CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="zh" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>酸碱电子理论 - 维基百科，自由的百科全书</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )zhwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"zh", "wgMonthNames":["","1月","2月","3月","4月","5月","6月","7月","8月","9月","10月","11月","12月"],"wgRequestId":"661adcdd-af2e-4dec-a066-8fa38634a6d2","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"酸碱电子理论","wgTitle":"酸碱电子理论","wgCurRevisionId":83979886,"wgRevisionId":83979886,"wgArticleId":650257,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["含有过时参数的引用的页面","使用ISBN魔术链接的页面","自2018年8月需补充来源的条目","拒绝当选首页新条目推荐栏目的条目","酸碱化学"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"zh","wgPageContentLanguage":"zh","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"酸碱电子理论","wgRelevantArticleId":650257,"wgUserVariant":"zh","wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgRedirectedFrom":"路易斯酸" ,"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"zh","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":["zh-hans","zh-hant","zh-cn","zh-tw","zh-hk","zh-sg","zh-mo","zh-my"]},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":7000,"wgInternalRedirectTargetUrl":"/wiki/%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA#.E8.B7.AF.E6.98.93.E6.96.AF.E9.85.B8","wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q900337","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"], "GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.gadget.large-font":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["mediawiki.action.view.redirect","ext.cite.ux-enhancements","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.edit0","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.gadget.UnihanTooltips","ext.gadget.Difflink", "ext.gadget.pseudonamespace-UI","ext.gadget.SpecialWikitext","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.VariantAlly","ext.gadget.AdvancedSiteNotices","ext.gadget.hideConversionTab","ext.gadget.internalLinkHelper-altcolor","ext.gadget.noteTA","ext.gadget.NavFrame","ext.gadget.collapsibleTables","ext.gadget.scrollUpButton","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=zh&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=zh&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=zh&modules=ext.gadget.large-font&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=zh&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="酸碱电子理论 - 维基百科，自由的百科全书"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//zh.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA#.E8.B7.AF.E6.98.93.E6.96.AF.E9.85.B8"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="编辑本页" href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (zh)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//zh.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA#.E8.B7.AF.E6.98.93.E6.96.AF.E9.85.B8"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA#.E8.B7.AF.E6.98.93.E6.96.AF.E9.85.B8"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hans" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hans/%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA#.E8.B7.AF.E6.98.93.E6.96.AF.E9.85.B8"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-cn/%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA#.E8.B7.AF.E6.98.93.E6.96.AF.E9.85.B8"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-my/%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA#.E8.B7.AF.E6.98.93.E6.96.AF.E9.85.B8"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-sg/%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA#.E8.B7.AF.E6.98.93.E6.96.AF.E9.85.B8"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hant" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hant/%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA#.E8.B7.AF.E6.98.93.E6.96.AF.E9.85.B8"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hk/%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA#.E8.B7.AF.E6.98.93.E6.96.AF.E9.85.B8"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-mo/%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA#.E8.B7.AF.E6.98.93.E6.96.AF.E9.85.B8"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA#.E8.B7.AF.E6.98.93.E6.96.AF.E9.85.B8"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="x-default" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA#.E8.B7.AF.E6.98.93.E6.96.AF.E9.85.B8"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.zh"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia的Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E6%9C%80%E8%BF%91%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-酸碱电子理论 rootpage-酸碱电子理论 skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">跳转到内容</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="主菜单" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">主菜单</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">主菜单</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 导航 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E9%A6%96%E9%A1%B5" title="访问首页[z]" accesskey="z"><span>首页</span></a></li><li id="n-indexpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95" title="以分类索引搜寻中文维基百科"><span>分类索引</span></a></li><li id="n-Featured_content" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E7%89%B9%E8%89%B2%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9" title="查看中文维基百科的特色内容"><span>特色内容</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E6%96%B0%E8%81%9E%E5%8B%95%E6%85%8B" title="提供当前新闻事件的背景资料"><span>新闻动态</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%9C%80%E8%BF%91%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9" title="列出维基百科中的最近修改[r]" accesskey="r"><span>最近更改</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%9A%8F%E6%9C%BA%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="随机载入一个页面[x]" accesskey="x"><span>随机条目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-help" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-help" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 帮助 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95" title="寻求帮助"><span>帮助</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%A4%BE%E7%BE%A4%E9%A6%96%E9%A1%B5" title="关于本计划、你可以做什么、应该如何做"><span>维基社群</span></a></li><li id="n-policy" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%96%B9%E9%87%9D%E8%88%87%E6%8C%87%E5%BC%95" title="查看维基百科的方针和指引"><span>方针与指引</span></a></li><li id="n-villagepump" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E4%BA%92%E5%8A%A9%E5%AE%A2%E6%A0%88" title="参与维基百科社群的讨论"><span>互助客栈</span></a></li><li id="n-Information_desk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E9%97%AE%E7%AD%94" title="解答任何与维基百科无关的问题的地方"><span>知识问答</span></a></li><li