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</button> <ul id="toc-Cultivation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cultivars" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cultivars"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Cultivars</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cultivars-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><i>Geranium</i></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 67 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-67" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">67 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geranium" title="Geranium – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Geranium" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D8%B1%D9%86%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A" title="غرنوقي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="غرنوقي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geranium" title="Geranium – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Geranium" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%8Ftir%C5%9Fah" title="Ətirşah – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ətirşah" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Герань – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Герань" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86" title="Здравец – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Здравец" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geranium" title="Geranium – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Geranium" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geranium" title="Geranium – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Geranium" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kakost" title="Kakost – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kakost" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storken%C3%A6b" title="Storkenæb – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Storkenæb" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storchschn%C3%A4bel" title="Storchschnäbel – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Storchschnäbel" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurereha" title="Kurereha – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kurereha" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B9_(%CF%86%CF%85%CF%84%CF%8C)" title="Γεράνι (φυτό) – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γεράνι (φυτό)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Каткалопа – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Каткалопа" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geranium" title="Geranium – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Geranium" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geranio" title="Geranio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Geranio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geranio" title="Geranio – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Geranio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_(%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%87)" title="شمعدانی (سرده) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شمعدانی (سرده)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geranium" title="Geranium – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Geranium" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crobh_fola" title="Crobh fola – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Crobh fola" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geranium" title="Geranium – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Geranium" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A5%90%EC%86%90%EC%9D%B4%ED%92%80%EC%86%8D" title="쥐손이풀속 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="쥐손이풀속" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyskawa" title="Pyskawa – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Pyskawa" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iglica_(biljni_rod)" title="Iglica (biljni rod) – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Iglica (biljni rod)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geranio" title="Geranio – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Geranio" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerenyam" title="Kerenyam – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kerenyam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%C3%A6%D0%BD%C3%A6%D0%BD_(%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B9%C3%A6%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B9)" title="Сургæнæн (зайæгой) – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Сургæнæн (зайæгой)" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bl%C3%A1gresis%C3%A6ttkv%C3%ADsl" title="Blágresisættkvísl – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Blágresisættkvísl" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geranium" title="Geranium – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Geranium" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9F" title="גרניון – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גרניון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D" title="ಜಿರೇನಿಯಮ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಜಿರೇನಿಯಮ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%AC%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="ნემსიწვერა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ნემსიწვერა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D2%9B" title="Қазтамақ – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Қазтамақ" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derz%C3%AElok" title="Derzîlok – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Derzîlok" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geranium" title="Geranium – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Geranium" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gandrenes" title="Gandrenes – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Gandrenes" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snaputis" title="Snaputis – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Snaputis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%B3lyaorr" title="Gólyaorr – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Gólyaorr" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerani%C3%B4ma" title="Jeraniôma – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Jeraniôma" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D8%B1%D9%86%D9%88%D9%82%D9%89" title="غرنوقى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="غرنوقى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ooievaarsbek_(geslacht)" title="Ooievaarsbek (geslacht) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ooievaarsbek (geslacht)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A6%E3%83%AD%E3%82%BD%E3%82%A6%E5%B1%9E" title="フウロソウ属 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フウロソウ属" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geraanien" title="Geraanien – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Geraanien" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storkenebbslekta" title="Storkenebbslekta – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Storkenebbslekta" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storkenebbslekta" title="Storkenebbslekta – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Storkenebbslekta" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geranium_(genre)" title="Geranium (genre) – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Geranium (genre)" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bodziszek" title="Bodziszek – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Bodziszek" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geranium" title="Geranium – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Geranium" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Герань – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Герань" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8B%D2%BB%D1%8B%D1%8B_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D2%BB%D0%B0" title="Сыһыы куохалаһа – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Сыһыы куохалаһа" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/nipaluma-lakun,_lakon" title="nipaluma-lakun, lakon – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="nipaluma-lakun, lakon" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geranium" title="Geranium – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Geranium" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakost" title="Pakost – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Pakost" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iglica" title="Iglica – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Iglica" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurjenpolvet" title="Kurjenpolvet – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kurjenpolvet" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A4vesl%C3%A4ktet" title="Nävesläktet – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Nävesläktet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Яран – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Яран" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turnagagas%C4%B1" title="Turnagagası – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Turnagagası" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Герань – Tuvinian" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Герань" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="Tuvinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%8C_(%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0)" title="Журавець (рослина) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Журавець (рослина)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geran%27" title="Geran' – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Geran'" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chi_M%E1%BB%8F_h%E1%BA%A1c" title="Chi Mỏ hạc – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chi Mỏ hạc" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geranium" title="Geranium – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Geranium" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" 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.hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the botanical genus called <i>Geranium</i>. For the summer bedding "geranium", see <a href="/wiki/Pelargonium" title="Pelargonium">Pelargonium</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Geranium_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Geranium (disambiguation)">Geranium (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Germanium" title="Germanium">germanium</a>.</div> <p><b> </b> </p> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><i>Geranium</i> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Geranium_February_2008-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Geranium_February_2008-1.jpg/220px-Geranium_February_2008-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Geranium_February_2008-1.jpg/330px-Geranium_February_2008-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Geranium_February_2008-1.jpg/440px-Geranium_February_2008-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2288" data-file-height="1818" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%"><i><a href="/wiki/Geranium_dissectum" title="Geranium dissectum">Geranium dissectum</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Geranium" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Plant" title="Plant">Plantae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vascular_plant" title="Vascular plant">Tracheophytes</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Flowering_plant" title="Flowering plant">Angiosperms</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eudicots" title="Eudicots">Eudicots</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rosids" title="Rosids">Rosids</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Geraniales" title="Geraniales">Geraniales</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Family: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Geraniaceae" title="Geraniaceae">Geraniaceae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Genus: </td> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><i>Geranium</i></a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus" title="Carl Linnaeus">L.</a></small> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)">Species </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <p><a href="/wiki/List_of_cranesbill_species" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cranesbill species">See list.</a> </p> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p><i><b>Geranium</b></i> is a <a href="/wiki/Genus" title="Genus">genus</a> of 422 <a href="/wiki/Species" title="Species">species</a> of <a href="/wiki/Annual_plant" title="Annual plant">annual</a>, <a href="/wiki/Biennial_plant" title="Biennial plant">biennial</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Perennial_plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Perennial plant">perennial</a> <a href="/wiki/Plant" title="Plant">plants</a> that are commonly known as <b>geraniums</b> or <b>cranesbills</b>. They are found throughout the <a href="/wiki/Temperateness" class="mw-redirect" title="Temperateness">temperate</a> regions of the world and the mountains of the tropics, with the greatest diversity in the eastern part of the <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_region" class="mw-redirect" title="Mediterranean region">Mediterranean region</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Allaby_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Allaby-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The palmately cleft <a href="/wiki/Leaf" title="Leaf">leaves</a> are broadly circular in form. The flowers have five petals and are coloured white, pink, purple, or blue, often with distinctive veining.<sup id="cite_ref-Allaby_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Allaby-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Geraniums will grow in any soil as long as it is not waterlogged.<sup id="cite_ref-Tibballs_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tibballs-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Plant_propagation" title="Plant propagation">Propagation</a> is by semiripe cuttings in summer, by seed, or by division in autumn or spring.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Geraniums are eaten by the <a href="/wiki/Larva" title="Larva">larvae</a> of some <a href="/wiki/Lepidoptera" title="Lepidoptera">Lepidoptera</a> species including <a href="/wiki/Brown-tail" class="mw-redirect" title="Brown-tail">brown-tail</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ghost_moth" title="Ghost moth">ghost moth</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mouse_moth" title="Mouse moth">mouse moth</a>. At least several species of <i>Geranium</i> are <a href="/wiki/Gynodioecy" title="Gynodioecy">gynodioecious</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The species <i><a href="/wiki/Geranium_viscosissimum" title="Geranium viscosissimum">Geranium viscosissimum</a></i> (sticky geranium) is considered to be <a href="/wiki/Protocarnivorous" class="mw-redirect" title="Protocarnivorous">protocarnivorous</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Spomer_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spomer-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Name">Name</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geranium&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Name"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Floral_diagram_Geranium.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Floral_diagram_Geranium.jpg/220px-Floral_diagram_Geranium.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="230" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Floral_diagram_Geranium.jpg/330px-Floral_diagram_Geranium.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Floral_diagram_Geranium.jpg/440px-Floral_diagram_Geranium.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3104" data-file-height="3240" /></a><figcaption>Floral diagram of a <i>Geranium</i> garden hybrid called ‘Ann Thomson’, showing 5 free sepals, 5 free petals, 10 free fertile stamens, and a superior ovary consisting of 5 merged carpels, with 5 style branches</figcaption></figure> <p>The genus name is derived from <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">Ancient Greek</a> <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">γέρανος</span></span> (<i>géranos</i>) '<a href="/wiki/Crane_(bird)" title="Crane (bird)">crane</a>'. The English name 'cranesbill' derives from the resemblance of the <a href="/wiki/Fruit_capsule" class="mw-redirect" title="Fruit capsule">fruit capsule</a> of some of the species to a crane's head and bill. The <a href="/wiki/Ovary_(botany)" title="Ovary (botany)">ovary</a> portion forms the head and the prolonged <a href="/wiki/Stigma_(botany)" title="Stigma (botany)">stigma</a> creates the appearance of a beak.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-APS_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-APS-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geranium&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The flowers are typically five-petaled and white to purple. The leaves are palmate divided into narrow, pointed segments.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The fruit capsule consists of five cells joined to a column produced from the centre of the flower. The cells form lobes which eventually separate, each containing one seed.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When the fruit is ripe, the beak-like stigma springs open and casts the ovoid, streamlined seeds some distance, dispersing the seeds.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Confusion_with_Pelargonium">Confusion with <i>Pelargonium</i></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geranium&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Confusion with Pelargonium"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Geranium_sanguineum02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Geranium_sanguineum02.jpg/200px-Geranium_sanguineum02.