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for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">个人工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&uselang=zh"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E7%84%A6%E8%B7%9D" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E7%84%A6%E8%B7%9D" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-薄透鏡的近似值" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#薄透鏡的近似值"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>薄透鏡的近似值</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-薄透鏡的近似值-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-一般的光學系統" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#一般的光學系統"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>一般的光學系統</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-一般的光學系統-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-在攝影上" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#在攝影上"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>在攝影上</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-在攝影上-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-相關條目" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#相關條目"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>相關條目</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-相關條目-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考資料" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考資料"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>參考資料</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考資料-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>外部連結</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">焦距</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。55种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-55" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">55种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fokusafstand" title="Fokusafstand – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Fokusafstand" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B9%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D8%A4%D8%B1%D9%8A" title="بعد بؤري – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بعد بؤري" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distancia_focal" title="Distancia focal – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Distancia focal" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brennweidn" title="Brennweidn – 巴伐利亞文" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Brennweidn" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="巴伐利亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%86%D1%8C" title="Фокусная адлегласць – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Фокусная адлегласць" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Фокусно разстояние – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Фокусно разстояние" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8_%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC" title="ফোকাস দূরত্ব – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ফোকাস দূরত্ব" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dist%C3%A0ncia_focal" title="Distància focal – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Distància focal" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohniskov%C3%A1_vzd%C3%A1lenost" title="Ohnisková vzdálenost – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ohnisková vzdálenost" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C3%A6ndvidde" title="Brændvidde – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Brændvidde" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brennweite" title="Brennweite – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Brennweite" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B7" title="Εστιακή απόσταση – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Εστιακή απόσταση" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Focal_length" title="Focal length – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Focal length" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%88efa_fokusa_distanco" title="Ĉefa fokusa distanco – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ĉefa fokusa distanco" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distancia_focal" title="Distancia focal – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Distancia focal" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fookuskaugus" title="Fookuskaugus – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Fookuskaugus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foku-distantzia" title="Foku-distantzia – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Foku-distantzia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%84%D9%87_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="فاصله کانونی عدسی – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فاصله کانونی عدسی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polttov%C3%A4li" title="Polttoväli – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Polttoväli" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Focale" title="Focale – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Focale" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80" title="फोकस दूरी – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="फोकस दूरी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDari%C5%A1na_duljina" title="Žarišna duljina – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Žarišna duljina" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distans_fokal" title="Distans fokal – 海地克里奥尔语" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Distans fokal" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="海地克里奥尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B3kuszt%C3%A1vols%C3%A1g" title="Fókusztávolság – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Fókusztávolság" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distantia_focal" title="Distantia focal – 国际语" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Distantia focal" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="国际语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jarak_fokus" title="Jarak fokus – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Jarak fokus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunghezza_focale" title="Lunghezza focale – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lunghezza focale" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%84%A6%E7%82%B9%E8%B7%9D%E9%9B%A2" title="焦点距離 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="焦点距離" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B4%88%EC%A0%90%EA%B1%B0%EB%A6%AC" title="초점거리 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="초점거리" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brennw%C3%A4it" title="Brennwäit – 卢森堡语" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Brennwäit" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="卢森堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDidinio_nuotolis" title="Židinio nuotolis – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Židinio nuotolis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="ഫോക്കസ് ദൂരം – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഫോക്കസ് ദൂരം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jarak_fokus" title="Jarak fokus – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Jarak fokus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brandpuntsafstand" title="Brandpuntsafstand – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Brandpuntsafstand" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brennvidd" title="Brennvidd – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Brennvidd" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brennvidde" title="Brennvidde – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Brennvidde" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Focala" title="Focala – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Focala" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ogniskowa" title="Ogniskowa – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ogniskowa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dist%C3%A2ncia_focal" title="Distância