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class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 7381</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: force response</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7141</span> On the Effects of the Frequency and Amplitude of Sinusoidal External Cross-Flow Excitation Forces on the Vortex-Induced-Vibrations of an Oscillating Cylinder</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abouzar%20Kaboudian">Abouzar Kaboudian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ravi%20Chaithanya%20Mysa"> Ravi Chaithanya Mysa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boo%20Cheong%20Khoo"> Boo Cheong Khoo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajeev%20Kumar%20Jaiman"> Rajeev Kumar Jaiman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Vortex induced vibrations can significantly affect the effectiveness of structures in aerospace as well as offshore marine industries. The oscillatory nature of the forces resulting from the vortex shedding around bluff bodies can result in undesirable effects such as increased loading, stresses, deflections, vibrations and noise in the structures, and also reduced fatigue life of the structures. To date, most studies concentrate on either the free oscillations or the prescribed motion of the bluff bodies. However, the structures in operation are usually subject to the external oscillatory forces (e.g. due to the platform motions in offshore industries). Periodic forces can be considered as a combinations of sinusoids. In this work, we present the effects of sinusoidal external cross-flow forces on the vortex-induced vibrations of an oscillating cylinder. The effects of the amplitude, as well as the frequency of these sinusoidal external force on the fluid-forces on the oscillating cylinder are carefully studied and presented. Moreover, we present the transition of the response to be dominated by the vortex-induced-vibrations to the range where it is mostly dictated by the external oscillatory forces. Furthermore, we will discuss how the external forces can affect the flow structures around a cylinder. All results are compared against free oscillations of the cylinder. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circular%20cylinder" title="circular cylinder">circular cylinder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=external%20force" title=" external force"> external force</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vortex-shedding" title=" vortex-shedding"> vortex-shedding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VIV" title=" VIV"> VIV</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25480/on-the-effects-of-the-frequency-and-amplitude-of-sinusoidal-external-cross-flow-excitation-forces-on-the-vortex-induced-vibrations-of-an-oscillating-cylinder" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25480.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">375</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7140</span> Soft Exoskeleton Elastomer Pre-Tension Drive Control System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrey%20Yatsun">Andrey Yatsun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrei%20Malchikov"> Andrei Malchikov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Exoskeletons are used to support and compensate for the load on the human musculoskeletal system. Elastomers are an important component of exoskeletons, providing additional support and compensating for the load. The algorithm of the active elastomer tension system provides the required auxiliary force depending on the angle of rotation and the tilt speed of the operator's torso. Feedback for the drive is provided by a force sensor integrated into the attachment of the exoskeleton vest. The use of direct force measurement ensures the required accuracy in all settings of the man-machine system. Non-adjustable elastic elements make it difficult to move without load, tilt forward and walk. A strategy for the organization of the auxiliary forces management system is proposed based on the allocation of 4 operating modes of the human-machine system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soft%20exoskeleton" title="soft exoskeleton">soft exoskeleton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20modeling" title=" mathematical modeling"> mathematical modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre-tension%20elastomer" title=" pre-tension elastomer"> pre-tension elastomer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human-machine%20interaction" title=" human-machine interaction"> human-machine interaction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183948/soft-exoskeleton-elastomer-pre-tension-drive-control-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183948.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">73</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7139</span> Study of Demographic, Hematological Profile and Risk Stratification in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajandeep%20Kaur">Rajandeep Kaur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajeev%20Gupta"> Rajeev Gupta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is the most common leukaemia in India. The annual incidence of chronic myeloid leukemia in India was originally reported to be 0.8 to 2.2 per 1,00,000 population. CML is a clonal disorder that is usually easily diagnosed because the leukemic cells of more than 95% of patients have a distinctive cytogenetic abnormality, the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1). The approval of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), which target BCR-ABL1 kinase activity, has significantly reduced the mortality rate associated with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and revolutionized treatment. Material and Methods: 80 diagnosed cases of CML were taken. Investigations were done. Bone marrow and molecular studies were also done and with EUTOS, patients were stratified into low and high-risk groups and then treatment with Imatinib was given to all patients and the molecular response was evaluated at 6 months and 12 months follow up with BCR-ABL by RT-PCR quantitative assay. Results: In the study population, out of 80 patients in the study population, 40 were females and 40 were males, with M: F is 1:1. Out of total 80 patients’ maximum patients (54) were in 31-60 years age group. Our study showed a most common symptom of presentation is abdominal discomfort followed by fever. Out of the total 80 patients, 25 (31.3%) patients had high EUTOS scores and 55 (68.8%) patients had low EUTOS scores. On 6 months follow up 36.3% of patients had Complete Molecular Response, 16.3% of patients had Major Molecular Response and 47.5% of patients had No Molecular Response but on 12 months follow up 71.3% of patients had Complete Molecular Response, 16.25% of patients had Major Molecular Response and 12.5% patients had No Molecular Response. Conclusion: In this study, we found a significant correlation between EUTOS score and Molecular response at 6 months and 12 months follow up after Imatinib therapy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronic%20myeloid%20leukemia" title="chronic myeloid leukemia">chronic myeloid leukemia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=European%20treatment%20and%20outcome%20study%20score" title=" European treatment and outcome study score"> European treatment and outcome study score</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hematological%20response" title=" hematological response"> hematological response</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20response" title=" molecular response"> molecular response</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tyrosine%20kinase%20inhibitor" title=" tyrosine kinase inhibitor"> tyrosine kinase inhibitor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147756/study-of-demographic-hematological-profile-and-risk-stratification-in-chronic-myeloid-leukemia-patients" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147756.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">108</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7138</span> Mechanical Response Investigation of Wafer Probing Test with Vertical Cobra Probe via the Experiment and Transient Dynamic Simulation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=De-Shin%20Liu">De-Shin Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Po-Chun%20Wen"> Po-Chun Wen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhen-Wei%20Zhuang"> Zhen-Wei Zhuang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hsueh-Chih%20Liu"> Hsueh-Chih Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pei-Chen%20Huang"> Pei-Chen Huang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Wafer probing tests play an important role in semiconductor manufacturing procedures in accordance with the yield and reliability requirement of the wafer after the backend-of-the-line process. Accordingly, the stable physical and electrical contact between the probe and the tested wafer during wafer probing is regarded as an essential issue in identifying the known good die. The probe card can be integrated with multiple probe needles, which are classified as vertical, cantilever and micro-electro-mechanical systems type probe selections. Among all potential probe types, the vertical probe has several advantages as compared with other probe types, including maintainability, high probe density and feasibility for high-speed wafer testing. In the present study, the mechanical response of the wafer probing test with the vertical cobra probe on 720 μm thick silicon (Si) substrate with a 1.4 μm thick aluminum (Al) pad is investigated by the experiment and transient dynamic simulation approach. Because the deformation mechanism