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Geranium_sanguineum02.jpg/300px-Geranium_sanguineum02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Geranium_sanguineum02.jpg/400px-Geranium_sanguineum02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="868" data-file-height="1157" /></a><figcaption>The "bill" and seed dispersal mechanism of <i>G.</i><span class="nowrap"> </span><i>pratense</i></figcaption></figure> <p>Confusingly, "geranium" is also the <a href="/wiki/Common_name" title="Common name">common name</a> of members of the genus <i><a href="/wiki/Pelargonium" title="Pelargonium">Pelargonium</a></i>, which are also in the <a href="/wiki/Family_(biology)" title="Family (biology)">family</a> <a href="/wiki/Geraniaceae" title="Geraniaceae">Geraniaceae</a> and are widely grown as horticultural <a href="/wiki/Bedding_(horticulture)" title="Bedding (horticulture)">bedding</a> plants. <a href="/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus" title="Carl Linnaeus">Linnaeus</a> originally included all the species in one genus, <i>Geranium</i>, but they were later separated into two genera by <a href="/wiki/Charles_L%E2%80%99H%C3%A9ritier" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles L’Héritier">Charles L’Héritier</a> in 1789.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other former members of the genus are now classified in <i><a href="/wiki/Erodium" title="Erodium">Erodium</a></i>, including the plants known as filarees in North America.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The term "hardy geranium" is often applied to horticultural <i>Geranium</i>s to distinguish them from the <i>Pelargonium</i>s, which are not winter-hardy in <a href="/wiki/Temperate_climate" title="Temperate climate">temperate</a> horticulture.<sup id="cite_ref-Parer_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Parer-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, not all <i>Geranium</i> species are winter-hardy (see below).<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The shape of the flowers offers one way of distinguishing between the two genera <i>Geranium</i> and <i>Pelargonium</i>. <i>Geranium</i> flowers have five very similar petals, and are thus radially symmetrical (<a href="/wiki/Actinomorphic" class="mw-redirect" title="Actinomorphic">actinomorphic</a>), whereas <i>Pelargonium</i> (and also <i>Erodium</i>) flowers have two upper petals which are different from the three lower petals, so the flowers have a single plane of symmetry (<a href="/wiki/Zygomorphic" class="mw-redirect" title="Zygomorphic">zygomorphic</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultivation">Cultivation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geranium&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Cultivation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A number of geranium species are cultivated for horticultural use and for pharmaceutical products. Some of the more commonly grown species include: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Geranium_albanum" title="Geranium albanum">Geranium albanum</a></i> (crested cranesbill)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Geranium_cinereum" title="Geranium cinereum">Geranium cinereum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Geranium_clarkei" title="Geranium clarkei">Geranium clarkei</a></i> (Clarke's geranium)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Geranium_dalmaticum" title="Geranium dalmaticum">Geranium dalmaticum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Geranium_endressii" title="Geranium endressii">Geranium endressii</a></i> (Endres's cranesbill)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Geranium_erianthum" title="Geranium erianthum">Geranium erianthum</a></i> (wooly geranium)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Geranium_fremontii" class="mw-redirect" title="Geranium fremontii">Geranium fremontii</a></i> (Fremont's geranium)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Geranium_himalayense" title="Geranium himalayense">Geranium himalayense</a></i>, often sold under <i>Geranium grandiflorum</i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Geranium_ibericum" title="Geranium ibericum">Geranium ibericum</a></i> (Caucasus geranium),</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Geranium_macrorrhizum" title="Geranium macrorrhizum">Geranium macrorrhizum</a></i> (bigroot cranesbill or bigroot geranium)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Geranium_maculatum" title="Geranium maculatum">Geranium maculatum</a></i> (wild geranium)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Geranium_maderense" title="Geranium maderense">Geranium maderense</a></i> (giant herb robert)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Geranium_%C3%97_magnificum" title="Geranium × magnificum">Geranium × magnificum</a></i> (showy geranium)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Geranium_phaeum" title="Geranium phaeum">Geranium phaeum</a></i> (dusky cranesbill)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Geranium_platypetalum" title="Geranium platypetalum">Geranium platypetalum</a></i> (broad-petaled geranium)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Geranium_pratense" title="Geranium pratense">Geranium pratense</a></i> (meadow cranesbill)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Geranium_psilostemon" title="Geranium psilostemon">Geranium psilostemon</a></i> (Armenian cranesbill)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Geranium_renardii" title="Geranium renardii">Geranium renardii</a></i> (Renard geranium)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Geranium_sanguineum" title="Geranium sanguineum">Geranium sanguineum</a></i> (bloody cranesbill)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Geranium_subcaulescens" title="Geranium subcaulescens">Geranium subcaulescens</a></i> (grey cranesbill)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Geranium_sylvaticum" title="Geranium sylvaticum">Geranium sylvaticum</a></i> (wood cranesbill)</li></ul> </div> <p>All the above species are perennials and generally winter-hardy plants, grown for their attractive flowers and foliage. They are long-lived and most have a mounding habit, with palmately lobed foliage. Some species have spreading rhizomes. They are normally grown in part shade to full sun, in well-draining but moisture retentive soils, rich in <a href="/wiki/Humus" title="Humus">humus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Phillips1993_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Phillips1993-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other perennial species grown for their flowers and foliage include: <i><a href="/wiki/Geranium_argenteum" title="Geranium argenteum">Geranium argenteum</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geranium_eriostemon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geranium eriostemon (page does not exist)">G. eriostemon</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geranium_farreri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geranium farreri (page does not exist)">G. farreri</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Geranium_nodosum" title="Geranium nodosum">G. nodosum</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geranium_procurrens&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geranium procurrens (page does not exist)">G. procurrens</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geranium_pylzowianum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geranium pylzowianum (page does not exist)">G. pylzowianum</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Geranium_renardii" title="Geranium renardii">G. renardii</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geranium_traversii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geranium traversii (page does not exist)">G. traversii</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Geranium_tuberosum" title="Geranium tuberosum">G. tuberosum</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geranium_versicolor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geranium versicolor (page does not exist)">G. versicolor</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Geranium_wallichianum" title="Geranium wallichianum">G. wallichianum</a></i>, and <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geranium_wlassovianum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geranium wlassovianum (page does not exist)">G. wlassovianum</a></i>. Some of these are not winter-hardy in cold areas and are grown in specialized gardens like rock gardens.<sup id="cite_ref-Jelitto1990_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jelitto1990-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Geranium</i> 'Johnson's Blue' is a hybrid between <i>G. himalayense</i> (southwestern China), with <i>G. pratense</i> (European meadow cranesbill).<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cultivars">Cultivars</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geranium&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Cultivars"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Geranium_(probably_%27Johnson%27s_Blue%27).