Gastro-oesophageal reflux treatment for prolonged non-specific cough in children and adults

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new collection</label> </li> <li> <input type="radio" id="collections-action-panel-existing" class="collections-existing" name="collections" value="existing" checked="true" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="collections" data-ga-label="collections_radio_existing"> <label for="collections-action-panel-existing">Add to an existing collection</label> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="controls-wrapper"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap new-collections-controls"> <label for="collections-action-panel-add-to-new" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk"> Name your collection: </label> <input type="text" name="add-to-new-collection" id="collections-action-panel-add-to-new" class="collections-action-add-to-new" pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/" maxlength="100" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="create_collection" data-ga-label="non_favorties_collection"> <div class="collections-new-name-too-long usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message"> Name must be less than 100 characters </div> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap existing-collections-controls"> <label for="collections-action-panel-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-label"> Choose a collection: </label> <select id="collections-action-panel-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-selector collections-action-add-to-existing" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="select_collection" data-ga-label="($('#collections-action-add-to-existing').val() === 'Favorites') ? 'Favorites' : 'non_favorites_collection'"> </select> <div class="collections-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message"> Unable to load your collection due to an error<br> <a href="#">Please try again</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Adding..." data-pinger-ignore data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="collections" data-ga-label="add"> Add </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Add to Collections' panel" ref="linksrc=close_collections_panel" aria-controls="collections-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="collections" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="bibliography-action-panel" class="bibliography-action-panel action-panel in-progress-dots-panel" aria-hidden="true" data-bibliography-open-panel-enabled="false" data-bibliography-open-panel-url-hash="#open-bibliography-panel"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <h3 class="action-panel-heading"> Add to My Bibliography </h3> <form id="bibliography-action-panel-form" class="bibliography-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form action-panel-smaller-selectors" data-add-to-bibliography-max-amount="100" data-add-to-bibliography-batch-size="10" data-bibliography-delegates-url="/list-bibliography-delegates/" data-add-to-bibliography-url="/add-to-bibliography/" data-get-article-ids-by-search-url="/get-article-ids-by-search/" data-mybib-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/mybibliography/"> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="JmbQgtAwRMoLPpvcZMgjFbBxX6n29cjAsf7ijB4fOQHVnvBYyckjDLoM2mQKbIVc"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap bibliographies-controls"> <div class="choice-group"> <ul class="bibliographies-action-add radio-group-items"> <li> <input name="bibliography" id="my-bibliography" class="my-bibliography" type="radio" checked/> <label for="my-bibliography">My Bibliography</label> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="bibliographies-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message"> Unable to load your delegates due to an error<br> <a href="#">Please try again</a> </div> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Adding..." data-pinger-ignore> Add </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Add to bibliography' panel" ref="linksrc=close_bibliography_panel" aria-controls="bibliography-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="mybib" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="saved-search-action-panel" class="saved-search-action-panel action-panel " aria-hidden="true" data-saved-search-open-panel-enabled="false" data-saved-search-open-panel-url-hash="#open-saved-search-panel"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <h2 class="action-panel-heading"> Your saved search </h2> <form id="saved-search-action-panel-form" class="saved-search-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form" data-create-saved-search-url="/create-saved-search/" data-try-search-terms-url="/try-search-term/" data-saved-search-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/searches/"> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="JmbQgtAwRMoLPpvcZMgjFbBxX6n29cjAsf7ijB4fOQHVnvBYyckjDLoM2mQKbIVc"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-name" class="action-panel-label saved-search-name-label required-field-asterisk"> Name of saved search: </label> <input maxlength="200" type="text" name="saved-search-name" id="saved-search-name" class="saved-search-name" value="" required pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/"> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-term" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk"> Search terms: </label> <textarea name="saved-search-term" id="saved-search-term" class="saved-search-term" required></textarea> </div> <div class="test-search-term-wrap"> <a href="#" class="try-search-term">Test search terms</a> </div> <div class="choice-group action-panel-extra-margin-top"> <span class="action-panel-label" id="fieldset-label"> Would you like email updates of new search results? </span> <fieldset id="saved-search-alert" aria-describedby="fieldset-label"> <legend class="usa-sr-only">Saved Search Alert Radio Buttons</legend> <ul class="radio-group-items"> <li> <input type="radio" id="saved-search-alert-yes" class="saved-search-alert-yes" name="saved-search-alert" value="yes" checked> <label for="saved-search-alert-yes" class="action-panel-label">Yes</label> </li> <li> <input aria-label="No radio input" type="radio" id="saved-search-alert-no" class="saved-search-alert-no" name="saved-search-alert" value="no"> <label for="saved-search-alert-no" class="action-panel-label">No</label> </li> </ul> </fieldset> </div> <div class="alert-schedule-wrap"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label class="action-panel-label"> Email: </label> <span aria-label="Email address" id="saved-search-email" class="action-panel-label"><span class="action-panel-label-bold"></span> (<a class="myncbi-account-settings" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/settings/">change</a>)</span> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap action-panel-extra-margin-top"> <label for="saved-search-frequency" class="action-panel-label"> Frequency: </label> <select id="saved-search-frequency" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-frequency"> <option value="monthly">Monthly</option> <option value="weekly">Weekly</option> <option value="daily">Daily</option> </select> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap saved-search-monthly-additional"> <label for="saved-search-monthly-on-day" class="action-panel-label"> Which day? </label> <select id="saved-search-monthly-on-day" class="no-border-panel-selector"> <option value="Sunday">The first Sunday</option> <option value="Monday">The first Monday</option> <option value="Tuesday">The first Tuesday</option> <option value="Wednesday">The first Wednesday</option> <option value="Thursday">The first Thursday</option> <option value="Friday">The first Friday</option> <option value="Saturday">The first Saturday</option> <option value="day">The first day</option> <option value="weekday">The first weekday</option> </select> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap saved-search-weekly-additional"> <label for="saved-search-weekly-on-day" class="action-panel-label"> Which day? </label> <select id="saved-search-weekly-on-day" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-weekly-on-day"> <option value="Sunday">Sunday</option> <option value="Monday">Monday</option> <option value="Tuesday">Tuesday</option> <option value="Wednesday">Wednesday</option> <option value="Thursday">Thursday</option> <option value="Friday">Friday</option> <option value="Saturday">Saturday</option> </select> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-report" class="action-panel-label"> Report format: </label> <select id="saved-search-report" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-report"> <option value="DocSum">Summary</option> <option value="DocSumText">Summary (text)</option> <option value="Abstract">Abstract</option> <option value="AbstractText">Abstract (text)</option> <option value="MEDLINE">PubMed</option> </select> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-amount" class="action-panel-label"> Send at most: </label> <select id="saved-search-amount" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-amount"> <option value="1">1 item</option> <option value="5" selected>5 items</option> <option value="10">10 items</option> <option value="20">20 items</option> <option value="50">50 items</option> <option value="100">100 items</option> <option value="200">200 