CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" xmlns:fb="http://www.facebook.com/2008/fbml" class="wf-loading"> <head prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns# fb: https://ogp.me/ns/fb# academia: https://ogp.me/ns/fb/academia#"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name=viewport content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <meta rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/open_search.xml" title="Academia.edu"> <title>David Mason - Academia.edu</title>  <link href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-production.ico" rel="shortcut icon" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="57x57" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-57x57.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-60x60.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-72x72.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-114x114.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-144x144.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-194x194.png" sizes="194x194"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-96x96.png" sizes="96x96"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/android-chrome-192x192.png" sizes="192x192"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-16x16.png" sizes="16x16"> <link rel="manifest" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/manifest.json"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#2b5797"> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/mstile-144x144.png"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> <script> window.performance && window.performance.measure && window.performance.measure("Time To First Byte", "requestStart", "responseStart"); </script> <script> (function() { if (!window.URLSearchParams || !window.history || !window.history.replaceState) { return; } var searchParams = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search); var paramsToDelete = [ 'fs', 'sm', 'swp', 'iid', 'nbs', 'rcc', // related content category 'rcpos', // related content carousel position 'rcpg', // related carousel page 'rchid', // related content hit id 'f_ri', // research interest id, for SEO tracking 'f_fri', // featured research interest, for SEO tracking (param key without value) 'f_rid', // from research interest directory for SEO tracking 'f_loswp', // from research interest pills on LOSWP sidebar for SEO tracking 'rhid', // referrring hit id ]; if (paramsToDelete.every((key) => searchParams.get(key) === null)) { return; } paramsToDelete.forEach((key) => { searchParams.delete(key); }); var cleanUrl = new URL(window.location.href); cleanUrl.search = searchParams.toString(); history.replaceState({}, document.title, cleanUrl); })(); </script> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "profiles/works", 'action': "summary", 'controller_action': 'profiles/works#summary', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script type="text/javascript"> window.sendUserTiming = function(timingName) { if (!(window.performance && window.performance.measure)) return; var entries = window.performance.getEntriesByName(timingName, "measure"); if (entries.length !== 1) return; var timingValue = Math.round(entries[0].duration); gtag('event', 'timing_complete', { name: timingName, value: timingValue, event_category: 'User-centric', }); }; window.sendUserTiming("Time To First Byte"); </script> <meta name="csrf-param" content="authenticity_token" /> <meta name="csrf-token" content="+BkvOqkur6QtKLqZ/A+IhFxt4c8KoGLLZ6oH/nRIHsWEqs9ipHqDZlWhvsEvLNBz0Mid1rQPHreZvrpuLCpNbw==" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow-77f7b87cb1583fc59aa8f94756ebfe913345937eb932042b4077563bebb5fb4b.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/social/home-1c712297ae3ac71207193b1bae0ecf1aae125886850f62c9c0139dd867630797.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/heading-b2b823dd904da60a48fd1bfa1defd840610c2ff414d3f39ed3af46277ab8df3b.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/button-3cea6e0ad4715ed965c49bfb15dedfc632787b32ff6d8c3a474182b231146ab7.css" /><link crossorigin="" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/" rel="preconnect" /><link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=DM+Sans:ital,opsz,wght@0,9..40,100..1000;1,9..40,100..1000&family=Gupter:wght@400;500;700&family=IBM+Plex+Mono:wght@300;400&family=Material+Symbols+Outlined:opsz,wght,FILL,GRAD@20,400,0,0&display=swap" rel="stylesheet" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/common-10fa40af19d25203774df2d4a03b9b5771b45109c2304968038e88a81d1215c5.css" /> <meta name="author" content="david mason" /> <meta name="description" content="David Mason: 20 Followers, 2 Following, 13 Research papers. Research interests: Diesel engine, Thermal Sciences, and Conduction." /> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="bKJMBZA7E43xhDOopFZkssMMkBRjvYERV-NaN4R6mrs" /> <script> var $controller_name = 'works'; var $action_name = "summary"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = 'c7c923e13c2d00b99cbe85c9159af2026a636b1c'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.Aedu = { hit_data: null }; window.Aedu.SiteStats = {"premium_universities_count":15272,"monthly_visitors":"114 million","monthly_visitor_count":114182280,"monthly_visitor_count_in_millions":114,"user_count":277429045,"paper_count":55203019,"paper_count_in_millions":55,"page_count":432000000,"page_count_in_millions":432,"pdf_count":16500000,"pdf_count_in_millions":16}; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1732697773000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1732697773000; window.Aedu.isUsingCssV1 = false; window.Aedu.enableLocalization = true; window.Aedu.activateFullstory = false; window.Aedu.serviceAvailability = { status: {"attention_db":"on","bibliography_db":"on","contacts_db":"on","email_db":"on","indexability_db":"on","mentions_db":"on","news_db":"on","notifications_db":"on","offsite_mentions_db":"on","redshift":"on","redshift_exports_db":"on","related_works_db":"on","ring_db":"on","user_tests_db":"on"}, serviceEnabled: function(service) { return this.status[service] === "on"; }, readEnabled: function(service) { return this.serviceEnabled(service) || this.status[service] === "read_only"; }, }; window.Aedu.viewApmTrace = function() { // Check if x-apm-trace-id meta tag is set, and open the trace in APM // in a new window if it is. var apmTraceId = document.head.querySelector('meta[name="x-apm-trace-id"]'); if (apmTraceId) { var traceId = apmTraceId.content; // Use trace ID to construct URL, an example URL looks like: // https://app.datadoghq.com/apm/traces?query=trace_id%31298410148923562634 var apmUrl = 'https://app.datadoghq.com/apm/traces?query=trace_id%3A' + traceId; window.open(apmUrl, '_blank'); } }; </script>  <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto:100,100i,300,300i,400,400i,500,500i,700,700i,900,900i" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="//maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.3.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/libraries-a9675dcb01ec4ef6aa807ba772c7a5a00c1820d3ff661c1038a20f80d06bb4e4.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/academia-296162c7af6fd81dcdd76f1a94f1fad04fb5f647401337d136fe8b68742170b1.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system_legacy-056a9113b9a0f5343d013b29ee1929d5a18be35fdcdceb616600b4db8bd20054.css" /> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/runtime-bundle-005434038af4252ca37c527588411a3d6a0eabb5f727fac83f8bbe7fd88d93bb.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/webpack_libraries_and_infrequently_changed.wjs-bundle-abfe14709f87872daacfe98b00812033ac214684652bef9d49abfed8b549f9f6.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/core_webpack.wjs-bundle-57c07c4415ad4e6a22ced3639e4df9a5401c1e44346ffeb379134e0f2293c589.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/sentry.wjs-bundle-5fe03fddca915c8ba0f7edbe64c194308e8ce5abaed7bffe1255ff37549c4808.js"></script> <script> jade = window.jade || {}; jade.helpers = window.$h; jade._ = window._; </script>  <script id="tag-manager-head-root">(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer_old','GTM-5G9JF7Z');</script>  <script> window.gptadslots = []; window.googletag = window.googletag || {}; window.googletag.cmd = window.googletag.cmd || []; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> // TODO(jacob): This should be defined, may be rare load order problem. // Checking if null is just a quick fix, will default to en if unset. // Better fix is to run this immedietely after I18n is set. if (window.I18n != null) { I18n.defaultLocale = "en"; I18n.locale = "en"; I18n.fallbacks = true; } </script> <link rel="canonical" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DavidMason51" /> </head>   <body class='c-profiles/works a-summary logged_out'>  <div id="fb-root"></div><script>window.fbAsyncInit = function() { FB.init({ appId: "2369844204", version: "v8.0", status: true, cookie: true, xfbml: true }); // Additional initialization code. if (window.InitFacebook) { // facebook.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitFacebook(); } else { // Set a flag for facebook.ts to find when it loads. window.academiaAuthReadyFacebook = true; } };</script><script>window.fbAsyncLoad = function() { // Protection against double calling of this function if (window.FB) { return; } (function(d, s, id){ var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) {return;} js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id; js.src = "//connect.facebook.net/en_US/sdk.js"; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); }(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk')); } if (!window.defer_facebook) { // Autoload if not deferred window.fbAsyncLoad(); } else { // Defer loading by 5 seconds setTimeout(function() { window.fbAsyncLoad(); }, 5000); }</script> <div id="google-root"></div><script>window.loadGoogle = function() { if (window.InitGoogle) { // google.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitGoogle("331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"); } else { // Set a flag for google.ts to use when it loads. window.GoogleClientID = "331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"; } };</script><script>window.googleAsyncLoad = function() { // Protection against double calling of this function (function(d) { var js; var id = 'google-jssdk'; var ref = d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) { return; } js = d.createElement('script'); js.id = id; js.async = true; js.onload = loadGoogle; js.src = "https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client" ref.parentNode.insertBefore(js, ref); }(document)); } if (!window.defer_google) { // Autoload if not deferred window.googleAsyncLoad(); } else { // Defer loading by 5 seconds setTimeout(function() { window.googleAsyncLoad(); }, 5000); }</script> <div id="tag-manager-body-root">  <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5G9JF7Z" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>   <script> window.addEventListener('load', function() { if (document.querySelector('input[name="commit"]')) { document.querySelector('input[name="commit"]').addEventListener('click', function() { gtag('event', 'click', { event_category: 'button', event_label: 'Log In' }) }) } }); </script> </div> <script>var _comscore = _comscore || []; _comscore.push({ c1: "2", c2: "26766707" }); (function() { var s = document.createElement("script"), el = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.async = true; s.src = (document.location.protocol == "https:" ? "https://sb" : "http://b") + ".scorecardresearch.com/beacon.js"; el.parentNode.insertBefore(s, el); })();</script><img src="https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=26766707&cv=2.0&cj=1" style="position: absolute; visibility: hidden" /> <div id='react-modal'></div> <div class='DesignSystem'> <a class='u-showOnFocus' href='#site'> Skip to main content </a> </div> <div id="upgrade_ie_banner" style="display: none;"><p>Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer.</p><p>To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to <a href="https://www.academia.edu/upgrade-browser">upgrade your browser</a>.</p></div><script>// Show this banner for all versions of IE if (!!window.MSInputMethodContext || /(MSIE)/.test(navigator.userAgent)) { document.getElementById('upgrade_ie_banner').style.display = 'block'; }</script> <div class="DesignSystem bootstrap ShrinkableNav"><div class="navbar navbar-default main-header"><div class="container-wrapper" id="main-header-container"><div class="container"><div class="navbar-header"><div class="nav-left-wrapper u-mt0x"><div class="nav-logo"><a data-main-header-link-target="logo_home" href="https://www.academia.edu/"><img class="visible-xs-inline-block" style="height: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015-A.svg" width="24" height="24" /><img width="145.2" height="18" class="hidden-xs" style="height: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015.svg" /></a></div><div class="nav-search"><div class="SiteSearch-wrapper select2-no-default-pills"><form class="js-SiteSearch-form DesignSystem" action="https://www.academia.edu/search" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="get"><input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="✓" autocomplete="off" /><i class="SiteSearch-icon fa fa-search u-fw700 u-positionAbsolute u-tcGrayDark"></i><input class="js-SiteSearch-form-input SiteSearch-form-input form-control" data-main-header-click-target="search_input" name="q" placeholder="Search" type="text" value="" /></form></div></div></div><div class="nav-right-wrapper pull-right"><ul class="NavLinks js-main-nav list-unstyled"><li class="NavLinks-link"><a class="js-header-login-url Button Button--inverseGray Button--sm u-mb4x" id="nav_log_in" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/login">Log In</a></li><li class="NavLinks-link u-p0x"><a class="Button Button--inverseGray Button--sm u-mb4x" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Sign Up</a></li></ul><button class="hidden-lg hidden-md hidden-sm u-ml4x navbar-toggle collapsed" data-target=".js-mobile-header-links" data-toggle="collapse" type="button"><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span></button></div></div><div class="collapse navbar-collapse js-mobile-header-links"><ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/login">Log In</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Sign Up</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1 js-mobile-nav-expand-trigger"><a href="#">more&nbsp<span class="caret"></span></a></li><li><ul class="js-mobile-nav-expand-section nav navbar-nav u-m0x collapse"><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="false" href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://medium.com/@academia">Blog</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="false" href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><i class="fa fa-briefcase"></i> We're Hiring!