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Geranium_%28probably_%27Johnson%27s_Blue%27%29.jpg/220px-Geranium_%28probably_%27Johnson%27s_Blue%27%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Geranium_%28probably_%27Johnson%27s_Blue%27%29.jpg/330px-Geranium_%28probably_%27Johnson%27s_Blue%27%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Geranium_%28probably_%27Johnson%27s_Blue%27%29.jpg/440px-Geranium_%28probably_%27Johnson%27s_Blue%27%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="3368" /></a><figcaption>Close up of a geranium flower (possibly 'Johnson's Blue') </figcaption></figure> <p>The following hybrid <a href="/wiki/Cultivars" class="mw-redirect" title="Cultivars">cultivars</a> have gained the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Horticultural_Society" title="Royal Horticultural Society">Royal Horticultural Society</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Award_of_Garden_Merit" title="Award of Garden Merit">Award of Garden Merit</a> (other cultivars are dealt with under their species name - see above):-<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li>'Ann Folkard'<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>'A. T. Johnson' (<i>G.</i> × <i>oxonianum</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>'Ballerina' <sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>'Blue Cloud'<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Blue Sunrise='Blogold' <small>(<a href="/wiki/Plant_breeders%27_rights" title="Plant breeders' rights">PBR</a>)</small> <sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>'Brookside' <sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>'Danny Boy'<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>'Dilys'<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>'Gypsy' (<i>G.</i> × <i>lindavicum</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>'Ivan' <sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>'Mavis Simpson'<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>'Nimbus' <sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>'Orion'<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Patricia='Brempat'<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Rothbury Gem='Gerfos'<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Rozanne='Gerwat'<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>'Russell Prichard'<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>'Sirak'<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>'Wageningen'<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>'Wargrave Pink' (<i>G.</i> × <i>oxonianum</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geranium&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Geranium_maculatum_-_wild_cranesbill_-_desc-flower_straight_on.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Geranium_maculatum_-_wild_cranesbill_-_desc-flower_straight_on.jpg/115px-Geranium_maculatum_-_wild_cranesbill_-_desc-flower_straight_on.jpg" decoding="async" width="115" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Geranium_maculatum_-_wild_cranesbill_-_desc-flower_straight_on.jpg/172px-Geranium_maculatum_-_wild_cranesbill_-_desc-flower_straight_on.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Geranium_maculatum_-_wild_cranesbill_-_desc-flower_straight_on.jpg/229px-Geranium_maculatum_-_wild_cranesbill_-_desc-flower_straight_on.jpg 2x" data-file-width="934" data-file-height="978" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wild_Geranium_(Geranium_maculatum).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Geranium maculatum"><img alt="Geranium maculatum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Wild_Geranium_%28Geranium_maculatum%29.jpg/120px-Wild_Geranium_%28Geranium_maculatum%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Wild_Geranium_%28Geranium_maculatum%29.jpg/180px-Wild_Geranium_%28Geranium_maculatum%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Wild_Geranium_%28Geranium_maculatum%29.jpg/240px-Wild_Geranium_%28Geranium_maculatum%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3072" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Geranium_maculatum" title="Geranium maculatum">Geranium maculatum</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Illustration_Geranium_phaeum0.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Geranium phaeum - from Thomé Flora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz 1885"><img alt="Geranium phaeum - from Thomé Flora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz 1885" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Illustration_Geranium_phaeum0.jpg/70px-Illustration_Geranium_phaeum0.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Illustration_Geranium_phaeum0.jpg/105px-Illustration_Geranium_phaeum0.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Illustration_Geranium_phaeum0.jpg/140px-Illustration_Geranium_phaeum0.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1427" data-file-height="2444" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Geranium_phaeum" title="Geranium phaeum">Geranium phaeum</a></i> - from Thomé <i>Flora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz</i> 1885</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Geranium_platypetalum1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Geranium platypetalum"><img alt="Geranium platypetalum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Geranium_platypetalum1.jpg/120px-Geranium_platypetalum1.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Geranium_platypetalum1.jpg/180px-Geranium_platypetalum1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Geranium_platypetalum1.jpg/240px-Geranium_platypetalum1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Geranium_platypetalum" title="Geranium platypetalum">Geranium platypetalum</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Geranium_sanguineum0.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Geranium sanguineum"><img alt="Geranium sanguineum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Geranium_sanguineum0.jpg/120px-Geranium_sanguineum0.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Geranium_sanguineum0.jpg/180px-Geranium_sanguineum0.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Geranium_sanguineum0.jpg/240px-Geranium_sanguineum0.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Geranium_sanguineum" title="Geranium sanguineum">Geranium sanguineum</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Geranium_pratense_(Meadow_Cranesbill).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Geranium pratense (meadow cranesbill)"><img alt="Geranium pratense (meadow cranesbill)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Geranium_pratense_%28Meadow_Cranesbill%29.jpg/80px-Geranium_pratense_%28Meadow_Cranesbill%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Geranium_pratense_%28Meadow_Cranesbill%29.jpg/120px-Geranium_pratense_%28Meadow_Cranesbill%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Geranium_pratense_%28Meadow_Cranesbill%29.jpg/160px-Geranium_pratense_%28Meadow_Cranesbill%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="4272" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Geranium_pratense" title="Geranium pratense">Geranium pratense</a></i> (meadow cranesbill)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Geranium-robertianum(Samen).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Geranium robertianum (herb robert)"><img alt="Geranium robertianum (herb robert)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Geranium-robertianum%28Samen%29.jpg/120px-Geranium-robertianum%28Samen%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Geranium-robertianum%28Samen%29.jpg/180px-Geranium-robertianum%28Samen%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Geranium-robertianum%28Samen%29.jpg/240px-Geranium-robertianum%28Samen%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="731" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Geranium_robertianum" title="Geranium robertianum">Geranium robertianum</a></i> (herb robert)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GeraniumMaderense.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Geranium maderense"><img alt="Geranium maderense" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/GeraniumMaderense.jpg/120px-GeraniumMaderense.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/GeraniumMaderense.jpg/180px-GeraniumMaderense.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/GeraniumMaderense.jpg/240px-GeraniumMaderense.jpg 2x" data-file-width="546" data-file-height="538" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Geranium_maderense" title="Geranium maderense">Geranium maderense</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wildgeranium.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Geranium maculatum"><img alt="Geranium maculatum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Wildgeranium.jpg/69px-Wildgeranium.jpg" decoding="async" width="69" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Wildgeranium.jpg/103px-Wildgeranium.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Wildgeranium.jpg/138px-Wildgeranium.