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margin: 0 0 0.5em 0.5em; text-align:left; border: 1px solid #55BB99; width:175px;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; text-align:center; color:white; background-color:#55BB99"><b>Part of RationalWiki's</b><br /><a href="/wiki/Cryptozoology" title="Cryptozoology"><font size="4" color="white"><b>Cryptid Petting Zoo</b></font></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#C4EECF;" align="center"><a href="/wiki/Category:Cryptozoology" title="Category:Cryptozoology"><img alt="Icon cryptozoology.svg" src="/w/images/thumb/6/6d/Icon_cryptozoology.svg/100px-Icon_cryptozoology.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" srcset="/w/images/thumb/6/6d/Icon_cryptozoology.svg/150px-Icon_cryptozoology.svg.png 1.5x, /w/images/thumb/6/6d/Icon_cryptozoology.svg/200px-Icon_cryptozoology.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; color:white; background-color:#55BB99; text-align:center;"><b>Hiding with Schrödinger's cat</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; background-color:#C4EECF;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Loch_Ness_Monster" title="Loch Ness Monster">Loch Ness Monster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bunyip" title="Bunyip">Bunyip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doubtful_News" title="Doubtful News">Doubtful News</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leviathan" title="Leviathan">Leviathan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thylacine" title="Thylacine">Thylacine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilosaurus" title="Basilosaurus">Basilosaurus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phantom_cats" title="Phantom cats">Phantom cats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Monkey_Man_of_Delhi" title="The Monkey Man of Delhi">The Monkey Man of Delhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genesis_Park" title="Genesis Park">Genesis Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flannan_Isle" title="Flannan Isle">Flannan Isle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loren_Coleman" title="Loren Coleman">Loren Coleman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_DeLonge" title="Tom DeLonge">Tom DeLonge</a></li></ul> <div class="vte plainlinks" style="font-size:smaller; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cryptid" title="Template:Cryptid">v</a> - <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cryptid" title="Template talk:Cryptid">t</a> - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rationalwiki.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Cryptid&action=edit">e</a></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Bigfoot</b> (also known as <b><s><a href="/wiki/Fun:Star_Wars" title="Fun:Star Wars">Chewbacca</a></s></b> <b>Sasquatch</b>) is a <a href="/wiki/Mythical" class="mw-redirect" title="Mythical">mythical</a> creature alleged by some to live in remote <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North American</a> forests in the Pacific Northwest. As there is zero real evidence for the existence of Bigfoot, the study of the "beast" is considered to be a <a href="/wiki/Pseudoscience" title="Pseudoscience">pseudoscience</a>. Bigfoot is also one of the more famous examples of <a href="/wiki/Cryptozoology" title="Cryptozoology">cryptozoology</a>. </p><p>Bigfoot is sometimes described as a large, hairy, bipedal hominid creature, and many believe that this animal, or its close relatives, may be found around the world under different regional names, such as the <a href="/wiki/Yeti" title="Yeti">Yeti</a> of <a href="/wiki/Tibet" title="Tibet">Tibet</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a>. </p><p>The most famous sighting is the 1967 Patterson-Gimlin film, which shows a hairy bipedal figure walking away from the camera. </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#History_of_the_Bigfoot_myth"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">History of the Bigfoot myth</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#Patterson-Gimlin"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Patterson-Gimlin</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Bigfoot_and_science"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Bigfoot and science</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#Bigfoot_and_the_paranormal"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Bigfoot and the paranormal</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#Other_regions"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Other regions</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#Sources"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Sources</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#Notes"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Notes</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="History_of_the_Bigfoot_myth">History of the Bigfoot myth</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bigfoot&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History of the Bigfoot myth">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <div class="thumb tleft"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:302px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Painted_Rock_Tulare_County.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Painted_Rock_Tulare_County.jpg/330px-Painted_Rock_Tulare_County.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="261" class="thumbimage" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Painted_Rock_Tulare_County.jpg/500px-Painted_Rock_Tulare_County.jpg 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a2/Painted_Rock_Tulare_County.jpg 2x" data-file-width="575" data-file-height="500" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Painted_Rock_Tulare_County.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>A reproduction of the petroglyphs at Painted Rock.