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class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_tr.wikipedia.org&uselang=tr" class=""><span>Bağış yapın</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:HesapOlu%C5%9Ftur&returnto=Susam" title="Bir hesap oluşturup oturum açmanız tavsiye edilmektedir ancak bu zorunlu değildir" class=""><span>Hesap oluştur</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" 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href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:Kullan%C4%B1c%C4%B1OturumuA%C3%A7ma&returnto=Susam" title="Oturum açmanız tavsiye edilmektedir; ancak bu zorunlu değildir [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Oturum aç</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Çıkış yapmış editörler için sayfalar <a href="/wiki/Yard%C4%B1m:Giri%C5%9F" aria-label="Değişiklik yapma hakkında daha fazla bilgi edinin"><span>daha fazla bilgi</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:Katk%C4%B1lar%C4%B1m" title="Bu IP adresinden yapılmış değişiklikler listesi [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Katkılar</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:MesajSayfam" title="Bu IP adresindeki düzenlemeler hakkında tartışma [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Mesaj</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="İçindekiler" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">İçindekiler</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">kenar çubuğuna taşı</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">gizle</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Giriş</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Kökenleri_ve_tarihi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kökenleri_ve_tarihi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Kökenleri ve tarihi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kökenleri_ve_tarihi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Botanik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Botanik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Botanik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Botanik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Susam_yağı" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Susam_yağı"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Susam yağı</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Susam_yağı-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Susam yağı alt bölümünü aç/kapa</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Susam_yağı-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Dermatolojide_susam_yağı" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dermatolojide_susam_yağı"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Dermatolojide susam yağı</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dermatolojide_susam_yağı-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Resim_galerisi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Resim_galerisi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Resim galerisi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Resim_galerisi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kaynakça" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kaynakça"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Kaynakça</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kaynakça-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dış_bağlantılar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dış_bağlantılar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Dış bağlantılar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dış_bağlantılar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="İçindekiler" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="İçindekiler tablosunu değiştir" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">İçindekiler tablosunu değiştir</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Susam</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Başka bir dildeki sayfaya gidin. 115 dilde mevcut" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-115" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">115 dil</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="seçkin madde"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sesam" title="Sesam - Afrikaanca" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Sesam" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%B0%E1%88%8A%E1%8C%A5" title="ሰሊጥ - Amharca" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሰሊጥ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%85" title="سمسم - Arapça" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سمسم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arapça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%AB%DC%98%DC%AB%DC%A1%DC%AC%DC%90" title="ܫܘܫܡܬܐ - Aramice" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܫܘܫܡܬܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramice" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%85" title="سمسم - Mısır Arapçası" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سمسم" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Mısır Arapçası" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2" title="তিল - Assamca" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="তিল" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sesamum_indicum" title="Sesamum indicum - Asturyasça" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Sesamum indicum" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturyasça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hind_k%C3%BCnc%C3%BCt%C3%BC" title="Hind küncütü - Azerbaycan dili" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Hind küncütü" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaycan dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AC_%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%92%D8%AA%D9%88" title="هیند کونج اوْتو - South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="هیند کونج اوْتو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenga" title="Lenga - Bali dili" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Lenga" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Bali dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langa" title="Langa - Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Langa" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B6%D1%83%D1%82" title="Кунжут - Belarusça" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Кунжут" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Обикновен сусам - Bulgarca" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Обикновен сусам" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2" title="তিল - Bengalce" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="তিল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengalce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susam" title="Susam - Boşnakça" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Susam" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Boşnakça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A8sam" title="Sèsam - Katalanca" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Sèsam" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ci%C4%95-mu%C3%A0i" title="Ciĕ-muài - Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Ciĕ-muài" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sesamum_indicum" title="Sesamum indicum - Sebuano dili" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Sesamum indicum" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Sebuano dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sezam_indick%C3%BD" title="Sezam indický - Çekçe" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Sezam indický" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Çekçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sesame" title="Sesame - Galce" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Sesame" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Galce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sesam" title="Sesam - Danca" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Sesam" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zinzam" title="Zinzam - Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Zinzam" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sesam" title="Sesam - Almanca" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sesam" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Almanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-din mw-list-item"><a href="https://din.