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class="vheadingv"><b>Verse</b><a href="/bsb/1_samuel/23.htm" class="clickchap" style="color:#001320" title="Click any translation name for full chapter">  (Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><span class="versiontext"><a href="/niv/1_samuel/23.htm">New International Version</a></span><br />And Saul&#8217s son Jonathan went to David at Horesh and helped him find strength in God.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nlt/1_samuel/23.htm">New Living Translation</a></span><br />Jonathan went to find David and encouraged him to stay strong in his faith in God.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/esv/1_samuel/23.htm">English Standard Version</a></span><br />And Jonathan, Saul’s son, rose and went to David at Horesh, and strengthened his hand in God.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/bsb/1_samuel/23.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a></span><br />And Saul’s son Jonathan came to David in Horesh and strengthened his hand in God,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/kjv/1_samuel/23.htm">King James Bible</a></span><br />And Jonathan Saul's son arose, and went to David into the wood, and strengthened his hand in God.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nkjv/1_samuel/23.htm">New King James Version</a></span><br />Then Jonathan, Saul’s son, arose and went to David in the woods and strengthened his hand in God.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb_/1_samuel/23.htm">New American Standard Bible</a></span><br />And Jonathan, Saul’s son, set out and went to David at Horesh, and encouraged him in God.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb/1_samuel/23.htm">NASB 1995</a></span><br />And Jonathan, Saul&#8217s son, arose and went to David at Horesh, and encouraged him in God.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb77/1_samuel/23.htm">NASB 1977 </a></span><br />And Jonathan, Saul’s son, arose and went to David at Horesh, and encouraged him in God.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsb/1_samuel/23.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a></span><br />So Jonathan, Saul’s son, arose and went to David at Horesh and strengthened his hand in God.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/amp/1_samuel/23.htm">Amplified Bible</a></span><br />And Jonathan, Saul’s son, arose and went [into the woods] to David at Horesh, and encouraged him in God.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/csb/1_samuel/23.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />Then Saul’s son Jonathan came to David in Horesh and encouraged him in his faith in God,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hcsb/1_samuel/23.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />Then Saul&#8217s son Jonathan came to David in Horesh and encouraged him in his faith in God,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/asv/1_samuel/23.htm">American Standard Version</a></span><br />And Jonathan, Saul's son, arose, and went to David into the wood, and strengthened his hand in God.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cev/1_samuel/23.htm">Contemporary English Version</a></span><br />But Jonathan went to see David, and God helped him encourage David. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/erv/1_samuel/23.htm">English Revised Version</a></span><br />And Jonathan Saul's son arose, and went to David into the wood, and strengthened his hand in God.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gwt/1_samuel/23.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a></span><br />Saul's son Jonathan came to David at Horesh. He strengthened David's [faith] in the LORD. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gnt/1_samuel/23.htm">Good News Translation</a></span><br />Jonathan went to him there and encouraged him with assurances of God's protection, <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/isv/1_samuel/23.htm">International Standard Version</a></span><br />Saul's son Jonathan got up and went to David at Horesh, and he encouraged him to trust in God. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/net/1_samuel/23.htm">NET Bible</a></span><br />Then Jonathan son of Saul left and went to David at Horesh. He encouraged him through God.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nheb/1_samuel/23.htm">New Heart English Bible</a></span><br />Jonathan, Saul?s son, set out and came to David at Horesh and encouraged him in the LORD.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/wbt/1_samuel/23.