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awareness</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: security awareness"> <meta name="keywords" content="security awareness"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="security awareness"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 5375</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: security awareness</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5165</span> Enhancing Internet of Things Security: A Blockchain-Based Approach for Preventing Spoofing Attacks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salha%20Abdullah%20Ali%20Al-Shamrani">Salha Abdullah Ali Al-Shamrani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maha%20Muhammad%20Dhaher%20Aljuhani"> Maha Muhammad Dhaher Aljuhani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eman%20Ali%20Ahmed%20Aldhaheri"> Eman Ali Ahmed Aldhaheri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices in various industries, there has been a concurrent rise in security vulnerabilities, particularly spoofing attacks. This study explores the potential of blockchain technology in enhancing the security of IoT systems and mitigating these attacks. Blockchain's decentralized and immutable ledger offers significant promise for improving data integrity, transaction transparency, and tamper-proofing. This research develops and implements a blockchain-based IoT architecture and a reference network to simulate real-world scenarios and evaluate a blockchain-integrated intrusion detection system. Performance measures including time delay, security, and resource utilization are used to assess the system's effectiveness, comparing it to conventional IoT networks without blockchain. The results provide valuable insights into the practicality and efficacy of employing blockchain as a security mechanism, shedding light on the trade-offs between speed and security in blockchain deployment for IoT. The study concludes that despite minor increases in time consumption, the security benefits of incorporating blockchain technology into IoT systems outweigh potential drawbacks, demonstrating a significant potential for blockchain in bolstering IoT security. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internet%20of%20things" title="internet of things">internet of things</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spoofing" title=" spoofing"> spoofing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IoT" title=" IoT"> IoT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=access%20control" title=" access control"> access control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blockchain" title=" blockchain"> blockchain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=raspberry%20pi" title=" raspberry pi"> raspberry pi</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177699/enhancing-internet-of-things-security-a-blockchain-based-approach-for-preventing-spoofing-attacks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177699.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">74</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5164</span> An Investigation of Thai Passengers’ Level of Understanding and Awareness: Cabin Crew Safety Briefing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chantarat%20Manvichien">Chantarat Manvichien</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20Wongleedee"> Kevin Wongleedee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this research was to study Thai passengers’ level of understanding and awareness of the cabin crew safety briefing in the airplane during the preparation to take off and landing. It is important to know if Thai passengers pay attention to cabin crew safety briefing and to suggest a better way to draw their attention. The independent variables included gender, age, income, levels of education, travelling purpose, and travelling frequency while the dependent variables was level of awareness. A simple random sampling method was utilized to get 400 respondents. The findings revealed the ranking the first three levels of importance by highest mean to lowest mean as follows: (1) It is important to listen to cabin crew safety briefing; (2) Cabin crew briefing is interesting; (3) Information from cabin crew safety briefing is easy to understand. In addition, the overall means was 3.27 with 0.800 SD. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cabin%20crew" title="cabin crew">cabin crew</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety%20briefing" title=" safety briefing"> safety briefing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thai%20passengers" title=" Thai passengers"> Thai passengers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=awareness" title=" awareness"> awareness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14645/an-investigation-of-thai-passengers-level-of-understanding-and-awareness-cabin-crew-safety-briefing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14645.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">402</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5163</span> The Effort of Good Governance in Enhancing Foods Security for Sustainable National Development</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Egboja%20Simon%20Oga">Egboja Simon Oga</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the most important keys to the success of a nation is to ensure steady development and national economic self-sufficiency and independence. It is therefore in this regard that this paper is designed to identify food security to be crucial to all nations’ effort toward sustainable national development. Nigeria as a case study employed various effort by the successive government towards food security. Emphasis were placed on the extent to which government has boosted food security situation on the basis of the identified limitations, conclusion was drawn, recommendation/suggestions proffered, that subsidization of the process of farm inputs like fertilizer, improved seeds and agrochemical, education of farmers on modern methods of farming through extension services, improvisation of village-based food storage mechanism and provision of infrastructural facilities in rural areas to facilitate the preservation and easy evacuation of farm produces are necessary. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food" title="food">food</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=governance" title="governance">governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development" title="development">development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security" title="security">security</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32029/the-effort-of-good-governance-in-enhancing-foods-security-for-sustainable-national-development" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32029.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">332</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5162</span> Classification of Attacks Over Cloud Environment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karim%20Abouelmehdi">Karim Abouelmehdi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Loubna%20Dali"> Loubna Dali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elmoutaoukkil%20Abdelmajid"> Elmoutaoukkil Abdelmajid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hoda%20Elsayed"> Hoda Elsayed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eladnani%20Fatiha"> Eladnani Fatiha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benihssane%20Abderahim"> Benihssane Abderahim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The security of cloud services is the concern of cloud service providers. In this paper, we will mention different classifications of cloud attacks referred by specialized organizations. Each agency has its classification of well-defined properties. The purpose is to present a high-level classification of current research in cloud computing security. This classification is organized around attack strategies and corresponding defenses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cloud%20computing" title="cloud computing">cloud computing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classification" title=" classification"> classification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk" title=" risk"> risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security" title=" security"> security</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31849/classification-of-attacks-over-cloud-environment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31849.