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyu%C9%94%CC%88m" title="Nyuɔ̈m - Dinka dili" lang="din" hreflang="din" data-title="Nyuɔ̈m" data-language-autonym="Thuɔŋjäŋ" data-language-local-name="Dinka dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Thuɔŋjäŋ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunc%C4%B1" title="Kuncı - Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Kuncı" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%8C%DE%A8%DE%8D%DE%AC%DE%94%DE%AE%DE%86%DE%AF%DE%85%DE%A8" title="ތިލެޔޮކޯޅި - Divehi dili" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ތިލެޔޮކޯޅި" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%83%CE%AC%CE%BC%CE%B9" title="Σουσάμι - Yunanca" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σουσάμι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sesame" title="Sesame - İngilizce" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Sesame" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="İngilizce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindia_sezamo" title="Hindia sezamo - Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Hindia sezamo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sesamum_indicum" title="Sesamum indicum - İspanyolca" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sesamum indicum" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="İspanyolca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harilik_seesam" title="Harilik seesam - Estonca" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Harilik seesam" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sesamo" title="Sesamo - Baskça" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Sesamo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%AF" title="کنجد - Farsça" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کنجد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Farsça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noomeeri" title="Noomeeri - Fula dili" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Noomeeri" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="Fula dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seesami" title="Seesami - Fince" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Seesami" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fince" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9same" title="Sésame - Fransızca" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sésame" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Fransızca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seasaman" title="Seasaman - İrlandaca" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Seasaman" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="İrlandaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9samo" title="Sésamo - Galiçyaca" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Sésamo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galiçyaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B3" title="तीळ - Goa Konkanicesi" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="तीळ" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goa Konkanicesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%B2" title="તલ - Güceratça" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="તલ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Güceratça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ri%C9%97i" title="Riɗi - Hausa dili" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Riɗi" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%9D" title="שומשום - İbranice" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שומשום" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="İbranice" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2" title="तिल - Hintçe" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="तिल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hintçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indijski_sezam" title="Indijski sezam - Hırvatça" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Indijski sezam" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Hırvatça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiski_sezam" title="Indiski sezam - Yukarı Sorbça" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Indiski sezam" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Yukarı Sorbça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wowoli" title="Wowoli - Haiti Kreyolu" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Wowoli" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haiti Kreyolu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%94%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%BB%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9" title="Քունջութ - Ermenice" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Քունջութ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Ermenice" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wijen" title="Wijen - Endonezce" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Wijen" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Endonezce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sezamo" title="Sezamo - Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Sezamo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sesamjurt" title="Sesamjurt - İzlandaca" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Sesamjurt" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="İzlandaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sesamum_indicum" title="Sesamum indicum - İtalyanca" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sesamum indicum" data-language-autonym="İtaliano" data-language-local-name="İtalyanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>İtaliano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B4%E3%83%9E" title="ゴマ - Japonca" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ゴマ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wij%C3%A8n" title="Wijèn - Cava dili" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Wijèn" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Cava dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuut_(a%CC%B1tyin_a%CC%B1ga%CC%B1fi%CC%B1p)" title="Kuut (a̱tyin a̱ga̱fi̱p) - Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Kuut (a̱tyin a̱ga̱fi̱p)" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9B%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%84" title="ល្ង - Khmer dili" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ល្ង" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%8E%E0%B2%B3%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B3%E0%B3%81" title="ಎಳ್ಳು - Kannada dili" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಎಳ್ಳು" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B0%B8%EA%B9%A8" title="참깨 - Korece" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="참깨" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korece" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunc%C3%AE" title="Kuncî - Kürtçe" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Kuncî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kürtçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B6%D1%83%D1%82" title="Кунжут - Kırgızca" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Кунжут" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kırgızca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sesamum_indicum" title="Sesamum indicum - Latince" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Sesamum indicum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latince" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wangila" title="Wangila - Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Wangila" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indinis_sezamas" title="Indinis sezamas - Litvanca" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Indinis sezamas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litvanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sezams" title="Sezams - Letonca" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Sezams" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bijjh%C3%A2n" title="Bijjhân - Madura Dili" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Bijjhân" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="Madura Dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2" title="कारी तिल - Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="कारी तिल" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antsingeny" title="Antsingeny - Malgaşça" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Antsingeny" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malgaşça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Сусам - Makedonca" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Сусам" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%8E%E0%B4%B3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B3%E0%B5%8D" title="എള്ള് - Malayalam dili" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="എള്ള്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B3" title="तीळ - Marathi dili" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="तीळ" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bijan" title="Bijan - Malayca" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bijan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malayca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%94%E1%80%BE%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="နှမ်း - Birman dili" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="နှမ်း" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Birman dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%DB%8C" title="کانجی - Mazenderanca" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="کانجی" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazenderanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2" title="कालो तिल - Nepalce" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="कालो