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role="navigation" style="background: #000 url(../../_media/elements/discharge/Ru.png) repeat-y center; background-size:contain;"> <span><a class="pure-menu-heading" href="https://winter.group.shef.ac.uk/webelements/"><img height="30" src="../../_media/icons/logo_60.png" alt="WebElements logo" /></a> <a class="white" href="../ruthenium/ruthenium_dioxide.html">Ruthenium dioxide</a></span> </div> </div> </div> <div id="main">  <div class="pure-g"> <div class="pure-u-1 pure-u-sm-1-1"> <div class="google_navbar_positioning"> <form action="http://www.google.com" id="cse-search-box"> <div> <input type="hidden" name="cx" value="partner-pub-9334432533380510:6223510783" /> <input type="hidden" name="ie" value="UTF-8" /> <input type="text" name="q" size="28" /> <input type="submit" name="sa" value="Search" /> </div> </form> <script> </script> </div> </div> </div> <main> <div class="pure-g"> <div class="pure-u-1 pure-u-sm-1-1"> <h1 class="d">Ruthenium dioxide</h1> </div> <div class="pure-u-1 pure-u-sm-1-1"> </div> </div>  <div class="pure-menu pure-menu-horizontal"> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-item pure-menu-selected d_menu"><a href="../../ruthenium/compounds.html" class="pure-menu-link">Ru compounds</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item pure-menu-has-children pure-menu-allow-hover d_menu"><a href="#" class="pure-menu-link">More compounds...</a> <ul class="pure-menu-children"> <li class="pure-menu-item, z_menu_item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="ruthenium_trifluoride.html">Ruthenium trifluoride: RuF<sub>3</sub></a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item, z_menu_item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="ruthenium_hexafluoride.html">Ruthenium hexafluoride: RuF<sub>6</sub></a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item, z_menu_item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="ruthenium_tetrafluoride.html">Ruthenium tetrafluoride: RuF<sub>4</sub></a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item, z_menu_item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="Ru-4_F-20.html">Tetraruthenium_eicosafluoride: [RuF<sub>5</sub>]<sub>4</sub></a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item, z_menu_item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="ruthenium_dichloride.html">Ruthenium dichloride: RuCl<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item, z_menu_item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="ruthenium_trichloride.html">Ruthenium trichloride: RuCl<sub>3</sub></a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item, z_menu_item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="ruthenium_tribromide.html">Ruthenium tribromide: RuBr<sub>3</sub></a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item, z_menu_item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="ruthenium_diiodide.html">Ruthenium diiodide: RuI<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item, z_menu_item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="ruthenium_triiodide.html">Ruthenium triiodide: RuI<sub>3</sub></a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item, z_menu_item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="ruthenium_dioxide.html">Ruthenium dioxide: RuO<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item, z_menu_item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="ruthenium_tetraoxide.html">Ruthenium tetraoxide: RuO<sub>4</sub></a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item, z_menu_item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="ruthenium_disulphide.html">Ruthenium disulphide: RuS<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item, z_menu_item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="ruthenium_diselenide.html">Ruthenium diselenide: RuSe<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item, z_menu_item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="ruthenium_ditelluride.html">Ruthenium ditelluride: RuTe<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item, z_menu_item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="K-1__Ru-1_O-4.html">Potassium perruthenate: KRuO4</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item, z_menu_item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="Ru-2_Cl_4_CO_6.html">Tricarbonyldichlororuthenium(II) dimer: [RuCl<sub>2</sub>(CO)<sub>3</sub>]<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item, z_menu_item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="K-2__Ru-1_Cl-6.html">Dipotassium hexachlororuthenate: K<sub>2</sub>[RuCl<sub>6</sub>]</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item, z_menu_item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="Ru-1_NH3-6__Cl-3.html">Hexaammine ruthenium trichloride: [Ru(NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>6</sub>]Cl<sub>3</sub></a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item, z_menu_item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="NH4-2__Ru-1_Cl-6.html">Diammonium hexachlororuthenate: (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>[RuCl<sub>6</sub>]</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item, z_menu_item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="K-4_Ru-1_CN-6_OH2-3.html">Tetrapotassium ruthenium hexacyanide trihydrate: K<sub>4</sub>[Ru(CN)<sub>6</sub>].3H<sub>2</sub>O</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item, z_menu_item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="K-2__Ru-1_Cl-5_OH2-1.html">Dipotassium aquopentachlororuthenate: K<sub>2</sub>[RuCl<sub>5</sub>(OH<sub>2</sub>)]</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item, z_menu_item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="Ru-1_Cl-1_NH3-5__Cl-2.html">Pentaammine chloro ruthenium dichloride: [RuCl(NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>5</sub>]Cl<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item, z_menu_item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="NH4-2__Ru-1_Cl-5_OH2-1.html">Diammonium aquopentachlororuthenate: (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>[RuCl<sub>5</sub>(OH<sub>2</sub>)]</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item, z_menu_item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="Ru-1_bipy-3_Cl-2_OH2-6.html">Tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium dichloride: [Ru(C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>8</sub>N<sub>2</sub>)<sub>3</sub>]Cl<sub>2</sub>.6H<sub>2</sub>O</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item, z_menu_item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="ruthenium_tris_acac.html">Ruthenium trisacetylacetonate: RuAcac<sub>3</sub></a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item, z_menu_item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="ruthenocene.html">Bis(cyclopentadienyl)ruthenium: Ru(C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item, z_menu_item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="Ru-1_H-2_CO-1_PPh3-2.html">Carbonyldihydridotris(triphenylphosphine)ruthenium: RuH<sub>2</sub>(CO)(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item, z_menu_item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="pentamethylruthenocene.html">Pentamethylruthenocene: Ru(C<sub>5</sub>Me<sub>5</sub>)<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item, z_menu_item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="ruthenium_pentacarbonyl.html">Ruthenium pentacarbonyl: Ru(CO)<sub>5</sub></a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item, z_menu_item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="diruthenium_enneacarbonyl.html">Diruthenium nonacarbonyl: Ru<sub>2</sub>(CO)<sub>9</sub></a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item, z_menu_item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="triruthenium_dodecacarbonyl.html">Triruthenium dodecacarbonyl: Ru<sub>3</sub>(CO)<sub>12</sub></a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="pure-g"> <div class="pure-u-1 pure-u-sm-1-2"> <ul> <li><strong>Formula: </strong>RuO<sub>2</sub></li> <li><strong>Hill system formula: </strong>O<sub>2</sub>Ru<sub>1</sub></li> <li><strong>CAS registry number: </strong>[12036-10-1]</li> <li><strong>Formula weight: </strong>133.069</li> <li><strong>Class: </strong>oxide </li> <li><strong>Colour: </strong>blue-black or grey-black</li> <li><strong>Appearance: </strong>crystalline solid or powder</li> <li><strong>Melting point: </strong>1200°C (sublimes)</li> <li><strong>Boiling point: </strong></li> <li><strong>Density: </strong>7050 kg m<sup>-3</sup></li> </ul> </div> <div class="pure-u-1 pure-u-sm-1-2"> <div class="adsense300"><style> .elements_top_responsive { width: 300px; height: 100px; } @media(min-width: 500px) { .elements_top_responsive { width: 300px; height: 100px; } } @media(min-width: 800px) { .elements_top_responsive { width: 300px; height: 250px; max-height: 250px; } } </style> <script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script>  <ins class="adsbygoogle elements_top_responsive" style="display:block" data-ad-client="ca-pub-9334432533380510" data-ad-slot="3500594389"</ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> </div> </div> <p class="p_first">The following are some synonyms of <strong>ruthenium dioxide</strong>:</p> <div> <ul class="synonyms"> <li>ruthenium dioxide</li> <li>ruthenium(IV) oxide</li> <li>ruthenium oxide</li> </ul> </div> <p class="p_first break"> The oxidation number of ruthenium in ruthenium dioxide is <strong>4</strong>.