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">548</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5161</span> Tribal Food Security Assessment and Its Measurement Index: A Study of Tribes and Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups in Jharkhand, India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ambika%20Prasad%20Gupta">Ambika Prasad Gupta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Harshit%20Sosan%20Lakra"> Harshit Sosan Lakra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Food security is an important issue that has been widely discussed in literature. However, there is a lack of research on the specific food security challenges faced by tribal communities. Tribal food security refers to the ability of indigenous or tribal communities to consistently access and afford an adequate and nutritious supply of food. These communities often have unique cultural, social, and economic contexts that can impact their food security. The study aims to assess the food security status of all thirty-two major tribes, including Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTG) people living in various blocks of Jharkhand State. The methodology of this study focuses on measuring the food security index of indigenous people by developing and redefining a new Tribal Food Security Index (TFSI) as per the indigenous community-level indicators identified by the Global Food Security Index and other indicators relevant to food security. Affordability, availability, quality and safety, and natural resources were the dimensions used to calculate the overall Tribal Food Security Index. A survey was conducted for primary data collection of tribes and PVTGs at the household level in various districts of Jharkhand with a considerable tribal population. The result shows that due to the transition from rural to urban areas, there is a considerable change in TFSI and a decrease in forest dependency of tribal communities. Socioeconomic factors like occupation and household size had a significant correlation with TFSI. Tribal households living in forests have a higher food security index than tribal households residing in urban transition areas. The study also shows that alternative methodology adopted to measure specific community-level food security creates high significant impact than using commonly used indices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indigenous%20people" title="indigenous people">indigenous people</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tribal%20food%20security" title=" tribal food security"> tribal food security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particularly%20vulnerable%20tribal%20groups" title=" particularly vulnerable tribal groups"> particularly vulnerable tribal groups</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jharkhand" title=" Jharkhand"> Jharkhand</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173243/tribal-food-security-assessment-and-its-measurement-index-a-study-of-tribes-and-particularly-vulnerable-tribal-groups-in-jharkhand-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173243.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">81</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5160</span> Security Model for RFID Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20Ayoade">John Ayoade</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) has gained a lot of popularity in all walks of life due to its usefulness and diverse use of the technology in almost every application. However, there have been some security concerns most especially in regards to how authentic readers and tags can confirm their authenticity before confidential data is exchanged between them. In this paper, Kerberos protocol is adopted for the mutual authentication of RFID system components in order to ensure the secure communication between those components and to realize the authenticity of the communicating components. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RFID" title="RFID">RFID</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security" title=" security"> security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mutual%20authentication" title=" mutual authentication"> mutual authentication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kerberos" title=" Kerberos"> Kerberos</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16187/security-model-for-rfid-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16187.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">469</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5159</span> Stressors Faced by Border Security Officers: The Singapore Experience</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jansen%20Ang">Jansen Ang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrew%20Neo"> Andrew Neo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dawn%20Chia"> Dawn Chia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Border Security is unlike mainstream policing in that officers are essentially in static deployment, working round the clock every day and every hour of the year looking for illegitimate entry of persons and goods. In Singapore, Border Security officers perform multiple functions to ensure the nation’s safety and security. They are responsible for safeguarding the borders of Singapore to prevent threats from entering the country. Being the first line of defence in ensuring the nation’s border security officers are entrusted with the responsibility of screening travellers inbound and outbound of Singapore daily. They examined 99 million arrivals and departures at the various checkpoints in 2014, which is a considerable volume compared to most immigration agencies. The officers’ work scopes also include cargo clearance, protective and security functions of checkpoints. The officers work in very demanding environment which can range from the smog at the land checkpoints to the harshness of the ports at the sea checkpoints. In addition, all immigration checkpoints are located at the boundaries, posing commuting challenges for officers. At the land checkpoints, festive seasons and school breaks are peak periods as given the surge of inbound and outbound travellers at the various checkpoints. Such work provides unique challenges in comparison to other law enforcement duties. This paper assesses the current stressors faced by officers of a border security agency through the conduct of ground observations as well as a perceived stress survey as well as recommendations in combating stressors faced by border security officers. The findings from the field observations and surveys indicate organisational and operational stressors that are unique to border security and recommends interventions in managing these stressors. Understanding these stressors would better inform border security agencies on the interventions needed to enhance the resilience of border security officers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=border%20security" title="border security">border security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Singapore" title=" Singapore"> Singapore</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stress" title=" stress"> stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operations" title=" operations"> operations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41300/stressors-faced-by-border-security-officers-the-singapore-experience" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41300.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">326</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5158</span> Programming Systems in Implementation of Process Safety at Chemical Process Industry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Shayan">Maryam Shayan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Programming frameworks have been utilized as a part of chemical industry process safety operation and configuration to enhance its effectiveness. This paper gives a brief survey and investigation of the best in class and effects of programming frameworks in process security. A study was completed by talking staff accountable for procedure wellbeing practices in the Iranian chemical process industry and diving into writing of innovation for procedure security. This article investigates the useful and operational attributes of programming frameworks for security and endeavors to sort the product as indicated by its level of effect in the administration chain of importance. The study adds to better comprehension of the parts of Information Communication Technology in procedure security, the future patterns and conceivable gaps for innovative work. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=programming%20frameworks" title="programming frameworks">programming frameworks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20industry%20process" title=" chemical industry process"> chemical industry process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process%20security" title=" process security"> process security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=administration%20chain" title=" administration chain"> administration chain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20communication%20technology" title=" information communication technology"> information communication technology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32709/programming-systems-in-implementation-of-process-safety-at-chemical-process-industry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32709.