तिल" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepalce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sesam" title="Sesam - Felemenkçe" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sesam" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Felemenkçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sesam" title="Sesam - Norveççe Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sesam" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norveççe Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sesam" title="Sesam - Norveççe Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sesam" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norveççe Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sesam" title="Sesam - Oksitan dili" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Sesam" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Oksitan dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B2" title="ਤਿਲ - Pencapça" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਤਿਲ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pencapça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langis" title="Langis - Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Langis" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sezam_indyjski" title="Sezam indyjski - Lehçe" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Sezam indyjski" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Lehçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DD%AA" title="تݪ - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="تݪ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sesamum_indicum" title="Sesamum indicum - Portekizce" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Sesamum indicum" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portekizce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susan" title="Susan - Rumence" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Susan" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumence" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susami" title="Susami - Ulahça" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Susami" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Ulahça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B6%D1%83%D1%82_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Кунжут индийский - Rusça" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кунжут индийский" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%83" title="तिलः - Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="तिलः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sesamum_indicum" title="Sesamum indicum - Sicilyaca" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Sesamum indicum" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilyaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sesame" title="Sesame - İskoçça" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Sesame" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="İskoçça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1_(%D9%BB%D8%AC)" title="تر (ٻج) - Sindhi dili" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="تر (ٻج)" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sg mw-list-item"><a href="https://sg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sindi" title="Sindi - Sango" lang="sg" hreflang="sg" data-title="Sindi" data-language-autonym="Sängö" data-language-local-name="Sango" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sängö</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sezam" title="Sezam - Sırp-Hırvat Dili" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Sezam" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Sırp-Hırvat Dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%BD_(%E0%B6%87%E0%B6%A7_%E0%B6%86%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%A7_%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8F)" title="තල (ඇට ආහාරයට ගන්නා) - Sinhali dili" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="තල (ඇට ආහාරයට ගන්නා)" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhali dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sesame" title="Sesame - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Sesame" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sezam_indick%C3%BD" title="Sezam indický - Slovakça" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Sezam indický" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovakça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susami" title="Susami - Arnavutça" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Susami" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Arnavutça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Сусам - Sırpça" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Сусам" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Sırpça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abongra" title="Abongra - Sranan Tongo" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Abongra" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="Sranan Tongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wij%C3%A9n" title="Wijén - Sunda dili" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Wijén" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sunda dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sesam_(v%C3%A4xt)" title="Sesam (växt) - İsveççe" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sesam (växt)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="İsveççe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ufuta" title="Ufuta - Svahili dili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Ufuta" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Svahili dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%8E%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="எள் - Tamilce" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="எள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamilce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" title="నువ్వులు - Telugu dili" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="నువ్వులు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BD%D2%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Кунҷид - Tacikçe" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Кунҷид" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tacikçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%B2_(%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%8A)" title="งา (พืช) - Tayca" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="งา (พืช)" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Tayca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linga" title="Linga - Tagalogca" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Linga" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalogca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%DB%88%D9%86%D8%AC%DB%88%D8%AA%D9%84%DB%88%D9%83_%D9%83%DB%87%D9%85%DB%87%D9%84%DB%95%D9%83" title="كۈنجۈتلۈك كۇمۇلەك - Uygurca" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="كۈنجۈتلۈك كۇمۇلەك" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uygurca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B6%D1%83%D1%82_%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Кунжут індійський - Ukraynaca" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кунжут індійський" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraynaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%84" title="تل - Urduca" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="تل" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urduca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunjut" title="Kunjut - Özbekçe" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kunjut" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Özbekçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%E1%BB%ABng" title="Vừng - Vietnamca" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Vừng" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sesam" title="Sesam - Batı Flamanca" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Sesam" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="Batı Flamanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8A%9D%E9%BA%BB" title="芝麻 - Wu Çincesi" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="芝麻" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Çincesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lwgraz" title="Lwgraz - Zhuangca" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Lwgraz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuangca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8A%9D%E9%BA%BB" title="芝麻 - Çince" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="芝麻" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Çince" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8A%9D%E8%94%B4" title="芝蔴 - Kantonca" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="芝蔴" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2763698#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Dillerarası bağlantıları değiştir" class="wbc-editpage">Bağlantıları değiştir</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ad alanları"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Susam" title="İçerik sayfasını göster [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Madde</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Tart%C4%B1%C5%9Fma:Susam" rel="discussion" title="İçerik ile ilgili tartışma [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Tartışma</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Dil varyantını değiştir" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Türkçe</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Görünüm"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Susam"><span>Oku</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Susam&veaction=edit" title="Bu sayfayı değiştir [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Değiştir</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Susam&action=edit" title="Bu sayfanın kaynak kodunu düzenleyin [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Kaynağı değiştir</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Susam&action=history" title="Bu sayfanın geçmiş sürümleri [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Geçmişi gör</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sayfa araçları"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Araçlar" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Araçlar</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Araçlar</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">kenar çubuğuna taşı</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">gizle</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Daha fazla seçenek" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Eylemler </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Susam"><span>Oku</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Susam&veaction=edit" title="Bu sayfayı değiştir [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Değiştir</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Susam&action=edit" title="Bu sayfanın kaynak kodunu düzenleyin [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Kaynağı değiştir</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Susam&action=history"><span>Geçmişi gör</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Genel </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:SayfayaBa%C4%9Flant%C4%B1lar/Susam" title="Bu sayfaya bağlantı vermiş tüm viki sayfalarının listesi [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Sayfaya bağlantılar</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:%C4%B0lgiliDe%C4%9Fi%C5%9Fiklikler/Susam" rel="nofollow" title="Bu sayfadan bağlantı verilen sayfalardaki son değişiklikler [k]" accesskey="k"><span>İlgili değişiklikler</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:%C3%96zelSayfalar" title="Tüm özel sayfaların listesi [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Özel sayfalar</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Susam&oldid=32844554" title="Bu sayfanın bu revizyonuna kalıcı bağlantı"><span>Kalıcı bağlantı</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Susam&action=info" title="Bu sayfa hakkında daha fazla bilgi"><span>Sayfa bilgisi</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:KaynakG%C3%B6ster&page=Susam&id=32844554&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Bu sayfadan nasıl kaynak göstereceği hakkında bilgi"><span>Bu sayfayı kaynak göster</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSusam"><span>Kısaltılmış URL'yi al</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSusam"><span>Karekodu indir</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Yazdır/dışa aktar </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:Kitap&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Susam"><span>Bir kitap oluştur</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:DownloadAsPdf&page=Susam&action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF olarak indir</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Susam&printable=yes" title="Bu sayfanın basılmaya uygun sürümü [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Basılmaya uygun görünüm</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Diğer projelerde </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sesamum_indicum" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-species mw-list-item"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Sesamum_indicum" hreflang="en"><span>Vikitür</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2763698" title="Veri havuzundaki ilgili ögeye bağlantı [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Vikiveri ögesi</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sayfa araçları"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Görünüm"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" 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<tbody><tr> <th style="text-align:center;background: rgb(180,250,180);"><b>Susam</b> </th></tr> <tr> <td><div class="center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Sesamum_indicum_drawing.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Sesamum_indicum_drawing.jpg/220px-Sesamum_indicum_drawing.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="311" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Sesamum_indicum_drawing.jpg/330px-Sesamum_indicum_drawing.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Sesamum_indicum_drawing.jpg/440px-Sesamum_indicum_drawing.jpg 2x" data-file-width="642" data-file-height="907" /></a></span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:center;background: rgb(180,250,180);"><b><a href="/wiki/Biyolojik_s%C4%B1n%C4%B1fland%C4%B1rma" class="mw-redirect" title="Biyolojik sınıflandırma">Biyolojik sınıflandırma</a></b> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td> <table style="width: 100%; white-space: nowrap; display:table !important;"> <tbody><tr valign="top"> <td>Âlem: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bitki" title="Bitki">Plantae</a><br /><small></small> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Bölüm: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kapal%C4%B1_tohumlular" title="Kapalı tohumlular">Magnoliophyta</a> <br /><small>(Kapalı tohumlular)</small><br /><small></small> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Sınıf: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0ki_%C3%A7enekliler" title="İki çenekliler">Magnoliopsida</a> <br /><small>(İki çenekliler)</small><br /><small></small> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Takım: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lamiales" title="Lamiales">Lamiales</a><br /><small></small> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Familya: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pedaliaceae" title="Pedaliaceae">Pedaliaceae</a><br /><small></small> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Cins: </td> <td><i><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sesamum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sesamum (sayfa mevcut değil)">Sesamum</a></b></i><br /><small></small> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Tür: </td> <td><span style="white-space: nowrap"><i><b>S. indicum</b></i></span><br /><small></small> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr style="background: rgb(180,250,180)"> <th><div class="center"><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0kili_adland%C4%B1rma" title="İkili adlandırma">İkili adlandırma</a></div> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td><div class="center"><i><b>Sesamum indicum</b></i><br /><small><a href="/wiki/Carolus_Linnaeus" class="mw-redirect" title="Carolus Linnaeus">L.</a></small></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Susam</b> ya da <b>Küncü</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pedeliaceae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pedeliaceae (sayfa mevcut değil)">Pedeliaceae</a> <a href="/wiki/Familya" title="Familya">familyasına</a> ait, (<i>Sesamum indicum</i>)<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sesamum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sesamum (sayfa mevcut değil)">Sesamum</a></i> cinsinden anavatanı <a href="/wiki/Afrika" title="Afrika">Afrika</a> olan çiçekli bir bitki <a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCr" title="Tür">türüdür</a>. Afrika'da çok sayıda vahşi akrabası vardır ve Hindistan'da ise daha az sayıdadır. Dünya'da tropik bölgelerde yaygın olarak <a href="/w/index.php?title=Do%C4%9Falla%C5%9Ft%C4%B1rma_(biyoloji)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doğallaştırma (biyoloji) (sayfa mevcut değil)">doğallaştırılmış</a> ve tohum kapsüllerinde yetişen yenilebilir tohumları için yetiştirilir. 2018'deki dünya üretim miktarı, <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Hindistan" title="Hindistan">Hindistan</a>'ın en büyük üreticiler olduğu 6 milyon <a href="/wiki/Ton_(birim)" title="Ton (birim)">ton</a> idi.<sup id="cite_ref-faostat_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-faostat-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Susam tohumu bilinen en eski <a href="/wiki/Ya%C4%9Fl%C4%B1" class="mw-disambig" title="Yağlı">yağlı</a> ürünlerden biridir ve 3000 yıldan uzun bir süre önce evcilleştirilmiştir. "Sesamum"un çoğu vahşi ve <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sahra-alt%C4%B1_Afrika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sahra-altı Afrika (sayfa mevcut değil)">Sahra-altı Afrika</a>'ya özgü birçok başka türü vardır. <i>S. indicum,</i> ekilen türü, Hindistan'da doğdu<sup id="cite_ref-Y._P._S._Bajaj_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Y._P._S._Bajaj-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ve diğer mahsullerin başarısız olduğu yerlerde yetişen kuraklık benzeri koşullara toleranslıdır.