focal – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Distância focal" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distan%C8%9B%C4%83_focal%C4%83" title="Distanță focală – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Distanță focală" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Фокусное расстояние – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Фокусное расстояние" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDari%C5%A1na_duljina" title="Žarišna duljina – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Žarišna duljina" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Focal_length" title="Focal length – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Focal length" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohniskov%C3%A1_vzdialenos%C5%A5" title="Ohnisková vzdialenosť – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ohnisková vzdialenosť" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gori%C5%A1%C4%8Dna_razdalja" title="Goriščna razdalja – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Goriščna razdalja" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDi%C5%BEna_daljina" title="Žižna daljina – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Žižna daljina" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C3%A4nnvidd" title="Brännvidd – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Brännvidd" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="குவியத் தூரம் – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="குவியத் தூரம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA" title="ความยาวโฟกัส – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ความยาวโฟกัส" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odak" title="Odak – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Odak" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Фокусна відстань – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Фокусна відстань" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D9%88%D9%84_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9%DB%81" title="طول ماسکہ – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="طول ماسکہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fokus_masofasi" title="Fokus masofasi – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Fokus masofasi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%C3%AAu_c%E1%BB%B1" title="Tiêu cự – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tiêu cự" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%84%A6%E8%B7%9D" title="焦距 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="焦距" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q193540#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" 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data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Frame"><a href="/wiki/File:Focal-length.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/Focal-length.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="543" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="543" /></a><figcaption>正透鏡、負透鏡、凹面鏡和凸面鏡的焦點F和焦距f。</figcaption></figure> <p><b>焦距</b>，也稱為<b>焦長</b>，是<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="光學">光學</a>系統中衡量光的聚集或發散的度量方式，指從<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%8F%E9%95%9C#光心" title="透镜">透鏡中心</a>到光聚集之<a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A6%E9%BB%9E" title="焦點">焦點</a>的距離。亦是<a href="/wiki/%E7%85%A7%E7%9B%B8%E6%A9%9F" title="照相機">照相機</a>中，從鏡片光學中心到<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%95%E7%89%87" title="底片">底片</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%8D%B7%E8%80%A6%E5%90%88%E5%85%83%E4%BB%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="電荷耦合元件">CCD</a>或<a href="/wiki/CMOS" class="mw-redirect" title="CMOS">CMOS</a>等成像平面的距離。具有短焦距的光學系統比長焦距的光學系統有更佳聚集光的能力。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="薄透鏡的近似值"><span id=".E8.96.84.E9.80.8F.E9.8F.A1.E7.9A.84.E8.BF.91.E4.BC.BC.E5.80.BC"></span>薄透鏡的近似值</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A6%E8%B7%9D&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：薄透鏡的近似值"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>在空氣中的<a href="/wiki/%E8%96%84%E9%80%8F%E9%8F%A1" title="薄透鏡">薄透鏡</a>，焦距是由<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%8F%E9%8F%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="透鏡">透鏡</a>的中心至<a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A6%E9%BB%9E" title="焦點">主焦點</a>的距離。對一個匯聚透鏡（例如一個<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%8F%E9%8F%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="透鏡">凸透鏡</a>），焦距是正值，而一束<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BA%96%E7%9B%B4%E5%85%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="準直光（页面不存在）">平行光</a>將會聚集在一個點上。對一個發散透鏡（例如一個<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%8F%E9%8F%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="透鏡">凹透鏡</a>），焦距是負值，而一束平行光在通過透鏡之後將會擴散開。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="一般的光學系統"><span id=".E4.B8.80.E8.88.AC.E7.9A.84.E5.85.89.E5.AD.B8.E7.B3.BB.E7.B5.B1"></span>一般的光學系統</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A6%E8%B7%9D&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：一般的光學系統"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>對<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9A%E9%80%8F%E9%8F%A1" title="厚透鏡">厚透鏡</a>（厚度不能忽略的透鏡），或是有好幾片透鏡或面鏡的系統（像是<a href="/wiki/%E9%8F%A1%E9%A0%AD" title="鏡頭">照相機鏡頭</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9B%E9%81%A0%E9%8F%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="望遠鏡">望遠鏡</a>），焦距通常會以<b>有效焦距</b>（<span lang="en"><b>EFL，effective focal length</b></span>）來表示，以與一般常用的參數有所區別： </p> <ul><li><b>前焦距</b>（FFD）或<b>前焦長</b>（FFL）是系統前方的焦點至<i>第一個光學表面</i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%A8%E9%9D%A2%E9%A0%82%E9%BB%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="表面頂點（页面不存在）">頂點</a>的距離。</li> <li><b>後焦距</b>（BFD）或<b>後焦長</b>（BFL）是系統<i>最後一個光學表面</i>頂點至後方焦點的距離。</li></ul> <p>在空氣中的一個光學系統，有效焦距是由前面和後面的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%BB%E5%B9%B3%E9%9D%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="主平面（页面不存在）">主平面</a>至對應的焦點的距離。如果周圍的環境不是空氣，則距離要乘上該物質的<a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%98%E5%B0%84%E7%B3%BB%E6%95%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="折射系數">折射系數</a>。有些作者稱這個距離為前（後）焦距，以與上面定義的前（後）焦點<i>距離</i>有所區別。 </p><p>通常，焦距或有效焦距是描述光學系統聚集光線能力的值，並且常被用來計算<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BE%E5%A4%A7%E5%80%8D%E6%95%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="放大倍数">放大倍數</a>。其他的參數則被用來計算一個特定對象的<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%B1%E5%83%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="影像">影像</a>將會在什麼位置上形成。 </p><p>對在空氣中厚度為<i>d</i>，<i>R</i><sub>1</sub>和<i>R</i><sub>2</sub>為透鏡的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B2%E7%8E%87%E5%8D%8A%E5%BE%84" title="曲率半径">曲率半径</a>，有效焦距為： </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {1}{f}}=(n-1)\left[{\frac {1}{R_{1}}}-{\frac {1}{R_{2}}}+{\frac {(n-1)2d}{nR_{1}R_{2}}}\right],}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mi>f</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mrow> <mo>[</mo> <mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>−</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>d</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>]</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {1}{f}}=(n-1)\left[{\frac {1}{R_{1}}}-{\frac {1}{R_{2}}}+{\frac {(n-1)2d}{nR_{1}R_{2}}}\right],}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/1c479f8170808537554af80f6f29091448250184" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.505ex; width:39.707ex; height:6.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {1}{f}}=(n-1)\left[{\frac {1}{R_{1}}}-{\frac {1}{R_{2}}}+{\frac {(n-1)2d}{nR_{1}R_{2}}}\right],}"></span></dd></dl> <p>此處<i>n</i>是透鏡材料的<a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%98%E5%B0%84%E7%8E%87" title="折射率">折射率</a>，數值1/<i>f</i> 就是這個透鏡的<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%AD%B8%E5%80%8D%E7%8E%87" title="光學倍率">光學倍率</a>。 </p><p>對應前端透鏡的焦距是： </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mbox{FFD}}=f\left(1+{\frac {(n-1)2d}{nR_{2}}}\right),}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext>FFD</mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mi>f</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>d</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\mbox{FFD}}=f\left(1+{\frac {(n-1)2d}{nR_{2}}}\right),}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/df7af9ef98d469a1274673f97c94b8af3a3ac2f6" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.505ex; width:28.455ex; height:6.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\mbox{FFD}}=f\left(1+{\frac {(n-1)2d}{nR_{2}}}\right),}"></span></dd></dl> <p>後端透鏡焦距是: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mbox{BFD}}=f\left(1-{\frac {(n-1)2d}{nR_{1}}}\right).}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext>BFD</mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mi>f</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>−</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>d</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>.</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\mbox{BFD}}=f\left(1-{\frac {(n-1)2d}{nR_{1}}}\right).}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/8055cff1be7b5003058afcce266645150c2c4615" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.505ex; width:28.582ex; height:6.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\mbox{BFD}}=f\left(1-{\frac {(n-1)2d}{nR_{1}}}\right).}"></span></dd></dl> <p>以最常見的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A8%99%E7%A4%BA%E7%BF%92%E6%85%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="標示習慣（页面不存在）">標示習慣</a>，如果第一個表面的透鏡是凸透鏡，<i>R</i><sub>1</sub>的數值是正值，如果是凹透鏡則是負值；如果第二個表面是凹透鏡，<i>R</i><sub>2</sub>的數值是正值，如果是凸透鏡則是負值。要注意的是，即使如此，不同的作者仍可能會有不同的標示習慣。 </p><p>對一個<a href="/wiki/%E7%90%83%E5%BD%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="球形">球形</a>曲率的<a href="/wiki/%E9%8F%A1%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="鏡子">鏡子</a>，焦距等於鏡子的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B2%E7%8E%87%E5%8D%8A%E5%BE%91" class="mw-redirect" title="曲率半徑">曲率半徑</a>的一半。<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B2%E9%9D%A2%E9%8F%A1" title="曲面鏡">凹面鏡</a>的焦距是正值，<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B2%E9%9D%A2%E9%8F%A1" title="曲面鏡">凸面鏡</a>的焦距是負值。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="在攝影上"><span id=".E5.9C.A8.E6.94.9D.E5.BD.B1.E4.B8.8A"></span>在攝影上</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A6%E8%B7%9D&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：在攝影上"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>當將攝影鏡頭調整到無限遠時，其實是一個有名無實的焦距。在設計上，是將透鏡的主平面與底片或成像感測器的距離調整為焦距的長度，然後，遠距離的物體就能在底片或感測器上形成清晰的影像。當鏡頭要拍攝比較接近的物體時，是鏡頭的主平面与成像检测器或胶片的距离发生变化，使得有限距离的物体得以清晰成像。 </p><p>焦距通常使用毫米（mm）來標示，但仍然可能看見一些使用厘米（cm）或<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%90%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="英吋">英吋</a>標示的老鏡頭。視野的大小取決於鏡頭的焦距和<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%95%E7%89%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F" title="底片格式">底片大小</a>的比例。由於最大眾化的是<a href="/wiki/135%E5%BA%95%E7%89%87" title="135底片">35mm規格</a>，鏡頭的視野經常是根據這種規格標示的。對<a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E9%8F%A1%E9%A0%AD" title="標準鏡頭">標準鏡頭</a>（50mm）、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%A3%E8%A7%92%E9%8F%A1%E9%A0%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="廣角鏡頭">廣角鏡頭</a>（24mm）、<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%A0%E6%94%9D%E9%8F%A1%E9%A0%AD" title="遠攝鏡頭">望遠鏡頭</a>（500mm）視野都是不一樣的。對<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B8%E4%BD%8D%E7%9B%B8%E6%A9%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="數位相機">數位相機</a>上也是一樣，它們的感光器比一般傳統的35mm底片還要更小，所以相對的只要更短的焦距，就可以得到相同的影像。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="相關條目"><span id=".E7.9B.B8.E9.97.9C.E6.A2.9D.E7.9B.AE"></span>相關條目</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A6%E8%B7%9D&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：相關條目"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AF%E6%B7%B1" title="景深">景深</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A6%E6%AF%94" title="焦比">焦比</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%88%E5%85%89%E5%BA%A6" title="屈光度">屈光度</a>（折光度）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A6%E9%BB%9E" title="焦點">焦點</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E9%8F%A1%E9%A0%AD" title="標準鏡頭">標準鏡頭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%A3%E8%A7%92%E9%8F%A1%E9%A0%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="廣角鏡頭">廣角鏡頭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%A0%E6%94%9D%E9%8F%A1%E9%A0%AD" title="遠攝鏡頭">望遠鏡頭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B2%E7%8E%87%E5%8D%8A%E5%BE%91_(%E5%85%89%E5%AD%A6)" title="曲率半徑 (光学)">曲率半徑 (光学)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考資料"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E8.B3.87.E6.96.99"></span>參考資料</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A6%E8%B7%9D&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：參考資料"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r80540462">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><cite class="citation book">Grievenkamp, John E. Field Guide to Geometrical Optics. SPIE Field Guides vol. <b>FG01</b>. SPIE. 2004. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9780819452948" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-8194-5294-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%84%A6%E8%B7%9D&rft.aufirst=John+E.&rft.aulast=Grievenkamp&rft.btitle=Field+Guide+to+Geometrical+Optics&rft.date=2004&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=SPIE&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Hecht, Eugene. Optics 4th ed. Pearson Education. 2001. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9780805385663" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-8053-8566-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%84%A6%E8%B7%9D&rft.aufirst=Eugene&rft.aulast=Hecht&rft.btitle=Optics&rft.date=2001&rft.edition=4th+ed.&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=Pearson+Education&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33"> 引文格式1维护：冗余文本 (<a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E7%BB%B4%E6%8A%A4%EF%BC%9A%E5%86%97%E4%BD%99%E6%96%87%E6%9C%AC" title="Category:引文格式1维护：冗余文本">link</a>)</span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部連結"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.80.A3.E7.B5.90"></span>外部連結</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A6%E8%B7%9D&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：外部連結"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130819025344/http://www.cambridgeincolour.com/tutorials/camera-lenses.htm">Understanding Camera Lenses - focal length & f-number</a> - includes interactive images clarifying its influence on perspective, a required focal length calculator, and discussion of zoom vs. prime lenses</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Photography" title="Template:Photography"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Photography" title="Template