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FR-V (microprocessor) - Wikipedia
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<b>FR-V</b> (Fujitsu <a href="/wiki/RISC" class="mw-redirect" title="RISC">RISC</a>-<a href="/wiki/VLIW" class="mw-redirect" title="VLIW">VLIW</a>) is one of the very few <a href="/wiki/Central_processing_unit" title="Central processing unit">processors</a> ever able to process both a <a href="/wiki/Very_long_instruction_word" title="Very long instruction word">very long instruction word</a> (VLIW) and <a href="/wiki/Vector_processor" title="Vector processor">vector processor</a> <a href="/wiki/Instruction_set" class="mw-redirect" title="Instruction set">instructions</a> at the same time, increasing <a href="/wiki/Throughput" class="mw-redirect" title="Throughput">throughput</a> with high <a href="/wiki/Parallel_computing" title="Parallel computing">parallel computing</a> while increasing <a href="/wiki/Performance_per_watt" title="Performance per watt">performance per watt</a> and <a href="/wiki/Computer_architecture" title="Computer architecture">hardware</a> efficiency. The family was presented in 1999.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its design was influenced by the VPP500/5000 models of the <a href="/wiki/Fujitsu_VP" title="Fujitsu VP">Fujitsu VP</a>/<a href="/wiki/Fujitsu_VP2000" title="Fujitsu VP2000">2000</a> vector processor <a href="/wiki/Supercomputer_architecture" title="Supercomputer architecture">supercomputer</a> line.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FR-V_MB93475_in_SONY_DBZ-RX105.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/FR-V_MB93475_in_SONY_DBZ-RX105.jpg/220px-FR-V_MB93475_in_SONY_DBZ-RX105.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/FR-V_MB93475_in_SONY_DBZ-RX105.jpg/330px-FR-V_MB93475_in_SONY_DBZ-RX105.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/FR-V_MB93475_in_SONY_DBZ-RX105.jpg/440px-FR-V_MB93475_in_SONY_DBZ-RX105.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>FR-V MB93475 in SONY DBZ-RX105 BD/HDD recorder</figcaption></figure> <p>Featuring a 1–8 way very long instruction word (VLIW, <a href="/wiki/Multiple_Instruction_Multiple_Data" class="mw-redirect" title="Multiple Instruction Multiple Data">Multiple Instruction Multiple Data</a> (MIMD), up to 256 bit) instruction set it additionally uses a 4-way <a href="/wiki/Single_instruction,_multiple_data" title="Single instruction, multiple data">single instruction, multiple data</a> (SIMD) vector processor core. A <a href="/wiki/32-bit" class="mw-redirect" title="32-bit">32-bit</a> <a href="/wiki/RISC" class="mw-redirect" title="RISC">RISC</a> instruction set in the <a href="/wiki/Superscalar" class="mw-redirect" title="Superscalar">superscalar</a> core is combined with most variants integrating a dual <a href="/wiki/16-bit" class="mw-redirect" title="16-bit">16-bit</a> <a href="/wiki/Media_processor" title="Media processor">media processor</a> also in VLIW and vector architecture. Each processor core is <a href="/wiki/Instruction_pipeline" class="mw-redirect" title="Instruction pipeline">superpipelined</a> as well as 4-unit <a href="/wiki/Superscalar" class="mw-redirect" title="Superscalar">superscalar</a>. </p><p>A typical <a href="/wiki/Integrated_circuit" title="Integrated circuit">integrated circuit</a> integrates a <a href="/wiki/System_on_a_chip" title="System on a chip">system on a chip</a> and further multiplies speed by integrating <a href="/wiki/Multi-core_processor" title="Multi-core processor">multiple cores</a>. Due to the very low power requirements it is a solution even for battery-powered applications. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Variants">Variants</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=FR-V_(microprocessor)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Variants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The family started with the FR-500, includes FR-300, FR-400, FR-450, FR-550 and FR1000 architecture <a href="/wiki/32-bit" class="mw-redirect" title="32-bit">32-bit</a> processors, can run <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>, <a href="/wiki/RTLinux" title="RTLinux">RTLinux</a>, <a href="/wiki/VxWorks" title="VxWorks">VxWorks</a>, <a href="/wiki/ECos" title="ECos">eCos</a>, or <a href="/wiki/ITRON" class="mw-redirect" title="ITRON">ITRON</a> and is also supported by the <a href="/wiki/Softune" title="Softune">Softune</a> <a href="/wiki/Integrated_development_environment" title="Integrated development environment">Integrated development environment</a> and the <a href="/wiki/GNU_Compiler_Collection" title="GNU Compiler Collection">GNU Compiler Collection</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or GNUPro. </p><p>It is often used for <a href="/wiki/Image_processor" title="Image processor">image processing</a> or <a href="/wiki/Video_scaler#Video_processor" title="Video scaler">video processing</a> with most variants including a dual <a href="/wiki/16-bit" class="mw-redirect" title="16-bit">16-bit</a> media-processor.