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In the wake of a war that had torn the continent apart, a small group of scientists and policy-makers created CERN in an attempt to use fundamental research to reunite Europe.</p> <p>From 12 founding members, the organization has today grown to 21 states, with scientists at the lab hailing from almost 100 countries around the globe.</p> <p>While <a href="https://webcast.web.cern.ch/webcast/">CERN hosts a celebration</a> at its home near Geneva, Switzerland, <em>Nature</em> looks back at some of the lab’s most significant moments from the past six decades. The links below are to a mixture of free and paywall pages, and will no doubt miss out many big CERN moments. Please add your own to the comments section below.<em> </em></p> <p><strong>1954:</strong> CERN is set up. <a href="https://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v172/n4380/pdf/172646a0.pdf"><em>Nature</em> outlines plans for the organization</a> in an essay published in October of the previous year. CERN’s ‘official birth’ had come in 1952, with <a href="https://timeline.web.cern.ch/cern-is-born-mother-and-child-are-doing-well">an agreement establishing the provisional council</a>.</p> <p><strong>1968:</strong> <a href="https://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v467/n7319/full/4671048a.html">Georges Charpak</a> invents the multiwire proportional chamber. Until this time, particle physics had looked for traces of particle collisions by photographing their wake in bubble chambers or spark chambers. Charpak’s invention — a gas-filled box in which amplifiers boosted the signals detected by each wire — allowed for a 1,000-fold increase in detection rate. To this day, most high-energy physics experiments still use detectors based on this principle. Charpak’s <a href="https://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v467/n7319/full/4671048a.html"><em>Nature</em> obituary</a> in 2010 celebrated his life and achievements.</p> <p><strong>1978:</strong> CERN <a href="https://timeline.web.cern.ch/first-storage-of-antiprotons">stores antiprotons for the first time</a>. Paul Dirac had predicted the existence of antimatter in 1928, and antiprotons were discovered in 1932. In 1978, CERN succeeds in circulating several hundred antiprotons for 85 hours in a machine called the Initial Cooling Experiment, in a study aimed at exploring the feasibility of colliding beams of high-energy protons and antiprotons. Today CERN’s antiproton decelerator delivers low-energy antiprotons for studies a range of experiments studying the properties of antimatter.</p> <p><strong>1983:</strong> CERN’s 6.9-kilometre-long Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) discovers the particle carriers of the weak force, the W and Z bosons. In this <a href="https://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v302/n5908/pdf/302478a0.pdf"><em>Nature</em> News and Views </a>from April 1983, Frank Close, a particle physicist now at the University of Oxford, UK, discusses the first signs of the W boson at the SPS’s UA1 experiment, and hints that the Z will be next.</p> <p><strong>1984:</strong> According to a <em>Nature</em> News & Views (penned by John Maddox, then <em>Nature</em>‘s editor-in-chief), <a href="https://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v310/n5973/pdf/310097a0.pdf">CERN discovers the top quark,</a> the last missing element in the family of six known quarks that includes the ‘up’ and ‘down’ quarks that make up protons and neutrons. That announcement, however, will turn out to be premature, and the credit for the discovery of the top quark now goes universally to CERN’s biggest US competitor, the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab) in Batavia, Illinois. It found the top quark in 1995.</p> <p><strong>1989:</strong> CERN computer scientist Tim Berners-Lee’s <a href="https://www.w3.org/History/1989/proposal.rtf">drafts a paper </a>outlining plans for an information-management system, which at the time he termed “the mesh” but which later becomes known as the World Wide Web. Berners-Lee’s boss, Mike Sendall, famously replies that the proposal was “vague, but exciting”, giving Berners-Lee the green light for development. The world’s <a href="https://info.cern.ch/hypertext/WWW/TheProject.html">first web page address</a> is born the following year (this copy is from 1992).</p> <p><strong>2000:</strong> The 27-kilometre Large Electron-Positron (LEP) collider at CERN closes after 11 years of operation to make way for the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), to be built in the same tunnels. LEP experiments have confirmed the Standard Model, the theory that describes fundamental particles and forces, to an extraordinary degree of precision. <a href="https://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v411/n6834/full/nj6834-04a0.html"><em>Nature</em> reporter Alex Hellmans reports</a> on the melancholy, and hope, in the wake of the shutdown.</p> <p><strong>2012:</strong> On 4 July scientists at the LHC’s ATLAS and CMS experiments announce that they have found a clear signal of the Higgs boson, and reporter Geoff Brumfiel <a href="https://blogs.nature.com/news/2012/07/live-blog-the-higgs-announcement.html">records the moment in a live blog</a> (and later <a href="https://www.nature.com/news/physicists-declare-victory-in-higgs-hunt-1.10940">in an article</a>). The announcement, made by the ATLAS and CMS experiments, causes waves around the world, and in 2013 earns theoretical physicists François Englert and Peter Higgs the Nobel Prize in Physics for their prediction of the mechanism.</p> </div> </section> <div class="wpn-entry-meta"> <aside> <div class="article-tools cleared"> <h2 class="hidden">Article tools</h2> <ul id="wpn-share-post-47211" class="wpn-entry-user-actions"> <li class="wpn-entry-comment-link"><a class="comments-link" href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/cern-at-60-biggest-moments-at-flagship-physics-lab/#respond" title="Comment on CERN at 60: Biggest moments at flagship physics lab">add a comment</a></li> <li class="sendtofriend"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/tell-a-friend?id=47211">Email</a></li> <li class="print"><a id="print-link" class="track" href="javascript:window.print();">Print</a></li> <li class="wpn-share-bookmark"> <h3 class="toggle-bookmarking-links">Share/bookmark</h3> <div id="bookmarking-links" 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Francisco</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-765"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/pramod-yadava/" >– Pramod Yadava</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-404"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/prashanth-bagali/" >– Prashanth Bagali</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-766"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/samuel-jk-abraham/" >– Samuel JK Abraham</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-772"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/viren-konde/" >– Viren Konde</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2475"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/2012/" >2012</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-453"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/about-this-blog/" >About this blog</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-120"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/academia-2/" >Academia</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1042"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/academics/" >Academics</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-503"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/access/" >Access</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-5791"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/acoustics/" >Acoustics</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1148"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/adaptation/" >Adaptation</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-238"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/admin-2/" >Admin</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-5883"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/advertorial/" >Advertorial</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2020"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/agriculture/" >Agriculture</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-356"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/aids/" >AIDS</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1149"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/alicia-newton/" >Alicia Newton</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-456"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/american-association-for-cancer-research/" >American Association for Cancer Research</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-464"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/american-association-for-the-advancement-of-science/" >American Association for the Advancement of Science</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-472"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/american-association-of-physical-anthropology/" >American Association of Physical Anthropology</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-468"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/american-astronomical-society/" >American Astronomical