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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>로그인</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="더 많은 옵션" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="개인 도구" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">개인 도구</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="사용자 메뉴" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=ko.wikipedia.org&uselang=ko"><span>기부</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EA%B3%84%EC%A0%95%EB%A7%8C%EB%93%A4%EA%B8%B0&returnto=%EC%9E%90%EA%B8%B0" title="계정을 만들고 로그인하는 것이 좋습니다. 하지만 필수는 아닙니다"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>계정 만들기</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8%EC%9D%B8&returnto=%EC%9E%90%EA%B8%B0" title="위키백과에 로그인하면 여러가지 편리한 기능을 사용할 수 있습니다. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>로그인</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 로그아웃한 편집자를 위한 문서 <a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%84%EC%9B%80%EB%A7%90:%EC%86%8C%EA%B0%9C" aria-label="편집에 관해 더 알아보기"><span>더 알아보기</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%82%B4%EA%B8%B0%EC%97%AC" title="이 IP 주소의 편집 목록 [y]" accesskey="y"><span>기여</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%82%B4%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%A9%EC%9E%90%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0" title="현재 사용하는 IP 주소에 대한 토론 문서 [n]" accesskey="n"><span>토론</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="사이트"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="목차" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">목차</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">사이드바로 이동</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">숨기기</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">처음 위치</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-역사" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#역사"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>역사</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-역사-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>역사 하위섹션 토글하기</span> </button> <ul id="toc-역사-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-고대와_중세" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#고대와_중세"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>고대와 중세</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-고대와_중세-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-근세" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#근세"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>근세</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-근세-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-자성의_종류" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#자성의_종류"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>자성의 종류</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-자성의_종류-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-각주" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#각주"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>각주</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-각주-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-외부_링크" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#외부_링크"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>외부 링크</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-외부_링크-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-같이_보기" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#같이_보기"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>같이 보기</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-같이_보기-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="목차" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="목차 토글" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">목차 토글</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">자기</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="다른 언어로 문서를 방문합니다. 92개 언어로 읽을 수 있습니다" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-92" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">92개 언어</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetisme" title="Magnetisme – 아프리칸스어" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Magnetisme" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="아프리칸스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5" title="चुंबकत्व – 앙가어" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="चुंबकत्व" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="앙가어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%BA%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="مغناطيسية – 아랍어" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مغناطيسية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="아랍어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetismu" title="Magnetismu – 아스투리아어" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Magnetismu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="아스투리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maqnetizm" title="Maqnetizm – 아제르바이잔어" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Maqnetizm" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="아제르바이잔어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetismus" title="Magnetismus – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Magnetismus" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetismo" title="Magnetismo – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Magnetismo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Магнетызм – 벨라루스어" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Магнетызм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="벨라루스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Магнэтызм – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Магнэтызм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Магнетизъм – 불가리아어" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Магнетизъм" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="불가리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC" title="চুম্বকত্ব – 벵골어" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="চুম্বকত্ব" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="벵골어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%81%E0%BD%96%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B" title="ཁབ་ལེན་ – 티베트어" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཁབ་ལེན་" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="티베트어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwarellegezh" title="Gwarellegezh – 브르타뉴어" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Gwarellegezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="브르타뉴어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetizam" title="Magnetizam – 보스니아어" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Magnetizam" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="보스니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetisme" title="Magnetisme – 카탈로니아어" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Magnetisme" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="카탈로니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetismus" title="Magnetismus – 체코어" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Magnetismus" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="체코어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Магнетизм – 추바시어" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Магнетизм" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="추바시어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetisme" title="Magnetisme – 덴마크어" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Magnetisme" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="덴마크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetismus" title="Magnetismus – 독일어" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Magnetismus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="독일어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Μαγνητισμός – 그리스어" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μαγνητισμός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="그리스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetism" title="Magnetism – 영어" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Magnetism" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="영어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetismo" title="Magnetismo – 에스페란토어" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Magnetismo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="에스페란토어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetismo" title="Magnetismo – 스페인어" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Magnetismo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="스페인어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetism" title="Magnetism – 에스토니아어" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Magnetism" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="에스토니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetismo" title="Magnetismo – 바스크어" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Magnetismo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="바스크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%BA%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B7%DB%8C%D8%B3" title="مغناطیس – 페르시아어" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مغناطیس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="페르시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetismi" title="Magnetismi – 핀란드어" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Magnetismi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="핀란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magn%C3%B5tism" title="Magnõtism – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Magnõtism" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magn%C3%A9tisme" title="Magnétisme – 프랑스어" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Magnétisme" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="프랑스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maighn%C3%A9adas" title="Maighnéadas – 아일랜드어" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Maighnéadas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="아일랜드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetismo" title="Magnetismo – 갈리시아어" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Magnetismo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="갈리시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%92%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA" title="מגנטיות – 히브리어" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מגנטיות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="히브리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5" title="चुम्बकत्व – 힌디어" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="चुम्बकत्व" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="힌디어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetizam" title="Magnetizam – 크로아티아어" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Magnetizam" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="크로아티아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A1gness%C3%A9g" title="Mágnesség – 헝가리어" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Mágnesség" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="헝가리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Մագնիսականություն – 아르메니아어" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մագնիսականություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="아르메니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%AB%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Մագնիսականութիւն – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Մագնիսականութիւն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetisme" title="Magnetisme – 인도네시아어" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Magnetisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="인도네시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetismo" title="Magnetismo – 이도어" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Magnetismo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="이도어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segulmagn" title="Segulmagn – 아이슬란드어" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Segulmagn" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="아이슬란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetismo" title="Magnetismo – 이탈리아어" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Magnetismo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="이탈리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A3%81%E6%80%A7" title="磁性 – 일본어" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="磁性" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="일본어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/makykai" title="makykai – 로반어" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="makykai" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="로반어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%92%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="მაგნეტიზმი – 조지아어" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მაგნეტიზმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="조지아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%91%C9%A9%C9%A3t%CA%8B_h%C9%94m_%C9%96o%C5%8B_(magn%C3%A9tisme)" title="Ñɩɣtʋ hɔm ɖoŋ (magnétisme) – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Ñɩɣtʋ hɔm ɖoŋ (magnétisme)" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Магнетизм – 카자흐어" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Магнетизм" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="카자흐어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%86" title="ಕಾಂತತೆ – 칸나다어" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕಾಂತತೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="칸나다어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Магнетизм – 키르기스어" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Магнетизм" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="키르기스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetismus" title="Magnetismus – 룩셈부르크어" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Magnetismus" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="룩셈부르크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetisme" title="Magnetisme – 림버거어" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Magnetisme" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="림버거어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetizmas" title="Magnetizmas – 리투아니아어" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Magnetizmas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="리투아니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magn%C4%93tisms" title="Magnētisms – 라트비아어" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Magnētisms" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="라트비아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Магнетизам – 마케도니아어" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Магнетизам" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="마케도니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%A4" title="കാന്തികത – 말라얄람어" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കാന്തികത" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="말라얄람어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemagnetan" title="Kemagnetan – 말레이어" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kemagnetan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="말레이어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%B6%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%93%E1%80%AC%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA" title="သံလိုက်ဓာတ် – 버마어" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="သံလိုက်ဓာတ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="버마어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetisme" title="Magnetisme – 네덜란드어" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Magnetisme" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="네덜란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetisme" title="Magnetisme – 노르웨이어(니노르스크)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Magnetisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="노르웨이어(니노르스크)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetisme" title="Magnetisme – 노르웨이어(보크말)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Magnetisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="노르웨이어(보크말)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9A%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE" title="ਚੁੰਬਕਤਾ – 펀잡어" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਚੁੰਬਕਤਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="펀잡어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetyzm" title="Magnetyzm – 폴란드어" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Magnetyzm" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="폴란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%82%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B7%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="مقناطیسیت – 파슈토어" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="مقناطیسیت" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="파슈토어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetismo" title="Magnetismo – 포르투갈어" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Magnetismo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="포르투갈어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llut%27ariy" title="Llut'ariy – 케추아어" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Llut'ariy" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="케추아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetism" title="Magnetism – 루마니아어" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Magnetism" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="루마니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Магнетизм – 러시아어" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Магнетизм" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="러시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnitismu" title="Magnitismu – 시칠리아어" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Magnitismu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="시칠리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%82%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%AA" title="مقناطيسيت – 신디어" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="مقناطيسيت" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="신디어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetizam" title="Magnetizam – 세르비아-크로아티아어" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Magnetizam" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="세르비아-크로아티아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetism" title="Magnetism – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Magnetism" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetizmus" title="Magnetizmus – 슬로바키아어" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Magnetizmus" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="슬로바키아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetizem" title="Magnetizem – 슬로베니아어" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Magnetizem" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="슬로베니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetizmi" title="Magnetizmi – 알바니아어" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Magnetizmi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="알바니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Магнетизам – 세르비아어" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Магнетизам" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="세르비아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magn%C3%A9tisme" title="Magnétisme – 순다어" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Magnétisme" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="순다어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetism" title="Magnetism – 스웨덴어" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Magnetism" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="스웨덴어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usumaku" title="Usumaku – 스와힐리어" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Usumaku" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="스와힐리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="காந்தவியல் – 타밀어" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="காந்தவியல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="타밀어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%82" title="అయస్కాంతత్వం – 텔루구어" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="అయస్కాంతత్వం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="텔루구어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%81" title="ความเป็นแม่เหล็ก – 태국어" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ความเป็นแม่เหล็ก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="태국어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetismo" title="Magnetismo – 타갈로그어" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Magnetismo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="타갈로그어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manyetizma" title="Manyetizma – 터키어" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Manyetizma" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="터키어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Магнетизм – 우크라이나어" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Магнетизм" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="우크라이나어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%82%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B7%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="مقناطیسیت – 우르두어" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مقناطیسیت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="우르두어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetizm" title="Magnetizm – 우즈베크어" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Magnetizm" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="우즈베크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%E1%BB%AB_h%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Từ học – 베트남어" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Từ học" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="베트남어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetismo" title="Magnetismo – 와라이어" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Magnetismo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="와라이어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A3%81" title="磁 – 우어" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="磁" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="우어" 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class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title"><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%95%EC%A0%84%EA%B8%B0%ED%95%99" title="정전기학">정전기학</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%84%ED%95%98" title="전하">전하</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%BF%A8%EB%A1%B1_%EB%B2%95%EC%B9%99" title="쿨롱 법칙">쿨롱 법칙</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EA%B8%B0%EC%9E%A5" title="전기장">전기장</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%80%EC%9C%84%EC%9E%A5" title="변위장">변위장</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EA%B8%B0_%EC%84%A0%EC%86%8D" title="전기 선속">전기 선속</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B0%80%EC%9A%B0%EC%8A%A4_%EB%B2%95%EC%B9%99" title="가우스 법칙">가우스 법칙</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EC%9C%84" title="전위">전위</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%95%EC%A0%84%EA%B8%B0_%EC%9C%A0%EB%8F%84" title="정전기 유도">정전기 유도</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EA%B8%B0_%EC%8C%8D%EA%B7%B9%EC%9E%90_%EB%AA%A8%EB%A9%98%ED%8A%B8" title="전기 쌍극자 모멘트">전기 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유도">전자기 유도</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%A8%EB%9F%AC%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B4_%EC%A0%84%EC%9E%90%EA%B8%B0_%EC%9C%A0%EB%8F%84_%EB%B2%95%EC%B9%99" title="패러데이 전자기 유도 법칙">패러데이 법칙</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%99%80%EC%A0%84%EB%A5%98" title="와전류">와전류</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A0%8C%EC%B8%A0%EC%9D%98_%EB%B2%95%EC%B9%99" title="렌츠의 법칙">렌츠의 법칙</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%80%EC%9C%84_%EC%A0%84%EB%A5%98" title="변위 전류">변위 전류</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%A5%EC%8A%A4%EC%9B%B0_%EB%B0%A9%EC%A0%95%EC%8B%9D" title="맥스웰 방정식">맥스웰 방정식</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EC%9E%90%EA%B8%B0%EC%9E%A5" title="전자기장">전자기장</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%90%EB%82%98%EB%A5%B4-%EB%B9%84%ED%97%A4%EB%A5%B4%ED%8A%B8_%ED%8D%BC%ED%85%90%EC%85%9C" title="리에나르-비헤르트 퍼텐셜">리에나르-비헤르트 퍼텐셜</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%A5%EC%8A%A4%EC%9B%B0_%EB%B3%80%ED%98%95%EB%A0%A5_%ED%85%90%EC%84%9C" title="맥스웰 변형력 텐서">맥스웰 변형력 텐서</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%92%A4%EC%B2%98%EC%A7%84_%ED%8D%BC%ED%85%90%EC%85%9C" title="뒤처진 퍼텐셜">뒤처진 퍼텐셜</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%88%ED%94%BC%EB%A9%98%EC%BD%94_%EB%B0%A9%EC%A0%95%EC%8B%9D" title="예피멘코 방정식">예피멘코 방정식</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title"><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EA%B8%B0_%ED%9A%8C%EB%A1%9C" title="전기 회로">전기 회로</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EA%B8%B0%EC%A0%80%ED%95%AD" title="전기저항">전기저항</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EA%B8%B0%EC%9A%A9%EB%9F%89" class="mw-redirect" title="전기용량">전기용량</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EB%8F%84%EC%9C%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="전도율">전도율</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EB%8F%84%EA%B3%84%EC%88%98" title="유도계수">유도계수</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%A8%EC%A0%80%ED%95%AD" title="온저항">온저항</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%98%EC%9D%91%EC%A0%80%ED%95%AD" title="반응저항">반응저항</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%96%B4%EB%93%9C%EB%AF%B8%ED%84%B4%EC%8A%A4" title="어드미턴스">어드미턴스</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EB%A0%A5" title="전력">전력</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title">공변 공식</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EC%9E%90%EA%B8%B0%EC%9E%A5_%ED%85%90%EC%84%9C" title="전자기장 텐서">전자기장 텐서</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4%EC%B0%A8%EC%9B%90_%EC%A0%84%EB%A5%98" class="mw-redirect" title="4차원 전류">4차원 전류</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EC%9E%90%EA%B8%B0_%ED%8D%BC%ED%85%90%EC%85%9C" title="전자기 퍼텐셜">전자기 퍼텐셜</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title">과학자</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%BC_%ED%94%84%EB%A6%AC%EB%93%9C%EB%A6%AC%ED%9E%88_%EA%B0%80%EC%9A%B0%EC%8A%A4" title="카를 프리드리히 