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Technology">Technology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=FR-V_(microprocessor)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Technology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 2005 presented FR1000 uses a core with 8-way 256-bit <a href="/wiki/VLIW" class="mw-redirect" title="VLIW">VLIW</a> (<a href="/wiki/Multiple_instruction,_multiple_data" title="Multiple instruction, multiple data">MIMD</a>) filling its <a href="/wiki/Instruction_pipeline" class="mw-redirect" title="Instruction pipeline">superpipeline</a> as well as a 4-unit <a href="/wiki/Superscalar" class="mw-redirect" title="Superscalar">superscalar</a> architecture (<a href="/wiki/Arithmetic_logic_unit" title="Arithmetic logic unit">Integer (ALU)</a>-, <a href="/wiki/Floating-point_unit" title="Floating-point unit">Floating-point</a>- and two media-processor-units), further increasing its <a href="/wiki/Algorithm_efficiency" class="mw-redirect" title="Algorithm efficiency">peak performance</a> of each core to up to 28 <a href="/wiki/Instructions_per_cycle" title="Instructions per cycle">instructions per clock cycle</a>. Like other VLIW-architectures 1 way is needed to load the next 256-bit instruction: 7-ways usable. Due to the used 4-way <a href="/wiki/Single_instruction,_multiple_data" title="Single instruction, multiple data">single instruction, multiple data</a> (SIMD) <a href="/wiki/Vector_processor" title="Vector processor">vector processor</a>-core, it counts to up to 112 <a href="/wiki/Vector_processor#Description" title="Vector processor">data-operations per cycle</a> and core.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The included 4-way vector processor units are a <a href="/wiki/32-bit" class="mw-redirect" title="32-bit">32-bit</a> <a href="/wiki/Integer" title="Integer">integer</a> <a href="/wiki/Arithmetic_logic_unit" title="Arithmetic logic unit">arithmetic logic unit</a> and <a href="/wiki/Floating_point_unit" class="mw-redirect" title="Floating point unit">floating point unit</a> as well as a <a href="/wiki/16-bit" class="mw-redirect" title="16-bit">16-bit</a> media-processor, which can process up to twice the operations in parallel. </p><p>The included integer- and floating-point unit enables the FR-V to execute complex tasks fully independent without need for help from a <a href="/wiki/Electronic_control_unit" title="Electronic control unit">control unit</a>; for example the <a href="/wiki/Expeed" title="Expeed">Nikon Expeed</a> needs only a slowly clocked, quite simple <a href="/wiki/Fujitsu_FR" title="Fujitsu FR">Fujitsu FR</a> controller as the main control unit for all included FR-V, <a href="/wiki/Digital_signal_processor" title="Digital signal processor">DSP</a> and <a href="/wiki/GPU" class="mw-redirect" title="GPU">GPU</a> processors and <a href="/wiki/Data_communication" title="Data communication">data communication</a> and other modules. Some processors have integrated <a href="/wiki/Memory_management_unit" title="Memory management unit">memory management unit</a> (MMU), allowing to run <a href="/wiki/Virtual_memory" title="Virtual memory">virtual</a> <a href="/wiki/Computer_multitasking" title="Computer multitasking">multitasking</a> <a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">operating systems</a> (also <a href="/wiki/Real-time_operating_system" title="Real-time operating system">real-time operating systems</a>) with hardware <a href="/wiki/Memory_protection" title="Memory protection">memory protection</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Applications">Applications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=FR-V_(microprocessor)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Applications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>They are used to build the <a href="/wiki/Milbeaut" title="Milbeaut">Milbeaut</a> <a href="/wiki/Signal_processor" class="mw-redirect" title="Signal processor">signal processors</a> specialized for image processing,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with the newest version additionally including an FR-V based <a href="/wiki/High-definition_video" title="High-definition video">HD video</a> <a href="/wiki/H.264" class="mw-redirect" title="H.264">H.264</a> codec engine.<sup id="cite_ref-nexp3_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nexp3-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-f6_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-f6-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Milbeaut image engines are included in the <a href="/wiki/Leica_S2" title="Leica S2">Leica S2</a> and <a href="/wiki/Leica_M_(Typ_240)" title="Leica M (Typ 240)">Leica M (Typ 240)</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Nikon_DSLR" class="mw-redirect" title="Nikon DSLR">Nikon DSLRs</a> (see Nikon Expeed), some <a href="/wiki/Pentax_K_mount" class="mw-redirect" title="Pentax K mount">Pentax K mount</a><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> cameras and for the <a href="/wiki/Sigma_Corporation" title="Sigma Corporation">Sigma</a> True-II processor.