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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Evolutionary history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Evolutionary_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Habitat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Habitat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Habitat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Habitat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Physiology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Physiology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Physiology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Physiology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reproduction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reproduction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Reproduction</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reproduction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Life_stages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Life_stages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Life stages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Life_stages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Diet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Diet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Diet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Diet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Predators" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Predators"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Predators</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Predators-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Behavior" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Behavior"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Behavior</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Behavior-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Behavior subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Behavior-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Acoustic_behavior" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Acoustic_behavior"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Acoustic behavior</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Acoustic_behavior-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Predatory_behavior" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Predatory_behavior"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Predatory behavior</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Predatory_behavior-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Subfamilies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Subfamilies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Subfamilies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Subfamilies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Hydrophilidae</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 33 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-33" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">33 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%81_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A1" title="إلف الماء – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إلف الماء" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8E%D0%B1%D1%8B" title="Вадалюбы – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Вадалюбы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidrof%C3%ADlids" title="Hidrofílids – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Hidrofílids" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrophilidae" title="Hydrophilidae – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Hydrophilidae" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vodomilovit%C3%AD" title="Vodomilovití – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Vodomilovití" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasserk%C3%A4fer" title="Wasserkäfer – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wasserkäfer" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%CA%BCosh_na%CA%BCa%C5%82k%C7%AB%CC%81%CA%BC%C3%AD" title="Chʼosh naʼałkǫ́ʼí – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Chʼosh naʼałkǫ́ʼí" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vesimardiklased" title="Vesimardiklased – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Vesimardiklased" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrophilidae" title="Hydrophilidae – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Hydrophilidae" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DA%A9%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%E2%80%8C%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%A2%D8%A8%DB%8C" title="سوسک‌های زباله‌گرد آبی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سوسک‌های زباله‌گرد آبی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrophilidae" title="Hydrophilidae – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Hydrophilidae" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidrof%C3%ADlidos" title="Hidrofílidos – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Hidrofílidos" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AC%BC%EB%95%A1%EB%95%A1%EC%9D%B4%EA%B3%BC" title="물땡땡이과 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="물땡땡이과" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrophilidae" title="Hydrophilidae – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Hydrophilidae" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%96%D2%A3%D0%BA%D3%99%D1%80_%D2%9B%D0%BE%D2%A3%D1%8B%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Суіңкәр қоңыздар – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Суіңкәр қоңыздар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrophilidae" title="Hydrophilidae – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Hydrophilidae" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%ABdravabaliai" title="Kūdravabaliai – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kūdravabaliai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Csiborf%C3%A9l%C3%A9k" title="Csiborfélék – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Csiborfélék" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A1" title="الف الماء – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الف الماء" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinnende_waterkevers" title="Spinnende waterkevers – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Spinnende waterkevers" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AC%E3%83%A0%E3%82%B7" title="ガムシ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ガムシ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vannkj%C3%A6r" title="Vannkjær – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Vannkjær" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dengiz_ilonlari" title="Dengiz ilonlari – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Dengiz ilonlari" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ka%C5%82u%C5%BCnicowate" title="Kałużnicowate – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kałużnicowate" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrophilidae" title="Hydrophilidae – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Hydrophilidae" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidrofilide" title="Hidrofilide – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Hidrofilide" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D0%B1%D1%8B" title="Водолюбы – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Водолюбы" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palpbaggar" title="Palpbaggar – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Palpbaggar" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrophilidae" title="Hydrophilidae – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Hydrophilidae" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D0%B1%D0%B8" title="Водолюби – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Водолюби" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E1%BB%8D_C%C3%A0_ni%E1%BB%85ng_r%C3%A2u_ng%E1%BA%AFn" title="Họ Cà niễng râu ngắn – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Họ Cà niễng râu ngắn" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrophilidae" title="Hydrophilidae – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Hydrophilidae" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%89%99%E8%9F%B2%E7%A7%91" title="牙蟲科 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="牙蟲科" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q839281#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hydrophilidae" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Hydrophilidae" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Family