</div></div></div> <p>Many of the indigenous cultures include tales of mysterious hair-covered creatures living across the United States. </p><p>On a painted rock at the Tule River Reservation with hieroglyphs over 500 years old. 16th century <a href="/wiki/Mexican" class="mw-redirect" title="Mexican">Mexican</a> explorers told stories of the dark watchers which were dark shadow people. </p><p>There have been many stories among indigenous peoples of the Northwest Pacific over the centuries regarding 'Bigfoot' like creatures. As white settlers pushed westward, they encountered these myths and recorded them.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></sup> Scattered encounters by white witnesses began appearing around the same time, the most famous being the alleged capture of a ape-like creature called "Jacko" (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Jackson" class="extiw" title="wp:Michael Jackson" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Michael Jackson">no, not him</span></a><sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup>) in 1884 by Canadian ranchers, later exposed as a hoax.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></sup> Another story, shared by <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Theodore Roosevelt</a>, involves a trapper whose camp in Montana had been raided by a mysterious creature.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></sup> However, generally speaking, these stories failed to gain widespread attention. </p><p>The term "Sasquatch" (Anglicized from the Salish Indian word <i>sásq'ets</i>, roughly translated as "wild man") was coined by John W. Burns, an Indian agent from the Fraser Valley in British Columbia, who popularized it in a series of magazine articles in the 1920s. However, Burns' version of Sasquatch, based on oral traditions from the Chihalis Nation, differed drastically from later Bigfoot sightings; instead of a large, hairy ape creature, Burns reported the Sasquatch as a race of abnormally large humans who spoke an intelligible language (said to be Ucwalmicwts, associated with the St'at'imc Nation), and often interacted with, and occasionally even intermarried with local groups like the Chihalis.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></sup> Other early encounters are dated to this era, like the 1924 "Battle of Ape Canyon," where miners were attacked by a group of rock-throwing Bigfeet near Mount St. Helens in Washington. This incident was reported in contemporary newspapers, but later attributed to local teenagers playing a practical joke on the miners.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></sup> </p><p>It was only in the 1950's when the Bigfoot phenomenon went, well, big. A man named Eric Shipton photographed what he called 'Yeti' footprints in 1951, and after that, everyone had Yeti on the brain. There were countless sightings, all of which were undoubtedly made up or reported by some people with wild imaginations. The most ridiculous stories involved the Bigfoot creature kidnapping people and whisking them away to hold them captive or eat them or whatever, it was never elaborated on. A common theme in the stories involving someone coming face to face with the creature usually ended up with the human and beast forming some form of emotional bond and understanding. </p><p>In 1958, bulldozer operator Gerald Crew found large footprints in Del Norte County, California and had them plastered for proof. This is where the term 'Bigfoot' was first used. Locals had been calling the track-maker 'Big Foot', which was shortened to Bigfoot in the papers. The Associated Press decided it was newsworthy, cementing Bigfoot's place in folklore. The fact that the family of Ray Wallace, a recently deceased logger, claimed he had forged the footprints and that the wife of the editor of the <i>Humboldt Times</i>, which first reported on the story, exposed her husband as being in on the hoax, didn't stop people from sending out hunting parties looking for the creature. </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Patterson-Gimlin">Patterson-Gimlin</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bigfoot&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Patterson-Gimlin">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3> <div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:302px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Patterson_Gimlin_Bigfoot.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Patterson_Gimlin_Bigfoot.jpg/300px-Patterson_Gimlin_Bigfoot.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="172" class="thumbimage" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Patterson_Gimlin_Bigfoot.jpg/450px-Patterson_Gimlin_Bigfoot.jpg 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Patterson_Gimlin_Bigfoot.jpg/600px-Patterson_Gimlin_Bigfoot.jpg 2x" data-file-width="994" data-file-height="571" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Patterson_Gimlin_Bigfoot.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>Frame 352 of the Patterson-Gimlin film, alleged to depict a female Bigfoot</div></div></div> <p>The most famous sighting happened in 1967, when Roger Patterson and Robert Gimlin purported to have spotted the bipedal ape and caught it on film. The extremely shaky footage shows Bigfoot walking through trees for a few yards, and most famously turning to face the camera briefly with an expression that Patterson described as "contempt and disgust".<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a></sup> Scientists and skeptics have deemed the film to be a fake and it was most likely just a man in an ape costume, based on the fact there is little corroborating evidence for the encounter and some inconsistencies in Gimlin's and Patterson's stories. Patterson profited from showing the short film in movie houses across the Pacific Northwest and appearing on a number of talk shows. </p><p>One of the important controversies of the film is the frame rate it was filmed at: if the speed was 16 frames per second, some researchers and cryptozoologists claim that the gait and stride of the "creature" wouldn't be consistent with a human in an ape suit, but at 24 fps, it would look exactly like a human in an ape suit. The super-shaky footage makes it impossible to confirm the frame rate. In recent years, video stabilization software available to the public has improved tremendously; therefore multiple attempts have been made by various people, including "Bigfoot researchers" who sought to help prove the film's authenticity, to digitally stabilize the film. The results were often convincing to cryptozoologists, but to skeptics, the resulting stabilized clips looks even <i>more</i> like a guy in a gorilla suit.