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=FR-V_(microprocessor)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Color_image_pipeline" title="Color image pipeline">Color image pipeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Application-specific_integrated_circuit" title="Application-specific integrated circuit">ASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parallel_computing" title="Parallel computing">Parallel computing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SPARClite" title="SPARClite">SPARClite</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=FR-V_(microprocessor)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fujitsu.com/downloads/MAG/vol36-1/paper06.pdf">Fujitsu Scientific & Technical Journal: FR500 VLIW-architecture High-performance Embedded Microprocessor by Takao Sukemura</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080818033118/http://www.fujitsu.com/downloads/MAG/vol36-1/paper06.pdf">Archived</a> 2008-08-18 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ascii.jp/elem/000/000/346/346429/">8way VLIW CPU quad-core CPU</a> Fujitsu Laboratories (translated)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc-4.3.6/gcc/FR_002dV-Built_002din-Functions.html">FR-V Built-in Functions</a> GNU Compiler Collection</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wQ6r3UTivJgC&pg=PA425">The Definitive Guide to GCC By William von Hagen</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fujitsu.com/downloads/EDG/binary/pdf/find/23-2e/2.pdf">Media Processor FR-V Family SoC Mounting Peripheral</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924020505/http://www.fujitsu.com/downloads/EDG/binary/pdf/find/23-2e/2.pdf">Archived</a> 2015-09-24 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Fujitsu</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fujitsu.com/downloads/MAG/vol42-2/paper03.pdf">Fujitsu: FR-V single-chip multicore processor: FR1000</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150402150434/http://www.fujitsu.com/downloads/MAG/vol42-2/paper03.pdf">Archived</a> 2015-04-02 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fujitsu.com/global/news/pr/archives/month/2005/20050207-01.html">Fujitsu Develops Multi-core Processor for High-Performance Digital Consumer Products</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fujitsu.com/global/services/microelectronics/product/assp/milbeaut/">Fujitsu: Milbeaut Imaging Processors</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nexp3-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nexp3_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nikonusa.com/Learn-And-Explore/Photography-Glossary/A/1/EXPEED3-D-SLR-series.html">Nikon: EXPEED3 (D-SLR series)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120127002321/http://www.nikonusa.com/Learn-And-Explore/Photography-Glossary/A/1/EXPEED3-D-SLR-series.html">Archived</a> 2012-01-27 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-f6-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-f6_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150402154414/http://jp.fujitsu.com/group/fsl/en/release/20110208.html">"Fujitsu Releases 6th Generation of Milbeaut Imaging Processors"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jp.fujitsu.com/group/fsl/en/release/20110208.html">the original</a> on 2015-04-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-03-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fujitsu+Releases+6th+Generation+of+Milbeaut+Imaging+Processors&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjp.fujitsu.com%2Fgroup%2Ffsl%2Fen%2Frelease%2F20110208.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFR-V+%28microprocessor%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fujitsu.com/hk/news/pr/20080926.html">Fujitsu Microelectronics-Leica's Image Processing System Solution For High-End DSLR</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pentax-hack.info/documents/hardware.html">Pentax hack: Hardware info</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924101748/http://www.sigmauser.co.uk/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=405:true-strengths&catid=26">"Sigmauser: TRUE Strengths. Written by Stuart Dennison"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sigmauser.co.uk/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=405:true-strengths&catid=26">the original</a> on 2015-09-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-03-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sigmauser%3A+TRUE+Strengths.+Written+by+Stuart+Dennison&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sigmauser.co.uk%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3Darticle%26id%3D405%3Atrue-strengths%26catid%3D26&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFR-V+%28microprocessor%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=FR-V_(microprocessor)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/fr-400-instruction-man-ver-2-2-e/FR400_Instruction_man_ver2_2E.pdf"><i>FR400 Family instruction manual</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Fujitsu. 2004-01-01.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=FR400+Family+instruction+manual&rft.pub=Fujitsu&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ffr-400-instruction-man-ver-2-2-e%2FFR400_Instruction_man_ver2_2E.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFR-V+%28microprocessor%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKevin_BuettnerAlexandre_OlivaRichard_Henderson2008" class="citation book cs1">Kevin Buettner; Alexandre Oliva; Richard Henderson (2008-03-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120211173940/http://www.lsd.ic.unicamp.br/~oliva/writeups/FR-V/FDPIC-ABI.txt"><i>The FR-V FDPIC ABI</i></a>. Version 1.0b. Red Hat, Inc. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lsd.ic.unicamp.br/~oliva/writeups/FR-V/FDPIC-ABI.txt">the original</a> on 2012-02-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-04-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+FR-V+FDPIC+ABI&rft.series=Version+1.0b&rft.pub=Red+Hat%2C+Inc&rft.date=2008-03-01&rft.au=Kevin+Buettner&rft.au=Alexandre+Oliva&rft.au=Richard+Henderson&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lsd.ic.unicamp.br%2F~oliva%2Fwriteups%2FFR-V%2FFDPIC-ABI.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFR-V+%28microprocessor%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlexandre_OlivaAldy_Hernandez2004" class="citation book cs1">Alexandre Oliva; Aldy Hernandez (2004-12-10). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120211173947/http://www.lsd.ic.unicamp.br/~oliva/writeups/FR-V/FDPIC-ABI-TLS.txt"><i>The FR-V thread-local storage ABI</i></a>. Version 1.0. Red Hat, Inc. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lsd.ic.unicamp.br/~oliva/writeups/FR-V/FDPIC-ABI-TLS.txt">the original</a> on 2012-02-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-10-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+FR-V+thread-local+storage+ABI&rft.series=Version+1.0&rft.pub=Red+Hat%2C+Inc&rft.date=2004-12-10&rft.au=Alexandre+Oliva&rft.au=Aldy+Hernandez&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lsd.ic.unicamp.br%2F~oliva%2Fwriteups%2FFR-V%2FFDPIC-ABI-TLS.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFR-V+%28microprocessor%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAtsuhiro_SugaKunihiko_Matsunami2000" class="citation journal cs1">Atsuhiro Suga; Kunihiko Matsunami (July 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110720090106/http://www.ece.umd.edu/class/enee759m.S2002/papers/suga2000-micro20-4.pdf">"Introducing the FR500 embedded microprocessor"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>IEEE Micro</i>. <b>20</b> (4): 21–27. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1109%2F40.865863">10.1109/40.865863</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ece.umd.edu/class/enee759m.S2002/papers/suga2000-micro20-4.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2011-07-20.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IEEE+Micro&rft.atitle=Introducing+the+FR500+embedded+microprocessor&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=21-27&rft.date=2000-07&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1109%2F40.865863&rft.au=Atsuhiro+Suga&rft.au=Kunihiko+Matsunami&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ece.umd.edu%2Fclass%2Fenee759m.S2002%2Fpapers%2Fsuga2000-micro20-4.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFR-V+%28microprocessor%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jp.fujitsu.com/microelectronics/products/assp/frv/">FR-V multi-media (translated)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081228145259/http://jp.fujitsu.com/microelectronics/products/assp/frv/">Archived</a> 2008-12-28 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Microcontroller" title="Microcontroller">Microcontrollers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Main</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Single-board_microcontroller" title="Single-board microcontroller">Single-board microcontroller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_function_register" title="Special function register">Special function register</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Microarchitecture" title="Microarchitecture">Architectures</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Motorola_68000_series" title="Motorola 68000 series">68000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intel_8051" class="mw-redirect" title="Intel 8051">8051</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ARC_(processor)" title="ARC (processor)">ARC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ARM_architecture_family" title="ARM architecture family">ARM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AVR_microcontrollers" title="AVR microcontrollers">AVR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIPS_architecture" title="MIPS architecture">MIPS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TI_MSP430" title="TI MSP430">MPS430</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PIC_microcontrollers" title="PIC microcontrollers">PIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RISC-V" title="RISC-V">RISC-V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X86" title="X86">x86</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Word_(computer_architecture)" title="Word (computer architecture)">Word length</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/4-bit_computing" title="4-bit computing">4-bit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AMD_Am2900" title="AMD Am2900">Am2900</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COP400" title="COP400">COP400</a></li> <li>MARC4</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockwell_PPS-4" title="Rockwell PPS-4">PPS-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S1C6x" title="S1C6x">S1C6x</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toshiba_TLCS" title="Toshiba TLCS">TLCS-47</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Instruments_TMS1000" title="Texas Instruments