<sup id="cite_ref-rram_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rram-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-drl2_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-drl2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Susam, en yüksek yağ içerikli tohumlardan biridir. Zengin, cevizimsi tada sahip, dünya çapında mutfaklarda yaygın kullanılan bir malzemedir.<sup id="cite_ref-rhan_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rhan-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-esopl_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-esopl-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Diğer tohumlar ve gıdalar gibi, bazı insanlarda <a href="/wiki/Alerji" title="Alerji">alerjik</a> reaksiyonları tetikleyebilir. </p><p>Asya, Avrupa ve Türkiye'nin sıcak bölgelerinde tarımı yapılır. Kapsül meyvelerinin içinde çok sayıda <a href="/wiki/Tohum" title="Tohum">tohum</a> bulunur ve bunlar <a href="/wiki/Baharat" title="Baharat">baharat</a> olarak kullanılır. <a href="/wiki/Simit_(yiyecek)" class="mw-redirect" title="Simit (yiyecek)">Simit</a>, çörek üzerlerine konur. Susam, <a href="/wiki/Tahin" title="Tahin">tahinin</a> ana maddesidir. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kökenleri_ve_tarihi"><span id="K.C3.B6kenleri_ve_tarihi"></span>Kökenleri ve tarihi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Susam&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Kökenleri ve tarihi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Susam&action=edit&section=1" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Kökenleri ve tarihi"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Susam tohumu, insanlık tarafından bilinen en eski <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ya%C4%9Fl%C4%B1_tohum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yağlı tohum (sayfa mevcut değil)">yağlı tohum</a> mahsulü olarak kabul edilir.<sup id="cite_ref-rram_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rram-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cinsin birçok türü vardır ve çoğu vahşidir. "Sesamum" cinsinin çoğu vahşi türü, Sahra altı Afrika'ya özgüdür. <i>S. indicum,</i> ekili tipi,<sup id="cite_ref-Y._P._S._Bajaj_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Y._P._S._Bajaj-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hindistan kökenlidir.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Arkeolojik kalıntılar, susamın ilk kez 5500 yıl önce <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hint_alt_k%C4%B1tas%C4%B1nda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hint alt kıtasında (sayfa mevcut değil)">Hint alt kıtasında</a> evcilleştirildiğini gösterir.<sup id="cite_ref-Sesame_Coordinators_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sesame_Coordinators-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Arkeolojik kazılarda ele geçen kömürleşmiş susam kalıntıları MÖ 3500-3050 yıllarına tarihlendirilmiştir.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fuller, Mezopotamya ile Hindistan alt kıtası arasında susam ticaretinin MÖ 2000'de gerçekleştiğini iddia eder.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0ndus_Vadisi_Uygarl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="İndus Vadisi Uygarlığı">İndus Vadisi Uygarlığı</a>'nın <a href="/wiki/Susam_ya%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Susam yağı">susam yağını</a> <a href="/wiki/Mezopotamya" title="Mezopotamya">Mezopotamya</a>'ya ihraç etmiş olması mümkündür, burada <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCmer_dili" class="mw-redirect" title="Sümer dili">Sümerce</a>'de <i>ilu</i> ve ' <a href="/wiki/Akad_dili" class="mw-redirect" title="Akad dili">Akad dili</a>'nde 'ellu<i> denirdi.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></i> </p><p>Bazı raporlar susamın Mısır'da <a href="/wiki/Ptolemaios_Krall%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Ptolemaios Krallığı">Ptolemaios dönemi</a> sırasında ekildiğini iddia ederken,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> diğerleri <a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C4%B1s%C4%B1r%27%C4%B1n_Yeni_Krall%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mısır'ın Yeni Krallığı (sayfa mevcut değil)">Yeni Krallık</a>'ı öne sürer.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Serpico,_White_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Serpico,_White-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mısırlılar buna <i>sesemt</i> adını verdiler ve 3600 yıldan daha eski tarihli <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ebers_Papyrus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ebers Papyrus (sayfa mevcut değil)">Ebers Papyrus</a>' parşömenlerinde tıbbi ilaçlar listesine dahil edildi. Kral Tutankamon'un kazıları, diğer mezar eşyalarının yanı sıra susam sepetlerini ortaya çıkardı, bu da susamın MÖ 1350'ye kadar Mısır'da bulunduğunu düşündürür.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Arkeolojik raporlar, susamın en az 2750 yıl önce <a href="/wiki/Urartu" class="mw-redirect" title="Urartu">Urartu</a> imparatorluğunda yağ çıkarmak için yetiştirildiğini ve preslendiğini gösterir.<sup id="cite_ref-esopl_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-esopl-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Sesame_Coordinators_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sesame_Coordinators-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Diğerleri bunun <a href="/wiki/Etiyopya" title="Etiyopya">Etiyopya</a> kaynaklı olabileceğine inanır.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></i> </p><p>Susamın tarihi kökeni, diğer mahsullerin büyümesini desteklemeyen alanlarda yetişme kabiliyeti ile desteklenmiştir. Aynı zamanda çok az çiftçilik desteğine ihtiyaç duyan sağlam bir mahsuldür - kuraklık koşullarında, yüksek sıcaklıkta, musonlar geçtikten sonra veya hatta yağmurlar azaldığında veya yağmurlar aşırı olduğunda toprakta kalan nem ile büyür. Başka hiçbir ürünün yetişmediği çöllerin kenarında, geçimlik çiftçiler tarafından yetiştirilebilecek bir üründü. Susam hayatta kalan bir ürün olarak adlandırılmıştır.<sup id="cite_ref-drl2_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-drl2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Botanik">Botanik</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Susam&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Botanik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Susam&action=edit&section=2" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Botanik"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Flower_of_Sesamum_indicum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Flower_of_Sesamum_indicum.jpg/220px-Flower_of_Sesamum_indicum.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Flower_of_Sesamum_indicum.jpg/330px-Flower_of_Sesamum_indicum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Flower_of_Sesamum_indicum.jpg/440px-Flower_of_Sesamum_indicum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1333" /></a><figcaption><i>S. indicum</i> çiçeği</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Sesame_in_Hainan_-_05.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Sesame_in_Hainan_-_05.JPG/220px-Sesame_in_Hainan_-_05.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Sesame_in_Hainan_-_05.JPG/330px-Sesame_in_Hainan_-_05.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Sesame_in_Hainan_-_05.JPG/440px-Sesame_in_Hainan_-_05.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Susam tohumu kapsülü</figcaption></figure> <p>Susam, 50 ila 100 cm (1,6 ila 3,3 ft) boyunda büyüyen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Y%C4%B1ll%C4%B1k_bitki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yıllık bitki (sayfa mevcut değil)">yıllık bitkidir</a>, zıt yaprakları 4 ila 14 santimetre (1,6 ila 5,5 in)<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Yard%C4%B1m:D%C3%B6n%C3%BC%C5%9Ft%C3%BCrme_mesajlar%C4%B1#geçersiz_seçenek" title="Yardım:Dönüştürme mesajları"><span title="Dönüştürme: Geçersiz "kısalt=on" seçeneği görmezden gelindi">*</span></a></sup> tüm kenar boşluğuyla uzun; bunlar geniş <a href="/wiki/Han%C3%A7er" title="Hançer">hançer</a> şekillidir ve 5 santimetre (2 in)<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Yard%C4%B1m:D%C3%B6n%C3%BC%C5%9Ft%C3%BCrme_mesajlar%C4%B1#geçersiz_seçenek" title="Yardım:Dönüştürme mesajları"><span title="Dönüştürme: Geçersiz "kısaltma=on" seçeneği görmezden gelindi">*</span></a></sup> genişliğinde, bitkinin tabanında, çiçekli gövdede genişliği 1 cm (0,4 in)'eye düşer. </p><p>Çiçekleri boru şeklinde, 3 ila 5 santimetre (1,2 ila 2,0 in)<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Yard%C4%B1m:D%C3%B6n%C3%BC%C5%9Ft%C3%BCrme_mesajlar%C4%B1#geçersiz_seçenek" title="Yardım:Dönüştürme mesajları"><span title="Dönüştürme: Geçersiz "kısaltma=on" seçeneği görmezden gelindi">*</span></a></sup> uzunluğundadır ve dört loblu ağzı vardır. Çiçeklerin rengi değişebilir, bazıları beyaz, mavi veya mor olabilir. Susam tohumları, çeşidine bağlı olarak birçok renkte bulunur. En çok ticareti yapılan susam çeşidi kirli beyaz renklidir. Diğer yaygın renkler devetüyü, ten rengi, altın, kahverengi, kırmızımsı, gri ve siyahtır. Gövde ve meyve rengi aynıdır.