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">373</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5157</span> Mobile Agent Security Using Reference Monitor Based Security Framework</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sandhya%20Armoogum">Sandhya Armoogum</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In distributed systems and in open systems such as the Internet, often mobile code has to run on unknown and potentially hostile hosts. Mobile code such as a mobile agent is vulnerable when executing on remote hosts. The mobile agent may be subjected to various attacks such as tampering, inspection, and replay attack by a malicious host. Much research has been done to provide solutions for various security problems, such as authentication of mobile agent and hosts, integrity and confidentiality of the data carried by the mobile agent. Many of such proposed solutions in literature are not suitable for open systems whereby the mobile code arrives and executes on a host which is not known and trusted by the mobile agent owner. In this paper, we propose the adoption of the reference monitor by hosts in an open system for providing trust and security for mobile code execution. A secure protocol for the distribution of the reference monitor entity is described. This reference monitor entity on the remote host may also provide several security services such as authentication and integrity to the mobile code. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security" title="security">security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20agents" title=" mobile agents"> mobile agents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reference%20monitor" title=" reference monitor"> reference monitor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trust" title=" trust"> trust</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31788/mobile-agent-security-using-reference-monitor-based-security-framework" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31788.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">440</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5156</span> Comprehensive Review of Ultralightweight Security Protocols</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prashansa%20Singh">Prashansa Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manjot%20Kaur"> Manjot Kaur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rohit%20Bajaj"> Rohit Bajaj</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The proliferation of wireless sensor networks and Internet of Things (IoT) devices in the quickly changing digital landscape has highlighted the urgent need for strong security solutions that can handle these systems’ limited resources. A key solution to this problem is the emergence of ultralightweight security protocols, which provide strong security features while respecting the strict computational, energy, and memory constraints imposed on these kinds of devices. This in-depth analysis explores the field of ultralightweight security protocols, offering a thorough examination of their evolution, salient features, and the particular security issues they resolve. We carefully examine and contrast different protocols, pointing out their advantages and disadvantages as well as the compromises between resource limitations and security resilience. We also study these protocols’ application domains, including the Internet of Things, RFID systems, and wireless sensor networks, to name a few. In addition, the review highlights recent developments and advancements in the field, pointing out new trends and possible avenues for future research. This paper aims to be a useful resource for researchers, practitioners, and developers, guiding the design and implementation of safe, effective, and scalable systems in the Internet of Things era by providing a comprehensive overview of ultralightweight security protocols. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless%20sensor%20network" title="wireless sensor network">wireless sensor network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine-to-machine" title=" machine-to-machine"> machine-to-machine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MQTT%20broker" title=" MQTT broker"> MQTT broker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=server" title=" server"> server</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultralightweight" title=" ultralightweight"> ultralightweight</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TCP%2FIP" title=" TCP/IP"> TCP/IP</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183071/comprehensive-review-of-ultralightweight-security-protocols" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183071.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">82</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5155</span> Cybersecurity Protection Structures: The Case of Lesotho</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20N.%20Mosola">N. N. Mosola</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20F.%20Moeketsi"> K. F. Moeketsi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Sehobai"> R. Sehobai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Pule"> N. Pule</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Internet brings increasing use of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) services and facilities. Consequently, new computing paradigms emerge to provide services over the Internet. Although there are several benefits stemming from these services, they pose several risks inherited from the Internet. For example, cybercrime, identity theft, malware etc. To thwart these risks, this paper proposes a holistic approach. This approach involves multidisciplinary interactions. The paper proposes a top-down and bottom-up approach to deal with cyber security concerns in developing countries. These concerns range from regulatory and legislative areas, cyber awareness, research and development, technical dimensions etc. The main focus areas are highlighted and a cybersecurity model solution is proposed. The paper concludes by combining all relevant solutions into a proposed cybersecurity model to assist developing countries in enhancing a cyber-safe environment to instill and promote a culture of cybersecurity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cybercrime" title="cybercrime">cybercrime</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cybersecurity" title=" cybersecurity"> cybersecurity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer%20emergency%20response%20team" title=" computer emergency response team"> computer emergency response team</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer%20security%20incident%20response%20team" title=" computer security incident response team"> computer security incident response team</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107166/cybersecurity-protection-structures-the-case-of-lesotho" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107166.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">156</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5154</span> Modeling Water Inequality and Water Security: The Role of Water Governance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pius%20Babuna">Pius Babuna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaohua%20Yang"> Xiaohua Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roberto%20Xavier%20Supe%20Tulcan"> Roberto Xavier Supe Tulcan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bian%20Dehui"> Bian Dehui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Takase"> Mohammed Takase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bismarck%20Yelfogle%20Guba"> Bismarck Yelfogle Guba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chuanliang%20Han"> Chuanliang Han</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Doris%20Abra%20Awudi"> Doris Abra Awudi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meishui%20Lia"> Meishui Lia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Water inequality, water security, and water governance are fundamental parameters that affect the sustainable use of water resources. Through policy formulation and decision-making, water governance determines both water security and water inequality. Largely, where water inequality exists, water security is undermined through unsustainable water use practices that lead to pollution of water resources, conflicts, hoarding of water, and poor sanitation. Incidentally, the interconnectedness of water governance, water inequality, and water security has not been investigated previously. This study modified the Gini coefficient and used a Logistics Growth of Water Resources (LGWR) Model to access water inequality and water security mathematically, and discussed the connected role of water governance. We tested the validity of both models by calculating the actual water inequality and water security of Ghana. We also discussed the implications of water inequality on water security and the overarching role of water governance. The results show that regional water inequality is widespread in some parts. The Volta region showed the highest water inequality (Gini index of 0.58), while the central region showed the lowest (Gini index of 0.15). Water security is moderately sustainable. The use of water resources is currently stress-free. It was estimated to maintain such status until 2132 ± 18, when Ghana will consume half of the current total water resources of 53.2 billion cubic meters. Effectively, water inequality is a threat to water security, results in poverty, under-development heightens tensions in water use, and causes instability. With proper water governance, water inequality can be eliminated through formulating and implementing approaches that engender equal allocation and sustainable use of water resources. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20inequality" title="water inequality">water inequality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20security" title=" water security"> water security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20governance" title=" water governance"> water governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gini%20coefficient" title=" Gini coefficient"> Gini coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moran%20index" title=" moran index"> moran index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20resources%20management" title=" water resources management"> water resources management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159818/modeling-water-inequality-and-water-security-the-role-of-water-governance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159818.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">135</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5153</span> The Social Perception of National Security Risks: A Comparative Perspective</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nicula%20Valentin">Nicula Valentin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrei%20Virginia"> Andrei Virginia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays, the individual plays a central role in the state’s architecture. This is why the subjective dimension of the security represents a key concept in risk assessment. The paper’s scope is to emphasize the discrepancy between expert and lay evaluations of national security hazards, which is caused by key factors like emotions, personal experience, knowledge and media. Therefore, we have chosen to apply, using these two different groups of respondents, the Q-sort method, which reveals individual beliefs, attitudes, preferences hidden behind the subjects’ own way of prioritizing the risks they are confronted with. Our study’s conclusions are meant to unveil significant indicators needed to be taken into consideration by a state’s leadership in order to understand the social perception of national security hazards, to communicate better with the public opinion and prevent or mitigate the overestimation of the severity or probability of these dangers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20perception" title="risk perception">risk perception</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Q-sort%20method" title=" Q-sort method"> Q-sort method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=national%20security%20hazards" title=" national security hazards"> national security hazards</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=individual%20beliefs" title=" individual beliefs"> individual beliefs</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29340/the-social-perception-of-national-security-risks-a-comparative-perspective" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29340.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">309</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5152</span> Influence of Security Attributes in Component-Based Software Development</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Somayeh%20Zeinali">Somayeh Zeinali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A component is generally defined as a piece of executable software with a published interface. Component-based software engineering (CBSE) has become recognized as a new sub-discipline of software engineering. In the component-based software development, components cannot be completely secure and thus easily become vulnerable. Some researchers have investigated this issue and proposed approaches to detect component intrusions or protect distributed components. Software security also refers to the process of creating software that is considered secure.The terms “dependability”, “trustworthiness”, and “survivability” are used interchangeably to describe the properties of software security. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=component-based%20software%20development" title="component-based software development">component-based software development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=component-based%20software%20engineering" title=" component-based software engineering "> component-based software engineering </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software%20security%20attributes" title="software security attributes">software security attributes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dependability" title=" dependability"> dependability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=component" title=" component"> component</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26037/influence-of-security-attributes-in-component-based-software-development" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26037.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">559</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5151</span> Corporate Social Responsibility of Islamic Banks in Bahrain: Depositors’ Awareness </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sutan%20Emir%20Hidayat">Sutan Emir Hidayat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Latifa%20Hassan%20Al-Qassab"> Latifa Hassan Al-Qassab</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this study is to examine depositors’ awareness on the pursuit of corporate social responsibilities (CSR) conducted by Islamic retail banks in the Kingdom of Bahrain according to the Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI) standards. The outcome of the paper is the extent to which the depositors knew about the banks’ CSR activities in promoting the welfare of the society beyond their business objectives. The study covered all Islamic retail banks in the Kingdom of Bahrain where a survey questionnaire was distributed to a total of 200 Islamic banks' depositors. The results of the survey show that the level of depositors’ awareness is limited on the pursuit of corporate social responsibilities by the banks as indicated by the small number of statements in the survey questionnaire which the respondents agreed to or of which they had satisfactory knowledge. The significant statistical difference in the respondents' answers to the survey questionnaire when they are grouped according to their respective banks prove that the level of depositors’ awareness on the pursuit of corporate social responsibilities varies considerably among the six Islamic retail banks in the kingdom. The findings of the study might be used to assist the policy makers in the field of CSR of Islamic financial institutions in formulation of better CSR activities and in delivering better services for the public welfare. The study also might help Islamic banks in the kingdom to set up strategy in order to increase the level of depositors’ awareness on their CSR activities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corporate%20social%20responsibilities" title="corporate social responsibilities">corporate social responsibilities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=awareness" title=" awareness"> awareness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islamic%20banks" title=" Islamic banks"> Islamic banks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bahrain" title=" Bahrain"> Bahrain</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84287/corporate-social-responsibility-of-islamic-banks-in-bahrain-depositors-awareness" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84287.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">419</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5150</span> Sustainable Use of Agricultural Waste to Enhance Food Security and Conserve the Environment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20M.%20Tawfik">M. M. Tawfik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ezzat%20M.%20Abd%20El%20Lateef"> Ezzat M. Abd El Lateef</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20B.%20Mekki"> B. B. Mekki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amany%20A.%20Bahr"> Amany A. Bahr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Magda%20H.%20Mohamed"> Magda H. Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gehan%20S.