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class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Projekt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Obsah" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Obsah</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(úvod)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Historie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Historie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Současnost" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Současnost"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Současnost</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Současnost-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Odkazy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Odkazy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Odkazy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Odkazy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Přepnout podsekci Odkazy</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Odkazy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Reference" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reference"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Reference</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reference-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literatura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literatura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Literatura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literatura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Související_články" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Související_články"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Související články</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Související_články-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externí_odkazy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externí_odkazy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Externí odkazy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externí_odkazy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Obsah" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Přepnout obsah" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Přepnout obsah</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Dlouhé vlny</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Přejděte k článku v jiném jazyce. Je dostupný v 27 jazycích" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 jazyků</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%AF_%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AE%D9%81%D8%B6" title="تردد منخفض – arabština" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تردد منخفض" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baixa_freq%C3%BC%C3%A8ncia_(radiofreq%C3%BC%C3%A8ncia)" title="Baixa freqüència (radiofreqüència) – katalánština" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Baixa freqüència (radiofreqüència)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langb%C3%B8lger" title="Langbølger – dánština" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Langbølger" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langwelle" title="Langwelle – němčina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Langwelle" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="němčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low_frequency" title="Low frequency – angličtina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Low frequency" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longondo" title="Longondo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Longondo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baja_frecuencia" title="Baja frecuencia – španělština" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Baja frecuencia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španělština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%AF_%D9%BE%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C%D9%86" title="بسامد پایین – perština" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بسامد پایین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/LF_(taajuusalue)" title="LF (taajuusalue) – finština" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="LF (taajuusalue)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basse_fr%C3%A9quence" title="Basse fréquence – francouzština" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Basse fréquence" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francouzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF_(LF)" title="निम्न आवृत्ति (LF) – hindština" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="निम्न आवृत्ति (LF)" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hossz%C3%BAhull%C3%A1m" title="Hosszúhullám – maďarština" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Hosszúhullám" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maďarština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frekuensi_rendah" title="Frekuensi rendah – indonéština" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Frekuensi rendah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonéština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low_frequency" title="Low frequency – italština" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Low frequency" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%95%B7%E6%B3%A2" title="長波 – japonština" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="長波" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9E%A5%ED%8C%8C" title="장파 – korejština" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="장파" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laangwell" title="Laangwell – lucemburština" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Laangwell" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="lucemburština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onja_lava" title="Onja lava – malgaština" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Onja lava" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low_frequency" title="Low frequency – nizozemština" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Low frequency" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fale_d%C5%82ugie" title="Fale długie – polština" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Fale długie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onda_longa" title="Onda longa – portugalština" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Onda longa" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dlh%C3%A9_vlny" title="Dlhé vlny – slovenština" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Dlhé vlny" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovenština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A5g_frekvens" title="Låg frekvens – švédština" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Låg frekvens" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švédština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%BC%C5%9F%C3%BCk_frekans" title="Düşük frekans – turečtina" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Düşük frekans" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B3%D1%96_%D1%85%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Довгі хвилі – ukrajinština" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Довгі хвилі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low_frequency" title="Low frequency – benátština" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Low frequency" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="benátština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BD%8E%E9%A0%BB" title="低頻 – čínština" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="低頻" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="čínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q17156810#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editovat mezijazykové odkazy" class="wbc-editpage">Upravit odkazy</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Jmenné prostory"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Dlouh%C3%A9_vlny" title="Zobrazit obsahovou stránku [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Článek</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diskuse:Dlouh%C3%A9_vlny&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Diskuse ke stránce (stránka neexistuje) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskuse</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Změnit variantu jazyka" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">čeština</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Zobrazení"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Dlouh%C3%A9_vlny"><span>Číst</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dlouh%C3%A9_vlny&veaction=edit" title="Editovat tuto stránku [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editovat</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dlouh%C3%A9_vlny&action=edit" title="Editovat zdrojový kód této stránky [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editovat zdroj</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dlouh%C3%A9_vlny&action=history" title="Starší verze této stránky. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Zobrazit historii</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Nástroje ke stránce"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Nástroje" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Nástroje</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Nástroje</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Další možnosti" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Akce </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected 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lang="cs" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:RKS_Topoln%C3%A1_(od_Spytihn%C4%9Bvi).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/RKS_Topoln%C3%A1_%28od_Spytihn%C4%9Bvi%29.jpg/220px-RKS_Topoln%C3%A1_%28od_Spytihn%C4%9Bvi%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/RKS_Topoln%C3%A1_%28od_Spytihn%C4%9Bvi%29.jpg/330px-RKS_Topoln%C3%A1_%28od_Spytihn%C4%9Bvi%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/RKS_Topoln%C3%A1_%28od_Spytihn%C4%9Bvi%29.jpg/440px-RKS_Topoln%C3%A1_%28od_Spytihn%C4%9Bvi%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/RKS_Topoln%C3%A1" title="RKS Topolná">RKS Topolná</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Dlouhé vlny</b> (zkratka <b>DV</b>, případně <b>LW</b> či <b>LF</b> z anglického <i>Long wave</i> a <i>Low frequency</i>) je pásmo <a href="/wiki/Elektromagnetick%C3%A9_vlny" title="Elektromagnetické vlny">elektromagnetických vln</a> o frekvenci mezi 30 kHz až 300 kHz, čemuž odpovídá délka vlny 10 km až 1 km. Vyznačuje se spolehlivým šířením pozemní (přímé) vlny na velké vzdálenosti, proto se používá pro rádiovou navigaci, komunikaci a rozhlasové vysílání, která mají pokrýt velká území. Dlouhovlnný vysílač ovšem vyžaduje velký výkon a vysoké vysílací antény (stožáry). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historie">Historie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dlouh%C3%A9_vlny&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editace sekce: Historie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dlouh%C3%A9_vlny&action=edit&section=1" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Historie"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>První pokusy s bezdrátovým přenosem signálu koncem 19. století využívaly neladěné (např. jiskrové) generátory, přenos se však fakticky odehrával v oblasti pozdějších „dlouhých vln“. Rozkvět dlouhovlnného vysílání spadá hlavně do prvních desetiletí 20. století a od 30. let se běžné rozhlasové vysílání postupně přesouvalo na stále kratší vlnové délky, na americkém kontinentu se rozhlas v pásmu DV nikdy nevysílal. Hlavními důvody byla nákladnost dlouhovlnných vysílačů, pokroky radiotechniky na stále vyšších frekvencích i okolnost, že při šířce pásma <a href="/wiki/Amplitudov%C3%A1_modulace" title="Amplitudová modulace">AM</a> vysílače 9 kHz se do pásma dlouhých vln dal umístit jen malý počet vysílačů, aniž by se navzájem rušily. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Současnost"><span id="Sou.C4.8Dasnost"></span>Současnost</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dlouh%C3%A9_vlny&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editace sekce: Současnost" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dlouh%C3%A9_vlny&action=edit&section=2" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Současnost"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Vzhledem k používané amplitudové modulaci (<a href="/wiki/Amplitudov%C3%A1_modulace" title="Amplitudová modulace">AM</a>), která nezajišťuje vysokou kvalitu zvuku, k citlivosti na rušení elektrickými výboji (bouřky i průmyslové rušení) a k nákladům na spotřebu energie řada zemí vysílání na dlouhých vlnách opustila. Dnes zde vysílá jen několik národních rozhlasových vysílačů velkých států (Polsko, Rumunsko) nebo států, které potřebují pokrýt přilehlé pobřežní vody nebo řídce osídlená území (Velká Británie, Rusko, Island, Alžír, Maroko). </p><p>Stále se však pásmo využívá pro takové účely, kde je na prvním místě spolehlivost a výhody pozemní vlny. To jsou například frekvenční a časové standardy (<a href="/wiki/DCF77" title="DCF77">DCF77</a>), radiomajáky (letecké <a href="/wiki/NDB_(radiomaj%C3%A1k)" title="NDB (radiomaják)">NDB</a> i námořní), radiodálnopisné (RTTY) předpovědí počasí pro lodě na moři, navigační systém <a href="/wiki/LORAN" title="LORAN">LORAN</a>-C, případně i komunikace s ponorkami. </p><p>V Česku do konce roku 2021 vysílal na dlouhých vlnách <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cesk%C3%BD_rozhlas_Radio%C5%BEurn%C3%A1l" title="Český rozhlas Radiožurnál">ČRo Radiožurnál</a> z vysílače <a href="/wiki/RKS_Topoln%C3%A1" title="RKS Topolná">Topolná</a> (270 kHz). <sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Toto vysílání mělo být ukončeno již na přelomu února a března 2014 z důvodů ekonomické a energetické náročnosti,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ale <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cesk%C3%BD_rozhlas" title="Český rozhlas">Český rozhlas</a> po uzavření smlouvy s <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cesk%C3%A9_Radiokomunikace" title="České Radiokomunikace">Českými Radiokomunikacemi</a> pokračoval ve vysílání na dlouhých vlnách se sníženým výkonem.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Z Polska stále vysílá vysílač <a href="/wiki/RKS_Solec_Kujawski" title="RKS Solec Kujawski">Solec Kujawski</a> s výkonem 1200 kW a jde ho bez problémů chytit i v Česku. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Odkazy">Odkazy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dlouh%C3%A9_vlny&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editace sekce: Odkazy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dlouh%C3%A9_vlny&action=edit&section=3" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Odkazy"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reference">Reference</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dlouh%C3%A9_vlny&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editace sekce: Reference" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dlouh%C3%A9_vlny&action=edit&section=4" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Reference"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;"> Přelaďte se z AM | Český rozhlas. <i>Vypínáme AM</i> [online]. [cit. 2020-11-16]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vypinameam.cz/">Dostupné online</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=Vyp%C3%ADn%C3%A1me+AM&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvypinameam.cz%2F&rft.atitle=P%C5%99ela%C4%8Fte+se+z+AM+%7C+%C4%8Cesk%C3%BD+rozhlas"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <cite class="book" style="font-style:normal;"> <i>Vysílání Českého rozhlasu Radiožurnál na dlouhých vlnách definitivně končí k 28. únoru 2014</i> [online]. <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cesk%C3%BD_rozhlas" title="Český rozhlas">Český rozhlas</a>, 2013-11-29 [cit. 2014-03-01]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rozhlas.cz/informace/press/_zprava/vysilani-ceskeho-rozhlasu-radiozurnal-na-dlouhych-vlnach-definitivne-konci-k-28-unoru-2014--1286640">Dostupné online</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelmonografie&rft.btitle=Vys%C3%ADl%C3%A1n%C3%AD+%C4%8Cesk%C3%A9ho+rozhlasu+Radio%C5%BEurn%C3%A1l+na+dlouh%C3%BDch+vln%C3%A1ch+definitivn%C4%9B+kon%C4%8D%C3%AD+k+28.+%C3%BAnoru+2014&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rozhlas.cz%2Finformace%2Fpress%2F_zprava%2Fvysilani-ceskeho-rozhlasu-radiozurnal-na-dlouhych-vlnach-definitivne-konci-k-28-unoru-2014--1286640&rft.pub=%5B%5B%C4%8Cesk%C3%BD+rozhlas%5D%5D"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <cite class="book" style="font-style:normal;">MORAVCOVÁ, Květa. <i>ČRo prodlužuje vysílání po dlouhých vlnách, vysílač z 50. let nahradí nový</i> [online]. Český rozhlas, 2014-02-27 [cit. 2014-03-01]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rozhlas.cz/zpravy/technika/_zprava/cro-prodluzuje-vysilani-po-dlouhych-vlnach-vysilac-z-50-let-nahradi-novy--1321068">Dostupné online</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelmonografie&rft.btitle=%C4%8CRo+prodlu%C5%BEuje+vys%C3%ADl%C3%A1n%C3%AD+po+dlouh%C3%BDch+vln%C3%A1ch%2C+vys%C3%ADla%C4%8D+z+50.+let+nahrad%C3%AD+nov%C3%BD&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rozhlas.cz%2Fzpravy%2Ftechnika%2F_zprava%2Fcro-prodluzuje-vysilani-po-dlouhych-vlnach-vysilac-z-50-let-nahradi-novy--1321068&rft.aulast=Moravcov%C3%A1&rft.aufirst=Kv%C4%9Bta&rft.pub=%C4%8Cesk%C3%BD+rozhlas"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Literatura">Literatura</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dlouh%C3%A9_vlny&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Editace sekce: Literatura" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dlouh%C3%A9_vlny&action=edit&section=5" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Literatura"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Ottův slovník naučný nové doby</i>, heslo Bezdrátový přenos. Sv. 1, str. 589</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Související_články"><span id="Souvisej.C3.ADc.C3.AD_.C4.8Dl.C3.A1nky"></span>Související články</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dlouh%C3%A9_vlny&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Editace sekce: Související články" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dlouh%C3%A9_vlny&action=edit&section=6" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Související články"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vys%C3%ADla%C4%8D_Konstantynow" title="Vysílač Konstantynow">Vysílač Konstantynow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kr%C3%A1tk%C3%A9_vlny" title="Krátké vlny">Krátké vlny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St%C5%99edn%C3%AD_vlny" title="Střední vlny">Střední vlny</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Externí_odkazy"><span id="Extern.C3.AD_odkazy"></span>Externí odkazy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dlouh%C3%A9_vlny&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Editace sekce: Externí odkazy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dlouh%C3%A9_vlny&action=edit&section=7" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Externí odkazy"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span style="cursor:help;" data-lang="en" title="Jazyk cíle odkazu: angličtina">(anglicky)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vlf.it/frequency/bands.html">Tomislav Stimac, Definition of frequency bands (VLF, ELF... etc.)