</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://support.academia.edu/"><i class="fa fa-question-circle"></i> Help Center</a></li><li class="js-mobile-nav-collapse-trigger u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1 dropup" style="display:none"><a href="#">less&nbsp<span class="caret"></span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><script>(function(){ var $moreLink = $(".js-mobile-nav-expand-trigger"); var $lessLink = $(".js-mobile-nav-collapse-trigger"); var $section = $('.js-mobile-nav-expand-section'); $moreLink.click(function(ev){ ev.preventDefault(); $moreLink.hide(); $lessLink.show(); $section.collapse('show'); }); $lessLink.click(function(ev){ ev.preventDefault(); $moreLink.show(); $lessLink.hide(); $section.collapse('hide'); }); })() if ($a.is_logged_in() || false) { new Aedu.NavigationController({ el: '.js-main-nav', showHighlightedNotification: false }); } else { $(".js-header-login-url").attr("href", $a.loginUrlWithRedirect()); } Aedu.autocompleteSearch = new AutocompleteSearch({el: '.js-SiteSearch-form'});</script></div></div> <div id='site' class='fixed'> <div id="content" class="clearfix"> <script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(){ var $dismissible = $(".dismissible_banner"); $dismissible.click(function(ev) { $dismissible.hide(); }); });</script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/profile.wjs-bundle-b83a2fd9dd2a75882a43a58ee3160b1ab3b6f66ac7d1ef9248d5ee4c09cebaae.js" defer="defer"></script><script>Aedu.rankings = { showPaperRankingsLink: false } $viewedUser = Aedu.User.set_viewed( {"id":66921411,"first_name":"David","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Mason","page_name":"DavidMason51","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-08-02T02:46:31.327-07:00","display_name":"David Mason","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DavidMason51","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png","has_photo":false,"is_analytics_public":false,"interests":[{"id":281159,"name":"Diesel engine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diesel_engine"},{"id":187812,"name":"Thermal Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Sciences"},{"id":2025,"name":"Conduction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conduction"},{"id":133294,"name":"Land Surface Temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Land_Surface_Temperature"},{"id":43189,"name":"Chemical Kinetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Kinetics"}]} ); if ($a.is_logged_in() && $viewedUser.is_current_user()) { $('body').addClass('profile-viewed-by-owner'); } $socialProfiles = []</script><div id="js-react-on-rails-context" style="display:none" data-rails-context="{"inMailer":false,"i18nLocale":"en","i18nDefaultLocale":"en","href":"https://independent.academia.edu/DavidMason51","location":"/DavidMason51","scheme":"https","host":"independent.academia.edu","port":null,"pathname":"/DavidMason51","search":null,"httpAcceptLanguage":null,"serverSide":false}"></div> <div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate" data-props="{}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate-react-component-684aa5fd-3fd1-413e-af55-4f9c39c6681b"></div> <div id="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate-react-component-684aa5fd-3fd1-413e-af55-4f9c39c6681b"></div> <div class="DesignSystem"><div class="onsite-ping" id="onsite-ping"></div></div><div class="profile-user-info DesignSystem"><div class="social-profile-container"><div class="left-panel-container"><div class="user-info-component-wrapper"><div class="user-summary-cta-container"><div class="user-summary-container"><div class="social-profile-avatar-container"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" border="0" alt="" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png" /></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-sm">David Mason</h1><div class="affiliations-container fake-truncate js-profile-affiliations"></div></div></div><div class="sidebar-cta-container"><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-follow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.follow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-follow-button" data-follow-user-fname="David" data-follow-user-id="66921411" data-follow-user-source="profile_button" data-has-google="false"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">add</span>Follow</button><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-unfollow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.unfollow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-unfollow-button" data-unfollow-user-id="66921411"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">done</span>Following</button></div></div><div class="user-stats-container"><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-followers"><p class="label">Followers</p><p class="data">20</p></div></a><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-followees" data-broccoli-component="user-info.followees-count" data-click-track="profile-expand-user-info-following"><p class="label">Following</p><p class="data">2</p></div></a><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-coauthors" data-broccoli-component="user-info.coauthors-count" data-click-track="profile-expand-user-info-coauthors"><p class="label">Co-authors</p><p class="data">2</p></div></a><span><div class="stat-container"><p class="label"><span class="js-profile-total-view-text">Public Views</span></p><p class="data"><span class="js-profile-view-count"></span></p></div></span></div><div class="ri-section"><div class="ri-section-header"><span>Interests</span></div><div class="ri-tags-container"><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="66921411" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diesel_engine"><div id="js-react-on-rails-context" style="display:none" data-rails-context="{"inMailer":false,"i18nLocale":"en","i18nDefaultLocale":"en","href":"https://independent.academia.edu/DavidMason51","location":"/DavidMason51","scheme":"https","host":"independent.academia.edu","port":null,"pathname":"/DavidMason51","search":null,"httpAcceptLanguage":null,"serverSide":false}"></div> <div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Diesel engine"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-3a41b31c-3feb-45dc-8c61-8566bce19f2d"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-3a41b31c-3feb-45dc-8c61-8566bce19f2d"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="66921411" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Sciences"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Thermal Sciences"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-ae97c84d-cfa0-419b-9ef7-fe71e5d5ec91"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-ae97c84d-cfa0-419b-9ef7-fe71e5d5ec91"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="66921411" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conduction"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Conduction"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-f60e910e-5454-4257-910a-3a9889cff53f"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-f60e910e-5454-4257-910a-3a9889cff53f"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="66921411" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Land_Surface_Temperature"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Land Surface Temperature"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-50924529-4b92-4213-81ec-bd2a6c7e660d"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-50924529-4b92-4213-81ec-bd2a6c7e660d"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="66921411" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Kinetics"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Chemical Kinetics"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-3959ad98-0d9c-4c96-aff6-656f709f93bb"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-3959ad98-0d9c-4c96-aff6-656f709f93bb"></div> </a></div></div></div></div><div class="right-panel-container"><div class="user-content-wrapper"><div class="uploads-container" id="social-redesign-work-container"><div class="upload-header"><h2 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-xs">Uploads</h2></div><div class="documents-container backbone-social-profile-documents" style="width: 100%;"><div class="u-taCenter"></div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane active" id="all"><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by David Mason</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="34238882"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238882/Transient_heating_of_semitransparent_droplet"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Transient heating of semitransparent droplet" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238882/Transient_heating_of_semitransparent_droplet">Transient heating of semitransparent droplet</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="34238882"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34238882"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238882; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238882]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238882]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238882; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='34238882']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34238882, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=34238882]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":34238882,"title":"Transient heating of semitransparent droplet","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2005,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34238882/Transient_heating_of_semitransparent_droplet","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-08-16T02:14:38.388-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":66921411,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":30021473,"work_id":34238882,"tagging_user_id":66921411,"tagged_user_id":66833851,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"s***n@brighton.ac.uk","display_order":1,"name":"Sergei Sazhin","title":"Transient heating of semitransparent droplet"},{"id":30021474,"work_id":34238882,"tagging_user_id":66921411,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":4656016,"email":"m***l@brighton.ac.uk","display_order":2,"name":"Morgan Heikal","title":"Transient heating of semitransparent droplet"},{"id":30085415,"work_id":34238882,"tagging_user_id":66921411,"tagged_user_id":66707866,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"e***5@gmail.com","display_order":4194305,"name":"elena sazhina","title":"Transient heating of semitransparent droplet"}],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Transient_heating_of_semitransparent_droplet","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":66921411,"first_name":"David","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Mason","page_name":"DavidMason51","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-08-02T02:46:31.327-07:00","display_name":"David Mason","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DavidMason51"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":8258222,"url":"http://eprints.brighton.ac.uk/6184/"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="34238881"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238881/The_effect_of_a_bend_on_the_particle_cross_section_concentration_and_segregation_in_pneumatic_conveying_systems"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The effect of a bend on the particle cross-section concentration and segregation in pneumatic conveying systems" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152916/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238881/The_effect_of_a_bend_on_the_particle_cross_section_concentration_and_segregation_in_pneumatic_conveying_systems">The effect of a bend on the particle cross-section concentration and segregation in pneumatic conveying systems</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Powder Technology</span><span>, 1998</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="465b6472902f59d4c651519fdcef65ba" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":54152916,"asset_id":34238881,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152916/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="34238881"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34238881"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238881; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238881]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238881]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238881; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='34238881']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34238881, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "465b6472902f59d4c651519fdcef65ba" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=34238881]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":34238881,"title":"The effect of a bend on the particle cross-section concentration and segregation in pneumatic conveying systems","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"Powder Technology 98 ( ! 998 ) 95-103","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":1998,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Powder Technology","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":54152916},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34238881/The_effect_of_a_bend_on_the_particle_cross_section_concentration_and_segregation_in_pneumatic_conveying_systems","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-08-16T02:14:38.190-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":66921411,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":30021476,"work_id":34238881,"tagging_user_id":66921411,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":3188978,"email":"a***y@gcal.ac.uk","display_order":0,"name":"Avi Levy","title":"The effect of a bend on the particle cross-section concentration and segregation in pneumatic conveying systems"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54152916,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152916/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s0032-5910_2897_2903385-820170816-24899-dvdqek.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152916/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_effect_of_a_bend_on_the_particle_cro.