CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="ru" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>initiative — Викисловарь</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )ruwiktionarymwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t."," \t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat" :"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","январь","февраль","март","апрель","май","июнь","июль","август","сентябрь","октябрь","ноябрь","декабрь"],"wgRequestId":"77ce3ba4-20ed-48db-875b-154a73c55267","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"initiative","wgTitle":"initiative","wgCurRevisionId":11874773,"wgRevisionId":11874773,"wgArticleId":29501,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Статьи со ссылками на Википедию/en","Нет сведений о составе слова","Нужно произношение","Статьи без примеров употребления","Нужна этимология","Нужны сведения о морфологии/en","Нужно произношение/en","Нужны сведения о семантике/en", "Нужна этимология/en","Статьи, нуждающиеся в доработке/en","Требуется категоризация/en","Английский язык","Английские существительные","Слова из 10 букв/en"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"ru","wgPageContentLanguage":"ru","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"initiative","wgRelevantArticleId":29501,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wiktionary","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"accuracy":{"levels":2}}},"wgStableRevisionId":11874773,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"ru","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"ru"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false, "wgWMEPageLength":1000,"parsermigration-parsoid":true,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"]};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","mediawiki.action.styles":"ready","mediawiki.interface.helpers.styles":"ready","mediawiki.codex.messagebox.styles":"ready","mediawiki.skinning.content.parsoid":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.flaggedRevs.basic":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage": "ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.flaggedRevs.advanced","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.checkUser.clientHints"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ru&modules=ext.flaggedRevs.basic%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cmediawiki.action.styles%7Cmediawiki.codex.messagebox.styles%7Cmediawiki.interface.helpers.styles%7Cmediawiki.skinning.content.parsoid%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=ru&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ru&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.18"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow,max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Викисловарь"> <meta property="og:title" content="initiative — Викисловарь"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//ru.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/initiative"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Править" href="/w/index.php?title=initiative&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wiktionary.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/piece.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Викисловарь (ru)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//ru.wiktionary.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/initiative"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ru"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Викисловарь — Atom-лента" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B8&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-initiative rootpage-initiative skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Перейти к содержанию</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Главное меню" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Главное меню" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Главное меню</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Главное меню</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">переместить в боковую панель</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">скрыть</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Навигация </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Заглавная-страница" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C:%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0"><span>Заглавная страница</span></a></li><li id="n-Полный-индекс" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F:%D0%92%D1%81%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%8B"><span>Полный индекс</span></a></li><li id="n-Категории" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8"><span>Категории</span></a></li><li id="n-newpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%8B"><span>Новые страницы</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Список последних изменений [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Свежие правки</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Посмотреть случайно выбранную страницу [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Случайная страница</span></a></li><li id="n-statistics" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0"><span>Статистика</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C:%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Место расположения Справки"><span>Справка</span></a></li><li id="n-bug_in_article" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C:%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BE%D0%B1_%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%85" title="Сообщить об ошибке в этой статье"><span>Сообщить об ошибке</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%8B"><span>Служебные страницы</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Сообщество" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Сообщество" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Сообщество </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Форум" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C:%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BC"><span>Форум</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C:%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Информация о текущих событиях"><span>Текущие события</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C:%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wiktionary.svg" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Викисловарь" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wiktionary-wordmark-ru.svg" style="width: 7.6875em; height: 1.25em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Искать в Викисловаре [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Поиск</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Искать в Викисловаре" aria-label="Искать в Викисловаре" autocapitalize="none" title="Искать в Викисловаре [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Служебная:Поиск"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Найти</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Персональные инструменты"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Внешний вид"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Измените внешний вид страницы, размер, ширину и цвет шрифта." > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Внешний вид" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Внешний вид</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=ru.wiktionary.org&uselang=ru" class=""><span>Пожертвовать</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C_%D1%83%D1%87%D1%91%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%8E_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C&returnto=initiative&returntoquery=oldid%3D11874773" title="Мы предлагаем вам создать учётную запись и войти в систему, хотя это и не обязательно." class=""><span>Создать учётную запись</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F:%D0%92%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4&returnto=initiative&returntoquery=oldid%3D11874773" title="Здесь можно зарегистрироваться в системе, но это необязательно. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Войти</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Больше возможностей" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Персональные инструменты" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Персональные инструменты</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Пользовательское меню" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=ru.wiktionary.org&uselang=ru"><span>Пожертвовать</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C_%D1%83%D1%87%D1%91%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%8E_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C&returnto=initiative&returntoquery=oldid%3D11874773" title="Мы предлагаем вам создать учётную запись и войти в систему, хотя это и не обязательно."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Создать учётную запись</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F:%D0%92%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4&returnto=initiative&returntoquery=oldid%3D11874773" title="Здесь можно зарегистрироваться в системе, но это необязательно. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Войти</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Страницы для неавторизованных редакторов <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0:%D0%92%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" aria-label="Подробнее о редактировании"><span>узнать больше</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Список правок, сделанных с этого IP-адреса [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Вклад</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%91_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Страница обсуждений для моего IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Обсуждение</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Содержание" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Содержание</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">переместить в боковую панель</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">скрыть</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Начало</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Английский" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Английский"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span><span>Английский</span></span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Английский-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Отобразить/Скрыть подраздел <span>Английский</span></span> </button> <ul id="toc-Английский-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Морфологические_и_синтаксические_свойства" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Морфологические_и_синтаксические_свойства"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Морфологические и синтаксические свойства</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Морфологические_и_синтаксические_свойства-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Произношение" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Произношение"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Произношение</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Произношение-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Семантические_свойства" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Семантические_свойства"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Семантические свойства</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Семантические_свойства-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Значение" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Значение"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.1</span> <span>Значение</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Значение-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Синонимы" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Синонимы"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.2</span> <span>Синонимы</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Синонимы-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Антонимы" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Антонимы"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.3</span> <span>Антонимы</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Антонимы-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Гиперонимы" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Гиперонимы"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.4</span> <span>Гиперонимы</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Гиперонимы-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Гипонимы" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Гипонимы"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.5</span> <span>Гипонимы</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Гипонимы-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Родственные_слова" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Родственные_слова"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Родственные слова</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Родственные_слова-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Этимология" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Этимология"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Этимология</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Этимология-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Фразеологизмы_и_устойчивые_сочетания" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Фразеологизмы_и_устойчивые_сочетания"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Фразеологизмы и устойчивые