Society</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-485"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/american-geophysical-union/" >American Geophysical Union</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-467"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/american-physical-society/" >American Physical Society</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-461"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/american-society-for-cell-biology/" >American Society for Cell Biology</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-462"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/american-society-for-reproductive-medicine/" >American Society for Reproductive Medicine</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-457"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/american-society-of-human-genetics/" >American Society of Human Genetics</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-471"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/american-society-of-microbiology/" >American Society of Microbiology</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-32"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/andrew-mitchinson/" >Andrew Mitchinson</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-829"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/animal-behavior-society/" >Animal Behavior Society</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-592"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/animal-experiments/" >Animal experiments</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1146"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/anna-barnett/" >Anna Barnett</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-40"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/anne-pichon/" >Anne Pichon</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-807"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/antarctic-field-research-2010/" >Antarctic field research 2010</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-5433"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/anthropolgy/" >Anthropolgy</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-4539"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/anthropology/" >Anthropology</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-5967"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/apiculture/" >Apiculture</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-6475"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/arboriculture/" >Arboriculture</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2472"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/archaeology/" >Archaeology</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1118"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/archaeology-and-anthropology/" >Archaeology and anthropology</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2384"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/art-of-science/" >Art of Science</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-6011"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/artificial-intelligence/" >Artificial intelligence</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-5461"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/arts/" >Arts</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2361"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/ask-the-expert/" >Ask the expert</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-3761"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/astronomy-astrophysics/" >Astronomy & astrophysics</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1256"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/astrophysics/" >Astrophysics</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-512"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/author-benefits/" >Author benefits</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-500"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/author-services/" >Author services</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-513"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/author-services-feedback/" >Author Services Feedback</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-5687"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/authors-corner/" >Author's Corner</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-506"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/authorship/" >Authorship</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-16"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/award/" >Award</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-523"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/awards/" >Awards</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-3050"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/awards-and-prizes/" >Awards and prizes</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2353"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/away-from-home/" >Away from home</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-808"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/barcelona-climate-change-conference/" >Barcelona climate change conference</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-8226085"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/behind-the-paper/" >Behind the paper</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-6149"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/bio-imaging/" >Bio-imaging</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-497"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/bioinformatics/" >Bioinformatics</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-4"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/biological_approaches/" >Biological_approaches</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-328"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/biology-biotechnology/" >Biology & Biotechnology</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-25"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/biology-and-biotechnology/" >Biology and biotechnology</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2538"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/biophysics/" >Biophysics</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-549"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/biosecurity/" >Biosecurity</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1115"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/biotechnology/" >Biotechnology</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-239"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/blog-2/" >Blog</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-999"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/blog-information/" >Blog Information</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1157"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/blogging/" >Blogging</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/blogroll/" >Blogroll</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-486"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/blogs-we-like/" >Blogroll</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-66"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/books/" >books</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-337"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/books-arts/" >Books & Arts</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-934"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/boston-astronomy/" >Boston Astronomy</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-973"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/boston-biotech/" >Boston biotech</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-933"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/boston-research/" >Boston Research</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-922"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/boston-science/" >Boston science</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1029"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/breaking-news/" >Breaking News</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-14902807"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/browser-tabs/" >Browser tabs</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-454"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/burgess-shale-centenary/" >Burgess Shale Centenary</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-207"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/business-2/" >Business</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-407"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/business-development/" >Business development</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-218763"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/calls-for-submissions/" >Calls for Submissions</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-813"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/canadian-icebreaker/" >Canadian icebreaker</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1110"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/cancer-biology/" >Cancer biology</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1152"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/carbon-markets/" >Carbon markets</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2830"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/career-paths/" >Career