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54152916/s0032-5910_2897_2903385-820170816-24899-dvdqek-libre.pdf?1502875715=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_effect_of_a_bend_on_the_particle_cro.pdf\u0026Expires=1732701372\u0026Signature=DoqgVkUpI4-5qp0yH~Aa7tXGrtTW5U-PWiwGVHK8mNMx6NdnhsvFqbRG~um4rPJqZ36ul~5Y3y0RkL7p0DK5Oj1J2uJC~cAXP53YrqGwFIgjcFnsBblKNa0KPxt7af92i~Fx4TttXmC3HqsMNv4EnHO3dM6rPbGjLy7nrB-~QRTONzdZm8iWxSw6Vvce~d6C-~fxzjd0pvWy7WcaatAI2xtXVg66hlfKDn9SX2EgDqs-mPxuPCSOMiXQ1fGuVk7vfX7jVX15biMLKdjBLq7-kRPHCzVR~jWmBsNYHc8xvJcIk-tGFCi4YuTh1LKZ5nEAeYiW~npf-zrlqrkY0zNqiQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_effect_of_a_bend_on_the_particle_cross_section_concentration_and_segregation_in_pneumatic_conveying_systems","translated_slug":"","page_count":9,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":66921411,"first_name":"David","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Mason","page_name":"DavidMason51","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-08-02T02:46:31.327-07:00","display_name":"David Mason","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DavidMason51"},"attachments":[{"id":54152916,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152916/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s0032-5910_2897_2903385-820170816-24899-dvdqek.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152916/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_effect_of_a_bend_on_the_particle_cro.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54152916/s0032-5910_2897_2903385-820170816-24899-dvdqek-libre.pdf?1502875715=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_effect_of_a_bend_on_the_particle_cro.pdf\u0026Expires=1732701372\u0026Signature=DoqgVkUpI4-5qp0yH~Aa7tXGrtTW5U-PWiwGVHK8mNMx6NdnhsvFqbRG~um4rPJqZ36ul~5Y3y0RkL7p0DK5Oj1J2uJC~cAXP53YrqGwFIgjcFnsBblKNa0KPxt7af92i~Fx4TttXmC3HqsMNv4EnHO3dM6rPbGjLy7nrB-~QRTONzdZm8iWxSw6Vvce~d6C-~fxzjd0pvWy7WcaatAI2xtXVg66hlfKDn9SX2EgDqs-mPxuPCSOMiXQ1fGuVk7vfX7jVX15biMLKdjBLq7-kRPHCzVR~jWmBsNYHc8xvJcIk-tGFCi4YuTh1LKZ5nEAeYiW~npf-zrlqrkY0zNqiQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering"},{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering"},{"id":23020,"name":"Powder technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Powder_technology"},{"id":332277,"name":"Finite Volume","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Finite_Volume"},{"id":382329,"name":"Granular Material","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Granular_Material"},{"id":390245,"name":"Particle Size","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Particle_Size"},{"id":404000,"name":"Cross Section","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cross_Section"},{"id":497452,"name":"Numerical Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Numerical_Model"},{"id":1120502,"name":"Experimental Data","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Data"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="34238880"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238880/A_model_for_non_suspension_gas_solids_flow_of_fine_powders_in_pipes"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A model for non-suspension gas–solids flow of fine powders in pipes" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152919/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238880/A_model_for_non_suspension_gas_solids_flow_of_fine_powders_in_pipes">A model for non-suspension gas–solids flow of fine powders in pipes</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>International Journal of Multiphase Flow</span><span>, 2001</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="2079d1350f1094c4ae0e737f5db01f39" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":54152919,"asset_id":34238880,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152919/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="34238880"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34238880"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238880; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238880]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238880]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238880; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='34238880']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34238880, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "2079d1350f1094c4ae0e737f5db01f39" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=34238880]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":34238880,"title":"A model for non-suspension gas–solids flow of fine powders in pipes","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"The two-layer concept developed previously for a liquid±solids¯ow has been adapted to model dense phase transport of powders in pneumatic conveying systems. Many bulk materials of this type are capable of¯owing in a non-suspension moving-bed type of¯ow. A new model for this type of¯ow in a horizontal pipe has been developed where the¯ow is modelled as two layers: a dilute gas±solids mixturē owing above a dense gas±solids mixture. For each layer, the conservation equations for mass, momentum and energy were solved for both the gas and solids phases. In addition, mass, momentum and energy transfers between the two layers were modelled. A single pressure was shared between the two layers. The paper describes the sub-models used to describe phenomena, such as the momentum transfer between the gas and solids in a layer. Transfer of mass, momentum and energy between the two layers results in a model that behaves in a similar manner to experimental observations. For example, as the mean¯ow velocity increases, the depth of the dense layer decreases. The predicted pressure pro®le for fully developed¯ow was compared with experimental data. In general, the prediction of pressure pro®le, and the predicted depth of the dense layer show reasonable agreement with the experimental observations. A parametric study was conducted to assess the relative signi®cance of the initial conditions on the overall behaviour of the model. Variation of the initial conditions for the same total gas and solids mass¯ow rates was found to have only a small eect on the prediction of fully developed ow. 7","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2001,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":54152919},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34238880/A_model_for_non_suspension_gas_solids_flow_of_fine_powders_in_pipes","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-08-16T02:14:38.004-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":66921411,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":30021512,"work_id":34238880,"tagging_user_id":66921411,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":3188978,"email":"a***y@gcal.ac.uk","display_order":1,"name":"Avi Levy","title":"A model for non-suspension gas–solids flow of fine powders in pipes"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54152919,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152919/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s0301-9322_2800_2900033-120170816-24899-yw1g44.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152919/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"A_model_for_non_suspension_gas_solids_fl.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54152919/s0301-9322_2800_2900033-120170816-24899-yw1g44-libre.pdf?1502875702=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_model_for_non_suspension_gas_solids_fl.pdf\u0026Expires=1732701372\u0026Signature=KmE-f-UkiHiGk522kx5M3sbaTV0EDrgdl-i~izhWSj-7zT-oZhVPXLcGPHdGhOGzo71dxW9TV8nAsJB2z5pqn5NoxWvQweT8r5mL1DcJPpOud2pCzNlWoWwsdEcBG8XcrfaQgKQviANFJJxUeAWlPMa3~BCYoJEb3PCILvieE08gUEyYvCIBM8G3I5Crnk4GLeYw7RF3n0DEnEphmOM6mPtz80ge9nKMKjT~c8s6WRi0XJqMRE~xP2nFGjRK2S7rdDeFQ6kaoZWG6qz-FYUW3DwDtDqTXy1D2Xqzh5GUm4S2Q8IZ5XJlfVKW8zgq-y4fey2T~qmXh-CA6Vb6M9niRA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"A_model_for_non_suspension_gas_solids_flow_of_fine_powders_in_pipes","translated_slug":"","page_count":21,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":66921411,"first_name":"David","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Mason","page_name":"DavidMason51","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-08-02T02:46:31.327-07:00","display_name":"David Mason","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DavidMason51"},"attachments":[{"id":54152919,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152919/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s0301-9322_2800_2900033-120170816-24899-yw1g44.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152919/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"A_model_for_non_suspension_gas_solids_fl.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54152919/s0301-9322_2800_2900033-120170816-24899-yw1g44-libre.pdf?1502875702=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_model_for_non_suspension_gas_solids_fl.pdf\u0026Expires=1732701372\u0026Signature=KmE-f-UkiHiGk522kx5M3sbaTV0EDrgdl-i~izhWSj-7zT-oZhVPXLcGPHdGhOGzo71dxW9TV8nAsJB2z5pqn5NoxWvQweT8r5mL1DcJPpOud2pCzNlWoWwsdEcBG8XcrfaQgKQviANFJJxUeAWlPMa3~BCYoJEb3PCILvieE08gUEyYvCIBM8G3I5Crnk4GLeYw7RF3n0DEnEphmOM6mPtz80ge9nKMKjT~c8s6WRi0XJqMRE~xP2nFGjRK2S7rdDeFQ6kaoZWG6qz-FYUW3DwDtDqTXy1D2Xqzh5GUm4S2Q8IZ5XJlfVKW8zgq-y4fey2T~qmXh-CA6Vb6M9niRA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering"},{"id":7114,"name":"Multiphase Flow","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multiphase_Flow"},{"id":717129,"name":"Energy Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Transfer"},{"id":898062,"name":"Flow Rate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flow_Rate"},{"id":1119718,"name":"Initial Condition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Initial_Condition"},{"id":1120502,"name":"Experimental Data","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Data"},{"id":1712648,"name":"Momentum Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Momentum_Transfer"},{"id":2003399,"name":"Parametric Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parametric_Study"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="34238879"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238879/An_investigation_of_the_flow_structure_through_abrupt_enlargement_of_circular_pipe"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of An investigation of the flow structure through abrupt enlargement of circular pipe" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152918/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238879/An_investigation_of_the_flow_structure_through_abrupt_enlargement_of_circular_pipe">An investigation of the flow structure through abrupt enlargement of circular pipe</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Powder Technology</span><span>, 1999</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="da8d287df0ccf2c6e686330bf1f4f13e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":54152918,"asset_id":34238879,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152918/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="34238879"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34238879"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238879; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238879]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238879]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238879; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='34238879']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34238879, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "da8d287df0ccf2c6e686330bf1f4f13e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=34238879]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":34238879,"title":"An investigation of the flow structure through abrupt enlargement of circular pipe","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"There are many examples of flow of gas, with or without solids, where an abrupt change of cross-sectional area has to be implemented. A typical example is long distance pneumatic conveying where single bore pipeline normally requires high pressure drop which consequently results in high gas and solids velocities towards the end of pipeline. In those cases, stepped pipeline is used in order to reduce both gas and solids velocity whenever they reach unacceptable level. The flow structure through an abrupt enlargement of a conduit can be very complex, specially in the case of gas-solids flow. Both velocity and pressure fields are very important for the analysis and design of the overall flow characteristics. The compressible flow of gas through an abrupt enlargement was modelled using both a 1-D analytical model and 3-D numerical model. A summary of the analytical 1-D model of compressible flow through an abrupt Ž . enlargement and the results obtained for the flow through stepped pipe 81 to 105 mm for several flow conditions are presented in this paper. Those results have been compared with the 3-D numerical model which solves basic conservation equations and very good agreement was found. Finally the same 3-D numerical model was applied to several regimes of gas-solids flow in order to investigate the structure of gas and solids velocity field, as well as pressure distribution along the pipe. Special attention has been paid to the pressure recovery downstream from the enlargement due to its important role in the design of stepped pipeline pneumatic conveying system. q 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":1999,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Powder Technology","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":54152918},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34238879/An_investigation_of_the_flow_structure_through_abrupt_enlargement_of_circular_pipe","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-08-16T02:14:37.730-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":66921411,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":30021529,"work_id":34238879,"tagging_user_id":66921411,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":6479836,"email":"p***c@gcal.ac.uk","display_order":0,"name":"Predrag Marjanovic","title":"An investigation of the flow structure through abrupt enlargement of circular pipe"},{"id":30021530,"work_id":34238879,"tagging_user_id":66921411,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":3188978,"email":"a***y@gcal.ac.uk","display_order":4194304,"name":"Avi Levy","title":"An investigation of the flow structure through abrupt enlargement of circular pipe"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54152918,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152918/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s0032-5910_2899_2900107-220170816-24893-5s34v0.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152918/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"An_investigation_of_the_flow_structure_t.