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Cascading Style Sheets - Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas
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class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Halaman_Utama" title="Kunjungi Halaman Utama [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Halaman Utama</span></a></li><li id="n-Daftar-isi" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Isi"><span>Daftar isi</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Perubahan_terbaru" title="Daftar perubahan terbaru dalam wiki. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Perubahan terbaru</span></a></li><li id="n-Artikel-pilihan" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Artikel_pilihan/Topik"><span>Artikel pilihan</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Peristiwa_terkini" title="Temukan informasi tentang peristiwa terkini"><span>Peristiwa terkini</span></a></li><li id="n-newpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_baru"><span>Halaman baru</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_sembarang" title="Tampilkan sembarang halaman [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Halaman sembarang</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Komunitas" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Komunitas" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Komunitas </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Warung-Kopi" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Warung_Kopi"><span>Warung Kopi</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Komunitas" title="Tentang proyek, apa yang dapat Anda lakukan, di mana untuk mencari sesuatu"><span>Portal komunitas</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Isi" title="Tempat mencari bantuan."><span>Bantuan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Wikipedia" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Wikipedia" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Wikipedia </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Perihal"><span>Tentang Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-Pancapilar" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pancapilar"><span>Pancapilar</span></a></li><li id="n-Kebijakan" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kebijakan_dan_pedoman"><span>Kebijakan</span></a></li><li id="n-Hubungi-kami" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hubungi_kami"><span>Hubungi kami</span></a></li><li id="n-Bak-pasir" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bak_pasir"><span>Bak pasir</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Bagikan" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Bagikan emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bagikan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Halaman_Utama" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; 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meskipun, hal itu tidak diwajibkan" class=""><span>Buat akun baru</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Masuk_log&returnto=Cascading+Style+Sheets" title="Anda disarankan untuk masuk log, meskipun hal itu tidak diwajibkan. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Masuk log</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Opsi lainnya" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas pribadi" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Perkakas pribadi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu pengguna" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_id.wikipedia.org&uselang=id"><span>Menyumbang</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buat_akun&returnto=Cascading+Style+Sheets" title="Anda dianjurkan untuk membuat akun dan masuk log; meskipun, hal itu tidak diwajibkan"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Buat akun baru</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Masuk_log&returnto=Cascading+Style+Sheets" title="Anda disarankan untuk masuk log, meskipun hal itu tidak diwajibkan. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Masuk log</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Halaman penyunting yang telah keluar log <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengantar" aria-label="Pelajari lebih lanjut tentang menyunting"><span>pelajari lebih lanjut</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Kontribusi_saya" title="Daftar suntingan yang dibuat dari alamat IP ini [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Kontribusi</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pembicaraan_saya" title="Pembicaraan tentang suntingan dari alamat IP ini [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Daftar isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Daftar isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Sejarah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sejarah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Sejarah</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sejarah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Penulisan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Penulisan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Penulisan</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Penulisan-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Penulisan</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Penulisan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Inline_Style_Sheet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Inline_Style_Sheet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Inline Style Sheet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Inline_Style_Sheet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Internal_CSS" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Internal_CSS"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Internal CSS</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Internal_CSS-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_CSS" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_CSS"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>External CSS</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_CSS-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Shorthand_CSS" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Shorthand_CSS"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Shorthand CSS</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Shorthand_CSS-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Margin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Margin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1</span> <span>Margin</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Margin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Padding" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Padding"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.2</span> <span>Padding</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Padding-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Font" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Font"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.3</span> <span>Font</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Font-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Background" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Background"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.4</span> <span>Background</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Background-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Border" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Border"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.5</span> <span>Border</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Border-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.6</span> <span>List</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Penulisan_komentar_pada_CSS" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Penulisan_komentar_pada_CSS"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Penulisan komentar pada CSS</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Penulisan_komentar_pada_CSS-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-CSS_Selector" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#CSS_Selector"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>CSS Selector</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-CSS_Selector-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian CSS Selector</span> </button> <ul id="toc-CSS_Selector-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Universal_Selector" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Universal_Selector"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Universal Selector</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Universal_Selector-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Type_Selector" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Type_Selector"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Type Selector</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Type_Selector-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ID_Selector" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ID_Selector"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>ID Selector</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ID_Selector-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Class_Selector" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Class_Selector"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Class Selector</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Class_Selector-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Grouping_Selector_pada_CSS" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Grouping_Selector_pada_CSS"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Grouping Selector pada CSS</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Grouping_Selector_pada_CSS-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Descendant_Selector" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Descendant_Selector"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Descendant Selector</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Descendant_Selector-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Child_Selector" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Child_Selector"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.7</span> <span>Child Selector</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Child_Selector-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dukungan_dari_peramban_web" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dukungan_dari_peramban_web"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Dukungan dari peramban web</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dukungan_dari_peramban_web-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Penggunaan_CSS_dalam_perangkat_lunak_lain" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Penggunaan_CSS_dalam_perangkat_lunak_lain"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Penggunaan CSS dalam perangkat lunak lain</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Penggunaan_CSS_dalam_perangkat_lunak_lain-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Contoh_berkas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Contoh_berkas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Contoh berkas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Contoh_berkas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-CSS_Preprocessor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#CSS_Preprocessor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>CSS Preprocessor</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-CSS_Preprocessor-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian CSS Preprocessor</span> </button> <ul id="toc-CSS_Preprocessor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Variabel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Variabel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Variabel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Variabel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sass/SCSS" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sass/SCSS"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1.1</span> <span>Sass/SCSS</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sass/SCSS-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Less_CSS" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Less_CSS"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1.2</span> <span>Less CSS</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Less_CSS-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stylus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stylus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1.3</span> <span>Stylus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stylus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nesting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nesting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Nesting</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nesting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sass/SCSS_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sass/SCSS_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2.1</span> <span>Sass/SCSS</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sass/SCSS_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Less_CSS_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Less_CSS_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2.2</span> <span>Less CSS</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Less_CSS_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stylus_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stylus_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2.3</span> <span>Stylus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stylus_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-CSS" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#CSS"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2.4</span> <span>CSS</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-CSS-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lihat_pula" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lihat_pula"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Lihat pula</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lihat_pula-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referensi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referensi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Referensi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referensi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pranala_luar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pranala_luar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Pranala luar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pranala_luar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Cascading