id="n-conversion" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%AD%97%E8%AF%8D%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2" title="提出字词转换请求"><span>字词转换</span></a></li><li id="n-IRC" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IRC%E8%81%8A%E5%A4%A9%E9%A2%91%E9%81%93"><span>IRC即时聊天</span></a></li><li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E8%81%94%E7%BB%9C%E6%88%91%E4%BB%AC" title="如何联络维基百科"><span>联络我们</span></a></li><li id="n-about" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E" title="查看维基百科的简介"><span>关于维基百科</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E9%A6%96%E9%A1%B5" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="维基百科" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-zh.svg" style="width: 6.5625em; height: 1.375em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="自由的百科全书" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-zh.svg" width="103" height="14" style="width: 6.4375em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%90%9C%E7%B4%A2" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="搜索维基百科[f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>搜索</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="搜索维基百科" aria-label="搜索维基百科" autocapitalize="sentences" title="搜索维基百科[f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:搜索"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">搜索</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="个人工具"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="更改页面字体大小、宽度和颜色的外观" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="外观" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">外观</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&uselang=zh" class=""><span>资助维基百科</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的" class=""><span>创建账号</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>登录</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="更多选项" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="个人工具" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">个人工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&uselang=zh"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-路易斯酸" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#路易斯酸"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>路易斯酸</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-路易斯酸-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关路易斯酸子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-路易斯酸-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-物理性质" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#物理性质"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>物理性质</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-物理性质-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-化学性质" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#化学性质"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>化学性质</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-化学性质-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-酸根型配合物" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#酸根型配合物"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>酸根型配合物</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-酸根型配合物-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-路易斯鹼" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#路易斯鹼"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>路易斯鹼</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-路易斯鹼-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-优缺点" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#优缺点"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>优缺点</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-优缺点-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关优缺点子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-优缺点-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-优点" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#优点"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>优点</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-优点-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-缺点" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#缺点"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>缺点</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-缺点-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考资料" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考资料"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>参考资料</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考资料-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-延伸閱讀" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#延伸閱讀"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>延伸閱讀</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-延伸閱讀-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参见" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参见"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>参见</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参见-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">酸碱电子理论</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。31种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-31" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">31种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis-suur_en_-basis" title="Lewis-suur en -basis – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Lewis-suur en -basis" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B6_%D9%88%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF_%D9%84%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B3" title="أحماض وقواعد لويس – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أحماض وقواعد لويس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B8_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%93_%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0" title="লুইস অম্ল ও ক্ষার – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="লুইস অম্ল ও ক্ষার" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewisova_kiselina_i_baza" title="Lewisova kiselina i baza – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Lewisova kiselina i baza" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teoria_%C3%A0cid-base_de_Lewis" title="Teoria àcid-base de Lewis – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Teoria àcid-base de Lewis" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewisova_teorie_kyselin_a_z%C3%A1sad" title="Lewisova teorie kyselin a zásad – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Lewisova teorie kyselin a zásad" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis-S%C3%A4ure-Base-Konzept" title="Lewis-Säure-Base-Konzept – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Lewis-Säure-Base-Konzept" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CE%BE%CE%AD%CE%B1_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%B2%CE%AC%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AC_%CE%9B%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%B9%CF%82" title="Οξέα και βάσεις κατά Λιούις – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Οξέα και βάσεις κατά Λιούις" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_acids_and_bases" title="Lewis acids and bases – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Lewis acids and bases" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teor%C3%ADa_%C3%A1cido-base_de_Lewis" title="Teoría ácido-base de Lewis – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Teoría ácido-base de Lewis" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewisi_happed_ja_alused" title="Lewisi happed ja alused – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Lewisi happed ja alused" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewisen_azido_eta_baseak" title="Lewisen azido eta baseak – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Lewisen azido eta baseak" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF_%D9%88_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C%DB%8C%D8%B3" title="اسید و باز لوییس – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اسید و باز لوییس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acides_et_bases_de_Lewis" title="Acides et bases de Lewis – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Acides et bases de Lewis" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%88%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%94%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="लुईस के अम्ल और क्षार – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="लुईस के अम्ल और क्षार" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewisove_kiseline_i_baze" title="Lewisove kiseline i baze – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Lewisove kiseline i baze" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asam_dan_basa_Lewis" title="Asam dan basa Lewis – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Asam dan basa Lewis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teoria_acido-base_di_Lewis" title="Teoria acido-base di Lewis – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Teoria acido-base di Lewis" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AB%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B9%E3%81%AE%E7%90%86%E8%AB%96" title="ルイスの理論 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ルイスの理論" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C5%ABisa_sk%C4%81bes_un_b%C4%81zes" title="Lūisa skābes un bāzes – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Lūisa skābes un bāzes" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B4%B3%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%82_%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B7%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B4%B3%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%82" title="ലൂയിസ് അമ്ലങ്ങളും ലൂയിസ് ക്ഷാരങ്ങളും – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ലൂയിസ് അമ്ലങ്ങളും ലൂയിസ് ക്ഷാരങ്ങളും" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_syrer_og_baser" title="Lewis syrer og baser – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Lewis syrer og baser" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teoria_kwas%C3%B3w_i_zasad_Lewisa" title="Teoria kwasów i zasad Lewisa – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Teoria kwasów i zasad Lewisa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teoria_%C3%A1cido-base_de_Lewis" title="Teoria ácido-base de Lewis – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Teoria ácido-base de Lewis" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewisove_kiseline_i_baze" title="Lewisove kiseline i baze – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Lewisove kiseline i baze" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewisova_teorija_kislin_in_baz" title="Lewisova teorija kislin in baz – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Lewisova teorija kislin in baz" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luisove_kiseline_i_baze" title="Luisove kiseline i baze – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Luisove kiseline i baze" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="லூயிசு அமிலங்களும் காரங்களும் – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="லூயிசு அமிலங்களும் காரங்களும்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_asit_ve_baz%C4%B1" title="Lewis asit ve bazı – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Lewis asit ve bazı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B3_%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="لیوس تیزاب اور اساس – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="لیوس تیزاب اور اساس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_v%C3%A0_base_Lewis" title="Acid và base Lewis – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Acid và base Lewis" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q900337#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">不转换</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-zh mw-list-item"><a href="/zh/%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" lang="zh" hreflang="zh"><span>不转换</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hans/%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" lang="zh-Hans" hreflang="zh-Hans"><span>简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hant/%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" lang="zh-Hant" hreflang="zh-Hant"><span>繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-3" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-CN mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-cn/%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" lang="zh-Hans-CN" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN"><span>大陆简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-4" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-HK mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hk/%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" lang="zh-Hant-HK" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK"><span>香港繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-5" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-MO mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-mo/%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" lang="zh-Hant-MO" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO"><span>澳門繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-6" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-MY mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-my/%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" lang="zh-Hans-MY" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY"><span>大马简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-7" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-SG mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-sg/%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" lang="zh-Hans-SG" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG"><span>新加坡简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-8" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-TW mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-tw/%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" lang="zh-Hant-TW" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW"><span>臺灣正體</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="查看"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA&action=history" title="本页面的早前版本。[h]" accesskey="h"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="工具" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多选项" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA&action=history"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 常规 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%85%A5%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" title="列出所有与本页相链的页面[j]" accesskey="j"><span>链入页面</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%87%BA%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9/%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" rel="nofollow" title="页面链出所有页面的更改[k]" accesskey="k"><span>相关更改</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Project:%E4%B8%8A%E4%BC%A0" title="上传图像或多媒体文件[u]" accesskey="u"><span>上传文件</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="全部特殊页面的列表[q]" accesskey="q"><span>特殊页面</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA&oldid=83979886" title="此页面该修订版本的固定链接"><span>固定链接</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA&action=info" title="关于此页面的更多信息"><span>页面信息</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8%E6%AD%A4%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2&page=%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA&id=83979886&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="有关如何引用此页面的信息"><span>引用此页</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:URL%E7%BC%A9%E7%9F%AD%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E9%2585%25B8%25E7%25A2%25B1%25E7%2594%25B5%25E5%25AD%2590%25E7%2590%2586%25E8%25AE%25BA%23.E8.B7.AF.E6.98.93.E6.96.AF.E9.85.B8"><span>获取短链接</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E9%2585%25B8%25E7%25A2%25B1%25E7%2594%25B5%25E5%25AD%2590%25E7%2590%2586%25E8%25AE%25BA%23.E8.B7.AF.E6.98.93.E6.96.AF.E9.85.B8"><span>下载二维码</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 打印/导出 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA&action=show-download-screen"><span>下载为PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="本页面的可打印版本[p]" accesskey="p"><span>打印页面</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q900337" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-noteTA-f683ec12" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span title="本页使用了标题或全文手工转换"><img alt="本页使用了标题或全文手工转换" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/35px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/53px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/70px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">（重定向自<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B7%AF%E6%98%93%E6%96%AF%E9%85%B8&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="路易斯酸">路易斯酸</a>）</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r85100532">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span class="noviewer hatnote-notice-img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Confusion_grey.svg/24px-Confusion_grey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Confusion_grey.svg/36px-Confusion_grey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Confusion_grey.svg/48px-Confusion_grey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="200" /></a></span><b>提示</b>：此条目页的主题不是<b><a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%AF%E6%98%93%E6%B0%8F%E5%89%82" title="路易氏剂">路易氏剂</a></b>。</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732972">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}html.client-js body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .mbox-text-span{margin-left:23px!important}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}</style><table class="box-Refimprove plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tango-nosources.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/45px-Tango-nosources.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/68px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/90px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目<b>需要补充更多<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源">来源</a></b>。<span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2018年8月17日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>请协助補充多方面<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E9%9D%A0%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:可靠来源">可靠来源</a>以<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA&action=edit">改善这篇条目</a>，<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E4%BE%9B%E6%9F%A5%E8%AF%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:可供查证">无法查证</a>的内容可能會因為<a href="/wiki/Template:Fact" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Fact">异议提出</a>而被移除。<br />致使用者：请搜索一下条目的标题（来源搜索：<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?&as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA%22">"酸碱电子理论"</a> — <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?q=%22%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA%22">网页</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=&as_src=-newswire+-wire+-presswire+-PR+-press+-release+-wikipedia&q=%22%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA%22">新闻</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?&as_brr=0&as_pub=-icon&q=%22%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA%22">书籍</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//scholar.google.com/scholar?&q=%22%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA%22">学术</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&safe=off&q=%22%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA%22">图像</a></span>），以检查网络上是否存在该主题的更多可靠来源（<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E9%9D%A0%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:可靠来源">判定指引</a>）。