CINXE.COM
University of Toronto
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r.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}({features:[pe,w,S,_e,Ie,O,M,at,dt,je,it],loaderType:"spa"})})()})();</script> <title>University of Toronto</title> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_QISz69Id_Yej25bKBU_vWPgqcIoZShTS8RCruIzbmZ4.css?delta=0&language=en&theme=bootstrap_uoft&include=eJyNjEGOAyEMBD_EwJOQGQxjycYIm13l94ly2dXkkksfqkpdVN18wcwF1iJNTZeEcqck0DE33lQ_paDZS1tm6pd_eodiuW3mf2pr89RZC_Bh_mAaPZy6MJ0qUwcOt3g_Og7Bsb_MsgCNIFgJUiN2XPGE6aQjTFjQX_1lqa49geMfiXvMXZjswhrsYY6SChiGH8JfS--NonUzPgF4IHyl" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_AmrBcd4jSAx8gJcim5aAl4wO3gzKMTy1zkp4FLz7bZs.css?delta=1&language=en&theme=bootstrap_uoft&include=eJyNjEGOAyEMBD_EwJOQGQxjycYIm13l94ly2dXkkksfqkpdVN18wcwF1iJNTZeEcqck0DE33lQ_paDZS1tm6pd_eodiuW3mf2pr89RZC_Bh_mAaPZy6MJ0qUwcOt3g_Og7Bsb_MsgCNIFgJUiN2XPGE6aQjTFjQX_1lqa49geMfiXvMXZjswhrsYY6SChiGH8JfS--NonUzPgF4IHyl" /> <link rel="preload" href="/themes/custom/bootstrap_uoft/gstatic/memvYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX2vVnXBbObj2OVTS-mu0SC55I.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin> <link rel="preload" href="/themes/custom/bootstrap_uoft/gstatic/memvYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX2vVnXBbObj2OVTSGmu0SC55K5gw.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin> </head> <body class="layout-no-sidebars page-node-171268 path-frontpage node--type-audience-page"> <a href="#main-content" class="visually-hidden focusable skip-link"> Skip to main content </a> <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-MFDGDNZ" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <div class="dialog-off-canvas-main-canvas" data-off-canvas-main-canvas> <div id="page-wrapper"> <div id="page"> <h1 class="screen-reader-only">Welcome to University of Toronto</h1> <header data-sticky-header data-sticky-offset="6" data-sticky-media="(min-width: 40rem)" data-sticky-selector="main *:focus" id="header" class="header" role="banner" aria-label="Site header"> <nav class="navbar bg-transparent navbar-expand-lg" id="navbar-main"> <div class="uoft-logo"> <a href="/" title="Home" rel="home" class="navbar-brand"> <img src="/themes/custom/bootstrap_uoft/logo.svg" alt="Home" class="img-fluid d-inline-block align-top" /> <span class="ml-2 d-none d-md-inline"></span> </a> </div> <div class="navbar-form desktop"> <div class="header-tools"> <section class="row region region-header-tools"> <nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-mainmenutools-menu" id="block-mainmenutools" class="settings-tray-editable block block-menu navigation menu--main-menu-tools" data-drupal-settingstray="editable"> <h2 class="visually-hidden" id="block-mainmenutools-menu">Main menu tools</h2> <ul class="clearfix nav" data-component-id="bootstrap_barrio:menu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://mail.utoronto.ca/" class="webmail nav-link nav-link-https--mailutorontoca-">Email</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a 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This is your roadmap to <strong>essential student, faculty and staff resources</strong>, <strong>academic and wellness supports</strong>, <strong>campus maps</strong>, <strong>where to eat</strong>, <strong>leadership messages</strong>, and more. Take a tour of this resource to discover your U of T!</p> <a class="btn" href="/utogether">Explore UTogether</a></div> <div class="col-md-8 rounded-image"> <div> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/scale_image_750_width_/public/2024-12/utogether-f24-01.png?itok=eWDpGZMu" width="750" height="342" alt="Three students talking and smiling" class="image-style-scale-image-750-width-"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="audience-row no-mt no-mb bs-no-pt bs-pb-l bg-transparent" > <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-6"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--layout-column-grid-audience-page paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="field field--name-field-components field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__items"> <div 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