CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '91364cb798ed3f9b',cH: '9wV2G_mC.laa8Hg3NBIDxXM8njDkq9vhgrdL7BmGgPY-1739800784-1.2.1.1-UIDOo10PtELxuqbkKFRT07BtFwvXr2XlWyhB2_wD9MCrOIT5bg6JuzZtrR0vv3nQ',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Yemeni%20Arabic&__cf_chl_tk=lQazRJYlsW4xxbHcU2otEsNcHIkiyNWSGYyhwE5FFCc-1739800784-1.0.1.1-x7WQGOBQPjEcbWKh3I.RbCZyM8G4kJXPiMGl.nTq_6w",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1739800784',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Yemeni%20Arabic&__cf_chl_f_tk=lQazRJYlsW4xxbHcU2otEsNcHIkiyNWSGYyhwE5FFCc-1739800784-1.0.1.1-x7WQGOBQPjEcbWKh3I.RbCZyM8G4kJXPiMGl.nTq_6w",md: "amOyZVlkKUlh.HQ9Fdv2eANBVAayP1m1tCoCmMSb5HI-1739800784-1.2.1.1-hP.KeaHIuglfwZt0El1ZidXi.r0PJxzK5r9s5_yRZKzq2dzTGSX6CvZ3GAPJ0XSVGECaZLwAFdhhTfgGivoHBL3ldNG8HsudqCnrzopLqm63RGtSSncenMMPnvewxfD8L.vOCxwip8aSNT6dtsGO4uoOOpUJke_Ns92pMtWr5YiZbVFCkT1H1b0dgIDai0xW2fV4nFVGTNjVcZLuQCLP.z.PqlTN0Rjw6FrajSy4VdAyz2T1hDiPazabvMflRogDm18zNVGpeesRrh8qG2Kj1LozfRuGA04uiDpEpqSbi8gM45bvGy2b3yUnR.7JmUvkrVqghPn6DnvlYLQsl0gyVPkk4R2PmpuNAIATxY87YMPJGR2bkmCcBX2h5vv_xaK_VV5E5FQHNAFlNoE1uMP_4Ndclo.Rn6oUwl1xYcjl.M_MachjlBa_NsYxKdTE52o21mIWgG2I_FqjpOyxSy_0sW_.tyuYw.XivugmNKmh8W6VROeo4BAn_rhC6lRUi0WMKvizR3L8zcBYdbOHij7ur16FwPxsTxPXHXpZ4Y9n.hnbuGYmpIKvBUYiaR8CDrTanNfLJ1UfItJ.YARi40cVQb1AFKbXwot8KMHEe3aiV52G_LpCd.wJ.lXAXfHuILfIFY0vImk0Ga5eLcruWk7yq07veo4SDV.ia08K2bvfLx213pEud_cvIhgWYG3u_bjQ.obGjx_XfWrceAvf0k2dlwKmsCT4EREaxr.d_du1._aZMt3_Ql.8SOsgF1ht4ZMJCGmUAsHjyNNaFss7uLvJm5IQ.YSgPKaOGMa3otaEwdpaYGlDgAlT1HFtOG3XGC7c.XR3pLJ8vzIgodr.anSbXLHFZo1oA8xR1FRaShVcFiGioUUsNoaEFVWRa1hI4VoIpnRXx73zxLhwcK6nwFSP7spdSJ23D0q3LjoS6WrTLiAWyfx2ZE6lVEQPE1qIjFh1cMwCSYQnFrH2qtcA7yp3nKjiHL6vjizHmax2GOPigSZmKr7olEte3WBEYNtkUXc_eDPCHYte7zxMgQbn38V93enrf7pkINL_E4M6T7JXmuI5JWy6F1aZLfD0XcNm8C5Jf.KQyaivYgVc8Sp64_0R2MLITQYhxlMNAalcKJkcvyxabkz8s4ZGeWu1oShvnlQlFmhTYL59wGe9sTqW8WeuptzUZMSkzRvGDAZXszHg4SrXFG5XKS.OsLUpEgHTr1qHyNI703D3lCaEG.zdSQPxHzyj3kMxUJkY9sxWCt7WvzZbp_SIEzGaZnsMBrAwlSSbnnZG_Q98cZvZ2fKJcgVD4EiUS0wK4.ONjSDzv9JF0MtilF7mfmX9ExJ94tAzzT2.FePSLv.w8FvEJVZy3w8OhWWqfcFxHeJiO_VRvw12Ue57uY1w_72U0_I1bTwve3_RahVR5HijqMa4ovqjVX_V.U9YzyEKxgVR_Z_.hl.Dyz5_XM7x.6cdUAvk.zgkWvXO3AHiMwbHmiHy06JRDrVN0TyMzdkRr_MzIpJgLY4gWoaVkHJDy7tMT79Yo5_SvpXMHF8RUtSw5E9RcuIn3HSUCySixk4wqMlyr5CD20qZkxy_FSo9pXtsIdGvWgDJbFfPtQumBlfMWNfZn.CIfg9CNdmQPrjT4zXfidYQGdwg37UKh922WQPsm_f0APOEfiAt23liEg5joAV24OW88sGgnZqDLcKoeN.Na83w6X49HCLUQXT24TWpmKhLWD6dmFZWRw8dUN.p0E3eJc6U73aHqotkbgNNG.wj3ccrevfRvoEpQoiAuOFDwaM5a3S99gqOD6i.DsjeOw1PfxiaflIf36USgd8RRws.CckWo.HhDm_foWpg0e5_KdUNLGRfAcMMydWFD0SkS6yNefDvnwP87Y176YQJuh1Afil9LZB2KYrtsv.4WuDgKB._KAS9zhNXuwx8XgHn06eOS3hgWpUCK1lmDh4NQ_FGycvpOCepPaI",mdrd: "NFLgTJu5aWyGsXTibc5GS9Q8B5hwwYa9PVe101GTois-1739800784-1.2.1.1-Qn90expkrD8JZWEG.xe3C_gelWiNAr2NDgrlnY.F412iYvUQum6xrgrIaENDU_adPQDwhl53fZypmdUHffGfXcXVcJDQzj3nPrcCfYx72GIGvC_7Df3D4w75vPWwzj7CRW7rgj4gSdlZ.5yRp23GjLph0gys_xuw2r2pu__OS_tlcQ6176S1plolnHxVApNGWehQ7GdAyco0NFj73VkBQ4vsIsBf0cTqQnCI3MndPtz9FgU8m.3wHiN.7U.yanZioDsCMRwHVHq49DsnayMeYkdwljSjq4matDYldqRj8CANu7TRz03ISJ5ikLe4QkOyOHXoSKkbswbRpCp8S9PhthEZ7Eh5tTr8yDbL8kdsOyNmKPCTgPWt8w6cqPTcHEa38bfDfvkXGNr_RZHmA4daqPGIYvx4W5jTFzgLvYXIQ3qqLnUenWShReKxpMp0tVqUh1SbOTEb9MMIqNv3vlbMuv7pEgoVLJr8SngPICsaW2flTyUG2rbeOtnG.wrpb5fvhk3k78KlyivM4.ptOSNNvANi4DFI2Oe6z1bLSKRMGB5RzZ1JxzhWpXmqGWLCzW0TlK9KMFoElY55G1BpgXjyOi541UiUQoKrmEjhs2b1m8JDE4vOTAikgfn9CJJ.Hzx3OR4M0L57hnBLeXGJedmR3rFRxb06mSNlhSl_YVVJKlRt.WcHO96g0V0mfxFOk72x2UILwuyuzJHuhI71x2CQXKZI6SpZO0PzLkEhdSK.h2QBFO6aahSXKLnX6oQLSUknl5Hz4i5zL92eIck97ztqKBSyGM2TW6waI2u8uNkL49jEcG7p9kOkgj8OD0Xmt5mH4QKpCcO7WTt_I5bXoV4gyhQSLsxnth0QhOtN9v5CWTvZGSariXGjYxrlJzA9mBB11O5tLM_Ec3sTa6Yjld2HRMnaCn0oLCAWmsacUhlS4kf0gs_VQaWYtvqptyP2n74qpQpP0f5d.Y1UxKa_Sh7qkm2E8GXXYXWS_tKValzkovKhWDpsLXAd.4LLmcegl4__UVN2W0EK0Mct8H1MxG2jb4Sa28FHqW4SypYUnfZxvg8o_ks_ESvN1NAWC61SghvYKePNQYpJX0PTUf96iyi.uC4szJHsshvSi7rkCw1Ty1XG7Rb6DAVHl8bAIwnXGDh7SabKespb29bSR3Sn8CKCDxJkxYoApXZOjUpKFa3qFjHFFEFuI01TiWree4ot5Q1eZaGCUcd7zSi9iLQsam2umf27KKfUgiEbTnVnxIDPZSJZ9DDo4JiUpvAUx3LcJRe_9RhAivtU3YHpCdn5pvcfRhctu7_8CuaLOvX7lG_j6KAPUdwHXKqtjTm0aW.cHizNAGEGC1LXdLMKOzyLCAnvoWsR7vo84dkhPFflMv_eLbf37EKeOi6DPeney9hN1k2CllMSv8_84qRTzTYTq_VriNfjOyMIEBSppN3Bjg8hASdSh.er8hP3n0sddnSYt.ReIkiqdKbIGPpDQu..XUB_8I6ToyPXlZG2LQkwKNrRWHn6JpjszLIl9S2xPFjgxBFOQmUkWg8MjadUmUkYjvLLLRLPA.1.U63zUFLpK0KTyXn6rFFXmLONq1RClkdUd9jeAtnG_f825K8QEOOL3j53RSfr8IDOaj3Yb_TrigT4c0G9ixvqcQ0Dp6f_rvr8hpLBC.sJoFGjiDAUknO_WBPyxpQxTT1ExK5NIYjx_38BfQ7ikYI5oaMrtbBjawnGDangxROIwEd0I3p5C5pCZ8ziYVY7GoA7UMc7ytDZyV7J_uaVEgngyyMI1yrquemc.NyTYsH9sI_jhnHn3z86zv9uj0MismGxFvpU4qgCENtRRbLottygD7dQad0aB_qrIktIm05j1Le0JK9nXpbiesTFph.luXPnjdfiPUydSk7hhs4CytN5UPTBBIQ8.r7tYv9xxh4VRg1rENW7cwFkyFmrFbIqOhMGcxyX6SLCR6XxtK64yuLDkH7das7.H3RspYB462O8BAtqrie4g5r1Ty.zYg"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91364cb798ed3f9b';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=Yemeni%20Arabic&__cf_chl_rt_tk=lQazRJYlsW4xxbHcU2otEsNcHIkiyNWSGYyhwE5FFCc-1739800784-1.0.1.1-x7WQGOBQPjEcbWKh3I.RbCZyM8G4kJXPiMGl.nTq_6w" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>