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="696" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Geranium_maculatum" title="Geranium maculatum">Geranium maculatum</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Starr_980718-1820_Geranium_arboreum.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Geranium arboreum"><img alt="Geranium arboreum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Starr_980718-1820_Geranium_arboreum.jpg/120px-Starr_980718-1820_Geranium_arboreum.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Starr_980718-1820_Geranium_arboreum.jpg/180px-Starr_980718-1820_Geranium_arboreum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Starr_980718-1820_Geranium_arboreum.jpg/240px-Starr_980718-1820_Geranium_arboreum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Geranium_arboreum" title="Geranium arboreum">Geranium arboreum</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P%C5%82atek_bodziszka.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Geranium petal under the microscope"><img alt="Geranium petal under the microscope" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/P%C5%82atek_bodziszka.jpg/120px-P%C5%82atek_bodziszka.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/P%C5%82atek_bodziszka.jpg/180px-P%C5%82atek_bodziszka.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/P%C5%82atek_bodziszka.jpg/240px-P%C5%82atek_bodziszka.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5000" data-file-height="3337" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Geranium petal under the microscope</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Geranium_(probably_%27Johnson%27s_Blue%27).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Geranium (possibly 'Johnson's Blue')"><img alt="Geranium (possibly 'Johnson's Blue')" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Geranium_%28probably_%27Johnson%27s_Blue%27%29.jpg/120px-Geranium_%28probably_%27Johnson%27s_Blue%27%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Geranium_%28probably_%27Johnson%27s_Blue%27%29.jpg/180px-Geranium_%28probably_%27Johnson%27s_Blue%27%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Geranium_%28probably_%27Johnson%27s_Blue%27%29.jpg/240px-Geranium_%28probably_%27Johnson%27s_Blue%27%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="3368" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Geranium (possibly 'Johnson's Blue')</i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%92%D7%96%D7%95%D7%A8.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Geranium dissectum"><img alt="Geranium dissectum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%92%D7%96%D7%95%D7%A8.jpg/120px-%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%92%D7%96%D7%95%D7%A8.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%92%D7%96%D7%95%D7%A8.jpg/180px-%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%92%D7%96%D7%95%D7%A8.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%92%D7%96%D7%95%D7%A8.jpg/240px-%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%92%D7%96%D7%95%D7%A8.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="375" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Geranium_dissectum" title="Geranium dissectum">Geranium dissectum</a></i></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geranium&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Geranium_species" title="List of Geranium species">List of <i>Geranium</i> species</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geranium&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Allaby-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Allaby_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Allaby_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAllaby2015" class="citation book cs1">Allaby, Michael (26 August 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LrrDCQAAQBAJ&dq=Geranium+is+a+genus+of+422+species&pg=PA225"><i>The Dictionary of Science for Gardeners: 6000 Scientific Terms Explored and Explained</i></a>. Timber Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-60469-483-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-60469-483-3"><bdi>978-1-60469-483-3</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Dictionary+of+Science+for+Gardeners%3A+6000+Scientific+Terms+Explored+and+Explained&rft.pub=Timber+Press&rft.date=2015-08-26&rft.isbn=978-1-60469-483-3&rft.aulast=Allaby&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLrrDCQAAQBAJ%26dq%3DGeranium%2Bis%2Ba%2Bgenus%2Bof%2B422%2Bspecies%26pg%3DPA225&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeranium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tibballs-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Tibballs_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTibballs2017" class="citation book cs1">Tibballs, Geoff (2017-03-09). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nWK7DAAAQBAJ&dq=Geraniums+will+grow+in+any+soil+as+long+as+it+is+not+waterlogged&pg=PT31"><i>100 Plants That Won't Die in Your Garden</i></a>. Little, Brown Book Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4721-3800-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4721-3800-2"><bdi>978-1-4721-3800-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=100+Plants+That+Won%27t+Die+in+Your+Garden&rft.pub=Little%2C+Brown+Book+Group&rft.date=2017-03-09&rft.isbn=978-1-4721-3800-2&rft.aulast=Tibballs&rft.aufirst=Geoff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnWK7DAAAQBAJ%26dq%3DGeraniums%2Bwill%2Bgrow%2Bin%2Bany%2Bsoil%2Bas%2Blong%2Bas%2Bit%2Bis%2Bnot%2Bwaterlogged%26pg%3DPT31&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeranium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrickell2011" class="citation book cs1">Brickell, Christopher (2011-08-15). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=d-BgPoWCQowC&dq=Geraniums+propagation+semiripe+cuttings+in+summer&pg=PA584"><i>American Horticultural Society Encyclopedia of Plants and Flowers</i></a>. Penguin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7566-7508-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7566-7508-0"><bdi>978-0-7566-7508-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+Horticultural+Society+Encyclopedia+of+Plants+and+Flowers&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=2011-08-15&rft.isbn=978-0-7566-7508-0&rft.aulast=Brickell&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dd-BgPoWCQowC%26dq%3DGeraniums%2Bpropagation%2Bsemiripe%2Bcuttings%2Bin%2Bsummer%26pg%3DPA584&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeranium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hessing, M.B. 1989. <i>Variation in self-fertility and floral characters of</i> Geranium caespitosum <i>(Geraniaceae) along an elevational gradient</i>. Plant Systematics and Evolution 166:225-241.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Van Etten and Chang 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4649693/"><i>Frequency-dependent pollinator discrimination acts against female plants in the gynodioecious</i> Geranium maculatum</a> Annals of Botany 114:1769–1778</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElzingaVarga2017" class="citation journal cs1">Elzinga, Jelmer A.; Varga, Sandra (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jyx.jyu.fi/bitstream/123456789/52505/1/elzingavarga1s2.0s0367253016301694main.pdf">"Prolonged stigma and flower lifespan in females of the gynodioecious plant Geranium sylvaticum"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Flora</i>. <b>226</b>: 72–81. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017FMDFE.226...72E">2017FMDFE.226...72E</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.flora.2016.11.007">10.1016/j.flora.2016.11.007</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:85558947">85558947</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Flora&rft.atitle=Prolonged+stigma+and+flower+lifespan+in+females+of+the+gynodioecious+plant+Geranium+sylvaticum&rft.volume=226&rft.pages=72-81&rft.date=2017&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A85558947%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.flora.2016.11.007&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2017FMDFE.226...72E&rft.aulast=Elzinga&rft.aufirst=Jelmer+A.&rft.au=Varga%2C+Sandra&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjyx.jyu.fi%2Fbitstream%2F123456789%2F52505%2F1%2Felzingavarga1s2.0s0367253016301694main.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeranium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Spomer-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Spomer_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpomer1999" class="citation journal cs1">Spomer, George G. (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/314109">"Evidence of Protocarnivorous Capabilities in Geranium viscosissimum and Potentilla arguta and Other Sticky Plants"</a>. <i>International Journal of Plant Sciences</i>. <b>160</b> (1): 98–101. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F314109">10.1086/314109</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1058-5893">1058-5893</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Plant+Sciences&rft.atitle=Evidence+of+Protocarnivorous+Capabilities+in+Geranium+viscosissimum+and+Potentilla+arguta+and+Other+Sticky+Plants&rft.volume=160&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=98-101&rft.date=1999&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F314109&rft.issn=1058-5893&rft.aulast=Spomer&rft.aufirst=George+G.