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a></sup> </p><p>Philip Morris, owner of a large costume store named <i>Morris Costumes</i> (which included costumes that were of good enough quality for use in "drive-in" style movies), claims to have lent a costume to Patterson.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a></sup> A man named Bob Heironimus also claims that he was the person in Morris' gorilla suit.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a></sup> Though there has been no conclusive proof either way about the film's authenticity, Patterson went to his grave swearing it was real. Gimlin maintains that <i>he</i> wasn't involved in a hoax, but is willing to admit he may have been conned by Patterson. </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Bigfoot_and_science">Bigfoot and science</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bigfoot&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Bigfoot and science">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:167px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Brown_bear_(Ursus_arctos_arctos)_standing.png" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Brown_bear_%28Ursus_arctos_arctos%29_standing.png/165px-Brown_bear_%28Ursus_arctos_arctos%29_standing.png" decoding="async" width="165" height="236" class="thumbimage" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Brown_bear_%28Ursus_arctos_arctos%29_standing.png/248px-Brown_bear_%28Ursus_arctos_arctos%29_standing.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Brown_bear_%28Ursus_arctos_arctos%29_standing.png/330px-Brown_bear_%28Ursus_arctos_arctos%29_standing.png 2x" data-file-width="2300" data-file-height="3288" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Brown_bear_(Ursus_arctos_arctos)_standing.png" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>A brown bear standing on its hind legs. Obviously not Bigfoot, as this picture is in focus.</div></div></div> <p>Bigfoot and science actually don't know each other particularly well. At best, they could only be said to be on a nodding acquaintance with one another. Mainstream <a href="/wiki/Scientist" class="mw-redirect" title="Scientist">scientists</a> and <a href="/wiki/Academic" class="mw-redirect" title="Academic">academics</a> generally "discount the existence of Bigfoot because the evidence supporting belief in the survival of a prehistoric, bipedal, ape-like creature of such dimensions is scant".<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a></sup> In addition to the lack of <a href="/wiki/Evidence" title="Evidence">evidence</a> — the only noteworthy examples being <a href="/wiki/Anecdote" class="mw-redirect" title="Anecdote">eyewitness testimony</a>, footprints of a dubious nature, and bad quality videos — they cite the fact that while Bigfoot is alleged to live in regions that would be unusual for a large, non-human primate, i.e. temperate latitudes in the northern hemisphere, all other recognized non-human apes are found in the tropics, in Africa, continental Asia or nearby islands. The (non-human) great apes have never been found in the fossil record in the Americas.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14">[notes 1]</a></sup> No Bigfoot bones or bodies have been found. </p><p>The issue is so muddied with dubious claims and outright <a href="/wiki/Hoax" title="Hoax">hoaxes</a> that many scientists <a href="/wiki/WOMBAT" title="WOMBAT">do not give the subject serious attention</a>. Napier wrote that the mainstream scientific community's indifference stems primarily from "insufficient evidence... it is hardly unsurprising that scientists prefer to investigate the probable rather than beat their heads against the wall of the faintly possible" (Napier, 15). Anthropologist David Daegling echoed this idea, citing a "remarkably limited amount of Sasquatch data that are amenable to scientific scrutiny" (Daegling, 61). He also suggests mainstream skeptics should take a proactive position "to offer an alternative explanation. We have to explain why we see Bigfoot when there is no such animal" (ibid 20). Most who have expressed an opinion consider the stories of Bigfoot to be a combination of unsubstantiated folklore and hoaxes. </p><p>Grover S. Krantz concedes that whilst "the Scientific Establishment generally resists new ideas... there is a good reason for it... Quite simply put, new and innovative ideas in science are almost always wrong" (Krantz, 236). </p><p>On May 24, 2006, Maria Goodavage wrote an article in USA Today entitled, "Bigfoot Merely Amuses Most Scientists." In it, she quoted John Crane, a zoologist and biologist at Washington State, "There is no such thing as Bigfoot. No data other than material that's clearly been fabricated has ever been presented." </p><p>In 2009, J.D. Lozier, P. Aniello, and M.J. Hickerson constructed an Ecological Niche Model for Bigfoot.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15">[14]</a></sup> They constructed their model with the help of nine climate variables that had a strong correlation with Bigfoot-sighting locations. They found that it has a very close match with an ENM for the black bear (<i>Ursus americanus</i>), and they concluded, "Although it is possible that Sasquatch and <i>U. americanus</i> share such remarkably similar bioclimatic requirements, we nonetheless suspect that many Bigfoot sightings are, in fact, of black bears." A 2024 study presented similar findings.