TMS1000">TMS1000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%9CCOM-4" class="mw-redirect" title="ΜCOM-4">μCOM-4</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/8-bit_computing" title="8-bit computing">8-bit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Motorola_6800" title="Motorola 6800">6800</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Motorola_68HC05" title="Motorola 68HC05">68HC05</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motorola_68HC08" title="Motorola 68HC08">68HC08</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motorola_68HC11" title="Motorola 68HC11">68HC11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freescale_S08" class="mw-redirect" title="Freescale S08">S08</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freescale_RS08" title="Freescale RS08">RS08</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MOS_Technology_6502" title="MOS Technology 6502">6502</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WDC_65C134" title="WDC 65C134">65C134</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WDC_65C265" title="WDC 65C265">65C265</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_740" title="Mitsubishi 740">MELPS 740</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/78K" title="78K">78K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intel_MCS-48" title="Intel MCS-48">8048</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intel_8051" class="mw-redirect" title="Intel 8051">8051</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/XC800_family" title="XC800 family">XC800</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AVR_microcontrollers" title="AVR microcontrollers">AVR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COP8" title="COP8">COP8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H8_Family" title="H8 Family">H8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PIC_microcontroller" class="mw-redirect" title="PIC microcontroller">PIC10/12/16/17/18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ST6_and_ST7" title="ST6 and ST7">ST6/ST7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STM8" title="STM8">STM8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zilog_Z8" title="Zilog Z8">Z8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zilog_Z80" title="Zilog Z80">Z80</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zilog_eZ80" title="Zilog eZ80">eZ80</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabbit_2000" title="Rabbit 2000">Rabbit 2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toshiba_TLCS" title="Toshiba TLCS">TLCS-870</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/16-bit_computing" title="16-bit computing">16-bit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WDC_65C816" title="WDC 65C816">65C816</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freescale_68HC12" class="mw-redirect" title="Freescale 68HC12">68HC12</a>/<a href="/wiki/Freescale_68HC16" class="mw-redirect" title="Freescale 68HC16">16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intel_80186" title="Intel 80186">80186</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C166_family" title="C166 family">C166</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CompactRISC" title="CompactRISC">CR16/C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H8_Family" title="H8 Family">H8S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TI_MSP430" title="TI MSP430">MSP430</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PIC_microcontroller#PIC24_and_dsPIC" class="mw-redirect" title="PIC microcontroller">PIC24/dsPIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R8C" title="R8C">R8C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RL78" title="RL78">RL78</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toshiba_TLCS" title="Toshiba TLCS">TLCS-900</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zilog_Z8000" title="Zilog Z8000">Z8000</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/32-bit_computing" title="32-bit computing">32-bit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AMD_Am29000" title="AMD Am29000">Am29000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ARC_(processor)" title="ARC (processor)">ARC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_applications_of_ARM_cores" class="mw-redirect" title="List of applications of ARM cores">ARM</a> <a href="/wiki/ARM_Cortex-M" title="ARM Cortex-M">Cortex-M</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/EFM32" title="EFM32">EFM32</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NXP_LPC" title="NXP LPC">LPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atmel_ARM-based_processors" title="Atmel ARM-based processors">SAM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STM32" title="STM32">STM32</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infineon_XMC" title="Infineon XMC">XMC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ARM_Cortex-R" title="ARM Cortex-R">ARM Cortex-R</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AVR32" title="AVR32">AVR32</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CompactRISC" title="CompactRISC">CRX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fujitsu_FR" title="Fujitsu FR">FR</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">FR-V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H8_Family" title="H8 