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a></span><br />And Jonathan Saul's son arose, and went to David into the wood, and strengthened his hand in God.<div class="vheading2"><b>Majority Text Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/msb/1_samuel/23.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a></span><br />And Saul’s son Jonathan came to David in Horesh and strengthened his hand in God,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/web/1_samuel/23.htm">World English Bible</a></span><br />Jonathan, Saul’s son, arose and went to David into the woods, and strengthened his hand in God. <div class="vheading2"><b>Literal Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsv/1_samuel/23.htm">Literal Standard Version</a></span><br />And Jonathan son of Saul rises, and goes to David [in the] forest, and strengthens his hand in God,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/ylt/1_samuel/23.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a></span><br /> And Jonathan son of Saul riseth, and goeth unto David to the forest, and strengtheneth his hand in God,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/slt/1_samuel/23.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a></span><br />And Jonathan, son of Saul, will rise and go to David to the thicket, and he will strengthen his hand in God.<div class="vheading2"><b>Catholic Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/drb/1_samuel/23.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a></span><br />And Jonathan the son of Saul arose, and went to David into the wood, and strengthened his hands in God: and he said to him: <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cpdv/1_samuel/23.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a></span><br />And Jonathan, the son of Saul, rose up and went to David in the woods, and he strengthened his hands in God. And he said to him:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nabre/1_samuel/23.htm">New American Bible</a></span><br />Then Saul’s son, Jonathan, came down to David at Horesh and encouraged him in the LORD.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nrsvce/1_samuel/23.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a></span><br />Saul’s son Jonathan set out and came to David at Horesh; there he strengthened his hand through the LORD.<div class="vheading2"><b>Translations from Aramaic</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lamsa/1_samuel/23.htm">Lamsa Bible</a></span><br />And Jonathan, Saul's son, arose and went to David in the forest, and strengthened his hands in God.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hpbt/1_samuel/23.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a></span><br />And Jonathan, son of Shaul, arose and he went on to David into the forest and strengthened his hands in God<div class="vheading2"><b>OT Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/jps/1_samuel/23.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a></span><br />And Jonathan Saul's son arose, and went to David into the wood, and strengthened his hand in God.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/sep/1_samuel/23.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a></span><br />And Jonathan son of Saul rose, and went to David to Caene, and strengthened his hands in the Lord.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/parallel/1_samuel/23-16.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></span></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv"><b>Audio Bible</b></div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/H8oQfYUMRZg?start=6890" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><div class="vheadingv"><b>Context</b></div><span class="hdg"><a href="/bsb/1_samuel/23.htm">Saul Pursues David</a></span><br>…<span class="reftext">15</span>While David was in Horesh in the Wilderness of Ziph, he saw that Saul had come out to take his life. <span class="reftext">16</span><span class="highl"><a href="/hebrew/6965.htm" title="6965: way·yā·qām (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms) -- To arise, stand up, stand. A primitive root; to rise.">And</a> <a href="/hebrew/7586.htm" title="7586: šā·’ūl (N-proper-ms) -- Passive participle of sha'al; asked; Shaul, the name of an Edomite and two Israelites.">Saul’s</a> <a href="/hebrew/1121.htm" title="1121: ben- (N-msc) -- Son. From banah; a son, in the widest sense (like 'ab, 'ach, etc.).">son</a> <a href="/hebrew/3083.htm" title="3083: yə·hō·w·nā·ṯān (N-proper-ms) -- From Yhovah and nathan; Jehovah-given; Jehonathan, the name of four Israelites.">Jonathan</a> <a href="/hebrew/1980.htm" title="1980: way·yê·leḵ (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms) -- To go, come, walk. Akin to yalak; a primitive root; to walk.">came</a> <a href="/hebrew/413.htm" title="413: ’el- (Prep) -- To, into, towards. ">to</a> <a href="/hebrew/1732.htm" title="1732: dā·wiḏ (N-proper-ms) -- Perhaps beloved one, a son of Jesse. Rarely; Daviyd; from the same as dowd; loving; David, the youngest son of Jesse.">David</a> <a href="/hebrew/2793.htm" title="2793: ḥō·rə·šāh (N-fs) -- Wood, wooded height. From charash; a forest.">in Horesh</a> <a href="/hebrew/2388.htm" title="2388: way·ḥaz·zêq (Conj-w:: V-Piel-ConsecImperf-3ms) -- A primitive root; to fasten upon; hence, to seize, be strong, obstinate; to bind, restrain, conquer.">and strengthened</a> <a href="/hebrew/853.htm" title="853: ’eṯ- (DirObjM) -- Apparent contracted from 'owth in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self."></a> <a href="/hebrew/3027.htm" title="3027: yā·ḏōw (N-fsc:: 3ms) -- Hand (indicating power, means, direction, etc.)">his hand</a> <a href="/hebrew/430.htm" title="430: bê·lō·hîm (Prep-b:: N-mp) -- Plural of 'elowahh; gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used of the supreme God">in God,</a> </span><span class="reftext">17</span>saying, “Do not be afraid, for my father Saul will never lay a hand on you. And you will be king over Israel, and I will be your second-in-command. Even my father Saul knows this is true.”…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><span class="crossverse"><a href="/proverbs/27-17.htm">Proverbs 27:17</a></span><br />As iron sharpens iron, so one man sharpens another.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/ecclesiastes/4-9.htm">Ecclesiastes 4:9-10</a></span><br />Two are better than one, because they have a good return for their labor. / For if one falls down, his companion can lift him up; but pity the one who falls without another to help him up!<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/hebrews/10-24.htm">Hebrews 10:24-25</a></span><br />And let us consider how to spur one another on to love and good deeds. / Let us not neglect meeting together, as some have made a habit, but let us encourage one another, and all the more as you see the Day approaching.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_timothy/1-16.htm">2 Timothy 1:16-18</a></span><br />May the Lord grant mercy to the household of Onesiphorus, because he has often refreshed me and was unashamed of my chains. / Indeed, when he arrived in Rome, he searched diligently until he found me. / May the Lord grant Onesiphorus His mercy on that day. You know very well how much he ministered to me in Ephesus.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/acts/11-23.htm">Acts 11:23</a></span><br />When he arrived and saw the grace of God, he rejoiced and encouraged them all to abide in the Lord with all their hearts.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/romans/1-11.htm">Romans 1:11-12</a></span><br />For I long to see you so that I may impart to you some spiritual gift to strengthen you, / that is, that you and I may be mutually encouraged by each other’s faith.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_corinthians/7-6.htm">2 Corinthians 7:6-7</a></span><br />But God, who comforts the downcast, comforted us by the arrival of Titus, / and not only by his arrival, but also by the comfort he had received from you. He told us about your longing, your mourning, and your zeal for me, so that I rejoiced all the more.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/philippians/2-19.htm">Philippians 2:19-20</a></span><br />Now I hope in the Lord Jesus to send Timothy to you soon, that I also may be cheered when I learn how you are doing. / I have nobody else like him who will genuinely care for your needs.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/colossians/4-8.htm">Colossians 4:8</a></span><br />I have sent him to you for this very purpose, that you may know about us, and that he may encourage your hearts.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_thessalonians/3-2.htm">1 Thessalonians 3:2-3</a></span><br />We sent Timothy, our brother and fellow worker for God in the gospel of Christ, to strengthen and encourage you in your faith, / so that none of you would be shaken by these trials. For you know that we are destined for this.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_thessalonians/5-11.htm">1 Thessalonians 5:11</a></span><br />Therefore encourage and build one another up, just as you are already doing.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_samuel/9-1.htm">2 Samuel 9:1</a></span><br />Then David asked, “Is there anyone left from the house of Saul to whom I can show kindness for the sake of Jonathan?”