сочетания</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Фразеологизмы_и_устойчивые_сочетания-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Библиография" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Библиография"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>Библиография</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Библиография-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Содержание" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Содержание" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Отобразить/Скрыть содержание" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Отобразить/Скрыть содержание</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">initiative</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Перейти к статье на другом языке. Доступно на 37 языках" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-37" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">37 языков</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wiktionary.org/wiki/initiative" title="initiative — азербайджанский" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="initiative" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербайджанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wiktionary.org/wiki/initiative" title="initiative — бенгальский" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="initiative" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгальский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wiktionary.org/wiki/initiative" title="initiative — каталанский" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="initiative" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wiktionary.org/wiki/initiative" title="initiative — чешский" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="initiative" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чешский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wiktionary.org/wiki/initiative" title="initiative — валлийский" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="initiative" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="валлийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wiktionary.org/wiki/initiative" title="initiative — немецкий" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="initiative" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="немецкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wiktionary.org/wiki/initiative" title="initiative — греческий" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="initiative" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="греческий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/initiative" title="initiative — английский" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="initiative" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="английский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/initiative" title="initiative — испанский" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="initiative" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wiktionary.org/wiki/initiative" title="initiative — эстонский" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="initiative" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="эстонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wiktionary.org/wiki/initiative" title="initiative — персидский" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="initiative" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="персидский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wiktionary.org/wiki/initiative" title="initiative — финский" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="initiative" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="финский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/initiative" title="initiative — французский" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="initiative" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="французский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wiktionary.org/wiki/initiative" title="initiative — венгерский" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="initiative" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="венгерский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wiktionary.org/wiki/initiative" title="initiative — армянский" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="initiative" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="армянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wiktionary.org/wiki/initiative" title="initiative — индонезийский" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="initiative" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонезийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wiktionary.org/wiki/initiative" title="initiative — идо" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="initiative" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="идо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wiktionary.org/wiki/initiative" title="initiative — исландский" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="initiative" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="исландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/initiative" title="initiative — итальянский" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="initiative" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="итальянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wiktionary.org/wiki/initiative" title="initiative — каннада" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="initiative" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="каннада" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wiktionary.org/wiki/initiative" title="initiative — корейский" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="initiative" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корейский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wiktionary.org/wiki/initiative" title="initiative — курдский" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="initiative" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="курдский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wiktionary.org/wiki/initiative" title="initiative — малагасийский" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="initiative" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="малагасийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wiktionary.org/wiki/initiative" title="initiative — малаялам" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="initiative" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаялам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wiktionary.org/wiki/initiative" title="initiative — бирманский" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="initiative" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="бирманский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wiktionary.org/wiki/initiative" title="initiative — оромо" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="initiative" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="оромо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wiktionary.org/wiki/initiative" title="initiative — польский" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="initiative" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="польский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sg mw-list-item"><a href="https://sg.wiktionary.org/wiki/initiative" title="initiative — санго" lang="sg" hreflang="sg" data-title="initiative" data-language-autonym="Sängö" data-language-local-name="санго" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sängö</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/initiative" title="initiative — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="initiative" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wiktionary.org/wiki/initiative" title="initiative — шведский" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="initiative" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wiktionary.org/wiki/initiative" title="initiative — тамильский" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="initiative" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамильский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wiktionary.org/wiki/initiative" title="initiative — телугу" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="initiative" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="телугу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/initiative" title="initiative — тайский" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="initiative" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тайский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wiktionary.org/wiki/initiative" title="initiative — турецкий" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="initiative" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турецкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wiktionary.org/wiki/initiative" title="initiative — урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="initiative" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wiktionary.org/wiki/initiative" title="initiative — вьетнамский" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="initiative" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="вьетнамский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/initiative" title="initiative — китайский" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="initiative" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="китайский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Пространства имён"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/initiative" title="Просмотреть контентную страницу [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Статья</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5:initiative&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Обсуждение основной страницы (страница не существует) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Обсуждение</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Изменить вариант языка" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">русский</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Просмотры"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/initiative"><span>Читать</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=initiative&action=edit" title="Редактировать данную страницу [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Править</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=initiative&action=history" title="Журнал изменений страницы [h]" accesskey="h"><span>История</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Инструменты для страниц"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Инструменты" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Инструменты</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Инструменты</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">переместить в боковую панель</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">скрыть</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Больше возможностей" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Действия </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/initiative"><span>Читать</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=initiative&action=edit" title="Редактировать данную страницу [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Править</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=initiative&action=history"><span>История</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Общие </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%81%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B0/initiative" title="Список всех страниц, ссылающихся на данную [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Ссылки сюда</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B8/initiative" rel="nofollow" title="Последние изменения в страницах, на которые ссылается эта страница [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Связанные правки</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=initiative&oldid=11874773" title="Постоянная ссылка на эту версию страницы"><span>Постоянная ссылка</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=initiative&action=info" title="Подробнее об этой странице"><span>Сведения о странице</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F:%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0&page=initiative&id=11874773&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Информация о том, как цитировать эту страницу"><span>Цитировать страницу</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fru.wiktionary.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3Dinitiative%26oldid%3D11874773"><span>Получить короткий URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fru.wiktionary.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3Dinitiative%26oldid%3D11874773"><span>Скачать QR-код</span></a></li><li class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=initiative&useparsoid=0"><span>Переключиться на устаревший парсер</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Печать/экспорт </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F:%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=initiative"><span>Создать книгу</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F:DownloadAsPdf&page=initiative&action=show-download-screen"><span>Скачать как PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=initiative&printable=yes" title="Версия этой страницы для печати [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Версия для печати</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> В других проектах </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Инструменты для страниц"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Внешний вид"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Внешний вид</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">переместить в боковую