items</option> </select> </div> <div> <input type="checkbox" id="saved-search-send-if-no-result" class="saved-search-send-if-no-result" name="saved-search-send-if-no-result"> <label for="saved-search-send-if-no-result" class="action-panel-label smaller-checkbox"> Send even when there aren't any new results </label> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap option-text-in-email-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-email-text" class="action-panel-label"> Optional text in email: </label> <textarea name="saved-search-email-text" id="saved-search-email-text" class="saved-search-email-text"></textarea> </div> </div> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Saving..." data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="alert" data-ga-label="save"> Save </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Your saved search' panel" ref="linksrc=close_saved_search_panel" aria-controls="saved-search-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="alert" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="citation-manager-action-panel" class="citation-manager-action-panel action-panel" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <h2 class="action-panel-heading"> Create a file for external citation management software </h2> <form id="citation-manager-action-panel-form" class="action-panel-content action-form" action="/results-export-ids/" data-by-search-action="/results-export-search-data/" data-by-ids-action="/results-export-ids/" method="post" data-by-search-method="post" data-by-ids-method="post"> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="JmbQgtAwRMoLPpvcZMgjFbBxX6n29cjAsf7ijB4fOQHVnvBYyckjDLoM2mQKbIVc"> <input name="results-format" type="hidden" value="pubmed"/> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Sending..." data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="citation_manager" data-ga-label="save"> Create file </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Send citations to citation manager' panel" ref="linksrc=close_citation_manager_panel" aria-controls="citation-manager-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="citation_manager" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="rss-action-panel" class="rss-action-panel action-panel " aria-hidden="true"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <h2 class="action-panel-heading"> Your RSS Feed </h2> <form id="rss-action-panel-form" class="rss-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form" data-create-rss-feed-url="/create-rss-feed-url/" data-search-form-term-value=""> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="JmbQgtAwRMoLPpvcZMgjFbBxX6n29cjAsf7ijB4fOQHVnvBYyckjDLoM2mQKbIVc"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="rss-name" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk"> Name of RSS Feed: </label> <input maxlength="200" placeholder="Name" type="text" name="rss-name" id="rss-name" class="rss-name" value='' required pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/"> </div> <div class="rss-limit-wrap"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap action-panel-extra-margin-top"> <label for="rss-limit" class="action-panel-label"> Number of items displayed: </label> <select id="rss-limit" class="no-border-panel-selector rss-limit"> <option value="5">5</option> <option value="10">10</option> <option value="15" selected="selected">15</option> <option value="20">20</option> <option value="50">50</option> <option value="100">100</option> </select> </div> </div> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Creating..." data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="alert" data-ga-label="save"> Create RSS </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Your RSS' panel" ref="linksrc=close_rss_panel" aria-controls="rss-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="alert" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap rss-link-copy-wrap"> <label for="rss-link" class="usa-sr-only">RSS Link</label> <input placeholder="Your RSS Feed Link" type="text" name="rss-link" id="rss-link" class="rss-link" title="RSS Link"> <button type="button" disabled class="rss-link-copy-button disabled" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="rss" data-ga-label="copy"> Copy </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="article-page" id="article-page" data-article-pmid="21249664"> <aside class="page-sidebar"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <div class="full-text-links"> <div class="full-view"> <h3 class="title"> Full text links </h3> <div class="full-text-links-list"> <a class="link-item dialog-focus" 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collection: </label><input type="text" name="add-to-new-collection" id="collections-action-dialog-add-to-new" class="collections-action-add-to-new" pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/" maxlength="100" data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="create_collection" data-ga-label="non_favorties_collection"><div class="collections-new-name-too-long usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message"> Name must be less than 100 characters </div></div><div class="action-panel-control-wrap existing-collections-controls"><label for="collections-action-dialog-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-label"> Choose a collection: </label><select id="collections-action-dialog-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-selector collections-action-add-to-existing" data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="select_collection" data-ga-label="($('.collections-action-add-to-existing').val() === 'Favorites') ? 'Favorites' : 'non_favorites_collection'"></select><div class="collections-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message"> Unable to load your collection due to an error<br><a href="#">Please try again</a></div></div></div><div class="action-panel-actions"><button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Adding..." data-pinger-ignore data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="click" data-ga-label="add"> Add </button><button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Add to Collections' panel" ref="linksrc=close_collections_panel" aria-controls="collections-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="click" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button></div></form></div></div></div></div><button class="more-actions-button more-actions-dialog-trigger" title="Open dialog with more actions to take" ref="linksrc=more_actions_btn"></button><div class="display-options" 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<main class="article-details" id="article-details">   <header class="heading" id="heading"> <div class="full-view" id="full-view-heading"> <div class="article-citation"> <div class="publication-type" >Review</div> <div class="article-source"> <div class="journal-actions dropdown-block"><button id="full-view-journal-trigger" class="journal-actions-trigger trigger" ref="linksrc=journal_actions_btn" title="The Cochrane database of systematic reviews" tabindex="0" aria-controls="full-view-journal" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for journal The Cochrane database of systematic reviews" data-pinger-ignore> Cochrane Database Syst Rev </button><div id="full-view-journal" class="journal-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container" hidden aria-label="Dropdown menu for journal The Cochrane database of systematic reviews"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="journal-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link" 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Rev"[jour]' href="#"> Add to Search </a></li></ul></div></div></div><span class="period">. </span><span class="cit">2011 Jan 19;2011(1):CD004823.</span> </div> <span class="citation-doi"> doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004823.pub4. </span> </div> <h1 class="heading-title"> Gastro-oesophageal reflux treatment for prolonged non-specific cough in children and adults </h1> <div class="inline-authors"> <div class="authors"> <div class="authors-list"> <span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Chang+AB&cauthor_id=21249664" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Anne B Chang">Anne B Chang</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Royal Children's Hospital, Brisbane and Menzies School of Health Research, CDU, Darwin, Queensland Children's Respiratory Centre and Queensland Children's Medical Research Institute, Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, 4029." href="#full-view-affiliation-1" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 1 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Lasserson+TJ&cauthor_id=21249664" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Toby J Lasserson">Toby J Lasserson</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Gaffney+J&cauthor_id=21249664" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Justin Gaffney">Justin Gaffney</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Connor+FL&cauthor_id=21249664" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Frances L Connor">Frances L Connor</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Garske+LA&cauthor_id=21249664" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Luke A Garske">Luke A Garske</a></span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="short-article-details"> Affiliations <button class="more-details" id="toggle-authors" data-alt-text="Collapse" aria-controls="expanded-authors" aria-expanded="false" data-pinger-ignore data-fetch-url="/21249664/long-authors/" data-id-prefix=""> <span class="title"> Expand </span> </button> </div> <div class="extended-article-details" id="expanded-authors" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="expanded-authors" id="full-view-expanded-authors"> <div class="affiliations"> <h3 class="title"> Affiliation </h3> <ul class="item-list"> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-1" id="full-view-affiliation-1" ><sup class="key">1</sup> Royal Children's Hospital, Brisbane and Menzies School of Health Research, CDU, Darwin, Queensland Children's Respiratory Centre and Queensland Children's Medical Research Institute, Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, 4029.