of beetles</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)">Hydrophilidae<br /><div style="font-size: 85%;">Temporal range: <span class="noprint"><span style="display:inline-block;"></span><span style="display:inline-block;">Late Jurassic–Recent</span> <span style="display:inline-block;"></span><div id="Timeline-row" style="margin: 4px auto 0; clear:both; width:220px; padding:0px; height:18px; overflow:visible; white-space:nowrap; border:1px #666; border-style:solid none; position:relative; z-index:0; font-size:97%;"> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; left:0px; width:207.23076923077px; padding-left:5px; text-align:left; background-color:rgb(254,217,106); background-image: linear-gradient(to right, rgba(255,255,255,1), rgba(254,217,106,1) 15%, rgba(254,217,106,1));"><a href="/wiki/Precambrian" title="Precambrian">PreꞒ</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(127,160,86); left:37.636923076923px; width:18.073846153846px;"><a href="/wiki/Cambrian" title="Cambrian">Ꞓ</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(0,146,112); left:55.710769230769px; width:14.08px;"><a href="/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician">O</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(179,225,182); left:69.790769230769px; width:8.3261538461539px;"><a href="/wiki/Silurian" title="Silurian">S</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(203,140,55); left:78.116923076923px; width:20.409230769231px;"><a href="/wiki/Devonian" title="Devonian">D</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(103,165,153); left:98.526153846154px; width:20.307692307692px;"><a href="/wiki/Carboniferous" title="Carboniferous">C</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(240,64,40); left:118.83384615385px; width:15.907015384615px;"><a href="/wiki/Permian" title="Permian">P</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(129,43,146); left:134.74086153846px; width:17.092984615385px;"><a href="/wiki/Triassic" title="Triassic">T</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(52,178,201); left:151.83384615385px; width:19.089230769231px;"><a href="/wiki/Jurassic" title="Jurassic">J</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(127,198,78); left:170.92307692308px; width:26.738461538462px;"><a href="/wiki/Cretaceous" title="Cretaceous">K</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(253,154,82); left:197.66153846154px; width:14.543692307692px;"><a href="/wiki/Paleogene" title="Paleogene">Pg</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(255,230,25); left:212.20523076923px; width:6.9215384615385px;"><a href="/wiki/Neogene" title="Neogene">N</a></div> <div id="end-border" style="position:absolute; height:100%; background-color:#666; width:1px; left:219px"></div><div style="margin:0 auto; line-height:0; clear:both; width:220px; padding:0px; height:8px; overflow:visible; background-color:transparent; position:relative; top:-4px; z-index:100;"><div style="position:absolute; height:8px; left:165.33846153846px; width:54.661538461538px; background-color:#360; opacity:0.42;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:8px; left:165.33846153846px; width:54.661538461538px; background-color:#360; opacity:1;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:6px; top:1px; left:166.33846153846px; width:52.661538461538px; background-color:#6c3;"></div> </div> </div></span></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Gro%C3%9Fer_Kolbenwasserk%C3%A4fer_Hydrous_piceus_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Gro%C3%9Fer_Kolbenwasserk%C3%A4fer_Hydrous_piceus_1.jpg/220px-Gro%C3%9Fer_Kolbenwasserk%C3%A4fer_Hydrous_piceus_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Gro%C3%9Fer_Kolbenwasserk%C3%A4fer_Hydrous_piceus_1.jpg/330px-Gro%C3%9Fer_Kolbenwasserk%C3%A4fer_Hydrous_piceus_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Gro%C3%9Fer_Kolbenwasserk%C3%A4fer_Hydrous_piceus_1.jpg/440px-Gro%C3%9Fer_Kolbenwasserk%C3%A4fer_Hydrous_piceus_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="981" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%"><i><a href="/wiki/Hydrophilus_piceus" title="Hydrophilus piceus">Hydrophilus piceus</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Hydrophilidae" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Domain: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eukaryote" title="Eukaryote">Eukaryota</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Phylum: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arthropod" title="Arthropod">Arthropoda</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Class: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Insect" title="Insect">Insecta</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Beetle" title="Beetle">Coleoptera</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Suborder: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Polyphaga" title="Polyphaga">Polyphaga</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Infraorder: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Staphyliniformia" title="Staphyliniformia">Staphyliniformia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Superfamily: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hydrophiloidea" title="Hydrophiloidea">Hydrophiloidea</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Family: </td> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hydrophilidae</a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Andr%C3%A9_Latreille" title="Pierre André Latreille">Latreille</a>, 1802</small> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)">Genera </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <p>169 </p> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p><b>Hydrophilidae</b>, also known colloquially as <b>water scavenger beetles</b>, is a <a href="/wiki/Family_(biology)" title="Family (biology)">family</a> of <a href="/wiki/Beetle" title="Beetle">beetles</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bugguide_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bugguide-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aquatic hydrophilids are notable for their long <a href="/wiki/Maxilla" title="Maxilla">maxillary</a> palps, which are longer than their <a href="/wiki/Antenna_(biology)" title="Antenna (biology)">antennae</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several of the former <a href="/wiki/Subfamily" title="Subfamily">subfamilies</a> of Hydrophilidae have recently been removed and elevated to family rank; <a href="/wiki/Epimetopidae" title="Epimetopidae">Epimetopidae</a>, <a href="/wiki/Georissidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Georissidae">Georissidae</a> (= Georyssidae), <a href="/wiki/Helophoridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Helophoridae">Helophoridae</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hydrochidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Hydrochidae">Hydrochidae</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Spercheidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Spercheidae">Spercheidae</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bugguide_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bugguide-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While the majority of hydrophilids are aquatic, around a third of described species are terrestrial, mostly belonging to the subfamily <a href="/wiki/Sphaeridiinae" title="Sphaeridiinae">Sphaeridiinae</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With rare exceptions, the <a href="/wiki/Larva" title="Larva">larvae</a> are predatory while the adults may be herbivores or predators in addition to scavenging.<sup id="cite_ref-mdc_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mdc-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many species are able to produce sounds.<sup id="cite_ref-Ryker_1976_147–156_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ryker_1976_147–156-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Species of <i><a href="/wiki/Hydrophilus_(beetle)" title="Hydrophilus (beetle)">Hydrophilus</a></i> are reported as pests in <a href="/wiki/Fish_hatchery" title="Fish hatchery">fish hatcheries</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-mdc_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mdc-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other species are voracious consumers of <a href="/wiki/Mosquito" title="Mosquito">mosquito</a> larvae, and have potential as <a href="/wiki/Biological_control" class="mw-redirect" title="Biological control">biological control</a> agents.<sup id="cite_ref-mdc_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mdc-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This beetle family contains 2,835 species in 169 genera.