of the vertical cobra probe is determined by both bending and buckling mechanisms, the stable correlation between contact forces and overdrive (OD) length must be carefully verified. Moreover, the decent OD length with corresponding contact force contributed to piercing the native oxide layer of the Al pad and preventing the probing test-induced damage on the interconnect system. Accordingly, the scratch depth of the Al pad under various OD lengths is estimated by the atomic force microscope (AFM) and simulation work. In the wafer probing test configuration, the contact phenomenon between the probe needle and the tested object introduced large deformation and twisting of mesh gridding, causing the subsequent numerical divergence issue. For this reason, the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian method is utilized in the present simulation work to conquer the aforementioned issue. The analytic results revealed a slight difference when the OD is considered as 40 μm, and the simulated is almost identical to the measured scratch depths of the Al pad under higher OD lengths up to 70 μm. This phenomenon can be attributed to the unstable contact of the probe at low OD length with the scratch depth below 30% of Al pad thickness, and the contact status will be being stable when the scratch depth over 30% of pad thickness. The splash of the Al pad is observed by the AFM, and the splashed Al debris accumulates on a specific side; this phenomenon is successfully simulated in the transient dynamic simulation. Thus, the preferred testing OD lengths are found as 45 μm to 70 μm, and the corresponding scratch depths on the Al pad are represented as 31.4% and 47.1% of Al pad thickness, respectively. The investigation approach demonstrated in this study contributed to analyzing the mechanical response of wafer probing test configuration under large strain conditions and assessed the geometric designs and material selections of probe needles to meet the requirement of high resolution and high-speed wafer-level probing test for thinned wafer application. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wafer%20probing%20test" title="wafer probing test">wafer probing test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vertical%20probe" title=" vertical probe"> vertical probe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=probe%20mark" title=" probe mark"> probe mark</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20response" title=" mechanical response"> mechanical response</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FEA%20simulation" title=" FEA simulation"> FEA simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179072/mechanical-response-investigation-of-wafer-probing-test-with-vertical-cobra-probe-via-the-experiment-and-transient-dynamic-simulation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179072.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">66</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7137</span> The Political Economy of Police Corruption in Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tosin%20Osasona">Tosin Osasona</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Nigeria Police Force bears the constitutional mandate as the primary policing agency for the protection of life and property within Nigeria; however, the police have an historical ill-reputation for corruption, ineptitude and impunity. Using the institutional theory of police as the framework of analysis, the paper argues that the performance of the police in Nigeria mirrors the dominant political, social and economic institutions and the structural environment of the Nigerian state. The article puts in perspective the deliberate political decision to underfund the police, leaving officers of the force the extra task of foraging for funds to undertake the duty that the Nigeria state primarily exists for; the article further explores the nexus between corruption in the police in Nigeria and the issue of funding. The article finds that the Nigerian state, by deliberately under-funding the police, while expecting the agency to perform its duties, has indirectly sanctioned the corruption of the force and approved the cooption of the institution of police and policing for private use in Nigeria. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Police%20Corruption" title="Police Corruption">Police Corruption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Funding" title=" Funding "> Funding </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Informal%20Taxation" title=" Informal Taxation"> Informal Taxation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=POlice%20Checkpoint" title=" POlice Checkpoint "> POlice Checkpoint </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115029/the-political-economy-of-police-corruption-in-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115029.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">164</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7136</span> Effect of Rainflow Cycle Number on Fatigue Lifetime of an Arm of Vehicle Suspension System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hatem%20Mrad">Hatem Mrad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Bouazara"> Mohamed Bouazara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fouad%20Erchiqui"> Fouad Erchiqui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fatigue, is considered as one of the main cause of mechanical properties degradation of mechanical parts. Probability and reliability methods are appropriate for fatigue analysis using uncertainties that exist in fatigue material or process parameters. Current work deals with the study of the effect of the number and counting Rainflow cycle on fatigue lifetime (cumulative damage) of an upper arm of the vehicle suspension system. The major part of the fatigue damage induced in suspension arm is caused by two main classes of parameters. The first is related to the materials properties and the second is the road excitation or the applied force of the passenger’s number. Therefore, Young's modulus and road excitation are selected as input parameters to conduct repetitive simulations by Monte Carlo (MC) algorithm. Latin hypercube sampling method is used to generate these parameters. Response surface method is established according to fatigue lifetime of each combination of input parameters according to strain-life method. A PYTHON script was developed to automatize finite element simulations of the upper arm according to a design of experiments. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fatigue" title="fatigue">fatigue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monte%20carlo" title=" monte carlo"> monte carlo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rainflow%20cycle" title=" rainflow cycle"> rainflow cycle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=response%20surface" title=" response surface"> response surface</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=suspension%20system" title=" suspension system"> suspension system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52617/effect-of-rainflow-cycle-number-on-fatigue-lifetime-of-an-arm-of-vehicle-suspension-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52617.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">262</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7135</span> Parametric Non-Linear Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Frames with Supplemental Damping Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniele%20Losanno">Daniele Losanno</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Giorgio%20Serino"> Giorgio Serino</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper focuses on parametric analysis of reinforced concrete structures equipped with supplemental damping braces. Practitioners still luck sufficient data for current design of damper added structures and often reduce the real model to a pure damper braced structure even if this assumption is neither realistic nor conservative. In the present study, the damping brace is modelled as made by a linear supporting brace connected in series with the viscous/hysteretic damper. Deformation capacity of existing structures is usually not adequate to undergo the design earthquake. In spite of this, additional dampers could be introduced strongly limiting structural damage to acceptable values, or in some cases, reducing frame response to elastic behavior. This work is aimed at providing useful considerations for retrofit of existing buildings by means of supplemental damping braces. The study explicitly takes into consideration variability of (a) relative frame to supporting brace stiffness, (b) dampers’ coefficient (viscous coefficient or yielding force) and (c) non-linear frame behavior. Non-linear time history analysis has been run to account for both dampers’ behavior and non-linear plastic hinges modelled by Pivot hysteretic type. Parametric analysis based on previous studies on SDOF or MDOF linear frames provide reference values for nearly optimal damping systems design. With respect to bare frame configuration, seismic response of the damper-added frame is strongly improved, limiting deformations to acceptable values far below ultimate capacity. Results of the analysis also demonstrated the beneficial effect of stiffer supporting braces, thus highlighting inadequacy of simplified pure damper models. At the same time, the effect of variable damping coefficient and yielding force has to be treated as an optimization problem. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brace%20stiffness" title="brace stiffness">brace stiffness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dissipative%20braces" title=" dissipative braces"> dissipative braces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-linear%20analysis" title=" non-linear analysis"> non-linear analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20hinges" title=" plastic hinges"> plastic hinges</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reinforced%20concrete%20frames" title=" reinforced concrete frames"> reinforced concrete frames</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60408/parametric-non-linear-analysis-of-reinforced-concrete-frames-with-supplemental-damping-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60408.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">298</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7134</span> A Gender Sensitive Labour Policy for Gilgit Baltistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayesha%20Obaid">Ayesha Obaid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdur%20Rehman%20Cheema"> Abdur Rehman Cheema</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study is about understanding the role of the gender division of work that has been assigned to men and women in different societies and cultures and its impact on labour force participation through economic development. Development in Gilgit Baltistan has been challenging due to its geographical conditions and the human development indicators are lower than the rest of the Pakistan. Various socioeconomic factors are identified that play an important role in determining the choices and roles men and women undertake for contributing towards the labour force. Our research highlights the areas lagging behind in gender equality in the labour market. The availability and access of gender over these socioeconomic resources determine gender mainstreaming in the labour market. It is a need of time that gender gaps should be addressed at the grass root level by the policy makers to enhance the growth and improve human development indicators. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20division%20of%20work" title="gender division of work">gender division of work</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20development" title=" human development"> human development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indicators%20of%20socioeconomic%20factors" title=" indicators of socioeconomic factors"> indicators of socioeconomic factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=labour%20force" title=" labour force"> labour force</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37835/a-gender-sensitive-labour-policy-for-gilgit-baltistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37835.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">362</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7133</span> Evaluating the Effectiveness of Electronic Response Systems in Technology-Oriented Classes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Salman">Ahmad Salman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Electronic Response Systems such as Kahoot, Poll Everywhere, and Google Classroom are gaining a lot of popularity when surveying audiences in events, meetings, and classroom. The reason is mainly because of the ease of use and the convenience these tools bring since they provide mobile applications with a simple user interface. In this paper, we present a case study on the effectiveness of using Electronic Response Systems on student participation and learning experience in a classroom. We use a polling application for class exercises in two different technology-oriented classes. We evaluate the effectiveness of the usage of the polling applications through statistical analysis of the students performance in these two classes and compare them to the performances of students who took the same classes without using the polling application for class participation. Our results show an increase in the performances of the students who used the Electronic Response System when compared to those who did not by an average of 11%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Interactive%20Learning" title="Interactive Learning">Interactive Learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Classroom%20Technology" title=" Classroom Technology"> Classroom Technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Electronic%20Response%20Systems" title=" Electronic Response Systems"> Electronic Response Systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Polling%20Applications" title=" Polling Applications"> Polling Applications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Learning%20Evaluation" title=" Learning Evaluation"> Learning Evaluation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119898/evaluating-the-effectiveness-of-electronic-response-systems-in-technology-oriented-classes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119898.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">132</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7132</span> The Experimental Investigation of Temperature Influence on the Oscillations of Particles on Liquid Surfaces</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sathish%20K.%20Gurupatham">Sathish K. Gurupatham</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farhad%20Sayedzada"> Farhad Sayedzada</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naji%20Dauk"> Naji Dauk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Valmiki%20Sooklal"> Valmiki Sooklal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laura%20Ruhala"> Laura Ruhala</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It was shown recently that small particles and powders spontaneously disperse on liquid surfaces when they come into contact with the interface for the first time. This happens due to the combined effect of the capillary force, buoyant weight of the particle and the viscous drag that the particle experiences in the liquid. The particle undergoes oscillations normal to the interface before it comes to rest on the interface. These oscillations, in turn, induce a flow on the interface which disperses the particles radially outward. This phenomenon has a significant role in the pollination of sea plants such as Ruppia in which the formation of ‘pollen rafts’ is the first step. This paper investigates, experimentally, the influence of the temperature of the liquid on which this dispersion occurs. It was observed that the frequency of oscillations of the particles decreased with the increase in the temperature of the liquid. It is because the magnitude of capillary force also decreased when the temperature of the liquid increased. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particle%20dispersion" title="particle dispersion">particle dispersion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capillary%20force" title=" capillary force"> capillary force</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=viscous%20drag" title=" viscous drag"> viscous drag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oscillations" title=" oscillations"> oscillations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62666/the-experimental-investigation-of-temperature-influence-on-the-oscillations-of-particles-on-liquid-surfaces" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62666.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">377</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7131</span> Fundamental Theory of the Evolution Force: Gene Engineering utilizing Synthetic Evolution Artificial Intelligence</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20K.%20Davis">L. K. Davis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The effects of the evolution force are observable in nature at all structural levels ranging from small molecular systems to conversely enormous biospheric systems. However, the evolution force and work associated with formation of biological structures has yet to be described mathematically or theoretically. In addressing the conundrum, we consider evolution from a unique perspective and in doing so we introduce the “Fundamental Theory of the Evolution Force: <em>FTEF</em>”. We utilized synthetic evolution artificial intelligence (SYN-AI) to identify genomic building blocks and to engineer 14-3-3 ζ docking proteins by transforming gene sequences into time-based DNA codes derived from protein hierarchical structural levels. The aforementioned served as templates for random DNA hybridizations and genetic assembly. The application of hierarchical DNA codes allowed us to fast forward evolution, while dampening the effect of point mutations. Natural selection was performed at each hierarchical structural level and mutations screened using Blosum 80 mutation frequency-based algorithms. Notably, SYN-AI engineered a set of three architecturally conserved docking proteins that retained motion and vibrational dynamics of native <em>Bos taurus</em> 14-3-3 ζ. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=14-3-3%20docking%20genes" title="14-3-3 docking genes">14-3-3 docking genes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synthetic%20protein%20design" title=" synthetic protein design"> synthetic protein design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time-based%20DNA%20codes" title=" time-based DNA codes"> time-based DNA codes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=writing%20DNA%20code%20from%20scratch" title=" writing DNA code from scratch"> writing DNA code from scratch</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116074/fundamental-theory-of-the-evolution-force-gene-engineering-utilizing-synthetic-evolution-artificial-intelligence" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116074.