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div id="noteTA-f683ec12" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-group"><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="Chemistry"></div></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:" :"}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe li::after{content:" | ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-hyphen dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-hyphen li::after{content:" - ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-comma dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-comma li::after{content:"、";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:"（"counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output ul.cslist,.mw-parser-output ul.sslist{margin:0;padding:0;display:inline-block;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .cslist li,.mw-parser-output .sslist li{margin:0;display:inline-block}.mw-parser-output .cslist li::after{content:"，"}.mw-parser-output .sslist li::after{content:"；"}.mw-parser-output .cslist li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .sslist li:last-child::after{content:none}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84913072">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:100%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-subgroup,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-pretitle,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-heading,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-above,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-below{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:#54595d!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar a:not(.new):not(.mw-selflink):link{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-subgroup,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-pretitle,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-heading,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-above,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-below{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:#54595d!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar a:not(.new):not(.mw-selflink):link{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="width:15.0 em;"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="background:#d3d3d3;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B8" title="酸">酸</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B1" title="碱">碱</a>化学</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Acetic-acid-dissociation-3D-balls.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Diagrammatic representation of the dissociation of acetic acid in aqueous solution to for acetate and hydronium ions."><img alt="Diagrammatic representation of the dissociation of acetic acid in aqueous solution to for acetate and hydronium ions." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Acetic-acid-dissociation-3D-balls.png/220px-Acetic-acid-dissociation-3D-balls.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="52" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Acetic-acid-dissociation-3D-balls.png/330px-Acetic-acid-dissociation-3D-balls.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Acetic-acid-dissociation-3D-balls.png/440px-Acetic-acid-dissociation-3D-balls.png 2x" data-file-width="2150" data-file-height="513" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em 0 0.75em;"> <div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B8%E5%BA%A6%E7%B3%BB%E6%95%B0" title="酸度系数">酸度系数</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B8%E9%B9%BC%E8%90%83%E5%8F%96" title="酸鹼萃取">酸鹼萃取</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" title="酸碱理论">酸碱理论</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B8%E9%B9%BC%E4%B8%AD%E5%92%8C%E6%BB%B4%E5%AE%9A" title="酸鹼中和滴定">酸鹼中和滴定</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%A3%E7%A6%BB%E5%B8%B8%E6%95%B0" title="解离常数">解离常數</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BC%93%E5%86%B2%E6%BA%B6%E6%B6%B2" title="缓冲溶液">缓冲溶液</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PH%E5%80%BC" title="PH值">pH</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="質子亲和力" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Proton affinity"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B3%AA%E5%AD%90%E4%BA%B2%E5%92%8C%E5%8A%9B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="質子亲和力（页面不存在）">質子亲和力</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton_affinity" class="extiw" title="en:Proton affinity"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Proton affinity</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A9%E6%80%A7_(%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8)" title="兩性 (化學)">兩性物質</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E7%9A%84%E7%94%B5%E7%A6%BB" title="水的电离">水的自偶電離</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E8%B4%A8%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" title="酸碱质子理论">酸碱质子理论</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#e5e5e5;"> <a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B8" title="酸">酸</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em 0 0.75em;"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E8%B4%A8%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" title="酸碱质子理论">布仑斯惕酸</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">路易斯酸</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E6%9C%BA%E9%85%B8" title="无机酸">无机酸</a></li> <li><br /><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%85%B8" title="有机酸">有机酸</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B1%E9%85%B8" title="弱酸">弱酸</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%BA%E9%85%B8" title="强酸">強酸</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E5%BC%BA%E9%85%B8" title="超强酸">超强酸</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#e5e5e5;"> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B1" title="碱">碱</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em 0 0.75em;"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E8%B4%A8%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" title="酸碱质子理论">布仑斯惕鹼</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">路易斯鹼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E8%A6%AA%E6%A0%B8%E9%B9%BC" title="非親核鹼">非親核鹼</a></li> <li><br /><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%A9%9F%E9%B9%BC" title="有機鹼">有機鹼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B1%E7%A2%B1" title="弱碱">弱鹼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B1" title="碱">強鹼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E5%BC%BA%E7%A2%B1" title="超强碱">超强碱</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="line-height:1.6"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%85%B8%E9%B9%BC" title="Template:酸鹼"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E9%85%B8%E9%B9%BC" title="Template talk:酸鹼"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E9%85%B8%E9%B9%BC" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:酸鹼"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>酸碱电子理论</b>，也称<b>广义酸碱理论</b>、<b>路易斯酸碱理论</b>，是1923年<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6" title="化学家">化学家</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E5%B0%94%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E8%B7%AF%E6%98%93%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="吉尔伯特·路易斯">吉尔伯特·路易斯</a>提出的一种<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" title="酸碱理论">酸碱理论</a>。该理论认为：凡是可以接受外来<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E5%B0%8D" title="電子對">电子对</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90" title="分子">分子</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E5%9B%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="基团">基团</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90" title="离子">离子</a>为酸（路易斯酸，L酸）；凡可以提供电子对的分子、基团或离子为碱（路易斯碱，L碱）。因為跳脫了限定氫離子與氫氧根的酸鹼概念，这种理论包含的酸碱范围很广，但是，它对确定酸碱的相对强弱来说，没有统一的标度，对酸碱的反应方向难以判断。后来，<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="拉爾夫·皮爾森" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ralph Pearson"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8B%89%E7%88%BE%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E7%9A%AE%E7%88%BE%E6%A3%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="拉爾夫·皮爾森（页面不存在）">拉爾夫·皮爾森</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_Pearson" class="extiw" title="en:Ralph Pearson"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ralph Pearson</span></a></span>）</span></span>提出的<a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%AF%E7%A1%AC%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" title="软硬酸碱理论">软硬酸碱理论</a>弥补了这种理论的缺陷。 </p><p>常見的路易斯酸有： </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A3%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="正离子">正离子</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90" title="金属离子">金属离子</a>：<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%89%E9%9B%A2%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="鈉離子">钠离子</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%B7%E5%9F%BA" title="烷基">烷基</a>正离子、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E5%9F%BA%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="硝基化合物">硝基</a>正离子</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF%E5%8C%96%E9%93%9D" title="氯化铝">氯化鋁</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF%E5%8C%96%E9%93%81" title="氯化铁">氯化鐵</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%9F%E5%8C%96%E7%A1%BC" title="三氟化硼">三氟化硼</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E6%B0%AF%E5%8C%96%E9%93%8C" title="五氯化铌">五氯化鈮</a>以及<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A7%E7%B3%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="镧系">鑭系</a>元素的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%9F%E7%94%B2%E7%A3%BA%E9%85%B8" title="三氟甲磺酸">三氟甲磺酸盐</a>。</li></ul> <p>常見的路易斯鹼有： </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90#阴离子" title="离子">负离子</a>：<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A4%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="卤离子">卤离子</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2%E6%B0%A7%E6%A0%B9" title="氢氧根">氢氧根</a>离子、<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%B7%E6%B0%A7%E5%9F%BA" title="烷氧基">烷氧基</a>离子、<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AF%E7%83%83" title="烯烃">烯烃</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%B3%E9%A6%99%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="芳香化合物">芳香化合物</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A8%E6%B0%94" class="mw-redirect" title="氨气">氨氣</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4" title="水">水</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%9F%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="氟离子">氟離子</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B0%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="氰离子">氰離子</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%A2%B3" title="一氧化碳">一氧化碳</a>。</li></ul> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="路易斯酸"><span id=".E8.B7.AF.E6.98.93.E6.96.AF.E9.85.B8"></span>路易斯酸</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：路易斯酸"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732082">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="margin: 0 0 1em 1em; float: right;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:;">「路易士酸」的各地常用名稱</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; background-color:; width:4em;;">中国大陸</th><td class="infobox-data" style="white-space: nowrap; font-size: 1rem;;">路易斯酸 </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; background-color:; width:4em;;">臺灣</th><td class="infobox-data" style="white-space: nowrap; font-size: 1rem;;">路易士酸 </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; background-color:; width:4em;;">港澳</th><td class="infobox-data" style="white-space: nowrap; font-size: 1rem;;">路易斯酸 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="物理性质"><span id=".E7.89.A9.E7.90.86.E6.80.A7.E8.B4.A8"></span>物理性质</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：物理性质"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>路易斯酸，简称L酸，其多具<a href="/wiki/%E8%85%90%E8%9D%95%E6%80%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="腐蝕性">腐蝕性</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF%E5%8C%96%E9%94%8C" title="氯化锌">氯化锌</a>，對<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%96%E7%B6%AD%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="纖維素">纖維素</a>具腐蝕性，是一個路易斯酸腐蝕性的典型例子。由於水显路易斯鹼性，多數路易斯酸會和水反應并產生具有布仑斯惕酸性的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="水合物">水合物</a>。因此，很多路易斯酸的水溶液都是呈<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E4%BB%91%E6%96%AF%E6%83%95" class="mw-redirect" title="布仑斯惕">布仑斯惕</a>酸性的。水合物中的路易斯酸與水分子之間有強的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E9%8D%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="化學鍵">化學鍵</a>連系著，因此很難把路易斯酸水合物<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%BE%E7%87%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="乾燥">乾燥</a>，即使路易斯酸水合物通常是可分离出的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="化合物">化合物</a>。