</li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <ul class="identifiers" id="full-view-identifiers"> <li> <span class="identifier pubmed"> <span class="id-label"> PMID: </span> <strong class="current-id" title="PubMed ID">21249664</strong> </span> </li> <li> <span class="identifier pmc"> <span class="id-label"> PMCID: </span> <a class="id-link" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=article_id_link&article_id=PMC6885040&id_type=PMC" href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6885040/" data-ga-category="full_text" data-ga-action="PMCID" > PMC6885040 </a> </span> </li> <li> <span class="identifier doi"> <span class="id-label"> DOI: </span> <a class="id-link" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=article_id_link&article_id=10.1002/14651858.CD004823.pub4&id_type=DOI" href="https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.cd004823.pub4" data-ga-category="full_text" data-ga-action="DOI" > 10.1002/14651858.CD004823.pub4 </a> </span> </li> </ul> <div class="in-clipboard-label " hidden> Item in Clipboard </div> </div> <div class="short-view" id="short-view-heading"> <div class="publication-type" >Review</div> <h1 class="heading-title"> Gastro-oesophageal reflux treatment for prolonged non-specific cough in children and adults </h1> <div class="short-citation"> <span class="authors-list"> <span class="authors-list-item "><span class="full-name">Anne B Chang</span><span class="citation-separator"> et al.</span></span> </span> <span class="citation-journal"> Cochrane Database Syst Rev<span class="citation-separator">.</span> </span> <span class="date"> <time class="citation-year" datetime="2011">2011</time><span class="citation-separator">.</span> </span> </div> <div class="more-article-details-section with-display-settings"> <button class="more-article-details" id="toggle-article-details" data-alt-text="Hide details" ref="linksrc=toggle_article_details" 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</span><span class="cit">2011 Jan 19;2011(1):CD004823.</span> </div> <span class="citation-doi"> doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004823.pub4. </span> </div> <div class="expanded-authors" id="short-view-expanded-authors"> <div class="authors"> <h3 class="title"> Authors </h3> <div class="authors-list"> <span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Chang+AB&cauthor_id=21249664" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Anne B Chang">Anne B Chang</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Royal Children's Hospital, Brisbane and Menzies School of Health Research, CDU, Darwin, Queensland Children's Respiratory Centre and Queensland Children's Medical Research Institute, Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, 4029." href="#short-view-affiliation-1" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 1 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Lasserson+TJ&cauthor_id=21249664" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Toby J Lasserson">Toby J Lasserson</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Gaffney+J&cauthor_id=21249664" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Justin Gaffney">Justin Gaffney</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Connor+FL&cauthor_id=21249664" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Frances L Connor">Frances L Connor</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Garske+LA&cauthor_id=21249664" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Luke A Garske">Luke A Garske</a></span> </div> </div> <div class="affiliations"> <h3 class="title"> Affiliation </h3> <ul class="item-list"> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-1" id="short-view-affiliation-1" ><sup class="key">1</sup> Royal Children's Hospital, Brisbane and Menzies School of Health Research, CDU, Darwin, Queensland Children's Respiratory Centre and Queensland Children's Medical Research Institute, Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, 4029.</li> </ul> </div> </div> <ul class="identifiers" id="short-view-identifiers"> <li> <span class="identifier pubmed"> <span class="id-label"> PMID: </span> <strong class="current-id" title="PubMed ID">21249664</strong> </span> </li> <li> <span class="identifier pmc"> <span class="id-label"> PMCID: </span> <a class="id-link" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=article_id_link&article_id=PMC6885040&id_type=PMC" href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6885040/" data-ga-category="full_text" data-ga-action="PMCID" > PMC6885040 </a> </span> </li> <li> <span class="identifier doi"> <span class="id-label"> DOI: </span> <a class="id-link" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=article_id_link&article_id=10.1002/14651858.CD004823.pub4&id_type=DOI" href="https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.cd004823.pub4" data-ga-category="full_text" data-ga-action="DOI" > 10.1002/14651858.CD004823.pub4 </a> </span> </li> </ul> <div class="in-clipboard-label " hidden> Item in Clipboard </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="actions-buttons inline"><div class="inner-wrap"><button class="full-text-links-button full-text-links-dialog-trigger" title="Open dialog with full text links" ref="linksrc=full_text_links"> Full text links </button><button class="citation-button citation-dialog-trigger" aria-label="Open dialog with citation text in different styles" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="cite" data-ga-label="open" 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value="pubmed">PubMed</option><option value="pmid">PMID</option></select></div></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="abstract" id="abstract"> <h2 class="title"> Abstract </h2> <div class="abstract-content selected" id="eng-abstract"> <p> <strong class="sub-title"> Background: </strong> Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is said to be the causative factor in up to 41% of adults with chronic cough. Treatment for GORD includes conservative measures (diet manipulation), pharmaceutical therapy (motility or prokinetic agents, H(2)-antagonist and proton pump inhibitors (PPI)) and fundoplication. </p> <p> <strong class="sub-title"> Objectives: </strong> To evaluate the efficacy of GORD treatment on chronic cough in children and adults with GORD and prolonged cough that is not related to an underlying respiratory disease, i.e. non-specific chronic cough. </p> <p> <strong class="sub-title"> Search strategy: </strong> We searched the Cochrane Airways Group Specialised Register, the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, EMBASE, review articles and reference lists of relevant articles. The date of last search was 8 April 2010. </p> <p> <strong class="sub-title"> Selection criteria: </strong> All randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on GORD treatment for cough in children and adults without primary lung disease. </p> <p> <strong class="sub-title"> Data collection and analysis: </strong> Two review authors independently assessed trial quality and extracted data. We contacted study authors for further information. </p> <p> <strong class="sub-title"> Main results: </strong> We included 19 studies (six paediatric, 13 adults). None of the paediatric studies could be combined for meta-analysis. A single RCT in infants found that PPI (compared to placebo) was not efficacious for cough outcomes (favouring placebo OR 1.61; 95% CI 0.57 to 4.55) but those on PPI had significantly increased adverse events (OR 5.56; 95% CI 1.18 to 26.25) (number needed to treat for harm in four weeks was 11 (95% CI 3 to 232)). In adults, analysis of H(2) antagonist, motility agents and conservative treatment for GORD was not possible (lack of data) and there were no controlled studies of fundoplication. We analysed nine adult studies comparing PPI (two to three months) to placebo for various outcomes in the meta-analysis. Using intention-to-treat, pooled data from studies resulted in no significant difference between treatment and placebo in total resolution of cough (OR 0.46; 95% CI 0.19 to 1.15). Pooled data revealed no overall significant improvement in cough outcomes (end of trial or change in cough scores). We only found significant differences in sensitivity analyses. We found a significant improvement in change of cough scores at end of intervention (two to three months) in those receiving PPI (standardised mean difference -0.41; 95% CI -0.75 to -0.07) using generic inverse variance analysis on cross-over trials. Two studies reported improvement in cough after five days to two weeks of treatment. </p> <p> <strong class="sub-title"> Authors' conclusions: </strong> PPI is not efficacious for cough associated with GORD symptoms in very young children (including infants) and should not be used for cough outcomes. There is insufficient data in older children to draw any valid conclusions. In adults, there is insufficient evidence to conclude definitely that GORD treatment with PPI is universally beneficial for cough associated with GORD. Clinicians should be cognisant of the period (natural resolution with time) and placebo effect in studies that utilise cough as an outcome measure. Future paediatric and adult studies should be double-blind, randomised controlled and parallel-design, using treatments for at least two months, with validated subjective and objective cough outcomes and include ascertainment of time to respond as well as assessment of acid and/or non-acid reflux. </p> </div> </div> <p class="disclaimer" id="disclaimer"> <a href="/disclaimer/" target="_blank" ga_category="literature_resources" ga_action="disclaimer_link" ga_label="under_abstract">PubMed Disclaimer</a> </p> <div class="conflict-of-interest" id="conflict-of-interest"> <h2 class="title"> Conflict of interest statement </h2> <div class="statement"> <p xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:p1="http://pubmed.gov/pub-one">Nil.