Style Sheets</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 92 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-92" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">92 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Aragon" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="أوراق الأنماط المتتالية – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أوراق الأنماط المتتالية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%9B_%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%9B" title="চি এছ এছ – Assam" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="চি এছ এছ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Bavaria" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%86%D1%8B_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%9E" title="Каскадныя табліцы стыляў – Belarusia" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Каскадныя табліцы стыляў" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%86%D1%8B_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%9E" title="Каскадныя табліцы стыляў – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Каскадныя табліцы стыляў" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%82_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%B8" title="ক্যাসকেডিং স্টাইল শীটস – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ক্যাসকেডিং স্টাইল শীটস" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cascading_Style_Sheets" title="Cascading Style Sheets – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Cascading Style Sheets" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cascading_Style_Sheets" title="Cascading Style Sheets – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cascading Style Sheets" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%A6%DB%8E%D8%B3_%D8%A6%DB%8E%D8%B3" title="سی ئێس ئێس – Kurdi Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سی ئێس ئێس" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdi Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kask%C3%A1dov%C3%A9_styly" title="Kaskádové styly – Cheska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kaskádové styly" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Cheska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cascading_Style_Sheets" title="Cascading Style Sheets – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cascading Style Sheets" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cascading_Style_Sheets" title="Cascading Style Sheets – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Cascading Style Sheets" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS%C3%AA_xasi" title="CSSê xasi – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="CSSê xasi" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Sorbia Hilir" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Sorbia Hilir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Yunani" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Esti" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Esti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="سیاساس – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سیاساس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Suomi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feuilles_de_style_en_cascade" title="Feuilles de style en cascade – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Feuilles de style en cascade" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Frisia Utara" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Utara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%ADlbhileoga_casc%C3%A1ideacha" title="Stílbhileoga cascáideacha – Irlandia" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Stílbhileoga cascáideacha" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Gaelik Skotlandia" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Gaelik Skotlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Galisia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%A1%D7%92%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%92%D7%99%D7%9D" title="גיליונות סגנון מדורגים – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גיליונות סגנון מדורגים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B8" title="सीएसएस – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सीएसएस" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Kroasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Sorbia Hulu" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Sorbia Hulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Hungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%B8%D5%B3%D5%A1%D5%A9%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A9" title="Կասկադային ոճաթերթ – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կասկադային ոճաթերթ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Islandia" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cascading_Style_Sheets" title="Cascading Style Sheets – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Cascading Style Sheets" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Css" title="Css – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Css" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiferkiyin_n_wa%C9%A3anen_ikussimen" title="Tiferkiyin n waɣanen ikussimen – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tiferkiyin n waɣanen ikussimen" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Kirgiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Lituavi" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lituavi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Latvi" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Makedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%88%E0%B5%BD_%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="കാസ്കേഡിങ്ങ് സ്റ്റൈൽ ഷീറ്റ്സ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കാസ്കേഡിങ്ങ് സ്റ്റൈൽ ഷീറ്റ്സ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%81%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%A1_%EA%AF%81%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%8F%EA%AF%9C_%EA%AF%81%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%A0%EA%AF%81" title="ꯀꯦꯁꯀꯗꯤꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯜ ꯁꯤꯠꯁ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯀꯦꯁꯀꯗꯤꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯜ ꯁꯤꯠꯁ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lembaran_Gaya_Lata" title="Lembaran Gaya Lata – Melayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Lembaran Gaya Lata" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Melayu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%85%E1%80%AE%E1%80%A1%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA%E1%80%A1%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA" title="စီအက်စ်အက်စ် – Burma" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="စီအက်စ်အက်စ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burma" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cascading_Style_Sheets" title="Cascading Style Sheets – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Cascading Style Sheets" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stilark" title="Stilark – Nynorsk Norwegia" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Stilark" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cascading_Style_Sheets" title="Cascading Style Sheets – Bokmål Norwegia" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Cascading Style Sheets" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmål Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%80.%E0%A8%90%E0%A8%B8.%E0%A8%90%E0%A8%B8" title="ਸੀ.ਐਸ.ਐਸ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸੀ.ਐਸ.ਐਸ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaskadowe_arkusze_styl%C3%B3w" title="Kaskadowe arkusze stylów – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kaskadowe arkusze stylów" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3" title="سی ایس ایس – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سی ایس ایس" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cascading_Style_Sheets" title="Cascading Style Sheets – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cascading Style Sheets" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cascading_Style_Sheets" title="Cascading Style Sheets – Rumania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Cascading Style Sheets" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Serbo-Kroasia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD_%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%92%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%A7%E0%B7%94(CSS)" title="සංයුක්ත සැරසුම් පිටු(CSS) – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සංයුක්ත සැරසුම් පිටු(CSS)" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cascading_Style_Sheets" title="Cascading Style Sheets – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Cascading Style Sheets" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kask%C3%A1dov%C3%A9_%C5%A1t%C3%BDly" title="Kaskádové štýly – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kaskádové štýly" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Sloven" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloven" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fletat_e_Stileve_t%C3%AB_Shkall%C3%ABzuar" title="Fletat e Stileve të Shkallëzuar – Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Fletat e Stileve të Shkallëzuar" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cascading_Style_Sheets" title="Cascading Style Sheets – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Cascading Style Sheets" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A3%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="விழுத்தொடர் பாணித் தாள்கள் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="விழுத்தொடர் பாணித் தாள்கள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Tetun" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="Tetun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%8C" title="แคสเคดดิงสไตล์ชีตส์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แคสเคดดิงสไตล์ชีตส์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3" title="سی ایس ایس – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سی ایس ایس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Venesia" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B1%82%E5%8F%A0%E6%A0%B7%E5%BC%8F%E8%A1%A8" title="层叠样式表 – Wu Tionghoa" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="层叠样式表" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" title="CSS – Kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="CSS" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q46441#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pranala interwiki" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pranala</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Cascading_Style_Sheets" title="Lihat halaman isi [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Halaman</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan:Cascading_Style_Sheets" rel="discussion" title="Pembicaraan halaman isi [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ubah varian bahasa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bahasa Indonesia</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Cascading_Style_Sheets"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=history" title="Revisi sebelumnya dari halaman ini. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Perkakas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Perkakas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Opsi lainnya" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tindakan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Cascading_Style_Sheets"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=history"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Umum </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pranala_balik/Cascading_Style_Sheets" title="Daftar semua halaman wiki yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pranala balik</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Perubahan_terkait/Cascading_Style_Sheets" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terbaru halaman-halaman yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Perubahan terkait</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_istimewa" title="Daftar semua halaman istimewa [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Halaman istimewa</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&oldid=26561520" title="Pranala permanen untuk revisi halaman ini"><span>Pranala permanen</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=info" title="Informasi lanjut tentang halaman ini"><span>Informasi halaman</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Kutip&page=Cascading_Style_Sheets&id=26561520&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informasi tentang bagaimana mengutip halaman ini"><span>Kutip halaman ini</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCascading_Style_Sheets"><span>Lihat URL pendek</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCascading_Style_Sheets"><span>Unduh kode QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cetak/ekspor </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buku&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Cascading+Style+Sheets"><span>Buat buku</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:DownloadAsPdf&page=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=show-download-screen"><span>Unduh versi PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&printable=yes" title="Versi cetak halaman ini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versi cetak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dalam proyek lain </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Cascading_Style_Sheets" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-mediawiki mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:CSS" hreflang="en"><span>MediaWiki</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibooks mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikibooks.org/wiki/Pemrograman_CSS" hreflang="id"><span>Wikibuku</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q46441" title="Pranala untuk menghubungkan butir pada ruang penyimpanan data [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Butir di Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tampilan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="id" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r22657712">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:CSS3_logo_and_wordmark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/CSS3_logo_and_wordmark.svg/100px-CSS3_logo_and_wordmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/CSS3_logo_and_wordmark.svg/150px-CSS3_logo_and_wordmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/CSS3_logo_and_wordmark.svg/200px-CSS3_logo_and_wordmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="363" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_CSS.