панель</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">скрыть</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Материал из Викисловаря</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><div class="cdx-message cdx-message--block cdx-message--warning mw-revision"><span class="cdx-message__icon"></span><div class="cdx-message__content"><div id="mw-revision-info">Версия от 10:06, 12 июня 2021; <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA:%D0%92%D0%9C%D0%9D%D0%A1" class="mw-userlink" title="Участник:ВМНС" data-mw-revid="11874773"><bdi>ВМНС</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks">(<a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0:%D0%92%D0%9C%D0%9D%D0%A1" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="Обсуждение участника:ВМНС">обсуждение</a> | <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F:%D0%92%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4/%D0%92%D0%9C%D0%9D%D0%A1" class="mw-usertoollinks-contribs" title="Служебная:Вклад/ВМНС">вклад</a>)</span></div><div id="mw-revision-nav">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=initiative&diff=prev&oldid=11874773" title="initiative">разн.</a>) <a href="/w/index.php?title=initiative&direction=prev&oldid=11874773" title="initiative">← Предыдущая версия</a> | Текущая версия (разн.) | Следующая версия → (разн.)</div></div></div></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div id="mw-fr-revision-tag-old" class="cdx-message mw-fr-message-box cdx-message--block cdx-message--notice flaggedrevs_notice plainlinks noprint"><span class="cdx-message__icon"></span><div class="cdx-message__content"><a class="external text" href="https://ru.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=initiative&stableid=11874773">Досмотренная версия</a> этой страницы, <a class="external text" href="https://ru.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F:%D0%96%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B&type=review&page=initiative">подтверждённая</a> <i>12 июня 2021</i>, была основана на этой версии.</div></div><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ru" dir="ltr" data-mw-parsoid-version="0.21.0.0-alpha17" data-mw-html-version="2.8.0"><section data-mw-section-id="0" id="mwAQ"><table id="cf-top-header" class="plainlinks fmbox fmbox-editnotice " style="background-color:#f6f6f6; border-color: #008" about="#mwt1" typeof="mw:Transclusion" data-mw="{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"Cf","href":"./Шаблон:Cf"},"params":{"1":{"wt":"Initiative"}},"i":0}}]}"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/Файл:Disambig.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img resource="//ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/Файл:Disambig.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Disambig.svg/30px-Disambig.svg.png" decoding="async" data-file-width="230" data-file-height="183" data-file-type="drawing" height="24" width="30" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Disambig.svg/45px-Disambig.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Disambig.svg/60px-Disambig.svg.png 2x" class="mw-file-element"></a></span></td> <td class="mbox-text" style=""> <span class="cf-first">См. также</span> <span class="cf-last"><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="//ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/Initiative" title="Initiative">Initiative</a></span>. </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <table class="metadata mbox-small " style="border:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1); background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); color:inherit; border-color:#008" about="#mwt2" typeof="mw:Transclusion" id="mwAg" data-mw="{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"wikipedia","href":"./Шаблон:wikipedia"},"params":{"lang":{"wt":"en"}},"i":0}}]}"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/Файл:Wikipedia-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img resource="//ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/Файл:Wikipedia-logo.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/24px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94" data-file-type="drawing" height="22" width="24" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/36px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/48px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" class="mw-file-element"></a></span></td> <td class="mbox-text" style=""> В <a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="//ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/английский_язык" title="английский язык">англ.</a> <a rel="mw:WikiLink/Interwiki" href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Main_Page" title="w:en:Main Page" class="extiw">Википедии</a> есть статья «<span lang="en"><a rel="mw:WikiLink/Interwiki" href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:initiative" title="w:en:initiative" class="extiw">initiative</a></span>». </td> </tr> </tbody></table><link rel="mw:PageProp/Category" href="./Категория:Статьи_со_ссылками_на_Википедию/en" about="#mwt2" id="mwAw"> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" id="mwBA" data-mw="{"autoGenerated":true}"></section><section data-mw-section-id="1" id="mwBQ"><div class="mw-heading mw-heading1" id="mwAA"><h1 id="Английский"><span id=".D0.90.D0.BD.D0.B3.D0.BB.D0.B8.D0.B9.D1.81.D0.BA.D0.B8.D0.B9" typeof="mw:FallbackId"></span><span about="#mwt3" typeof="mw:Transclusion" id="mwBg" data-mw="{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"-en-","href":"./Шаблон:-en-"},"params":{},"i":0}}]}">Английский</span><link rel="mw:PageProp/Category" href="./Категория:Английский_язык#initiative" about="#mwt3" id="mwBw"></h1><span class="mw-editsection" id="mwNw"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" id="mwOA">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=initiative&action=edit&section=1" title="Редактировать раздел «Английский»" id="mwOQ"><span id="mwOg">править</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" id="mwOw">]</span></span></div> <section data-mw-section-id="2" id="mwCA"><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3" id="mwPA"><h3 id="Морфологические_и_синтаксические_свойства"><span id=".D0.9C.D0.BE.D1.80.D1.84.D0.BE.D0.BB.D0.BE.D0.B3.D0.B8.D1.87.D0.B5.D1.81.D0.BA.D0.B8.D0.B5_.D0.B8_.D1.81.D0.B8.D0.BD.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.BA.D1.81.D0.B8.D1.87.D0.B5.D1.81.D0.BA.D0.B8.D0.B5_.D1.81.D0.B2.D0.BE.D0.B9.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B2.D0.B0" typeof="mw:FallbackId"></span>Морфологические и синтаксические свойства</h3><span class="mw-editsection" id="mwPQ"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" id="mwPg">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=initiative&action=edit&section=2" title="Редактировать раздел «Морфологические и синтаксические свойства»" id="mwPw"><span id="mwQA">править</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" id="mwQQ">]</span></span></div> <p about="#mwt4" typeof="mw:Transclusion" id="mwCQ" data-mw="{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"сущ en\n","href":"./Шаблон:сущ_en"},"params":{"основа":{"wt":""},"слоги":{"wt":"{{по-слогам|initiative}}"}},"i":0}}]}"><b>initiative</b></p><span about="#mwt4"> </span><p about="#mwt4">Существительное.