</p> </div> </div> <div class="figures" id="figures"> <h2 class="title"> Figures </h2> <div class="figures-list" id="slides-container" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageGallery"> <figure class="figure-item " itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="0" data-label-slug="figure-1"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bc9d/6885040/11ea2dc7c77c/nCD004823-AFig-FIG01.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-0" role="button" data-image-width="494" data-image-height="206" data-image-alt="Figure 1" data-pmc-id="PMC6885040" data-figure-id="CD004823-fig-0001"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-0" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bc9d/6885040/7a53ee749edd/nCD004823-AFig-FIG01.gif" alt="Figure 1" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="494"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="206"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 1 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Risk of bias graph: review… </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 1 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Risk of bias graph: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item… </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-0" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Figure 1 </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Risk of bias graph: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item presented as percentages across all included studies.</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item " itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="1" data-label-slug="figure-2"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bc9d/6885040/a6316a0d53d5/nCD004823-AFig-FIG02.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-1" role="button" data-image-width="269" data-image-height="799" data-image-alt="Figure 2" data-pmc-id="PMC6885040" data-figure-id="CD004823-fig-0002"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-1" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bc9d/6885040/a431c87e8d3b/nCD004823-AFig-FIG02.gif" alt="Figure 2" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="269"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="799"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 2 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Risk of bias summary: review… </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 2 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Risk of bias summary: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item… </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-1" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Figure 2 </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Risk of bias summary: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item for each included study.</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item " itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="2" data-label-slug="figure-3"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bc9d/6885040/34f3fcd9b135/nCD004823-AFig-FIG04.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-2" role="button" data-image-width="695" data-image-height="368" data-image-alt="Figure 3" data-pmc-id="PMC6885040" data-figure-id="CD004823-fig-0003"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-2" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bc9d/6885040/4dac3d6100ba/nCD004823-AFig-FIG04.gif" alt="Figure 3" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="695"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="368"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 3 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Forest plot of comparison: 2… </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 3 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Forest plot of comparison: 2 PPI versus placebo (> 18 years), outcome: 2.1… </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-2" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Figure 3 </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Forest plot of comparison: 2 PPI versus placebo (> 18 years), outcome: 2.1 Clinical failures (still coughing at end of trial or reporting period).</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item " itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="3" data-label-slug="figure-4"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bc9d/6885040/73a5b60fd7f1/nCD004823-AFig-FIG03.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-3" role="button" data-image-width="740" data-image-height="128" data-image-alt="Figure 4" data-pmc-id="PMC6885040" data-figure-id="CD004823-fig-0004"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-3" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bc9d/6885040/f31c926513a0/nCD004823-AFig-FIG03.gif" alt="Figure 4" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="740"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="128"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 4 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Forest plot of comparison: 3… </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 4 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Forest plot of comparison: 3 PPI versus placebo (children), outcome: 3.1 Coughing (%… </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-3" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Figure 4 </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Forest plot of comparison: 3 PPI versus placebo (children), outcome: 3.1 Coughing (% days/week).</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item " itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="4" data-label-slug="figure-5"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bc9d/6885040/e6b625017278/nCD004823-AFig-FIG06.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-4" role="button" data-image-width="685" data-image-height="575" data-image-alt="Figure 5" data-pmc-id="PMC6885040" data-figure-id="CD004823-fig-0005"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-4" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bc9d/6885040/1dd2e1aa0b86/nCD004823-AFig-FIG06.gif" alt="Figure 5" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="685"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="575"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 5 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Cates plot: In the control… </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 5 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Cates plot: In the control group, 25 out of 1000 had a serious… </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-4" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Figure 5 </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Cates plot: In the control group, 25 out of 1000 had a serious adverse event over 4 weeks, compared to 123 (95% CI 29 to 399) out of 1000 for the PPI group</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item " itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="5" data-label-slug="figure-6"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bc9d/6885040/60f8647861aa/nCD004823-AFig-FIG05.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-5" role="button" data-image-width="600" data-image-height="400" data-image-alt="Figure 6" data-pmc-id="PMC6885040" data-figure-id="CD004823-fig-0006"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-5" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bc9d/6885040/433f5465431e/nCD004823-AFig-FIG05.gif" alt="Figure 6" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="600"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="400"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 6 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Funnel plot of comparison: 2… </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 6 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Funnel plot of comparison: 2 PPI versus placebo (> 18 years), outcome: 2.1… </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-5" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Figure 6 </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Funnel plot of comparison: 2 PPI versus placebo (> 18 years), outcome: 2.1 Clinical failures (still coughing at end of trial or reporting period).