가우스">가우스</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%84_%EA%B8%B8%EB%B2%84%ED%8A%B8" title="윌리엄 길버트">길버트</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%97%A8%EB%93%9C%EB%A6%AD_%EB%A1%9C%EB%9F%B0%EC%B8%A0" title="헨드릭 로런츠">로런츠</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%9C%EC%9E%84%EC%8A%A4_%ED%81%B4%EB%9F%AC%ED%81%AC_%EB%A7%A5%EC%8A%A4%EC%9B%B0" title="제임스 클러크 맥스웰">맥스웰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B9%8C%ED%97%AC%EB%A6%84_%EC%97%90%EB%91%90%EC%95%84%EB%A5%B4%ED%8A%B8_%EB%B2%A0%EB%B2%84" title="빌헬름 에두아르트 베버">베버</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%95%8C%EB%A0%88%EC%82%B0%EB%93%9C%EB%A1%9C_%EB%B3%BC%ED%83%80" title="알레산드로 볼타">볼타</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%A5%EB%B0%94%ED%8B%B0%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8_%EB%B9%84%EC%98%A4" title="장바티스트 비오">비오</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%95%99%EB%93%9C%EB%A0%88%EB%A7%88%EB%A6%AC_%EC%95%99%ED%8E%98%EB%A5%B4" title="앙드레마리 앙페르">앙페르</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B2%8C%EC%98%A4%EB%A5%B4%ED%81%AC_%EC%98%B4" title="게오르크 옴">옴</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%95%9C%EC%8A%A4_%ED%81%AC%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4%ED%8B%B0%EC%95%88_%EC%99%B8%EB%A5%B4%EC%8A%A4%ED%85%8C%EB%93%9C" title="한스 크리스티안 외르스테드">외르스테드</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%83%A4%EB%A5%BC_%EB%93%9C_%EC%BF%A8%EB%A1%B1" title="샤를 드 쿨롱">쿨롱</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AC%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%80%ED%94%84_%ED%82%A4%EB%A5%B4%ED%9E%88%ED%98%B8%ED%94%84" title="구스타프 키르히호프">키르히호프</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%8B%88%EC%BD%9C%EB%9D%BC_%ED%85%8C%EC%8A%AC%EB%9D%BC" title="니콜라 테슬라">테슬라</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EC%9D%B4%ED%81%B4_%ED%8C%A8%EB%9F%AC%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B4" title="마이클 패러데이">패러데이</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%A1%B4_%ED%97%A8%EB%A6%AC_%ED%8F%AC%EC%9D%B8%ED%8C%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="존 헨리 포인팅 (없는 문서)">포인팅</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%95%98%EC%9D%B8%EB%A6%AC%ED%9E%88_%ED%97%A4%EB%A5%B4%EC%B8%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="하인리히 헤르츠">헤르츠</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%AC%EB%A6%AC%EB%B2%84_%ED%97%A4%EB%B9%84%EC%82%AC%EC%9D%B4%EB%93%9C" title="올리버 헤비사이드">헤비사이드</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EC%A7%80%ED%94%84_%ED%97%A8%EB%A6%AC" title="조지프 헨리">헨리</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r34311309">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-보기"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80:%EC%A0%84%EC%9E%90%EA%B8%B0%ED%95%99" title="틀:전자기학"><abbr title="이 틀을 보기">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-토론"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0:%EC%A0%84%EC%9E%90%EA%B8%B0%ED%95%99" title="틀토론:전자기학"><abbr title="이 틀에 관해 토론하기">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-편집"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C%ED%8E%B8%EC%A7%91/%ED%8B%80:%EC%A0%84%EC%9E%90%EA%B8%B0%ED%95%99" title="특수:문서편집/틀:전자기학"><abbr title="이 틀을 편집하기">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>자기</b>(磁氣, <a href="/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%96%B4" title="영어">영어</a>: <span lang="en">Magnetism</span>)는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%90%EC%84%9D" title="자석">자석</a>이 주위 물체들에게 어떤 영향<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>을 미치는 것을 말한다. </p><p>관습적으로 자기의 극에 북극(N극)과 남극(S극)이라는 이름을 붙인다. 이는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%80%EA%B5%AC" title="지구">지구</a>의 북극이 자석의 S극을 띄기 때문에, <a href="/wiki/%EB%82%98%EC%B9%A8%EB%B0%98" title="나침반">나침반</a>의 N극이 북극이 띄고있는 S극의 자기력에 의해 북극 쪽으로 돌아가는 데에서 유래한다. 반대로, 지구의 남극이 자석의 N극을 띄기 때문에, 나침반의 S극은 남극쪽으로 돌아가는 데에서 유래한다. </p><p><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EC%9E%90%EA%B8%B0%ED%95%99" title="전자기학">전자기학</a>은 전기와 자기를 하나의 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EC%9E%90%EA%B8%B0%EB%A0%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="전자기력">전자기력</a>으로 통일하여 다룬다. 좀 더 정확히 말하면, 자기력은 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EA%B8%B0%EB%A0%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="전기력">전기력</a>의 상대론적 효과로 볼 수 있다. 즉, <a href="/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EB%9F%B0%EC%B8%A0_%EB%B3%80%ED%99%98" title="로런츠 변환">로런츠 변환</a>에 의해 전기장이 왜곡돼 생기는 현상이라는 것이다. 중력의 경우에도 유사한 현상이 생기는데, 중력이 워낙 약한 나머지 중자기력(<a href="/wiki/%EC%A4%91%EB%A0%A5_%EC%9E%90%EC%84%B1" title="중력 자성">중력 자성</a>)은 전기적 자기력과 달리 매우 약하다. </p><p>전자기학에서는 전기력과 자기력을 서로 대칭적으로 다루기 때문에, 모든 물질의 전기적 전하와 자기적 전하를 바꾸어도 힘이 동등하게 작용한다. 다만, 양전하와 음전하를 분리할 수 있는 전기와는 달리, 실험적 관측 결과에 따르면 자기 전하는 독립적으로 존재하지 않는다 (북극과 남극을 분리할 수 없다). 다시 말해, 아직 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%90%EA%B8%B0_%ED%99%80%EA%B7%B9" title="자기 홀극">자기 홀극</a>을 실험적으로 발견하지 못했다. 그러나 여러 물리 이론들(<a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%ED%86%B5%EC%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="대통일이론">대통일이론</a> 따위)은 자기 홀극의 존재를 예측한다. 만약 자기 홀극이 존재한다면, <a href="/wiki/%ED%8F%B4_%EB%94%94%EB%9E%99" title="폴 디랙">폴 디랙</a>의 계산에 따라, <a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%84%ED%95%98" title="전하">전하</a>의 <a href="/wiki/%EC%96%91%EC%9E%90%ED%99%94" class="mw-disambig" title="양자화">양자화</a>(즉 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EB%B3%B8_%EC%A0%84%ED%95%98" title="기본 전하">기본 전하</a>의 존재)를 설명할 수 있다. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="역사"><span id=".EC.97.AD.EC.82.AC"></span>역사</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9E%90%EA%B8%B0&action=edit&section=1" title="부분 편집: 역사"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="고대와_중세"><span id=".EA.B3.A0.EB.8C.80.EC.99.80_.EC.A4.91.EC.84.B8"></span>고대와 중세</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9E%90%EA%B8%B0&action=edit&section=2" title="부분 편집: 고대와 중세"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>기원전 6세기 그리스에서, 기록에 따르면 <a href="/wiki/%ED%83%88%EB%A0%88%EC%8A%A4" title="탈레스">탈레스</a>가 최초로 <a href="/wiki/%ED%98%B8%EB%B0%95_(%ED%99%94%EC%84%9D)" title="호박 (화석)">호박</a>을 헝겊 등에 문지르면 머리카락이나 먼지 등을 끌어당기는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%95%EC%A0%84%EA%B8%B0_%EC%9C%A0%EB%8F%84" title="정전기 유도">정전기 유도</a> 현상을 발견하였다. 또한 탈레스는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%90%EC%B2%A0%EC%84%9D" title="자철석">자철석</a>이 철을 끌어당기고, 철이 붙을 때마다 같은 방향으로 정렬하며, 철을 자철석에 문지르게 되면 그 철도 비슷한 성질을 지니게 됨을 발견하였다. 기원전 4세기 (<a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EA%B5%AD_%EC%8B%9C%EB%8C%80" title="전국 시대">전국 시대</a>) 중국의 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B7%80%EA%B3%A1%EC%9E%90" title="귀곡자">귀곡자</a>도 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%90%EC%B2%A0%EC%84%9D" title="자철석">자철석</a>이 철을 끌어당긴다는 사실을 기록하였다. </p><p>기원후 11세기에 이르러, 중국의 <a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%AC%EA%B4%84" title="심괄">심괄</a>은 저서 《<a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%BD%EA%B3%84%ED%95%84%EB%8B%B4" title="몽계필담">몽계필담</a>》에서 최초로 자철석을 사용한 <a href="/wiki/%EB%82%98%EC%B9%A8%EB%B0%98" title="나침반">나침반</a>에 대하여 언급하였다. 이 때의 나침반은 숟가락 모양의 자철석을 실에 매단 형태였다. 12세기에 들어 나침반은 유럽에 전해졌다. 잉글랜드의 <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%95%8C%EB%A0%89%EC%82%B0%EB%8D%94_%EB%84%A4%EC%BB%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="알렉산더 네컴 (없는 문서)">알렉산더 네컴</a>은 1187년에 항해에 나침반을 사용하는 법에 대하여 유럽에서는 최초로 서술하였다. </p><p>자석의 성질에 대한 최초의 연구는 <a href="/wiki/1269%EB%85%84" title="1269년">1269년</a> 페트루스 페레그리누스(<span lang="fr">Petrus Peregrinus de Maricourt</span>)가 실험을 통해 본격적으로 진행하였다. 그의 실험의 결론은 자석은 두 극이 있으며 한 자석이 두 쪽으로 나뉘어도 각 조각은 항상 두 극을 가지게 된다는 것이다. 그리고 그는 자석의 같은 극은 서로 밀어내며 다른 극은 서로 당기를 것을 알아내었다. 그러나 자석이 북쪽과 남쪽을 가리키는 현상을 지구의 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%90%EA%B8%B0%EC%9E%A5" title="자기장">자기장</a>에 의한 것임을 생각하지 못했다. 페레그리누스 이후 약 300년 동안 자석에 대한 연구에는 큰 진전이 없었다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="근세"><span id=".EA.B7.BC.EC.84.B8"></span>근세</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9E%90%EA%B8%B0&action=edit&section=3" title="부분 편집: 근세"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Norman_Robert_dip_circle.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Norman_Robert_dip_circle.jpg/220px-Norman_Robert_dip_circle.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="400" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/99/Norman_Robert_dip_circle.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="297" data-file-height="540" /></a><figcaption>로버트 노먼의 저서 《새로운 인력》의 한 삽화. 나침반의 바늘(<span lang="en">THE NEDEL</span>)이 수평(<span lang="en">THE HORIZON</span>)에 대하여 가리키는 방향을 나타낸다.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/1581%EB%85%84" title="1581년">1581년</a>에 잉글랜드의 로버트 노먼(<span lang="en">Robert Norman</span>)은 저서 《새로운 인력》(<span lang="en">The Newe Attractive</span>)에서 <a href="/wiki/%EB%82%98%EC%B9%A8%EB%B0%98" title="나침반">나침반</a> 바늘이 아래로 살짝 기울어지는 현상을 발견했다. 처음에 그는 나침반의 불균형을 그 이유로 생각했지만 반복적인 실험으로 단순 나침반의 불균형이 아니라 실제로 아래쪽으로 힘을 받음을 발견했다. 노먼은 생각하지 못했지만, 이 실험은 나침반 바늘을 움직이는 힘이 하늘에 의한 것이 아니라 지구에 의한 것임을 발견하는데 큰 역할을 하게 된다. </p><p><a href="/wiki/1600%EB%85%84" title="1600년">1600년</a>에, <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%84_%EA%B8%B8%EB%B2%84%ED%8A%B8" title="윌리엄 길버트">윌리엄 길버트</a>는 《자석에 대하여》<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>라는 제목으로 자기 현상을 연구한 책을 출판하였다. 이 책에서 길버트는 <a href="/wiki/%EB%82%98%EC%B9%A8%EB%B0%98" title="나침반">나침반</a>이 지구의 자기적 성질에 의하여 작동한다고 주장하였고, 이는 자기 현상에 대한 첫 과학적 연구로 여겨진다. </p><p>그 뒤, 자기 현상에 대한 연구는 더욱 활발해져 더욱 구체적이고 정량적인 이론들이 나타나기 시작하였다. 이 시기에는 자기 현상이 어떤 가상의 자기 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EC%B2%B4" title="유체">유체</a>(<span lang="en">magnetic fluids</span>)로 인한 것이라는 가설이 유망하였으나, 19세기에 와서 자기장은 전류의 흐름에 의해서 생기게 된다는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%99%EB%93%9C%EB%A0%88%EB%A7%88%EB%A6%AC_%EC%95%99%ED%8E%98%EB%A5%B4" title="앙드레마리 앙페르">앙드레마리 앙페르</a>의 발견을 토대로 <a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EC%9D%B4%ED%81%B4_%ED%8C%A8%EB%9F%AC%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B4" title="마이클 패러데이">마이클 패러데이</a>는 자기 유체의 존재를 부정하였고,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 이후 이 가설은 곧 잊혀졌다. </p><p>패러데이의 자기와 전기현상에 대한 발견 이후, 스코틀랜드 과학자인 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%9C%EC%9E%84%EC%8A%A4_%ED%81%B4%EB%9F%AC%ED%81%AC_%EB%A7%A5%EC%8A%A4%EC%9B%B0" title="제임스 클러크 맥스웰">제임스 클러크 맥스웰</a>은 이때까지 관측된 자기현상과 전기현상을 바탕으로 전자기학 이론<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>을 도입하였다. 전자기학 이론은 물리학에서 위대한 이론 중의 하나로 평가되고 있는데, 왜냐하면 자기와 전기 현상에 대한 이론을 통합했으며 나아가 빛이 전기장과 자기장 진동의 형태로 진행한다는 성질을 설명하기 때문이다. 