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54152918/s0032-5910_2899_2900107-220170816-24893-5s34v0-libre.pdf?1502875702=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAn_investigation_of_the_flow_structure_t.pdf\u0026Expires=1732701372\u0026Signature=KxhmwGtJG4wLJVMAs1kn86mnxELL01cPfT~wT-fufDZni9~I9AAq-g2fcqH~Q0xJaIQ6WyR2bOte7vBhZJkZNs7IaqZz8VRsp1QD~nX6EKjdT7o5S5NGbfBioGK29I96DGzJKLCtofg6uNs7LZ2L3VbojtUjOac72tmGhktn7r8eE9CkOQf2OmGEQogiEemrNtV-sbPEjxwbwzPIPgB2o0qooD6IJh~~N5Mtkm-7~GQp6TGlL5v1NoRRP~dz0MWN5DpGtilNKUBWgy588fEXX-uA4MR3O3~3UIED1c2dPPyfd923aew6eMX~er-5TVkFcrmdsQx5ILBRN-lT4dwMDw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"An_investigation_of_the_flow_structure_through_abrupt_enlargement_of_circular_pipe","translated_slug":"","page_count":8,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":66921411,"first_name":"David","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Mason","page_name":"DavidMason51","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-08-02T02:46:31.327-07:00","display_name":"David Mason","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DavidMason51"},"attachments":[{"id":54152918,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152918/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s0032-5910_2899_2900107-220170816-24893-5s34v0.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152918/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"An_investigation_of_the_flow_structure_t.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54152918/s0032-5910_2899_2900107-220170816-24893-5s34v0-libre.pdf?1502875702=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAn_investigation_of_the_flow_structure_t.pdf\u0026Expires=1732701372\u0026Signature=KxhmwGtJG4wLJVMAs1kn86mnxELL01cPfT~wT-fufDZni9~I9AAq-g2fcqH~Q0xJaIQ6WyR2bOte7vBhZJkZNs7IaqZz8VRsp1QD~nX6EKjdT7o5S5NGbfBioGK29I96DGzJKLCtofg6uNs7LZ2L3VbojtUjOac72tmGhktn7r8eE9CkOQf2OmGEQogiEemrNtV-sbPEjxwbwzPIPgB2o0qooD6IJh~~N5Mtkm-7~GQp6TGlL5v1NoRRP~dz0MWN5DpGtilNKUBWgy588fEXX-uA4MR3O3~3UIED1c2dPPyfd923aew6eMX~er-5TVkFcrmdsQx5ILBRN-lT4dwMDw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering"},{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering"},{"id":4107,"name":"High Pressure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Pressure"},{"id":23020,"name":"Powder technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Powder_technology"},{"id":238198,"name":"Seismic analysis and design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seismic_analysis_and_design"},{"id":331203,"name":"Pressure Drop","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pressure_Drop"},{"id":413300,"name":"Analytical Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analytical_Model"},{"id":497452,"name":"Numerical Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Numerical_Model"},{"id":872274,"name":"Compressible Flow","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Compressible_Flow"},{"id":893366,"name":"Velocity Field","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Velocity_Field"},{"id":1144265,"name":"Pressure Distribution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pressure_Distribution"},{"id":1714028,"name":"Long Distance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Long_Distance"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="34238878"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238878/A_comparison_of_analytical_and_numerical_models_with_experimental_data_for_gas_solid_flow_through_a_straight_pipe_at_different_inclinations"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A comparison of analytical and numerical models with experimental data for gas-solid flow through a straight pipe at different inclinations" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152921/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238878/A_comparison_of_analytical_and_numerical_models_with_experimental_data_for_gas_solid_flow_through_a_straight_pipe_at_different_inclinations">A comparison of analytical and numerical models with experimental data for gas-solid flow through a straight pipe at different inclinations</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Powder Technology</span><span>, 1997</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="dc8723685dc7aee792b06634b1d022ac" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":54152921,"asset_id":34238878,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152921/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="34238878"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34238878"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238878; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238878]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238878]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238878; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='34238878']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34238878, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "dc8723685dc7aee792b06634b1d022ac" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=34238878]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":34238878,"title":"A comparison of analytical and numerical models with experimental data for gas-solid flow through a straight pipe at different inclinations","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"An analytical model for gas-solid suspension flow through an inclined section of pipe was developed. This model predicts the ratio of the total pressure drop in an inclined pipe to that of a horizontal pipe. The model has been used to predict the critical pipe angle, which is defined as the angle at which the maximum pressure drop for a given solids flow rate is achieved. This angle differs from 90 ° (found in a single-phase flow) and is directly proportional to the ratio between the gas superficial velocity and the particle terminal velocity. The three-dimensional conservation equations for steady-state two-phase flow in an inclined pipe were solved numerically for constant solids and gas flow rates at different pipe inclinations. This model was based on the continuum theory for describing the mass and momentum balance equations for the fluid and solid phases. A packing model, describing the shear stress of the solid phase as a function of its volume fraction, is suggested in order to limit the maximum value of the solid volume fraction. A new model for particle-wall interaction was developed taking into account the angle of inclination of the pipe. The prediction of the numerical model was compared with experimental data obtained in a specially designed test rig. In general, the agreement between the experimental data and the models was satisfactory. The results of the numerical simulation also confirmed that the critical pipe angle for gas-solid flow is lower than 90 ° . The assumptions made during the development of the models were assessed in order to explain the differences between the predicted and measured values of the flow parameters for different flow regimes. © 1997 Elsevier Science S.A.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":1997,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Powder Technology","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":54152921},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34238878/A_comparison_of_analytical_and_numerical_models_with_experimental_data_for_gas_solid_flow_through_a_straight_pipe_at_different_inclinations","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-08-16T02:14:37.435-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":66921411,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":30021531,"work_id":34238878,"tagging_user_id":66921411,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":3188978,"email":"a***y@gcal.ac.uk","display_order":0,"name":"Avi Levy","title":"A comparison of analytical and numerical models with experimental data for gas-solid flow through a straight pipe at different inclinations"},{"id":30021532,"work_id":34238878,"tagging_user_id":66921411,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":6479836,"email":"p***c@gcal.ac.uk","display_order":4194304,"name":"Predrag Marjanovic","title":"A comparison of analytical and numerical models with experimental data for gas-solid flow through a straight pipe at different inclinations"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54152921,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152921/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s0032-5910_2897_2903280-420170816-24893-q2vs1c.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152921/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"A_comparison_of_analytical_and_numerical.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54152921/s0032-5910_2897_2903280-420170816-24893-q2vs1c-libre.pdf?1502875708=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_comparison_of_analytical_and_numerical.pdf\u0026Expires=1732701372\u0026Signature=Fv771thu2qSOhxL-0w~H2NCFPzSMyUCvLviXB3Pfn5FM3LG0fqzPhtljZBQZo~ixuNkDiJblkhZJQVjF5BS9iskZmn~wBnsMh1LKPXUiEI-iijUD1zHQvUwaAOnJtChbiJFUbGXC4RuVr668n67knn-622EAZt8K2tmq~9uqfbq-JiYtPTTL8XgRpcR1vq9QluGrrvZbOkmCjtnPXgJrPjO1dRmJAtOiaKnLfMstZD0sXON8tPwDwa2O-W88a7w7wZzOgJetIJcozTZ37Tz3hsnBpU5rkKBSwfp9VqRfkOi7tHBRZbV4nQUIPWexcFll3JDfuEJasR8xce5aOBYAJQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"A_comparison_of_analytical_and_numerical_models_with_experimental_data_for_gas_solid_flow_through_a_straight_pipe_at_different_inclinations","translated_slug":"","page_count":8,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":66921411,"first_name":"David","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Mason","page_name":"DavidMason51","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-08-02T02:46:31.327-07:00","display_name":"David Mason","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DavidMason51"},"attachments":[{"id":54152921,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152921/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s0032-5910_2897_2903280-420170816-24893-q2vs1c.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152921/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"A_comparison_of_analytical_and_numerical.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54152921/s0032-5910_2897_2903280-420170816-24893-q2vs1c-libre.pdf?1502875708=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_comparison_of_analytical_and_numerical.pdf\u0026Expires=1732701372\u0026Signature=Fv771thu2qSOhxL-0w~H2NCFPzSMyUCvLviXB3Pfn5FM3LG0fqzPhtljZBQZo~ixuNkDiJblkhZJQVjF5BS9iskZmn~wBnsMh1LKPXUiEI-iijUD1zHQvUwaAOnJtChbiJFUbGXC4RuVr668n67knn-622EAZt8K2tmq~9uqfbq-JiYtPTTL8XgRpcR1vq9QluGrrvZbOkmCjtnPXgJrPjO1dRmJAtOiaKnLfMstZD0sXON8tPwDwa2O-W88a7w7wZzOgJetIJcozTZ37Tz3hsnBpU5rkKBSwfp9VqRfkOi7tHBRZbV4nQUIPWexcFll3JDfuEJasR8xce5aOBYAJQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering"},{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering"},{"id":8066,"name":"Two Phase Flow","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Two_Phase_Flow"},{"id":23020,"name":"Powder technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Powder_technology"},{"id":60658,"name":"Numerical Simulation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Numerical_Simulation"},{"id":175859,"name":"Shear Stress","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shear_Stress"},{"id":234860,"name":"Steady state","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Steady_state"},{"id":331203,"name":"Pressure Drop","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pressure_Drop"},{"id":394912,"name":"Flow Regime","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flow_Regime"},{"id":413300,"name":"Analytical Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analytical_Model"},{"id":497452,"name":"Numerical Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Numerical_Model"},{"id":504035,"name":"Three Dimensional","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Three_Dimensional"},{"id":897122,"name":"Gas Flow","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gas_Flow"},{"id":898062,"name":"Flow Rate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flow_Rate"},{"id":1120502,"name":"Experimental Data","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Data"},{"id":2295024,"name":"Volume Fraction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Volume_Fraction"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="34238877"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238877/A_simulation_system_for_pneumatic_conveying_systems"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A simulation system for pneumatic conveying systems" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152917/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238877/A_simulation_system_for_pneumatic_conveying_systems">A simulation system for pneumatic conveying systems</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Powder Technology</span><span>, 1998</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="58cac44dade2bd73929a7a9082ff5a13" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":54152917,"asset_id":34238877,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152917/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="34238877"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34238877"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238877; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238877]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238877]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238877; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='34238877']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34238877, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "58cac44dade2bd73929a7a9082ff5a13" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=34238877]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":34238877,"title":"A simulation system for pneumatic conveying systems","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"Pneurnai,ic conveying sysi,erns provide a highly flexible means of transporting dry hulk particuhite materials, The main prahlerri encountered when designing, optimising, or uprating these systems ix the deterrnination of tile air supply necessary to achieve a particular duty ( solids mass ttow rate ). Many correlations exist i,o predict the pressure drop llecessary to drive the flow, arid Ihe gas velocities necessary fi)r successful openltion. Unforturiately. i,l'ie design methods th:lt incorponite these correlatioris are limited in terms of their Ilexibilitv. The developnlent of this siiriulation resulted fi'orrl the desire to increase the Itexibilii,y of i,he design method, and the need to employ rnore than one pressure drop con'elai,ion. As a i'e~ult of Ihese i,~o requirerneni,s tile prohlen'i of simulating the Ol'~eration of a pneunlati¢ conveying system was re-evaluated. ~¢; \u003e I t)91.,l Elsevier Scielice S.A.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":1998,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Powder Technology","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":54152917},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34238877/A_simulation_system_for_pneumatic_conveying_systems","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-08-16T02:14:37.158-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":66921411,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":30021533,"work_id":34238877,"tagging_user_id":66921411,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":6479836,"email":"p***c@gcal.ac.uk","display_order":1,"name":"Predrag Marjanovic","title":"A simulation system for pneumatic conveying systems"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54152917,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152917/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s0032-5910_2897_2903310-x20170816-24893-13chr6.