例如，如果试图加熱干燥金属氯化物（路易斯酸）中的水分，則会生成<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF%E5%8C%96%E6%B0%A2" title="氯化氢">氯化氫</a>及其金屬的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="氢氧化物">氫氧化物</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="化学性质"><span id=".E5.8C.96.E5.AD.A6.E6.80.A7.E8.B4.A8"></span>化学性质</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：化学性质"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E8%A6%AA%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%A6%E5%8A%91" class="mw-redirect" title="親電試劑">親電試劑</a>或電子受體都是路易斯酸。路易斯酸通常含低能量LUMO（最低未占轨道），會與<a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%AF%E6%98%93%E6%96%AF%E9%B9%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="路易斯鹼">路易斯鹼</a>的HOMO（最高占有轨道）反应。它與<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E8%B4%A8%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" title="酸碱质子理论">布仑斯惕-劳里酸</a>不同的是，路易斯酸并不一定需要有<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%A8%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="质子">质子</a>（H<sup>+</sup>）的轉移，對路易斯酸理論來說，所有親電試劑都可以叫做路易斯酸（包括H<sup>+</sup>）。雖然所有布仑斯惕-劳里酸都屬於路易斯酸，但实际上路易斯酸這個名詞多指那些不屬於布仑斯惕-劳里酸的路易斯酸。 </p><p>路易斯酸的化學反應<a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%BB%E6%80%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="活性">活性</a>可以用<a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%AF%E7%A1%AC%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" title="软硬酸碱理论">软硬酸碱理论</a>來判斷。現時科學家仍沒有知道路易斯酸“強度”的通用定義，這是因為路易斯酸的強度與其特有的路易斯鹼的反應特性有關。一個模型<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 曾以气态路易斯酸对<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%9F%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="氟离子">氟离子</a>的亲合能来預測路易斯酸的強度，从而得出在常见可分离出的路易斯酸中，以<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E6%B0%9F%E5%8C%96%E9%94%91" title="五氟化锑">SbF<sub>5</sub></a>（五氟化銻）的路易斯酸性最强。氟离子是“硬”的路易斯鹼，<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="氯离子">氯离子</a>及一些較“軟”的路易斯鹼，以及溶液中的路易斯酸性，都受到计算复杂的限制而較難研究。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="酸根型配合物"><span id=".E9.85.B8.E6.A0.B9.E5.9E.8B.E9.85.8D.E5.90.88.E7.89.A9"></span>酸根型配合物</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：酸根型配合物"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>酸根型配合物</b>（Ate complex）是指路易斯酸與特定的鹼生成的中心原子<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E4%BB%B7" title="化合价">價</a>升高的<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%90_(%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6)" title="盐 (化学)">盐</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 英文<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%91%BD%E5%90%8D%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="有机化学命名法">有机化學命名法</a>中，<i>ate</i>這個字是一個後輟，用在被描述的原子上。例如，硼化合物的酸根型配合物被叫作<i>borate</i><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%BC%E9%85%B8%E9%B9%BD" title="硼酸鹽">硼酸盐</a>。因此，三甲基硼烷可和<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E5%9F%BA%E9%94%82" title="甲基锂">甲基鋰</a>反應生成酸根型配合物Me<sub>4</sub>B<sup>−</sup>Li<sup>+</sup>。這個概念是由<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E5%A5%A5%E5%B0%94%E6%A0%BC%C2%B7%E7%BB%B4%E8%92%82%E5%B8%8C" title="格奥尔格·维蒂希">格奥尔格·维蒂希</a>在1958年引入的。<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 相似地，路易斯鹼可以生成<a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%93%E7%9B%90" class="mw-redirect" title="鎓盐">鎓盐</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="路易斯鹼"><span id=".E8.B7.AF.E6.98.93.E6.96.AF.E9.B9.BC"></span>路易斯鹼</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：路易斯鹼"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"><table class="infobox" style="margin: 0 0 1em 1em; float: right;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:;">「路易斯鹼」的各地常用名稱</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; background-color:; width:4em;;">中国大陸</th><td class="infobox-data" style="white-space: nowrap; font-size: 1rem;;">路易斯碱 </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; background-color:; width:4em;;">臺灣</th><td class="infobox-data" style="white-space: nowrap; font-size: 1rem;;">路易士鹼 </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; background-color:; width:4em;;">港澳</th><td class="infobox-data" style="white-space: nowrap; font-size: 1rem;;">路易斯鹼 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2%E9%94%AE" title="氢键">氢键</a>X—H…Y中的电子给予体Y是路易斯碱，简称L碱。路易斯碱在<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94" title="有机反应">有机反应</a>中为<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%B2%E6%A0%B8%E8%AF%95%E5%89%82" class="mw-redirect" title="亲核试剂">亲核试剂</a>。若路易斯碱与路易斯酸反应，形成<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%8D%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="配合物">配合物</a>时，路易斯碱为<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%8D%E4%BD%93" class="mw-redirect" title="配体">配体</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="优缺点"><span id=".E4.BC.98.E7.BC.BA.E7.82.B9"></span>优缺点</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：优缺点"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="优点"><span id=".E4.BC.98.E7.82.B9"></span>优点</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：优点"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>酸碱电子理论扩大了酸碱范围，可把酸碱概念用于许多有机反应和无溶剂反应 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="缺点"><span id=".E7.BC.BA.E7.82.B9"></span>缺点</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：缺点"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>如果选择不同的反应对象，酸碱的强弱次序可能不同，它对确定酸碱的相对强弱来说，没有统一的标度，因此对酸碱的反应方向难以判断。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考资料"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E8.B5.84.E6.96.99"></span>参考资料</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：参考资料"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Christe, K.O.; Dixon, D.A.; McLemore, D.; Wilson, W.W.; Sheehy, J.A.; and Boatz, J.A. On a quantitative scale for Lewis acidity and recent progress in polynitrogen chemistry. Journal of Fluorine Chemistry. 2000, <b>101</b> (2): 101, 151–153. ISSN 0022-1139.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA&rft.atitle=On+a+quantitative+scale+for+Lewis+acidity+and+recent+progress+in+polynitrogen+chemistry&rft.aufirst=K.O.