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_samuel/10-2.htm">2 Samuel 10:2</a></span><br />And David said, “I will show kindness to Hanun son of Nahash, just as his father showed kindness to me.” So David sent some of his servants to console Hanun concerning his father. But when they arrived in the land of the Ammonites,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/job/16-5.htm">Job 16:5</a></span><br />But I would encourage you with my mouth, and the consolation of my lips would bring relief.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/isaiah/35-3.htm">Isaiah 35:3-4</a></span><br />Strengthen the limp hands and steady the feeble knees! / Say to those with anxious hearts: “Be strong, do not fear! Behold, your God will come with vengeance. With divine retribution He will come to save you.”</div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div><p class="tsk2">And Jonathan Saul's son arose, and went to David into the wood, and strengthened his hand in God.</p><p class="hdg">strengthened</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/deuteronomy/3-28.htm">Deuteronomy 3:28</a></b></br> But charge Joshua, and encourage him, and strengthen him: for he shall go over before this people, and he shall cause them to inherit the land which thou shalt see.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/nehemiah/2-18.htm">Nehemiah 2:18</a></b></br> Then I told them of the hand of my God which was good upon me; as also the king's words that he had spoken unto me. And they said, Let us rise up and build. So they strengthened their hands for <i>this</i> good <i>work</i>.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/job/4-3.htm">Job 4:3,4</a></b></br> Behold, thou hast instructed many, and thou hast strengthened the weak hands… </p><div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/1_samuel/23-15.htm">David</a> <a href="/judges/20-22.htm">Encouraged</a> <a href="/1_samuel/23-14.htm">Hand</a> <a href="/1_samuel/23-7.htm">Hands</a> <a href="/1_samuel/7-12.htm">Helped</a> <a href="/1_samuel/23-15.htm">Horesh</a> <a href="/1_samuel/20-42.htm">Jonathan</a> <a href="/1_samuel/23-13.htm">Riseth</a> <a href="/1_samuel/21-10.htm">Rose</a> <a href="/1_samuel/23-15.htm">Saul</a> <a href="/1_samuel/23-10.htm">Saul's</a> <a href="/1_samuel/15-29.htm">Strength</a> <a href="/judges/9-24.htm">Strengthened</a> <a href="/judges/3-12.htm">Strengtheneth</a> <a href="/1_samuel/23-14.htm">Strong</a> <a href="/1_samuel/23-15.htm">Wood</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/1_samuel/23-18.htm">David</a> <a href="/1_samuel/30-6.htm">Encouraged</a> <a href="/1_samuel/23-17.htm">Hand</a> <a href="/1_samuel/24-15.htm">Hands</a> <a href="/2_samuel/8-6.htm">Helped</a> <a href="/1_samuel/23-18.htm">Horesh</a> <a href="/1_samuel/23-18.htm">Jonathan</a> <a href="/1_samuel/25-1.htm">Riseth</a> <a href="/1_samuel/24-7.htm">Rose</a> <a href="/1_samuel/23-17.htm">Saul</a> <a href="/1_samuel/24-4.htm">Saul's</a> <a href="/1_samuel/28-20.htm">Strength</a> <a href="/1_samuel/30-6.htm">Strengthened</a> <a href="/2_chronicles/11-11.htm">Strengtheneth</a> <a href="/1_samuel/23-19.htm">Strong</a> <a href="/1_samuel/23-18.htm">Wood</a><div class="vheading2">1 Samuel 23</div><span class="reftext">1. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/1_samuel/23-1.htm">David, enquiring of the Lord by Abiathar, rescues Keilah</a></span><br><span class="reftext">7. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/1_samuel/23-7.htm">God showing him the coming of Saul, and the treachery of the Keilites, </a></span><br><span class="reftext">13. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/1_samuel/23-13.htm">he escapes from Keilah</a></span><br><span class="reftext">14. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/1_samuel/23-14.htm">In Ziph Jonathan comes and comforts him</a></span><br><span class="reftext">19. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/1_samuel/23-19.htm">The Ziphites discover him to Saul</a></span><br><span class="reftext">25. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/1_samuel/23-25.htm">At Maon he is rescued from Saul by the invasion of the Philistines</a></span><br><span class="reftext">29. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/1_samuel/23-29.htm">He dwells at En Gedi</a></span><br></div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div><br /><br /> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> <br /><br /> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/1_samuel/23.