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hydrophilidae&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hydrophilid beetles are found worldwide.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the Americas, they are usually found in areas of high humidity such as the tropics of Central and South America. They can also be found in rain pools and ponds in the forests of <a href="/wiki/Guacamole" title="Guacamole">Guatemala</a> and <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They also tend to exist in <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a> in areas with seasonal wetlands or lakes depending on the state.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Hydrophilus_triangularis" title="Hydrophilus triangularis">Hydrophilus triangularis</a></i> is found widely throughout the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> and is the biggest water beetle in the country. The family Hydrophilidae has been reported in every state in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-bugguide_distribution_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bugguide_distribution-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Evolutionary_history">Evolutionary history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hydrophilidae&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Evolutionary history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The oldest known <a href="/wiki/Fossil" title="Fossil">fossils</a> definitively assignable to the family are from the Late Jurassic <a href="/wiki/Solnhofen_Limestone" title="Solnhofen Limestone">Solnhofen</a> of <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> and <a href="/wiki/Talbragar_fossil_site" title="Talbragar fossil site">Talbragar Fish Bed</a> in <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Habitat">Habitat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hydrophilidae&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Habitat"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A majority of the beetles in the family Hydrophilidae live in aquatic environments in both their larval and adult life stages. Some hydrophilid beetles will lay their <a href="/wiki/Egg" title="Egg">eggs</a> in ephemeral ponds and puddles where the larvae will live as they develop.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other beetles such as <i>Derralus angustus</i> and <i>Tropisternus setiger</i> live in permanent ponds. Some beetles such as <i><a href="/wiki/Tropisternus_lateralis" title="Tropisternus lateralis">Tropisternus lateralis</a></i> will only live in aquatic environments that lack <a href="/wiki/Fish" title="Fish">fish</a> because fish prey on their eggs, while others like <i>D. angustus</i> prefer aquatic habitats with a specific species of <a href="/wiki/Salvinia_natans" title="Salvinia natans">floating fern</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Generally, hydrophilids live in marshy, shallow, and heavily weeded aquatic environments.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are some hydrophilid beetles that make their homes in fresh animal waste, decaying vegetation, or humus-rich soil.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They survive in a very wide variety of locations and because of that some types are more adapted to specific environments than others and will often only move to habitats of the same type.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Physiology">Physiology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hydrophilidae&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Physiology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Reproduction" title="Reproduction">Reproduction</a> in hydrophilids takes place in bodies of water such as ponds. In the larval stage the beetle resides in a shallow area of the pond because they are dependent on the <a href="/wiki/Oxygen" title="Oxygen">oxygen</a> only available in the shallower areas. After the beetle exits the <a href="/wiki/Pupa" title="Pupa">pupa</a> stage they often take flight and move to a new area before they reproduce.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wing growth depends on the environment that the beetle resides in. Beetles in <a href="/wiki/Lentic" class="mw-redirect" title="Lentic">lentic</a> habitats have better wing development compared to <a href="/wiki/Lotic" class="mw-redirect" title="Lotic">lotic</a> habitats because lentic habitats are less reliable and require the beetles to disperse quicker in order to survive.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some beetles such as <a href="/wiki/Berosus_(beetle)" title="Berosus (beetle)"><i>Berosus</i></a> larvae can inhabit areas deeper in the water due to their thoracic gills while others like <i>Berosus ingeminatus</i> use <a href="/wiki/Cutaneous_respiration" title="Cutaneous respiration">cutaneous respiration</a> allowing them to hold air for longer periods of time. The ability to consume oxygen at deeper water levels helps them avoid being preyed upon from surface predators.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Larvae use two main types of feeding mechanism, chewing and piercing-sucking, with the latter evolving at least three times independently in Hydrophilidae and once in <a href="/wiki/Epimetopidae" title="Epimetopidae">Epimetopidae</a> and allowing underwater extra-oral digestion, decreasing dependence on aerial environments.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Adult hydrophilid beetles can survive in deeper areas of water and stay under for longer due to their special abilities in acquiring oxygen. They can hold air bubbles under their <a href="/wiki/Elytron" title="Elytron">elytra</a> that connect to their <a href="/wiki/Spiracle_(arthropods)" title="Spiracle (arthropods)">spiracles</a> for them to use the trapped oxygen.<sup id="cite_ref-Short_187_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Short_187-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They also have many fine hairs along their bodies that can trap oxygen. They can pull oxygen from the water into these areas on their body so that they can avoid returning to the surface for long periods of time. They only return to the surface when they need to replace the air they have acquired.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reproduction">Reproduction</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hydrophilidae&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Reproduction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some species of hydrophilid beetles in the genus <i><a href="/wiki/Tropisternus" title="Tropisternus">Tropisternus</a></i> have complex methods of signaling and communication including chirps, clicks, buzzing, and various body postures. These behaviors can assist in courtship. <a href="/wiki/Courtship_display" title="Courtship display">Courtship behaviors</a> have been observed in <i>Tropisternus ellipticus</i> in which the females produced audible buzzing and shaking to rebuff potential suitors. In response to the rejection maneuvers of the female, male <i>T. ellipticus</i> will mimic the buzzing and shaking, often learning from repeated encounters of this kind to avoid females that produce these behaviors. Males may remember these encounters for up to 39 minutes when properly reinforced, which suggests that they have some capability for recording short-term memory.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Typical courtship in these beetles consists of the following steps: </p><p>1. The male approaches the female, buzzing and swimming around her. </p><p>2. If the female is receptive, she will either chirp in response and move toward the male or remain still and silent. No rejection behavior occurs at this time. </p><p>3. The male approaches further and mounts the female. </p><p>4. The male will touch his maxillary <a href="/wiki/Pedipalp" title="Pedipalp">palps</a> to that of the female while producing a buzzing sound. </p><p>5. If the female does not rebuff his advances, the male with move to the back and probe the abdomen of the female with his <a href="/wiki/Aedeagus" title="Aedeagus">aedeagus</a>. </p><p>6. If she is receptive, the female must lower her abdomen for the male to penetrate. </p><p>Males mount other beetles indiscriminately, and homosexual copulation has been known to occur.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/Anacaena_lutescens" title="Anacaena lutescens">Anacaena lutescens</a></i>, a species of hydrophilid beetle, has been observed as reproducing via <a href="/wiki/Parthenogenesis" title="Parthenogenesis">parthenogenesis</a>. Reproduction by parthenogenesis is relatively uncommon in other types of insects.