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">120</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7130</span> Two Dimensional Steady State Modeling of Temperature Profile and Heat Transfer of Electrohydrodynamically Enhanced Micro Heat Pipe</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Shokouhmand">H. Shokouhmand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Tajerian"> M. Tajerian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A numerical investigation of laminar forced convection flows through a square cross section micro heat pipe by applying electrohydrodynamic (EHD) field has been studied. In the present study, pentane is selected as working fluid. Temperature and velocity profiles and heat transfer enhancement in the micro heat pipe by using EHD field at the two-dimensional and single phase fluid flow in steady state regime have been numerically calculated. At this model, only Coulomb force is considered. The study has been carried out for the Reynolds number 10 to 100 and EHD force field up to 8 KV. Coupled, non-linear equations governed on the model (continuity, momentum, and energy equations) have been solved simultaneously by CFD numerical methods. Steady state behavior of affecting parameters, e.g. friction factor, average temperature, Nusselt number and heat transfer enhancement criteria, have been evaluated. It has been observed that by increasing Reynolds number, the effect of EHD force became more significant and for smaller Reynolds numbers the rate of heat transfer enhancement criteria is increased. By obtaining and plotting the mentioned parameters, it has been shown that the EHD field enhances the heat transfer process. The numerical results show that by increasing EHD force field the absolute value of Nusselt number and friction factor increases and average temperature of fluid flow decreases. But the increasing rate of Nusselt number is greater than increasing value of friction factor, which makes applying EHD force field for heat transfer enhancement in micro heat pipes acceptable and applicable. The numerical results of model are in good agreement with the experimental results available in the literature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro%20heat%20pipe" title="micro heat pipe">micro heat pipe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrohydrodynamic%20force" title=" electrohydrodynamic force"> electrohydrodynamic force</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nusselt%20number" title=" Nusselt number"> Nusselt number</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=average%20temperature" title=" average temperature"> average temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20factor" title=" friction factor"> friction factor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72377/two-dimensional-steady-state-modeling-of-temperature-profile-and-heat-transfer-of-electrohydrodynamically-enhanced-micro-heat-pipe" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72377.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">276</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7129</span> Numerical and Experimental Approach to Evaluate Forming Coil of Electromagnetic Forming Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20G.%20Noh">H. G. Noh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20G.%20Park"> H. G. Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20S.%20Kang"> B. S. Kang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Kim"> J. Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Electromagnetic forming process (EMF) is one of high-velocity forming processes using Lorentz force. Advantages of EMF are summarized as improvement of formability, reduction in wrinkling, non-contact forming. In this study, numerical simulations were conducted to determine the practical parameters for EMF process. A 2-D axis-symmetric electromagnetic model was considered based on the spiral type forming coil. In the numerical simulation, RLC circuit coupled with spiral coil was made to consider the design parameters such as system input current and electromagnetic force. In order to deform the sheet in the patter shape die, two types of spiral shape coil were considered to deform the pattern shape sheet. One is a spiral coil that has 6turns with dead zone at centre point. Another is a normal spiral coil without dead zone that has 8 turns. In the electric analysis, input current and magnetic force were compared and then plastic deformation was treated in the mechanical analysis for two coil cases. Deformation behaviour of dead zone coil case has good agreement with pattern shape die. As a result, deformation behaviour could be controlled by giving dead zone at centre of the coil in spiral shape coil case. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electromagnetic%20forming" title="electromagnetic forming">electromagnetic forming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spiral%20coil" title=" spiral coil"> spiral coil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lorentz%20force" title=" Lorentz force"> Lorentz force</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=manufacturing" title=" manufacturing"> manufacturing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7002/numerical-and-experimental-approach-to-evaluate-forming-coil-of-electromagnetic-forming-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7002.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">309</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7128</span> An Advanced Exponential Model for Seismic Isolators Having Hardening or Softening Behavior at Large Displacements</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nicol%C3%B2%20Vaiana">Nicolò Vaiana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Giorgio%20Serino"> Giorgio Serino</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, an advanced Nonlinear Exponential Model (NEM), able to simulate the uniaxial dynamic behavior of seismic isolators having a continuously decreasing tangent stiffness with increasing displacement in the relatively large displacements range and a hardening or softening behavior at large displacements, is presented. The mathematical model is validated by comparing the experimental force-displacement hysteresis loops obtained during cyclic tests, conducted on a helical wire rope isolator and a recycled rubber-fiber reinforced bearing, with those predicted analytically. Good agreement between the experimental and simulated results shows that the proposed model can be an effective numerical tool to predict the force-displacement relationship of seismic isolation devices within the large displacements range. Compared to the widely used Bouc-Wen model, unable to simulate the response of seismic isolators at large displacements, the proposed one allows to avoid the numerical solution of a first order nonlinear ordinary differential equation for each time step of a nonlinear time history analysis, thus reducing the computation effort. Furthermore, the proposed model can simulate the smooth transition of the hysteresis loops from small to large displacements by adopting only one set of five parameters determined from the experimental hysteresis loops having the largest amplitude. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=base%20isolation" title="base isolation">base isolation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hardening%20behavior" title=" hardening behavior"> hardening behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20exponential%20model" title=" nonlinear exponential model"> nonlinear exponential model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic%20isolators" title=" seismic isolators"> seismic isolators</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=softening%20behavior" title=" softening behavior"> softening behavior</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59055/an-advanced-exponential-model-for-seismic-isolators-having-hardening-or-softening-behavior-at-large-displacements" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59055.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">334</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7127</span> Multibody Constrained Dynamics of Y-Method Installation System for a Large Scale Subsea Equipment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naeem%20Ullah">Naeem Ullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Menglan%20Duan"> Menglan Duan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mac%20Darlington%20Uche%20Onuoha"> Mac Darlington Uche Onuoha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The lowering of subsea equipment into the deep waters is a challenging job due to the harsh offshore environment. Many researchers have introduced various installation systems to deploy the payload safely into the deep oceans. In general practice, dual floating vessels are not employed owing to the prevalent safety risks and hazards caused by ever-increasing dynamical effects sourced by mutual interaction between the bodies. However, while keeping in the view of the optimal grounds, such as economical one, the Y-method, the two conventional tugboats supporting the equipment by the two independent strands connected to a tri-plate above the equipment, has been employed to study multibody dynamics of the dual barge lifting operations. In this study, the two tugboats and the suspended payload (Y-method) are deployed for the lowering of subsea equipment into the deep waters as a multibody dynamic system. The two-wire ropes are used for the lifting and installation operation by this Y-method installation system. 