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_CSS.jpg/200px-%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_CSS.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="328" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_CSS.jpg/300px-%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_CSS.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_CSS.jpg/400px-%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_CSS.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="1180" /></a></span><br />Contoh dari <a href="/wiki/Kode_sumber" title="Kode sumber">kode sumber</a> CSS</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Ekstensi berkas</th><td class="infobox-data"><code>.css</code></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Multipurpose_Internet_Mail_Extension" class="mw-redirect" title="Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension">Jenis MIME</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><code>text/css</code></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><i>Uniform Type<br />Identifier</i></th><td class="infobox-data">public.css</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Rilis pertama</th><td class="infobox-data">17 Desember 1996<span class="noprint">; 27 tahun lalu</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1996-12-17</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Rilis terbaru</th><td class="infobox-data">CSS 2.1 : Level 2 Revision 1 / 12 April 2016<span class="noprint">; 8 tahun lalu</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2016-04-12</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Jenis format</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_lembar_gaya" title="Bahasa lembar gaya">Bahasa lembar gaya</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Standar" class="mw-redirect" title="Standar">Standar</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS1">Level 1 (Rekomendasi)</a><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS2/">Level 2 (Rekomendasi)</a><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/">Level 2 Revision 1 (Rekomendasi kandidat)</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Situs_web" title="Situs web">Situs web</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.w3.org/TR/CSS/#css">www<wbr />.w3<wbr />.org<wbr />/TR<wbr />/CSS<wbr />/<wbr />#css</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Cascading Style Sheet</b> (disingkat <b>CSS</b>) adalah bahasa lembar gaya yang digunakan sebagai penentu <a href="/wiki/Presentasi" title="Presentasi">presentasi</a> dan gaya dokumen yang ditulis dalam <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_markup" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa markup">bahasa markup</a> seperti <a href="/wiki/HTML" title="HTML">HTML</a> dan <a href="/wiki/XML" title="XML">XML</a>. CSS termasuk ke dalam teknologi dasar <a href="/wiki/Waring_Wera_Wanua" title="Waring Wera Wanua">World Wide Web</a>, bersama dengan <a href="/wiki/HTML" title="HTML">HTML</a> dan <a href="/wiki/JavaScript" title="JavaScript">JavaScript</a>. </p><p>Nama <i>cascading</i> berasal dari skema prioritas yang ditetapkan untuk menentukan deklarasi mana yang berlaku jika lebih dari satu deklarasi properti cocok dengan elemen tertentu. Skema prioritas <i>cascading</i> ini dapat diprediksi. </p><p>Sama halnya <i>styles</i> dalam <a href="/wiki/Aplikasi" title="Aplikasi">aplikasi</a> pengolahan kata seperti <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Word" title="Microsoft Word">Microsoft Word</a> yang dapat mengatur beberapa <i>style</i>, misalnya <i>heading</i>, <i>subbab</i>, <i>bodytext</i>, <i>footer</i>, <i>images</i>, dan <i>style</i> lainnya untuk digunakan secara bersamaan dalam beberapa berkas (<i><a href="/wiki/File" class="mw-redirect" title="File">file</a></i>).<sup id="cite_ref-Slamet_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Slamet-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pada umumnya CSS digunakan untuk memformat tampilan halaman web yang dibuat dengan <a href="/wiki/Bahasa" title="Bahasa">bahasa</a> <a href="/wiki/HTML" title="HTML">HTML</a> dan <a href="/wiki/XHTML" class="mw-redirect" title="XHTML">XHTML</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Slamet_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Slamet-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>CSS dapat mengendalikan <a href="/wiki/Ukuran" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukuran">ukuran</a> <a href="/wiki/Gambar" class="mw-redirect" title="Gambar">gambar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Warna" title="Warna">warna</a> bagian tubuh pada teks, warna <a href="/wiki/Tabel" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Tabel">tabel</a>, ukuran border, warna border, warna <a href="/wiki/Hyperlink" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyperlink">hyperlink</a>, warna <i><a href="/wiki/Mouse" class="mw-redirect" title="Mouse">mouse</a> over</i>, spasi antar paragraf, spasi antar teks, margin kiri, kanan, atas, bawah, dan parameter lainnya.<sup id="cite_ref-Slamet_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Slamet-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> CSS adalah bahasa <a href="/wiki/Stylesheet" class="mw-redirect" title="Stylesheet">style sheet</a> yang digunakan untuk mengatur tampilan dokumen.<sup id="cite_ref-dominikus_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dominikus-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sejarah">Sejarah</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bagian: Sejarah" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Sejarah"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r26333525">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}html.client-js body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .mbox-text-span{margin-left:23px!important}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Update plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Update" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Ambox_current_red.svg/42px-Ambox_current_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="42" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Ambox_current_red.svg/63px-Ambox_current_red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Ambox_current_red.svg/84px-Ambox_current_red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="290" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">Artikel ini memerlukan <b>pemutakhiran informasi</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Harap perbarui artikel dengan menambahkan informasi terbaru yang tersedia.</span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Nama CSS didapat dari fakta bahwa setiap deklarasi <i>style</i> yang berbeda dapat diletakkan secara berurutan, yang kemudian membentuk hubungan ayah-anak (<i>parent-child</i>) pada setiap <i>style</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-SRR_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SRR-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> CSS sendiri merupakan sebuah <a href="/wiki/Teknologi" title="Teknologi">teknologi</a> <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">internet</a> yang direkomendasikan oleh <a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Web_Consortium" class="mw-redirect" title="World Wide Web Consortium">World Wide Web Consortium</a> atau <a href="/wiki/W3C" class="mw-redirect" title="W3C">W3C</a> pada <a href="/wiki/Tahun" title="Tahun">tahun</a> <a href="/wiki/1996" title="1996">1996</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-dominikus_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dominikus-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Setelah CSS distandarisasikan, <a href="/wiki/Internet_Explorer" title="Internet Explorer">Internet Explorer</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Netscape_Navigator" title="Netscape Navigator">Netscape</a> melepas <a href="/wiki/Browser" class="mw-redirect" title="Browser">browser</a> terbaru mereka yang telah sesuai atau paling tidak hampir mendekati dengan standar CSS.<sup id="cite_ref-SRR_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SRR-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Untuk saat ini terdapat tiga versi CSS, yaitu <a href="/wiki/CSS_1" title="CSS 1">CSS1</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=CSS_2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CSS 2 (halaman belum tersedia)">CSS2</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/CSS_3" title="CSS 3">CSS3</a>. CSS1 dikembangkan berpusat pada pemformatan dokumen HTML, CSS2 dikembangkan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan terhadap format dokumen agar bisa ditampilkan di printer, sedangkan CSS3 adalah versi terbaru dari CSS yang mampu melakukan banyak hal dalam desain website. CSS3 mendukung penentuan posisi konten, downloadable, huruf font, tampilan pada tabel /table layout dan media tipe untuk printer. Kehadiran versi CSS yang ketiga diharapkan lebih baik dari versi pertama dan kedua. </p><p><a href="/wiki/CSS_3" title="CSS 3">CSS3</a> juga dapat melakukan animasi pada halaman website, di antaranya animasi warna hingga animasi 3D. Dengan CSS3 desainer lebih dimudahkan dalam hal kompatibilitas websitenya pada smartphone dengan dukungan fitur baru yakni media query. Selain itu, banyak fitur baru pada CSS3 seperti: multiple background, border-radius, drop-shadow, border-image, CSS Math, dan CSS Object Model.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Penulisan">Penulisan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bagian: Penulisan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Penulisan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Saat masuk pada bagian CSS, sering dijumpai kode sebagai berikut: </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-css mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">color</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">black</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> <p>Bagian pertama sebelum tanda kurung kurawal '{}' disebut <i>selector</i>, sedangkan yang diapit oleh kurung kurawal disebut <i>declaration</i> yang terdiri dari <i>dua</i> unsur, yaitu <i>property</i> dan <i>value</i>. <i>Selector</i> dalam pernyataan di atas adalah h1, <code>color</code> adalah properti, dan <code>black</code> adalah nilai<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Selain itu, ada tiga metode penulisan atribut pada CSS, yaitu:<sup id="cite_ref-css_html_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-css_html-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Inline_Style_Sheet">Inline Style Sheet</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bagian: Inline Style Sheet" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Inline Style Sheet"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>CSS didefinisikan langsung pada tag HTML yang bersangkutan. Ini ditulis dengan menambahkan atribut <b>style="..."</b> dalam tag HTML tersebut.<sup id="cite_ref-css_html_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-css_html-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gaya hanya akan berlaku pada tag yang bersangkutan, dan tidak akan memengaruhi tag HTML yang lain.<sup id="cite_ref-css_html_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-css_html-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Contoh: </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-html mw-content-ltr mw-highlight-lines" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="linenos" data-line="1"></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">html</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="2"></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="3"></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">head</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="4"></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">></span>Contoh Bentuk Inline<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="5"></span><span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">head</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="6"></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="7"></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="8"></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">p</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"cth1"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="9"></span> Ini adalah contoh tag P tanpa diformat menggunakan CSS <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="10"></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="11"></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">p</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"cth2"</span> <span class="na">style</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"font-size:20pt"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="12"></span> Tag P ini diformat dengan besar font 20 point <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="13"></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="14"></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">p</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"cth3"</span> <span class="na">style</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"font-size:14pt; color:red"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="15"></span> Tag P ini diformat dengan besar font 14 point, dan menggunakan warna merah <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="16"></span><span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="17"></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="18"></span><span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">html</span><span class="p">></span> </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Internal_CSS">Internal CSS</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bagian: Internal CSS" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Internal CSS"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>CSS didefinisikan terlebih dahulu dalam tag <b><style> ... </style></b> di dalam tag <b><head></b><sup id="cite_ref-css_html_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-css_html-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> . Pada pendefinisian ini disebutkan atribut-atribut CSS yang akan digunakan untuk tag-tag HTML, yang selanjutnya dapat digunakan oleh tag HTML yang bersangkutan. </p><p>Contoh: </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-html mw-content-ltr mw-highlight-lines" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="linenos" data-line="1"></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">html</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="2"></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="3"></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">head</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="4"></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">></span>Contoh