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152917/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"A_simulation_system_for_pneumatic_convey.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54152917/s0032-5910_2897_2903310-x20170816-24893-13chr6-libre.pdf?1502875711=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_simulation_system_for_pneumatic_convey.pdf\u0026Expires=1732701372\u0026Signature=EzN23OEqC8sbTPUn1oYy-pbM9qSvjrnJU63JBTSwIrfF~p8PvLl-ExDn7XmXQW25XBzHTs002yRVMOGoua~CcDX-Q5fEf~SvEBm7F5zvftdobEdawv-H5J-7ICdLiKcAA~UnCbfUVhcVAgaBIb~62Vw8jahDEed1nuGa101CTLwfbfz2NfCSPJy8kKWBbDAFxQN9ZT-Mn0M2av7EKpoM~iK9XAaHyUdqj~HXfApe~4SHfiL9k9NdhCTLoYAQ71fYouKSmS4Pm~ZCDQddTdln78~aXbEWx9LvrApeZATYqyoU-pKS2AQqG8PHYYVhymM3saS5bly8FpdMmHPqUhxaEg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"A_simulation_system_for_pneumatic_conveying_systems","translated_slug":"","page_count":8,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":66921411,"first_name":"David","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Mason","page_name":"DavidMason51","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-08-02T02:46:31.327-07:00","display_name":"David Mason","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DavidMason51"},"attachments":[{"id":54152917,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152917/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s0032-5910_2897_2903310-x20170816-24893-13chr6.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152917/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"A_simulation_system_for_pneumatic_convey.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54152917/s0032-5910_2897_2903310-x20170816-24893-13chr6-libre.pdf?1502875711=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_simulation_system_for_pneumatic_convey.pdf\u0026Expires=1732701372\u0026Signature=EzN23OEqC8sbTPUn1oYy-pbM9qSvjrnJU63JBTSwIrfF~p8PvLl-ExDn7XmXQW25XBzHTs002yRVMOGoua~CcDX-Q5fEf~SvEBm7F5zvftdobEdawv-H5J-7ICdLiKcAA~UnCbfUVhcVAgaBIb~62Vw8jahDEed1nuGa101CTLwfbfz2NfCSPJy8kKWBbDAFxQN9ZT-Mn0M2av7EKpoM~iK9XAaHyUdqj~HXfApe~4SHfiL9k9NdhCTLoYAQ71fYouKSmS4Pm~ZCDQddTdln78~aXbEWx9LvrApeZATYqyoU-pKS2AQqG8PHYYVhymM3saS5bly8FpdMmHPqUhxaEg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering"},{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering"},{"id":23020,"name":"Powder technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Powder_technology"},{"id":80596,"name":"Design method","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_method"},{"id":331203,"name":"Pressure Drop","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pressure_Drop"},{"id":898062,"name":"Flow Rate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flow_Rate"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="34238876"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238876/Pneumatic_Conveying_Systems_in_Dense_Phase"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Pneumatic Conveying Systems in Dense Phase" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238876/Pneumatic_Conveying_Systems_in_Dense_Phase">Pneumatic Conveying Systems in Dense Phase</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Nondestructive Testing and Evaluation</span><span>, 1998</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">ABSTRACT A gamma ray tomograph has been designed for the study of the modes of flow in dense phas...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">ABSTRACT A gamma ray tomograph has been designed for the study of the modes of flow in dense phase pneumatic pipelines. The instrument has six americium-241 gamma ray sources and thirty miniature sodium iodide detectors arranged symmetrically around a pipe section. The instrumentation system comprises a multi-channel preamplifier, a CAMAC crate containing multi-channel discriminators, scalers and a GPIB crate controller, and an IBM-compatible personal computer. The detector gains are individually controlled by analogue voltage outputs provided by multi-channel DAC interface cards. The detector count-rates are used with a filtered linear back-projection algorithm to estimate the distribution of solid material over the pipe cross-section at a rate of ten images per second in real time. Preliminary laboratory tests have been carried out on a fluidised bed formed inside a permeameter tube and a full-scale test pipeline and instrument room have been developed for conveying tests.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="34238876"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34238876"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238876; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238876]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238876]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238876; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='34238876']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34238876, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=34238876]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":34238876,"title":"Pneumatic Conveying Systems in Dense Phase","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"ABSTRACT A gamma ray tomograph has been designed for the study of the modes of flow in dense phase pneumatic pipelines. The instrument has six americium-241 gamma ray sources and thirty miniature sodium iodide detectors arranged symmetrically around a pipe section. The instrumentation system comprises a multi-channel preamplifier, a CAMAC crate containing multi-channel discriminators, scalers and a GPIB crate controller, and an IBM-compatible personal computer. The detector gains are individually controlled by analogue voltage outputs provided by multi-channel DAC interface cards. The detector count-rates are used with a filtered linear back-projection algorithm to estimate the distribution of solid material over the pipe cross-section at a rate of ten images per second in real time. Preliminary laboratory tests have been carried out on a fluidised bed formed inside a permeameter tube and a full-scale test pipeline and instrument room have been developed for conveying tests.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":1998,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Nondestructive Testing and Evaluation"},"translated_abstract":"ABSTRACT A gamma ray tomograph has been designed for the study of the modes of flow in dense phase pneumatic pipelines. The instrument has six americium-241 gamma ray sources and thirty miniature sodium iodide detectors arranged symmetrically around a pipe section. The instrumentation system comprises a multi-channel preamplifier, a CAMAC crate containing multi-channel discriminators, scalers and a GPIB crate controller, and an IBM-compatible personal computer. The detector gains are individually controlled by analogue voltage outputs provided by multi-channel DAC interface cards. The detector count-rates are used with a filtered linear back-projection algorithm to estimate the distribution of solid material over the pipe cross-section at a rate of ten images per second in real time. Preliminary laboratory tests have been carried out on a fluidised bed formed inside a permeameter tube and a full-scale test pipeline and instrument room have been developed for conveying tests.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34238876/Pneumatic_Conveying_Systems_in_Dense_Phase","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-08-16T02:14:36.899-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":66921411,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":30021540,"work_id":34238876,"tagging_user_id":66921411,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":6479839,"email":"j***r@gcal.ac.uk","display_order":0,"name":"John Crowther","title":"Pneumatic Conveying Systems in Dense Phase"}],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Pneumatic_Conveying_Systems_in_Dense_Phase","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":66921411,"first_name":"David","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Mason","page_name":"DavidMason51","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-08-02T02:46:31.327-07:00","display_name":"David Mason","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DavidMason51"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering"},{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering"},{"id":15912,"name":"Electromagnetic Nondestructive Testing and Evaluation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electromagnetic_Nondestructive_Testing_and_Evaluation"},{"id":24815,"name":"Process Tomography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Process_Tomography"},{"id":229390,"name":"Real Time","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Real_Time"},{"id":404000,"name":"Cross Section","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cross_Section"},{"id":912885,"name":"Gamma Ray","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gamma_Ray"},{"id":1195987,"name":"Laboratory Tests","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Tests"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="34238875"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238875/Numerical_Simulation_of_Cavitation_Flows_Based_on_Their_Hydrodynamic_Similarity"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Numerical Simulation of Cavitation Flows Based on Their Hydrodynamic Similarity" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152914/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238875/Numerical_Simulation_of_Cavitation_Flows_Based_on_Their_Hydrodynamic_Similarity">Numerical Simulation of Cavitation Flows Based on Their Hydrodynamic Similarity</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>International Journal of Engine Research</span><span>, 2006</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9816d0433178ca9fece7fc0db75d58c1" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":54152914,"asset_id":34238875,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152914/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="34238875"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34238875"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238875; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238875]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238875]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238875; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='34238875']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34238875, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "9816d0433178ca9fece7fc0db75d58c1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=34238875]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":34238875,"title":"Numerical Simulation of Cavitation Flows Based on Their Hydrodynamic Similarity","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"Hydrodynamic similarity of cavitation flows in nozzles of different scales has been observed experimentally. In this paper a model of cavitation has been developed, taking into account the bubbly nature of cavitation and assuming local homogeneity of the vapour-liquid flow. The model of cavitation is built from correlations for evaporation and condensation, based on bubble dynamics theory, and an equation for the number density of cavitation bubbles, derived by assuming hydrodynamic similarity of cavitation flows. Compared with conventional models of cavitation, which fix the number density of cavitation bubbles, the present model takes into account the effect of liquid tension on the number density of active cavitation nuclei. The model has been implemented within the VECTIS computational fluid dynamics code and applied to the simulation of cavitating flows in nozzles.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2006,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"International Journal of Engine Research","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":54152914},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34238875/Numerical_Simulation_of_Cavitation_Flows_Based_on_Their_Hydrodynamic_Similarity","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-08-16T02:14:36.699-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":66921411,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":30021538,"work_id":34238875,"tagging_user_id":66921411,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":6479838,"email":"s***v@bton.ac.uk","display_order":0,"name":"S. Martynov","title":"Numerical Simulation of Cavitation Flows Based on Their Hydrodynamic Similarity"},{"id":30021539,"work_id":34238875,"tagging_user_id":66921411,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":4656016,"email":"m***l@brighton.ac.uk","display_order":4194304,"name":"Morgan Heikal","title":"Numerical Simulation of Cavitation Flows Based on Their Hydrodynamic Similarity"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54152914,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152914/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Martynov_paper_1.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152914/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Numerical_Simulation_of_Cavitation_Flows.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54152914/Martynov_paper_1-libre.pdf?1502875708=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DNumerical_Simulation_of_Cavitation_Flows.pdf\u0026Expires=1732701373\u0026Signature=HJIiA7pOaNG50DKpo8sFyWt~ViJaO9xyVf9H7awoRp8LxCEnDVwWUAEnw-LrYVoPAfqzDgohb0Cf0~DDQl9qeN8UPDYT0ZWZxG4ns9jmgICvPnaGIRR9mbjQ54DXBUyYwwsMYO6mPeMLwAdGuIKsgFcz3FIxx5UgE2EiwaM1K6DzRyV7xs0g4932mQ7l26noB7XySUU8N0vBj0to~5i5YCT1IummUDqWT2N2APsKWxG5gLia94UMvHizcpjRv1rD5H6ar6q9JC5m67I5jmLV4Kv2~9HcErWNlSF~M3hluRm7IXoJ8Fyg4T4iFmiBwfXUSbvJZzmtETcK1yxuVC7bXw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Numerical_Simulation_of_Cavitation_Flows_Based_on_Their_Hydrodynamic_Similarity","translated_slug":"","page_count":14,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":66921411,"first_name":"David","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Mason","page_name":"DavidMason51","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-08-02T02:46:31.327-07:00","display_name":"David Mason","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DavidMason51"},"attachments":[{"id":54152914,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152914/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Martynov_paper_1.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152914/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Numerical_Simulation_of_Cavitation_Flows.