&rft.aulast=Christe&rft.date=2000&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=2&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Fluorine+Chemistry&rft.pages=101%2C+151-153&rft.volume=101&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">引文使用过时参数<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">coauthors</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#deprecated_params" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Advanced organic Chemistry, Reactions, mechanisms and structure</i> 3ed. Jerry March <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0471854727" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-471-85472-7</a> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Komplexbildung und Reaktivität in der metallorganischen Chemie</i> <a href="/wiki/Angewandte_Chemie" class="mw-redirect" title="Angewandte Chemie">Angewandte Chemie</a> Volume 70, Issue 3, Date: 7 Februar <b>1958</b>, Pages: 65-71 G. Wittig <a href="/wiki/DOI" title="DOI">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fange.1760700302">10.1002/ange.1760700302</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="延伸閱讀"><span id=".E5.BB.B6.E4.BC.B8.E9.96.B1.E8.AE.80"></span>延伸閱讀</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：延伸閱讀"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>The Lewis acid-base concepts: an overview</i>, 1980, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0471039020" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-471-03902-0</a></li> <li><i>Selectivities in Lewis acid promoted reactions</i>, 1989, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0792304527" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-7923-0452-7</a></li> <li><i>Lewis acid reagents: a practical approach</i>, 1999, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0198500998" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-19-850099-8</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参见"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.A7.81"></span>参见</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：参见"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E7%A6%BB%E8%AE%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="酸碱电离论">酸碱电离论</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E8%B4%A8%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" title="酸碱质子理论">酸碱质子理论</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%AF%E7%A1%AC%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" title="软硬酸碱理论">软硬酸碱理论</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">检索自“<a dir="ltr" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=酸碱电子理论&oldid=83979886#.E8.B7.AF.E6.98.93.E6.96.AF.E9.85.B8">https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=酸碱电子理论&oldid=83979886#.E8.B7.AF.E6.98.93.E6.96.AF.E9.85.B8</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB" title="Special:页面分类">分类</a>：<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="Category:酸碱化学">酸碱化学</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">隐藏分类：<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%AB%E6%9C%89%E8%BF%87%E6%97%B6%E5%8F%82%E6%95%B0%E7%9A%84%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8%E7%9A%84%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="Category:含有过时参数的引用的页面">含有过时参数的引用的页面</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8ISBN%E9%AD%94%E6%9C%AF%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5%E7%9A%84%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="Category:使用ISBN魔术链接的页面">使用ISBN魔术链接的页面</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E8%87%AA2018%E5%B9%B48%E6%9C%88%E9%9C%80%E8%A1%A5%E5%85%85%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90%E7%9A%84%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:自2018年8月需补充来源的条目">自2018年8月需补充来源的条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E6%8B%92%E7%BB%9D%E5%BD%93%E9%80%89%E9%A6%96%E9%A1%B5%E6%96%B0%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE%E6%8E%A8%E8%8D%90%E6%A0%8F%E7%9B%AE%E7%9A%84%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:拒绝当选首页新条目推荐栏目的条目">拒绝当选首页新条目推荐栏目的条目</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> 本页面最后修订于2024年8月27日 (星期二) 08:12。</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">本站的全部文字在<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.zh">知识共享署名-相同方式共享 4.0协议</a>之条款下提供，附加条款亦可能应用。（请参阅<a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">使用条款</a>）<br /> Wikipedia®和维基百科标志是<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/zh">维基媒体基金会</a>的注册商标；维基™是维基媒体基金会的商标。<br /> 维基媒体基金会是按美国国內稅收法501(c)(3)登记的<a class="external text" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Tax_deductibility">非营利慈善机构</a>。<br /></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">隐私政策</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E">关于维基百科</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%85%8D%E8%B4%A3%E5%A3%B0%E6%98%8E">免责声明</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">行为准则</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">开发者</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/zh.wikipedia.org">统计</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie声明</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//zh.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile#.E8.B7.AF.E6.98.93.E6.96.AF.E9.85.B8" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">手机版视图</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-7fc47fc68d-6l892","wgBackendResponseTime":168,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.410","walltime":"0.531","ppvisitednodes":{"value":1469,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":61120,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":654,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":23,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":4,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":21140,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 459.589 1 -total"," 26.15% 120.201 1 Template:酸鹼"," 25.93% 119.176 1 Template:Not"," 25.67% 117.954 1 Template:Sidebar"," 25.06% 115.155 1 Template:Hatnote"," 15.36% 70.597 1 Template:Refimprove"," 13.84% 63.593 1 Template:Ambox"," 13.23% 60.801 2 Template:各地中文名"," 12.36% 56.795 2 Template:各地中文名/infobox"," 11.89% 54.639 1 Template:Reflist"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.220","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":3643243,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-559c9fd9f4-4v2dt","timestamp":"20241126130135","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"\u9178\u78b1\u7535\u5b50\u7406\u8bba","url":"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA#.E8.B7.AF.E6.98.93.E6.96.AF.E9.85.B8","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q900337","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q900337","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"\u7ef4\u57fa\u5a92\u4f53\u9879\u76ee\u8d21\u732e\u8005"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2007-10-28T00:32:38Z","dateModified":"2024-08-27T08:12:11Z"}</script> </body> </html>