Bentuk Embedded<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="5"></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">style</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="6"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="7"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">background</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mh">#0000FF</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="8"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">color</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mh">#FFFF00</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="9"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">margin-left</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="kt">in</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="10"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="11"></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="12"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="13"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">font-size</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">18</span><span class="kt">pt</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="14"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">color</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mh">#FF0000</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="15"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="16"></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="17"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="18"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">font-size</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">12</span><span class="kt">pt</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="19"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">font-family</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Arial</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="20"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">text-indent</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="kt">in</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="21"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="22"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">style</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="23"></span><span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">head</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="24"></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="25"></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="26"></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">h1</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"cth1"</span><span class="p">></span>Judul ini berukuran 18 dengan warna merah!<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="27"></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">p</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"cth2"</span><span class="p">></span>Tag p ini di format dengan besar font 12 point dengan tipe font Arial dan mempunyai indntasi 0.5 inci <span class="linenos" data-line="28"></span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="29"></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">p</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"cth3"</span><span class="p">></span>Yang perlu diperhatikan juga bahwa body disini telah diformat dengan margin kiri 0.5 inch dan warna <span class="linenos" data-line="30"></span> background biru<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="31"></span><span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="32"></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="33"></span><span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">html</span><span class="p">></span> </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="External_CSS">External CSS</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Sunting bagian: External CSS" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=edit&section=5" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: External CSS"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>CSS didefinisikan dengan disimpan di berkas yang berbeda. Ini dapat digunakan di semua berkas HTML sehingga memudahkan seorang pengembang web untuk mengembangkan situs web miliknya. </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-html mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">link</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"lokasiberkas.css"</span> <span class="na">rel</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"stylesheet"</span><span class="p">></span> </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Shorthand_CSS">Shorthand CSS</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Sunting bagian: Shorthand CSS" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=edit&section=6" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Shorthand CSS"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Beberapa properti CSS dapat disingkat dengan metode <i>shorthand</i> CSS. Ini dilakukan dengan cara mempersingkat penulisan kode CSS yang memungkinkan untuk menetapkan nilai beberapa <i>property</i> secara bersamaan, sehingga kode yang ditulis lebih ringkas. </p><p>Dalam CSS, wajar jika satu properti memiliki banyak elemen; misalnya dalam properti margin yang memiliki 4 properti untuk setiap sisi elemen, yaitu: </p> <ol><li>margin-top</li> <li>margin-right</li> <li>margin-bottom</li> <li>margin-left</li></ol> <p>Saat ini metode penulisan shorthand CSS tersedia untuk beberapa properti berikut: </p> <ol><li>Margin</li> <li>Padding</li> <li>Font</li> <li>Background</li> <li>Border</li> <li>List</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Margin">Margin</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Sunting bagian: Margin" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=edit&section=7" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Margin"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-css mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="nt">margin</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">3px</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">5px</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">7px</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">10px</span><span class="o">;</span> </pre></div><p>Artinya:</p><div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-css mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="nt">margin-top</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">3px</span><span class="o">;</span> <span class="nt">margin-right</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">5px</span><span class="o">;</span> <span class="nt">margin-bottom</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">7px</span><span class="o">;</span> <span class="nt">margin-left</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">10px</span><span class="o">;</span> </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Padding">Padding</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Sunting bagian: Padding" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=edit&section=8" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Padding"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-css mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="nt">padding</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">3px</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">5px</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">7px</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">10px</span><span class="o">;</span> </pre></div><p>Artinya:</p><div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-css mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="nt">padding-top</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">3px</span><span class="o">;</span> <span class="nt">padding-right</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">5px</span><span class="o">;</span> <span class="nt">padding-bottom</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">7px</span><span class="o">;</span> <span class="nt">padding-left</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">10px</span><span class="o">;</span> </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Font">Font</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Sunting bagian: Font" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=edit&section=9" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Font"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-css mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="nt">font</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">italic</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">bold</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">14px</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="nt">30px</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">Arial</span><span class="o">;</span> </pre></div><p>Artinya:</p><div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-css mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="nt">font-style</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">italic</span><span class="o">;</span> <span class="nt">font-weight</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">bold</span><span class="o">;</span> <span class="nt">font-size</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">14px</span><span class="o">;</span> <span class="nt">line-height</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">30px</span><span class="o">;</span> <span class="nt">font-family</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">Arial</span><span class="o">;</span> </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Background">Background</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Sunting bagian: Background" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=edit&section=10" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Background"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-css mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="nt">background</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">#</span><span class="nn">cc0000</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">url</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="s1">'igniel.jpg'</span><span class="o">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">no-repeat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">top</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">center</span><span class="o">;</span> </pre></div><p>Artinya:</p><div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-css mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="nt">background-color</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">#</span><span class="nn">cc0000</span><span class="o">;</span> <span class="nt">background-image</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">url</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="s1">'igniel.jpg'</span><span class="o">);</span> <span class="nt">background-repeat</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">no-repeat</span><span class="o">;</span> <span class="nt">background-position</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">top</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">center</span><span class="o">;</span> </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Border">Border</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Sunting bagian: Border" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=edit&section=11" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Border"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-css mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="nt">border</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">3px</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">solid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">#</span><span class="nn">0000cc</span><span class="o">;</span> </pre></div><p>Artinya:</p><div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-css mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="nt">border-width</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">5px</span><span class="o">;</span> <span class="nt">border-style</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">solid</span><span class="o">;</span> <span class="nt">border-color</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">#</span><span class="nn">0000cc</span><span class="o">;</span> </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="List">List</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Sunting bagian: List" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=edit&section=12" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: List"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-css mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="nt">list-style</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">disc</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">inside</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">url</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="s1">'dot.gif'</span><span class="o">);</span> </pre></div><p>Artinya:</p><div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-css mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="nt">list-style-type</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">disc</span><span class="o">;</span> <span class="nt">list-style-position</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">inside</span><span class="o">;</span> <span class="nt">list-style-image</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">url</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="s1">'dot.gif'</span><span class="o">);</span> </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Penulisan_komentar_pada_CSS">Penulisan komentar pada CSS</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Sunting bagian: Penulisan komentar pada CSS" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=edit&section=13" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Penulisan komentar pada CSS"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-css mw-content-ltr mw-highlight-lines" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="linenos" data-line="1"></span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="2"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c">/* ini adalah komentar untuk satu baris */</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="3"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">color</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">red</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span> <span class="linenos" data-line="4"></span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="5"></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="6"></span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="7"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c">/* </span> <span class="linenos" data-line="8"></span><span class="c"> ini juga adalah komentar untuk dua baris atau lebih.