talk:Photography"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:Photography" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:Photography"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="摄影" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1" title="摄影">摄影</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1%E8%A1%93%E8%AA%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="攝影術語（页面不存在）">術語</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%83%8F%E7%89%87" title="像片">像片</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%95%E7%89%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F" title="底片格式">底片格式</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">焦距</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A6%96%E8%A7%92" title="視角">視角</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/35mm%E7%AD%89%E6%95%88%E7%84%A6%E8%B7%9D" title="35mm等效焦距">35mm等效焦距</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%9C%88" title="光圈">光圈</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A6%E6%AF%94" title="焦比">焦比</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AF%E6%B7%B1" title="景深">景深</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E7%84%A6%E8%B7%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="超焦距">超焦距</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%A1%E7%B3%8A%E5%9C%88" title="模糊圈">模糊圈</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A6%E6%B7%B1" title="焦深">焦深</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%AB%E9%96%80" title="快門">快門</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%A3%E6%8B%8D" title="連拍">連拍</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%AB%E9%96%80%E9%80%9F%E5%BA%A6" title="快門速度">快門速度</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%80%92%E6%98%93%E5%BE%8B" title="倒易律">倒易律</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9F%E5%85%89%E5%BA%A6" title="感光度">感光度</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%B3%E5%85%8916%E6%B3%95%E5%88%99" title="阳光16法则">阳光16法则</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E5%A0%B4%E6%A0%A1%E6%AD%A3" title="平場校正">平場校正</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%9D%E5%85%89" title="曝光">曝光</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%9D%E5%85%89%E5%80%BC" title="曝光值">曝光值</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%9D%E5%85%89%E8%A1%A5%E5%81%BF" title="曝光补偿">曝光补偿</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%9D%E5%85%89%E5%AE%BD%E5%AE%B9%E5%BA%A6" title="曝光宽容度">宽容度</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="區域曝光法" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Zone System"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%80%E5%9F%9F%E6%9B%9D%E5%85%89%E6%B3%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="區域曝光法（页面不存在）">區域曝光法</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zone_System" class="extiw" title="en:Zone System"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Zone System</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8B%E5%85%89%E6%A8%A1%E5%BC%8F" title="测光模式">測光模式</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%97%AA%E5%85%89%E6%8C%87%E6%95%B0" title="闪光指数">閃光指數</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="閃光同步" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Flash synchronization"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%96%83%E5%85%89%E5%90%8C%E6%AD%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="閃光同步（页面不存在）">閃光同步</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flash_synchronization" class="extiw" title="en:Flash synchronization"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Flash synchronization</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%83%E7%87%88%E5%90%8C%E6%AD%A5%E9%80%9F%E5%BA%A6" title="閃燈同步速度">閃燈同步速度</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%B2%E6%B8%A9" title="色温">色温</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%B2%E5%B7%AE" title="色差">色差</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%85%E7%9C%BC%E7%8F%BE%E8%B1%A1" title="紅眼現象">紅眼現象</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E7%99%BD" title="黑白">黑白</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%8F%E8%A7%86%E5%8F%98%E5%BD%A2" title="透视变形">透視變形</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%8F%E8%A7%86%E6%A0%A1%E6%AD%A3" title="透视校正">透视校正</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1%E6%B5%81%E7%A8%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="攝影流程（页面不存在）">攝影流程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%96%E6%B4%97" title="沖洗">攝影處理</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="攝影印刷" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Photographic printing"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1%E5%8D%B0%E5%88%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="攝影印刷（页面不存在）">攝影印刷</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photographic_printing" class="extiw" title="en:Photographic printing"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Photographic printing</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="攝影科學" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Science of photography"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="攝影科學（页面不存在）">攝影科學</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_of_photography" class="extiw" title="en:Science of photography"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Science of photography</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1%E9%A1%9E%E5%9E%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="攝影類型（页面不存在）">類型</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E6%8B%8D" title="空拍">空中攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%BA%E7%AD%91%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1" title="建筑摄影">建筑摄影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%AA%E5%AE%9E%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1" title="纪实摄影">纪实摄影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1%E8%A8%98%E8%80%85" title="攝影記者">新聞攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%97%9D%E8%A1%93%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="藝術攝影（页面不存在）">藝術攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%99%E7%89%A9%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1" title="静物摄影">靜物攝影</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="自然攝影" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Nature photography"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="自然攝影（页面不存在）">自然攝影</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nature_photography" class="extiw" title="en:Nature photography"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Nature photography</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E7%89%A9%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1" title="人物摄影">人物摄影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%85%E5%8A%9B%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1" title="魅力摄影">魅力摄影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A3%B8%E4%BD%93%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1" title="裸体摄影">裸体摄影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A3%B8%E4%BD%93%E8%89%BA%E6%9C%AF%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1" title="裸体艺术摄影">裸体艺术摄影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%83%85%E8%89%B2%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1" title="情色攝影">情色攝影</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="街頭攝影" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Street photography"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%97%E9%A0%AD%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="街頭攝影（页面不存在）">街頭攝影</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Street_photography" class="extiw" title="en:Street photography"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Street photography</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1" title="天文攝影">天文攝影</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="雲海攝影" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Cloudscape photography"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%B2%E6%B5%B7%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="雲海攝影（页面不存在）">雲海攝影</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloudscape_photography" class="extiw" title="en:Cloudscape photography"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Cloudscape photography</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9E%E6%9C%BA%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1" title="飞机摄影">飞机摄影</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="鐵道攝影" data-lang-code="ja" data-lang-name="日语" data-foreign-title="鉄道撮影"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%90%B5%E9%81%93%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鐵道攝影（页面不存在）">鐵道攝影</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">日语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%89%84%E9%81%93%E6%92%AE%E5%BD%B1" class="extiw" title="ja:鉄道撮影"><span