Family">H8SX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M32R" title="M32R">M32R</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MN103" title="MN103">MN103</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motorola_68000" title="Motorola 68000">68000</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NXP_ColdFire" title="NXP ColdFire">ColdFire</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PIC_microcontroller#PIC32MX" class="mw-redirect" title="PIC microcontroller">PIC32</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PowerPC" title="PowerPC">PowerPC</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MPC5xx" title="MPC5xx">MPC5xx</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parallax_Propeller" title="Parallax Propeller">Propeller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SuperH" title="SuperH">SuperH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toshiba_TLCS" title="Toshiba TLCS">TLCS-900</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infineon_TriCore" title="Infineon TriCore">TriCore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V850" title="V850">V850</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RX_microcontroller_family" class="mw-redirect" title="RX microcontroller family">RX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tensilica" title="Tensilica">Xtensa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zilog_Z80000" title="Zilog Z80000">Z80000</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/64-bit_computing" title="64-bit computing">64-bit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ARC_(processor)" title="ARC (processor)">ARC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ARM_Cortex-R" title="ARM Cortex-R">ARM Cortex-R</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PowerPC#64-bit_PowerPC" title="PowerPC">PowerPC64</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Interfaces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Programming</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/In-system_programming" title="In-system programming">In-circuit serial programming</a> (ICSP)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/In-system_programming" title="In-system programming">In-system programming</a> (ISP)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/AVR_microcontrollers#PDI" title="AVR microcontrollers">Program and Debug Interface</a> (PDI)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/AVR_microcontrollers#High_voltage_serial" title="AVR microcontrollers">High-voltage serial programming</a> (HVSP)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/AVR_microcontrollers#High_voltage_parallel" title="AVR microcontrollers">High voltage parallel programming</a> (HVPP)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/AVR_microcontrollers#Bootloader" title="AVR microcontrollers">Bootloader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AVR_microcontrollers#ROM" title="AVR microcontrollers">ROM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AVR_microcontrollers#aWire" title="AVR microcontrollers">aWire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Debugging</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_(standard)" title="Nexus (standard)">Nexus (standard)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JTAG" title="JTAG">Joint Test Action Group</a> (JTAG) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DebugWIRE" title="DebugWIRE">debugWIRE</a> (Atmel)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PIC_microcontroller#In-circuit_debugging" class="mw-redirect" title="PIC microcontroller">In-circuit debugging</a> (ICD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/In-circuit_emulation" title="In-circuit emulation">In-circuit emulator</a> (ICE)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/In-target_probe" title="In-target probe">In-target probe</a> (ITP)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_common_microcontrollers" title="List of common microcontrollers">List of common microcontrollers</a></li> <li>By manufacturer <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Intel_microprocessor#Microcontrollers" class="mw-redirect" title="Intel microprocessor">Intel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Freescale_products#Microcontrollers" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Freescale products">NXP/Freescale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_common_microcontrollers#Infineon" title="List of common microcontrollers">Infineon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renesas_Electronics#Products" title="Renesas Electronics">Renesas Electronics</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Wi-Fi_microcontrollers" title="List of Wi-Fi microcontrollers">List of Wi-Fi microcontrollers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Embedded_system" title="Embedded system">Embedded system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Programmable_logic_controller" title="Programmable logic controller">Programmable logic controller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_microprocessors" title="List of microprocessors">List of microprocessors</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- 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