</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item tail" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="6" data-label-slug="analysis-11"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bc9d/6885040/838f37255433/nCD004823-CMP-001-01.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-6" role="button" data-image-width="566" data-image-height="119" data-image-alt="Analysis 1.1" data-pmc-id="PMC6885040" data-figure-id="CD004823-fig-00101"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-6" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bc9d/6885040/b04c03112030/nCD004823-CMP-001-01.gif" alt="Analysis 1.1" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="566"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="119"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Analysis 1.1 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Comparison 1 Thickened versus unthickened… </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Analysis 1.1 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Comparison 1 Thickened versus unthickened feeds (infants), Outcome 1 Subjects cured (of cough)… </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-6" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Analysis 1.1 </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Comparison 1 Thickened versus unthickened feeds (infants), Outcome 1 Subjects cured (of cough) at end of study.</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item tail" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="7" data-label-slug="analysis-12"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bc9d/6885040/ca73f8b34721/nCD004823-CMP-001-02.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-7" role="button" data-image-width="566" data-image-height="119" data-image-alt="Analysis 1.2" data-pmc-id="PMC6885040" data-figure-id="CD004823-fig-00102"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-7" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bc9d/6885040/40eaaaecc72f/nCD004823-CMP-001-02.gif" alt="Analysis 1.2" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="566"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="119"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Analysis 1.2 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Comparison 1 Thickened versus unthickened… </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Analysis 1.2 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Comparison 1 Thickened versus unthickened feeds (infants), Outcome 2 Cough frequency. </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-7" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Analysis 1.2 </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Comparison 1 Thickened versus unthickened feeds (infants), Outcome 2 Cough frequency.</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item tail" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="8" data-label-slug="analysis-21"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bc9d/6885040/c11b1d94c914/nCD004823-CMP-002-01.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-8" role="button" data-image-width="566" data-image-height="145" data-image-alt="Analysis 2.1" data-pmc-id="PMC6885040" data-figure-id="CD004823-fig-00201"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-8" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bc9d/6885040/4ecc22f55d1c/nCD004823-CMP-002-01.gif" alt="Analysis 2.1" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="566"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="145"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Analysis 2.1 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Comparison 2 PPI versus placebo… </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Analysis 2.1 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Comparison 2 PPI versus placebo (children), Outcome 1 Coughing (% days/week). </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-8" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Analysis 2.1 </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Comparison 2 PPI versus placebo (children), Outcome 1 Coughing (% days/week).</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item tail" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="9" data-label-slug="analysis-22"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bc9d/6885040/8caf31f8573e/nCD004823-CMP-002-02.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-9" role="button" data-image-width="566" data-image-height="145" data-image-alt="Analysis 2.2" data-pmc-id="PMC6885040" data-figure-id="CD004823-fig-00202"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-9" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bc9d/6885040/c7cd062f6999/nCD004823-CMP-002-02.gif" alt="Analysis 2.2" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="566"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="145"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Analysis 2.2 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Comparison 2 PPI versus placebo… </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Analysis 2.2 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Comparison 2 PPI versus placebo (children), Outcome 2 Clinical failures (still coughing at… </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-9" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Analysis 2.2 </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Comparison 2 PPI versus placebo (children), Outcome 2 Clinical failures (still coughing at end of trial or reporting period).</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item tail" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="10" data-label-slug="analysis-23"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bc9d/6885040/0b2b099beceb/nCD004823-CMP-002-03.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-10" role="button" data-image-width="566" data-image-height="145" data-image-alt="Analysis 2.3" data-pmc-id="PMC6885040" data-figure-id="CD004823-fig-00203"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-10" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bc9d/6885040/23ce4c2168b4/nCD004823-CMP-002-03.gif" alt="Analysis 2.3" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="566"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="145"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Analysis 2.3 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Comparison 2 PPI versus placebo… </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Analysis 2.3 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Comparison 2 PPI versus placebo (children), Outcome 3 Treatment‐emergent serious adverse events. </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-10" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Analysis 2.3 </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Comparison 2 PPI versus placebo (children), Outcome 3 Treatment‐emergent serious adverse events.</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item tail" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="11" data-label-slug="analysis-31"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bc9d/6885040/bcf32a34720e/nCD004823-CMP-003-01.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-11" role="button" data-image-width="566" data-image-height="248" data-image-alt="Analysis 3.1" data-pmc-id="PMC6885040" data-figure-id="CD004823-fig-00301"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-11" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bc9d/6885040/8f53e9424daa/nCD004823-CMP-003-01.gif" alt="Analysis 3.1" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="566"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="248"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Analysis 3.1 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Comparison 3 PPI versus placebo… </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Analysis 3.1 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Comparison 3 PPI versus placebo (> 18 years), Outcome 1 Clinical failures (still… </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-11" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Analysis 3.1 </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Comparison 3 PPI versus placebo (> 18 years), Outcome 1 Clinical failures (still coughing at end of trial or reporting period).</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item tail" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="12" data-label-slug="analysis-32"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bc9d/6885040/c8030d9f1367/nCD004823-CMP-003-02.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-12" role="button" data-image-width="566" data-image-height="248" data-image-alt="Analysis 3.2" data-pmc-id="PMC6885040" data-figure-id="CD004823-fig-00302"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-12" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bc9d/6885040/9015faa57f2e/nCD004823-CMP-003-02.gif" alt="Analysis 3.2" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="566"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="248"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Analysis 3.2 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Comparison 3 PPI versus placebo… </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Analysis 3.2 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Comparison 3 PPI versus placebo (> 18 years), Outcome 2 Mean cough score… </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-12" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Analysis 3.2 </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Comparison 3 PPI versus placebo (> 18 years), Outcome 2 Mean cough score at end of trial (1st arm cross‐over/parallel‐group trials).