CINXE.COM
Just a moment...
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '914d7e97ed5b4422',cH: 'upX9gZKHfRjDV4d7XrDXAPBTycD2nJHIIEb33gQKEKM-1740043999-1.2.1.1-kE0s_.r2uUgaMPm9FY.m_s8a7ir2Busd5_hLnbm1kPw0srS4o0Q.YHLZ8Vse_IbK',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=toes&__cf_chl_tk=mVCprQZh8Cx1ULy6JYJHQ9n7kOz2VAaO_xkHAI06ARo-1740043999-1.0.1.1-vCOU0GAvzqJKZrzUAHPYs0Hc3Ul_2S5jIaYmCXqMSQw",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1740043999',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "unsupported-browser",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=toes&__cf_chl_f_tk=mVCprQZh8Cx1ULy6JYJHQ9n7kOz2VAaO_xkHAI06ARo-1740043999-1.0.1.1-vCOU0GAvzqJKZrzUAHPYs0Hc3Ul_2S5jIaYmCXqMSQw",md: "h85UKWkGEgOY1JM_cciu_Wz98zI1OSg5TMnNIhV4aGE-1740043999-1.2.1.1-TBgj5PjsTTFVC_5g1lYoHHWpkcGh0HCz6fnCDafeRIMbgJuTwysnr9T_a5pxqd8WvFT3bCjTRO.w6M8549gbOo3l1Uf0tmpcSAIAK3L5UsOSw9jQM_uVHZoCOzfn_h.u4rMAuE9lRQAFHURaGnnYP7zhhuyzFIVCk4YKtrX.TKTeUnZdz4nyGTd6jki47px948IHHdPdcvqpFebYVALsRBQqtL.AkgYnwqnOYSfEUW35DbbLwO1g8x226AGzufsrhm.KDurAYBIbfU83XxzMDVaxfot.SNHe1ffK5BxDU9oc5u5umuT5ENmFG8b_3fZGa.hpX.Ykp7Yt3h1AO.d6.CHl9kRF2jTQ5mDRjygjRJ3iy6eVR8haBSZGXEB38TYLNMQYbj0oaC9fQhuML9PC320CVNk1vqesTk1j2SUVVZvk_QtI060eiTlqPng31HybJaxLdWcR5J0uT5.kPa3Odb3VBcbjLTDHpYds2uBbWZvZrIy.HCIvfJu6xj7b0pTTbfyaYp3QWlQqAOQi9b55MWU.205LMfiiibmjZYA5xOz8.It3azHkSx3VWcIq0uNP62QNGIfFiQff5mQMW5rR9msuccMSEjlTVZhL.aWWyod1Hk9jHdstqEasXi6MTlaH0d1zWsTDZMh3zBwAkUQeATkFWoveAVJinDPCtp_RtHo5E3vTQUQbIt5oEymw4XftHa.ebrPeCJC0kQvBzxA3MhZXQbFCPLe9yGuYHyWxOkmGFmLB79uaJQkEIhut3SOq.QuuxbAjRPyvm0.2I4kufV2Xo1c.VWfr9O.kF53bU8fX5GX0NlKB.yk9WhhTa6ieXFjdBI8WGTtA_k_Uvr9Br48AgftK2EEMTZAILRSsrUJea4irQ3F.6nUkj_o11cRNQTYjzCloODyB_G1_6dEhvtWz7Pn1mwqME1d4Z0upyiK6CKfSTMM3LJ4ikVusPfmmNVawXMvrg.Pf83KEO58LeBjku..S39ZcEGlYw1cHJXwdtoEsDDIWpaQoC7jykSvfYb3eTBRWL1SRr36njxv535XTM6Qk8tC9IWtG5z_nNUlXO_RNv_Ju15ke8UeAKJ5JXhunTOvHbk93DZ0LxMIuEla_MAz0RXOMWXcMx6Lhkcrwflw1c96vgCDm_5_3_1c3RtHq.N.pA8C5dLoM512Ci3_ZzDdGk57CgWy.5Xiav8dt7eaj84Lx6nApWO946spL6toKFnSM7myJF7NX8Dq8cVd4YhCp.pOVeCz3R4qiUoxDsbVM.sPJuyaPRnmlxCgZgxmDXwtZFXZoEi3QJHSCs1LR7SwzOc67gGxII9Veb1OOoS5E7rfJrnnJ2Jvn0jjdntAYLqwRsEdoPmAAH32Znus0XyyggBazO12POQNr.bE11m7zEwn26ZnQYmjDgcoQac8CR1C7wrs5lVu1GXglrlVjUWSwdpV.rODEHW7b7uGiYhx9p0LqSKE6OhrprvniIAmdc0oPJKIy3XplIchT3Ge2_ct4EzLSDxVliRq3G1N9.T8LFVu01eZsh5ihJFWAVMcZdyFHC.Yyj5UPwqkxXqwh1yHfLjelomdzf8sG4jUXzbcM_dpBDN.vjFHWmu12HE3Mu.PzOBrpIKiWfns4NQIdczAIr9QU2wiGnz0m_op6An3awk.k2rfpFnJgfnOSjfBSULUHYYNVm8CtPopI6RwF9bXpDjc2WUysQrLzLDU8GfTSIKn9Fu.F8p6i4KHmcvCHZbs6hgvL1.ZuOhbSV4Ed4crTLeBIr7Q_aEuM8ubwUdCC_JUw8.iHlHuI5SCYYftKj5zvsL7M3qjWq1GYWPWnPh3f3BitBT7K0RC577OxAtcO_QmB8Mv6e5Z_Ncog8Z0tP2nwed1O..s4myF7z7FcS4X7AmZMNaq15SymnijGLG1sFsHiycBUxff64_q8",mdrd: "sDkITgtQEqRV7kLjXcY9TS83Lvti6kN7BR5JL.NqhYI-1740043999-1.2.1.1-m.b2ARTANlFRmN7j7FNlAhrFupop8SVyipvEGFcPZkLDkUWP_gkt7uY_WWokBSmAdNWDzlLjV9JwppbGo3RByioR6soasREUZpZm.nS1Gz81iRLeyNyKjWEysHeGygeI4.DB5huGKnJy7PLGp4NY0ukTOOOE8VxzfqvHdBxCS85vrNUo8Wc9w7nDUk.Y5Qg2pf.R6LpqJnshrSfnJT_gd0zGb2MLhRiWAb.KJhFxFQWZWAGXrH2EnILdaEXuMCfEA63K4UCaI5eAd6vH3Bsshg7FScHq4rSsF2rrFmfS17m0ZjAvrExdrkbGot7.ROch0wqAYRLnwRhGCXyZqfhmyWu7CBUBKrxit2dk2Wn.ZpeWi4ncnOk6MFSNAuuKGK0tZyeEk9OaTbQJkFaWyrcw3RI05nN_b.w7XJwrlvpE4_ag9oHQsxdUS7vo10A5VLVUT0zBZsEdOkiM9Ih6KZX6bmyEhvtAdKQ09w8liD2Eby0.QAnC8BXDkyp7cz6Z2H00Loi.38nsS1f1kyN7N94D5la4zzGvweuy5ShXRqVSx7GoKZTwmY_Xueiy43IuwBh_RWiMbIB5zLMURSRq7hqD.1y94cy8iurQ6Lkaq4irH4Fj500OZGCGYnDRJfGnopFlTbZ3llxWZRteWRv5pHN583acWRHPRy.87Sc9u3so.SJ4oDRA0kjyGKM3Fig6hEUn2fIaQXEJasQ1ifbzrByeHT1ZfitlgUDzbkT1iT7A91.hu6nlOXqxSDFKw6_99Kzv9bSQnessHaP1GsvfzrLyc0iGolwzCpJRLBWvvAcjNgQB1ux3LP4at3Ul9jrjE5aTzNES1uheAAQc9uXA5EfYNirqS5KEw1BPFITbeO1QmpTz7.C8WKFwo4qjueobwsNdzfKGKRGybHrG5LEzyclDjytYWqvul7rGw4VEHKGlziwEIjXdf2PUd9R_g05pkmeC8Sv3PB46E2PSpCGwkQvExo7xiixQTDlNlP29CfsGd_A6FTaLrwxLOtq0DOeoWp6I9ijC..K9zuQ76zJSc7sh70P6ppYCDQGF1YmsRIH2X4U0NoIqeMfwQe1hLnlDMeOccJp7Wz_dGkZmdA8UxvskyF_VOTxZ_8pJvs8.pJtSJVZ4IBCqfMFIk3MsSt.ElGKGDu1cBdyQbbUmNJNOJiPKuaiiZKkfuoCBoMfU5_SqKKnX8ZRBY9UqVQr1Cs2x2ScwemSIubLfRIfYXR23zOf6vs.Xoy9ETzTRdggB88pS0MtP.v.JnYVmfr2ap_FcY4nwwNZBwvSWPArAxN61saY_0WlMQB4bEHkz5QkQtkvYlY4qywH2le4rZxCBxKDtTEiSRwrpgpy6XN0hNTXElYS3BJrEE7x6PezlMw5KB.9m0yAipwHFXQZwWIOMnm_dZWQDsSEuzHSlnmr9D7nDwBQnYvkthD0syH8pIZiQz334H.CmUdKXal864yWp8qpEl3EzfJdk86GBdgyd2GH9bpimnGcUFbqXhoF3k.0qaU2h9cKpm5tI2VXW_ih6Hx38qWbtJrcFSf.iwjk5sAPLkuvRl2IkZh6OryFZ4p99Ko6NgaIXJuCNXyKR4dCKJxVCyD0F09gsPMnealB_MdvPvm7nnpadVKYjVh95ZRwnRU2dvpNrGGd1DA1VXuqfv7sh4XnimYxogzLzSnAth6LW0y7cbvb0Oi4o5feiTFND2N0vwt23exQTXeyywLu8aFlkbXXVs5HBAVe8WSLMazytXu9tvleuviK7sxc1gIMqWa0AzY3l6Pq3Rf3d1MDcpP7K1wNnjd98upnEzCscRTkgwsa05RrIobikPpfvo9zD0gf.iuFaoN3t1wRXxUfTGTJYhqa6Du_7i4VqNskAFagJ9C8Af4X24iIBkOjbUVaR3MkDT2YGtmFKYanAGKT.EtCTK2exTFoICaxE8yafiPE38DgpoS67p.SpCO1FaY.L6Lrbuqo9b1fp_46rJzrFl9.IUlUK8D_Eq19CquvI97iT5jdfVQ"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=914d7e97ed5b4422';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=toes&__cf_chl_rt_tk=mVCprQZh8Cx1ULy6JYJHQ9n7kOz2VAaO_xkHAI06ARo-1740043999-1.0.1.1-vCOU0GAvzqJKZrzUAHPYs0Hc3Ul_2S5jIaYmCXqMSQw" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>