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16">[15]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17">[16]</a></sup> </p> <div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:302px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Gigantopithecus_vs_Hombre.PNG" class="image"><img alt="Gigantopithecus vs Hombre.PNG" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Gigantopithecus_vs_Hombre.PNG/330px-Gigantopithecus_vs_Hombre.PNG" decoding="async" width="300" height="254" class="thumbimage" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Gigantopithecus_vs_Hombre.PNG/500px-Gigantopithecus_vs_Hombre.PNG 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8a/Gigantopithecus_vs_Hombre.PNG 2x" data-file-width="587" data-file-height="497" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Gigantopithecus_vs_Hombre.PNG" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div></div></div></div> <p>Some people claim that <i><a href="/wiki/Gigantopithecus" title="Gigantopithecus">Gigantopithecus</a></i> was an ancestor of Bigfoot. This is very doubtful, as all fossils in the relevant genus were found in continental Asia, not northwestern America. Others claim that Bigfoot are <a href="/wiki/Neanderthals" class="mw-redirect" title="Neanderthals">Neanderthals</a> or "Neaderthaloids", a Homo Sapiens - Neanderthal hybrid.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18">[17]</a></sup> In reality, "a Homo Sapiens - Neanderthal hybrid" is simply a variant of modern Homo Sapiens. Further still, while Neanderthals were robustly built, they would almost certainly not have bigger-than-human feet, and they lived mainly in western Eurasia, especially in Europe and the northern parts of the Middle East. As a fairly advanced human species, they had a tendency to leave technology lying about, and finally, a Neanderthal living in North America would probably not choose to remain in a technologically ultra-primitive, extremely secretive tribe, but would likely walk straight into a Sapiens city or Sapiens native reservation. Additionally, such people would've been highly intelligent, and would likely not be left in the Paleolithic, but would instead have picked up on, or invented, tools used by other native American tribes. Later, they would have done what the other native Americans did and resurrected their (90% wiped out by disease?) society using European horses and guns. If Bigfoot were some kind of Neanderthal tribe, they would eventually make use of iPhones, just like other modern tribes in the Pacific northwest do today. The U.S. government and states would make treaties with them. Also, another big elephant in the room is appearance. Bigfoot is generally thought of as being somewhere between brunette and jet black in fur coloration, with dark or even black skin. Neanderthals in Europe had white skin, blue, green, or hazel eyes, and often had blond, brown, or red hair, mostly on their heads. They wore fitted clothing composed of animal hides, and generally were not barefoot, but wore well-made, sturdy boots. They used big, sturdy spears with sharp broadtip points to hunt, but may have sometimes also used thrown javelins. </p><p>So they weren't hairy, didn't have big feet, weren't tall, weren't dark, wore clothing, used technology, and generally would've looked like really robust weird-looking white people with unusually sloped foreheads. They could probably pick up on Sapiens languages and appropriate our technologies, and would not be impossibly secretive and isolationist, but would instead probably end up like any other native American tribe, on a reservation designated by the U.S. government. </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Bigfoot_and_the_paranormal">Bigfoot and the paranormal</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bigfoot&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Bigfoot and the paranormal">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Paranormal" title="Paranormal">paranormal</a> investigator Jon-Erik Beckjord theorized that the lack of hard evidence supporting Bigfoot's existence may be due to the creature being an <a href="/wiki/Not_even_wrong" title="Not even wrong">interdimensional being</a> that slips in and out of dimensions. In 1976, B. Ann Slate and Alan Berry linked bigfoot to <a href="/wiki/UFO" class="mw-redirect" title="UFO">UFOs</a>, dimensions and <a href="/wiki/Telepathic" class="mw-redirect" title="Telepathic">telepathic</a> experiences.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19">[18]</a></sup> </p><p>Recent authors have also linked bigfoot to paranormal dimensions and other <a href="/wiki/Multiverse" class="mw-redirect" title="Multiverse">multiverses</a>. Kewaunee Lapseritis in his book <i>The Sasquatch People and Their Interdimensional Connection</i> (2011) has written that 187 documented cases have objectified the reality of dimensional bigfoot creatures.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20">[19]</a></sup> Those who believe the Bigfoot is an actual physical creature distance themselves from such paranormal claims and regard them as an embarrassment.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21">[20]</a></sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Other_regions">Other regions</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bigfoot&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Other regions">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>There is a similar myth in the Himalayan region about a large, hairy creature they call "<a href="/wiki/Yeti" title="Yeti">Yeti</a>". To the east of the Himalayas, in the Sichuan and Hubei provinces, a local favorite crypto-hominid is the Yeren or "Wild Man", a species believed to be surviving <i><a href="/wiki/Gigantopithecus" title="Gigantopithecus">Gigantopithecus</a></i> descendants, or maybe a tribe of ancient refugees who stayed really far away from civilization for a few hundred years. A large number of ape-man sightings have been catalogued by cryptozoologists from the Caucasus to <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-sablog_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sablog-22">[21]</a></sup> </p><p>The Aussie version, the Yowie (or Yahoo), doesn't get nearly as much attention because... well, it's <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23">[22]</a></sup> Yowie enthusiast Paul Taylor claimed in 2019 to have recovered a sample from near Mackay, Queensland: "We collected some hair hanging from [ripped fence wires] that smelled very strongly of rotten meat crossed with urine, which I remembered from previous expeditions."