</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item tail" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="13" data-label-slug="analysis-33"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bc9d/6885040/296d4d2ed86d/nCD004823-CMP-003-03.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-13" role="button" data-image-width="566" data-image-height="272" data-image-alt="Analysis 3.3" data-pmc-id="PMC6885040" data-figure-id="CD004823-fig-00303"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-13" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bc9d/6885040/3e019d55d8dd/nCD004823-CMP-003-03.gif" alt="Analysis 3.3" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="566"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="272"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Analysis 3.3 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Comparison 3 PPI versus placebo… </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Analysis 3.3 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Comparison 3 PPI versus placebo (> 18 years), Outcome 3 Change in cough… </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-13" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Analysis 3.3 </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Comparison 3 PPI versus placebo (> 18 years), Outcome 3 Change in cough scores (end‐beginning of intervention ‐ 1st arm cross‐over/parallel‐group trials).</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item tail" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="14" data-label-slug="analysis-34"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bc9d/6885040/1183c5fc0f6b/nCD004823-CMP-003-04.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-14" role="button" data-image-width="566" data-image-height="157" data-image-alt="Analysis 3.4" data-pmc-id="PMC6885040" data-figure-id="CD004823-fig-00304"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-14" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bc9d/6885040/130a527d302d/nCD004823-CMP-003-04.gif" alt="Analysis 3.4" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="566"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="157"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Analysis 3.4 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Comparison 3 PPI versus placebo… </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Analysis 3.4 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Comparison 3 PPI versus placebo (> 18 years), Outcome 4 Change in cough… </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-14" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Analysis 3.4 </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Comparison 3 PPI versus placebo (> 18 years), Outcome 4 Change in cough scores (cross‐over studies; standardised scale).</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item tail" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="15" data-label-slug="analysis-35"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bc9d/6885040/597a1a534157/nCD004823-CMP-003-05.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-15" role="button" data-image-width="566" data-image-height="157" data-image-alt="Analysis 3.5" data-pmc-id="PMC6885040" data-figure-id="CD004823-fig-00305"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-15" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bc9d/6885040/414e36a5e78d/nCD004823-CMP-003-05.gif" alt="Analysis 3.5" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="566"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="157"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Analysis 3.5 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Comparison 3 PPI versus placebo… </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Analysis 3.5 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Comparison 3 PPI versus placebo (> 18 years), Outcome 5 Absolute cough scores… </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-15" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Analysis 3.5 </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Comparison 3 PPI versus placebo (> 18 years), Outcome 5 Absolute cough scores (cross‐over studies, standardised scale).</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item tail" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="16" data-label-slug="analysis-36"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bc9d/6885040/4293ce4be663/nCD004823-CMP-003-06.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-16" role="button" data-image-width="566" data-image-height="157" data-image-alt="Analysis 3.6" data-pmc-id="PMC6885040" data-figure-id="CD004823-fig-00306"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-16" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bc9d/6885040/fab329b15653/nCD004823-CMP-003-06.gif" alt="Analysis 3.6" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="566"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="157"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Analysis 3.6 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Comparison 3 PPI versus placebo… </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Analysis 3.6 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Comparison 3 PPI versus placebo (> 18 years), Outcome 6 Change in cough… </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-16" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Analysis 3.6 </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Comparison 3 PPI versus placebo (> 18 years), Outcome 6 Change in cough score after 4 weeks treatment (1st arm cross‐over/parallel‐group trials).</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item tail" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="17" data-label-slug="analysis-37"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bc9d/6885040/1ed97a8a28f2/nCD004823-CMP-003-07.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-17" role="button" data-image-width="566" data-image-height="157" data-image-alt="Analysis 3.7" data-pmc-id="PMC6885040" data-figure-id="CD004823-fig-00307"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-17" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bc9d/6885040/eed1a0873f76/nCD004823-CMP-003-07.gif" alt="Analysis 3.7" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="566"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="157"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Analysis 3.7 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Comparison 3 PPI versus placebo… </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Analysis 3.7 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Comparison 3 PPI versus placebo (> 18 years), Outcome 7 Difference in cough… </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-17" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Analysis 3.7 </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Comparison 3 PPI versus placebo (> 18 years), Outcome 7 Difference in cough scores at week 8 ‐ week 4 (1st arm cross‐over/parallel‐group trials).</div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="see-all actions-bar"> <button class="show-more" aria-controls="slides-container" data-ga-category="figure" data-ga-action="show_all"> All figures (18) </button> </div>  <div class="pswp figures-dialog" id="figures-dialog" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-hidden="true" data-image-gallery-uid="article-figures" aria-label="Figures Dialog">  <div class="pswp__bg"></div>  <div class="pswp__scroll-wrap">  <div class="pswp__container"> <div class="pswp__item"></div> <div class="pswp__item"></div> <div class="pswp__item"></div> </div>  <div class="pswp__ui pswp__ui--hidden"> <div class="pswp__top-bar">  <div class="pswp__counter"></div> <button class="pswp__button pswp__button--close" 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Epub 2023 Sep 12.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">Indian J Gastroenterol. 2023.</span> <span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">37698821</span></span> <span class="publication-type spaced-citation-item citation-part">Review.</span> </div> </div> </li> <li class="full-docsum"> <div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;"> <a class="docsum-title" href="/37425663/" ref="article_id=37425663&linksrc=citedby_articles_link&ordinalpos=4" data-ga-category="cited_by" data-ga-action="37425663" data-ga-label=""> Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A General Overview. </a> <div class="docsum-citation full-citation"> <span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Fashner J.</span> <span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Fashner J.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">HCA Healthc J Med. 2020 Aug 29;1(4):191-199. doi: 10.36518/2689-0216.1042. eCollection 2020.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">HCA Healthc J Med. 2020.</span> <span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">37425663</span></span> <span class="free-resources spaced-citation-item citation-part">Free PMC article.