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54152914/Martynov_paper_1-libre.pdf?1502875708=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DNumerical_Simulation_of_Cavitation_Flows.pdf\u0026Expires=1732701373\u0026Signature=HJIiA7pOaNG50DKpo8sFyWt~ViJaO9xyVf9H7awoRp8LxCEnDVwWUAEnw-LrYVoPAfqzDgohb0Cf0~DDQl9qeN8UPDYT0ZWZxG4ns9jmgICvPnaGIRR9mbjQ54DXBUyYwwsMYO6mPeMLwAdGuIKsgFcz3FIxx5UgE2EiwaM1K6DzRyV7xs0g4932mQ7l26noB7XySUU8N0vBj0to~5i5YCT1IummUDqWT2N2APsKWxG5gLia94UMvHizcpjRv1rD5H6ar6q9JC5m67I5jmLV4Kv2~9HcErWNlSF~M3hluRm7IXoJ8Fyg4T4iFmiBwfXUSbvJZzmtETcK1yxuVC7bXw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering"},{"id":16496,"name":"Fluid Dynamics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fluid_Dynamics"},{"id":30497,"name":"Bubble Dynamics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bubble_Dynamics"},{"id":60147,"name":"Engine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engine"},{"id":60658,"name":"Numerical Simulation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Numerical_Simulation"},{"id":91603,"name":"Computation Fluid Dynamics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computation_Fluid_Dynamics"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="34238874"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238874/A_Numerical_Study_of_Heat_Transfer_Mechanisms_in_Gas_Solids_Flows_Through_Pipes_Using_a_Coupled_CFD_and_DEM_Model"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A Numerical Study of Heat Transfer Mechanisms in Gas–Solids Flows Through Pipes Using a Coupled CFD and DEM Model" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238874/A_Numerical_Study_of_Heat_Transfer_Mechanisms_in_Gas_Solids_Flows_Through_Pipes_Using_a_Coupled_CFD_and_DEM_Model">A Numerical Study of Heat Transfer Mechanisms in Gas–Solids Flows Through Pipes Using a Coupled CFD and DEM Model</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Drying Technology</span><span>, 2003</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">ABSTRACT</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="34238874"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34238874"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238874; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238874]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238874]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238874; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='34238874']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34238874, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=34238874]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":34238874,"title":"A Numerical Study of Heat Transfer Mechanisms in Gas–Solids Flows Through Pipes Using a Coupled CFD and DEM Model","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"ABSTRACT","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2003,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Drying Technology"},"translated_abstract":"ABSTRACT","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34238874/A_Numerical_Study_of_Heat_Transfer_Mechanisms_in_Gas_Solids_Flows_Through_Pipes_Using_a_Coupled_CFD_and_DEM_Model","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-08-16T02:14:36.520-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":66921411,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":30021537,"work_id":34238874,"tagging_user_id":66921411,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":529306,"email":"j***i@monash.edu","display_order":0,"name":"Jian Li","title":"A Numerical Study of Heat Transfer Mechanisms in Gas–Solids Flows Through Pipes Using a Coupled CFD and DEM Model"}],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"A_Numerical_Study_of_Heat_Transfer_Mechanisms_in_Gas_Solids_Flows_Through_Pipes_Using_a_Coupled_CFD_and_DEM_Model","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":66921411,"first_name":"David","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Mason","page_name":"DavidMason51","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-08-02T02:46:31.327-07:00","display_name":"David Mason","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DavidMason51"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering"},{"id":4188,"name":"Drying Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drying_Technology"},{"id":8067,"name":"Heat Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Transfer"},{"id":11016,"name":"Discrete Element Method","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Discrete_Element_Method"},{"id":91603,"name":"Computation Fluid Dynamics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computation_Fluid_Dynamics"},{"id":120698,"name":"Particles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Particles"},{"id":497452,"name":"Numerical Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Numerical_Model"},{"id":875419,"name":"Velocity Profile","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Velocity_Profile"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="34238873"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238873/Drying_of_wet_solid_particles_in_a_steady_state_one_dimensional_flow"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Drying of wet solid particles in a steady-state one-dimensional flow" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152920/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238873/Drying_of_wet_solid_particles_in_a_steady_state_one_dimensional_flow">Drying of wet solid particles in a steady-state one-dimensional flow</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Powder Technology</span><span>, 1998</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">A mathematical model for mass, momentum and heat transfer in a one-dimensional two-phase flow is ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">A mathematical model for mass, momentum and heat transfer in a one-dimensional two-phase flow is presented. This model was applied to the drying process of wet coal particles in a gas flow. The coal particles were assumed to have a wet core and a dry oute crust. The evaporation process of liquid from a particle was assumed to be governed</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="ce21c8b2d9413966e5badaf6d57b5e66" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":54152920,"asset_id":34238873,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152920/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="34238873"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34238873"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238873; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238873]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238873]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238873; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='34238873']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34238873, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "ce21c8b2d9413966e5badaf6d57b5e66" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=34238873]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":34238873,"title":"Drying of wet solid particles in a steady-state one-dimensional flow","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"A mathematical model for mass, momentum and heat transfer in a one-dimensional two-phase flow is presented. This model was applied to the drying process of wet coal particles in a gas flow. The coal particles were assumed to have a wet core and a dry oute crust. The evaporation process of liquid from a particle was assumed to be governed","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":1998,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Powder Technology"},"translated_abstract":"A mathematical model for mass, momentum and heat transfer in a one-dimensional two-phase flow is presented. This model was applied to the drying process of wet coal particles in a gas flow. The coal particles were assumed to have a wet core and a dry oute crust. The evaporation process of liquid from a particle was assumed to be governed","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34238873/Drying_of_wet_solid_particles_in_a_steady_state_one_dimensional_flow","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-08-16T02:14:36.234-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":66921411,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54152920,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152920/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s0032-5910_2897_2903311-120170816-24899-14nyyu3.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152920/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Drying_of_wet_solid_particles_in_a_stead.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54152920/s0032-5910_2897_2903311-120170816-24899-14nyyu3-libre.pdf?1502875709=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDrying_of_wet_solid_particles_in_a_stead.pdf\u0026Expires=1732701373\u0026Signature=QpwptQ6SfmWREtMHwj1Ryxq8wYLDlTY~bEG-p~GyskoXxaklo5JeGVrIDLQTcM6eTFNLKDGI7bINDYWddAVU-DiatqoxiO-lw94d1wal3XagaDPTrJiYD5Xe3Jl4JoUn1xovVgB2r76NFJI23JoNZCOOTczEDM5iR6sl27~WTgSFh6D8R23y9W-dQ8LZeDmlIir0zSgBev3IZAYxxx0a55XkL8iK3-IaMhvk~bKVa5zX6A27-Vu3BjjpfWDTPLBS~ZcS5amZVAjY8GVhHH-NgPFVZkLb8ODz9KXXeB43lo4wRkxriucpEMP-wVw1bt2Ra6UxLtDVW~j3sYDvjZ7Wiw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Drying_of_wet_solid_particles_in_a_steady_state_one_dimensional_flow","translated_slug":"","page_count":9,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":66921411,"first_name":"David","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Mason","page_name":"DavidMason51","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-08-02T02:46:31.327-07:00","display_name":"David Mason","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DavidMason51"},"attachments":[{"id":54152920,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152920/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s0032-5910_2897_2903311-120170816-24899-14nyyu3.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152920/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Drying_of_wet_solid_particles_in_a_stead.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54152920/s0032-5910_2897_2903311-120170816-24899-14nyyu3-libre.pdf?1502875709=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDrying_of_wet_solid_particles_in_a_stead.pdf\u0026Expires=1732701373\u0026Signature=QpwptQ6SfmWREtMHwj1Ryxq8wYLDlTY~bEG-p~GyskoXxaklo5JeGVrIDLQTcM6eTFNLKDGI7bINDYWddAVU-DiatqoxiO-lw94d1wal3XagaDPTrJiYD5Xe3Jl4JoUn1xovVgB2r76NFJI23JoNZCOOTczEDM5iR6sl27~WTgSFh6D8R23y9W-dQ8LZeDmlIir0zSgBev3IZAYxxx0a55XkL8iK3-IaMhvk~bKVa5zX6A27-Vu3BjjpfWDTPLBS~ZcS5amZVAjY8GVhHH-NgPFVZkLb8ODz9KXXeB43lo4wRkxriucpEMP-wVw1bt2Ra6UxLtDVW~j3sYDvjZ7Wiw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering"},{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering"},{"id":2024,"name":"Mass Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mass_Transfer"},{"id":4107,"name":"High Pressure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Pressure"},{"id":5303,"name":"Carbon","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbon"},{"id":8066,"name":"Two Phase Flow","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Two_Phase_Flow"},{"id":8067,"name":"Heat Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Transfer"},{"id":19816,"name":"Intelligent Transport System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligent_Transport_System"},{"id":23020,"name":"Powder technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Powder_technology"},{"id":32149,"name":"Numerical Method","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Numerical_Method"},{"id":60194,"name":"Transport","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transport"},{"id":60658,"name":"Numerical Simulation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Numerical_Simulation"},{"id":129447,"name":"Drying","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drying"},{"id":151091,"name":"Nitrogen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nitrogen"},{"id":181847,"name":"First-Order Logic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/First-Order_Logic"},{"id":201306,"name":"Heat Flux","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Flux"},{"id":234860,"name":"Steady state","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Steady_state"},{"id":291387,"name":"Mathematical Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Model"},{"id":405178,"name":"First Order Logic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/First_Order_Logic"},{"id":477865,"name":"Operant Conditioning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Operant_Conditioning"},{"id":485667,"name":"Moisture Content","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Moisture_Content"},{"id":765146,"name":"Differential equation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_equation"},{"id":897122,"name":"Gas Flow","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gas_Flow"},{"id":2756775,"name":"transport system","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/transport_system"}],"urls":[{"id":8258221,"url":"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0032591097033111"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="34238872"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238872/The_influence_of_bends_on_the_performance_of_pneumatic_conveying_systems"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The influence of bends on the performance of pneumatic conveying systems" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152915/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238872/The_influence_of_bends_on_the_performance_of_pneumatic_conveying_systems">The influence of bends on the performance of pneumatic conveying systems</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Advanced Powder Technology</span><span>, 1998</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="850ee29ebb3e683692d6ec2ac92544be" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":54152915,"asset_id":34238872,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152915/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="34238872"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34238872"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238872; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238872]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238872]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238872; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='34238872']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34238872, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "850ee29ebb3e683692d6ec2ac92544be" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=34238872]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":34238872,"title":"The influence of bends on the performance of pneumatic conveying systems","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"The performance envelope that can be achieved by a pneumatic conveying system is constrained by the properties of the bulk material being transported and components that comprise the system. This paper examines the influence of pipeline geometry on the performance envelope. The contribution of straight pipe and bends to the overall pressure drop is assessed for both dilute and dense phase flows.