</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="9"></span><span class="c"> seluruh teks yang berada pada pembuka dan penutup sebuah komentar </span> <span class="linenos" data-line="10"></span><span class="c"> akan diabaikan oleh browser sebagai compiler.</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="11"></span><span class="c"> */</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="12"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">color</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">red</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span> <span class="linenos" data-line="13"></span><span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="CSS_Selector">CSS Selector</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Sunting bagian: CSS Selector" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=edit&section=14" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: CSS Selector"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Universal_Selector">Universal Selector</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Sunting bagian: Universal Selector" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=edit&section=15" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Universal Selector"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Universal selector</i> digunakan untuk diterapkan pada seluruh elemen.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-css mw-content-ltr mw-highlight-lines" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="linenos" data-line="1"></span><span class="c">/* diterapkan pada seluruh elemen */</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="2"></span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="3"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">color</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">green</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="4"></span><span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Type_Selector">Type Selector</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Sunting bagian: Type Selector" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=edit&section=16" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Type Selector"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Type selector</i> merupakan cara penulisan CSS dengan nama elemen sebagai target untuk diterapkannya <i>rule</i>. Ketika menggunakan <i>selector</i> ini, maka rule akan diterapkan pada seluruh elemen target yang ada pada dokumen HTML.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-css mw-content-ltr mw-highlight-lines" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="linenos" data-line="1"></span><span class="c">/* akan diterapkan pada seluruh elemen <a>*/</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="2"></span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="3"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">color</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">blue</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="4"></span><span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ID_Selector">ID Selector</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Sunting bagian: ID Selector" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=edit&section=17" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: ID Selector"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>ID selector</i> menetapkan target elemen berdasarkan nilai dari atribut id yang diterapkan pada elemennya. Agar elemen dapat terpilih, maka atribut <b>id</b> pada elemen harus sama persis dengan yang ada di selector.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Contohnya adalah sebagai berikut:</p><div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-html mw-content-ltr mw-highlight-lines" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="linenos" data-line="1"></span><span class="cp"><!DOCTYPE html></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="2"></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">html</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="3"></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="4"></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">head</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="5"></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">></span>Page Title<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="6"></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">style</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="7"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">#</span><span class="nn">contoh</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="8"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">border</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">black</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">solid</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="9"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">border-radius</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">16</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="10"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="11"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">style</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="12"></span><span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">head</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="13"></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="14"></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="15"></span> <span class="cm"><!-- Elemen dengan id="contoh" --></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="16"></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">p</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"contoh"</span><span class="p">></span>ini adalah contoh kalimat.<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="17"></span><span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="18"></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="19"></span><span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">html</span><span class="p">></span> </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Class_Selector">Class Selector</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Sunting bagian: Class Selector" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=edit&section=18" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Class Selector"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Class selector</i> menetapkan target elemen berdasarkan nilai atribut class yang diterapkan pada elemennya. Mirip seperti <i>ID Selector,</i> untuk menerapkan <i>class selector</i> maka atribut <b>class</b> pada elemen harus sesuai dengan yang ada di selector.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Contohnya adalah sebagai berikut:</p><div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-html mw-content-ltr mw-highlight-lines" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="linenos" data-line="1"></span><span class="cp"><!DOCTYPE html></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="2"></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">html</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="3"></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="4"></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">head</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="5"></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">></span>Page Title<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="6"></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">style</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="7"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">contoh</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="8"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">border</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">black</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">solid</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="9"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">border-radius</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">16</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="10"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="11"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">style</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="12"></span><span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">head</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="13"></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="14"></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="15"></span> <span class="cm"><!-- Elemen dengan class="contoh" --></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="16"></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">p</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"contoh"</span><span class="p">></span>ini adalah contoh kalimat.<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="17"></span><span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="18"></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="19"></span><span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">html</span><span class="p">></span> </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Grouping_Selector_pada_CSS">Grouping Selector pada CSS</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Sunting bagian: Grouping Selector pada CSS" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=edit&section=19" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Grouping Selector pada CSS"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Grouping selector</i> pada CSS merupakan cara penulisan CSS yang mana ketika <i>selector</i> CSS memiliki <i>property</i> yang sama dapat dikelompokkan dengan <i>selector</i> lainnya. Contohnya adalah sebagai berikut:</p><div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-css mw-content-ltr mw-highlight-lines" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="linenos" data-line="1"></span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="2"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">color</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">red</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="3"></span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="4"></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="5"></span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="6"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">color</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">red</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="7"></span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="8"></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="9"></span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="10"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">color</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">red</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="11"></span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="12"></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="13"></span><span class="c">/* ini adalah class selector */</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="14"></span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">text</span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="15"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">color</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">red</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="16"></span><span class="p">}</span> </pre></div><p>Kode CSS di atas akan lebih baik dikelompokkan seperti di bawah ini, dengan tujuan untuk meminimalisasi penulisan kode yang sama berulang.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-css mw-content-ltr mw-highlight-lines" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="linenos" data-line="1"></span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="o">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="o">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="o">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">text</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="2"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">color</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">red</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="3"></span><span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Descendant_Selector">Descendant Selector</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Sunting bagian: Descendant Selector" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=edit&section=20" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Descendant Selector"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Descendant selector</i> merupakan cara penulisan CSS dengan memanggil semua elemen yang merupakan turunan dari elemen tertentu. <sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-css mw-content-ltr mw-highlight-lines" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="linenos" data-line="1"></span><span class="c">/* Memanggil elemen <p> di dalam elemen <div> */</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="2"></span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="3"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">font-size</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">12</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="4"></span><span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Child_Selector">Child Selector</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Sunting bagian: Child Selector" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=edit&section=21" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Child Selector"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Child selector</i> merupakan cara penulisan CSS dengan memilih semua elemen yang merupakan anak langsung dari elemen tertentu. <sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Contoh: </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-html mw-content-ltr mw-highlight-lines" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="linenos" data-line="1"></span><span class="cp"><!DOCTYPE html></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="2"></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">html</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="3"></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">head</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="4"></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">></span>Page Title<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="5"></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">style</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="6"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="7"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">font-size</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">12</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="8"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="9"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">style</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="10"></span><span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">head</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="11"></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="12"></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="13"></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> Teks 1 di dalam div. <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="14"></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> Teks 2 di dalam div.