6-dof (degree of freedom) for each body are considered to establish coupled 18-dof multibody model by embedding technique or velocity transformation technique. The fundamental and prompt advantage of this technique is that the constraint forces can be eliminated directly, and no extra computational effort is required for the elimination of the constraint forces. The inertial frame of reference is taken at the surface of the water as the time-independent frame of reference, and the floating frames of reference are introduced in each body as the time-dependent frames of reference in order to formulate the velocity transformation matrix. The local transformation of the generalized coordinates to the inertial frame of reference is executed by applying the Euler Angle approach. The spherical joints are articulated amongst the multibody as the kinematic joints. The hydrodynamic force, the two-strand forces, the hydrostatic force, and the mooring forces are taken into consideration as the external forces. The radiation force of the hydrodynamic force is obtained by employing the Cummins equation. The wave exciting part of the hydrodynamic force is obtained by using force response amplitude operators (RAOs) that are obtained by the commercial solver ‘OpenFOAM’. The strand force is obtained by considering the wire rope as an elastic spring. The nonlinear hydrostatic force is obtained by the pressure integration technique at each time step of the wave movement. The mooring forces are evaluated by using Faltinsen analytical approach. ‘The Runge Kutta Method’ of Fourth-Order is employed to evaluate the coupled equations of motion obtained for 18-dof multibody model. The results are correlated with the simulated Orcaflex Model. Moreover, the results from Orcaflex Model are compared with the MOSES Model from previous studies. The MBDS of single barge lifting operation from the former studies are compared with the MBDS of the established dual barge lifting operation. The dynamics of the dual barge lifting operation are found larger in magnitude as compared to the single barge lifting operation. It is noticed that the traction at the top connection point of the cable decreases with the increase in the length, and it becomes almost constant after passing through the splash zone. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dual%20barge%20lifting%20operation" title="dual barge lifting operation">dual barge lifting operation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y-method" title=" Y-method"> Y-method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multibody%20dynamics" title=" multibody dynamics"> multibody dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shipbuilding" title=" shipbuilding"> shipbuilding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=installation%20of%20subsea%20equipment" title=" installation of subsea equipment"> installation of subsea equipment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shipbuilding" title=" shipbuilding"> shipbuilding</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141768/multibody-constrained-dynamics-of-y-method-installation-system-for-a-large-scale-subsea-equipment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141768.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">208</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7126</span> Experimental Investigation on Tsunami Acting on Bridges</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iman%20Mazinani">Iman Mazinani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zubaidah%20Ismail"> Zubaidah Ismail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Mustafa%20Hashim"> Ahmad Mustafa Hashim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amir%20Reza%20Saba"> Amir Reza Saba</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Two tragic tsunamis that devastated the west coast of Sumatra Island, Indonesia in 2004 and North East Japan in 2011 had damaged bridges to various extents. Tsunamis have resulted in the catastrophic deterioration of infrastructures i.e. coastal structures, utilities and transportation facilities. A bridge structure performs vital roles to enable people to perform activities related to their daily needs and for development. A damaged bridge needs to be repaired expeditiously. In order to understand the effects of tsunami forces on bridges, experimental tests are carried out to measure the characteristics of hydrodynamic force at various wave heights. Coastal bridge models designed at a 1:40 scale are used in a 24.0 m long hydraulic flume with a cross section of 1.5 m by 2.0 m. The horizontal forces and uplift forces in all cases show that forces increase nonlinearly with increasing wave amplitude. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tsunami" title="tsunami">tsunami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bridge" title=" bridge"> bridge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=horizontal%20force" title=" horizontal force"> horizontal force</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uplift%20force" title=" uplift force"> uplift force</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14510/experimental-investigation-on-tsunami-acting-on-bridges" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14510.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">311</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7125</span> Partial Differential Equation-Based Modeling of Brain Response to Stimuli</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Razieh%20Khalafi">Razieh Khalafi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The brain is the information processing centre of the human body. Stimuli in the form of information are transferred to the brain and then brain makes the decision on how to respond to them. In this research, we propose a new partial differential equation which analyses the EEG signals and make a relationship between the incoming stimuli and the brain response to them. In order to test the proposed model, a set of external stimuli applied to the model and the model’s outputs were checked versus the real EEG data. The results show that this model can model the EEG signal well. The proposed model is useful not only for modelling of EEG signal in case external stimuli but it can be used for modelling of brain response in case of internal stimuli. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brain" title="brain">brain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stimuli" title=" stimuli"> stimuli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=partial%20differential%20equation" title=" partial differential equation"> partial differential equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=response" title=" response"> response</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EEG%20signal" title=" EEG signal"> EEG signal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29783/partial-differential-equation-based-modeling-of-brain-response-to-stimuli" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29783.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">559</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7124</span> Asymmetries in Monetary Policy Response: The Role of Uncertainty in the Case of Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elias%20Udeaja">Elias Udeaja</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elijah%20Udoh"> Elijah Udoh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Exploring an extended SVAR model (SVAR-X), we use the case of Nigeria to hypothesize for the role of uncertainty as the underlying source of asymmetries in the response of monetary policy to output and inflation. Deciphered the empirical finding is the potential of monetary policy exhibiting greater sensitive to shocks due to output growth than they do to shocks due to inflation in recession periods, while the reverse appears to be the case for a contractionary monetary policy. We also find the asymmetric preference in the response of monetary policy to changes in output and inflation as relatively more pronounced when we control for uncertainty as the underlying source of asymmetries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asymmetry%20response" title="asymmetry response">asymmetry response</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developing%20economies" title=" developing economies"> developing economies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monetary%20policy%20shocks" title=" monetary policy shocks"> monetary policy shocks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uncertainty" title=" uncertainty"> uncertainty</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124497/asymmetries-in-monetary-policy-response-the-role-of-uncertainty-in-the-case-of-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124497.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">152</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7123</span> Analysis of the Cutting Force with Ultrasonic Assisted Manufacturing of Steel (S235JR)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Philipp%20Zopf">Philipp Zopf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Franz%20Haas"> Franz Haas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Manufacturing of very hard and refractory materials like ceramics, glass or carbide poses particular challenges on tools and machines. The company Sauer GmbH developed especially for this application area ultrasonic tool holders working in a frequency range from 15 to 60 kHz and superimpose the common tool movement in the vertical axis. This technique causes a structural weakening in the contact area and facilitates the machining. The possibility of the force reduction for these special materials especially in drilling of carbide with diamond tools up to 30 percent made the authors try to expand the application range of this method. To make the results evaluable, the authors decide to start with existing processes in which the positive influence of the ultrasonic assistance is proven to understand the mechanism. The comparison of a grinding process the Institute use to machine materials mentioned in the beginning and steel could not be more different. In the first case, the authors use tools with geometrically undefined edges. In the second case, the edges are geometrically defined. To get valid results of the tests, the authors decide to investigate two manufacturing methods, drilling and milling. The main target of the investigation is to reduce the cutting force measured with a force measurement platform underneath the workpiece. Concerning to the direction of the ultrasonic assistance, the authors expect lower cutting forces and longer endurance of the tool in the drilling process. To verify the frequencies and the amplitudes an FFT-analysis is performed. It shows the increasing damping depending on the infeed rate of the tool. The reducing of amplitude of the cutting force comes along. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drilling" title="drilling">drilling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machining" title=" machining"> machining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=milling" title=" milling"> milling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasonic" title=" ultrasonic"> ultrasonic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69538/analysis-of-the-cutting-force-with-ultrasonic-assisted-manufacturing-of-steel-s235jr" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69538.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">278</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7122</span> Kinematic Analysis of Human Gait for Typical Postures of Walking, Running and Cart Pulling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nupur%20Karmaker">Nupur Karmaker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hasin%20Aupama%20Azhari"> Hasin Aupama Azhari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdul%20Al%20Mortuza"> Abdul Al Mortuza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abhijit%20Chanda"> Abhijit Chanda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Golam%20Abu%20Zakaria"> Golam Abu Zakaria</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose: The purpose of gait analysis is to determine the biomechanics of the joint, phases of gait cycle, graphical and analytical analysis of degree of rotation, analysis of the electrical activity of muscles and force exerted on the hip joint at different locomotion during walking, running and cart pulling. Methods and Materials: Visual gait analysis and electromyography method has been used to detect the degree of rotation of joints and electrical activity of muscles. In cinematography method an object is observed from different sides and takes its video. Cart pulling length has been divided into frames with respect to time by using video splitter software. Phases of gait cycle, degree of rotation of joints, EMG profile and force analysis during walking and running has been taken from different papers. Gait cycle and degree of rotation of joints during cart pulling has been prepared by using video camera, stop watch, video splitter software and Microsoft Excel. Results and Discussion: During the cart pulling the force exerted on hip is the resultant of various forces. The force on hip is the vector sum of the force Fg= mg, due the body of weight of the person and Fa= ma, due to the velocity. Maximum stance phase shows during cart pulling and minimum shows during running. During cart pulling shows maximum degree of rotation of hip joint, knee: running, and ankle: cart pulling. During walking, it has been observed minimum degree of rotation of hip, ankle: during running. During cart pulling, dynamic force depends on the walking velocity, body weight and load weight. Conclusions: 80% people suffer gait related disease with increasing their age. Proper care should take during cart pulling. It will be better to establish the gait laboratory to determine the gait related diseases. If the way of cart pulling is changed i.e the design of cart pulling machine, load bearing system is changed then it would possible to reduce the risk of limb loss, flat foot syndrome and varicose vein in lower limb. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kinematic" title="kinematic">kinematic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gait" title=" gait"> gait</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gait%20lab" title=" gait lab"> gait lab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase" title=" phase"> phase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=force%20analysis" title=" force analysis"> force analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42668/kinematic-analysis-of-human-gait-for-typical-postures-of-walking-running-and-cart-pulling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42668.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">579</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7121</span> Effect of Capillary Forces on Wet Granular Avalanches</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Jarray">Ahmed Jarray</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vanessa%20Magnanimo"> Vanessa Magnanimo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stefan%20Luding"> Stefan Luding</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Granular avalanches are ubiquitous in nature and occur in numerous industrial processes associated with particulate systems. When a small amount of liquid is added to a pile of particles, pendular bridges form and the particles are attracted by capillary forces, creating complex structure and flow behavior. We have performed an extensive series of experiments to investigate the effect of capillary force and particle size on wet granular avalanches, and we established a methodology that ensures the control of the granular flow in a rotating drum. The velocity of the free surface and the angle of repose of the particles in the rotating drum are determined using particle tracking method. The capillary force between the particles is significantly reduced by making the glass beads hydrophobic via chemical silanization. We show that the strength of the capillary forces between two adjacent particles can be deliberately manipulated through surface modification of the glass beads, thus, under the right conditions; we demonstrate that the avalanche dynamics can be controlled. The results show that the avalanche amplitude decreases when increasing the capillary force. We also find that liquid-induced cohesion increases the width of the gliding layer and the dynamic angle of repose, however, it decreases the velocity of the free surface. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=avalanche%20dynamics" title="avalanche dynamics">avalanche dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capillary%20force" title=" capillary force"> capillary force</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=granular%20material" title=" granular material"> granular material</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=granular%20flow" title=" granular flow"> granular flow</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69253/effect-of-capillary-forces-on-wet-granular-avalanches" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69253.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">280</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7120</span> Model Updating-Based Approach for Damage Prognosis in Frames via Modal Residual Force</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gholamreza%20Ghodrati%20Amiri">Gholamreza Ghodrati Amiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mojtaba%20Jafarian%20Abyaneh"> Mojtaba Jafarian Abyaneh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Zare%20Hosseinzadeh"> Ali Zare Hosseinzadeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents an effective model updating strategy for damage localization and quantification in frames by defining damage detection problem as an optimization issue. A generalized version of the Modal Residual Force (MRF) is employed for presenting a new damage-sensitive cost function. Then, Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) algorithm is utilized for solving suggested inverse problem and the global extremums are reported as damage detection results. The applicability of the presented method is investigated by studying different damage patterns on the benchmark problem of the IASC-ASCE, as well as a planar shear frame structure. The obtained results emphasize good performance of the method not only in free-noise cases, but also when the input data are contaminated with different levels of noises. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frame" title="frame">frame</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grey%20wolf%20optimization%20algorithm" title=" grey wolf optimization algorithm"> grey wolf optimization algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modal%20residual%20force" title=" modal residual force"> modal residual force</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20damage%20detection" title=" structural damage detection"> structural damage detection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47524/model-updating-based-approach-for-damage-prognosis-in-frames-via-modal-residual-force" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47524.