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life_stages">Life stages</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hydrophilidae&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Life stages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <i>Enochrus quadripunctatus</i>, a species of hydrophilid beetle, it takes an average of 43 days for a newly hatched larva to reach its adult form. Juvenile mortality is high in this species, decreasing with each successive <a href="/wiki/Instar" title="Instar">instar</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Females will bury their silken egg case in the damp soil near a stream. Typically, the female will only create and lay one egg case per day, though they may create up to 20 egg cases in the weeks following a mating event and each case may produce from 1-32 individual larva. Females who have not mated will still create egg cases, but they will typically be empty or will not hatch at all. Not all egg cases laid by a mated female will hatch and produce viable offspring, but 42-70% will. Larval forms are carnivorous and may exhibit <a href="/wiki/Cannibalism" title="Cannibalism">cannibalism</a> among the individuals in a single egg case before hatching. The eggs begin to hatch an average of eight days after being laid. The egg hatches by way of the larvae eating their way out of the casing, usually by way of the lid. This process can take several days in some instances. Once the egg hatches, the first instar <a href="/wiki/Larva" title="Larva">larvae</a> will disperse, but will continue to feed on one another if the opportunity presents itself. They will remain in the first instar form for an average of 9.5 days before progressing to the second instar. Second instar individuals are much more robust, and voraciously feed on what meat they can find. They are strong swimmers at this stage and can be found at or beneath the surface of the stream. After an average of 11 days, they will transition to their third instar form. The third instar will last an average of 8.4 days, during which the larvae will continue feeding and become progressively slower as they reach their <a href="/wiki/Pupa" title="Pupa">pupation</a> stage. When they are ready to pupate, the larva will burrow into the sand where they will remain for 14 days before emerging as an adult. After vacating their burrow, the new adult will stand on the sand for up to 24 hours to allow its <a href="/wiki/Carapace" title="Carapace">carapace</a> to harden. Once fully hardened, the new fully grown adult beetle will travel to the water to hunt, where it will remain for the rest of its life.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although individuals of each species of hydrophilid (even those within the same <a href="/wiki/Genus" title="Genus">genus</a>) may vary in the duration of each of these life stages, mortality rates at each stage, and the number of offspring produced, few studies have been done to this effect on other species of hydrophilid.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Diet">Diet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hydrophilidae&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Diet"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Larval hydrophilids are predatory by nature and different species have different food consumption habits. The larvae usually ingest small <a href="/wiki/Invertebrate" title="Invertebrate">invertebrates</a> and <a href="/wiki/Snail" title="Snail">snails</a> but have been known to also eat small <a href="/wiki/Fish" title="Fish">fish</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tadpole" title="Tadpole">tadpoles</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Berosus ingeminatus</i> prey mostly on <i><a href="/wiki/Cricotopus_sylvestris" title="Cricotopus sylvestris">Cricotopus sylvestris</a></i> and other types of <a href="/wiki/Midge" title="Midge">midges</a> while <i>Tropisternus setiger</i> are tactile hunters and will eat whatever prey comes their way; they may even abandon a meal for a new one if the opportunity arises.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The predatory habits of this species are often left behind in the larval stage. Generally adult hydrophilids feed on various vegetation, alive or decaying, and will occasionally eat dead animal tissue.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_17-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Predators">Predators</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hydrophilidae&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Predators"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hydrophilids have many predators from a range of different species. Fish, birds, predaceous insects, and turtles are the main predators in their aquatic environments. Humans have also been known to eat hydrophilid beetles.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Behavior">Behavior</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hydrophilidae&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Behavior"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Acoustic_behavior">Acoustic behavior</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hydrophilidae&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Acoustic behavior"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Member of the genus <i><a href="/wiki/Tropisternus" title="Tropisternus">Tropisternus</a></i> have been shown to perform acoustic sounds in their communicative behavior. Specific calls include stress calls, a male courtship call, a male copulating sound, and a female rejection buzz.<sup id="cite_ref-Ryker_1976_147–156_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ryker_1976_147–156-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The sound production comes from the friction created by the beetle rubbing its spectrum (a well- defined ridge or lip) to its finely ridged surface called a pars <a href="/wiki/Stridulation" title="Stridulation">stridens</a> on the beetle's underside.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Predatory_behavior">Predatory behavior</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hydrophilidae&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Predatory behavior"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Larval hydrophilids hunt a wide variety of prey such as <a href="/wiki/Copepod" title="Copepod">copepods</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mosquito" title="Mosquito">mosquito</a> larvae, <a href="/wiki/Snail" title="Snail">snails</a>, and conspecifics.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The larvae have a unique way of hunting by lifting their prey out of the water to consume it. The reason for this is not well known, but there is a suggestion that lifting the prey makes it more difficult for the prey to escape.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_27-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition to lifting their prey out of the water, hydrophilid larvae choose specific vegetation to wait in so that they may ambush their prey.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, the larvae often change ambush sites according to prey density. The frequency is directly correlated to the amount of prey in the ambush areas and specific attack sites.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Subfamilies">Subfamilies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hydrophilidae&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Subfamilies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The classification to subfamilies and tribes was revised by Short and Fikáček in 2013:<sup id="cite_ref-:6_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acidocerini" class="mw-redirect" title="Acidocerini">Acidocerinae</a> (revised by Girón and Short <sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaetarthriinae" title="Chaetarthriinae">Chaetarthriinae</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cylominae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cylominae (page does not exist)">Cylominae</a> (as Rygmodinae in;<sup id="cite_ref-:6_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> see <sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enochrinae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Enochrinae (page does not exist)">Enochrinae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydrophilinae" title="Hydrophilinae">Hydrophilinae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sphaeridiinae" title="Sphaeridiinae">Sphaeridiinae</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hydrophilidae&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Hydrochara_caraboides" class="mw-redirect" title="Hydrochara caraboides">Hydrochara caraboides</a></i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hydrophilidae&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Short, A. E. Z. Fikáček, M. 2011: World catalogue of the Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera): additions and corrections II (2006–2010). <i>Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae</i>, <b>51</b>(1): 83-122. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120226204526/http://www.aemnp.eu/PDF/51_1/ShortFikacekLQ.pdf">PDF</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hydrophilidae&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-bugguide-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bugguide_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bugguide_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bugguide.net/node/view/9594">"BugGuide: Family Hydrophilidae – Water Scavenger Beetles"</a>. bugguide.net<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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(2021-06-18). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8233300">"The Acidocerinae (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae): taxonomy, classification, and catalog of species"</a>. <i>ZooKeys</i> (1045): 1–236. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2021ZooK.1045....1G">2021ZooK.1045....1G</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3897%2Fzookeys.1045.63810">10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1313-2970">1313-2970</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8233300">8233300</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34228772">34228772</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ZooKeys&rft.atitle=The+Acidocerinae+%28Coleoptera%2C+Hydrophilidae%29%3A+taxonomy%2C+classification%2C+and+catalog+of+species&rft.issue=1045&rft.pages=1-236&rft.date=2021-06-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC8233300%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2021ZooK.1045....1G&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F34228772&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3897%2Fzookeys.1045.63810&rft.issn=1313-2970&rft.aulast=Gir%C3%B3n&rft.aufirst=Jennifer+C.&rft.au=Short%2C+Andrew+Edward+Z.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC8233300&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHydrophilidae" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSeidelArriaga-VarelaFikáček2016" class="citation journal cs1">Seidel, M.; Arriaga-Varela, E.; Fikáček, M. (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biotaxa.org/AEMNP/article/view/22807/21741">"Establishment of Cylominae Zaitzev, 1908 as a valid name for the subfamily Rygmodinae Orchymont, 1916 with an updated list of genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Acta_Entomologica_Musei_Nationalis_Pragae" title="Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae">Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae</a></i>. <b>56</b>: 159–165.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Acta+Entomologica+Musei+Nationalis+Pragae&rft.atitle=Establishment+of+Cylominae+Zaitzev%2C+1908+as+a+valid+name+for+the+subfamily+Rygmodinae+Orchymont%2C+1916+with+an+updated+list+of+genera+%28Coleoptera%3A+Hydrophilidae%29&rft.volume=56&rft.pages=159-165&rft.date=2016&rft.aulast=Seidel&rft.aufirst=M.&rft.au=Arriaga-Varela%2C+E.&rft.au=Fik%C3%A1%C4%8Dek%2C+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.biotaxa.org%2FAEMNP%2Farticle%2Fview%2F22807%2F21741&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHydrophilidae" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hydrophilidae&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Hydrophilidae" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Hydrophilidae">Hydrophilidae</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikispecies-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/14px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/20px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/27px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="941" data-file-height="1103" /></a></span> Data related to <a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Hydrophilidae" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Hydrophilidae">Hydrophilidae</a> at Wikispecies</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_L._Foltz2001" class="citation web cs1">John L. Foltz (June 8, 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070502113320/http://eny3005.ifas.ufl.edu/lab1/Coleoptera/Hydrophilid.htm">"Family Identification – Hydrophilidae"</a>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Florida" title="University of Florida">University of Florida</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eny3005.ifas.ufl.edu/lab1/Coleoptera/Hydrophilid.htm">the original</a> on May 2, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Family+Identification+%E2%80%93+Hydrophilidae&rft.pub=University+of+Florida&rft.date=2001-06-08&rft.au=John+L.+Foltz&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feny3005.ifas.ufl.edu%2Flab1%2FColeoptera%2FHydrophilid.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHydrophilidae" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output 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title="Holometabola">Holometabola</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Suborder_Archostemata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Suborder <a href="/wiki/Archostemata" title="Archostemata">Archostemata</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crowsoniella" title="Crowsoniella">Crowsoniellidae <small>(<i>Crowsoniella relicta</i>)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cupedidae" title="Cupedidae">Cupedidae <small>(reticulated beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jurodidae" title="Jurodidae">Jurodidae <small>(<i>Sikhotealinia zhiltzovae</i>)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micromalthidae" title="Micromalthidae">Micromalthidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ommatidae" title="Ommatidae">Ommatidae</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Suborder_Adephaga" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Suborder <a href="/wiki/Adephaga" title="Adephaga">Adephaga</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Extant_families" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Extant_taxon" class="mw-redirect" title="Extant taxon">Extant</a> families</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphizoa" title="Amphizoa">Amphizoidae <small>(trout-stream beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aspidytidae" title="Aspidytidae">Aspidytidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ground_beetle" title="Ground beetle">Carabidae <small>(ground beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiger_beetle" title="Tiger beetle">Cicindelidae <small>(tiger beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dytiscidae" title="Dytiscidae">Dytiscidae <small>(predaceous diving beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whirligig_beetle" title="Whirligig beetle">Gyrinidae <small>(whirligig beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haliplidae" title="Haliplidae">Haliplidae <small>(crawling water beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hygrobia" title="Hygrobia">Hygrobiidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meru_phyllisae" title="Meru phyllisae">Meruidae <small>(<i>Meru phyllisae</i>)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noteridae" title="Noteridae">Noteridae <small>(burrowing water beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trachypachidae" title="Trachypachidae">Trachypachidae <small>(false ground beetles)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Suborder_Myxophaga" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Suborder <a href="/wiki/Myxophaga" title="Myxophaga">Myxophaga</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hydroscaphidae" title="Hydroscaphidae">Hydroscaphidae <small>(skiff beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lepicerus" title="Lepicerus">Lepiceridae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sphaerius" title="Sphaerius">Sphaeriusidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torridincolidae" title="Torridincolidae">Torridincolidae</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Suborder_Polyphaga" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Suborder <a