</p> <h2 class="d">Synthesis</h2> <p>Not available</p> <div class="adsense_responsive"><script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script>  <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:block" data-ad-client="ca-pub-9334432533380510" data-ad-slot="4479092381" data-ad-format="auto"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script></div> <h2 class="d">Solid state structure</h2> <ul> <li><strong>Geometry of ruthenium: </strong></li> <li><strong>Prototypical structure: </strong>TiO2 (rutile)</li> </ul> <p><img class="pure-img" src="../../_media/compounds/Ru/O2Ru1-12036101.jpg" alt="Crystal structure of ruthenium dioxide" /></p> <h2 class="d">Element analysis</h2> <p>The table shows element percentages for RuO<sub>2</sub> (ruthenium dioxide).</p> <table class="pure-table pure-table-bordered"> <thead> <tr> <th>Element</th> <th>%</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr><td> O</td> <td> 24.05</td> </tr> <tr><td> Ru</td> <td> 75.95</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h2 class="d">Isotope pattern for RuO<sub>2</sub></h2> <p>The chart below shows the calculated isotope pattern for the formula <strong>RuO<sub>2</sub></strong> with the most intense ion set to 100%.</p> <script> $(function () { $('#containerruthenium_dioxide').highcharts( { chart: {type: 'column' }, title: {text: 'RuO<sub>2</sub> isotope pattern', useHTML: true }, credits: {text: 'www.webelements.com', href: 'https://www.webelements.com/' }, legend: {enabled: false}, xAxis: {categories: [ 128,129,130,131,132,133,134,135,136,137,138 ] }, yAxis: {min: 0, max: 100, title: {text: 'Relative abundance/%'}}, tooltip: { headerFormat: '<span style="font-size:9px">{point.key}</span><table>', pointFormat: '<tr><td style="color:{series.color};padding:0">{series.name}: </td>' + '<td style="padding:0"><strong>{point.y:.1f} %</strong></td></tr>', footerFormat: '</table>', shared: true, useHTML: true }, plotOptions: {column: {pointPadding: 0.2, borderWidth: 0 } }, series: [{ name: 'RuO<sub>2</sub>', data: [ 17.4,0.0,6.0,40.1,39.8,53.9,100.0,0.3,59.5,0.0,0.2 ] }] }, function (chart) { // on complete chart.renderer.image('../../_media/icons/logo_60.png', 20, 10, 27, 15) .add(); }); }); </script> <div id="containerruthenium_dioxide" style="width:100%; height:300px;"></div> <h3 class="d">References</h3> <p>The data on these compounds pages are assembled and adapted from the primary literature and several other sources including the following.</p> <ul> <li>R.T. Sanderson in <em>Chemical Periodicity</em>, Reinhold, New York, USA, 1960.</li> <li>N.N. Greenwood and A. Earnshaw in <em><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0750633654/webelements">Chemistry of the Elements</a></em>, 2nd edition, Butterworth, UK, 1997.</li> <li>F.A. Cotton, G. Wilkinson, C.A. Murillo, and M. Bochmann, in <em><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0471199575/webelements">Advanced Inorganic Chemistry</a></em>, John Wiley & Sons, 1999.</li> <li>A.F. Trotman-Dickenson, (ed.) in <em>Comprehensive Inorganic Chemistry</em>, Pergamon, Oxford, UK, 1973.</li> <li>R.W.G. Wyckoff, in <em>Crystal Structures</em>, volume 1, Interscience, John Wiley & Sons, 1963.</li> <li>A.R.West in <em><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0471987565/webelements">Basic solid state chemistry Chemistry</a></em>, John Wiley & Sons, 1999.</li> <li>A.F. Wells in <em>Structural inorganic chemistry</em>, 4th edition, Oxford, UK, 1975.</li> <li>J.D.H. Donnay, (ed.) in <em>Crystal data determinative tables</em>, ACA monograph number 5, American Crystallographic Association, USA, 1963.</li> <li>D.R. Lide, (ed.) in <em><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0849304806/webelements">Chemical Rubber Company handbook of chemistry and physics</a></em>, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA, 77th edition, 1996.</li> <li>J.W. Mellor in <em>A comprehensive treatise on inorganic and theoretical chemistry</em>, volumes 1-16, Longmans, London, UK, 1922-1937.</li> <li>J.E. Macintyre (ed.) in <em>Dictionary of inorganic compounds</em>, volumes 1-3, Chapman & Hall, London, UK, 1992.</li> </ul> </main> <h2 class="d">Explore periodic propertes from these links</h2> <div class="pure-g" style="background: #ddd;"> <div class="pure-u-1-2 pure-u-sm-1-2 pure-u-lg-1-4 pure-menu custom-restricted-width"> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../../periodicity/abundance/">Abundances</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../../periodicity/atomic_number/">Atomic numbers</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../../periodicity/atomic_spectra/">Atomic spectra</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../../periodicity/atomic_weight/">Atomic weights</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../../periodicity/block/">Block in periodic table</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" 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