<link rel="mw:PageProp/Category" href="./Категория:Английские_существительные"></p> <p id="mwCg"><span about="#mwt5" typeof="mw:Transclusion" id="mwCw" data-mw="{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"морфо","href":"./Шаблон:морфо"},"params":{"прист1":{"wt":""},"корень1":{"wt":""},"суфф1":{"wt":""},"оконч":{"wt":""},"частица":{"wt":""}},"i":0}}]}">Корень: </span><b about="#mwt5">--</b><span about="#mwt5">.</span><link rel="mw:PageProp/Category" href="./Категория:Нет_сведений_о_составе_слова" about="#mwt5" id="mwDA"></p> </section><section data-mw-section-id="3" id="mwDQ"><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3" id="mwQg"><h3 id="Произношение"><span id=".D0.9F.D1.80.D0.BE.D0.B8.D0.B7.D0.BD.D0.BE.D1.88.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.B8.D0.B5" typeof="mw:FallbackId"></span>Произношение</h3><span class="mw-editsection" id="mwQw"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" id="mwRA">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=initiative&action=edit&section=3" title="Редактировать раздел «Произношение»" id="mwRQ"><span id="mwRg">править</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" id="mwRw">]</span></span></div> <ul class="transcription" style="margin-left:0; list-style:none;" about="#mwt6" typeof="mw:Transclusion" id="mwDg" data-mw="{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"transcription","href":"./Шаблон:transcription"},"params":{"1":{"wt":""},"2":{"wt":""}},"i":0}}]}"></ul><link rel="mw:PageProp/Category" href="./Категория:Нужно_произношение" about="#mwt6" id="mwDw"> </section><section data-mw-section-id="4" id="mwEA"><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3" id="mwSA"><h3 id="Семантические_свойства"><span id=".D0.A1.D0.B5.D0.BC.D0.B0.D0.BD.D1.82.D0.B8.D1.87.D0.B5.D1.81.D0.BA.D0.B8.D0.B5_.D1.81.D0.B2.D0.BE.D0.B9.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B2.D0.B0" typeof="mw:FallbackId"></span>Семантические свойства</h3><span class="mw-editsection" id="mwSQ"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" id="mwSg">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=initiative&action=edit&section=4" title="Редактировать раздел «Семантические свойства»" id="mwSw"><span id="mwTA">править</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" id="mwTQ">]</span></span></div> <section data-mw-section-id="5" id="mwEQ"><div class="mw-heading mw-heading4" id="mwTg"><h4 id="Значение"><span id=".D0.97.D0.BD.D0.B0.D1.87.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.B8.D0.B5" typeof="mw:FallbackId"></span>Значение</h4><span class="mw-editsection" id="mwTw"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" id="mwUA">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=initiative&action=edit&section=5" title="Редактировать раздел «Значение»" id="mwUQ"><span id="mwUg">править</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" id="mwUw">]</span></span></div> <ol id="mwEg"><li id="mwEw"><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="//ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/инициатива" title="инициатива" id="mwFA">инициатива</a> <span class="example-fullblock example-absent-block" about="#mwt7" typeof="mw:Transclusion" id="mwFQ" data-mw="{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"пример","href":"./Шаблон:пример"},"params":{"1":{"wt":""},"перевод":{"wt":""}},"i":0}}]}"><span typeof="mw:Entity">◆</span><span typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><span class="example-block" style="color:darkgreen"><span class="example-absent" style="color:darkorange">Отсутствует пример употребления (см. <a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="//ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/Викисловарь:ЦИТ" title="Викисловарь:ЦИТ" class="mw-redirect"><span class="example-recommendations" style="color:darkorange; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: inherit; -moz-text-decoration-color: darkorange; text-decoration-color: darkorange;">рекомендации</span></a>).</span><link rel="mw:PageProp/Category" href="./Категория:Статьи_без_примеров_употребления"> <span class="example-details" style="font-size:smaller;"> <i><span class="citation-source"> </span></i></span></span></span></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt" id="mwFg"></li></ol> </section><section data-mw-section-id="6" id="mwFw"><div class="mw-heading mw-heading4" id="mwVA"><h4 id="Синонимы"><span id=".D0.A1.D0.B8.D0.BD.D0.BE.D0.BD.D0.B8.D0.BC.D1.8B" typeof="mw:FallbackId"></span>Синонимы</h4><span class="mw-editsection" id="mwVQ"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" id="mwVg">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=initiative&action=edit&section=6" title="Редактировать раздел «Синонимы»" id="mwVw"><span id="mwWA">править</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" id="mwWQ">]</span></span></div> <ol id="mwGA"><li class="mw-empty-elt" id="mwGQ"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt" id="mwGg"></li></ol> </section><section data-mw-section-id="7" id="mwGw"><div class="mw-heading mw-heading4" id="mwWg"><h4 id="Антонимы"><span id=".D0.90.D0.BD.D1.82.D0.BE.D0.BD.D0.B8.D0.BC.D1.8B" typeof="mw:FallbackId"></span>Антонимы</h4><span class="mw-editsection" id="mwWw"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" id="mwXA">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=initiative&action=edit&section=7" title="Редактировать раздел «Антонимы»" id="mwXQ"><span id="mwXg">править</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" id="mwXw">]</span></span></div> <ol id="mwHA"><li class="mw-empty-elt" id="mwHQ"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt" id="mwHg"></li></ol> </section><section data-mw-section-id="8" id="mwHw"><div class="mw-heading mw-heading4" id="mwYA"><h4 id="Гиперонимы"><span id=".D0.93.D0.B8.D0.BF.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.BE.D0.BD.D0.B8.D0.BC.D1.8B" typeof="mw:FallbackId"></span>Гиперонимы</h4><span class="mw-editsection" id="mwYQ"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" id="mwYg">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=initiative&action=edit&section=8" title="Редактировать раздел «Гиперонимы»" id="mwYw"><span id="mwZA">править</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" id="mwZQ">]</span></span></div> <ol id="mwIA"><li class="mw-empty-elt" id="mwIQ"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt" id="mwIg"></li></ol> </section><section data-mw-section-id="9" id="mwIw"><div class="mw-heading mw-heading4" id="mwZg"><h4 id="Гипонимы"><span id=".D0.93.D0.B8.D0.BF.D0.BE.D0.BD.D0.B8.D0.BC.D1.8B" typeof="mw:FallbackId"></span>Гипонимы</h4><span class="mw-editsection" id="mwZw"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" id="mwaA">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=initiative&action=edit&section=9" title="Редактировать раздел «Гипонимы»" id="mwaQ"><span id="mwag">править</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" id="mwaw">]</span></span></div> <ol id="mwJA"><li class="mw-empty-elt" id="mwJQ"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt" id="mwJg"></li></ol> </section></section><section data-mw-section-id="10" id="mwJw"><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3" id="mwbA"><h3 id="Родственные_слова"><span id=".D0.A0.D0.BE.D0.B4.