paths</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-505"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/careers/" >Careers</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-3451"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/careers-articles/" >Careers articles</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-6761723"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/cartography/" >Cartography</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-674"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/categories/" >Categories</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-12069269"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/celebrating-the-day-of-light/" >Celebrating the Day of Light</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-423"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/cell-and-molecular-biology/" >Cell and molecular biology</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2522"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/cell-biology/" >Cell Biology</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-90"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/chemistry-2/" >Chemistry</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-18"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/chemistry/" >Chemistry</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-6486427"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/chemistry-in-retrospect/" >Chemistry in retrospect</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-520"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/citation-analysis/" >Citation analysis</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1156"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/climate-change/" >Climate Change</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-391"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/climate-policy/" >Climate Policy</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1147"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/climate-prediction/" >Climate prediction</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-151"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/collaboration-2/" >Collaboration</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-135"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/communication-2/" >Communication</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-17"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/communities-happenings/" >Communities Happenings</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-3"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/community/" >Community</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-571"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/competing-interests/" >Competing interests</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-6331"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/competition-2/" >Competition</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-908"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/computational/" >Computational</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-51"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/computational-approaches/" >Computational approaches</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-7"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/computational_approaches/" >Computational_approaches</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-6089"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/computer-science/" >Computer science</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-3769"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/conference-highlights/" >Conference Highlights</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-13"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/conference-reports/" >Conference reports</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-510"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/conferences/" >Conferences</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-5547"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/conservation-science/" >Conservation science</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2382"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/cop18/" >COP18</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-16998238"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/covid19/" >COVID19</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-390"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/cryosphere/" >Cryosphere</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1301"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/cv/" >CV</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1163"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/daily-dose/" >Daily Dose</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-514"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/data-availability/" >Data availability</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-9"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/data-integration/" >Data integration</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-4147"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/data-matters/" >Data Matters</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-3302233"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/data-policy/" >Data policy</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1623389"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/datareuse/" >Data Reuse</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-5054529"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/design/" >Design</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-836"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/development/" >Development</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1984"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/diabetes-and-metabolism/" >Diabetes and metabolism</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-3325"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/digital-science-2/" >Digital Science</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-502"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/disciplines/" >Disciplines</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2809"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/diversity-2/" >Diversity</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2667"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/drug-discovery/" >Drug discovery</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-353"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/drugs-drugs-and-more-drugs/" >Drugs, drugs and more drugs</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-365"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/durban-climate-summit/" >Durban climate summit</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1111"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/earth-and-environment/" >Earth and environment</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-827"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/earth-system-science-partnership/" >Earth System Science Partnership</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-113"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/earth-environment-ecology/" >Earth, environment & ecology</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-3973"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/ebola/" >Ebola</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-811"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/ecological-society-of-america/" >Ecological Society of America</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1112"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/ecology/" >Ecology</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2659539"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/ecology-and-evolution/" >Ecology and Evolution</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2665"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/editor-posts-2/" >Editor Posts</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-39"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/editorials/" >Editorials</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-411"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/education/" >Education</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2408789"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/elisa-de-ranieri/" >Elisa De Ranieri</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-339"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/energy/" >Energy</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-6389"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/entomology/" >Entomology</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-405"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/entrepreneurship/" >Entrepreneurship</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-354"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/environment/" >Environment</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-7220771"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/environmental-sciences/" >Environmental sciences</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-318"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/ethical-social/" >Ethical / Social</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-435"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/ethics/" >Ethics</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-96"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/europe/" >Europe</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-817"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/european-society-of-human-reproduction-embryology/" >European Society of Human Reproduction & Embryology</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-830"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/euroscience-open-forum/" >Euroscience Open Forum</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-41"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/events/" >Events</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-818"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/everest-expedition/" >Everest expedition</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-499"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/evolution/" >Evolution</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1113"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/evolution-and-paleontology/" >Evolution and paleontology</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-71"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/expeditions/" >Expeditions</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2044"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/faculty-2/" >Faculty</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1075"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/featured/" >Featured</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-596"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/feedback/" >Feedback</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-3417"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/film/" >Film</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2857"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/films-2/" >Films</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-396"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/finance/" >Finance</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-340"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/financial-crisis/" >Financial Crisis</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-6713"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/first-rounders/" >First Rounders</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-792"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/five-day-filter/" >Five Day Filter</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-932"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/food-science/" >food science</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-524"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/format/" >Format</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-48"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/forum/" >Forum</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-332"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/fukushima/" >Fukushima</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-114"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/funding-2/" >Funding</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-131"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/funding/" >funding</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-37"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/gavin-armstrong/" >Gavin Armstrong</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-918"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/gene-expression/" >Gene expression</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-4770911"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/gene-function/" >Gene function</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-4205"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/gene-regulation/" >Gene regulation</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-450"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/general/" >General</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-109"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/general-interest/" >General interest</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-4337"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/genetic-association/" >Genetic association</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-26"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/genetics/" >Genetics</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2525"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/geneticsgenomics/" >Genetics & Genomics</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-10"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/genome-wide/" >Genome-wide</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-810"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/geological-society-of-america/" >Geological Society of America</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1852"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/geoscience/" >Geoscience</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-3531877"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/giulia-pacchioni/" >Giulia Pacchioni</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-6916603"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/global-issues/" >Global issues</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-815"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/global-seed-vault-opening/" >Global Seed Vault opening</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-434"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/grants-tenure-and-positions/" >Grants, tenure and positions</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-3344887"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/graphene-week/" >Graphene Week</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-6137"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/guest-blog-posts/" >Guest blog posts</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-4947"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/guest-features/" >Guest features</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-3014"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/guest-post/" >Guest Post</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-410"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/health/" >Health</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-330"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/health-and-medicine/" >Health and medicine</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-307"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/hints-and-wrinkles/" >Hints and Wrinkles</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-3873"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/history-of-genetics/" >History of genetics</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-67"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/history-of-science/" >History of science</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-954"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/hivaids/" >HIV/AIDS</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1636273"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/how-to-answer/" >How to answer</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1034"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/i-han-chou/" >I-han Chou</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-424"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/immunology/" >Immunology</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2232"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/import/" >Import</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1192"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/in-the-field/" >In the Field</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1150"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/in-the-news/" >In the News</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1038"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/in-your-element/" >In your element</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-119"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/industry-2/" >Industry</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2374"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/infectious-diseases/" >Infectious diseases</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2769"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/institutions/" >Institutions</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-10842855"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/interactions/" >Interactions</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-6525"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/interdisciplinarity/" >Interdisciplinarity</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-465"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/international-aids-conference/" >International AIDS conference</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-828"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/international-astronomical-union/" >International Astronomical Union</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1096"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/international-relations/" >International