더욱이 전자기학 이론은 빛이 관성계에 관계없이 일정한 속도로 진행한다는 것을 설명했고, 이는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%8C%EB%B2%A0%EB%A5%B4%ED%8A%B8_%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B8%EC%8A%88%ED%83%80%EC%9D%B8" title="알베르트 아인슈타인">알베르트 아인슈타인</a>의 <a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98_%EC%83%81%EB%8C%80%EC%84%B1_%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="특수 상대성 이론">특수 상대성 이론</a>으로 이어진다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="자성의_종류"><span id=".EC.9E.90.EC.84.B1.EC.9D.98_.EC.A2.85.EB.A5.98"></span>자성의 종류</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9E%90%EA%B8%B0&action=edit&section=4" title="부분 편집: 자성의 종류"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>자성의 종류는 다음과 같다. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B0%95%EC%9E%90%EC%84%B1" title="강자성">강자성</a>: 외부 자기장이 없는 상태에서도 자화되는 물질의 자기적 성질을 말하는데, 보통 일상생활에서 볼 수 있는 자석의 같은 힘을 말한다.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%98%EA%B0%95%EC%9E%90%EC%84%B1" title="반강자성">반강자성</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A4%80%EA%B0%95%EC%9E%90%EC%84%B1" title="준강자성">준강자성</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%83%81%EC%9E%90%EC%84%B1" title="상자성">상자성</a>: 외부의 자기장이 있으면 자기적 성질을 가지지만, 외부의 자기장이 사라지면 자기적 성질이 사라진다.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%B4%88%EC%83%81%EC%9E%90%EC%84%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="초상자성 (없는 문서)">초상자성</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%98%EC%9E%90%EC%84%B1" title="반자성">반자성</a>: 자기장에 대한 물질의 약한 반발력</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B4%88%EB%B0%98%EC%9E%90%EC%84%B1" title="초반자성">초반자성</a>: 저온의 특정 물질에서 발생하는 현상으로 <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9E%90%EA%B8%B0_%ED%88%AC%EC%9E%90%EC%9C%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="자기 투자율 (없는 문서)">자기 투자율</a>이 전무한 (즉 자기 투자율 = −1) 그리고 내부 자기장을 축출하는 특징을 지니는데, 초저온 자기부상의 원리가 된다.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A9%94%ED%83%80%EC%9E%90%EC%84%B1" title="메타자성">메타자성</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%8A%A4%ED%95%80_%EA%B8%80%EB%9D%BC%EC%8A%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="스핀 글라스 (없는 문서)">스핀 글라스</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%ED%95%80_%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%A4" title="스핀 아이스">스핀 아이스</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="각주"><span id=".EA.B0.81.EC.A3.BC"></span>각주</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9E%90%EA%B8%B0&action=edit&section=5" title="부분 편집: 각주"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r35556958">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">'자석이 갖고있는 힘' 즉, <b>자기력</b>(magnetic force, 자석과 같이 자성을 띤 물체끼리 밀고 당기는 <a href="/wiki/%ED%9E%98_(%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC)" class="mw-redirect" title="힘 (물리)">힘</a>으로 자기에 의해, 자성을 띤 물체끼리 같은 극 부분을 서로 밀어내고 다른 극 부분은 끌어당긴다.)을 주위에게 행사함으로써 나타나는 현상으로 어떤 자석의 N극이 자신이 갖고있는 힘을 통해 주위에 있는 다른 자석의 S극부분을 자신이 영역 가까이 끌어들이려는 현상을 말한다.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">W. Gilbert, De Magnete (P. Fleury Mottelay 영역), Dover Publications, 1991.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">M. Faraday, Experimental Researches in Electricity, vol III Taylor and Francis, 1855.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">J.C. Maxwell, A dynamical theory of the electromagnetic</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="외부_링크"><span id=".EC.99.B8.EB.B6.80_.EB.A7.81.ED.81.AC"></span>외부 링크</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9E%90%EA%B8%B0&action=edit&section=6" title="부분 편집: 외부 링크"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> 위키미디어 공용에 <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Magnetism?uselang=ko">자기</a></span> 관련 미디어 분류가 있습니다.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="같이_보기"><span id=".EA.B0.99.EC.9D.B4_.EB.B3.B4.EA.B8.B0"></span>같이 보기</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9E%90%EA%B8%B0&action=edit&section=7" title="부분 편집: 같이 보기"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%80%EC%9E%90%EA%B8%B0" title="지자기">지구의 자기</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EC%9E%90%EA%B8%B0%ED%95%99" title="전자기학">전자기학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A0%8C%EC%B8%A0%EC%9D%98_%EB%B2%95%EC%B9%99" title="렌츠의 법칙">렌츠의 법칙</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%90%EC%84%9D" title="자석">자석</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%90%EA%B8%B0%EC%9E%A5" title="자기장">자기장</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9E%90%EA%B8%B0_%EB%B2%A0%EC%96%B4%EB%A7%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="자기 베어링 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href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb133190145">BnF 데이터</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4037021-5">독일</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007543554905171">이스라엘</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85079759">미국</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00574858">일본</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><abbr title="magnetismus"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph122550&CON_LNG=ENG">체코</a></abbr></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">기타</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" 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