href="/wiki/Polyphaga" title="Polyphaga">Polyphaga</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bostrichiformia" title="Bostrichiformia">Bostrichiformia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Bostrichoidea" title="Bostrichoidea">Bostrichoidea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bostrichidae" title="Bostrichidae">Bostrichidae <small>(auger beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dermestidae" title="Dermestidae">Dermestidae <small>(skin beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endecatomus" title="Endecatomus">Endecatomidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacobsoniidae" title="Jacobsoniidae">Jacobsoniidae <small>(Jacobson's beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nosodendridae" title="Nosodendridae">Nosodendridae <small>(wounded-tree beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptinidae" title="Ptinidae">Ptiniidae <small>(furniture beetles, death watch beetles, spider beetles)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Derodontidae" title="Derodontidae">Derodontoidea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Derodontidae" title="Derodontidae">Derodontidae <small>(tooth-necked fungus beetles)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cucujiformia" title="Cucujiformia">Cucujiformia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Chrysomeloidea" title="Chrysomeloidea">Chrysomeloidea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Longhorn_beetle" title="Longhorn beetle">Cerambycidae <small>(longhorn beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leaf_beetle" title="Leaf beetle">Chrysomelidae <small>(leaf beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disteniidae" title="Disteniidae">Disteniidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megalopodidae" title="Megalopodidae">Megalopodidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orsodacnidae" title="Orsodacnidae">Orsodacnidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxypeltidae" title="Oxypeltidae">Oxypeltidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vesperidae" title="Vesperidae">Vesperidae</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Cleroidea" title="Cleroidea">Cleroidea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acanthocnemus" title="Acanthocnemus">Acanthocnemidae <small>(<i>Acanthocnemus nigricans</i>)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biphyllidae" title="Biphyllidae">Biphyllidae <small>(false skin beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byturidae" title="Byturidae">Byturidae <small>(fruitworm beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaetosomatidae" title="Chaetosomatidae">Chaetosomatidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleridae" title="Cleridae">Cleridae <small>(checkered beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lophocateridae" title="Lophocateridae">Lophocateridae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauroniscidae" title="Mauroniscidae">Mauroniscidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melyridae" title="Melyridae">Melyridae <small>(soft-wing flower beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metaxina" title="Metaxina">Metaxinidae <small>(<i>Metaxina ornata</i>)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peltis" title="Peltis">Peltidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phloiophilus" title="Phloiophilus">Phloiophilidae <small>(<i>Phloiophilus edwardsi</i>)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phycosecidae" title="Phycosecidae">Phycosecidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prionoceridae" title="Prionoceridae">Prionoceridae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protopeltis" title="Protopeltis">Protopeltidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rentoniidae" title="Rentoniidae">Rentoniidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhadalidae" title="Rhadalidae">Rhadalidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thanerocleridae" title="Thanerocleridae">Thanerocleridae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thymalidae" title="Thymalidae">Thymalidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trogossitidae" title="Trogossitidae">Trogossitidae <small>(bark-gnawing beetles)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Coccinelloidea" title="Coccinelloidea">Coccinelloidea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akalyptoischion" title="Akalyptoischion">Akalyptoischiidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexiidae" title="Alexiidae">Alexiidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anamorphidae" title="Anamorphidae">Anamorphidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bothrideridae" title="Bothrideridae">Bothrideridae <small>(dry bark beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerylonidae" title="Cerylonidae">Cerylonidae <small>(minute bark beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coccinellidae" title="Coccinellidae">Coccinellidae <small>(lady beetles, or God's cows)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corylophidae" title="Corylophidae">Corylophidae <small>(minute fungus beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discolomatidae" title="Discolomatidae">Discolomatidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endomychidae" title="Endomychidae">Endomychidae <small>(handsome fungus beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eupsilobiidae" title="Eupsilobiidae">Eupsilobiidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euxestidae" title="Euxestidae">Euxestidae <small>(well polished beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latridiidae" title="Latridiidae">Latridiidae <small>(minute brown scavenger beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murmidiidae" title="Murmidiidae">Murmidiidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mycetaeidae" title="Mycetaeidae">Mycetaeidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teredidae" title="Teredidae">Teredidae</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Cucujoidea" title="Cucujoidea">Cucujoidea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agapytho" title="Agapytho">Agapythidae <small>(<i>Agapytho foveicollis</i>)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boganiidae" title="Boganiidae">Boganiidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavognathidae" title="Cavognathidae">Cavognathidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cryptophagidae" title="Cryptophagidae">Cryptophagidae <small>(silken fungus beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cucujidae" title="Cucujidae">Cucujidae <small>(flat bark beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cybocephalidae" title="Cybocephalidae">Cybocephalidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclaxyridae" title="Cyclaxyridae">Cyclaxyridae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotylidae" title="Erotylidae">Erotylidae <small>(pleasing fungus beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helotidae" title="Helotidae">Helotidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hobartiidae" title="Hobartiidae">Hobartiidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kateretidae" title="Kateretidae">Kateretidae <small>(short-winged flower beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laemophloeidae" title="Laemophloeidae">Laemophloeidae <small>(lined flat bark beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamingtonium" title="Lamingtonium">Lamingtoniidae <small>(<i>Lamingtonium binnaberrense</i>)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monotomidae" title="Monotomidae">Monotomidae <small>(root-eating beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myraboliidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Myraboliidae">Myraboliidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sap_beetle" title="Sap beetle">Nitidulidae <small>(sap beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passandridae" title="Passandridae">Passandridae <small>(parasitic flat bark beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phalacridae" title="Phalacridae">Phalacridae <small>(shining flower beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phloeostichidae" title="Phloeostichidae">Phloeostichidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priasilphidae" title="Priasilphidae">Priasilphidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propalticidae" title="Propalticidae">Propalticidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protocucujidae" title="Protocucujidae">Protocucujidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silvanidae" title="Silvanidae">Silvanidae <small>(silvanid flat bark beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smicripidae" title="Smicripidae">Smicripidae <small>(palmetto beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sphindidae" title="Sphindidae">Sphindidae <small>(dry-fungus beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tasmosalpingus" title="Tasmosalpingus">Tasmosalpingidae</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Weevil" title="Weevil">Curculionoidea</a><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span class="nobold">(weevils)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anthribidae" title="Anthribidae">Anthribidae <small>(fungus weevils)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attelabidae" title="Attelabidae">Attelabidae <small>(leaf-rolling weevils)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belidae" title="Belidae">Belidae <small>(primitive weevils)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brentidae" title="Brentidae">Brentidae <small>(straight snout weevils, New York weevil)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caridae" title="Caridae">Caridae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curculionidae" title="Curculionidae">Curculionidae <small>(true weevils, bark beetles, ambrosia beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemonychidae" title="Nemonychidae">Nemonychidae <small>(pine flower weevils)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Lymexylidae" title="Lymexylidae">Lymexyloidea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lymexylidae" title="Lymexylidae">Lymexylidae <small>(ship-timber beetles)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Tenebrionoidea" title="Tenebrionoidea">Tenebrionoidea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aderidae" title="Aderidae">Aderidae <small>(ant-like leaf beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthicidae" title="Anthicidae">Anthicidae <small>(ant-like flower beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archeocrypticidae" title="Archeocrypticidae">Archeocrypticidae <small>(cryptic fungus beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boridae" title="Boridae">Boridae <small>(conifer bark beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalcodryidae" title="Chalcodryidae">Chalcodryidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciidae" title="Ciidae">Ciidae <small>(minute tree-fungus beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melandryidae" title="Melandryidae">Melandryidae <small>(false darkling beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blister_beetle" title="Blister beetle">Meloidae <small>(blister beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mordellidae" title="Mordellidae">Mordellidae <small>(tumbling flower beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mycetophagidae" title="Mycetophagidae">Mycetophagidae <small>(hairy fungus beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mycteridae" title="Mycteridae">Mycteridae <small>(palm and flower beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oedemeridae" title="Oedemeridae">Oedemeridae <small>(false blister beetle)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perimylopidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Perimylopidae">Perimylopidae, or Promecheilidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostomidae" title="Prostomidae">Prostomidae <small>(jugular-horned beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pterogeniidae" title="Pterogeniidae">Pterogeniidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire-coloured_beetle" title="Fire-coloured beetle">Pyrochroidae <small>(fire-coloured beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pythidae" title="Pythidae">Pythidae <small>(dead log bark beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ripiphoridae" title="Ripiphoridae">Ripiphoridae <small>(wedge-shaped beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salpingidae" title="Salpingidae">Salpingidae <small>(narrow-waisted bark beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scraptiidae" title="Scraptiidae">Scraptiidae <small>(false flower beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stenotrachelidae" title="Stenotrachelidae">Stenotrachelidae <small>(false longhorn beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synchroidae" title="Synchroidae">Synchroidae <small>(synchroa bark beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darkling_beetle" title="Darkling beetle">Tenebrionidae <small>(darkling beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetratomidae" title="Tetratomidae">Tetratomidae <small>(polypore fungus beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trictenotomidae" title="Trictenotomidae">Trictenotomidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulodidae" title="Ulodidae">Ulodidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zopheridae" title="Zopheridae">Zopheridae <small>(ironclad beetles, cylindrical bark beetles)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Elateriformia" title="Elateriformia">Elateriformia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Buprestoidea" title="Buprestoidea">Buprestoidea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buprestidae" title="Buprestidae">Buprestidae <small>(jewel beetles, or metallic wood-boring beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schizopodidae" title="Schizopodidae">Schizopodidae</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Byrrhoidea" title="Byrrhoidea">Byrrhoidea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Byrrhidae" title="Byrrhidae">Byrrhidae <small>(pill beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Callirhipidae" title="Callirhipidae">Callirhipidae <small>(cedar beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chelonariidae" title="Chelonariidae">Chelonariidae <small>(turtle beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cneoglossidae" title="Cneoglossidae">Cneoglossidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dryopidae" title="Dryopidae">Dryopidae <small>(long-toed water beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elmidae" title="Elmidae">Elmidae <small>(riffle beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eulichadidae" title="Eulichadidae">Eulichadidae <small>(forest stream beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heteroceridae" title="Heteroceridae">Heteroceridae <small>(variegated mud-loving beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limnichidae" title="Limnichidae">Limnichidae <small>(minute mud beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lutrochidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutrochidae">Lutrochidae <small>(travertine beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water-penny_beetles" class="mw-redirect" title="Water-penny beetles">Psephenidae <small>(water-penny beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptilodactylidae" title="Ptilodactylidae">Ptilodactylidae</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Dascilloidea" title="Dascilloidea">Dascilloidea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dascillidae" title="Dascillidae">Dascillidae <small>(soft bodied plant beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhipiceridae" title="Rhipiceridae">Rhipiceridae <small>(cicada beetle, cicada parasite beetles)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Elateroidea" title="Elateroidea">Elateroidea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artematopodidae" title="Artematopodidae">Artematopodidae <small>(soft-bodied plant beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brachypsectridae" title="Brachypsectridae">Brachypsectridae <small>(Texas beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soldier_beetle" title="Soldier beetle">Cantharidae <small>(soldier beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerophytidae" title="Cerophytidae">Cerophytidae <small>(rare click beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Click_beetle" title="Click beetle">Elateridae <small>(click beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eucnemidae" title="Eucnemidae">Eucnemidae <small>(false click beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jurasaidae" title="Jurasaidae">Jurasaidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firefly" title="Firefly">Lampyridae <small>(fireflies)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lycidae" title="Lycidae">Lycidae <small>(net-winged beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omethidae" title="Omethidae">Omethidae <small>(false fireflies, long-lipped beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phengodidae" title="Phengodidae">Phengodidae <small>(glowworm beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhagophthalmidae" title="Rhagophthalmidae">Rhagophthalmidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinopyrophoridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinopyrophoridae">Sinopyrophoridae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Throscidae" title="Throscidae">Throscidae <small>(false metallic wood-boring beetles)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Rhinorhipus" title="Rhinorhipus">Rhinorhipoidea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rhinorhipus" title="Rhinorhipus">Rhinorhipidae <small>(<i>Rhinorhipus tamborinensis</i>)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Scirtoidea" title="Scirtoidea">Scirtoidea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clambidae" title="Clambidae">Clambidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Declinia" title="Declinia">Decliniidae <small>(<i>Declinia relicta</i>)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eucinetidae" title="Eucinetidae">Eucinetidae <small>(plate-thigh beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scirtidae" title="Scirtidae">Scirtidae</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Scarabaeoidea" title="Scarabaeoidea">Scarabaeiformia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Scarabaeoidea" title="Scarabaeoidea">Scarabaeoidea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belohina" title="Belohina">Belohinidae <small>(<i>Belohina inexpectata</i>)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolboceratidae" title="Bolboceratidae">Bolboceratidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/False_stag_beetle" title="False stag beetle">Diphyllostomatidae <small>(false stag beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geotrupidae" title="Geotrupidae">Geotrupidae <small>(dor beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glaphyridae" title="Glaphyridae">Glaphyridae <small>(bumble bee scarab beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glaresis" title="Glaresis">Glaresidae <small>(enigmatic scarab beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hybosoridae" title="Hybosoridae">Hybosoridae <small>(scavenger scarab beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stag_beetle" title="Stag beetle">Lucanidae <small>(stag beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ochodaeidae" title="Ochodaeidae">Ochodaeidae <small>(sand-loving scarab beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passalidae" title="Passalidae">Passalidae <small>(betsy beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rain_beetle" title="Rain beetle">Pleocomidae <small>(rain beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scarabaeidae" title="Scarabaeidae">Scarabaeidae <small>(scarabs)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trogidae" title="Trogidae">Trogidae <small>(hide beetles)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Staphyliniformia" title="Staphyliniformia">Staphyliniformia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Histeroidea" title="Histeroidea">Histeroidea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Histeridae" title="Histeridae">Histeridae <small>(clown beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sphaerites" title="Sphaerites">Sphaeritidae <small>(false clown beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syntelia" title="Syntelia">Synteliidae</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Hydrophiloidea" title="Hydrophiloidea">Hydrophiloidea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Epimetopidae" title="Epimetopidae">Epimetopidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georissus" title="Georissus">Georissidae <small>(minute mud-loving beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helophorus" title="Helophorus">Helophoridae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydrochidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Hydrochidae">Hydrochidae</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hydrophilidae <small>(water scavenger beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spercheidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Spercheidae">Spercheidae</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Staphylinoidea" title="Staphylinoidea">Staphylinoidea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agyrtidae" title="Agyrtidae">Agyrtidae <small>(primitive carrion beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydraenidae" title="Hydraenidae">Hydraenidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leiodidae" title="Leiodidae">Leiodidae <small>(round fungus beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptiliidae" title="Ptiliidae">Ptiliidae <small>(feather-winged beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silphidae" title="Silphidae">Silphidae <small>(carrion beetles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rove_beetle" title="Rove beetle">Staphylinidae <small>(rove beetles)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_subgroups_of_the_order_Coleoptera" title="List of subgroups of the order Coleoptera">List of subgroups of the order Coleoptera</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Hydrophilidae</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839281" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q839281">Q839281</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Hydrophilidae" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Hydrophilidae">Hydrophilidae</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Animal_Diversity_Web" title="Animal Diversity Web">ADW</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Hydrophilidae/">Hydrophilidae</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Faunal_Directory" title="Australian Faunal Directory">AFD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biodiversity.org.au/afd/taxa/Hydrophilidae">Hydrophilidae</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">BioLib: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id4886">4886</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Barcode_of_Life_Data_System" title="Barcode of Life Data System">BOLD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/TaxBrowser_TaxonPage?taxid=80459">80459</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/BugGuide" title="BugGuide">BugGuide</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bugguide.net/node/view/9594">9594</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/8VR3G">8VR3G</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/7491">7491</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/EPPO_Code" title="EPPO Code">EPPO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/1HYDRF">1HYDRF</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Fauna_Europaea" title="Fauna Europaea">Fauna Europaea</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eu-nomen.eu/portal/taxon.php?GUID=urn:lsid:faunaeur.org:taxname:11100">11100</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Fauna_Europaea" title="Fauna Europaea">Fauna Europaea (new)</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fauna-eu.org/cdm_dataportal/taxon/29030080-ee00-4425-aa96-0fab998e0000">29030080-ee00-4425-aa96-0fab998e0000</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/7830">7830</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/127444">127444</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=114523">114523</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=112811">112811</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Biodiversity_Network" title="National Biodiversity Network">NBN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.nbn.org.uk/Taxa/NHMSYS0001718505">NHMSYS0001718505</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=41102">41102</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">NZOR: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nzor.org.nz/names/fda53138-2713-417a-884b-da7842f456d7">fda53138-2713-417a-884b-da7842f456d7</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=867940">867940</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Paleobiology_Database" title="Paleobiology Database">Paleobiology Database</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=69268">69268</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Plazi" title="Plazi">Plazi</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B718293D-FFCF-F208-FF0D-FA97BD6BF0BD">B718293D-FFCF-F208-FF0D-FA97BD6BF0BD</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">uBio: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ubio.org/browser/details.php?namebankID=4779663">4779663</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Register_of_Marine_Species" title="World Register of Marine Species">WoRMS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=150733">150733</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th 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