<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24">[23]</a></sup> Insert jokes about Australians here, while waiting for the sample to be analyzed by reputable scientists. And waiting... </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Skunk_ape" class="mw-redirect" title="Skunk ape">skunk ape</a> is a smelly hominid in the <a href="/wiki/Florida" class="mw-redirect" title="Florida">Florida</a> Everglades, covered in long black or red hair like an orangutan or gorilla.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25">[24]</a></sup> Other vaguely similar North American cryptids include the Dewey Lake Monster in Michigan; Mogollon Monster in eastern Arizona, Momo the Monster in eastern Missouri around the Mississippi river; the Wild Man of the Navidad in <a href="/wiki/Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Texas">Texas</a>; and in <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, Old Yellow Top lives near Cobalt, Ontario.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26">[25]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27">[26]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28">[27]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29">[28]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30">[29]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31">[30]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32">[31]</a></sup> </p><p>Another ape-like specimen was the Minnesota Iceman, exhibited in the late 1960s and early 1970s but subsequently revealed to be a latex model encased in ice. It first appeared in 1968 as the Siberskoye Creature, a mysterious hairy hominid frozen in a block of ice in the travelling exhibition of Frank D. Hansen. It came to wider attention at the International Livestock Exposition annual fair in Chicago, and a lot of bizarre rumors spread about it. Hansen claimed it had a secretive owner, rumored to be the actor James Stewart. He said variously that it had been found off Siberia by <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russian</a> seal-hunters, by <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japanese</a> whalers, in a deep freeze in <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" class="mw-redirect" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a>, and had been shot near Whiteface Reservoir in Minnesota. It was also rumored that Hansen had killed it near Danang, <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a>. Cryptozoologists Ivan T. Sanderson and Bernard Heuvelmans examined it through its glass case and became convinced it was genuine; Heuvelmans identified it first as a new hominid <i>Homo pongoides</i> and later as a <a href="/wiki/Neanderthal" class="mw-redirect" title="Neanderthal">Neanderthal</a>. John Napier, a primatologist at the Smithsonian, investigated more skeptically and concluded it was a latex model; he noted that it seemed to change appearance from year to year, suggesting it was being thawed when not required for exhibition and then re-frozen; such a thing would be very damaging to flesh but fine with latex. In 2013, what appeared to be the original model was offered for sale and is now in the Museum of the Weird in Austin, <a href="/wiki/Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Texas">Texas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-sablog_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sablog-22">[21]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33">[32]</a></sup> </p><p>In the Appalachian region, we simply call them "Grandpa gone bad." In spite of their primitive appearance, they are usually fine hands with a homemade still. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>, the Big Grey Man of Ben Macdhui supposedly wanders the Cairngorm Mountains, giving travellers a "very queer" sensation; it may be a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brocken_spectre" class="extiw" title="wp:Brocken spectre" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Brocken spectre">Brocken spectre</span></a><sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup>, which is an entirely incorporeal mirage-like thing and hence unlikely to give you a bear hug.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34">[33]</a></sup> </p><p>On the island of Sumatra as well as the rest of <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a>, there is the Orang Pendek, a bipedal, <a href="/wiki/Ape" class="mw-redirect" title="Ape">ape</a>-like creature with orange fur resembling that of an <a href="/wiki/Orangutan" class="mw-redirect" title="Orangutan">orangutan</a>. These hold the dubious distinction of being the "Bigfoot-wannabe most likely to exist" since everything about their alleged environment, their physiology, and the sheer remoteness of their habitat fits.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35">[34]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36">[35]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37">[36]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38">[37]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39">[38]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40">[39]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41">[40]</a></sup> Unlike almost all other Bigfoot types, Orang Pendek lives in a warm, tropical environment like real primates, are not very large like most real primates, and do not possess supernatural powers much like that of a real primate. Their habitat is so primate-friendly that it's filled with other primates, including the Sumatran orangutan. Indeed, these orangutans are also often known for occasionally walking bipedally, having orange fur, living in the forest, and pretending they're a