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.uchicago.edu%2Fdoi%2F10.1086%2F314109&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeranium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTaylor1994" class="citation book cs1">Taylor, Ronald J. (1994) [1992]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/25708726"><i>Sagebrush Country: A Wildflower Sanctuary</i></a> (rev. ed.). Missoula, MT: Mountain Press Pub. Co. p. 62. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87842-280-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-87842-280-3"><bdi>0-87842-280-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/25708726">25708726</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sagebrush+Country%3A+A+Wildflower+Sanctuary&rft.place=Missoula%2C+MT&rft.pages=62&rft.edition=rev.&rft.pub=Mountain+Press+Pub.+Co&rft.date=1994&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F25708726&rft.isbn=0-87842-280-3&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=Ronald+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F25708726&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeranium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-APS-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-APS_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://resources.austplants.com.au/plant/geranium-homeanumrainforest-cranes-bill/">"Geranium homeanum"</a>. <i>Australian Plants Society</i>. 17 January 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Australian+Plants+Society&rft.atitle=Geranium+homeanum&rft.date=2024-01-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fresources.austplants.com.au%2Fplant%2Fgeranium-homeanumrainforest-cranes-bill%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeranium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStampLucas1983" class="citation journal cs1">Stamp, Nancy E.; Lucas, Jeffrey R. (1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/4217097">"Ecological Correlates of Explosive Seed Dispersal"</a>. <i>Oecologia</i>. <b>59</b> (2/3): 272–278. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1983Oecol..59..272S">1983Oecol..59..272S</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2FBF00378848">10.1007/BF00378848</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0029-8549">0029-8549</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/4217097">4217097</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28310244">28310244</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oecologia&rft.atitle=Ecological+Correlates+of+Explosive+Seed+Dispersal&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=2%2F3&rft.pages=272-278&rft.date=1983&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F4217097%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1983Oecol..59..272S&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F28310244&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2FBF00378848&rft.issn=0029-8549&rft.aulast=Stamp&rft.aufirst=Nancy+E.&rft.au=Lucas%2C+Jeffrey+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F4217097&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeranium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLis-Balchin2002" class="citation book cs1">Lis-Balchin, Maria (2002-10-03). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-bR8GxQ6BU0C&dq=geranium+genus,+Geranium,+but+they+were+later+separated+into+two+genera+by+Charles+L%E2%80%99H%C3%A9ritier+in+1789+pelargonium&pg=PA52"><i>Geranium and Pelargonium: History of Nomenclature, Usage and Cultivation</i></a>. CRC Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-203-21653-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-203-21653-8"><bdi>978-0-203-21653-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Geranium+and+Pelargonium%3A+History+of+Nomenclature%2C+Usage+and+Cultivation&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft.date=2002-10-03&rft.isbn=978-0-203-21653-8&rft.aulast=Lis-Balchin&rft.aufirst=Maria&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-bR8GxQ6BU0C%26dq%3Dgeranium%2Bgenus%2C%2BGeranium%2C%2Bbut%2Bthey%2Bwere%2Blater%2Bseparated%2Binto%2Btwo%2Bgenera%2Bby%2BCharles%2BL%25E2%2580%2599H%25C3%25A9ritier%2Bin%2B1789%2Bpelargonium%26pg%3DPA52&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeranium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArmitage2008" class="citation book cs1">Armitage, Allan M. (2008-05-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kA6VgfxsstIC&dq=geranium+genus+Erodium,+including+the+plants+known+as+filarees&pg=PA391"><i>Herbaceous Perennial Plants: A Treatise on their Identification, Culture, and Garden Attributes</i></a>. Quarto Publishing Group USA. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-61058-380-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-61058-380-0"><bdi>978-1-61058-380-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Herbaceous+Perennial+Plants%3A+A+Treatise+on+their+Identification%2C+Culture%2C+and+Garden+Attributes&rft.pub=Quarto+Publishing+Group+USA&rft.date=2008-05-01&rft.isbn=978-1-61058-380-0&rft.aulast=Armitage&rft.aufirst=Allan+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkA6VgfxsstIC%26dq%3Dgeranium%2Bgenus%2BErodium%2C%2Bincluding%2Bthe%2Bplants%2Bknown%2Bas%2Bfilarees%26pg%3DPA391&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeranium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Parer-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Parer_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParer2016" class="citation book cs1">Parer, Robin (20 April 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=e0uLCwAAQBAJ&q=not+all+%27%27Geranium%27%27+species+are+winter-hardy"><i>The Plant Lover's Guide to Hardy Geraniums</i></a>. Timber Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-60469-418-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-60469-418-5"><bdi>978-1-60469-418-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Plant+Lover%27s+Guide+to+Hardy+Geraniums&rft.pub=Timber+Press&rft.date=2016-04-20&rft.isbn=978-1-60469-418-5&rft.aulast=Parer&rft.aufirst=Robin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3De0uLCwAAQBAJ%26q%3Dnot%2Ball%2B%2527%2527Geranium%2527%2527%2Bspecies%2Bare%2Bwinter-hardy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeranium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://laidbackgardener.blog/geranium-or-pelargonium-lets-stop-the-confusion/">"Geranium or Pelargonium? Let's Stop the Confusion"</a>. <i>Laidback Gardener</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-04-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Laidback+Gardener&rft.atitle=Geranium+or+Pelargonium%3F+Let%27s+Stop+the+Confusion&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flaidbackgardener.blog%2Fgeranium-or-pelargonium-lets-stop-the-confusion%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeranium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://geraniumpage.com/sun-and-temperature">"Geranium Climate: Sun and Temperature"</a>. <i>geraniumpage.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=geraniumpage.com&rft.atitle=Geranium+Climate%3A+Sun+and+Temperature&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgeraniumpage.com%2Fsun-and-temperature&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeranium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChris2015" class="citation web cs1">Chris (2015-11-28). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.phillipskop.co.za/flora/pelargonium-incarnatum">"Pelargonium incarnatum - Is it a Geranium? No it's a Pelargonium"</a>. <i>Phillipskop Mountain Reserve</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-04-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Phillipskop+Mountain+Reserve&rft.atitle=Pelargonium+incarnatum+-+Is+it+a+Geranium%3F+No+it%27s+a+Pelargonium&rft.date=2015-11-28&rft.au=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.phillipskop.co.za%2Fflora%2Fpelargonium-incarnatum&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeranium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.santacruzsentinel.com/2022/11/24/tom-karwin-on-gardening-visiting-the-geranium-family/">"Tom Karwin, On Gardening | Visiting the Geranium family"</a>. <i>Santa Cruz Sentinel</i>. 2022-11-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-04-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Santa+Cruz+Sentinel&rft.atitle=Tom+Karwin%2C+On+Gardening+%7C+Visiting+the+Geranium+family&rft.date=2022-11-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.santacruzsentinel.com%2F2022%2F11%2F24%2Ftom-karwin-on-gardening-visiting-the-geranium-family%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeranium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Phillips1993-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Phillips1993_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhillipsColston_Burrell1993" class="citation cs2">Phillips, Ellen; Colston Burrell, C. (1993), <i>Rodale's illustrated encyclopedia of perennials</i>, Emmaus, Pa.: Rodale Press, pp. 373–76, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87596-570-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87596-570-3"><bdi>978-0-87596-570-3</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rodale%27s+illustrated+encyclopedia+of+perennials&rft.place=Emmaus%2C+Pa.