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detection</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: fire detection"> <meta name="keywords" content="fire detection"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="fire detection"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 3957</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: fire detection</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3957</span> Video Based Ambient Smoke Detection By Detecting Directional Contrast Decrease</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omair%20Ghori">Omair Ghori</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anton%20Stadler"> Anton Stadler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stefan%20Wilk"> Stefan Wilk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wolfgang%20Effelsberg"> Wolfgang Effelsberg</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fire-related incidents account for extensive loss of life and material damage. Quick and reliable detection of occurring fires has high real world implications. Whereas a major research focus lies on the detection of outdoor fires, indoor camera-based fire detection is still an open issue. Cameras in combination with computer vision helps to detect flames and smoke more quickly than conventional fire detectors. In this work, we present a computer vision-based smoke detection algorithm based on contrast changes and a multi-step classification. This work accelerates computer vision-based fire detection considerably in comparison with classical indoor-fire detection. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contrast%20analysis" title="contrast analysis">contrast analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=early%20fire%20detection" title=" early fire detection"> early fire detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=video%20smoke%20detection" title=" video smoke detection"> video smoke detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=video%20surveillance" title=" video surveillance"> video surveillance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52006/video-based-ambient-smoke-detection-by-detecting-directional-contrast-decrease" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52006.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">447</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3956</span> Attention-Based Spatio-Temporal Approach for Fire and Smoke Detection</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alireza%20Mirrashid">Alireza Mirrashid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Khoshbin"> Mohammad Khoshbin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Atghaei"> Ali Atghaei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20Shahbazi"> Hassan Shahbazi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In various industries, smoke and fire are two of the most important threats in the workplace. One of the common methods for detecting smoke and fire is the use of infrared thermal and smoke sensors, which cannot be used in outdoor applications. Therefore, the use of vision-based methods seems necessary. The problem of smoke and fire detection is spatiotemporal and requires spatiotemporal solutions. This paper presents a method that uses spatial features along with temporal-based features to detect smoke and fire in the scene. It consists of three main parts; the task of each part is to reduce the error of the previous part so that the final model has a robust performance. This method also uses transformer modules to increase the accuracy of the model. The results of our model show the proper performance of the proposed approach in solving the problem of smoke and fire detection and can be used to increase workplace safety. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attention" title="attention">attention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire%20detection" title=" fire detection"> fire detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smoke%20detection" title=" smoke detection"> smoke detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatio-temporal" title=" spatio-temporal"> spatio-temporal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153248/attention-based-spatio-temporal-approach-for-fire-and-smoke-detection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153248.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">203</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3955</span> Design an Intelligent Fire Detection System Based on Neural Network and Particle Swarm Optimization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Majid%20Arvan">Majid Arvan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peyman%20Beygi"> Peyman Beygi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sina%20Rokhsati"> Sina Rokhsati</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In-time detection of fire in buildings is of great importance. Employing intelligent methods in data processing in fire detection systems leads to a significant reduction of fire damage at lowest cost. In this paper, the raw data obtained from the fire detection sensor networks in buildings is processed by using intelligent methods based on neural networks and the likelihood of fire happening is predicted. In order to enhance the quality of system, the noise in the sensor data is reduced by analyzing wavelets and applying SVD technique. Meanwhile, the proposed neural network is trained using particle swarm optimization (PSO). In the simulation work, the data is collected from sensor network inside the room and applied to the proposed network. Then the outputs are compared with conventional MLP network. The simulation results represent the superiority of the proposed method over the conventional one. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intelligent%20fire%20detection" title="intelligent fire detection">intelligent fire detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neural%20network" title=" neural network"> neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particle%20swarm%20optimization" title=" particle swarm optimization"> particle swarm optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire%20sensor%20network" title=" fire sensor network"> fire sensor network</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55735/design-an-intelligent-fire-detection-system-based-on-neural-network-and-particle-swarm-optimization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55735.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">380</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3954</span> An Experimental Study on the Optimum Installation of Fire Detector for Early Stage Fire Detecting in Rack-Type Warehouses</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ki%20Ok%20Choi">Ki Ok Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sung%20Ho%20Hong"> Sung Ho Hong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dong%20Suck%20Kim"> Dong Suck Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Don%20Mook%20Choi"> Don Mook Choi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rack type warehouses are different from general buildings in the kinds, amount, and arrangement of stored goods, so the fire risk of rack type warehouses is different from those buildings. The fire pattern of rack type warehouses is different in combustion characteristic and storing condition of stored goods. The initial fire burning rate is different in the surface condition of materials, but the running time of fire is closely related with the kinds of stored materials and stored conditions. The stored goods of the warehouse are consisted of diverse combustibles, combustible liquid, and so on. Fire detection time may be delayed because the residents are less than office and commercial buildings. If fire detectors installed in rack type warehouses are inadaptable, the fire of the warehouse may be the great fire because of delaying of fire detection. In this paper, we studied what kinds of fire detectors are optimized in early detecting of rack type warehouse fire by real-scale fire tests. The fire detectors used in the tests are rate of rise type, fixed type, photo electric type, and aspirating type detectors. We considered optimum fire detecting method in rack type warehouses suggested by the response characteristic and comparative analysis of the fire detectors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire%20detector" title="fire detector">fire detector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rack" title=" rack"> rack</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=response%20characteristic" title=" response characteristic"> response characteristic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=warehouse" title=" warehouse"> warehouse</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56376/an-experimental-study-on-the-optimum-installation-of-fire-detector-for-early-stage-fire-detecting-in-rack-type-warehouses" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56376.