cryptozoological cryptid called "Orang Pendek" to humans with bad eyesight and overactive imaginations. If by chance Orang Pendek <i>does</i> exist, mainstream zoologists would not be very surprised and the find might lead to some appreciation that modern humans coexist with another bipedal primate, but wouldn't even come close to shattering science as we know it. No, the <i>real</i> fear scientists have is that woo practitioners would latch onto it as proof that Bigfoot does exist after all—we'd never hear the end of it. </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bigfoot&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yeti" title="Yeti">Yeti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skunk_ape" class="mw-redirect" title="Skunk ape">Skunk ape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giant" title="Giant">Giant</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fun:Planet_of_the_Apes" title="Fun:Planet of the Apes">Fun:Planet of the Apes</a></i></li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Sources">Sources</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bigfoot&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Sources">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <ul><li>Daegling, David J., <i>Bigfoot Exposed: An Anthropologist Examines America's Enduring Legend</i>, Altamira Press, 2004, ISBN <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0759105391" title="Special:BookSources/0759105391">0759105391</a></li> <li>Napier, John Russell, <i>Bigfoot: The Sasquatch and Yeti in Myth and Reality</i>, 1973, E.P. Dutton, ISBN <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0525066586" title="Special:BookSources/0525066586">0525066586</a></li> <li>Krantz, Grover S., <i>Big Footprints: A Scientific Inquiry into the Reality of Sasquatch</i>, Johnson Books, 1992, ISBN <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1555660991" title="Special:BookSources/1555660991">1555660991</a></li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bigfoot&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-40892336">"Wandering shaman 'mistaken' for Bigfoot in North Carolina"</a>, <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a> News, 10 August 2017</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vault.fbi.gov/bigfoot/bigfoot-part-01-of-01/view">FBI file on Bigfoot from 1976-77</a></li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Notes">Notes</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bigfoot&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">This doesn't mean that the Americas lack a <i><a href="/wiki/Primate" title="Primate">primate</a></i> presence in the fossil record. Ignoring the existence of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_World_monkeys" class="extiw" title="wp:New World monkeys" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: New World monkeys">New World monkeys</span></a>,<sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> North America was home to a wide variety of primates way back in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eocene" class="extiw" title="wp:Eocene" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Eocene">Eocene</span></a><sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> epoch. However none of these primates could possibly be connected to Bigfoot because for one they have no living descendants, and for two they were not apes nor monkeys. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthropoidea" class="extiw" title="wp:Anthropoidea" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Anthropoidea">Anthropoidea</span></a><sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> only evolved in the Middle Eocene, and most definitely <i>not</i> in North America.</span> </li> </ol></div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bigfoot&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <div class="references-small" style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; font-size:80%;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bigfootencounters.com/classics/walker.htm">Bigfoot Encounters</a>; see also David J. Daenling, <i>Bigfoot Exposed: An Anthropologist Examines America's Enduring Legend</i> (2004), especially Chapter 3, for an overview of the myth's development</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bigfootencounters.com/creatures/jacko.htm">Bigfoot Encounters page on "Jacko"</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Daenling, pp. 30-31</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Daniel Loxton and Donald R. Prothero, <i>Abominable Science! Origins of the Yeti, Nessie and Other Famous Cryptids</i> (2013), pp. 34-35</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.atlasobscura.com/places/ape-canyon">Atlas Obscura article</a>; also Daenling, pp. 32-33, 69-70</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IJjUt2sXo5o">Patterson-Gimlin film (YouTube)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.relativelyinteresting.com/heres-what-the-bigfoot-patterson-gimlin-film-looks-like-when-its-stabilized/">"Patterson and Gimlin Motion Picture 'Bigfoot' Stabilized"</a> by Laura, Relatively Interesting, 2020</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.andybrain.com/archive/bigfoot-video-stabilized.htm">"Kicking Bigfoot - The Patterson Film and M.K. Davis stabilization enhancements"</a> by Andy Kaiser, AndyBrain.com</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jTgALwdNPW4">"Patterson-Gimlin Film HD 60fps (Part 2)"</a> by Mr Luci, Youtube.com, 2022 February 14</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.opb.org/news/article/bigfoot-patterson-gimlin-sasquatch/">Film Introducing Bigfoot To World Still Mysterious 50 Years Later</a>, OPB, Dec. 20, 2017</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.strangecarolinas.com/2015/07/philip-morris-interview-with-man-who.html">Philip Morris: An Interview With The Man Who Birthed Bigfoot</a>, Strange Carolinas, July 2015</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/2004/03/07/the-reliable-source/87511230-07b8-4c97-9424-602dbd413da3/">"Sasquatch