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":1998,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Advanced Powder Technology","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":54152915},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34238872/The_influence_of_bends_on_the_performance_of_pneumatic_conveying_systems","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-08-16T02:14:35.951-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":66921411,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":30085416,"work_id":34238872,"tagging_user_id":66921411,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":3188978,"email":"a***y@gcal.ac.uk","display_order":0,"name":"Avi Levy","title":"The influence of bends on the performance of pneumatic conveying systems"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54152915,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152915/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s0921-8831_2808_2960572-520170816-24896-8c69py.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152915/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_influence_of_bends_on_the_performanc.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54152915/s0921-8831_2808_2960572-520170816-24896-8c69py-libre.pdf?1502875703=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_influence_of_bends_on_the_performanc.pdf\u0026Expires=1732701373\u0026Signature=HSYDXB~ARIbU6bhgcY6rbvA1Tw63XCOTl9U6f4lnZYhxGJtlJVyfzzxkthFSxpXhYFA2fuU~qEREdMV0MlPUB2oDAzREd47Bl9v1z~MO8QwqP7rQ6n7xAFXUwM~XcPPQEPzjuT25a~N3m-xUEZeeD1FLLJwYH~~X4kKaWy5LnhotHK~CRbQzG1SxWagIYHwJzJtUXspAsC16I36t-U6uAvdRFQo2HI2ASHos0Ul3Gfs34h6ThD2btj3I06O6NTumDjpbYHpW-f0pDaKExvSGBlYTXU1bv4EF8Se0ynpdPeZktA6Wr-Dg-WcixZxvIwD92GKev~ebzhd6jn1aTWgz8Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_influence_of_bends_on_the_performance_of_pneumatic_conveying_systems","translated_slug":"","page_count":10,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":66921411,"first_name":"David","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Mason","page_name":"DavidMason51","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-08-02T02:46:31.327-07:00","display_name":"David Mason","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DavidMason51"},"attachments":[{"id":54152915,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152915/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s0921-8831_2808_2960572-520170816-24896-8c69py.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152915/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_influence_of_bends_on_the_performanc.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54152915/s0921-8831_2808_2960572-520170816-24896-8c69py-libre.pdf?1502875703=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_influence_of_bends_on_the_performanc.pdf\u0026Expires=1732701373\u0026Signature=HSYDXB~ARIbU6bhgcY6rbvA1Tw63XCOTl9U6f4lnZYhxGJtlJVyfzzxkthFSxpXhYFA2fuU~qEREdMV0MlPUB2oDAzREd47Bl9v1z~MO8QwqP7rQ6n7xAFXUwM~XcPPQEPzjuT25a~N3m-xUEZeeD1FLLJwYH~~X4kKaWy5LnhotHK~CRbQzG1SxWagIYHwJzJtUXspAsC16I36t-U6uAvdRFQo2HI2ASHos0Ul3Gfs34h6ThD2btj3I06O6NTumDjpbYHpW-f0pDaKExvSGBlYTXU1bv4EF8Se0ynpdPeZktA6Wr-Dg-WcixZxvIwD92GKev~ebzhd6jn1aTWgz8Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering"},{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering"},{"id":331203,"name":"Pressure Drop","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pressure_Drop"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="31253785"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/31253785/Spark_ignition_and_spark_assisted_controlled_auto_ignition_in_an_optical_gasoline_engine"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Spark ignition and spark-assisted controlled auto-ignition in an optical gasoline engine" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/31253785/Spark_ignition_and_spark_assisted_controlled_auto_ignition_in_an_optical_gasoline_engine">Spark ignition and spark-assisted controlled auto-ignition in an optical gasoline engine</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://brighton.academia.edu/StevenBegg">Steven Begg</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DavidMason51">David Mason</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="31253785"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="31253785"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 31253785; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=31253785]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=31253785]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 31253785; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='31253785']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 31253785, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=31253785]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":31253785,"title":"Spark ignition and spark-assisted controlled auto-ignition in an optical gasoline engine","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publication_date":{"day":3,"month":11,"year":2009,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/31253785/Spark_ignition_and_spark_assisted_controlled_auto_ignition_in_an_optical_gasoline_engine","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-02-06T02:02:51.934-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":59482104,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":27564491,"work_id":31253785,"tagging_user_id":59482104,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":4656016,"email":"m***l@brighton.ac.uk","display_order":0,"name":"Morgan Heikal","title":"Spark ignition and spark-assisted controlled auto-ignition in an optical gasoline engine"},{"id":27564492,"work_id":31253785,"tagging_user_id":59482104,"tagged_user_id":66921411,"co_author_invite_id":4024898,"email":"d***n@brighton.ac.uk","display_order":4194304,"name":"David Mason","title":"Spark ignition and spark-assisted controlled auto-ignition in an optical gasoline engine"}],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Spark_ignition_and_spark_assisted_controlled_auto_ignition_in_an_optical_gasoline_engine","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":59482104,"first_name":"Steven","middle_initials":"","last_name":"Begg","page_name":"StevenBegg","domain_name":"brighton","created_at":"2017-01-31T05:30:16.118-08:00","display_name":"Steven Begg","url":"https://brighton.academia.edu/StevenBegg"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":7930015,"url":"http://eprints.brighton.ac.uk/6352/"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="34075885"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/34075885/Transient_heating_of_a_semitransparent_spherical_body"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Transient heating of a semitransparent spherical body" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54010855/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/34075885/Transient_heating_of_a_semitransparent_spherical_body">Transient heating of a semitransparent spherical body</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SergeiSazhin">Sergei Sazhin</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DavidMason51">David Mason</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>International Journal of Thermal Sciences</span><span>, 2007</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3f4e790dc5d58a0e5c902b70026a761e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":54010855,"asset_id":34075885,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54010855/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="34075885"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34075885"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34075885; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34075885]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34075885]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34075885; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='34075885']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34075885, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "3f4e790dc5d58a0e5c902b70026a761e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=34075885]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":34075885,"title":"Transient heating of a semitransparent spherical body","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"The problem of transient heating of a semitransparent spherical body immersed in a stationary hot gas is investigated, taking into account the effect of thermal radiation. The size of the domain occupied by the gas is assumed to be finite, and the outer boundary of this domain is kept at constant temperature. The initial radial distribution of temperature in the body is taken into account. A modification of Newton's law for body heating is introduced via a correction to either the gas temperature or convection heat transfer coefficient. Explicit expressions for these corrections are obtained for the case of homogeneous initial distribution of temperature and radiation absorption inside the body, and constant radiation temperature. For large Fourier numbers Fo, the correction to gas temperature is expected to be of limited practical importance, as both this correction and the difference between the initial gas temperature and the body surface temperature approach zero (heat transferred from gas to the body becomes negligible). The results are analysed using values of parameters relevant to diesel engines. The values of the corrections to the convection heat transfer coefficient vary from about 0.1 (large domain occupied by gas and Fo = 500) to 2.8 at Fo = 0.1. This means that ignoring these corrections is expected to lead to unacceptably large errors in computations. The total time for body heating is shown to be more than an order of magnitude longer when compared to the heating of this body in a perfectly stirred gas. The effect of thermal radiation on droplet heating is accounted for via the additional corrections of gas temperature or the convection heat transfer coefficient. It is shown that the effects of radiation on the surface heat flux are small for small Fo, but become dominant for large Fo (Fo \u003e 50).","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2007,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"International Journal of Thermal Sciences","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":54010855},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34075885/Transient_heating_of_a_semitransparent_spherical_body","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-30T02:50:41.096-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":66833851,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":29893256,"work_id":34075885,"tagging_user_id":66833851,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":4656016,"email":"m***l@brighton.ac.uk","display_order":0,"name":"M. Heikal","title":"Transient heating of a semitransparent spherical body"},{"id":29893264,"work_id":34075885,"tagging_user_id":66833851,"tagged_user_id":66921411,"co_author_invite_id":4024898,"email":"d***n@brighton.ac.uk","display_order":4194304,"name":"David Mason","title":"Transient heating of a semitransparent spherical body"},{"id":29919600,"work_id":34075885,"tagging_user_id":66833851,"tagged_user_id":23595513,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"e***a@brighton.ac.uk","display_order":6291456,"name":"Elena Sazhina","title":"Transient heating of a semitransparent spherical body"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54010855,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54010855/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"j.ijthermalsci.2006.07.00720170730-2874-1esf0md.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54010855/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Transient_heating_of_a_semitransparent_s.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54010855/j.ijthermalsci.2006.07.00720170730-2874-1esf0md-libre.pdf?1501408633=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTransient_heating_of_a_semitransparent_s.pdf\u0026Expires=1732701373\u0026Signature=WdCM2T~Vy5Su~96d5LnRZw7C5JpAlHKtOmgxv4flAUuJn0thL6UkTBZf~dqo-vqb444fJml-l0ijZZhnt2EAqXbNiV3nCguHHaAdHWUIQLnE82g0uA0etOIkvB5yNkWhYAISPffMq6regah06OC1fv0AKSuW-GKD5rKcAQCj~uo7y0y~B95DuPO202FnLpt0Gff0zlQrgZb8HZCyduu2xvCNe~fm08DygM0oL-tgujyoNgBnO5LUBhPQpXQL~cJJW~zDv9DEpZtoDO2HuLk~F3qh0BiwxbS2s0-e-5kHcSq903pQlWSvfmQyLkNmxmkPztkKtEpHhPL0rsTbHACm5A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Transient_heating_of_a_semitransparent_spherical_body","translated_slug":"","page_count":14,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":66833851,"first_name":"Sergei","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Sazhin","page_name":"SergeiSazhin","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-07-30T02:49:39.945-07:00","display_name":"Sergei Sazhin","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SergeiSazhin"},"attachments":[{"id":54010855,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54010855/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"j.ijthermalsci.2006.07.00720170730-2874-1esf0md.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54010855/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Transient_heating_of_a_semitransparent_s.