<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="15"></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="16"></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> Teks 3 di section tetapi merupakan turunan dari div <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="17"></span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="18"></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> Teks 4 di dalam div <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="19"></span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="20"></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span>Teks 5 tidak di dalam div.<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="21"></span><span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="22"></span><span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">html</span><span class="p">></span> </pre></div> <p>Ini akan menghasilkan teks yang berada langsung di elemen <code><div></code> akan dirender dengan font berukuran 12 px, sedangkan teks yang tidak berada di dalam elemen <code><div></code> atau berada di elemen lain tetapi merupakan turunan dari elemen <code><div></code>, tetap memiliki ukuran font yang normal. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dukungan_dari_peramban_web">Dukungan dari peramban web</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Sunting bagian: Dukungan dari peramban web" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=edit&section=22" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Dukungan dari peramban web"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Masing-masing peramban web menggunakan <a href="/wiki/Mesin_tata_letak" class="mw-redirect" title="Mesin tata letak">mesin tata letak</a> yang berbeda. Contohnya <a href="/wiki/Firefox" title="Firefox">Firefox</a> menggunakan <a href="/wiki/Gecko" class="mw-redirect" title="Gecko">Gecko</a> sebagai mesin tata letaknya dan Chromium menggunakan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Blink_(mesin_browser)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Blink (mesin browser) (halaman belum tersedia)">Blink</a> sebagai mesin tata letaknya. Dukungan untuk fitur CSS dari setiap mesin tata letak terkadang sering tidak konsisten. Beberapa teknik pun bermunculan untuk menggunakan suatu fitur CSS ke peramban web yang tidak mendukung fitur tersebut (biasa disebut <i>CSS hack</i>). Adopsi fitur CSS baru dapat terhambat oleh kurangnya dukungan dari peramban-peramban web besar. Contohnya fitur <code>cross-fade()</code> telah didukung oleh Chrome dan Safari namun sampai tahun 2021 masih belum didukung oleh Firefox.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Beberapa pengembang web biasanya memeriksa terlebih dahulu dukungan untuk suatu fitur CSS, terutama untuk fitur CSS baru. Beberapa situs web berikut dapat membantu seperti <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://caniuse.com">CanIUse</a> dan <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://developer.mozilla.org">Mozilla Developer Network</a>. CSS 3 memiliki fitur kueri, yang memberikan arahan <code>@supports</code> yang akan memungkinkan pengembang menargetkan peramban web dengan dukungan untuk fungsionalitas tertentu langsung di dalam CSS mereka.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> CSS yang tidak didukung oleh suatu peramban web kadang-kadang bisa ditambal menggunakan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Polyfill&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polyfill (halaman belum tersedia)">polyfill</a>, yang merupakan potongan kode <a href="/wiki/JavaScript" title="JavaScript">JavaScript</a> yang dirancang untuk memberikan dukungan untuk peramban web terhadap suatu fitur yang sebelumnya tidak didukung. Solusi ini dapat menambah kerumitan pada proyek pengembangan, dan akibatnya, perusahaan sering kali menentukan daftar versi peramban web yang akan dan tidak akan mereka dukung. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Penggunaan_CSS_dalam_perangkat_lunak_lain">Penggunaan CSS dalam perangkat lunak lain</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&veaction=edit&section=23" title="Sunting bagian: Penggunaan CSS dalam perangkat lunak lain" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=edit&section=23" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Penggunaan CSS dalam perangkat lunak lain"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>CSS dahulunya dibuat hanya untuk mempercantik halaman web. Namun, seiring perkembangan waktu CSS mulai diadopsi oleh <a href="/wiki/Perangkat_lunak" title="Perangkat lunak">perangkat lunak</a> lain. </p><p><a href="/wiki/GTK" title="GTK">GTK</a> adalah peralatan gawit <a href="/wiki/Lintas_platform" class="mw-redirect" title="Lintas platform">lintas platform</a> yang menggunakan CSS untuk memberi gaya pada setiap widget. GTK sering digunakan untuk membuat program <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>. GTK memperkenalkan API Tema baru dengan menggunakan CSS pada pembaharuan besar GTK versi 3.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Qt" title="Qt">Qt</a> merupakan toolkit widget dan biasa dipakai untuk membuat aplikasi lintas platform. Qt juga menggunakan CSS untuk mengkonfigurasi tema. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Contoh_berkas">Contoh berkas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&veaction=edit&section=24" title="Sunting bagian: Contoh berkas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=edit&section=24" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Contoh berkas"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-css mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="c">/* Kode berikut didedikasikan ke ruang publik (public domain)</span> <span class="c"> Silahkan untuk menggunakan, menyalin, dan mendistribusikan kode berikut */</span> <span class="nt">body</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">background-color</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">yellow</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="nt">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">color</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">red</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> <p>Kode diatas akan mengganti warna halaman menjadi kuning dan membuat warna paragraf menjadi berwarna merah. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="CSS_Preprocessor">CSS Preprocessor</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&veaction=edit&section=25" title="Sunting bagian: CSS Preprocessor" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=edit&section=25" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: CSS Preprocessor"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18844875">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/w/index.php?title=CSS_Preprocessor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CSS Preprocessor (halaman belum tersedia)">CSS Preprocessor</a></div><p><i>CSS preprocessor</i> (pra pengolahan) adalah bahasa script atau program yang memungkinkan pengguna menulis kode CSS sesuai dengan <a href="/wiki/Sintaksis" title="Sintaksis">sintaksis</a> (<i>syntax) prepocessor</i> itu sendiri.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ada banyak jenis CSS <i>preprocessor</i> yang dapat digunakan, namun sebagain besar CSS <i>preprocessor</i> memiliki beberapa fitur yang tidak ada dalam <i>vanilla</i> CSS (CSS murni). Beberapa fitur tersebut di antaranya yaitu penulisan variabel, <i>nesting</i>, <i>mixins</i>, <i>extends</i>, <i>color operations</i>, <i>if/else statement</i>, <i>loops</i>, dan lain sebagainya. Fitur-fitur tersebut membuat penulisan kode CSS menjadi lebih mudah dibaca dan lebih mudah dirawat,<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Berikut adalah beberapa CSS <i>preprocessor</i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Populer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Populer (halaman belum tersedia)">populer</a> dan sering digunakan, yaitu :<sup id="cite_ref-:0_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sass&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sass (halaman belum tersedia)">Sass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Less" title="Less">LESS</a></li> <li>Stylus</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=PostCSS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PostCSS (halaman belum tersedia)">PostCSS</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Variabel">Variabel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&veaction=edit&section=26" title="Sunting bagian: Variabel" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=edit&section=26" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Variabel"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Salah satu fitur yang dimiliki <i>CSS preprocessor</i> dan sering digunakan yaitu penulisan variabel. Dengan menuliskan variabel, kode yang dituliskan dapat digunakan digunakan kembali (<i>reusable</i>). Sehingga proses pengembangan suatu web dapat lebih cepat dan mudah. </p><p>Berikut adalah contoh penulisan variabel dalam <i>CSS preprocessor:</i><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sass/SCSS"><span id="Sass.2FSCSS"></span>Sass/SCSS</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&veaction=edit&section=27" title="Sunting bagian: Sass/SCSS" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=edit&section=27" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Sass/SCSS"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-sass mw-content-ltr mw-highlight-lines" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="linenos" data-line="1"></span><span class="c1">// Penulisan SCSS preprocessor </span> <span class="linenos" data-line="2"></span><span class="na">$base-color</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mh">#c6538c</span><span class="err">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="3"></span><span class="na">$border-dark</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">rgba</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$base-color</span><span class="o">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="mf">.88</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="err">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="4"></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="5"></span><span class="nc">.box</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="6"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">border</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="no">solid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$border-dark</span><span class="err">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="7"></span><span class="err">}</span> </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Less_CSS">Less CSS</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&veaction=edit&section=28" title="Sunting bagian: Less CSS" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=edit&section=28" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Less CSS"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-less mw-content-ltr mw-highlight-lines" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="linenos" data-line="1"></span><span class="o">//</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">Penulisan</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">Less</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">preprocessor</span><span class="w"> </span> <span class="linenos" data-line="2"></span><span class="nv">@width</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">10px</span><span class="o">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="3"></span><span class="nv">@height</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">@width</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">10px</span><span class="o">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="4"></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="5"></span><span class="p">#</span><span class="nn">header</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="6"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">width</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">@</span><span class="k">width</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="7"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">height</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">@</span><span class="k">height</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="8"></span><span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Stylus">Stylus</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&veaction=edit&section=29" title="Sunting bagian: Stylus" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=edit&section=29" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Stylus"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-css mw-content-ltr mw-highlight-lines" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="linenos" data-line="1"></span><span class="o">//</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">Penulisan</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">STYLUS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">preprocessor</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="2"></span><span class="nt">font-size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">1em</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="3"></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="4"></span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="5"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">font-size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">font-size</span> </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nesting">Nesting</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&veaction=edit&section=30" title="Sunting