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B2.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.BD.D1.8B.D0.B5_.D1.81.D0.BB.D0.BE.D0.B2.D0.B0" typeof="mw:FallbackId"></span>Родственные слова</h3><span class="mw-editsection" id="mwbQ"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" id="mwbg">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=initiative&action=edit&section=10" title="Редактировать раздел «Родственные слова»" id="mwbw"><span id="mwcA">править</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" id="mwcQ">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="margin: 0 0 0.2em; border-width: 1px" data-collapsetext="скрыть" data-expandtext="показать" about="#mwt8" typeof="mw:Transclusion" id="mwKA" data-mw="{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"родств-блок\n","href":"./Шаблон:родств-блок"},"params":{"умласк":{"wt":""},"уничиж":{"wt":""},"увелич":{"wt":""},"имена-собственные":{"wt":""},"существительные":{"wt":""},"прилагательные":{"wt":""},"числительные":{"wt":""},"местоимения":{"wt":""},"глаголы":{"wt":""},"наречия":{"wt":""},"причастия":{"wt":""},"предлоги":{"wt":""}},"i":0}}]}"> <tbody><tr><td style="background-color: #efefef; text-align:left; border-right:0; font-size: 95%; font-weight: bold; padding-left:5px;" width="100%" class="block-head">Ближайшее родство</td> <th style="background-color: #efefef; font-size:smaller; border-left:0;" class="block-head"></th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="block-body"></td></tr> </tbody></table> </section><section data-mw-section-id="11" id="mwKQ"><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3" id="mwcg"><h3 id="Этимология"><span id=".D0.AD.D1.82.D0.B8.D0.BC.D0.BE.D0.BB.D0.BE.D0.B3.D0.B8.D1.8F" typeof="mw:FallbackId"></span>Этимология</h3><span class="mw-editsection" id="mwcw"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" id="mwdA">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=initiative&action=edit&section=11" title="Редактировать раздел «Этимология»" id="mwdQ"><span id="mwdg">править</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" id="mwdw">]</span></span></div> <p id="mwKg">Происходит от <span about="#mwt9" typeof="mw:Transclusion" id="mwKw" data-mw="{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"этимология:","href":"./Шаблон:этимология:"},"params":{"1":{"wt":"en"}},"i":0}}]}">??</span><link rel="mw:PageProp/Category" href="./Категория:Нужна_этимология" about="#mwt9" id="mwLA"></p> </section><section data-mw-section-id="12" id="mwLQ"><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3" id="mweA"><h3 id="Фразеологизмы_и_устойчивые_сочетания"><span id=".D0.A4.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.B7.D0.B5.D0.BE.D0.BB.D0.BE.D0.B3.D0.B8.D0.B7.D0.BC.D1.8B_.D0.B8_.D1.83.D1.81.D1.82.D0.BE.D0.B9.D1.87.D0.B8.D0.B2.D1.8B.D0.B5_.D1.81.D0.BE.D1.87.D0.B5.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.8F" typeof="mw:FallbackId"></span>Фразеологизмы и устойчивые сочетания</h3><span class="mw-editsection" id="mweQ"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" id="mweg">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=initiative&action=edit&section=12" title="Редактировать раздел «Фразеологизмы и устойчивые сочетания»" id="mwew"><span id="mwfA">править</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" id="mwfQ">]</span></span></div> <ul id="mwLg"><li class="mw-empty-elt" id="mwLw"></li></ul> </section><section data-mw-section-id="13" id="mwMA"><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3" id="mwfg"><h3 id="Библиография"><span id=".D0.91.D0.B8.D0.B1.D0.BB.D0.B8.D0.BE.D0.B3.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.84.D0.B8.D1.8F" typeof="mw:FallbackId"></span>Библиография</h3><span class="mw-editsection" id="mwfw"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" id="mwgA">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=initiative&action=edit&section=13" title="Редактировать раздел «Библиография»" id="mwgQ"><span id="mwgg">править</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" id="mwgw">]</span></span></div> <ul id="mwMQ"><li class="mw-empty-elt" id="mwMg"></li></ul> <table class="plainlinks fmbox fmbox-editnotice stub-main-footer" style="background-color:#eeffee; border-color: #33bb33; margin-top: 0.5em !important;" about="#mwt10" typeof="mw:Transclusion" id="mwMw" data-mw="{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"unfinished","href":"./Шаблон:unfinished"},"params":{"1":{"wt":"en"},"s":{"wt":"1"},"p":{"wt":"1"},"e":{"wt":"1"},"m":{"wt":"1"}},"i":0}}]}"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/Файл:Interrobang.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img resource="//ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/Файл:Interrobang.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Interrobang.svg/30px-Interrobang.svg.png" decoding="async" data-file-width="75" data-file-height="145" data-file-type="drawing" height="58" width="30" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Interrobang.svg/45px-Interrobang.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Interrobang.svg/60px-Interrobang.svg.png 2x" class="mw-file-element"></a></span></td> <td class="mbox-text" style=""> <b>Статья нуждается в доработке</b>.<br> <p>Это <a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="//ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/Категория:Статьи,_нуждающиеся_в_доработке" title="Категория:Статьи, нуждающиеся в доработке">незаконченная статья</a>. Вы можете помочь проекту, <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="mw:ExtLink" href="//ru.