</span> <span class="publication-type spaced-citation-item citation-part">Review.</span> </div> </div> </li> <li class="full-docsum"> <div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;"> <a class="docsum-title" href="/35295236/" ref="article_id=35295236&linksrc=citedby_articles_link&ordinalpos=5" data-ga-category="cited_by" data-ga-action="35295236" data-ga-label=""> A double-blind randomised placebo-controlled trial investigating the effects of lesogaberan on the objective cough frequency and capsaicin-evoked coughs in patients with refractory chronic cough. </a> <div class="docsum-citation full-citation"> <span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Badri H, Gibbard C, Denton D, Satia I, Al-Sheklly B, Dockry RJ, Holt K, McGuiness K, Treadway S, Whorwell P, Houghton L, Lee A, Escott KJ, Lee T, Wilkinson G, Holt A, Canning BJ, Smith JA.</span> <span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Badri H, et al.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">ERJ Open Res. 2022 Mar 14;8(1):00546-2021. doi: 10.1183/23120541.00546-2021. eCollection 2022 Jan.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">ERJ Open Res. 2022.</span> <span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">35295236</span></span> <span class="free-resources spaced-citation-item citation-part">Free PMC article.</span> </div> </div> </li> </ul> <div class="actions-bar"> <a class="show-all-linked-articles" data-href="/?linkname=pubmed_pubmed_citedin&from_uid=21249664" data-ga-category="cited_by" data-ga-action="show_all" > See all "Cited by" articles </a> </div> </div> <div class="references" id="references"> <h2 class="title"> References </h2> <div id='top-references-list' class="references-lists-container"> <div class="refs-list"> <h4 class="refs-list-title">References to studies included in this review</h4> <ol id="top-references-list-1" class="references-list"> <li> <ol class="references-and-notes-list"> <li class="skip-numbering" value="1"> Chao HC, Vandenplas Y. 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Australian Journal of Oto‐Laryngology 1999;3(3):243‐6. </li> </ol> </li> </ol> <div class="actions-bar"> <button class="show-all" ref="linksrc=show_all_references_link" aria-controls="top-references-list-1" data-next-page-url="/21249664/references/" data-ga-category="reference" data-ga-action="show_more" > Show all 19 references </button> </div> </div> <div class="refs-list"> <h4 class="refs-list-title">References to studies excluded from this review</h4> <ol id="top-references-list-2" class="references-list"> <li> <ol class="references-and-notes-list"> <li class="skip-numbering" value="1"> Ahmad I, Batch AJ. Acid reflux management: ENT perspective. Journal of Laryngology & Otology 2004;118(1):25‐30. - <a class="reference-link" href="/14979968/" ref="linksrc=references_link&ordinalpos=1" data-ga-category="reference" data-ga-action="14979968" > PubMed </a> </li> </ol> </li> <li> <ol class="references-and-notes-list"> <li class="skip-numbering" value="1"> Allen CJ, Anvari M. Gastro‐oesophageal reflux related cough and its response to laparoscopic fundoplication. Thorax 1998;53(11):963‐8. - <a class="reference-link" href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1745120/" ref="linksrc=references_link&ordinalpos=1" data-ga-category="reference" data-ga-action="PMC1745120" > PMC </a> - <a class="reference-link" href="/10193396/" ref="linksrc=references_link&ordinalpos=2" data-ga-category="reference" data-ga-action="10193396" > PubMed </a> </li> </ol> </li> <li> <ol class="references-and-notes-list"> <li class="skip-numbering" value="1"> Allen CJ, Anvari M. Preoperative symptom evaluation and esophageal acid infusion predict response to laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication in gastroesophageal reflux patients who present with cough. Surgical Endoscopy 2002;16(7):1037‐41. - <a class="reference-link" href="/12165818/" ref="linksrc=references_link&ordinalpos=1" data-ga-category="reference" data-ga-action="12165818" > PubMed </a> </li> </ol> </li> <li> <ol class="references-and-notes-list"> <li class="skip-numbering" value="1"> Allen CJ, Anvari M. Does laparoscopic fundoplication provide long‐term control of gastroesophageal reflux related cough?. Surgical Endoscopy 2004;18(4):633‐7. - <a class="reference-link" href="/15026893/" ref="linksrc=references_link&ordinalpos=1" data-ga-category="reference" data-ga-action="15026893" > PubMed </a> </li> </ol> </li> <li> <ol class="references-and-notes-list"> <li class="skip-numbering" value="1"> Baldi F, Cappiello R, Cavoli C, Ghersi S, Torresan F, Roda E. Proton pump inhibitor treatment of patients with gastroesophageal reflux‐related chronic cough: a comparison between two different daily doses of lansoprazole. 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The efficacy of dietary intervention in the treatment of reflux cough [Abstract]. American Thoracic Society International Conference. 2008; A897 [#E121]. </li> </ol> </li> </ol> </div> <div class="refs-list"> <h4 class="refs-list-title">Additional references</h4> <ol id="top-references-list-4" class="references-list"> <li> <ol class="references-and-notes-list"> <li class="skip-numbering" value="1"> Altman DG. Confidence intervals for the number needed to treat. BMJ 1998;317(7168):1309‐12. - <a class="reference-link" href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1114210/" ref="linksrc=references_link&ordinalpos=1" data-ga-category="reference" data-ga-action="PMC1114210" > PMC </a> - <a class="reference-link" href="/9804726/" ref="linksrc=references_link&ordinalpos=2" data-ga-category="reference" data-ga-action="9804726" > PubMed </a> </li> </ol> </li> <li> <ol class="references-and-notes-list"> <li class="skip-numbering" value="1"> American Gastroenterological Association. American Gastroenterological Association medical position statement: guidelines on the use of esophageal pH recording. Gastroenterology 1996;110(6):1981. - <a class="reference-link" href="/8964427/" ref="linksrc=references_link&ordinalpos=1" data-ga-category="reference" data-ga-action="8964427" > PubMed </a> </li> </ol> </li> <li> <ol class="references-and-notes-list"> <li class="skip-numbering" value="1"> Birring SS, Prudon B, Carr AJ, Singh SJ, Morgan MD, Pavord ID. Development of a symptom specific health status measure for patients with chronic cough: Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ). Thorax 2003;58(4):339‐43. - <a class="reference-link" href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1746649/" ref="linksrc=references_link&ordinalpos=1" data-ga-category="reference" data-ga-action="PMC1746649" > PMC </a> - <a class="reference-link" href="/12668799/" ref="linksrc=references_link&ordinalpos=2" data-ga-category="reference" data-ga-action="12668799" > PubMed </a> </li> </ol> </li> <li> <ol class="references-and-notes-list"> <li class="skip-numbering" value="1"> Britt H, Miller GC, Knox S, Charles J, Valenti L, Henderson J, et al. Bettering the Evaluation and Care of Health ‐ A Study of General Practice Activity; 2002. <a href="Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Report no.: AIHW Cat. No. GEP‐10" rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank" title="External link: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Report no.: AIHW Cat. No. GEP‐10">Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Report no.: AIHW Cat. No. GE...</a>. </li> </ol> </li> <li> <ol class="references-and-notes-list"> <li class="skip-numbering" value="1"> Chang AB, Newman RG, Carlin J, Phelan PD, Robertson CF. Subjective scoring of cough in children: parent‐completed vs child‐completed diary cards vs an objective method. European Respiratory Journal 1998;11:462‐6. - <a class="reference-link" href="/9551755/" ref="linksrc=references_link&ordinalpos=1" data-ga-category="reference" data-ga-action="9551755" > PubMed </a> </li> </ol> </li> </ol> <div class="actions-bar"> <button class="show-all" ref="linksrc=show_all_references_link" aria-controls="top-references-list-4" data-next-page-url="/21249664/references/" data-ga-category="reference" data-ga-action="show_more" > Show all 43 references </button> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="publication-types" class="publication-types keywords-section"> <h2 class="title"> Publication types </h2> <ul class="keywords-list"><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link" aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Meta-Analysis" tabindex="0" aria-controls="keyword-actions-publication-types-0" aria-expanded="false" data-pinger-ignore> Meta-Analysis </button><div id="keyword-actions-publication-types-0" 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id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-5" class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container" hidden aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Cough / therapy*"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link" href="/?term=%22Cough%2Ftherapy%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" data-href="/?term=%22Cough%2Ftherapy%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Cough/therapy"[MAJR]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="mesh_term" data-ga-label="Cough / therapy*"> Search in PubMed </a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Cough" data-ga-category="search_mesh" data-ga-action="mesh_term_link" data-ga-label="Cough / therapy*"> Search