bagian: Nesting" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=edit&section=30" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Nesting"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dengan menggunakan fitur <i>nesting,</i> pengguna dapat menuliskan <i>selector</i> di dalam <i>selector</i> (bersarang). Contoh penulisannya adalah sebagai berikut:<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sass/SCSS_2"><span id="Sass.2FSCSS_2"></span>Sass/SCSS</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&veaction=edit&section=31" title="Sunting bagian: Sass/SCSS" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=edit&section=31" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Sass/SCSS"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-sass mw-content-ltr mw-highlight-lines" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="linenos" data-line="1"></span><span class="c1">// Penulisan SCSS preprocessor </span> <span class="linenos" data-line="2"></span><span class="nt">nav</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="3"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">ul</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="4"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">margin</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="err">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="5"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">padding</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="err">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="6"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">list-style</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="no">none</span><span class="err">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="7"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">}</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="8"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="9"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">display</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="no">inline</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="no">block</span><span class="err">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="10"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">}</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="11"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="12"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">display</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="no">block</span><span class="err">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="13"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">padding</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">12</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="err">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="14"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">text-decoration</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="no">none</span><span class="err">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="15"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">}</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="16"></span><span class="err">}</span> </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Less_CSS_2">Less CSS</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&veaction=edit&section=32" title="Sunting bagian: Less CSS" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=edit&section=32" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Less CSS"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-sass mw-content-ltr mw-highlight-lines" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="linenos" data-line="1"></span><span class="c1">// Penulisan Less preprocessor </span> <span class="linenos" data-line="2"></span><span class="nt">nav</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="3"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">ul</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="4"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">margin</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="err">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="5"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">padding</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="err">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="6"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">list-style</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="no">none</span><span class="err">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="7"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">}</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="8"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="9"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">display</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="no">inline</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="no">block</span><span class="err">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="10"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">}</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="11"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="12"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">display</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="no">block</span><span class="err">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="13"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">padding</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">12</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="err">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="14"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">text-decoration</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="no">none</span><span class="err">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="15"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">}</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="16"></span><span class="err">}</span> </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Stylus_2">Stylus</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&veaction=edit&section=33" title="Sunting bagian: Stylus" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=edit&section=33" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Stylus"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-css mw-content-ltr mw-highlight-lines" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="linenos" data-line="1"></span><span class="nt">nav</span><span class="w"> </span> <span class="linenos" data-line="2"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">ul</span><span class="w"> </span> <span class="linenos" data-line="3"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">margin</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">0</span><span class="o">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="4"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">padding</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">0</span><span class="o">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="5"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">list-style</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">none</span><span class="o">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="6"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="w"> </span> <span class="linenos" data-line="7"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">display</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">inline-block</span><span class="o">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="8"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="w"> </span> <span class="linenos" data-line="9"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">display</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">block</span><span class="o">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="10"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">padding</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">6px</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">12px</span><span class="o">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="11"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">text-decoration</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">none</span><span class="o">;</span> </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="CSS">CSS</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&veaction=edit&section=34" title="Sunting bagian: CSS" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=edit&section=34" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: CSS"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-css mw-content-ltr mw-highlight-lines" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="linenos" data-line="1"></span><span class="c">/* Apabila ditulis dengan kode vanilla CSS atau CSS polos, maka hasilnya adalah sebagai berikut */</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="2"></span><span class="nt">nav</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">ul</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="3"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">margin</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="4"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">padding</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="5"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">list-style</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">none</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="6"></span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="7"></span><span class="nt">nav</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="8"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">display</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">inline-block</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="9"></span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="10"></span><span class="nt">nav</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="11"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">display</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">block</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="12"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">padding</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">12</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="13"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">text-decoration</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">none</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="14"></span><span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lihat_pula">Lihat pula</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&veaction=edit&section=35" title="Sunting bagian: Lihat pula" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=edit&section=35" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Lihat pula"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bootstrap_(kerangka_kerja)" title="Bootstrap (kerangka kerja)">Bootstrap (kerangka kerja)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tailwind_CSS" title="Tailwind CSS">Tailwind CSS</a></li> <li>Bulma</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referensi">Referensi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&veaction=edit&section=36" title="Sunting bagian: Referensi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=edit&section=36" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Referensi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18833634">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Slamet-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Slamet_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Slamet_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Slamet_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Slamet Riyanto, <i>Membuat Web Portal Multi Bahasa Jomla 1.5X + CD</i>, halaman 236. Elex Media Komputindo.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dominikus-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-dominikus_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dominikus_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Dominikus Juju & Matamaya Studio, <i>Seri Penuntun Praktis Join Multiply</i>, halaman 95. Elex Media Komputindo.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SRR-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SRR_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SRR_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Sulistyawan, Rubianto, Rahmad Saleh, <i>Modifikasi Blog Multiply dengan CSS</i>, halaman 32. Elex Media Komputindo.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://w3schools.com/css3/css3_intro.asp">"CSS 3 Introduction"</a>. W3Schools.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CSS+3+Introduction&rft.pub=W3Schools&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fw3schools.com%2Fcss3%2Fcss3_intro.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ACascading+Style+Sheets" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pranala_mati" title="Wikipedia:Pranala mati"><span title=" pranala nonaktif sejak Februari 2021">pranala nonaktif permanen</span></a></i>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Untung Julianto, <i>Modifikator Blogger + CD</i>, halaman 22. Elex Media Komputindo.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-css_html-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-css_html_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-css_html_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-css_html_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-css_html_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Untung Rahardja, Augury El Rayeb, & Asep Saefullah (2009). <i>Siapa saja bisa membuat website dengan CSS dan HTML</i>, halaman 37-41. Andi Yogyakarta.