Relations</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-459"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/international-society-for-stem-cell-research/" >International Society for Stem Cell Research</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2419"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/internship/" >Internship</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-762"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/ip-tech-transfer/" >IP/ Tech Transfer</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-904"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/journal-happenings/" >Journal happenings</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-34"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/journal-journeys/" >Journal journeys</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-905"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/journal-policy/" >Journal policy</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-62"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/lab-life/" >Lab life</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-17296793"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/lab-story/" >Lab story</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-469"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/lepton-photon/" >Lepton Photon</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-9462111"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/libraries/" >Libraries</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2504255"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/liesbeth-venema/" >Liesbeth Venema</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-3381875"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/lindau-lessons/" >Lindau lessons</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-53"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/lindau-nobel-laureate-meetings-lnlm/" >Lindau Nobel Laureate Meetings (lnlm)</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-4897"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/linkage/" >Linkage</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1851"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/local-news/" >Local news</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2617289"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/luigi-martiradonna/" >Luigi Martiradonna</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-466"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/lunar-and-planetary-science/" >Lunar and Planetary Science</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-350"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/malaria/" >Malaria</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-5855"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/marine-science/" >Marine science</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-914"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/mass-spectrometry/" >Mass spectrometry</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-33"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/materials-girl/" >Materials Girl</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1108"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/materials-science/" >Materials science</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1120"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/medical-research/" >Medical research</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-5581"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/medical-science/" >Medical science</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-13963801"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/meet-the-editor/" >Meet the editor</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-17019199"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/meeting-report/" >Meeting report</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1160"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/meetings/" >Meetings</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2068"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/mentoring/" >Mentoring</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-439"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/mentoring-and-training/" >Mentoring and training</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-662003"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/metadata/" >Metadata</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-917"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/metagenomics/" >Metagenomics</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2459"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/method-of-the-year/" >Method of the year</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1114"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/microbiology/" >Microbiology</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2526"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/microscopyimaging/" >Microscopy & Imaging</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-5481"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/military-science/" >Military science</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1043"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/misconduct/" >Misconduct</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-24"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/mit/" >MIT</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1151"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/mitigation/" >Mitigation</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-115"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/mobility-2/" >Mobility</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2523"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/model-organisms/" >Model Organisms</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-5"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/modeling/" >Modeling</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-5695"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/molecular-gastronomy/" >Molecular gastronomy</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-969"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/monthly-map/" >Monthly Map</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2288"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/move/" >Move</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-491"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/msb_updates/" >MSB updates</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1608"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/multi-scale/" >Multi-scale</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-3267"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/multimedia/" >Multimedia</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-15671667"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/my-science-failures/" >My science failures</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-6221"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/nano-engineering/" >Nano-engineering</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1068"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/nanotechnology/" >Nanotechnology</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-470"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/nasa-phoenix-landing/" >NASA Phoenix Landing</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-837"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/nascent/" >Nascent</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-338"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/natural-disasters/" >Natural disasters</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-5557251"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/natural-history/" >Natural history</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-3257"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/nature-covers/" >Nature Covers</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-6887463"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/nature-genetics-anniversary/" >Nature Genetics Anniversary</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-6663"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/nature-genetics-covers/" >Nature Genetics covers</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-4027"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/nature-genetics-standards/" >Nature Genetics standards</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-3271"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/nature-graphics/" >Nature Graphics</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-3014885"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/nature-india-annual-volume/" >Nature India Annual Volume</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-15581046"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/nature-india-essay-competition/" >Nature India Essay Competition</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-4759"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/nature-india-photo-contest/" >Nature India photo contest</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-6310361"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/nature-india-photo-story/" >Nature India Photo Story</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-6409"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/nature-india-special-issue/" >Nature India Special