lang="ja" dir="auto">鉄道撮影</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%8C%BB%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1" title="法医摄影">法醫攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BB%A3%E5%91%8A%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="廣告攝影（页面不存在）">廣告攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%95%86%E6%A5%AD%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1" title="商業攝影">商業攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%82%E8%A3%9D%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1" title="時裝攝影">時裝攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A9%9A%E7%B4%97%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1" title="婚紗攝影">婚紗攝影</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="图库摄影" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Stock photography"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BE%E5%BA%93%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="图库摄影（页面不存在）">图库摄影</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stock_photography" class="extiw" title="en:Stock photography"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Stock photography</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B3%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1" title="公关摄影">公關攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A5%AD%E9%A4%98%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="業餘攝影（页面不存在）">業餘攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%A2%E5%A2%9F%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1" title="廢墟攝影">廢墟攝影</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93" title="攝影技術">技術</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afocal%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Afocal攝影（页面不存在）">Afocal攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%A3%E6%99%AF" title="散景">散景</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%89%AA%E5%BD%B1_(%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1)" title="剪影 (攝影)">剪影</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9D%92%E5%AF%AB%E7%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="青寫真（页面不存在）">青寫真</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="向右曝光" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Exposing to the right"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%91%E5%8F%B3%E6%9B%9D%E5%85%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="向右曝光（页面不存在）">向右曝光</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exposing_to_the_right" class="extiw" title="en:Exposing to the right"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Exposing to the right</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%96%83%E7%87%88%E8%A3%9C%E5%85%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="閃燈補光（页面不存在）">閃燈補光</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%85%99%E8%8A%B1%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="煙花攝影（页面不存在）">煙花攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E5%BF%AB%E9%96%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哈里斯快門（页面不存在）">哈里斯快門</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%8A%A8%E6%80%81%E8%8C%83%E5%9B%B4%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F" title="高动态范围成像">HDRI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1" title="高速摄影">高速攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E6%81%AF%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1" title="全息摄影">全像攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%85%E5%A4%96%E7%B7%9A%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="紅外線攝影（页面不存在）">紅外線攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E5%AE%89%E7%85%A7%E7%9B%B8%E8%A1%93" title="克里安照相術">柯利安攝影</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="風箏攝影" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Kite aerial photography"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A2%A8%E7%AE%8F%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="風箏攝影（页面不存在）">風箏攝影</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kite_aerial_photography" class="extiw" title="en:Kite aerial photography"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Kite aerial photography</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%B7%E6%99%82%E9%96%93%E6%9B%9D%E5%85%89%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1" title="長時間曝光攝影">長時間曝光攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E8%B7%9D%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1" title="微距攝影">微距攝影</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Mordançage" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mordançage"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mordan%C3%A7age&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mordançage（页面不存在）">Mordançage</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mordan%C3%A7age" class="extiw" title="en:Mordançage"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mordançage</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E9%87%8D%E6%9B%9D%E5%85%89" title="多重曝光">多重曝光</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%9C%E9%96%93%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="夜間攝影（页面不存在）">夜間攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BF%BD%E8%B9%A4%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="追蹤攝影（页面不存在）">追蹤攝影</a>/<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1%E5%B9%B3%E7%A7%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="攝影平移（页面不存在）">攝影平移</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E6%99%AF%E5%9B%BE" title="全景图">全景攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BB%91%E5%BD%B1%E7%85%A7%E7%89%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="黑影照片（页面不存在）">黑影照片</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%B0%E5%88%B7%E8%AA%BF%E8%89%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="印刷調色（页面不存在）">印刷調色</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%8D%E8%BD%89%E5%BA%95%E7%89%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="反轉底片（页面不存在）">反轉底片</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%8D%E6%96%B0%E6%8B%8D%E6%94%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="重新拍攝（页面不存在）">重新拍攝</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rollout%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rollout攝影（页面不存在）">Rollout攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%89%B2%E8%AA%BF%E5%8F%8D%E8%BD%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="色調反轉（页面不存在）">色調反轉</a>/<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%96%A9%E5%B7%B4%E8%92%82%E6%95%88%E6%87%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="薩巴蒂效應（页面不存在）">薩巴蒂效應</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AB%8B%E9%AB%94%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="立體攝影（页面不存在）">立體攝影</a>（<a href="/wiki/3D%E7%9C%BC%E9%8F%A1" title="3D眼鏡">3D眼鏡</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%9C%88%E6%94%B6%E7%B8%AE" title="光圈收縮">光圈收縮</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%97%A5%E5%85%89%E9%A1%AF%E5%BD%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="日光顯影（页面不存在）">日光顯影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%BB%E8%BD%B4%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1" title="移轴摄影">移轴摄影</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="仿微缩模型" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Miniature faking"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%BF%E5%BE%AE%E7%BC%A9%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="仿微缩模型（页面不存在）">仿微缩模型</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miniature_faking" class="extiw" title="en:Miniature faking"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Miniature