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">745</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3953</span> Multi-Spectral Deep Learning Models for Forest Fire Detection</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Smitha%20Haridasan">Smitha Haridasan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zelalem%20Demissie"> Zelalem Demissie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atri%20Dutta"> Atri Dutta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ajita%20Rattani"> Ajita Rattani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aided by the wind, all it takes is one ember and a few minutes to create a wildfire. Wildfires are growing in frequency and size due to climate change. Wildfires and its consequences are one of the major environmental concerns. Every year, millions of hectares of forests are destroyed over the world, causing mass destruction and human casualties. Thus early detection of wildfire becomes a critical component to mitigate this threat. Many computer vision-based techniques have been proposed for the early detection of forest fire using video surveillance. Several computer vision-based methods have been proposed to predict and detect forest fires at various spectrums, namely, RGB, HSV, and YCbCr. The aim of this paper is to propose a multi-spectral deep learning model that combines information from different spectrums at intermediate layers for accurate fire detection. A heterogeneous dataset assembled from publicly available datasets is used for model training and evaluation in this study. The experimental results show that multi-spectral deep learning models could obtain an improvement of about 4.68 % over those based on a single spectrum for fire detection. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20learning" title="deep learning">deep learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forest%20fire%20detection" title=" forest fire detection"> forest fire detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-spectral%20learning" title=" multi-spectral learning"> multi-spectral learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20hazard%20detection" title=" natural hazard detection"> natural hazard detection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146865/multi-spectral-deep-learning-models-for-forest-fire-detection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146865.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">241</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3952</span> Design and Optimization Fire Alarm System to Protect Gas Condensate Reservoirs With the Use of Nano-Technology </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hefzollah%20Mohammadian">Hefzollah Mohammadian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ensieh%20Hajeb"> Ensieh Hajeb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamad%20Baqer%20Heidari"> Mohamad Baqer Heidari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, for the protection and safety of tanks gases (flammable materials) and also due to the considerable economic value of the reservoir, the new system for the protection, the conservation and fire fighting has been cloned. The system consists of several parts: the Sensors to detect heat and fire with Nanotechnology (nano sensor), Barrier for isolation and protection from a range of two electronic zones, analyzer for detection and locating point of fire accurately, Main electronic board to announce fire, Fault diagnosis in different locations, such as relevant alarms and activate different devices for fire distinguish and announcement. An important feature of this system, high speed and capability of fire detection system in a way that is able to detect the value of the ambient temperature that can be adjusted. Another advantage of this system is autonomous and does not require human operator in place. Using nanotechnology, in addition to speeding up the work, reduces the cost of construction of the sensor and also the notification system and fire extinguish. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analyser" title="analyser">analyser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=barrier" title=" barrier"> barrier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20resistance" title=" heat resistance"> heat resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=general%20fault" title=" general fault"> general fault</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=general%20alarm" title=" general alarm"> general alarm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nano%20sensor" title=" nano sensor"> nano sensor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36332/design-and-optimization-fire-alarm-system-to-protect-gas-condensate-reservoirs-with-the-use-of-nano-technology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36332.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">456</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3951</span> VideoAssist: A Labelling Assistant to Increase Efficiency in Annotating Video-Based Fire Dataset Using a Foundation Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Keyur%20Joshi">Keyur Joshi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Philip%20Dietrich"> Philip Dietrich</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tjark%20Windisch"> Tjark Windisch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Markus%20K%C3%B6nig"> Markus König</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the field of surveillance-based fire detection, the volume of incoming data is increasing rapidly. However, the labeling of a large industrial dataset is costly due to the high annotation costs associated with current state-of-the-art methods, which often require bounding boxes or segmentation masks for model training. This paper introduces VideoAssist, a video annotation solution that utilizes a video-based foundation model to annotate entire videos with minimal effort, requiring the labeling of bounding boxes for only a few keyframes. To the best of our knowledge, VideoAssist is the first method to significantly reduce the effort required for labeling fire detection videos. The approach offers bounding box and segmentation annotations for the video dataset with minimal manual effort. Results demonstrate that the performance of labels annotated by VideoAssist is comparable to those annotated by humans, indicating the potential applicability of this approach in fire detection scenarios. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire%20detection" title="fire detection">fire detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=label%20annotation" title=" label annotation"> label annotation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foundation%20models" title=" foundation models"> foundation models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=object%20detection" title=" object detection"> object detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=segmentation" title=" segmentation"> segmentation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194622/videoassist-a-labelling-assistant-to-increase-efficiency-in-annotating-video-based-fire-dataset-using-a-foundation-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194622.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">6</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3950</span> A Review of Intelligent Fire Management Systems to Reduce Wildfires</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nomfundo%20Ngombane">Nomfundo Ngombane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Topside%20E.%20Mathonsi"> Topside E. Mathonsi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Remote sensing and satellite imaging have been widely used to detect wildfires; nevertheless, the technologies present some limitations in terms of early wildfire detection as the technologies are greatly influenced by weather conditions and can miss small fires. The fires need to have spread a few kilometers for the technologies to provide accurate detection. The South African Advanced Fire Information System uses MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) as satellite imaging. MODIS has limitations as it can exclude small fires and can fall short in validating fire vulnerability. Thus in the future, a Machine Learning algorithm will be designed and implemented for the early detection of wildfires. A simulator will be used to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed solution, and the results of the simulation will be presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moderate%20resolution%20imaging%20spectroradiometer" title="moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer">moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=advanced%20fire%20information%20system" title=" advanced fire information system"> advanced fire information system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20learning%20algorithm" title=" machine learning algorithm"> machine learning algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=detection%20of%20wildfires" title=" detection of wildfires"> detection of wildfires</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154851/a-review-of-intelligent-fire-management-systems-to-reduce-wildfires" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154851.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">78</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3949</span> Long Distance Aspirating Smoke Detection for Large Radioactive Areas</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Dole">Michael Dole</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pierre%20Ninin"> Pierre Ninin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Denis%20Raffourt"> Denis Raffourt</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Most of the CERN’s facilities hosting particle accelerators are large, underground and radioactive areas. All fire detection systems installed in such areas, shall be carefully studied to cope with the particularities of this stringent environment. The detection equipment usually chosen by CERN to secure these underground facilities are based on air sampling technology. The electronic equipment is located in non-radioactive areas whereas air sampling networks are deployed in radioactive areas where fire detection is required. The air sampling technology provides very good detection performances and prevent the "radiation-to-electronic" effects. In addition, it reduces the exposure to radiations of maintenance workers and is permanently available during accelerator operation. In order to protect the Super Proton Synchrotron and its 7 km tunnels, a specific long distance aspirating smoke detector has been developed to detect smoke at up to 700 meters between electronic equipment and the last air sampling hole. This paper describes the architecture, performances and return of experience of the long distance fire detection system developed and installed to secure the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron tunnels. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20sampling" title="air sampling">air sampling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire%20detection" title=" fire detection"> fire detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=long%20distance" title=" long distance"> long distance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radioactive%20areas" title=" radioactive areas"> radioactive areas</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127224/long-distance-aspirating-smoke-detection-for-large-radioactive-areas" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127224.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3948</span> Detection of Latent Fingerprints Recovered from Arson Simulation by a Novel Fluorescent Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Somayeh%20Khanjani">Somayeh Khanjani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samaneh%20Nabavi"> Samaneh Nabavi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shirin%20Jalili"> Shirin Jalili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afshin%20Khara"> Afshin Khara</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fingerprints are area source of ubiquitous evidence and consequential for establishing identity. The detection and subsequent development of fingerprints are thus inevitable in criminal investigations. This becomes a difficult task in the case of certain extreme conditions like fire. A fire scene may be accidental or arson. The evidence subjected to fire is generally overlooked as there is a misconception that they are damaged. There are several scientific approaches to determine whether the fire was deliberate or not. In such as scenario, fingerprints may be most critical to link the perpetrator to the crime. The reason for this may be the destructive nature of fire. Fingerprints subjected to fire are exposed to high temperatures, soot deposition, electromagnetic radiation, and subsequent water force. It is believed that these phenomena damage the fingerprint. A novel fluorescent and a pre existing small particle reagent were investigated for the same. Zinc carbonates based fluorescent small particle reagent was capable of developing latent fingerprints exposed to a maximum temperature of 800 ̊C. Fluorescent SPR may prove very useful in such cases. Fluorescent SPR reagent based on zinc carbonate is a potential method for developing fingerprints from arson sites. The method is cost effective and non hazardous. This formulation is suitable for developing fingerprints exposed to fire/ arson. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fingerprint" title="fingerprint">fingerprint</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small%20particle%20reagent%20%28SPR%29" title=" small particle reagent (SPR)"> small particle reagent (SPR)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arson" title=" arson"> arson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=novel%20fluorescent" title=" novel fluorescent "> novel fluorescent </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28086/detection-of-latent-fingerprints-recovered-from-arson-simulation-by-a-novel-fluorescent-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28086.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">472</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3947</span> Improving Fire Resistance of Wood and Wood-Based Composites and Fire Testing Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nadir%20Ayrilmis">Nadir Ayrilmis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Wood and wood-based panels are one of the oldest structural materials used in the construction industry due to their significant advantages such as good mechanical properties, low density, renewable material, low-cost, recycling, etc. However, they burn when exposed to a flame source or high temperatures. This is very important when the wood products are used as structural or hemi-structural materials in the construction industry, furniture industry, so on. For this reason, the fire resistance is demanded property for wood products. They can be impregnated with fire retardants to improve their fire resistance. The most used fire retardants, fire-retardant mechanism, and fire-testing systems, and national and international fire-durability classifications and standard requirements for fire-durability of wood and wood-based panels were given in this study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire%20resistance" title="fire resistance">fire resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wood-based%20panels" title=" wood-based panels"> wood-based panels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cone%20calorimeter" title=" cone calorimeter"> cone calorimeter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wood" title=" wood"> wood</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130377/improving-fire-resistance-of-wood-and-wood-based-composites-and-fire-testing-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130377.