in MeSH </a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link" 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class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link major" aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Gastroesophageal Reflux / therapy*" tabindex="0" aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-7" aria-expanded="false" data-pinger-ignore> Gastroesophageal Reflux / therapy* </button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-7" class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container" hidden aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Gastroesophageal Reflux / therapy*"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link" href="/?term=%22Gastroesophageal+Reflux%2Ftherapy%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" data-href="/?term=%22Gastroesophageal+Reflux%2Ftherapy%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Gastroesophageal Reflux/therapy"[MAJR]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="mesh_term" data-ga-label="Gastroesophageal Reflux / therapy*"> Search in PubMed </a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Gastroesophageal+Reflux" data-ga-category="search_mesh" data-ga-action="mesh_term_link" data-ga-label="Gastroesophageal Reflux / therapy*"> Search in MeSH </a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link" role="button" data-search-term=""Gastroesophageal Reflux/therapy"[MAJR]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="add_to_search" data-ga-label=""Gastroesophageal Reflux/therapy"[MAJR]" href="#"> Add to Search </a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link" aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Histamine H2 Antagonists / therapeutic use" tabindex="0" aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-8" aria-expanded="false" data-pinger-ignore> Histamine H2 Antagonists / therapeutic use </button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-8" class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container" hidden aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Histamine H2 Antagonists / therapeutic use"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link" href="/?term=%22Histamine+H2+Antagonists%2Ftherapeutic+use%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" data-href="/?term=%22Histamine+H2+Antagonists%2Ftherapeutic+use%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Histamine H2 Antagonists/therapeutic use"[MeSH]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="mesh_term" data-ga-label="Histamine H2 Antagonists / therapeutic use"> Search in PubMed </a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Histamine+H2+Antagonists" data-ga-category="search_mesh" data-ga-action="mesh_term_link" data-ga-label="Histamine H2 Antagonists / therapeutic use"> Search in MeSH </a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link" role="button" data-search-term=""Histamine H2 Antagonists/therapeutic use"[MeSH]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="add_to_search" data-ga-label=""Histamine H2 Antagonists/therapeutic use"[MeSH]" href="#"> Add to Search </a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link" aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Humans" tabindex="0" aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-9" aria-expanded="false" data-pinger-ignore> Humans </button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-9" class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container" hidden aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Humans"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link" href="/?term=%22Humans%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" data-href="/?term=%22Humans%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Humans"[MeSH]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="mesh_term" data-ga-label="Humans"> Search in PubMed </a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Humans" data-ga-category="search_mesh" data-ga-action="mesh_term_link" data-ga-label="Humans"> Search in MeSH </a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link" role="button" data-search-term=""Humans"[MeSH]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="add_to_search" data-ga-label=""Humans"[MeSH]" href="#"> Add to Search </a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div 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data-ga-action="mesh_term" data-ga-label="Proton Pump Inhibitors / therapeutic use"> Search in PubMed </a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Proton+Pump+Inhibitors" data-ga-category="search_mesh" data-ga-action="mesh_term_link" data-ga-label="Proton Pump Inhibitors / therapeutic use"> Search in MeSH </a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link" role="button" data-search-term=""Proton Pump Inhibitors/therapeutic use"[MeSH]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="add_to_search" data-ga-label=""Proton Pump Inhibitors/therapeutic use"[MeSH]" href="#"> Add to Search </a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link" aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic" tabindex="0" aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-11" aria-expanded="false" data-pinger-ignore> Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic </button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-11" class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container" hidden aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link" href="/?term=%22Randomized+Controlled+Trials+as+Topic%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" data-href="/?term=%22Randomized+Controlled+Trials+as+Topic%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic"[MeSH]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="mesh_term" data-ga-label="Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic"> Search in PubMed </a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Randomized+Controlled+Trials+as+Topic" data-ga-category="search_mesh" data-ga-action="mesh_term_link" data-ga-label="Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic"> Search in MeSH </a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link" role="button" data-search-term=""Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic"[MeSH]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="add_to_search" data-ga-label=""Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic"[MeSH]" href="#"> Add to Search </a></li></ul></div></div></div></li></ul> </div> <div id="substances" class="substances keywords-section"> <h2 class="title"> Substances </h2> <ul class="keywords-list"><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link" aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Histamine H2 Antagonists" tabindex="0" aria-controls="keyword-actions-substances-0" aria-expanded="false" data-pinger-ignore> Histamine H2 Antagonists </button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-0" class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container" hidden aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Histamine H2 Antagonists"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link" href="/?term=%22Histamine+H2+Antagonists%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" data-href="/?term=%22Histamine+H2+Antagonists%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&keyword="Histamine H2 Antagonists"[nm]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="substance" data-ga-label="Histamine H2 Antagonists"> Search in PubMed </a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=%22Histamine+H2+Antagonists%22" data-ga-category="search_mesh" data-ga-action="substance_link" data-ga-label="Histamine H2 Antagonists"> Search in MeSH </a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link" role="button" data-search-term=""Histamine H2 Antagonists"[nm]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="add_to_search" data-ga-label=""Histamine H2 Antagonists"[nm]" href="#"> Add to Search </a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link" aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Proton Pump Inhibitors" tabindex="0" aria-controls="keyword-actions-substances-1" aria-expanded="false" data-pinger-ignore> Proton Pump Inhibitors </button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-1" class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container" hidden aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Proton Pump Inhibitors"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link" href="/?term=%22Proton+Pump+Inhibitors%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" data-href="/?term=%22Proton+Pump+Inhibitors%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&keyword="Proton Pump Inhibitors"[nm]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="substance" data-ga-label="Proton Pump Inhibitors"> Search in PubMed </a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=%22Proton+Pump+Inhibitors%22" data-ga-category="search_mesh" data-ga-action="substance_link" data-ga-label="Proton Pump Inhibitors"> Search in MeSH </a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link" role="button" data-search-term=""Proton Pump Inhibitors"[nm]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="add_to_search" data-ga-label=""Proton Pump Inhibitors"[nm]" href="#"> Add to Search </a></li></ul></div></div></div></li></ul> </div> <div id="related-links" 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