faking</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B8%AE%E6%99%82%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1" title="縮時攝影">縮時攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%85%A2%E5%8A%A8%E4%BD%9C" title="慢动作">慢動作攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%AB%E5%A4%96%E7%B7%9A%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="紫外線攝影（页面不存在）">紫外線攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9A%88%E5%BD%B1" title="暈影">暈影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E4%B8%AD%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1" title="水中攝影">水中攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E5%9E%8B%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1%E6%9C%AF" title="微型摄影术">微型攝影術</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B8%E6%A9%9F%E9%99%B7%E9%98%B1" title="相機陷阱">相機陷阱</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BeetleCam" title="BeetleCam">BeetleCam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B4%BF%E5%AD%90%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1" title="鴿子攝影">鴿子攝影</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A7%8B%E5%9C%96" title="構圖">構圖</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%B9%E8%A7%92%E7%BA%BF%E6%9E%84%E5%9B%BE%E6%B3%95" title="对角线构图法">对角线构图法</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="框架构图法" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Framing (visual arts)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A1%86%E6%9E%B6%E6%9E%84%E5%9B%BE%E6%B3%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="框架构图法（页面不存在）">框架构图法</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Framing_(visual_arts)" class="extiw" title="en:Framing (visual arts)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Framing (visual arts)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Headroom" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Headroom (photographic framing)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Headroom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Headroom（页面不存在）">Headroom</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Headroom_(photographic_framing)" class="extiw" title="en:Headroom (photographic framing)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Headroom (photographic framing)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Lead room" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Lead room"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lead_room&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lead room（页面不存在）">Lead room</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lead_room" class="extiw" title="en:Lead room"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Lead room</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%88%86%E6%B3%95_(%E6%A7%8B%E5%9C%96)" title="三分法 (構圖)">三分法</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Simplicity" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Simplicity (photography)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simplicity&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simplicity（页面不存在）">Simplicity</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplicity_(photography)" class="extiw" title="en:Simplicity (photography)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Simplicity (photography)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1%E5%99%A8%E6%9D%90" title="摄影器材">器材</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%85%A7%E7%9B%B8%E6%A9%9F" title="照相機">相機</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%A0%B4%E7%9B%B8%E6%A9%9F" title="光場相機">光場相機</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%95%E9%95%9C%E5%8F%8D%E5%85%89%E7%9B%B8%E6%9C%BA" title="单镜反光相机">单反相机</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E5%8F%8D%E5%85%89%E9%8F%A1%E5%8F%AF%E6%8F%9B%E9%8F%A1%E9%A0%AD%E7%9B%B8%E6%A9%9F" title="無反光鏡可換鏡頭相機">无反相机</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8C%E5%8F%8D%E7%9B%B8%E6%9C%BA" title="双反相机">双反相机</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%81%E8%BD%B4%E7%9B%B8%E6%9C%BA" title="旁轴相机">旁轴相机</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9B%B4%E6%8E%A5%E8%A7%80%E6%99%AF%E5%BC%8F%E7%9B%B8%E6%A9%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="直接觀景式相機（页面不存在）">直接觀景式相機</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1%E6%A9%9F" title="高速攝影機">高速攝影機</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="玩具相機 (器材)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Toy camera"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8E%A9%E5%85%B7%E7%9B%B8%E6%A9%9F_(%E5%99%A8%E6%9D%90)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="玩具相機 (器材)（页面不存在）">玩具相機</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toy_camera" class="extiw" title="en:Toy camera"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Toy camera</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%9D%E5%AD%94%E7%9B%B8%E6%A9%9F" title="針孔相機">針孔相機</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%82%BB%E7%93%9C%E7%9B%B8%E6%9C%BA" title="傻瓜相机">傻瓜相机</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B3%E6%97%B6%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F%E7%9B%B8%E6%9C%BA" title="即时成像相机">即时成像相机</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%94%BB%E5%B9%85%E7%9B%B8%E6%9C%BA" title="大画幅相机">大畫幅相機</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E6%99%AF%E7%9B%B8%E6%9C%BA" title="全景相机">全景相机</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E6%8B%8D%E6%A9%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="空拍機">空拍機</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BE%E5%A4%A7%E6%A9%9F" title="放大機">放大機</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%95%E7%89%87" title="底片">底片</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BA%95%E7%89%87%E7%89%87%E5%9F%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="底片片基（页面不存在）">片基</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%95%E7%89%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F" title="底片格式">底片格式</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%BD%B1%E8%83%B6%E7%89%87" title="电影胶片">電影膠片</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%8F%A1%E9%A0%AD" title="鏡頭">鏡頭</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%98%E7%84%A6%E9%95%9C%E5%A4%B4" title="变焦镜头">變焦鏡頭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%9A%E7%84%A6%E9%95%9C%E5%A4%B4" title="定焦镜头">定焦鏡頭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BF%E8%A7%92%E9%95%9C" title="广角镜">廣角鏡頭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E9%8F%A1%E9%A0%AD" title="標準鏡頭">標準鏡頭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%A0%E6%94%9D%E9%8F%A1%E9%A0%AD" title="遠攝鏡頭">遠攝鏡頭</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%9C%E5%A4%B4%E6%8E%A5%E5%8F%A3" title="镜头接口">接環鏡頭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1%E6%BB%A4%E5%85%89%E9%95%9C" title="摄影滤光镜">攝影濾光鏡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%AE%E5%85%89%E7%BD%A9" title="遮光罩">遮光罩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8B%E5%85%89%E8%A1%A8" title="测光表">測光表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%97%AA%E5%85%89%E7%81%AF" title="闪光灯">閃光燈</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%A2%E5%B8%B6%E6%9D%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="波帶板（页面不存在）">波帶板</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%91%E5%8F%B0" title="云台">云台</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AE%E8%85%B3%E6%9E%B6" title="單腳架">單腳架</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E8%85%B3%E6%9E%B6" title="三腳架">三腳架</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E6%8B%8D%E6%9D%86" title="自拍杆">自拍棒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B8%E6%A9%9F%E7%A9%A9%E5%AE%9A%E5%99%A8" title="相機穩定器">相機穩定器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9A%97%E6%88%BF" title="暗房">暗房</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9A%97%E6%88%BF%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E7%87%88" title="暗房安全燈">暗房安全燈</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BB%E7%87%88%E6%A9%9F" title="幻燈機">幻燈機</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%BD%B1%E6%94%BE%E6%98%A0%E6%9C%BA" title="电影放映机">電影放映機</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1#历史" title="摄影">歷史</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9A%97%E7%AE%B1" title="暗箱">暗箱</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%89%98%E5%85%8B%E7%BD%97%E5%A7%86" title="奥托克罗姆">奧托克羅姆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E7%BD%97%E6%B3%95" title="卡罗法">卡羅法</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B6%E7%89%88%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1%E6%B3%95" title="银版摄影法">银版摄影法</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="杜菲彩版" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Dufaycolor"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%9C%E8%8F%B2%E5%BD%A9%E7%89%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="杜菲彩版（页面不存在）">杜菲彩版</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dufaycolor" class="extiw" title="en:Dufaycolor"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Dufaycolor</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="照相底板" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Photographic