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mwcircle.org">The Medium Wave Circle</a> – První klub zájemců o MW/LW</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lwca.org/">Longwave Club of America</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.drmradio.dk">How to receive DRM from Kalundborg longwave station</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130510123728/http://www.magnet-ferritantennen.de/assets/plugindata/poola/funkamateur012006.pdf">Reception of long wave and very long wave with ferrite antennas 5-50 kHz</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100902152011/http://www.mwlist.org/mwlist_quick_and_easy.php?area=1&kHz=153">Seznam dlouhovlnných a středovlnných vysílačů s linky na mapu</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox noprint" title="Rádiové spektrum"><table title="" class="navbox-navbox mw-collapsible autocollapse nowraplinks noprint" cellspacing="0" data-collapsetext="skrýt" data-expandtext="zobrazit"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r17064757">.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .mw-collapsible-toggle{font-weight:normal}</style><tbody><tr> <th class="navbox-title" colspan="2"> <span class="navbox-titletext"><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A1diov%C3%A9_spektrum" title="Rádiové spektrum">Rádiové spektrum</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mezin%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_telekomunika%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_unie" title="Mezinárodní telekomunikační unie">ITU</a>)</span> </th> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" colspan="2"> <div> <table cellspacing="0" class="navbox-columns-table" style="text-align:left;width:auto;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="width:5em;">   </td><td style="padding:0px;text-align:center;;;;width:9.09%;"><div> <p><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Extra_dlouh%C3%A9_vlny&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Extra dlouhé vlny (stránka neexistuje)">EDV</a></b> <br /><span style="font-size: smaller;"> 0,03 Hz/10 Gm <br /> 300 Hz/1 Mm </span> </p> </div></td><td style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;;;;width:9.09%;"><div> <p><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultra_dlouh%C3%A9_vlny&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ultra dlouhé vlny (stránka neexistuje)">UDV</a></b> <br /><span style="font-size: smaller;"> 300 Hz/1 Mm <br /> 3 kHz/100 km </span> </p> </div></td><td style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;;;;width:9.09%;"><div> <p><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Velmi_dlouh%C3%A9_vlny&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Velmi dlouhé vlny (stránka neexistuje)">VDV</a></b> <br /><span style="font-size: smaller;"> 3 kHz/100 km <br /> 30 kHz/10 km </span> </p> </div></td><td style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;;;;width:9.09%;"><div> <p><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">DV</a></b> <br /><span style="font-size: smaller;"> 30 kHz/10 km <br /> 300 kHz/1 km </span> </p> </div></td><td style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;;;;width:9.09%;"><div> <p><b><a href="/wiki/St%C5%99edn%C3%AD_vlny" title="Střední vlny">SV</a></b> <br /><span style="font-size: smaller;"> 300 kHz/1 km <br /> 3 MHz/100 m </span> </p> </div></td><td style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;;;;width:9.09%;"><div> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Kr%C3%A1tk%C3%A9_vlny" title="Krátké vlny">KV</a></b> <br /><span style="font-size: smaller;"> 3 MHz/100 m <br /> 30 MHz/10 m </span> </p> </div></td><td style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;;;;width:9.09%;"><div> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Velmi_kr%C3%A1tk%C3%A9_vlny" title="Velmi krátké vlny">VKV</a></b> <br /><span style="font-size: smaller;"> 30 MHz/10 m <br /> 300 MHz/1 m </span> </p> </div></td><td style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;;;;width:9.09%;"><div> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Ultrakr%C3%A1tk%C3%A9_vlny" title="Ultrakrátké vlny">UKV</a></b> <br /><span style="font-size: smaller;"> 300 MHz/1 m <br /> 3 GHz/100 mm </span> </p> </div></td><td style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;;;;width:9.09%;"><div> <p><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Super_kr%C3%A1tk%C3%A9_vlny&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Super krátké vlny (stránka neexistuje)">SKV</a></b> <br /><span style="font-size: smaller;"> 3 GHz/100 mm <br /> 30 GHz/10 mm </span> </p> </div></td><td style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;;;;width:9.09%;"><div> <p><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Extra_kr%C3%A1tk%C3%A9_vlny&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Extra krátké vlny (stránka neexistuje)">EKV</a></b> <br /><span style="font-size: smaller;"> 30 GHz/10 mm <br /> 300 GHz/1 mm </span> </p> </div></td><td style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;;;;width:9.09%;"><div> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Terahertzov%C3%A9_z%C3%A1%C5%99en%C3%AD" title="Terahertzové záření">THF</a></b> <br /><span style="font-size: smaller;"> 300 GHz/1 mm <br /> 3 THz/0,1 mm </span> </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td> </tr></tbody></table> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23078045">.mw-parser-output .navbox2{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox2 .navbox2{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox2+.navbox2{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output th.navbox2-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox2,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox2-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output 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