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">165</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3946</span> The Importance of Fire Safety in Egypt</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omar%20Shakra">Omar Shakra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper contains a huge number of benefits that we can use it in several places and times in fire safety protection in the Middle East especially in Egypt . People here in Egypt did not consider the safety and fire protection as important as it is. But on the other hand, its very important for them to contain the fire systems and safety in every facility, the companies , hospitals , police stations , and even the super markets must use the fire system. It makes the facility safe to the visitors while they are using it.From my point of view as the owner Fire Safety Company called Deluge Egypt , i can say that not all of the companies use the fire system protection according to the high cost they prefer to build their company without the protection, and this is make the building totally unsafe to be used from the visitors or client.So, i am looking for new methods and technology to invest in Egypt, and this is through attending this Conference and let the audiences know more about the services i provide and [to let them know about the importance of the Fire Safety in Egypt. The Objectives of my research 1- The system that i used in my Company. 2- The benefits of the Fire System Protection. 3-The importance of the Fire System and safety. 4-The use of the new Technologies. 5-The hardships that i found while having new deals with new clients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire" title="fire">fire</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=system" title=" system"> system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protection" title=" protection"> protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire%20hydrants" title=" fire hydrants"> fire hydrants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security" title=" security"> security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alarms" title=" alarms"> alarms</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171993/the-importance-of-fire-safety-in-egypt" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171993.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">109</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3945</span> Prediction of the Heat Transfer Characteristics of Tunnel Concrete</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seung%20Cho%20Yang">Seung Cho Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jae%20Sung%20Lee"> Jae Sung Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Se%20Hee%20Park"> Se Hee Park</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study suggests the analysis method to predict the damages of tunnel concrete caused by fires. The result obtained from the analyses of concrete temperatures at a fire in a tunnel using ABAQUS was compared with the test result. After the reliability of the analysis method was verified, the temperatures of a tunnel at a real fire and those of concrete during the fire were estimated to predict fire damages. The temperatures inside the tunnel were estimated by FDS, a CFD model. It was deduced that the fire performance of tunnel lining and the fire damages of the structure at an actual fire could be estimated by the analysis method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire%20resistance" title="fire resistance">fire resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title=" heat transfer"> heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20analysis" title=" numerical analysis"> numerical analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tunnel%20fire" title=" tunnel fire"> tunnel fire</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50411/prediction-of-the-heat-transfer-characteristics-of-tunnel-concrete" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50411.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">436</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3944</span> Device to Alert and Fire Prevention through Temperature Monitoring and Gas Detection</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D%C3%AAivisson%20Alves%20Anjos">Dêivisson Alves Anjos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Blenda%20Fonseca%20Aires%20Teles"> Blenda Fonseca Aires Teles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Queitiane%20Castro%20Costa"> Queitiane Castro Costa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fire is one of the biggest dangers for factories, warehouses, mills, among other places, causing unimaginable damage, because besides the material damage also directly affects the lives of workers who are likely to suffer death or very serious consequences. This protection of the lives of these people should be taken seriously, always seeking safety. Thus investment in security and monitoring equipment must be high, so you can prevent or reduce the impacts of a possible fire. Our device, made in PIC micro controller monitors the temperature and the presence of gas in the environment, it sends the data via Bluetooth device to a developed in LabVIEW interface saves these data continuously and alert if the temperature exceeds the allowed or some gas is detected. Currently the device is in operation and can perform several tests, as well as use in different areas for which you need anti-fire protection. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pic" title="pic">pic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bluetooth" title=" bluetooth"> bluetooth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire" title=" fire"> fire</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature" title=" temperature"> temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas" title=" gas"> gas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LabVIEW" title=" LabVIEW"> LabVIEW</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20892/device-to-alert-and-fire-prevention-through-temperature-monitoring-and-gas-detection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20892.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">532</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3943</span> Study of Fire Propagation and Soot Flow in a Pantry Car of Railway Locomotive</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juhi%20Kaushik">Juhi Kaushik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abhishek%20Agarwal"> Abhishek Agarwal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manoj%20Sarda"> Manoj Sarda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vatsal%20Sanjay"> Vatsal Sanjay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arup%20Kumar%20Das"> Arup Kumar Das</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fire accidents in trains bring huge disaster to human life and property. Evacuation becomes a major challenge in such incidents owing to confined spaces, large passenger density and trains moving at high speeds. The pantry car in Indian Railways trains carry inflammable materials like cooking fuel and LPG and electrical fittings. The pantry car is therefore highly susceptible to fire accidents. Numerical simulations have been done in a pantry car of Indian locomotive train using computational fluid dynamics based software. Different scenarios of a fire outbreak have been explored by varying Heat Release Rate per Unit Area (HRRPUA) of the fire source, introduction of exhaust in the cooking area, and taking a case of an air conditioned pantry car. Temporal statures of flame and soot have been obtained for each scenario and differences have been studied and reported. Inputs from this study can be used to assess casualties in fire accidents in locomotive trains and development of smoke control/detection systems in Indian trains. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire%20propagation" title="fire propagation">fire propagation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flame%20contour" title=" flame contour"> flame contour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pantry%20fire" title=" pantry fire"> pantry fire</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soot%20flow" title=" soot flow"> soot flow</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50491/study-of-fire-propagation-and-soot-flow-in-a-pantry-car-of-railway-locomotive" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50491.