&rft.pages=373-76&rft.pub=Rodale+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0-87596-570-3&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=Ellen&rft.au=Colston+Burrell%2C+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeranium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jelitto1990-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jelitto1990_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJelittoSchachtEppBaumgardt_(ed._and_transl.)1990" class="citation cs2">Jelitto, Leo; Schacht, Wilhelm; Epp, Michael E.; Baumgardt (ed. and transl.), John Philip (1990), <i>Hardy herbaceous perennials</i>, vol. 1, Portland, OR: Timber Press, pp. 260–64, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-88192-159-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-88192-159-5"><bdi>978-0-88192-159-5</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hardy+herbaceous+perennials&rft.place=Portland%2C+OR&rft.pages=260-64&rft.pub=Timber+Press&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=978-0-88192-159-5&rft.aulast=Jelitto&rft.aufirst=Leo&rft.au=Schacht%2C+Wilhelm&rft.au=Epp%2C+Michael+E.&rft.au=Baumgardt+%28ed.+and+transl.%29%2C+John+Philip&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeranium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.paghat.com/cranesbilljohnsons.html">"Paghat's Garden"</a>. Paghat.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-09-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Paghat%27s+Garden&rft.pub=Paghat.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.paghat.com%2Fcranesbilljohnsons.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeranium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/pdfs/agm-lists/agm-ornamentals.pdf">"AGM Plants - Ornamental"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Royal Horticultural Society. July 2017. p. 39<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=AGM+Plants+-+Ornamental&rft.pages=39&rft.pub=Royal+Horticultural+Society&rft.date=2017-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rhs.org.uk%2Fplants%2Fpdfs%2Fagm-lists%2Fagm-ornamentals.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeranium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/23531/Geranium-Ann-Folkard/Details">"RHS Plant Selector Geranium 'Ann Folkard' AGM / RHS Gardening"</a>. Apps.rhs.org.uk<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RHS+Plant+Selector+Geranium+%27Ann+Folkard%27+AGM+%2F+RHS+Gardening&rft.pub=Apps.rhs.org.uk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rhs.org.uk%2FPlants%2F23531%2FGeranium-Ann-Folkard%2FDetails&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeranium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/58284/Geranium-x-oxonianum-A-T-Johnson/Details">"RHS Plant Selector Geranium × oxonianum 'A.T. Johnson' AGM / RHS Gardening"</a>. Apps.rhs.org.uk<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RHS+Plant+Selector+Geranium+%C3%97+oxonianum+%27A.T.+Johnson%27+AGM+%2F+RHS+Gardening&rft.pub=Apps.rhs.org.uk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rhs.org.uk%2FPlants%2F58284%2FGeranium-x-oxonianum-A-T-Johnson%2FDetails&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeranium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/194563/Geranium-(Cinereum-Group)-Ballerina/Details">"<i>Geranium</i> (Cinereum Group) 'Ballerina'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. RHS<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RHS+Plantfinder+-+Geranium+%27Blue+Cloud%27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rhs.org.uk%2FPlants%2F49149%2Fi-Geranium-i-Blue-Cloud%2FDetails&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeranium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/241922/Geranium-Blue-Sunrise-Blogold-(PBR)/Details">"<i>Geranium</i> Blue Sunrise='Blogold' (PBR)"</a>. RHS<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Geranium+Blue+Sunrise%3D%27Blogold%27+%28PBR%29&rft.pub=RHS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rhs.org.uk%2FPlants%2F241922%2FGeranium-Blue-Sunrise-Blogold-%28PBR%29%2FDetails&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeranium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/80929/Geranium-Brookside/Details">"<i>Geranium</i> 'Brookside'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. RHS<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Geranium+%27Brookside%27&rft.pub=RHS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rhs.org.uk%2FPlants%2F80929%2FGeranium-Brookside%2FDetails&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeranium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/234183/i-Geranium-i-Danny-Boy/Details">"RHS Plantfinder - <i>Geranium</i> 'Danny Boy'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RHS+Plantfinder+-+Geranium+%27Danny+Boy%27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rhs.org.uk%2FPlants%2F234183%2Fi-Geranium-i-Danny-Boy%2FDetails&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeranium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/79820/Geranium-Dilys/Details">"RHS Plant Selector Geranium 'Dilys' AGM / RHS Gardening"</a>. Apps.rhs.org.uk<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-09-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RHS+Plant+Selector+Geranium+%27Dilys%27+AGM+%2F+RHS+Gardening&rft.pub=Apps.rhs.org.uk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rhs.org.uk%2FPlants%2F79820%2FGeranium-Dilys%2FDetails&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeranium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/195407/Geranium-x-lindavicum-Gypsy/Details">"RHS Plantfinder - <i>G.</i> × <i>lindavicum</i> 'Gypsy'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RHS+Plantfinder+-+G.+%C3%97+lindavicum+%27Gypsy%27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rhs.org.uk%2FPlants%2F195407%2FGeranium-x-lindavicum-Gypsy%2FDetails&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeranium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/77627/Geranium-Ivan/Details">"<i>Geranium</i> 'Ivan'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. RHS<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Geranium+%27Ivan%27&rft.pub=RHS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rhs.org.uk%2FPlants%2F77627%2FGeranium-Ivan%2FDetails&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeranium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/33527/Geranium-Mavis-Simpson/Details">"RHS Plant Selector Geranium 'Mavis Simpson' AGM / RHS Gardening"</a>. Apps.rhs.org.uk<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-09-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RHS+Plant+Selector+Geranium+%27Mavis+Simpson%27+AGM+%2F+RHS+Gardening&rft.pub=Apps.rhs.org.uk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rhs.org.uk%2FPlants%2F33527%2FGeranium-Mavis-Simpson%2FDetails&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeranium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/97417/Geranium-Nimbus/Details">"<i>Geranium</i> 'Nimbus'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. RHS<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Geranium+%27Nimbus%27&rft.pub=RHS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rhs.org.uk%2FPlants%2F97417%2FGeranium-Nimbus%2FDetails&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeranium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/137507/Geranium-Orion/Details">"RHS Plant Selector Geranium 'Orion' AGM / RHS Gardening"</a>. Apps.rhs.org.uk<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-09-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RHS+Plant+Selector+Geranium+%27Orion%27+AGM+%2F+RHS+Gardening&rft.pub=Apps.rhs.org.uk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rhs.org.uk%2FPlants%2F137507%2FGeranium-Orion%2FDetails&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeranium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/247299/i-Geranium-i-Font-Face-times-New-Roman-Patricia-FONT-Brempat/Details">"RHS Plantfinder - <i>Geranium</i> Pattricia = 'Brempat'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RHS+Plantfinder+-+Geranium+Pattricia+%3D+%27Brempat%27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rhs.org.uk%2FPlants%2F247299%2Fi-Geranium-i-Font-Face-times-New-Roman-Patricia-FONT-Brempat%2FDetails&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeranium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/262700/Geranium-(Cinereum-Group)-Rothbury-Gem-Gerfos-(PBR)/Details">"<i>Geranium</i> Rothbury Gem = 'Gerfos'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. RHS<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Geranium+Rothbury+Gem+%3D+%27Gerfos%27&rft.pub=RHS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rhs.org.uk%2FPlants%2F262700%2FGeranium-%28Cinereum-Group%29-Rothbury-Gem-Gerfos-%28PBR%29%2FDetails&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeranium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/153768/Geranium-Rozanne-Gerwat-(PBR)/Details">"RHS Plant Selector