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/1_samuel/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/1_samuel/23.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div><b>And Saul’s son Jonathan</b><br>Jonathan, the son of King Saul, is a significant figure in the narrative of David's rise to kingship. Despite being the heir to the throne, Jonathan demonstrates remarkable loyalty and friendship to David, recognizing God's anointing on him. This relationship is a profound example of covenant friendship, reflecting the biblical theme of selfless love and loyalty. Jonathan's actions can be seen as a type of Christ, who also laid aside His rights for the sake of others.<p><b>came to David in Horesh</b><br>Horesh is located in the Wilderness of Ziph, a desolate area in the Judean wilderness. This setting underscores the danger and isolation David faced while fleeing from Saul. Jonathan's journey to Horesh highlights his courage and commitment to David, as he risks his own safety to support his friend. The wilderness often symbolizes a place of testing and preparation in the Bible, as seen in the lives of Moses and Jesus.<p><b>and strengthened his hand in God</b><br>This phrase indicates that Jonathan encouraged David spiritually, reminding him of God's promises and faithfulness. In times of distress, biblical figures often find strength in God's presence and promises, as seen in Psalms and the encouragement given by prophets. Jonathan's support is a reminder of the importance of godly friendships and community in sustaining faith. This act of strengthening is akin to the role of the Holy Spirit, who comforts and empowers believers.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <b><a href="/topical/j/jonathan.htm">Jonathan</a></b><br>The son of King Saul, known for his deep friendship with David. Despite his father's animosity towards David, Jonathan remains loyal and supportive.<br><br>2. <b><a href="/topical/d/david.htm">David</a></b><br>The future king of Israel, anointed by Samuel, who is currently fleeing from King Saul's attempts to kill him. David is in a period of trial and testing.<br><br>3. <b><a href="/topical/h/horesh.htm">Horesh</a></b><br>A location in the wilderness of Ziph where David is hiding from Saul. It represents a place of refuge and testing for David.<br><br>4. <b><a href="/topical/s/saul.htm">Saul</a></b><br>The first king of Israel, who is pursuing David out of jealousy and fear of losing his throne.<br><br>5. <b><a href="/topical/s/strengthened_his_hand_in_god.htm">Strengthened his hand in God</a></b><br>This phrase indicates Jonathan's encouragement to David, reminding him of God's promises and faithfulness. The Hebrew root for "strengthened" (chazaq) implies making firm or resolute.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><b><a href="/topical/t/the_power_of_godly_friendship.htm">The Power of Godly Friendship</a></b><br>Jonathan's visit to David exemplifies the strength and support found in godly friendships. True friends encourage us in our faith and remind us of God's promises.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/e/encouragement_in_times_of_trial.htm">Encouragement in Times of Trial</a></b><br>Just as Jonathan strengthened David, we are called to support and uplift others during their times of difficulty, pointing them back to God's faithfulness.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/f/faithfulness_despite_adversity.htm">Faithfulness Despite Adversity</a></b><br>Jonathan's loyalty to David, despite his father's opposition, teaches us about remaining faithful to God's purposes and our commitments, even when it is challenging.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/trust_in_god's_promises.htm">Trust in God's Promises</a></b><br>Jonathan's encouragement was rooted in God's promises to David. We should anchor our encouragement to others in the truth of God's Word.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_1_samuel_23.htm">Top 10 Lessons from 1 Samuel 23</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/why_is_david_anointed_again_in_2_samuel.htm">In 2 Samuel 2:4, why is David anointed again when he was already anointed in 1 Samuel 16:13?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/why_is_david_the_7th_son_in_1_chronicles.htm">Why does 1 Chronicles 2:13-15 list David as the seventh son, while 1 Samuel 16:10-11 implies he was the eighth?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/why_no_trace_of_david's_hideouts_today.htm">If 1 Samuel 23:14 places David in uncharted wilderness strongholds, why is there little or no archaeological trace of these specific hideouts today?