Issue</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-110"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/nature-methods-papers/" >Nature Methods papers</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-5617"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/nature-nanotechnology/" >Nature Nanotechnology</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-544"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/nature-network-round-up/" >Nature Network round-up</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2876355"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/nature-research/" >Nature Research</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-551"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/nature-com-blogs/" >nature.com blogs</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-903"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/nature-com-blogs-info/" >nature.com blogs info</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-35"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/nchem-research-highlights/" >NChem research highlights</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-36"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/neil-withers/" >Neil Withers</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-11"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/networks/" >Networks</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-909"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/neuroscience/" >Neuroscience</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-355"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/neurosciencemental-health/" >Neuroscience/mental health</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1035"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/new-in-nature/" >New in Nature</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-68"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/new-tools-and-techniques/" >New tools and techniques</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-300"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/news/" >news</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-4045"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/news-and-events/" >News and Events</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-308"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/news-and-updates/" >News and Updates</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-5615"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/njce15/" >NJCE15</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-816847"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/njcedusseldorf/" >NJCEDusseldorf</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1030"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/noah-gray/" >Noah Gray</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-508"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/npg-special-content/" >NPG special content</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2847"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/obituary/" >Obituary</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-351"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/odds-and-ends/" >Odds and ends</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-341"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/oil-spill-science/" >Oil spill science</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1912"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/olive-heffernan/" >Olive Heffernan</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1153"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/oliver-morton/" >Oliver Morton</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-342"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/on-nature-news/" >On Nature News</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-10871021"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/on-the-road/" >On the road</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-6681"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/open-access-2/" >Open access</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-9524167"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/open-acess/" >Open acess</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-444"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/open-peer-review/" >Open peer review</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-6661"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/ornithology/" >Ornithology</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-28"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/other-authors/" >Other authors</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-30"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/other-columns/" >Other columns</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-861"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/other-contributors/" >Other Contributors</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-393"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/palaeoclimate/" >Palaeoclimate</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-6117"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/palaeontology/" >Palaeontology</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-333"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/paleontology/" >Paleontology</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-875"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/particle-physics/" >Particle Physics</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-399"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/partnering-licensing/" >Partnering / Licensing</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-511"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/partners/" >Partners</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-451"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/peer-review-debate/" >Peer review debate</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-432"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/peer-review-feedback/" >Peer Review Feedback</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-449"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/peer-review-trial/" >Peer review trial</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2878"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/people/" >people</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-179"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/people-management-2/" >People Management</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-442"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/perspectives/" >Perspectives</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-69"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/philosophy-or-psychology-or-ethics/" >Philosophy or Psychology or Ethics</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-422"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/physics-2/" >Physics</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-329"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/physics-mathematics/" >Physics & Mathematics</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-13616183"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/physics-at-the-interface/" >Physics at the interface</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1107"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/physiology/" >Physiology</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-3467"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/picks-of-the-week/" >Picks of the week</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-4739"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/planetary-science/" >Planetary science</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-6099"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/planetary-sciences/" >Planetary sciences</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1119"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/plant-biology/" >Plant biology</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-5465"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/plant-sciences/" >Plant sciences</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1890"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/podcasts/" >Podcasts</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-522"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/policies/" >Policies</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-690"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/policies-feedback/" >Policies Feedback</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-47"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/policy/" >Policy</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-433"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/policy-and-public/" >Policy and Public</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-392"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/politics/" >Politics</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2752"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/pollution/" >Pollution</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-144"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/postdoc-2/" >Postdoc</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-145"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/postgraduate-2/" >Postgraduate</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-812"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/poznan-climate-change-conference/" >Poznan