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">338</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3942</span> Numerical Study of Fire Propagation in Confined and Open Area</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hadj%20Miloua">Hadj Miloua</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abbes%20Azzi"> Abbes Azzi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of the present paper is to understand, predict and modeled the fire behavior in confined and open area in different conditions and diverse fuels such as liquid pool fire and the vegetative materials. The distinctive problems are a ventilated road tunnel used for urban transport, by the characterization installations of ventilation and his influence in the mode of smoke dispersion and the flame shape. A general investigation is relatively traditional, based on the modeling and simulation the scenario of the pool fire interacted with wind ventilation by the use of numerical software fire dynamic simulator FDS ver.5 to simulate the fire in ventilated tunnel. The second simulation by WFDS.5 is Wildland fire which is always occurs in forest and rangeland fire environments and will thus have an impact on people, property and resources. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire" title="fire">fire</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=road%20tunnel" title=" road tunnel"> road tunnel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vegetation" title=" vegetation"> vegetation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wildland" title=" wildland"> wildland</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18967/numerical-study-of-fire-propagation-in-confined-and-open-area" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18967.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">514</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3941</span> Impact of an Onboard Fire for the Evacuation of a Rolling Stock</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guillaume%20Craveur">Guillaume Craveur</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study highlights the impact of an onboard fire for the evacuation of a rolling stock. Two fires models are achieved. The first one is a zone model realized with the CFAST software. Then, this fire is imported in a building EXODUS model in order to determine the evacuation time with effects of fire effluents (temperature, smoke opacity, smoke toxicity) on passengers. The second fire is achieved with Fire Dynamics Simulator software. The fire defined is directly imported in the FDS+Evac model which will permit to determine the evacuation time and effects of fire effluents on passengers. These effects will be compared with tenability criteria defined in some standards in order to see if the situation is acceptable. Different power of fire will be underlined to see from what power source the hazard become unacceptable. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire%20safety%20engineering" title="fire safety engineering">fire safety engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20tools" title=" numerical tools"> numerical tools</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rolling%20stock" title=" rolling stock"> rolling stock</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evacuation" title=" evacuation"> evacuation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73910/impact-of-an-onboard-fire-for-the-evacuation-of-a-rolling-stock" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73910.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">201</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3940</span> Gaussian Probability Density for Forest Fire Detection Using Satellite Imagery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Benkraouda">S. Benkraouda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20Djelloul-Khedda"> Z. Djelloul-Khedda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Yagoubi"> B. Yagoubi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> we present a method for early detection of forest fires from a thermal infrared satellite image, using the image matrix of the probability of belonging. The principle of the method is to compare a theoretical mathematical model to an experimental model. We considered that each line of the image matrix, as an embodiment of a non-stationary random process. Since the distribution of pixels in the satellite image is statistically dependent, we divided these lines into small stationary and ergodic intervals to characterize the image by an adequate mathematical model. A standard deviation was chosen to generate random variables, so each interval behaves naturally like white Gaussian noise. The latter has been selected as the mathematical model that represents a set of very majority pixels, which we can be considered as the image background. Before modeling the image, we made a few pretreatments, then the parameters of the theoretical Gaussian model were extracted from the modeled image, these settings will be used to calculate the probability of each interval of the modeled image to belong to the theoretical Gaussian model. The high intensities pixels are regarded as foreign elements to it, so they will have a low probability, and the pixels that belong to the background image will have a high probability. Finally, we did present the reverse of the matrix of probabilities of these intervals for a better fire detection. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forest%20fire" title="forest fire">forest fire</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forest%20fire%20detection" title=" forest fire detection"> forest fire detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=satellite%20image" title=" satellite image"> satellite image</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=normal%20distribution" title=" normal distribution"> normal distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=theoretical%20gaussian%20model" title=" theoretical gaussian model"> theoretical gaussian model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20infrared%20matrix%20image" title=" thermal infrared matrix image"> thermal infrared matrix image</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/118320/gaussian-probability-density-for-forest-fire-detection-using-satellite-imagery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/118320.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">142</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3939</span> Wireless Sensor Network for Forest Fire Detection and Localization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tarek%20Dandashi">Tarek Dandashi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> WSNs may provide a fast and reliable solution for the early detection of environment events like forest fires. This is crucial for alerting and calling for fire brigade intervention. Sensor nodes communicate sensor data to a host station, which enables a global analysis and the generation of a reliable decision on a potential fire and its location. A WSN with TinyOS and nesC for the capturing and transmission of a variety of sensor information with controlled source, data rates, duration, and the records/displaying activity traces is presented. We propose a similarity distance (SD) between the distribution of currently sensed data and that of a reference. At any given time, a fire causes diverging opinions in the reported data, which alters the usual data distribution. Basically, SD consists of a metric on the Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF). SD is designed to be invariant versus day-to-day changes of temperature, changes due to the surrounding environment, and normal changes in weather, which preserve the data locality. Evaluation shows that SD sensitivity is quadratic versus an increase in sensor node temperature for a group of sensors of different sizes and neighborhood. Simulation of fire spreading when ignition is placed at random locations with some wind speed shows that SD takes a few minutes to reliably detect fires and locate them. We also discuss the case of false negative and false positive and their impact on the decision reliability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forest%20fire" title="forest fire">forest fire</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WSN" title=" WSN"> WSN</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless%20sensor%20network" title=" wireless sensor network"> wireless sensor network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=algortihm" title=" algortihm"> algortihm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9787/wireless-sensor-network-for-forest-fire-detection-and-localization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9787.