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/is_jonathan's_covenant_with_david_inconsistent.htm">Does the nature of Jonathan's covenant with David in 1 Samuel 20:16 present any inconsistencies with later depictions of Israelite covenants?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/1_samuel/23.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(16) <span class= "bld">And Jonathan Saul's son arose, and went to David.</span>--Some have wished to show that the account of the last interview between the friends really belongs to the secret meeting between David and Jonathan recounted in 1 Samuel 20, and that it has got transposed; but such a view is quite untenable, for the narrative here is circumstantial, and even mentions the scene of the interview--"the wood," or, less probable, the town named "Horesh." The expression "strengthened his hand in God" is added by the narrator to show how sorely tried was the king of the future at this juncture, notwithstanding that so many gallant spirits rallied round him. The determined and relentless hostility of the king of the land, his sovereign, and once his friend--the apparent hopelessness of his struggle--the cruel ingratitude of whole bodies of his fellow countrymen, such as the men of Ziph--his homeless, outlawed condition: all these things naturally weighed upon the nervous and enthusiastic temperament of David, which was soon depressed. His sad forebodings in his desolateness and loneliness at this time are breathed forth in not a few of the Psalms which tradition ascribes to him. At such a juncture the warm sympathy, the steady onlook to a sunnier future of one like Jonathan was a real help to David. Jonathan was far-sighted enough when David's fortunes were at their lowest ebb to look confidently forward to a time when all these thick dark clouds of trouble should have passed away. Jonathan, we know (<a href="/context/1_samuel/20-14.htm" title="And you shall not only while yet I live show me the kindness of the LORD, that I die not:">1Samuel 20:14-15</a>) possessed sufficient confidence in David's future fortune even to ask the hunted exile to remember him, the prince, with kindness when he should have come into his kingdom. Such warm sympathy, such glowing trustful words, we may well imagine, raised the spirits of the outlaw, and gave him new courage to face the grave difficulties of his dangerous position.<p><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/1_samuel/23.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div><span class="cmt_sub_title">Verses 16-18.</span> - <span class="cmt_word">Jonathan... went to David into the wood.</span> To Horesh, as in ver. 15. This visit suggests two things: the first, that, after the scene in <a href="/1_samuel/22-8.htm">1 Samuel 22:8</a>, Saul was estranged from his son, and treated him harshly, regarding him as a fellow conspirator with David; the second, that there was a growing conviction, not only in Jonathan's mind, but generally, that Jehovah had transferred the kingdom from Saul to David, and that consequently David's final success was inevitable. He <span class="cmt_word">strengthened his</span> (David's) <span class="cmt_word">hand in God.</span> Such a visit, and the expression of Jonathan's strong conviction that Jehovah was with David, must necessarily have had a powerful moral effect upon his mind. Under such trying circumstances David must often have been tempted to despair; but the assurance of Jonathan's unbroken love for him, and the knowledge that he and many more regarded him as chosen by God to be Israel's king, would revive his courage and make him content to bear the hardships of his present lot. <span class="cmt_word">I shall be next unto thee.</span> Had he not been killed in Mount Gilboa, it seems that, unlike Ishbosheth, Jonathan would have resigned all claim to the crown. But the feeling must often have distressed David, that the kingdom could become his only by dispossessing his true and unselfish friend. Nor would such a regret be altogether removed by Jonathan's ready acquiescence in it as God's will, though, as next to him, and beloved as he deserved, his position as the king's friend would have been a not unenviable one. Still, to be second where by right of inheritance he should have been first would have been a very trying lot, and it was better for Jonathan that he should die a soldier's death, even granting that he would have felt a lively joy in David's success and the glory of his empire. But their love was to be exposed to no vicissitudes, and the two friends parted never to meet again - David remaining at Horesh, while Jonathan returned to his home at Gibeah. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/commentaries/1_samuel/23-16.