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Kaynak_g%C3%B6sterme" title="Vikipedi:Kaynak gösterme"><span title="(March 2021)">kaynak belirtilmeli</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Leiden_University_Library_-_Seikei_Zusetsu_vol._20,_page_006_-_%E8%83%A1%E9%BA%BB_-_Sesamum_indicum_L.,_1804.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Leiden_University_Library_-_Seikei_Zusetsu_vol._20%2C_page_006_-_%E8%83%A1%E9%BA%BB_-_Sesamum_indicum_L.%2C_1804.jpg/220px-Leiden_University_Library_-_Seikei_Zusetsu_vol._20%2C_page_006_-_%E8%83%A1%E9%BA%BB_-_Sesamum_indicum_L.%2C_1804.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Leiden_University_Library_-_Seikei_Zusetsu_vol._20%2C_page_006_-_%E8%83%A1%E9%BA%BB_-_Sesamum_indicum_L.%2C_1804.jpg/330px-Leiden_University_Library_-_Seikei_Zusetsu_vol._20%2C_page_006_-_%E8%83%A1%E9%BA%BB_-_Sesamum_indicum_L.%2C_1804.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Leiden_University_Library_-_Seikei_Zusetsu_vol._20%2C_page_006_-_%E8%83%A1%E9%BA%BB_-_Sesamum_indicum_L.%2C_1804.jpg/440px-Leiden_University_Library_-_Seikei_Zusetsu_vol._20%2C_page_006_-_%E8%83%A1%E9%BA%BB_-_Sesamum_indicum_L.%2C_1804.jpg 2x" data-file-width="533" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seikei_Zusetsu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seikei Zusetsu (sayfa mevcut değil)">Seikei Zusetsu</a> tarım ansiklopedisinden Susam Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.</figcaption></figure> <p>Susam meyvesi, normalde tüylü, dikdörtgen kesitli ve tipik olarak kısa, üçgen gagalı bir yivli bir kapsüldür. Meyve kapsülünün uzunluğu 2 ila 8 cm, genişliği 0.5 ila 2.0 cm arasındadır ve lokuli sayısı 4 ila 12 arasında değişir. Meyve çeşidine bağlı olarak doğal şekilde (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Botanik_(botanik)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Botanik (botanik) (sayfa mevcut değil)">dehisces)</a>)'i bölüp açar, tohumlar septa boyunca yukarıdan aşağıya ya da iki apikal gözenek vasıtasıyla ayrılarak serbest bırakılır. İlk kapsülün yerleştirme yüksekliği kadar açılma derecesi de mekanize hasat için yetiştirmede önemlidir.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Kaynak_g%C3%B6sterme" title="Vikipedi:Kaynak gösterme"><span title="(March 2021)">kaynak belirtilmeli</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Susam tohumları küçüktür. Boyutları bilinen binlerce çeşide göre değişir. Genellikle, tohumlar yaklaşık 3 ila 4 mm uzunluğunda, 2 mm genişliğinde ve 1 mm kalınlığındadır. Tohumlar ovaldir, hafifçe basıktır ve tohumun gözünde (hilum) karşı uca göre biraz daha incedir. 100 tohumun kütlesi 0.203 g'dır.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tohum kabuğu (testa) düz veya nervürlü olabilir.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Kaynak_g%C3%B6sterme" title="Vikipedi:Kaynak gösterme"><span title="(March 2021)">kaynak belirtilmeli</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Susam_yağı"><span id="Susam_ya.C4.9F.C4.B1"></span>Susam yağı</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Susam&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Susam yağı" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Susam&action=edit&section=3" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Susam yağı"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Türün yağından yemeklik yağ olarak yararlanıldığı gibi, küspesi de hayvan yemi olarak kullanılır. Susam yağı, soluk sarı renkli, kokusuz, <a href="/wiki/Alkol" title="Alkol">alkolde</a> az, eter ve petrol eterinde kolayca çözünen bir sıvıdır. Yağ, tohumların %50'sini oluşturur. Tıpta bazı preparatların hazırlanmasında <a href="/wiki/Zeytinya%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Zeytinyağı">zeytinyağı</a> gibi çok eskiden beri çözücü olarak kullanılır. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dermatolojide_susam_yağı"><span id="Dermatolojide_susam_ya.C4.9F.C4.B1"></span>Dermatolojide susam yağı</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Susam&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Dermatolojide susam yağı" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Susam&action=edit&section=4" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Dermatolojide susam yağı"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Susam yağı, bakım için kaş, kirpik ve saçlara uygulanabilir. Saç kırılmalarını engeller ve selülit için oldukça faydalıdır.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;"></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Resim_galerisi">Resim galerisi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Susam&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Resim galerisi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Susam&action=edit&section=5" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Resim galerisi"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed-hover"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Simit-2x.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Susamlarla kaplı bir simit."><img alt="Susamlarla kaplı bir simit." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Simit-2x.JPG/240px-Simit-2x.JPG" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Simit-2x.JPG/360px-Simit-2x.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Simit-2x.JPG/480px-Simit-2x.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 140px"><div class="gallerytext">Susamlarla kaplı bir simit.</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Sesame(zbior).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tayland'da susam hasatı"><img alt="Tayland'da susam hasatı" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Sesame%28zbior%29.jpg/240px-Sesame%28zbior%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Sesame%28zbior%29.jpg/360px-Sesame%28zbior%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/Sesame%28zbior%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="360" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 140px"><div class="gallerytext">Tayland'da susam hasatı</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 156.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 154.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Sesame-Seeds.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kurumuş susam tohumları"><img alt="Kurumuş susam tohumları" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Sesame-Seeds.jpg/232px-Sesame-Seeds.jpg" decoding="async" width="155" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Sesame-Seeds.jpg/348px-Sesame-Seeds.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Sesame-Seeds.jpg/464px-Sesame-Seeds.jpg 2x" data-file-width="948" data-file-height="735" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 135px"><div class="gallerytext">Kurumuş susam tohumları</div> </div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kaynakça"><span id="Kaynak.C3.A7a"></span>Kaynakça</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Susam&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Kaynakça" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Susam&action=edit&section=6" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Kaynakça"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r32805677">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-count:2}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-count:3}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-faostat-1"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-faostat_1-0">^</a></strong> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="tr" dir="ltr"><span style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 75%; color:inherit;">Kaynak hatası:</span> <span style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 75%; color:inherit;">Geçersiz <code><ref></code> etiketi; <code>faostat</code> isimli refler için metin sağlanmadı (Bkz: <a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Kaynak_g%C3%B6sterme" title="Vikipedi:Kaynak gösterme">Kaynak gösterme</a>)</span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-Y._P._S._Bajaj-2"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-Y._P._S._Bajaj_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Y._P._S._Bajaj_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap">T. Ogasawara, k.Chiba, m.Tada in (Y. P. S. Bajaj ed ) (1988). <i>Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Volume 10</i>. Springer, 1988. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-3-540-62727-2" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-3-540-62727-2">978-3-540-62727-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Medicinal+and+Aromatic+Plants%2C+Volume+10&rft.pub=Springer%2C+1988&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-3-540-62727-2&rft.au=T.+Ogasawara%2C+k.Chiba%2C+m.Tada+in+%28Y.+P.+S.