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">398</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7119</span> Complementary Mathematical Model for Underwater Vehicles under Load Variation Test Conditions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erim%20Koyun">Erim Koyun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper aim to construct a mathematical model for Underwater vehicles under load variation test conditions. Propeller effects on underwater vehicle are investigated. Body with counter rotating propeller model is analyzed by CFD methods, thus forces and moment are obtained. Propeller effects of vehicle’s hydrodynamic performance under load variation conditions will be investigated. Additionally, pressure contour is examined for differences between different load conditions. Axial force equation is established using hydrodynamic coefficients, which contains resistance, thrust, and additional coefficients occurs due to load variations. Additional coefficients helps to express completely axial force on underwater vehicle. When the vehicle accelerates, additional force occurs besides thrust force increment. This is propeller effect on the body. Hence, mathematical model cover this effect. For CFD analysis, the incompressible, three-dimensional, and unsteady Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes equations will be used Numerical results is verified with experimental results for verification. The overall goal of this study is to present complementary mathematical model for body with counter rotating propeller. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=counter%20rotating%20propeller" title="counter rotating propeller">counter rotating propeller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD" title=" CFD"> CFD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrodynamic%20mathematic%20model" title=" hydrodynamic mathematic model"> hydrodynamic mathematic model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrodynamics%20analysis" title=" hydrodynamics analysis"> hydrodynamics analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thrust%20deduction" title=" thrust deduction"> thrust deduction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144832/complementary-mathematical-model-for-underwater-vehicles-under-load-variation-test-conditions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144832.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">141</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7118</span> Analysis of Drilling Parameters for Al-Mg2-Si Metal Matrix Composite</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Jahangir">S. Jahangir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20H.%20I.%20Jaffery"> S. H. I. Jaffery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Khan"> M. Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20Zareef"> Z. Zareef</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Yar"> A. Yar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Mubashir"> A. Mubashir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Butt"> S. Butt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Ali"> L. Ali </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, drilling responses and behavior of MMC was investigated in Al-Mg2Si composites. For the purpose Al-15% wt. Mg2Si, was selected from the hypereutectic region of Al- Mg2Si phase diagram. Based on hardness and tensile strength, drill bit of appropriate material and morphology was selected. The performance of different drill bits of different morphology and material was studied and analysed using experimental data. For theoretical calculations of axial thrust force and required power calculation, material factor “K” was obtained from different data charts and at the same time cutting forces (drilling forces) were practically obtained using a Peizo electric force dynamometer. These results show the role of reinforcement particles on the machinability of MMCs and provide a useful guide for a better control and optimized drilling parameters for the drilling process. Furthermore, in this work, comparison of MMC with non -reinforced Aluminum Alloy regarding drilling operation was also studied. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drilling" title="drilling">drilling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metal%20matrix%20composite%20%28MMC%29" title=" metal matrix composite (MMC)"> metal matrix composite (MMC)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cutting%20forces" title=" cutting forces"> cutting forces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thrust%20force" title=" thrust force"> thrust force</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38398/analysis-of-drilling-parameters-for-al-mg2-si-metal-matrix-composite" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38398.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">436</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7117</span> Productivity of Construction Companies Using the Management of Threats and Opportunities ‎in Construction Projects of Iran</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nima%20Amani">Nima Amani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Salehi%20Dastjerdi"> Ali Salehi Dastjerdi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20Ahmadi"> Fatemeh Ahmadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ardalan%20Sabamehr"> Ardalan Sabamehr</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The cost overrun of the construction projects has always been one of the main problems of the construction companies caused by the risky nature of the construction projects. Therefore, today, the application of risk management is inevitable. Although in theory, the issue of risk management is divided into the opportunities and threats management, in practice, most of the projects have been focused on the threats management. However, considering the opportunities management and applying the opportunities-response strategies can lead to the improved profitability of the construction projects of the companies. In this paper, a new technique is developed to identify the opportunities in the construction projects using an improved protocol and propose the appropriate opportunities-response strategies to the construction companies to provide them with higher profitability. To evaluate the effectiveness of the protocol for selecting the most appropriate strategies in ‎response to the opportunities and threats, two projects from a construction company in Iran were ‎studied. Both projects selected were in mid-range in terms of size and similar in terms of time, ‎run time and costs. Finally, the output indicates that using the proposed opportunities-response strategies show that the company's profitability in the future can be increased approximately for similar projects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=opportunities%20management" title="opportunities management">opportunities management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk-response%20strategy" title=" risk-response strategy"> risk-response strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=opportunity-response%20strategy" title=" opportunity-response strategy"> opportunity-response strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=productivity" title=" productivity"> productivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20management" title=" risk management"> risk management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88968/productivity-of-construction-companies-using-the-management-of-threats-and-opportunities-in-construction-projects-of-iran" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88968.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">241</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7116</span> Sliding Mode Control of Bilateral Teleoperation System with Time Delay</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Forouzantabar">Ahmad Forouzantabar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Azadi"> Mohammad Azadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents sliding mode controller for bilateral teleoperation systems with robotic master and slave under constant communication delays. We extend the passivity-based coordination architecture to enhance position and force tracking in the presence of offset in initial conditions, environmental contacts and unknown parameters such as friction coefficient. To address these difficulties, a nonlinear sliding mode controller is designed to approximate the nonlinear dynamics of master and slave robots and improve both position and force tracking. Using the Lyapunov theory, the boundedness of master- slave tracking errors and the stability of the teleoperation system are also guaranteed. Numerical simulations show that proposed controller position and force tracking performances are superior to that of conventional coordination controller tracking performances. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lyapunov%20stability" title="Lyapunov stability">Lyapunov stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teleoperation%20system" title=" teleoperation system"> teleoperation system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20delay" title=" time delay"> time delay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sliding%20mode%20controller" title=" sliding mode controller"> sliding mode controller</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45830/sliding-mode-control-of-bilateral-teleoperation-system-with-time-delay" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45830.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">388</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7115</span> Design and Fabrication of a Programmable Stiffness-Sensitive Gripper for Object Handling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehdi%20Modabberifar">Mehdi Modabberifar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanaz%20Jabary"> Sanaz Jabary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mojtaba%20Ghodsi"> Mojtaba Ghodsi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Stiffness sensing is an important issue in medical diagnostic, robotics surgery, safe handling, and safe grasping of objects in production lines. Detecting and obtaining the characteristics in dwelling lumps embedded in a soft tissue and safe removing and handling of detected lumps is needed in surgery. Also in industry, grasping and handling an object without damaging in a place where it is not possible to access a human operator is very important. In this paper, a method for object handling is presented. It is based on the use of an intelligent gripper to detect the object stiffness and then setting a programmable force for grasping the object to move it. The main components of this system includes sensors (sensors for measuring force and displacement), electrical (electrical and electronic circuits, tactile data processing and force control system), mechanical (gripper mechanism and driving system for the gripper) and the display unit. The system uses a rotary potentiometer for measuring gripper displacement. A microcontroller using the feedback received by the load cell, mounted on the finger of the gripper, calculates the amount of stiffness, and then commands the gripper motor to apply a certain force on the object. Results of Experiments on some samples with different stiffness show that the gripper works successfully. The gripper can be used in haptic interfaces or robotic systems used for object handling. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gripper" title="gripper">gripper</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=haptic" title=" haptic"> haptic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stiffness" title=" stiffness"> stiffness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robotic" title=" robotic"> robotic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50696/design-and-fabrication-of-a-programmable-stiffness-sensitive-gripper-for-object-handling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50696.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">362</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7114</span> Modeling and System Identification of a Variable Excited Linear Direct Drive</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heiko%20Wei%C3%9F">Heiko Weiß</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andreas%20Meister"> Andreas Meister</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christoph%20Ament"> Christoph Ament</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nils%20Dreifke"> Nils Dreifke</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Linear actuators are deployed in a wide range of applications. This paper presents the modeling and system identification of a variable excited linear direct drive (LDD). The LDD is designed based on linear hybrid stepper technology exhibiting the characteristic tooth structure of mover and stator. A three-phase topology provides the thrust force caused by alternating strengthening and weakening of the flux of the legs. To achieve best possible synchronous operation, the phases are commutated sinusoidal. Despite the fact that these LDDs provide high dynamics and drive forces, noise emission limits their operation in calm workspaces. To overcome this drawback an additional excitation of the magnetic circuit is introduced to LDD using additional enabling coils instead of permanent magnets. The new degree of freedom can be used to reduce force variations and related noise by varying the excitation flux that is usually generated by permanent magnets. Hence, an identified simulation model is necessary to analyze the effects of this modification. Especially the force variations must be modeled well in order to reduce them sufficiently. The model can be divided into three parts: the current dynamics, the mechanics and the force functions. These subsystems are described with differential equations or nonlinear analytic functions, respectively. Ordinary nonlinear differential equations are derived and transformed into state space representation. Experiments have been carried out on a test rig to identify the system parameters of the complete model. Static and dynamic simulation based optimizations are utilized for identification. The results are verified in time and frequency domain. Finally, the identified model provides a basis for later design of control strategies to reduce existing force variations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=force%20variations" title="force variations">force variations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20direct%20drive" title=" linear direct drive"> linear direct drive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modeling%20and%20system%20identification" title=" modeling and system identification"> modeling and system identification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variable%20excitation%20flux" title=" variable excitation flux"> variable excitation flux</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58717/modeling-and-system-identification-of-a-variable-excited-linear-direct-drive" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58717.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">372</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7113</span> Transient Analysis of a Spring-Loaded Pressure Relief Valve Using Computational Fluid Dynamics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tolga%20Kahve">Tolga Kahve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ufuk%20%C5%9Eahin"> Ufuk Şahin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pressure relief valves are commonly used in helicopter main rotor damper systems to dampen the loads and vibrations due to the lead-lag effect to which the helicopter is subjected. The preload values of the pressure relief valves are set with the specified springs and the amount of lifts varies according to the fluid pressure force overcoming the spring force. In this study, a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model was developed to study the pressure relief valve lifts, flow rates through the valves, and forces on the piston surfaces for various piston velocities under different flight conditions. The force-velocity curves of the damper, depending on the different helicopter flight conditions which define the dynamic characteristics of the damper system, were also investigated in the study. The transient CFD model with dynamic mesh using vertex motion in the computational domain was used to model the piston motion in the hydraulic damper and to calculate the flow rates through the valves and orifice and the force acting on the piston surfaces in the Star CCM+ software. The results obtained from the CFD studies were verified by comparing them with the test results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD" title="CFD">CFD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20mesh" title=" dynamic mesh"> dynamic mesh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=helicopter" title=" helicopter"> helicopter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydraulic%20damper" title=" hydraulic damper"> hydraulic damper</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=main%20rotor" title=" main rotor"> main rotor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20methods" title=" numerical methods"> numerical methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure%20relief%20valves" title=" pressure relief valves"> pressure relief valves</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/199123/transient-analysis-of-a-spring-loaded-pressure-relief-valve-using-computational-fluid-dynamics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/199123.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7112</span> Non-Destructive Evaluation for Physical State Monitoring of an Angle Section Thin-Walled Curved Beam</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Palash%20Dey">Palash Dey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sudip%20Talukdar"> Sudip Talukdar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, a cross-breed approach is presented for obtaining both the amount of the damage intensity and location of damage existing in thin-walled members. This cross-breed approach is developed based on response surface methodology (RSM) and genetic algorithm (GA). Theoretical finite element (FE) model of cracked angle section thin walled curved beam has been linked to the developed approach to carry out trial experiments to generate response surface functions (RSFs) of free, forced and heterogeneous dynamic response data. Subsequently, the error between the computed response surface functions and measured dynamic response data has been minimized using GA to find out the optimum damage parameters (amount of the damage intensity and location). A single crack of varying location and depth has been considered in this study. The presented approach has been found to reveal good accuracy in prediction of crack parameters and possess great potential in crack detection as it requires only the current response of a cracked beam. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=damage%20parameters" title="damage parameters">damage parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element" title=" finite element"> finite element</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20algorithm" title=" genetic algorithm"> genetic algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=response%20surface%20methodology" title=" response surface methodology"> response surface methodology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thin%20walled%20curved%20beam" title=" thin walled curved beam"> thin walled curved beam</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61679/non-destructive-evaluation-for-physical-state-monitoring-of-an-angle-section-thin-walled-curved-beam" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61679.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">255</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=force%20response&page=8" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=force%20response&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=force%20response&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">...</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a 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