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div><span class="word">And</span><br /><span class="heb">וַיָּ֙קָם֙</span> <span class="translit">(way·yā·qām)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_6965.htm">Strong's 6965: </a> </span><span class="str2">To arise, stand up, stand</span><br /><br /><span class="word">Saul’s</span><br /><span class="heb">שָׁא֔וּל</span> <span class="translit">(šā·’ūl)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_7586.htm">Strong's 7586: </a> </span><span class="str2">Saul -- first king of Israel, also an Edomite and two Israelites</span><br /><br /><span class="word">son</span><br /><span class="heb">בֶּן־</span> <span class="translit">(ben-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine singular construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_1121.htm">Strong's 1121: </a> </span><span class="str2">A son</span><br /><br /><span class="word">Jonathan</span><br /><span class="heb">יְהוֹנָתָ֣ן</span> <span class="translit">(yə·hō·w·nā·ṯān)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3083.htm">Strong's 3083: </a> </span><span class="str2">Jonathan -- 'the LORD has given', the name of a number of Israelites</span><br /><br /><span class="word">came</span><br /><span class="heb">וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ</span> <span class="translit">(way·yê·leḵ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_1980.htm">Strong's 1980: </a> </span><span class="str2">To go, come, walk</span><br /><br /><span class="word">to</span><br /><span class="heb">אֶל־</span> <span class="translit">(’el-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_413.htm">Strong's 413: </a> </span><span class="str2">Near, with, among, to</span><br /><br /><span class="word">David</span><br /><span class="heb">דָּוִ֖ד</span> <span class="translit">(dā·wiḏ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_1732.htm">Strong's 1732: </a> </span><span class="str2">David -- perhaps 'beloved one', a son of Jesse</span><br /><br /><span class="word">in Horesh</span><br /><span class="heb">חֹ֑רְשָׁה</span> <span class="translit">(ḥō·rə·šāh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_2793.htm">Strong's 2793: </a> </span><span class="str2">Horesh -- a forest</span><br /><br /><span class="word">and strengthened</span><br /><span class="heb">וַיְחַזֵּ֥ק</span> <span class="translit">(way·ḥaz·zêq)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_2388.htm">Strong's 2388: </a> </span><span class="str2">To fasten upon, to seize, be strong, obstinate, to bind, restrain, conquer</span><br /><br /><span class="word">his hand</span><br /><span class="heb">יָד֖וֹ</span> <span class="translit">(yā·ḏōw)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3027.htm">Strong's 3027: </a> </span><span class="str2">A hand</span><br /><br /><span class="word">in God,</span><br /><span class="heb">בֵּאלֹהִֽים׃</span> <span class="translit">(bê·lō·hîm)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition-b | Noun - masculine plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_430.htm">Strong's 430: </a> </span><span class="str2">gods -- the supreme God, magistrates, a superlative</span><br /><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/1_samuel/23-16.htm">1 Samuel 23:16 NIV</a><br /><a href="/nlt/1_samuel/23-16.htm">1 Samuel 23:16 NLT</a><br /><a href="/esv/1_samuel/23-16.htm">1 Samuel 23:16 ESV</a><br /><a href="/nasb/1_samuel/23-16.htm">1 Samuel 23:16 NASB</a><br /><a href="/kjv/1_samuel/23-16.htm">1 Samuel 23:16 KJV</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="//bibleapps.com/1_samuel/23-16.htm">1 Samuel 23:16 BibleApps.com</a><br /><a href="//bibliaparalela.com/1_samuel/23-16.htm">1 Samuel 23:16 Biblia Paralela</a><br /><a href="//holybible.com.cn/1_samuel/23-16.htm">1 Samuel 23:16 Chinese Bible</a><br /><a href="//saintebible.com/1_samuel/23-16.htm">1 Samuel 23:16 French Bible</a><br /><a href="/catholic/1_samuel/23-16.htm">1 Samuel 23:16 Catholic Bible</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/1_samuel/23-16.htm">OT History: 1 Samuel 23:16 Jonathan Saul's son arose and went (1Sa iSam 1 Sam i sa) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/1_samuel/23-15.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="1 Samuel 23:15"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="1 Samuel 23:15" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/1_samuel/23-17.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="1 Samuel 23:17"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="1 Samuel 23:17" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>