CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '913665ae8c9bfce3',cH: 'gmZDOGQajyFtR335TKn7mL6htAqM.sJlJ6_AF35gUq8-1739801807-1.2.1.1-Qdxmk7dEhUv0H5IbR8qy96T0hF18SEEaLVdxFokOCYJZFR78TrrQyjOFi9afEGqU',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/60586\/the-concepts-of-urban-sustainable-development-and-smart-cities-in-the-understanding-of-academia-and-the-european-union?__cf_chl_tk=uM_kE_4A.YVGiHGvMEWkVtTfo0VE1sRQXtbm3NhurQo-1739801807-1.0.1.1-5asDSW2aBVyx9UEHBJvDeqSar1ptrNaMyVv5tgSSDHM",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739801807',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/60586\/the-concepts-of-urban-sustainable-development-and-smart-cities-in-the-understanding-of-academia-and-the-european-union?__cf_chl_f_tk=uM_kE_4A.YVGiHGvMEWkVtTfo0VE1sRQXtbm3NhurQo-1739801807-1.0.1.1-5asDSW2aBVyx9UEHBJvDeqSar1ptrNaMyVv5tgSSDHM",md: "bIN8JvAYJ9rIP0Udq5EHXsrqYwAQv.n7NZuYqQeGGuY-1739801807-1.2.1.1-GCSjP_Szdv.eKmfNRs3gTk8B9fUSkevQunYAzVuYSG6IJ_6X4mQTT9.hodX451IXynb_wrlf2AC02sXqlktgW5dBDuYB7T90Ec0UttK4S22d.bG3dRiGd4W8fwGD_lF5JNwnjh2yTxn.sbTNxZqVGvIEqYAeU1nZrJdR4_FQepucmRlrmZLby_ijKddgQLO1Jk630IYA3zrwF2o8O0.6lMK2AiW8nuYBjeJfLdLZM6ffUunMC61.xjLS2BNO3Tl_SIBku7ZxnknhalqQLHE1Pu9VhPDGMWfiNFPXP87cG1Y1aWVk39IO_x4pD_7eVlQbz5jHfEeJVuoxSzMrrROjqkZZorIHUY6Oe6L5hE98wwOadEqGfYgRRNVWk514kmsVaNQ2sU0HBxH9mwhXqv7A0cB99YYg7lKDlMvSvIqMcmvvQ3Zr77pzw1W75tZ5v7.T07rEb4m2tjCmgpNCep1CAtl4toFJ49WUqHHE90mIPi7jT38sJGcBQDiSrFm.xZDOnMMZnchMBP_W05kqkz0xUIBaGDsTEUPojLila5XunH8SJYF8THxDfH8qd7wCgZOypDh72esdx46KSGpdZ31uCL2uxvYSMdQShBOt2A9ccGQbyrmKOGALvLaFCb7xyh1.ezW0PSuS1Iag_2bb4iUcAo3uYqZqvbeurVzutYgFM_0XdqZ2VOI6OKjCTNZpSuSfQ0JFz6J.qI2j0DTeUd8PkmsXyTogyH84qP0k0CbOuzVfud4sGnPMzKx5KlbVQSfTt4KxZvy31quAyaVRdB2g9wGXQmY30c7khHZVtZSr7.2LJKevXrVpTMsB744hwTvzwW02ajlmkBvLKAlyA5m5N.MOf7JfqUnqGfcT0EKed2MxAWthdUHeoPdg7B6b7sHAugOwHJM6PXSjMUjb46aJTlgcuxNUzYHE450WNLmbl55b0