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">262</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3938</span> Prediction of Fire Growth of the Office by Real-Scale Fire Experiment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kweon%20Oh-Sang">Kweon Oh-Sang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kim%20Heung-Youl"> Kim Heung-Youl</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Estimating the engineering properties of fires is important to be prepared for the complex and various fire risks of large-scale structures such as super-tall buildings, large stadiums, and multi-purpose structures. In this study, a mock-up of a compartment which was 2.4(L) x 3.6 (W) x 2.4 (H) meter in dimensions was fabricated at the 10MW LSC (Large Scale Calorimeter) and combustible office supplies were placed in the compartment for a real-scale fire test. Maximum heat release rate was 4.1 MW and total energy release obtained through the application of t2 fire growth rate was 6705.9 MJ. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire%20growth" title="fire growth">fire growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire%20experiment" title=" fire experiment"> fire experiment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=t2%20curve" title=" t2 curve"> t2 curve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=large%20scale%20calorimeter" title=" large scale calorimeter"> large scale calorimeter</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50330/prediction-of-fire-growth-of-the-office-by-real-scale-fire-experiment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50330.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">338</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3937</span> Instant Fire Risk Assessment Using Artifical Neural Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tolga%20Barisik">Tolga Barisik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Fuat%20Guneri"> Ali Fuat Guneri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Dastan"> K. Dastan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Major industrial facilities have a high potential for fire risk. In particular, the indices used for the detection of hidden fire are used very effectively in order to prevent the fire from becoming dangerous in the initial stage. These indices provide the opportunity to prevent or intervene early by determining the stage of the fire, the potential for hazard, and the type of the combustion agent with the percentage values of the ambient air components. In this system, artificial neural network will be modeled with the input data determined using the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm, which is a multi-layer sensor (CAA) (teacher-learning) type, before modeling the modeling methods in the literature. The actual values produced by the indices will be compared with the outputs produced by the network. Using the neural network and the curves to be created from the resulting values, the feasibility of performance determination will be investigated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artifical%20neural%20networks" title="artifical neural networks">artifical neural networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire" title=" fire"> fire</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Graham%20Index" title=" Graham Index"> Graham Index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=levenberg-marquardt%20algoritm" title=" levenberg-marquardt algoritm"> levenberg-marquardt algoritm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxygen%20decrease%20percentage%20index" title=" oxygen decrease percentage index"> oxygen decrease percentage index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20assessment" title=" risk assessment"> risk assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Trickett%20Index" title=" Trickett Index"> Trickett Index</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126049/instant-fire-risk-assessment-using-artifical-neural-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126049.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">136</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3936</span> Investigation of Arson Fire Incident in Textile Garment Building Using Fire Dynamic Simulation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohsin%20Ali%20Shaikh">Mohsin Ali Shaikh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Song%20Weiguo"> Song Weiguo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Kashan%20Surahio"> Muhammad Kashan Surahio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Usman%20Shahid"> Usman Shahid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rehmat%20Karim"> Rehmat Karim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigated a catastrophic arson fire incident that occurred at a textile garment building in Karachi, Pakistan. Unfortunately, a catastrophic event led to the loss of 262 lives and caused 55 severe injuries. The primary objective is to analyze the aspects of the fire incident and understand the causes of arson fire disasters. The study utilized Fire Dynamic Simulation (F.D.S) was employed to simulate fire propagation, visibility, harmful gas concentration, fire temperature, and numerical results. The analysis report has determined the specific circumstances that created the unpleasant incident in the present study. The significance of the current findings lies in their potential to prevent arson fires, improve fire safety measures, and the development of safety plans in building design. The fire dynamic simulation findings can serve as a theoretical basis for the investigation of arson fires and evacuation planning in textile garment buildings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=investigation" title="investigation">investigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire%20arson%20incident" title=" fire arson incident"> fire arson incident</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=textile%20garment" title=" textile garment"> textile garment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire%20dynamic%20simulation%20%28FDS%29" title=" fire dynamic simulation (FDS)"> fire dynamic simulation (FDS)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175170/investigation-of-arson-fire-incident-in-textile-garment-building-using-fire-dynamic-simulation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175170.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">90</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3935</span> A Small-Scale Study of Fire Whirls and Investigation of the Effects of Near-Ground Height on the Behavior of Fire Whirls</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Arabghahestani">M. Arabghahestani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Darwish%20Ahmad"> A. Darwish Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20K.%20Akafuah"> N. K. Akafuah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, small-scale experiments of fire whirl were conducted to study the spinning fire phenomenon and to gain comprehensive understandings of fire tornadoes and the factors that affect their behavior. High speed imaging was used to track the flames at both temporal and spatial scales. This allowed us to better understand the role of the near-ground height in creating a boundary layer flow profile that, in turn contributes to formation of vortices around the fire, and consequent fire whirls. Based on the results obtained from these observations, we were able to spot the differences in the fuel burning rate of the fire itself as a function of a newly defined specific non-dimensional near-ground height. Based on our observations, there is a cutoff non-dimensional height, beyond which a normal fire can be turned into a fire whirl. Additionally, the results showed that the fire burning rate decreases by moving the fire to a height higher than the ground level. These effects were justified by the interactions between vortices formed by, the back pressure and the boundary layer velocity profile, and the vortices generated by the fire itself. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boundary%20layer%20profile" title="boundary layer profile">boundary layer profile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire%20whirls" title=" fire whirls"> fire whirls</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=near-ground%20height" title=" near-ground height"> near-ground height</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vortex%20interactions" title=" vortex interactions"> vortex interactions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107924/a-small-scale-study-of-fire-whirls-and-investigation-of-the-effects-of-near-ground-height-on-the-behavior-of-fire-whirls" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107924.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">163</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3934</span> Forest Fire Risk Mapping Using Analytic Hierarchy Process and GIS-Based Application: A Case Study in Hua Sai District, Thailand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Narissara%20Nuthammachot">Narissara Nuthammachot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dimitris%20Stratoulias"> Dimitris Stratoulias</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fire is one of the main causes of environmental and ecosystem change. Therefore, it is a challenging task for fire risk assessment fire potential mapping. The study area is Hua Sai district, Nakorn Sri Thammarat province, which covers in a part of peat swamp forest areas. 55 fire points in peat swamp areas were reported from 2012 to 2016. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Geographic Information System (GIS) methods were selected for this study. The risk fire area map was arranged on these factors; elevation, slope, aspect, precipitation, distance from the river, distance from town, and land use. The results showed that the predicted fire risk areas are found to be in appreciable reliability with past fire events. The fire risk map can be used for the planning and management of fire areas in the future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analytic%20hierarchy%20process" title="analytic hierarchy process">analytic hierarchy process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire%20risk%20assessment" title=" fire risk assessment"> fire risk assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geographic%20information%20system" title=" geographic information system"> geographic information system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peat%20swamp%20forest" title=" peat swamp forest"> peat swamp forest</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113447/forest-fire-risk-mapping-using-analytic-hierarchy-process-and-gis-based-application-a-case-study-in-hua-sai-district-thailand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113447.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">211</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3933</span> A Review on Concrete Structures in Fire</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Iffat">S. Iffat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Bose"> B. Bose</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Concrete as a construction material is versatile because it displays high degree of fire-resistance. Concrete’s inherent ability to combat one of the most devastating disaster that a structure can endure in its lifetime, can be attributed to its constituent materials which make it inert and have relatively poor thermal conductivity. However, concrete structures must be designed for fire effects. Structural components should be able to withstand dead and live loads without undergoing collapse. The properties of high-strength concrete must be weighed against concerns about its fire resistance and susceptibility to spalling at elevated temperatures. In this paper, the causes, effects and some remedy of deterioration in concrete due to fire hazard will be discussed. Some cost effective solutions to produce a fire resistant concrete will be conversed through this paper. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete" title="concrete">concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire" title=" fire"> fire</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spalling" title=" spalling"> spalling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature" title=" temperature"> temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressive%20strength" title=" compressive strength"> compressive strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=density" title=" density"> density</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41154/a-review-on-concrete-structures-in-fire" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41154.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">443</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3932</span> Emissivity Analysis of Hot-Dip Galvanized Steel in Fire </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christian%20Gaigl">Christian Gaigl</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20Mensinger"> Martin Mensinger</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Once a fire resistance rating is necessary, it has to be proofed that the load bearing behavior of a steel construction under the exposure of fire still fits the static demands. High costs of passive fire protection, which satisfies the requirements, frequently result in a concrete solution. To optimize these expenses, one method is to determine the critical temperature according to the Eurocode DIN EN 1993-1-2. For this purpose, positive effects of hot-dip galvanized surface layers on the temperature development of steel members in the accidental situation of fire exposure has been investigated. The test results show a significant better heating behavior of hot-dip galvanized steel components compared to normal steel specimen. This leads in many cases to a R30 (30 minutes of ISO-fire) fire protection requirement of unprotected steel members and therefore to an economic added value. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire%20resistance" title="fire resistance">fire resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hot-dip%20galvanizing" title=" hot-dip galvanizing"> hot-dip galvanizing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel%20constructions" title=" steel constructions"> steel constructions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R30%20requirement" title=" R30 requirement"> R30 requirement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emissivity" title=" emissivity"> emissivity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94148/emissivity-analysis-of-hot-dip-galvanized-steel-in-fire" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94148.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">261</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3931</span> Effect of Fire Exposure on the Ultimate Strength of Loaded Columns</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hatem%20Hamdy%20Ghieth">Hatem Hamdy Ghieth</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the recent time many fires happened in many skeleton buildings. The fire may be continues for a long time. This fire may cause a collapse of the building. This collapse may be happened due to the time of exposure to fire as well as the rate of the loading to the carrying elements. In this research a laboratory study for reinforced concrete columns under effect of fire with temperature reaches (650 ْ C) on the behavior of columns which loaded with axial load and with exposing to fire temperature only from all sides of columns. the main parameters of this study are level of load applying to the column, and the temperature applied to the fire, this temperatures was 500oC and 650oc. Nine concrete columns with dimensions 20x20x100 cms were casted one of these columns was tested to determine the ultimate load while the least were fired according to the experimental schedule. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=columns" title="columns">columns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire%20duration" title=" fire duration"> fire duration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete%20strength" title=" concrete strength"> concrete strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=level%20of%20loading" title=" level of loading"> level of loading</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19444/effect-of-fire-exposure-on-the-ultimate-strength-of-loaded-columns" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19444.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">440</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3930</span> Accidental Compartment Fire Dynamics: Experiment, Computational Fluid Dynamics Weakness and Expert Interview Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Timothy%20Onyenobi">Timothy Onyenobi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Accidental fires and its dynamic as it relates to building compartmentation and the impact of the compartment morphology, is still an on-going area of study; especially with the use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling methods. With better knowledge on this subject come better solution recommendations by fire engineers. Interviews were carried out for this study where it was identified that the response perspectives to accidental fire were different with the fire engineer providing qualitative data which is based on “what is expected in real fires” and the fire fighters provided information on “what actually obtains in real fires”. This further led to a study and analysis of two real and comprehensively instrumented fire experiments: the Open Plan Office Project by National Institute of Standard and Technology (NIST) USA (to study time to flashover) and the TF2000 project by the Building Research Establishment (BRE) UK (to test for conformity with Building Regulation requirements). The findings from the analysis of the experiments revealed the relative yet critical weakness of fire prediction using a CFD model (usually used by fire engineers) as well as explained the differences in response perspectives of the fire engineers and firefighters from the interview analysis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD" title="CFD">CFD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compartment%20fire" title=" compartment fire"> compartment fire</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=experiment" title=" experiment"> experiment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire%20fighters" title=" fire fighters"> fire fighters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire%20engineers" title=" fire engineers"> fire engineers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61009/accidental-compartment-fire-dynamics-experiment-computational-fluid-dynamics-weakness-and-expert-interview-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61009.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">337</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3929</span> Canada Deuterium Uranium Updated Fire Probabilistic Risk Assessment Model for Canadian Nuclear Plants</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hossam%20Shalabi">Hossam Shalabi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=George%20Hadjisophocleous"> George Hadjisophocleous</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Canadian Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs) use some portions of NUREG/CR-6850 in carrying out Fire Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA). An assessment for the applicability of NUREG/CR-6850 to CANDU reactors was performed and a CANDU Fire PRA was introduced. There are 19 operating CANDU reactors in Canada at five sites (Bruce A, Bruce B, Darlington, Pickering and Point Lepreau). A fire load density survey was done for all Fire Safe Shutdown Analysis (FSSA) fire zones in all CANDU sites in Canada. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Standard 557 proposes that a fire load survey must be conducted by either the weighing method or the inventory method or a combination of both. The combination method results in the most accurate values for fire loads. An updated CANDU Fire PRA model is demonstrated in this paper that includes the fuel survey in all Canadian CANDU stations. A qualitative screening step for the CANDU fire PRA is illustrated in this paper to include any fire events that can damage any part of the emergency power supply in addition to FSSA cables. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire%20safety" title="fire safety">fire safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CANDU" title=" CANDU"> CANDU</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nuclear" title=" nuclear"> nuclear</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuel%20densities" title=" fuel densities"> fuel densities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FDS" title=" FDS"> FDS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=qualitative%20analysis" title=" qualitative analysis"> qualitative analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire%20probabilistic%20risk%20assessment" title=" fire probabilistic risk assessment"> fire probabilistic risk assessment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106512/canada-deuterium-uranium-updated-fire-probabilistic-risk-assessment-model-for-canadian-nuclear-plants" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106512.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">136</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3928</span> Optimizing Fire Suppression Time in Buildings by Forming a Fire Feedback Loop</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhdanova%20A.%20O.">Zhdanova A. O.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Volkov%20R.%20S."> Volkov R. S.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kuznetsov%20G.%20V."> Kuznetsov G. V.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Strizhak%20P.%20A."> Strizhak P. A.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fires in different types of facilities are a serious problem worldwide.It is still an unaccomplished science and technology objective to establish the minimum number and type of sensors in automatic systems of compartment fire suppression which would turn the fire-extinguishing agent spraying on and off in real time depending on the state of the fire, minimize the amount of agent applied, delay time in fire suppression and system response, as well as the time of combustion suppression. Based on the results of experimental studies, the conclusion was made that it is reasonable to use a gas analysis system and heat sensors (in the event of their prior activation) to determine the effectiveness of fire suppression (fire-extinguishing composition interacts with the fire). Thus, the concentration of CO in the interaction of the firefighting liquid with the fire increases to 0.7–1.2%, which indicates a slowdown in the flame combustion, and heat sensors stop responding at a gas medium temperature below 80 ºC, which shows a gradual decrease in the heat release from the fire. The evidence from this study suggests that the information received from the video recording equipment (video camera) should be used in real time as an additional parameter confirming fire suppression. Research was supported by Russian Science Foundation (project No 21-19-00009, https://rscf.ru/en/project/21-19-00009/). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compartment%20fires" title="compartment fires">compartment fires</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire%20suppression" title=" fire suppression"> fire suppression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=continuous%20control%20of%20fire%20behavior" title=" continuous control of fire behavior"> continuous control of fire behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feedback%20systems" title=" feedback systems"> feedback systems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148653/optimizing-fire-suppression-time-in-buildings-by-forming-a-fire-feedback-loop" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148653.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">129</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire%20detection&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire%20detection&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire%20detection&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire%20detection&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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