Geranium ROZANNE= 'Gerwat' PBR AGM / RHS Gardening"</a>. Apps.rhs.org.uk<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RHS+Plant+Selector+Geranium+ROZANNE%3D+%27Gerwat%27+PBR+AGM+%2F+RHS+Gardening&rft.pub=Apps.rhs.org.uk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rhs.org.uk%2FPlants%2F153768%2FGeranium-Rozanne-Gerwat-%28PBR%29%2FDetails&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeranium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/91085/i-Geranium-i-×-i-riversleaianum-i-Russell-Prichard/Details">"RHS Plantfinder - <i>Geranium</i> × <i>riversleainum</i> 'Russell Prichard'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RHS+Plantfinder+-+Geranium+%C3%97+riversleainum+%27Russell+Prichard%27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rhs.org.uk%2FPlants%2F91085%2Fi-Geranium-i-%C3%97-i-riversleaianum-i-Russell-Prichard%2FDetails&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeranium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/108524/Geranium-Sirak/Details">"<i>Geranium</i> 'Sirak'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. RHS<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Geranium+%27Sirak%27&rft.pub=RHS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rhs.org.uk%2FPlants%2F108524%2FGeranium-Sirak%2FDetails&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeranium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/55128/Geranium-x-oxonianum-Wageningen/Details">"<i>Geranium</i> × <i>oxonianum</i> 'Wageningen'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. RHS<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Geranium+%C3%97+oxonianum+%27Wageningen%27&rft.pub=RHS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rhs.org.uk%2FPlants%2F55128%2FGeranium-x-oxonianum-Wageningen%2FDetails&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeranium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/91252/Geranium-x-oxonianum-Wargrave-Pink/Details">"RHS Plant Selector Results / RHS Gardening"</a>. Apps.rhs.org.uk<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RHS+Plant+Selector+Results+%2F+RHS+Gardening&rft.pub=Apps.rhs.org.uk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rhs.org.uk%2FPlants%2F91252%2FGeranium-x-oxonianum-Wargrave-Pink%2FDetails&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeranium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geranium&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAedoGarmendia1996" class="citation journal cs1">Aedo, Carlos; Garmendia, Felix Munoz (February 1996). "Some Notes on the Sectional Nomenclature of Geranium (Geraniaceae)". <i><a href="/wiki/Taxon_(journal)" title="Taxon (journal)">Taxon</a></i>. <b>45</b> (1): 104. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1222593">10.2307/1222593</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1222593">1222593</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Taxon&rft.atitle=Some+Notes+on+the+Sectional+Nomenclature+of+Geranium+%28Geraniaceae%29&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=104&rft.date=1996-02&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F1222593&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1222593%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Aedo&rft.aufirst=Carlos&rft.au=Garmendia%2C+Felix+Munoz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeranium" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060409080903/http://www.rjb.csic.es/Geranium/publication/geranium_n_america_perennials.pdf">Genus <i>Geranium</i> in North America: the Perennials</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geranium&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Geranium" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Geranium">Geranium</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=29104">ITIS list of Geranium species</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.geranium.es/">Geranium Taxonomic Information System</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gardenbuildingsdirect.co.uk/blog/how-to-prepare-your-plants-to-survive-winter/">Preparing Geraniums for Winter</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Geranium</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q157211" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q157211">Q157211</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Geranium" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Geranium">Geranium</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">APDB: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://africanplantdatabase.ch/en/nomen/190942">190942</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Plant_Name_Index" title="Australian Plant Name Index">APNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.biodiversity.org.au/name/apni/79560">79560</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/4N5F">4N5F</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/State_Herbarium_of_South_Australia" title="State Herbarium of South Australia">eFloraSA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/cgi-bin/speciesfacts_display.cgi?form=speciesfacts&name=Geranium%20fanciulo">Geranium fanciulo</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/14470">14470</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/EPPO_Code" title="EPPO Code">EPPO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/1GERG">1GERG</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/FloraBase" title="FloraBase">FloraBase</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/browse/profile/22439">22439</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_North_America" title="Flora of North America">FNA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=113475">113475</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_China_(series)" title="Flora of China (series)">FoC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=113475">113475</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">FoIO: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://flora.org.il/en/plants/systematics/geranium">geranium</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/2889949">2889949</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Germplasm_Resources_Information_Network" title="Germplasm Resources Information Network">GRIN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomygenus.aspx?id=4924">4924</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/47701">47701</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/International_Plant_Names_Index" title="International Plant Names Index">IPNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ipni.org/n/327764-2">327764-2</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1072922">1072922</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=29104">29104</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Biodiversity_Network" title="National Biodiversity Network">NBN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.nbn.org.uk/Taxa/NHMSYS0000459031">NHMSYS0000459031</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=4028">4028</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">NZOR: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nzor.org.nz/names/c2f7821a-349d-417a-8f16-03cf3ff60b4d">c2f7821a-349d-417a-8f16-03cf3ff60b4d</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=948948">948948</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Natural_Resources_Conservation_Service#Plants" title="Natural Resources Conservation Service">PLANTS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plants.sc.egov.usda.gov/plant-profile/GERAN">GERAN</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online">POWO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn%3Alsid%3Aipni.org%3Anames%3A327764-2">urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:327764-2</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Tropicos" title="Tropicos">Tropicos</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://legacy.tropicos.org/Name/40013761">40013761</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">VASCAN: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.canadensys.net/vascan/taxon/1203">1203</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Herbarium_of_Victoria" title="National Herbarium of Victoria">VicFlora</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/flora/taxon/c3464a9c-82b3-4c1d-a466-66e39d70fc6a">c3464a9c-82b3-4c1d-a466-66e39d70fc6a</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Flora_Online" title="World Flora Online">WFO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://list.worldfloraonline.org/wfo-4000015557">wfo-4000015557</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q157211#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4183424-0">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Geraniums"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85054281">United States</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007565442205171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geranium&oldid=1233041107">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geranium&oldid=1233041107</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: 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