+Bajaj+ed+%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ASusam" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">KB1 bakım: Birden fazla ad: yazar listesi (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:KB1_bak%C4%B1m:_Birden_fazla_ad:_yazar_listesi" title="Kategori:KB1 bakım: Birden fazla ad: yazar listesi">link</a>) </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rram-3"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-rram_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rram_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web">Raghav Ram; David Catlin; Juan Romero; Craig Cowley (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19990203070330/http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/proceedings1990/v1-225.html">"Sesame: New Approaches for Crop Improvement"</a>. Purdue University. 3 Şubat 1999 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/proceedings1990/v1-225.html">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sesame%3A+New+Approaches+for+Crop+Improvement&rft.pub=Purdue+University&rft.date=1990&rft.au=Raghav+Ram&rft.au=David+Catlin&rft.au=Juan+Romero&rft.au=Craig+Cowley&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hort.purdue.edu%2Fnewcrop%2Fproceedings1990%2Fv1-225.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ASusam" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-drl2-4"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-drl2_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-drl2_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web">D. Ray Langham. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110628021818/http://www.sesamegrowers.org/langham144-182.pdf">"Phenology of Sesame"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. American Sesame Growers Association. 28 Haziran 2011 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sesamegrowers.org/langham144-182.pdf">kaynağından</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> arşivlendi.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Phenology+of+Sesame&rft.pub=American+Sesame+Growers+Association&rft.au=D.+Ray+Langham&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sesamegrowers.org%2Flangham144-182.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ASusam" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rhan-5"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-rhan_5-0">^</a></strong> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="tr" dir="ltr"><span style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 75%; color:inherit;">Kaynak hatası:</span> <span style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 75%; color:inherit;">Geçersiz <code><ref></code> etiketi; <code>rhan</code> isimli refler için metin sağlanmadı (Bkz: <a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Kaynak_g%C3%B6sterme" title="Vikipedi:Kaynak gösterme">Kaynak gösterme</a>)</span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-esopl-6"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-esopl_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-esopl_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web">E.S. Oplinger; D.H. Putnam. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20010122023400/http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/afcm/sesame.html">"Sesame"</a>. Purdue University. 22 Ocak 2001 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/afcm/sesame.html">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sesame&rft.pub=Purdue+University&rft.au=E.S.+Oplinger&rft.au=D.H.+Putnam&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hort.purdue.edu%2Fnewcrop%2Fafcm%2Fsesame.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ASusam" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><i>Proceedings of the Harlan Symposium</i> 1997- <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.bioversityinternational.org/publications/Web_version/47/begin.htm">The Origins of Agriculture and Crop Domestication</a> 27 Mayıs 2012 tarihinde <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> sitesinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120527094040/http://www2.bioversityinternational.org/publications/Web_version/47/begin.htm">arşivlendi</a>. Retrieved 2012-06-17</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap">Dorothea Bedigian, (Ed.) (2010). <i>Sesame: The genus Sesamum</i>. CRC Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0-8493-3538-9" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0-8493-3538-9">978-0-8493-3538-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sesame%3A+The+genus+Sesamum&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-8493-3538-9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ASusam" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text">D Zohary, M Hopf – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=C1H6_XWJS_gC&pg=PA140&dq=wild+sesame+native&hl=en&sa=X&ei=2_zdT6j0Dc2s8QObpLm_Cw&ved=0CFUQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=wild%20sesame%20native&f=false">Domestication of Plants in the Old World: The Origin and Spread of Cultivated Plants in West Asia, Europe, and the Nile Valley</a> 29 Eylül 2020 tarihinde <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> sitesinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200929235328/https://books.google.com/books?id=C1H6_XWJS_gC&pg=PA140&dq=wild+sesame+native&hl=en&sa=X&ei=2_zdT6j0Dc2s8QObpLm_Cw&ved=0CFUQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=wild%20sesame%20native&f=false">arşivlendi</a>. Oxford University Press, 2000 <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/0-19-850356-3" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/0-19-850356-3">0-19-850356-3</a> Retrieved 2012-06-17</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sesame_Coordinators-10"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-Sesame_Coordinators_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sesame_Coordinators_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web">Sesame Coordinators. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040615222144/http://www.sesaco.net/index.htm">"Sesame"</a>. Sesaco. 15 Haziran 2004 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sesaco.net/index.htm">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sesame&rft.pub=Sesaco&rft.au=Sesame+Coordinators&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sesaco.net%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ASusam" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web">E.S. Oplinger; D.H. Putnam. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20010122023400/http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/afcm/sesame.html">"Sesame"</a>. Purdue University. 22 Ocak 2001 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/afcm/sesame.html">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sesame&rft.pub=Purdue+University&rft.au=E.S.+Oplinger&rft.au=D.H.+Putnam&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hort.purdue.edu%2Fnewcrop%2Fafcm%2Fsesame.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ASusam" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text">D Bedigian and J R Harlan – <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2FBF02859136">[1]</a> Retrieved 2012-06-17</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text">D Q Fuller (University College London) – <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://scholar.google.co.uk/scholar?cluster=13998651107363032560&hl=en&as_sdt=0,5">[2]</a> – <i>Further Evidence on the Prehistory of Sesame</i> 2003</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap">Martha, T. Roth (1958). <i>The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD) Volume 4, E</i>. Chicago. s. 106. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0-91-898610-8" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0-91-898610-8">978-0-91-898610-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Assyrian+Dictionary+of+the+Oriental+Institute+of+the+University+of+Chicago+%28CAD%29+Volume+4%2C+E&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pages=106&rft.date=1958&rft.isbn=978-0-91-898610-8&rft.aulast=Martha&rft.aufirst=T.+Roth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ASusam" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text">I Shaw – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=092jP1lBhtoC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q=Ptolemy%20I&f=false">Oxford University Press, 2003</a> 28 Ağustos 2020 tarihinde <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> sitesinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200828095228/https://books.google.com/books?id=092jP1lBhtoC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q=Ptolemy%20I&f=false">arşivlendi</a>. <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/0-19-280458-8" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/0-19-280458-8">0-19-280458-8</a> Retrieved 2012-06-17</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.co.uk/search?tbo=p&tbm=bks&q=inauthor:%22Charles+Freeman%22&source=gbs_metadata_r&cad=8">Charles Freeman</a> – <i>Egypt, Greece, and Rome: Civilizations of the Ancient Mediterranean</i> Oxford University Press, 29 Apr 2004 <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/0-19-926364-7" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/0-19-926364-7">0-19-926364-7</a> Retrieved 2012-06-17</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Serpico,_White-17"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-Serpico,_White_17-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap">M Serpico & R White – (editors; P T Nicholson, I Shaw-translator) (23 Mart 2000). <i>Ancient Egyptian Materials and Technology</i>. Cambridge University Press, 23 Mar 2000. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0-521-45257-1" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0-521-45257-1">978-0-521-45257-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ancient+Egyptian+Materials+and+Technology&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press%2C+23+Mar+2000&rft.date=2000-03-23&rft.isbn=978-0-521-45257-1&rft.au=M+Serpico+%26+R+White+%E2%80%93+%28editors%3B+P+T+Nicholson%2C+I+Shaw-translator%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ASusam" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">KB1 bakım: Birden fazla ad: yazar listesi (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:KB1_bak%C4%B1m:_Birden_fazla_ad:_yazar_listesi" title="Kategori:KB1 bakım: Birden fazla ad: yazar listesi">link</a>) </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text">A R David – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RulD63Y3BlAC&pg=PA42&dq=Ptolemaic+period&hl=en&sa=X&ei=iRDeT6-aC8Sc8gPXvdTHCw&ved=0CDYQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Ptolemaic%20period&f=false">Handbook to Life in Ancient Egypt</a> 19 Ağustos 2020 tarihinde <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> sitesinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200819211345/https://books.google.com/books?id=RulD63Y3BlAC&pg=PA42&dq=Ptolemaic+period&hl=en&sa=X&ei=iRDeT6-aC8Sc8gPXvdTHCw&ved=0CDYQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Ptolemaic%20period&f=false">arşivlendi</a>. Oxford University Press, 28Oct 1999 <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/0-19-513215-7" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/0-19-513215-7">0-19-513215-7</a> Retrieved 2012-06-17</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-19"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-:0_19-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap">Voeks, Robert; Rashford, John (2013). <i>African Ethnobotany in the Americas</i>. Springer, New York, NY. ss. 67-123.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=African+Ethnobotany+in+the+Americas.&rft.place=Springer%2C+New+York%2C+NY&rft.pages=67-123&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=Voeks&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.au=Rashford%2C+John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ASusam" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap">Frederic Rosengarten (2004). <i>The Book of Edible Nuts</i>. Dover Publications. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0-486-43499-5" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0-486-43499-5">978-0-486-43499-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Book+of+Edible+Nuts&rft.pub=Dover+Publications&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-486-43499-5&rft.au=Frederic+Rosengarten&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ASusam" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap">Peter, K.V. (2012). <i>Handbook of herbs and spices Volume 2</i>. s. 449.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Handbook+of+herbs+and+spices+Volume+2&rft.pages=449&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Peter&rft.aufirst=K.V.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ASusam" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak akademik-dergi">Tunde-Akintunde, T. Y.; Akintunde, B. O. (1 Mayıs 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1537511004000236">"Some Physical Properties of Sesame Seed"</a>. <i>Biosystems Engineering</i> (İngilizce). <b>88</b> (1): 127-129. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2004.01.009">10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2004.01.009</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_S%C3%BCreli_Yay%C4%B1n_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Süreli Yayın Numarası">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1537-5110">1537-5110</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Some+Physical+Properties+of+Sesame+Seed&rft.pages=127-129&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.biosystemseng.2004.01.009&rft.issn=1537-5110&rft.aulast=Tunde-Akintunde&rft.aufirst=T.+Y.&rft.au=Akintunde%2C+B.+O.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fscience%2Farticle%2Fpii%2FS1537511004000236&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ASusam" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text">Fransızca Vikipedi <b>Sésame</b> maddesi</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dış_bağlantılar"><span id="D.C4.B1.C5.9F_ba.C4.9Flant.C4.B1lar"></span>Dış bağlantılar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Susam&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Dış bağlantılar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Susam&action=edit&section=7" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Dış bağlantılar"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table style="border:1px solid #a9a9a9; background:#fafafa; margin-top:0.5em; margin-bottom:0.5em"> <tbody><tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a>'ta <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Sesamum_indicum" class="extiw" title="commons:Sesamum indicum">Susam</a> ile ilgili çoklu ortam belgeleri bulunur. </td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="border:1px solid #a9a9a9; background:#fafafa; margin-top:0.5em; margin-bottom:0.5em"> <tbody><tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Wikispecies-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/18px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/27px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/36px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="941" data-file-height="1103" /></a></span> <a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Main Page">Wikispecies</a>'te <a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Sesamum_indicum" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Sesamum indicum">Susam</a> ile ilgili detaylı taksonomi bilgileri bulunur. </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="metadata plainlinks stub" role="presentation" style="background:transparent"><tbody><tr><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Crateva_religiosa.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Taslak simgesi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Crateva_religiosa.jpg/40px-Crateva_religiosa.jpg" decoding="async" width="40" height="43" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Crateva_religiosa.jpg/60px-Crateva_religiosa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Crateva_religiosa.jpg/80px-Crateva_religiosa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="865" /></a></span></td><td><i><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0ki_%C3%A7enekliler" title="İki çenekliler">İki çenekliler</a> ile ilgili bu madde <a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Taslak_madde" title="Vikipedi:Taslak madde">taslak</a> seviyesindedir. Madde içeriğini <a class="external text" href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Susam&action=edit">genişleterek</a> Vikipedi'ye katkı sağlayabilirsiniz.</i></td></tr></tbody></table> <div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Otorite_kontrolü_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Bunu_Vikiveri&#039;de_düzenleyin&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2763698&#124;class=noprint&#124;Bunu_Vikiveri&#039;de_düzenleyin" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Otorite_kontrolü_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Bunu_Vikiveri&#039;de_düzenleyin&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2763698&#124;class=noprint&#124;Bunu_Vikiveri&#039;de_düzenleyin" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Otorite_kontrol%C3%BC" title="Otorite kontrolü">Otorite kontrolü</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2763698" title="Bunu Vikiveri'de düzenleyin"><img alt="Bunu Vikiveri'de düzenleyin" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCmle%C5%9Fik_Otorite_Dosyas%C4%B1" title="Tümleşik Otorite Dosyası">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4181071-5">4181071-5</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kongre_K%C3%BCt%C3%BCphanesi_Kontrol_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Kongre Kütüphanesi Kontrol Numarası">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85120369">sh85120369</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0srail_Ulusal_K%C3%BCt%C3%BCphanesi" title="İsrail Ulusal Kütüphanesi">NLI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007534070105171">987007534070105171</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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