plate"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%85%A7%E7%9B%B8%E5%BA%95%E6%9D%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="照相底板（页面不存在）">照相底板</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photographic_plate" class="extiw" title="en:Photographic plate"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Photographic plate</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A6%96%E8%A6%BA%E8%97%9D%E8%A1%93" title="視覺藝術">視覺藝術</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="摄影技术发展史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Timeline of photography technology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="摄影技术发展史（页面不存在）">摄影技术发展史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_photography_technology" class="extiw" title="en:Timeline of photography technology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Timeline of photography technology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E7%A0%81%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1" title="数码摄影">数码摄影</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E7%A0%81%E7%9B%B8%E6%9C%BA" title="数码相机">數碼相機</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B8%E4%BD%8D%E5%96%AE%E7%9C%BC%E7%9B%B8%E6%A9%9F" title="數位單眼相機">数码单反相机</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E5%8F%8D%E5%85%89%E9%8F%A1%E5%8F%AF%E6%8F%9B%E9%8F%A1%E9%A0%AD%E7%9B%B8%E6%A9%9F" title="無反光鏡可換鏡頭相機">单电相机</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="数字相机后背" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Digital camera back"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E7%9B%B8%E6%9C%BA%E5%90%8E%E8%83%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="数字相机后背（页面不存在）">数码后背</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_camera_back" class="extiw" title="en:Digital camera back"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Digital camera back</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BE%E5%83%8F%E4%BC%A0%E6%84%9F%E5%99%A8" title="图像传感器">感光元件</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="有源像素传感器" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Active-pixel sensor"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%BA%90%E5%83%8F%E7%B4%A0%E4%BC%A0%E6%84%9F%E5%99%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有源像素传感器（页面不存在）">有源像素传感器</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active-pixel_sensor" class="extiw" title="en:Active-pixel sensor"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Active-pixel sensor</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%A3%9C%E5%BC%8F%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9%E5%8D%8A%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94" title="互補式金屬氧化物半導體">互補式金屬氧化物半導體</a>（CMOS）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9F%E5%85%89%E8%80%A6%E5%90%88%E5%85%83%E4%BB%B6" title="感光耦合元件">感光耦合元件</a>（CCD）</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="3CCD照相机" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Three-CCD camera"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=3CCD%E7%85%A7%E7%9B%B8%E6%9C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="3CCD照相机（页面不存在）">3CCD照相机</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-CCD_camera" class="extiw" title="en:Three-CCD camera"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Three-CCD camera</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foveon_X3%E6%84%9F%E5%85%89%E5%85%83%E4%BB%B6" title="Foveon X3感光元件">Foveon X3</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%83%8F%E7%B4%A0" title="像素">像素</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="底片扫描仪" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Film scanner"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BA%95%E7%89%87%E6%89%AB%E6%8F%8F%E4%BB%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="底片扫描仪（页面不存在）">底片扫描仪</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film_scanner" class="extiw" title="en:Film scanner"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Film scanner</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="数码摄影与胶片摄影的对比" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Comparison of digital and film photography"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%95%B0%E7%A0%81%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1%E4%B8%8E%E8%83%B6%E7%89%87%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1%E7%9A%84%E5%AF%B9%E6%AF%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="数码摄影与胶片摄影的对比（页面不存在）">与胶片摄影对比</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_digital_and_film_photography" class="extiw" title="en:Comparison of digital and film photography"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Comparison of digital and film photography</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%88%E9%80%B2%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1C%E5%9E%8B" title="先進攝影系統C型">先進攝影系統C型</a>（APS-C）</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="望远镜摄影" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Digiscoping"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%9B%E8%BF%9C%E9%95%9C%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="望远镜摄影（页面不存在）">望远镜摄影</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digiscoping" class="extiw" title="en:Digiscoping"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Digiscoping</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="图片共享" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Image sharing"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="图片共享（页面不存在）">图片共享</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image_sharing" class="extiw" title="en:Image sharing"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Image sharing</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%A9%E8%89%B2%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1" title="彩色攝影">彩色攝影</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%9C%E8%89%B2" title="颜色">色彩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%A9%E8%89%B2%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1" title="彩色攝影">彩色底片</a>（<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BD%A9%E8%89%B2%E5%83%8F%E7%89%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="彩色像片（页面不存在）">印刷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A3%E7%89%87" title="正片">正片</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%B2%E5%BD%A9%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86" title="色彩管理">色彩管理</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%B2%E5%9F%9F" title="色域">色域</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E8%89%B2" title="原色">原色</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%8E%9F%E8%89%B2%E5%85%89%E6%A8%A1%E5%BC%8F" title="三原色光模式">三原色光模式</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%88%B7%E5%9B%9B%E5%88%86%E8%89%B2%E6%A8%A1%E5%BC%8F" title="印刷四分色模式">印刷四分色模式</a>）</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%96%E6%B4%97" title="沖洗">沖洗</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/C-41%E6%B2%96%E5%8D%B0%E8%99%95%E7%90%86" title="C-41沖印處理">C-41沖印處理</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="交叉沖印" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Cross processing"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%A4%E5%8F%89%E6%B2%96%E5%8D%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="交叉沖印（页面不存在）">交叉沖印</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross_processing" class="extiw" title="en:Cross