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=initiative&action=edit" class="external text">исправив и дополнив её</a></span>. <br>В частности, следует уточнить сведения о:<b></b></p> <ul><li><link rel="mw:PageProp/Category" href="./Категория:Нужны_сведения_о_морфологии/en">морфологии</li> <li><link rel="mw:PageProp/Category" href="./Категория:Нужно_произношение/en">произношении</li> <li><link rel="mw:PageProp/Category" href="./Категория:Нужны_сведения_о_семантике/en">семантике</li> <li><link rel="mw:PageProp/Category" href="./Категория:Нужна_этимология/en">этимологии<b><br></b></li></ul> (См. <a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="//ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/Викисловарь:Справка" title="Викисловарь:Справка">Общепринятые правила</a>). </td> </tr> </tbody></table><link rel="mw:PageProp/Category" href="./Категория:Статьи,_нуждающиеся_в_доработке/en#initiative" about="#mwt10" id="mwNA"> <link rel="mw:PageProp/Category" href="./Категория:Требуется_категоризация/en" about="#mwt11" typeof="mw:Transclusion" id="mwNQ" data-mw="{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"Категория","href":"./Шаблон:Категория"},"params":{"язык":{"wt":"en"},"1":{"wt":""},"2":{"wt":""},"3":{"wt":""}},"i":0}}]}"> <link rel="mw:PageProp/Category" href="./Категория:Слова_из_10_букв/en" about="#mwt12" typeof="mw:Transclusion" id="mwNg" data-mw="{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"длина слова","href":"./Шаблон:длина_слова"},"params":{"1":{"wt":"10"},"lang":{"wt":"en"}},"i":0}}]}"></section></section>     </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Источник — <a dir="ltr" href="https://ru.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=initiative&oldid=11874773">https://ru.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=initiative&oldid=11874773</a></div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Служебная:Категории">Категории</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Категория:Английский язык">Английский язык</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%83%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5" title="Категория:Английские существительные">Английские существительные</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%B7_10_%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B2/en" title="Категория:Слова из 10 букв/en">Слова из 10 букв/en</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Скрытые категории: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8E/en" title="Категория:Статьи со ссылками на Википедию/en">Статьи со ссылками на Википедию/en</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%82_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Категория:Нет сведений о составе слова">Нет сведений о составе слова</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Категория:Нужно произношение">Нужно произношение</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%B8_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B7_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Категория:Статьи без примеров употребления">Статьи без примеров употребления</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Категория:Нужна этимология">Нужна этимология</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BE_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B8/en" title="Категория:Нужны сведения о морфологии/en">Нужны сведения о морфологии/en</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5/en" title="Категория:Нужно произношение/en">Нужно произношение/en</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B5/en" title="Категория:Нужны сведения о семантике/en">Нужны сведения о семантике/en</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F/en" title="Категория:Нужна этимология/en">Нужна этимология/en</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%B8,_%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%8E%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%8F_%D0%B2_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B5/en" title="Категория:Статьи, нуждающиеся в доработке/en">Статьи, нуждающиеся в доработке/en</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F/en" title="Категория:Требуется категоризация/en">Требуется категоризация/en</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Эта страница в последний раз была отредактирована 12 июня 2021 в 10:06.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Текст доступен по <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ru">лицензии Creative Commons «С указанием авторства — С сохранением условий» (CC BY-SA)</a>; в отдельных случаях могут действовать дополнительные условия. Подробнее см. <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Policy:Terms_of_Use/ru">Условия использования</a>.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy/ru">Политика конфиденциальности</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C:%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5">Описание Викисловаря</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C:%D0%9E%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7_%D0%BE%D1%82_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8">Отказ от ответственности</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Кодекс поведения</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Разработчики</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/ru.wiktionary.org">Статистика</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Заявление о куки</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//ru.m.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=initiative&oldid=11874773&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Мобильная версия</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia.svg" width="25" height="25" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" lang="en" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Поиск</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Искать в Викисловаре"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Служебная:Поиск"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Найти</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Содержание" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Отобразить/Скрыть содержание" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Отобразить/Скрыть содержание</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">initiative</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>37 языков</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Добавить тему</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c66dc9bfb-mj7jb","wgBackendResponseTime":371,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.149","walltime":"0.178","ppvisitednodes":{"value":1017,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":10767,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":2538,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":11,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":0,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 127.528 1 -total"," 18.53% 23.634 1 Шаблон:Cf"," 18.05% 23.016 2 Шаблон:fmbox"," 16.65% 21.238 2 Шаблон:aslinks"," 7.38% 9.406 1 Шаблон:wikipedia"," 5.78% 7.367 1 Шаблон:Википедия"," 4.63% 5.906 1 Шаблон:родств-блок"," 4.58% 5.843 1 Шаблон:сущ_en"," 4.33% 5.526 1 Шаблон:side_box"," 3.87% 4.935 1 Шаблон:Категория"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.006","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":648834,"limit":104857600}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c66dc9bfb-mj7jb","timestamp":"20250227173059","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> </body> </html>