climate-change conference</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-539"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/pre-publicity/" >Pre-publicity</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2692"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/press-release/" >Press Release</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1162"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/print/" >Print</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-906"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/proteomics/" >Proteomics</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-303"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/protocols-methods-recipes-cookery-2/" >Protocols methods recipes cookery</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-516"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/public-and-media/" >Public and media</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-501"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/publications/" >Publications</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-49"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/publishing/" >Publishing</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-14452175"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/publishing-tips/" >Publishing tips</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-430"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/quality-and-value/" >Quality and value</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-515"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/quality-measures/" >Quality measures</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-8"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/quantitative/" >Quantitative</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-343"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/quotes-of-the-day/" >Quotes of the day</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1054"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/random-thoughts/" >Random Thoughts</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-4899"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/rare-diseases/" >Rare diseases</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-31"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/reactions/" >Reactions</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-401"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/regional-initiatives/" >Regional Initiatives</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-789"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/regulatory/" >Regulatory</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-284"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/relationships/" >Relationships</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2306"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/report/" >Report</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-910"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/reports/" >Reports</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-5693"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/repository-highlights/" >Repository Highlights</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-91"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/research-2/" >Research</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-3774143"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/research-findings/" >Research findings</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-408"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/research-highlights/" >Research Highlights</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-10884405"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/resources/" >Resources</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-919"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/rnai/" >RNAi</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-347"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/road-to-copenhagen/" >Road to Copenhagen</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-394"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/roberta-kwok/" >Roberta Kwok</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-6711"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/robotics/" >Robotics</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2641"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/roundup/" >Roundup</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1507"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/royal-institution/" >Royal Institution</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-907"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/schedules/" >Schedules</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-6063"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/scholarly-impact/" >Scholarly impact</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-13188201"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/sciart-scribbles/" >SciArt scribbles</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-418"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/science/" >Science</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-3065"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/science-administration/" >Science administration</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-74"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/science-around-the-world/" >Science around the world</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-45"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/science-calendars/" >Science calendars</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-20"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/science-communication/" >Science Communication</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-58"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/science-communication-and-outreach/" >Science communication and outreach</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-61"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/science-education/" >Science education</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-924"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/science-events/" >science events</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-52"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/science-festivals/" >Science festivals</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-64"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/science-film/" >Science film</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-823"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/science-journalism/" >Science Journalism</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-56"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/science-maps/" >Science maps</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-936"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/science-news/" >science news</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1727"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/science-online-bay-area-soba/" >Science Online Bay Area (SoBA)</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-54"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/science-online-london-solo/" >Science Online London (SoLo)</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2231"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/science-online-nyc/" >Science Online NYC</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-42"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/science-online-nyc-sonyc/" >Science Online NYC (SoNYC)</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1540"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/science-online-seattle-sosea/" >Science Online Seattle (SoSEA)</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1579"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/science-online-vancouver-sovan/" >Science Online Vancouver (SoVan)</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-70"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/science-organisations/" >Science organisations</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2086"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/sciences/" >Sciences</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-3315"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/scientific-american-2/" >Scientific American</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-362"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/scientific-publishing/" >Scientific publishing</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-5555987"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/scientific-reports/" >Scientific Reports</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-5417"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/scientists-on-the-move/" >Scientists on the move</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-912"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/sequencing/" >Sequencing</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-3035"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/sfn-meeting/" >SfN Meeting</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-8212377"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/silvia-milana/" >Silvia