Speaks: The Truth Is Out There"</a> by Richard Lei, Washington Post, 2004 March 7</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.skepdic.com/bigfoot.html">The Skepdic entry on Bigfoot</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Lozier, J.D., Aniello, P., and Hickerson, M.J. (2009), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2009.02152.x/abstract">Predicting the distribution of Sasquatch in western North America: anything goes with ecological niche modeling</a>, <i>Journal of Biogeography</i>, volume 36, issue 9, pages 1623-1627. J.D. Lozier's comments: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-u.life.uiuc.edu/~jdlozier/BFENMpress.html">Sasquatch ENM Press</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2708880">/* Errors processing stylesheet [[:Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css]] (rev 2708880): • Invalid or unsupported value for property ⧼code⧽background⧼/code⧽ at line 44 character 14. • Invalid or unsupported value for property ⧼code⧽background⧼/code⧽ at line 50 character 14. • Invalid or unsupported value for property ⧼code⧽background⧼/code⧽ at line 55 character 14. • Invalid or unsupported value for property ⧼code⧽background⧼/code⧽ at line 64 character 14. • Invalid or unsupported value for property ⧼code⧽color⧼/code⧽ at line 96 character 9. • Invalid or unsupported value for property ⧼code⧽color⧼/code⧽ at line 100 character 9. • Invalid media query at line 138 character 8. */ .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFFoxon2024" class="citation journal cs1">Foxon, Floe (2024-01-13). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zslpublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jzo.13148">"Bigfoot: If it's there, could it be a bear?"</a>. <i>Journal of Zoology</i>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fjzo.13148">10.1111/jzo.13148</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0952-8369">0952-8369</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Zoology&rft.atitle=Bigfoot%3A+If+it%27s+there%2C+could+it+be+a+bear%3F&rft.date=2024-01-13&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fjzo.13148&rft.issn=0952-8369&rft.aulast=Foxon&rft.aufirst=Floe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fzslpublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com%2Fdoi%2F10.1111%2Fjzo.13148&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Frationalwiki.org%3ABigfoot" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">John Timmer (January 19, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arstechnica.com/science/2024/01/study-finds-bigfoot-sightings-correlate-with-black-bear-populations/">"Study finds bigfoot sightings correlate with black bear populations"</a>. <i>Ars Technica</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newanimal.org/neandertals.htm">The Cyprtid Zoo: Neaderthals and Neaderthaloids</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">B. Ann Slate, Al Berry <i>Bigfoot</i> Bantam Books, 1976 ISBN 978-0553029680</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kewaunee Lapseritis <i>The Sasquatch People and Their Interdimensional Connection</i> Comanche Spirit Publishing, 2011 ISBN 978-0983369530</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">David Daegling <i>Bigfoot Exposed: An Anthropologist Examines America's Enduring Legend</i> 2004, pp. 197—198</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sablog-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-sablog_22-0">21.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-sablog_22-1">21.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/tetrapod-zoology/the-strange-case-of-the-minnesota-iceman/">The Strange Case of the Minnesota Iceman</a>, Scientific American blog, Jan 2, 2017</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=W3iIDwAAQBAJ&lpg=PA547&ots=26iSCVNuLL&dq=yowie%20cryptid&pg=PA548#v=onepage&q=yowie%20cryptid&f=false">Cryptid Awakening</a>, John Kuykendall, 2019</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mysteriousuniverse.org/2019/02/possible-yowie-hairs-found-caught-on-a-fence-in-queensland/">Possible Yowie Hairs Found Caught on a Fence in Queensland</a>, Paul Seaburn, Mysterious Universe, Feb 2019</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.atlasobscura.com/places/skunk-ape-research-headquarters">Skunk Ape Research Headquarters</a>, Atlas Obscura, accessed 15 July 2019</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">See the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a> article on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dewey_Lake_Monster" class="extiw" title="wp:Dewey Lake Monster" rel="nofollow">Dewey Lake Monster</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pinebarrensinstitute.com/cryptids/2018/8/19/cryptid-profile-the-dewey-lake-monster">Cryptid Profile: the Dewey Lake Monster</a>, Pine Barrens Institute, August 19, 2018</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-28">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">See the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a> article on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mogollon_Monster" class="extiw" title="wp:Mogollon Monster" rel="nofollow">Mogollon Monster</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-29">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">See the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a> article on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Momo_the_Monster" class="extiw" title="wp:Momo the Monster" rel="nofollow">Momo the Monster</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-30">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.singularfortean.com/singularjournal/2019/3/24/momo-the-missouri-monster">Momo, the Missouri Monster</a>, Tobias Wayland, Singular Fortean Society, March 24, 2019</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-31">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">See the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a> article on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wild_Man_of_the_Navidad" class="extiw" title="wp:Wild