processing"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Cross processing</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%85%A7%E7%9B%B8%E9%A1%AF%E5%BD%B1%E5%8A%91" title="照相顯影劑">照相顯影劑</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="數碼圖像處理" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Digital image processing"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%95%B8%E7%A2%BC%E5%9C%96%E5%83%8F%E8%99%95%E7%90%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="數碼圖像處理（页面不存在）">數碼圖像處理</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_image_processing" class="extiw" title="en:Digital image processing"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Digital image processing</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="偶染體" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Dye coupler"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%81%B6%E6%9F%93%E9%AB%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="偶染體（页面不存在）">偶染體</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dye_coupler" class="extiw" title="en:Dye coupler"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Dye coupler</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E-6%E6%B2%96%E5%8D%B0%E8%99%95%E7%90%86" title="E-6沖印處理">E-6沖印處理</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Photographic fixer" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Photographic fixer"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photographic_fixer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Photographic fixer（页面不存在）">定影劑</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photographic_fixer" class="extiw" title="en:Photographic fixer"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Photographic fixer</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="明膠銀處理" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Gelatin silver process"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%98%8E%E8%86%A0%E9%8A%80%E8%99%95%E7%90%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="明膠銀處理（页面不存在）">明膠銀處理</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelatin_silver_process" class="extiw" title="en:Gelatin silver process"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Gelatin silver process</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="胶印 (摄影加工)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Gum printing"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%83%B6%E5%8D%B0_(%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1%E5%8A%A0%E5%B7%A5)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="胶印 (摄影加工)（页面不存在）">胶印</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gum_printing" class="extiw" title="en:Gum printing"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Gum printing</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B3%E6%97%B6%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F%E8%83%B6%E7%89%87" title="即时成像胶片">即时成像胶片</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="K-14沖印處理" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="K-14 process"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=K-14%E6%B2%96%E5%8D%B0%E8%99%95%E7%90%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="K-14沖印處理（页面不存在）">K-14沖印處理</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K-14_process" class="extiw" title="en:K-14 process"><span lang="en" dir="auto">K-14 process</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="印刷耐久性" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Print permanence"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%B0%E5%88%B7%E8%80%90%E4%B9%85%E6%80%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="印刷耐久性（页面不存在）">印刷耐久性</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Print_permanence" class="extiw" title="en:Print permanence"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Print permanence</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="增感显影處理" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Push processing"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A2%9E%E6%84%9F%E6%98%BE%E5%BD%B1%E8%99%95%E7%90%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="增感显影處理（页面不存在）">增感显影處理</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Push_processing" class="extiw" title="en:Push processing"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Push processing</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="止顯劑" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Stop bath"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AD%A2%E9%A1%AF%E5%8A%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="止顯劑（页面不存在）">止顯劑</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stop_bath" class="extiw" title="en:Stop bath"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Stop bath</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他議題</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E6%81%AF%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1" title="全息摄影">全息拍攝術</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%A9%E5%85%B7%E7%9B%B8%E6%A9%9F%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1" title="玩具相機攝影">Lomo攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1%E5%92%8C%E6%B3%95%E5%BE%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="攝影和法律（页面不存在）">攝影和法律</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1%E5%8D%9A%E7%89%A9%E9%A4%A8%E5%92%8C%E7%95%AB%E5%BB%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="攝影博物館和畫廊（页面不存在）">攝影博物館和畫廊</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E9%82%8A%E6%9A%97%E8%A7%92" title="周邊暗角">周邊暗角</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%85%A7%E7%89%87%E5%BA%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="照片庫（页面不存在）">照片庫</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">列表</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%80%E6%98%82%E8%B2%B4%E7%9A%84%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1%E4%BD%9C%E5%93%81%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="最昂貴的攝影作品列表">最昂贵的摄影作品</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1%E5%99%A8%E6%9D%90%E8%A3%BD%E9%80%A0%E5%95%86%E5%90%8D%E5%96%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="攝影器材製造商名單（页面不存在）">攝影器材製造商名單</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="摄影师列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of photographers"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1%E5%B8%88%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="摄影师列表（页面不存在）">摄影师</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_photographers" class="extiw" title="en:List of photographers"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of photographers</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="街头摄影师列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of street photographers"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%97%E5%A4%B4%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1%E5%B8%88%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="街头摄影师列表（页面不存在）">街头摄影</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_street_photographers" class="extiw" title="en:List of street photographers"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of street photographers</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="女性摄影师列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of women photographers"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%B3%E6%80%A7%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1%E5%B8%88%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="女性摄影师列表（页面不存在）">女性</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_women_photographers" class="extiw" title="en:List of women photographers"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of women photographers</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="分类"><img alt="分类" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1" title="Category:摄影">摄影分类的所有相关条目</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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