Milana</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-913"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/single-molecule/" >Single molecule</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2840"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/site-updates/" >Site Updates</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-975"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/soapbox-science-info/" >Soapbox Science Info</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2271"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/social-media-2/" >Social media</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-6527"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/social-sciences/" >Social sciences</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-835"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/social-software/" >Social software</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1926273"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/society/" >Society</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-814"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/society-for-american-archaeology/" >Society for American Archaeology</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-458"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/society-for-developmental-biology/" >Society for Developmental Biology</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-809"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/society-for-neuroscience/" >Society for Neuroscience</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-460"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/society-for-the-study-of-reproduction/" >Society for the Study of Reproduction</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-876"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/sonyc/" >SoNYC</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-108"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/space/" >Space</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-331"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/space-and-astronomy/" >Space and astronomy</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-315"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/spotlights/" >Spotlights</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-4317543"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/springer-nature/" >Springer Nature</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-6903485"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/springermaterials/" >SpringerMaterials</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-473"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/starting-the-lhc/" >Starting the LHC</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-257"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/stem/" >STEM</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-313"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/stem-cells/" >stem cells</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-358"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/stem-cellscloning/" >Stem cells/cloning</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-38"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/stephen-davey/" >Stephen Davey</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1951519"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/structural-biology/" >Structural Biology</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-916"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/structural-genomics/" >Structural Genomics</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-29"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/stuart-cantrill/" >Stuart Cantrill</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-504"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/support/" >Support</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-336"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/swine-flu/" >Swine flu</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-490"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/synthetic/" >Synthetic</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-463"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/synthetic-biology/" >Synthetic Biology</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-427"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/systems/" >Systems</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1084"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/systems-medicine/" >Systems Medicine</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-436"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/technical-solutions/" >Technical solutions</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-107"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/technology/" >Technology</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-208"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/technology-2/" >Technology</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-335"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/neat-technologies/" >Technology</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-164"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/tenure-2/" >Tenure</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1053"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/the-news-net/" >The News Net</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-316"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/there-and-back-again/" >There and Back Again</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-111"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/this-and-that/" >This and That</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1754"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/tools-and-techniques/" >Tools and Techniques</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-493"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/transcriptomics/" >Transcriptomics</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-359"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/tuberculosis/" >Tuberculosis</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-92"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/uk/" >UK</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/uncategorized/" >Uncategorized</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-137"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/undergraduate-2/" >Undergraduate</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-264"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/unemployment/" >Unemployment</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-223"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/union-2/" >Union</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-93"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/us/" >US</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2149"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/video/" >Video</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-55"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/video-and-podcasts/" >video and podcasts</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2373"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/virology/" >Virology</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2844"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/visualization-2/" >Visualization</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1913"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/wcc-3/" >WCC-3</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-6517"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/webcast/" >Webcast</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-2430"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/webcasts/" >Webcasts</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-43"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/weekly-round-up/" >Weekly round-up</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1967"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/weekly-update/" >Weekly Update</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-863"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/whats-new-in-nn/" >What's New in Nature Neuroscience</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1079"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/wildlife/" >Wildlife</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-419"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/wisdom/" >Wisdom</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-357"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/womens-world/" >Women's world</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-455"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/world-conference-of-science-journalists/" >World Conference of Science Journalists</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-484"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/world-science-festival/" >World Science Festival</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-352"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/world-watch/" >World watch</a></li><li class="cat-item cat-item-507"><a href="https://blogs.nature.com/blog/category/writing/" >Writing</a></li></ul></div><div id="wpn-npg-natureblogs-links-widget-8" class="wpn-widget wpn-npg-natureblogs-links-widget wpn-"><h2 class="box-heading">All nature.com blogs</h2>