xD3WNmYeVM0Mw3bNojkwyxqO55QSOWEoackRiMrX_bbWZNfxB2UigkwKgS.EOWNDbpJCaiLRP6ypC_rYV0bR8Rb1HkPf0hTYd8MbZFTmHxlfV0fvFxqkZtFhdQy3uUUwFbOLM..B.yzgjTdfXk3xnKRvBCwlCS7onXR.R_kInR7nuH1R6usDJFBtTctNIqDiRR.2EShM1A6kBvIQ..QjyniblXxmx.DAUCoxKds9Ya.Icj7xyyJ5kcGG1COMJAC4p3wDYD.HlgqKuz7F2sXOekMzxaZ55QrMlktkABFjJibqCZmef51yptO2fRt0_lRTWJorruiyrUZkzeHsB26KaoniogqVn6MFetOmph.DBzCuv6o7CM8t0JM2qOOKHUB01iM.oH95E_TZ6Pm2C54yMfu6PhhC2UjZMW2foEgcej5nFacISmBydOQ9v8aZSF1oJDD.17qKIvNUMae0OIne1mbISUpA_.wnoYDjYv90y6j.9UFzeJkcQdmen1eOaJqiCASnOzwTbWSrtsXZ4TDAHJd3.esBItZNXw6Ph6HzkQ1So2Dj7ikvhBnU1.JV01UMZF80bmFbwOjdA6DKTGeCeJ05Fc8PZc3oSRMzgA8JJq59V0IlnGJW0MC_02Z060ItwPq7w4iJTSNfmFmV6Wfshe1LS2D7sSEBSagtI2ZiT9_psGpZcjMDiLLbJ7Vhggl8VYbtPmbxB_NDCq.sCaXhsrgkppt5Hou7u6.BWfueb3P.coLBPzYLIiKY_heAiTC1CLKex1FuNmwzoB_D5JYmqjj1Kp1lRJMesW_2zGBLZLQEOKHZ1mPNH9cqrwWIGyt1pSN0EMILdXiewhzfbWEJT4L1fzQ9OxuGi75CUAicyYJRYzHKDvBxX_9fsuIb4_UxawGTsBTiuFDhEyK0WINkWQ1nbbftaiZR74uaGX2N_H46wXgpQoK9bX0c0b1uKZ5kixW9m.vAP_jIrOrh5K9Yas7wJIQlPgqK0P_GyC_OwMNV1zr6eR9xa384vM2D_2glorG_e2JdnhEBpQc0dlGbfZo4X8opkC861a7k4jfEWrHubOxvY3GcybzoVh3mXOFw.478OjogWzwE3saPKTpkj0aXslQzgr5jo.H8jx0eyKUfj8_1anNdYjExF_daoXZsMTVzooxEhHn6WTHX6GqnsOapWO.WbXQD8_r_NPoJz1hTtOA9262jOiQcoLooAxT0VW_2fzeJXUGAbtSa62FSpggqiPWaChwngMmtzU43gU9wOzw6eIOxrSHYRH0.oU",mdrd: "f9YvnVvyFzDcSJ.0rl692XHKZ0srpC9RKUjCVgcCO4Q-1739801807-1.2.1.1-Kn3Y4JWL9JRMjUL5ZFXghm6fZnD7g7ccKU4e5NiYZs3POWvRJr8RgAuMdJOoS.jUN7ozvGrPIuijTXggbmQdr8SXaU3f4hwsdzv7a9c3wkdVc3.o5WjBRfoG6X27edwgXBuBoFoVUt09mbRomOPGu9hwsN25qt4.__qAf138zuS__J5B3nSn1ZYOz670g97qvhDloUTX_zF6fG2LmyKkxKaXrzynlgDRWuKtvStpn100uO0CacajbFe.rN_r_uebSJR9Vms9YrqNT.M7qor5wGAmWUtKcAT62sf2SBTveGUO9kEh03eIX1oFSbi4mLGIZZsQHbPveqruPlXy9N2GMe.3bacb2jM9G0CULUzjhkjGy._9tyY8gqSFWvx2_QZ0QE4LLuCcBehJC.loAQ4UhFDF.8r3CE5RXnYaUt3JL0jX7_1u27TOBIIipqIqpQ.Njl4Y3Lu4jiDp.iFYwH_TZWx625wvhc9ee54bvZg5F_nWTT0Vms78aX8n9JR40ASnr59VZyx8cG.uOGfsdyZUKYnoNQJfNYB4pv_8fU_yWoeckAM6jra30NOHdf4wmAJYfQNcuorJDHoI96Hq6xf246NpAAOY48vk888gmkWOiMZ6D4OpJkfpI0FtZU8TWMkg1x63FrFro_FKvRifppOxhJRsUNDrt3Kr8sy3xwzRl4LQJpBbMzqcsS_62dzYDu_2bTnpUP75eoOTga2JABOzy6JpKwMfrNINPfwPDKcOAXezSTPNe8Xp4W5ebzgW4UYpe0782eiyPWxK3Oc76rR364e8_x0Q_ZtFkyUrpEgSMpkHH1Q_7SODiH3QWjdMkzBaDE9VuLBZ8Y.vzNWsZNFLqod4sl_nV4dc71ZauX8w1j_9_zVhDtmMJ7jbm3Z09uFM18ZcXxh_urG3PmA2V8sUmy4P9wrFPaloPMsGd7HKLHsTAzOqlkds2e2kJct6Khq26LjenOqCvnRv0s11bxn0hzfbNwXoaFhbo6B7GNN4YQ0FXU3aJuGYu9B62yC6NzSH1p9f275H3nU77Wv2fy191Gw90RLQGSVSQYpnH3NLSFV3QVMWFMUWPDXSgIgEnU0saYxeWnrwcpIIJQHCbzF75Ez_KsbmmBFIW09QkkdWhU7Jv689G8nxNzyX_Mp0Lc0ffTR3i9FVz_aSt2oOUyQo2xnMPL.nQVpbIYYH.kbxvqrp0aC15xMrapiY2L6Q9rHJ1ei_WLyIAFf__H1TxuJ3wXLFuO4AhMkb3QQXx9EfNdw0tiLTdNugG9jvsSPMq6TnZdRuHqrWa9mcMiND10OUUNNduPqGTfRRZtuMDZieR8BgNCKYTtHBYPW9jm6nxg4NrnwpYrcV0arsZGlwmBJ52YZnEOklmh8f2kflMKWWe1y7sGeFiyHRrUf.bEKW3eBHacM09RcIanp56U9wIMXBAlb.2WzpLhcHSQOIUtxcg88ZkTlzlkr4DHGEQkcuqGKSs54u6iOMz_wB3g0YPrY1pP1D4Vv8wkG97yfPmNwMHQLOxLdQZadCj9c8_evLQIGuuSWQKSD96j2Fnagh5MuJeJva50cYSHZ8RVr7KnJbTmSYD.td0G5UTQAw9MNvcNrlO5ruLshf6yH2Kf.y13jA0Pa5oI4m8FxuPte7J9eYTych_BFNQdiLFYGf.kdzvEafq1WihkVDKPOxGbfLYQ9aESxPmWrX.hy1ugo.okqTSJrpuRFIixHYRL7WAZZulO45e6zoU7d2LwzxPAkdbBvP64Gfa.5C9hnJL8QfGOxpoSXrQz18nWnN45O9PoR_N749oGZxAX6O_2Rzdp8ynji5EqZ7uCTv89cfzSyUp1Zgm_eAC7LFK1LBJ.mGQhBGyejARbwZegXtrR2p7VvqRJTH3gsWirpQimIwsbYTJDYATFvSkAkWrzjnMsGs3QT5J1FdbqDOYU.TiF8OW9_Jf313ceCB7f4V4SkmD1hbmeaT5nDEGUi8JFDPaDcCSAlynlpc"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=913665ae8c9bfce3';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/60586\/the-concepts-of-urban-sustainable-development-and-smart-cities-in-the-understanding-of-academia-and-the-european-union?__cf_chl_rt_tk=uM_kE_4A.YVGiHGvMEWkVtTfo0VE1sRQXtbm3NhurQo-1739801807-1.0.1.1-5asDSW2aBVyx9UEHBJvDeqSar1ptrNaMyVv5tgSSDHM" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>