Man of the Navidad" rel="nofollow">Wild Man of the Navidad</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-32">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">See the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a> article on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Yellow_Top" class="extiw" title="wp:Old Yellow Top" rel="nofollow">Old Yellow Top</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-33">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">See the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a> article on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minnesota_Iceman" class="extiw" title="wp:Minnesota Iceman" rel="nofollow">Minnesota Iceman</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-34">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biggreyman.co.uk/legend.html">The Legend</a>, Big Grey Man, accessed July 16, 2019</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-35">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2708880"/><cite id="CITEREFSmith1924" class="citation news cs1">Smith, Charles A. (1924-11-09). "Reported Find of Missing Link Will Be Probed". Nevada State Journal.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Reported+Find+of+Missing+Link+Will+Be+Probed&rft.date=1924-11-09&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Charles+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Frationalwiki.org%3ABigfoot" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_news" title="Template:Cite news">cite news</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Italic or bold markup not allowed in: <code class="cs1-code">|publisher=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#apostrophe_markup" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-36">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2708880"/><cite id="CITEREFCremo.2C_Michael_A._and_Richard_L._Thompson.1996" class="citation book cs1">Cremo, Michael A. and Richard L. Thompson. (1996). <i><span></span></i>Forbidden Archaeology: The Hidden History of the Human Race<i><span></span></i>. Bhaktivedanta Book Publishing.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Forbidden+Archaeology%3A+The+Hidden+History+of+the+Human+Race&rft.pub=Bhaktivedanta+Book+Publishing&rft.date=1996&rft.au=Cremo%2C+Michael+A.+and+Richard+L.+Thompson.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Frationalwiki.org%3ABigfoot" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-37">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2708880"/><cite id="CITEREFMartyr2003" class="citation web cs1">Martyr, Debbie (2003-10-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090213074536/http://www.rfthomas.clara.net/papers/otherorang.html">"The Other Orang"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a> Wildlife. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rfthomas.clara.net/papers/otherorang.html">the original</a> on 20 September 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2005-05-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Other+Orang&rft.pub=BBC+Wildlife&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.aulast=Martyr&rft.aufirst=Debbie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rfthomas.clara.net%2Fpapers%2Fotherorang.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Frationalwiki.org%3ABigfoot" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|archive-date=</code> / <code class="cs1-code">|archive-url=</code> timestamp mismatch; 13 February 2009 suggested (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#archive_date_url_ts_mismatch" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-38">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2708880"/><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/1628878.stm">"Explorers find 'perfect' yeti tracks"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a> News. 2001-10-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2005-05-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Explorers+find+%27perfect%27+yeti+tracks&rft.date=2001-10-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fengland%2F1628878.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Frationalwiki.org%3ABigfoot" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-39">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2708880"/><cite id="CITEREFGreen2004" class="citation news cs1">Green, David (2004-10-12). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/manchester/3734946.stm">"Evidence of 'jungle yeti' found"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a> News<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2005-05-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Evidence+of+%27jungle+yeti%27+found&rft.date=2004-10-12&rft.aulast=Green&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fengland%2Fmanchester%2F3734946.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Frationalwiki.org%3ABigfoot" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-40">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2708880"/><cite id="CITEREFAllen2002" class="citation book cs1">Allen, Benedict (2002). <i>Hunting the Gugu</i>. Faber and Faber.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hunting+the+Gugu&rft.pub=Faber+and+Faber&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Allen&rft.aufirst=Benedict&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Frationalwiki.org%3ABigfoot" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-41">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2708880"/><cite id="CITEREFFreeman2004" class="citation web cs1">Freeman, Richard (2004-04-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120121163510/http://www.forteantimes.com/features/articles/159/in_search_of_orangpendek.html">"In Search of Orang Pendek"</a>. Fortean Times. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.forteantimes.com/features/articles/159/in_search_of_orangpendek.html">the original</a> on 20 September 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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