%20Bakhoom"> Gehan S. Bakhoom</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The rapid increase in the world’s population coupled by decrease the arable land per capita has resulted into an increased demand for food which has in turn led to the production of large amounts of agricultural wastes, both at the farmer, municipality and city levels. Agricultural wastes can be a valuable resource for improving food security. Unfortunately, agricultural wastes are likely to cause pollution to the environment or even harm to human health. This calls for increased public awareness on the benefits and potential hazards of agricultural wastes, especially in developing countries. Agricultural wastes (residual stalks, straw, leaves, roots, husks, shells etcetera) and animal waste (manures) are widely available, renewable and virtually free, hence they can be an important resource. They can be converted into heat, steam, charcoal, methanol, ethanol, bio diesel as well as raw materials (animal feed, composting, energy and biogas construction etcetera). agricultural wastes are likely to cause pollution to the environment or even harm to human health, if it is not used in a sustainable manner. Organic wastes could be considered an important source of biofertilizer for enhancing food security in the small holder farming communities that would not afford use of expensive inorganic fertilizers. Moreover, these organic wastes contain high levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and organic matter important for improving nutrient status of soils in urban agriculture. Organic compost leading to improved crop yields and its nutritional values as compared with inorganic fertilization. This paper briefly reviews how agricultural wastes can be used to enhance food security and conserve the environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agricultural%20waste" title="agricultural waste">agricultural waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20compost" title=" organic compost"> organic compost</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environment" title=" environment"> environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=valuable%20resources" title=" valuable resources"> valuable resources</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22402/sustainable-use-of-agricultural-waste-to-enhance-food-security-and-conserve-the-environment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22402.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">520</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5149</span> Improving the Security of Internet of Things Using Encryption Algorithms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amirhossein%20Safi">Amirhossein Safi </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Internet of things (IOT) is a kind of advanced information technology which has drawn societies’ attention. Sensors and stimulators are usually recognized as smart devices of our environment. Simultaneously, IOT security brings up new issues. Internet connection and possibility of interaction with smart devices cause those devices to involve more in human life. Therefore, safety is a fundamental requirement in designing IOT. IOT has three remarkable features: overall perception, reliable transmission, and intelligent processing. Because of IOT span, security of conveying data is an essential factor for system security. Hybrid encryption technique is a new model that can be used in IOT. This type of encryption generates strong security and low computation. In this paper, we have proposed a hybrid encryption algorithm which has been conducted in order to reduce safety risks and enhancing encryption's speed and less computational complexity. The purpose of this hybrid algorithm is information integrity, confidentiality, non-repudiation in data exchange for IOT. Eventually, the suggested encryption algorithm has been simulated by MATLAB software, and its speed and safety efficiency were evaluated in comparison with conventional encryption algorithm. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internet%20of%20things" title="internet of things">internet of things</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security" title=" security"> security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20algorithm" title=" hybrid algorithm"> hybrid algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=privacy" title=" privacy"> privacy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69919/improving-the-security-of-internet-of-things-using-encryption-algorithms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69919.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">468</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5148</span> An Assessment on Awareness of Public Transport Policies for Persons with Disabilities in Three South-West Nigerian States</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Julius%20A.%20Ademokoya">Julius A. Ademokoya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Grace%20C.%20Ilori"> Grace C. Ilori</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Extreme public transport difficulty for persons with disabilities (PWDs) has always been one of the challenges which these individuals experience on a daily basis in Nigeria. Private and public transport vehicles are not disability- friendly. Operators of public transport are often very intolerant of PWDs' conditions. Indeed, many Nigerians believe it is luxury for PWDs to engage in public transport. They are rarely expected to be seen in public much less going to places via public transport means. Initiatives by a few Nigerian states to develop and implement public transport policies for PWDs, therefore, were a huge relief for them and some concerned Nigerians. A few years ago, three southwest Nigerian states (Lagos, Ondo, and Ekiti) came up with some legislative welfare provisions (including transport programmes) for PWDs. This study, therefore, sought to ascertain levels of awareness and implementation of public policies among the PWDs and those expected to implement the policies. The study adopted a mixed method research. Findings across the three states showed that: (1) awareness of public policies among PWDs is low and (2) a considerable scope of the policies is not yet implemented. Recommendations are, therefore, made on how to improve on awareness and implementation of transport policies for PWDs in three south-west Nigerian states. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=awareness" title="awareness">awareness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disability%20rights" title=" disability rights"> disability rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=implementation%20persons%20with%20disability" title=" implementation persons with disability"> implementation persons with disability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transport%20policies" title=" transport policies"> transport policies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105821/an-assessment-on-awareness-of-public-transport-policies-for-persons-with-disabilities-in-three-south-west-nigerian-states" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105821.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">178</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5147</span> Post-Covid 19 Pandemic Economy: Corporate Governance and Performance of Private Security Firms in Kenya</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sewe%20Silvanus%20Odhiambo">Sewe Silvanus Odhiambo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Globally, many governments have publicly recognized private security firms as essential services providers. The private security firms face a lot of challenges, but the COVID-19 situation also has exacerbated them to another level. This paper locates its relevance in the post-coronavirus era. The COVID-19 pandemic has redefined the world operation, which shows a higher impact on the security field. Accordingly, the purpose of the study was to examine the role of corporate governance on the performance of private security firms in a post-covid pandemic era in Kenya. The study employed a descriptive research design, which included a quantitative approach and secondary data. The study was carried in the month of July 2021 from the registered private security firms. After targeting all private security firms, only 54 firms had disclosed their annual report by the time of conducting the study. The results depicted that pandemic has affected the performance of private security firms measures unfavorably. Further, boards of directors show a positive association with security firm performance. The study recommends that there is need board of directors to enhance management’s risk assessments in the midst of COVID-19; ensure that there are business continuity plans; there is organizational resilience; there is need for the development of new digital strategies; enabling the digital workforce in the firms and have effective communication plans with both internal and external stakeholders to deal with uncertainties and develop more post-COVID practices for boards of directors to improve performance of private security firms in Kenya. The practical implications of the study are that the research outcomes might assist regulatory bodies, investors, policymakers, and the security sector in general in their formulation of public and corporate governance strategies concerning future emergency preparedness and responses. This study also provides a unique contribution to the literature of COVID-19 and security firm performance in emerging economies context. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corporate%20governance" title=" corporate governance"> corporate governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=firm%20performance" title=" firm performance"> firm performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=private%20security%20firms" title=" private security firms"> private security firms</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141047/post-covid-19-pandemic-economy-corporate-governance-and-performance-of-private-security-firms-in-kenya" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141047.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">161</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5146</span> Enhancing Code Security with AI-Powered Vulnerability Detection</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zzibu%20Mark%20Brian">Zzibu Mark Brian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As software systems become increasingly complex, ensuring code security is a growing concern. Traditional vulnerability detection methods often rely on manual code reviews or static analysis tools, which can be time-consuming and prone to errors. This paper presents a distinct approach to enhancing code security by leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) techniques. Our proposed system utilizes a combination of natural language processing (NLP) and deep learning algorithms to identify and classify vulnerabilities in real-world codebases. By analyzing vast amounts of open-source code data, our AI-powered tool learns to recognize patterns and anomalies indicative of security weaknesses. We evaluated our system on a dataset of over 10,000 open-source projects, achieving an accuracy rate of 92% in detecting known vulnerabilities. Furthermore, our tool identified previously unknown vulnerabilities in popular libraries and frameworks, demonstrating its potential for improving software security. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AI" title="AI">AI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20language" title=" machine language"> machine language</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cord%20security" title=" cord security"> cord security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20leaning" title=" machine leaning"> machine leaning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189193/enhancing-code-security-with-ai-powered-vulnerability-detection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189193.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">37</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5145</span> Enabling Exporting in Cameroon Using Export Promotion Programs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Morfaw%20Bernice%20Njinju">Morfaw Bernice Njinju</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The contribution of exporting and small businesses to an economy cannot be overemphasized. However, small firms in developing economies are characterized by resource deficiencies, which hinders their exporting abilities. As a result, export promotion programs are designed by the government as external resources that small firms can access to overcome export barriers and improve their exporting. Nevertheless, doubts still exist as to whether firms are aware of these programs and the extent to which they are utilizing it. To analyse the level of awareness and usage of these programs, the questionnaire was developed from the review of the literature. A pilot study was conducted to determine the ease of completing the questionnaire by respondent before incorporating feedback to produce the final questionnaire. Data were collected from 200 small businesses in Cameroon in the manufacturing and agricultural sector through random sampling and analysed using regression analysis. The results indicated that different programs had different levels of awareness than others. Programs to provide training to improve product quality was found to have the highest level of awareness while those providing findings had low levels of awareness. Despite these different levels of awareness, usage was very low, as firms do not want to open up to government scrutiny of their business. Implications to policy, practice, and direction for further research are also discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=export%20promotion%20programs" title="export promotion programs">export promotion programs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exporting" title=" exporting"> exporting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small%20businesses" title=" small businesses"> small businesses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cameroon" title=" Cameroon"> Cameroon</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107312/enabling-exporting-in-cameroon-using-export-promotion-programs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107312.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">111</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5144</span> Digital Literacy Skills for Geologist in Public Sector</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Angsumalin%20Puntho">Angsumalin Puntho</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Disruptive technology has had a great influence on our everyday lives and the existence of an organization. Geologists in the public sector need to keep up with digital technology and be able to work and collaborate in a more effective manner. The result from SWOT and 7S McKinsey analyses suggest that there are inadequate IT personnel, no individual digital literacy development plan, and a misunderstanding of management policies. The Office of Civil Service Commission develops digital literacy skills that civil servants and government officers should possess in order to work effectively; it consists of nine dimensions, including computer skills, internet skills, cyber security awareness, word processing, spreadsheets, presentation programs, online collaboration, graphics editors and cyber security practices; and six steps of digital literacy development including self-assessment, individual development plan, self-learning, certified test, learning reflection, and practices. Geologists can use digital literacy as a learning tool to develop themselves for better career opportunities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disruptive%20technology" title="disruptive technology">disruptive technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20technology" title=" digital technology"> digital technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20literacy" title=" digital literacy"> digital literacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer%20skills" title=" computer skills"> computer skills</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152172/digital-literacy-skills-for-geologist-in-public-sector" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152172.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">116</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5143</span> Best Practices to Enhance Patient Security and Confidentiality When Using E-Health in South Africa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lethola%20Tshikose">Lethola Tshikose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Munyaradzi%20Katurura"> Munyaradzi Katurura</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Information and Communication Technology (ICT) plays a critical role in improving daily healthcare processes. The South African healthcare organizations have adopted Information Systems to integrate their patient records. This has made it much easier for healthcare organizations because patient information can now be accessible at any time. The primary purpose of this research study was to investigate the best practices that can be applied to enhance patient security and confidentiality when using e-health systems in South Africa. Security and confidentiality are critical in healthcare organizations as they ensure safety in EHRs. The research study used an inductive research approach that included a thorough literature review; therefore, no data was collected. The research paper’s scope included patient data and possible security threats associated with healthcare systems. According to the study, South African healthcare organizations discovered various patient data security and confidentiality issues. The study also revealed that when it comes to handling patient data, health professionals sometimes make mistakes. Some may not be computer literate, which posed issues and caused data to be tempered with. The research paper recommends that healthcare organizations ensure that security measures are adequately supported and promoted by their IT department. This will ensure that adequate resources are distributed to keep patient data secure and confidential. Healthcare organizations must correctly use standards set up by IT specialists to solve patient data security and confidentiality issues. Healthcare organizations must make sure that their organizational structures are adaptable to improve security and confidentiality. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E-health" title="E-health">E-health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EHR" title=" EHR"> EHR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security" title=" security"> security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=confidentiality" title=" confidentiality"> confidentiality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=healthcare" title=" healthcare"> healthcare</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182792/best-practices-to-enhance-patient-security-and-confidentiality-when-using-e-health-in-south-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182792.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">59</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5142</span> An Analysis of Privacy and Security for Internet of Things Applications </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dhananjay%20Singh">Dhananjay Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Abdullah-Al-Wadud"> M. Abdullah-Al-Wadud</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Internet of Things is a concept of a large scale ecosystem of wireless actuators. The actuators are defined as things in the IoT, those which contribute or produces some data to the ecosystem. However, ubiquitous data collection, data security, privacy preserving, large volume data processing, and intelligent analytics are some of the key challenges into the IoT technologies. In order to solve the security requirements, challenges and threats in the IoT, we have discussed a message authentication mechanism for IoT applications. Finally, we have discussed data encryption mechanism for messages authentication before propagating into IoT networks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Internet%20of%20Things%20%28IoT%29" title="Internet of Things (IoT)">Internet of Things (IoT)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=message%20authentication" title=" message authentication"> message authentication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=privacy" title=" privacy"> privacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security" title=" security"> security</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59840/an-analysis-of-privacy-and-security-for-internet-of-things-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59840.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">382</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5141</span> A Review of Security Attacks and Intrusion Detection Schemes in Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maleh%20Yassine">Maleh Yassine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ezzati%20Abdellah"> Ezzati Abdellah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are currently used in different industrial and consumer applications, such as earth monitoring, health related applications, natural disaster prevention, and many other areas. Security is one of the major aspects of wireless sensor networks due to the resource limitations of sensor nodes. However, these networks are facing several threats that affect their functioning and their life. In this paper we present security attacks in wireless sensor networks, and we focus on a review and analysis of the recent Intrusion Detection schemes in WSNs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless%20sensor%20networks" title="wireless sensor networks">wireless sensor networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security%20attack" title=" security attack"> security attack</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=denial%20of%20service" title=" denial of service"> denial of service</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IDS" title=" IDS"> IDS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cluster-based%20model" title=" cluster-based model"> cluster-based model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signature%20based%20IDS" title=" signature based IDS"> signature based IDS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20IDS" title=" hybrid IDS"> hybrid IDS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5249/a-review-of-security-attacks-and-intrusion-detection-schemes-in-wireless-sensor-networks-a-survey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5249.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">385</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5140</span> NFC Communications with Mutual Authentication Based on Limited-Use Session Keys </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chalee%20Thammarat">Chalee Thammarat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mobile phones are equipped with increased short-range communication functionality called Near Field Communication (or NFC for short). NFC needs no pairing between devices but suitable for little amounts of data in a very restricted area. A number of researchers presented authentication techniques for NFC communications, however, they still lack necessary authentication, particularly mutual authentication and security qualifications. This paper suggests a new authentication protocol for NFC communication that gives mutual authentication between devices. The mutual authentication is a one of property, of security that protects replay and man-in-the-middle (MitM) attack. The proposed protocols deploy a limited-use offline session key generation and use of distribution technique to increase security and make our protocol lightweight. There are four sub-protocols: NFCAuthv1 is suitable for identification and access control and NFCAuthv2 is suitable for the NFC-enhanced phone by a POS terminal for digital and physical goods and services. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cryptographic%20protocols" title="cryptographic protocols">cryptographic protocols</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NFC" title=" NFC"> NFC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=near%20field%20communications" title=" near field communications"> near field communications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security%20protocols" title=" security protocols"> security protocols</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mutual%20authentication" title=" mutual authentication"> mutual authentication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=network%20security" title=" network security"> network security</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33236/nfc-communications-with-mutual-authentication-based-on-limited-use-session-keys" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33236.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">430</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5139</span> Prevalence, Awareness and Control of Hypertension among the University of Venda Academic Staff, South Africa </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thizwilondi%20Madzaga">Thizwilondi Madzaga</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jabu%20Tsakani%20Mabunda"> Jabu Tsakani Mabunda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Takalani%20Tshitangano"> Takalani Tshitangano</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hypertension is a global public health problem. In most cases, hypertension individuals are not aware of their condition, and they only detected it accidentally during public awareness programmes. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence, awareness and control of hypertension among University of Venda academic staff. UNIVEN is situated in Thohoyandou, South Africa. A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence, awareness and control of hypertension among University of Venda academic staff. Slovin’s formula was used to randomly select 179 academic staff (male=104 and female=75). WHO stepwise Questionnaire version 23.0 was used to get information on demographic information. Blood pressure was measured twice after five minutes rest using electronic blood pressure monitor. In this study, hypertension referred to self-reported to be on hypertension medication or having blood pressure equal or exceeding 140 over 90 mmHg. Statistical Package of Social Sciences version 23.0 was used to analyse data. Prevalence of hypertension was 20% and 46% prehypertension. Only 34% had a normal blood pressure. About 34% were not sure of their current blood pressure status (within 12 months). About 10% of the total respondents had been previously diagnosed with hypertension and half of them who were hypertensive were not aware that they had it. Among those who were aware that they are hypertensive, about 90% were on treatment whereas 10% had stopped taking treatment. About 13% of those who were on treatment had controlled blood pressure. There is a need for health education programmes to increase hypertension awareness. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=academic%20staff" title="academic staff">academic staff</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=awareness" title=" awareness"> awareness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control" title=" control"> control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hypertension" title=" hypertension"> hypertension</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prevalence" title=" prevalence"> prevalence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64881/prevalence-awareness-and-control-of-hypertension-among-the-university-of-venda-academic-staff-south-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64881.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">337</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5138</span> The Legal Personality of The Security Council </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Helyeh%20Doutaghi">Helyeh Doutaghi </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations. Under the Charter of the United Nations (UN Charter), the UNSC’s primary responsibility is maintaining international peace and security, which it does through establishing and adopting a Security Council resolution. United Nations resolutions are formal expressions of the opinion or will of United Nations organs. However, there have been times when powerful politicians (or governments with great political power) had the first say in situations where the UNSC should have had jurisdiction based on the principle of rule of law, which is the notion that people are governed by the law rather than by officials. This paper will assess the effectiveness of the UNSC by analyzing its actions during the Iran-Iraq war for it has been found that one of the major reasons for the prolongation of the war was a result of the one-sided positions taken by the UNSC and many nations. The UNSC’s success in achieving its primary goal during the war will be discussed, including an examination of the duties and structure of the UNSC by reviewing the articles in the UN Charter; this will include examples of the UNSC’s role in other international disputes as well. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UN%20Security%20Council" title="UN Security Council">UN Security Council</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iran" title=" Iran"> Iran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iraq" title=" Iraq"> Iraq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=charter" title=" charter"> charter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20law" title=" international law "> international law </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16641/the-legal-personality-of-the-security-council" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16641.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">461</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5137</span> Bring Your Own Device Security Model in a Financial Institution of South Africa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Nthabiseng%20Moeti">Michael Nthabiseng Moeti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Makhulu%20Relebogile%20Langa"> Makhulu Relebogile Langa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joey%20Jansen%20van%20Vuuren"> Joey Jansen van Vuuren</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper examines the utilization of personal electronic devices like laptops, tablets, and smartphones for professional duties within a financial organization. This phenomenon is known as bring your own device (BYOD). BYOD accords employees the freedom to use their personal devices to access corporate resources from anywhere in the world with Internet access. BYOD arrangements introduce significant security risks for both organizations and users. These setups change the threat landscape for enterprises and demand unique security strategies, as conventional tools tailored for safeguarding managed devices fall short in adequately protecting enterprise assets without active user cooperation. This paper applies protection motivation theory (PMT) to highlight behavioral risks from BYOD users that may impact the security of financial institutions. Thematic analysis was applied to gain a comprehensive understanding of how users perceive this phenomenon. These findings demonstrates that the existence of a security policy does not ensure that all employees will take measures to protect their personal devices. Active promotion of BYOD security policies is crucial for financial institution employees and management. This paper developed a BYOD security model which is useful for understanding compliant behaviors. Given that BYOD security is becoming a major concern across financial sector, it is important. The paper recommends that future research could expand the number of universities from which data is collected. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BYOD" title="BYOD">BYOD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20security" title=" information security"> information security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protection%20motivation%20theory" title=" protection motivation theory"> protection motivation theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security%20risks" title=" security risks"> security risks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thematic%20analysis" title=" thematic analysis"> thematic analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188326/bring-your-own-device-security-model-in-a-financial-institution-of-south-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188326.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">32</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5136</span> Nutritional Evaluation and the Importance of Traditional Vegetables That Sustain the Indigenous People of Malaysia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rachel%20Thomas%20Tharmabalan">Rachel Thomas Tharmabalan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The growing unease over the matter of food security in the world is the result of a maturing realization that the genetic base of most human caloric intake from plants is dangerously narrow. Malaysia’s tropical rainforests have the potential to contribute to diet diversification and provide a source of nutrient-rich food as the Orang Asli communities in Malaysia have relied almost entirely on the jungle for food, fodder, medicine and fuel antithetical to what is happening today. This segregation of the Orang Asli from traditional lands and resources leads to severe loss of knowledge of biodiversity. In order to preserve these wild edibles, four different types of vegetables that are frequently consumed by the Orang Asli which consists of Rebu, Meranti, Saya and Pama were selected. These vegetables were then analysed to determine its proximate and mineral content to help ascertain claims and reaffirm the impact it can play in ensuring food and nutrition security, in addition to combating chronic diseases. From the results obtained, the Meranti had the highest crude fiber, iron and calcium content. Other minerals such as potassium, magnesium and copper were also found in varying content. These wild edibles could also contribute to education and bring awareness to younger generations as well as urban populations to start consuming more of these in their daily life as it could prevent various chronic diseases in Malaysia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20and%20nutrition%20security" title="food and nutrition security">food and nutrition security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Orang%20Asli" title=" Orang Asli"> Orang Asli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=underutilized%20plants" title=" underutilized plants"> underutilized plants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wild%20edible%20food%20systems" title=" wild edible food systems"> wild edible food systems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93878/nutritional-evaluation-and-the-importance-of-traditional-vegetables-that-sustain-the-indigenous-people-of-malaysia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93878.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">155</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security%20awareness&page=7" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security%20awareness&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security%20awareness&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">...</span></li> 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