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/First_steps/How_CSS_is_structured">"How CSS is structured - Learn web development | MDN"</a> (dalam bahasa Inggris)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2024-09-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+CSS+is+structured+-+Learn+web+development+%7C+MDN&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn%2FCSS%2FFirst_steps%2FHow_CSS_is_structured&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ACascading+Style+Sheets" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Universal_selectors">"Universal selectors - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets | MDN"</a>. <i>developer.mozilla.org</i> (dalam bahasa Inggris)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2022-09-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=developer.mozilla.org&rft.atitle=Universal+selectors+-+CSS%3A+Cascading+Style+Sheets+%7C+MDN&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FWeb%2FCSS%2FUniversal_selectors&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ACascading+Style+Sheets" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Type_selectors">"Type selectors - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets | MDN"</a>. <i>developer.mozilla.org</i> (dalam bahasa Inggris)<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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tersedia)">Namespace</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=XML_Schema_(W3C)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="XML Schema (W3C) (halaman belum tersedia)">Schema</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=XML_Signature&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="XML Signature (halaman belum tersedia)">Signature</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=XForms&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="XForms (halaman belum tersedia)">XForms</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=XInclude&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="XInclude (halaman belum tersedia)">XInclude</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=XLink&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="XLink (halaman belum tersedia)">XLink</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=XML-binary_Optimized_Packaging&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="XML-binary Optimized Packaging (halaman belum tersedia)">XOP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XPath" title="XPath">XPath</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=XPath_2.0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="XPath 2.0 (halaman belum tersedia)">2.0</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=XPath_3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="XPath 3 (halaman belum tersedia)">3.x</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=XPointer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="XPointer (halaman belum tersedia)">XPointer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=XProc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="XProc (halaman belum tersedia)">XProc</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=XQuery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="XQuery (halaman belum tersedia)">XQuery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XSL" class="mw-redirect" title="XSL">XSL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XSL_Formatting_Objects" class="mw-redirect" title="XSL Formatting Objects">XSL-FO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XSLT" class="mw-redirect" title="XSLT">XSLT</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=XSLT_elements&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="XSLT elements (halaman belum tersedia)">elements</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Catatan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IndieAuth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IndieAuth (halaman belum tersedia)">IndieAuth</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=XAdES&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="XAdES (halaman belum tersedia)">XAdES</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=XBL&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="XBL (halaman belum tersedia)">XBL</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=XHTML%2BSMIL&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="XHTML+SMIL (halaman belum tersedia)">XHTML+SMIL</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Extensible_User_Interface_Protocol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Extensible User Interface Protocol (halaman belum tersedia)">XUP</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Web_Consortium#Working_draft_(WD)" class="mw-redirect" title="World Wide Web Consortium">Daftar kerja</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Call_Control_eXtensible_Markup_Language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Call Control eXtensible Markup Language (halaman belum tersedia)">CCXML</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=CURIE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CURIE (halaman belum tersedia)">CURIE</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Encrypted_Media_Extensions&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encrypted Media Extensions (halaman belum tersedia)">EME</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=InkML&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="InkML (halaman belum tersedia)">InkML</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Media_Source_Extensions&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Media Source Extensions (halaman belum tersedia)">MSE</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rule_Interchange_Format&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rule Interchange Format (halaman belum tersedia)">RIF</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SMIL_Timesheets&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SMIL Timesheets (halaman belum tersedia)">SMIL Timesheets</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SXBL&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SXBL (halaman belum tersedia)">sXBL</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=WebGPU&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WebGPU (halaman belum tersedia)">WebGPU</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=WebXR&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WebXR (halaman belum tersedia)">WebXR</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Extensible_Forms_Description_Language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Extensible Forms Description Language (halaman belum tersedia)">XFDL</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=XFrames&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="XFrames (halaman belum tersedia)">XFrames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XMLHttpRequest" title="XMLHttpRequest">XMLHttpRequest</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Panduan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Web_Content_Accessibility_Guidelines" title="Web Content Accessibility Guidelines">Web Content Accessibility Guidelines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Inisiatif</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/W3C_Markup_Validation_Service" title="W3C Markup Validation Service">Markup Validation Service</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Web_Accessibility_Initiative&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Web Accessibility Initiative (halaman belum tersedia)">Web Accessibility Initiative</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Web_Components&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Web Components (halaman belum tersedia)">Web Components</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Terdahulu</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=C-HTML&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C-HTML (halaman belum tersedia)">C-HTML</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Handheld_Device_Markup_Language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Handheld Device Markup Language (halaman belum tersedia)">HDML</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=JavaScript_Style_Sheets&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JavaScript Style Sheets (halaman belum tersedia)">JSSS</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Precision_Graphics_Markup_Language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Precision Graphics Markup Language (halaman belum tersedia)">PGML</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vector_Markup_Language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vector Markup Language (halaman belum tersedia)">VML</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=WebPlatform.org&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WebPlatform.org (halaman belum tersedia)">WebPlatform</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=XHTML%2BMathML%2BSVG&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="XHTML+MathML+SVG (halaman belum tersedia)">XHTML+MathML+SVG</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Usang</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=P3P&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="P3P (halaman belum tersedia)">P3P</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organisasi</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Wide_Web_Foundation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="World Wide Web Foundation (halaman belum tersedia)">World Wide Web Foundation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Kelompok kerja</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Technical_Architecture_Group&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Technical Architecture Group (halaman belum tersedia)">TAG</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=CSS_Working_Group&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CSS Working Group (halaman belum tersedia)">CSS</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SVG_Working_Group&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SVG Working Group (halaman belum tersedia)">SVG</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=WebAssembly&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WebAssembly (halaman belum tersedia)">WebAssembly</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Web_Authentication_Working_Group&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Web Authentication Working Group (halaman belum tersedia)">WebAuthn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WHATWG" class="mw-redirect" title="WHATWG">WHATWG</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Kelompok komunitas & bisnis</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Improving_Web_Advertising_Business_Group&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Improving Web Advertising Business Group (halaman belum tersedia)">Web Advertising BG</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=WebAssembly&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WebAssembly (halaman belum tersedia)">WebAssembly</a> CG</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Kelompok yang sudah ditutup</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=W3C_Device_Description_Working_Group&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="W3C Device Description Working Group (halaman belum tersedia)">Device Description</a> (DDWG)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=HTML_Working_Group&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HTML Working Group (halaman belum tersedia)">HTML</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=W3C_MMI&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="W3C MMI (halaman belum tersedia)">Multimodal Interaction Activity</a> (MMI)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Perangkat<br />lunak</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=CERN_httpd&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CERN httpd (halaman belum tersedia)">CERN httpd</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Libwww&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Libwww (halaman belum tersedia)">Libwww</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Peramban_web" title="Peramban web">Peramban</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Line_Mode_Browser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Line Mode Browser (halaman belum tersedia)">Line Mode</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1990–)</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arena_(peramban_web)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arena (peramban web) (halaman belum tersedia)">Arena</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1993–1998)</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agora_(peramban_web)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agora (peramban web) (halaman belum tersedia)">Agora</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1994–1997)</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Argo_(peramban_web)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Argo (peramban web) (halaman belum tersedia)">Argo</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1994–1997)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amaya_(peramban_web)" class="mw-redirect" title="Amaya (peramban web)">Amaya</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(browser/editor, 1996–2012)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Konferensi</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_World_Wide_Web_Conference" class="mw-redirect" title="International World Wide Web Conference">International World Wide Web Conference</a> (IW3C) <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_World_Wide_Web_Conferences_Steering_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International World Wide Web Conferences Steering Committee (halaman belum tersedia)">Steering Committee</a> (IW3C2)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=First_International_Conference_on_the_World-Wide_Web&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="First International Conference on the World-Wide Web (halaman belum tersedia)">First conference</a> ("WWW1", 1994)</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782733"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25847331"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Pengawasan_otoritas_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46441#identifiers&#124;Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Pengawasan_otoritas_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46441#identifiers&#124;Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengawasan_otoritas" title="Bantuan:Pengawasan otoritas">Pengawasan otoritas</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46441#identifiers" title="Sunting ini di Wikidata"><img alt="Sunting ini di Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Umum</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4467617-7">Integrated Authority File (Jerman)</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Perpustakaan nasional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX550325">Spanyol</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13739222f">Prancis</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13739222f">(data)</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2001004461">Amerika Serikat</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph164348&CON_LNG=ENG">Republik Ceko</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lain-lain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://academic.microsoft.com/v2/detail/93213560">Microsoft Academic</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed 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