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54010855/j.ijthermalsci.2006.07.00720170730-2874-1esf0md-libre.pdf?1501408633=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTransient_heating_of_a_semitransparent_s.pdf\u0026Expires=1732701373\u0026Signature=WdCM2T~Vy5Su~96d5LnRZw7C5JpAlHKtOmgxv4flAUuJn0thL6UkTBZf~dqo-vqb444fJml-l0ijZZhnt2EAqXbNiV3nCguHHaAdHWUIQLnE82g0uA0etOIkvB5yNkWhYAISPffMq6regah06OC1fv0AKSuW-GKD5rKcAQCj~uo7y0y~B95DuPO202FnLpt0Gff0zlQrgZb8HZCyduu2xvCNe~fm08DygM0oL-tgujyoNgBnO5LUBhPQpXQL~cJJW~zDv9DEpZtoDO2HuLk~F3qh0BiwxbS2s0-e-5kHcSq903pQlWSvfmQyLkNmxmkPztkKtEpHhPL0rsTbHACm5A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering"},{"id":305,"name":"Applied Mathematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mathematics"},{"id":2025,"name":"Conduction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conduction"},{"id":6177,"name":"Modeling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modeling"},{"id":8067,"name":"Heat Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Transfer"},{"id":119668,"name":"Thermal conduction in Nanomaterials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_conduction_in_Nanomaterials"},{"id":133294,"name":"Land Surface Temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Land_Surface_Temperature"},{"id":171623,"name":"Droplets","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Droplets"},{"id":176526,"name":"Droplet","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Droplet"},{"id":187812,"name":"Thermal Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Sciences"},{"id":201306,"name":"Heat Flux","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Flux"},{"id":281159,"name":"Diesel engine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diesel_engine"},{"id":486072,"name":"Thermal Radiation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Radiation"},{"id":542983,"name":"Heating","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heating"},{"id":554780,"name":"Interdisciplinary Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interdisciplinary_Engineering"},{"id":661889,"name":"Convective Heat Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Convective_Heat_Transfer"},{"id":1204430,"name":"European Regional Development Fund’","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Regional_Development_Fund"},{"id":2219447,"name":"Heat Radiation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Radiation"},{"id":2579578,"name":"surface temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/surface_temperature"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="7289519" id="papers"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="34238882"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238882/Transient_heating_of_semitransparent_droplet"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Transient heating of semitransparent droplet" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238882/Transient_heating_of_semitransparent_droplet">Transient heating of semitransparent droplet</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="34238882"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34238882"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238882; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238882]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238882]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238882; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='34238882']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34238882, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=34238882]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":34238882,"title":"Transient heating of semitransparent droplet","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2005,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34238882/Transient_heating_of_semitransparent_droplet","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-08-16T02:14:38.388-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":66921411,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":30021473,"work_id":34238882,"tagging_user_id":66921411,"tagged_user_id":66833851,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"s***n@brighton.ac.uk","display_order":1,"name":"Sergei Sazhin","title":"Transient heating of semitransparent droplet"},{"id":30021474,"work_id":34238882,"tagging_user_id":66921411,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":4656016,"email":"m***l@brighton.ac.uk","display_order":2,"name":"Morgan Heikal","title":"Transient heating of semitransparent droplet"},{"id":30085415,"work_id":34238882,"tagging_user_id":66921411,"tagged_user_id":66707866,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"e***5@gmail.com","display_order":4194305,"name":"elena sazhina","title":"Transient heating of semitransparent droplet"}],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Transient_heating_of_semitransparent_droplet","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":66921411,"first_name":"David","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Mason","page_name":"DavidMason51","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-08-02T02:46:31.327-07:00","display_name":"David Mason","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DavidMason51"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":8258222,"url":"http://eprints.brighton.ac.uk/6184/"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="34238881"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238881/The_effect_of_a_bend_on_the_particle_cross_section_concentration_and_segregation_in_pneumatic_conveying_systems"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The effect of a bend on the particle cross-section concentration and segregation in pneumatic conveying systems" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152916/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238881/The_effect_of_a_bend_on_the_particle_cross_section_concentration_and_segregation_in_pneumatic_conveying_systems">The effect of a bend on the particle cross-section concentration and segregation in pneumatic conveying systems</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Powder Technology</span><span>, 1998</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="465b6472902f59d4c651519fdcef65ba" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":54152916,"asset_id":34238881,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152916/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="34238881"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34238881"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238881; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238881]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238881]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238881; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='34238881']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34238881, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "465b6472902f59d4c651519fdcef65ba" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=34238881]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":34238881,"title":"The effect of a bend on the particle cross-section concentration and segregation in pneumatic conveying systems","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"Powder Technology 98 ( ! 998 ) 95-103","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":1998,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Powder Technology","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":54152916},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34238881/The_effect_of_a_bend_on_the_particle_cross_section_concentration_and_segregation_in_pneumatic_conveying_systems","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-08-16T02:14:38.190-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":66921411,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":30021476,"work_id":34238881,"tagging_user_id":66921411,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":3188978,"email":"a***y@gcal.ac.uk","display_order":0,"name":"Avi Levy","title":"The effect of a bend on the particle cross-section concentration and segregation in pneumatic conveying systems"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54152916,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152916/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s0032-5910_2897_2903385-820170816-24899-dvdqek.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152916/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_effect_of_a_bend_on_the_particle_cro.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54152916/s0032-5910_2897_2903385-820170816-24899-dvdqek-libre.pdf?1502875715=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_effect_of_a_bend_on_the_particle_cro.pdf\u0026Expires=1732701372\u0026Signature=DoqgVkUpI4-5qp0yH~Aa7tXGrtTW5U-PWiwGVHK8mNMx6NdnhsvFqbRG~um4rPJqZ36ul~5Y3y0RkL7p0DK5Oj1J2uJC~cAXP53YrqGwFIgjcFnsBblKNa0KPxt7af92i~Fx4TttXmC3HqsMNv4EnHO3dM6rPbGjLy7nrB-~QRTONzdZm8iWxSw6Vvce~d6C-~fxzjd0pvWy7WcaatAI2xtXVg66hlfKDn9SX2EgDqs-mPxuPCSOMiXQ1fGuVk7vfX7jVX15biMLKdjBLq7-kRPHCzVR~jWmBsNYHc8xvJcIk-tGFCi4YuTh1LKZ5nEAeYiW~npf-zrlqrkY0zNqiQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_effect_of_a_bend_on_the_particle_cross_section_concentration_and_segregation_in_pneumatic_conveying_systems","translated_slug":"","page_count":9,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":66921411,"first_name":"David","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Mason","page_name":"DavidMason51","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-08-02T02:46:31.327-07:00","display_name":"David Mason","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DavidMason51"},"attachments":[{"id":54152916,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152916/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s0032-5910_2897_2903385-820170816-24899-dvdqek.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152916/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_effect_of_a_bend_on_the_particle_cro.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54152916/s0032-5910_2897_2903385-820170816-24899-dvdqek-libre.pdf?1502875715=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_effect_of_a_bend_on_the_particle_cro.pdf\u0026Expires=1732701372\u0026Signature=DoqgVkUpI4-5qp0yH~Aa7tXGrtTW5U-PWiwGVHK8mNMx6NdnhsvFqbRG~um4rPJqZ36ul~5Y3y0RkL7p0DK5Oj1J2uJC~cAXP53YrqGwFIgjcFnsBblKNa0KPxt7af92i~Fx4TttXmC3HqsMNv4EnHO3dM6rPbGjLy7nrB-~QRTONzdZm8iWxSw6Vvce~d6C-~fxzjd0pvWy7WcaatAI2xtXVg66hlfKDn9SX2EgDqs-mPxuPCSOMiXQ1fGuVk7vfX7jVX15biMLKdjBLq7-kRPHCzVR~jWmBsNYHc8xvJcIk-tGFCi4YuTh1LKZ5nEAeYiW~npf-zrlqrkY0zNqiQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering"},{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering"},{"id":23020,"name":"Powder technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Powder_technology"},{"id":332277,"name":"Finite Volume","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Finite_Volume"},{"id":382329,"name":"Granular Material","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Granular_Material"},{"id":390245,"name":"Particle Size","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Particle_Size"},{"id":404000,"name":"Cross Section","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cross_Section"},{"id":497452,"name":"Numerical Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Numerical_Model"},{"id":1120502,"name":"Experimental Data","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Data"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="34238880"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238880/A_model_for_non_suspension_gas_solids_flow_of_fine_powders_in_pipes"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A model for non-suspension gas–solids flow of fine powders in pipes" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152919/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238880/A_model_for_non_suspension_gas_solids_flow_of_fine_powders_in_pipes">A model for non-suspension gas–solids flow of fine powders in pipes</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>International Journal of Multiphase Flow</span><span>, 2001</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="2079d1350f1094c4ae0e737f5db01f39" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":54152919,"asset_id":34238880,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152919/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="34238880"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34238880"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238880; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238880]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238880]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238880; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='34238880']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34238880, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "2079d1350f1094c4ae0e737f5db01f39" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=34238880]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":34238880,"title":"A model for non-suspension gas–solids flow of fine powders in pipes","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"The two-layer concept developed previously for a liquid±solids¯ow has been adapted to model dense phase transport of powders in pneumatic conveying systems. Many bulk materials of this type are capable of¯owing in a non-suspension moving-bed type of¯ow. A new model for this type of¯ow in a horizontal pipe has been developed where the¯ow is modelled as two layers: a dilute gas±solids mixturē owing above a dense gas±solids mixture. For each layer, the conservation equations for mass, momentum and energy were solved for both the gas and solids phases. In addition, mass, momentum and energy transfers between the two layers were modelled. A single pressure was shared between the two layers. The paper describes the sub-models used to describe phenomena, such as the momentum transfer between the gas and solids in a layer. Transfer of mass, momentum and energy between the two layers results in a model that behaves in a similar manner to experimental observations. For example, as the mean¯ow velocity increases, the depth of the dense layer decreases. The predicted pressure pro®le for fully developed¯ow was compared with experimental data. In general, the prediction of pressure pro®le, and the predicted depth of the dense layer show reasonable agreement with the experimental observations. A parametric study was conducted to assess the relative signi®cance of the initial conditions on the overall behaviour of the model. Variation of the initial conditions for the same total gas and solids mass¯ow rates was found to have only a small eect on the prediction of fully developed ow. 7","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2001,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":54152919},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34238880/A_model_for_non_suspension_gas_solids_flow_of_fine_powders_in_pipes","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-08-16T02:14:38.004-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":66921411,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":30021512,"work_id":34238880,"tagging_user_id":66921411,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":3188978,"email":"a***y@gcal.ac.uk","display_order":1,"name":"Avi Levy","title":"A model for non-suspension gas–solids flow of fine powders in pipes"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54152919,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152919/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s0301-9322_2800_2900033-120170816-24899-yw1g44.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152919/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"A_model_for_non_suspension_gas_solids_fl.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54152919/s0301-9322_2800_2900033-120170816-24899-yw1g44-libre.pdf?1502875702=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_model_for_non_suspension_gas_solids_fl.pdf\u0026Expires=1732701372\u0026Signature=KmE-f-UkiHiGk522kx5M3sbaTV0EDrgdl-i~izhWSj-7zT-oZhVPXLcGPHdGhOGzo71dxW9TV8nAsJB2z5pqn5NoxWvQweT8r5mL1DcJPpOud2pCzNlWoWwsdEcBG8XcrfaQgKQviANFJJxUeAWlPMa3~BCYoJEb3PCILvieE08gUEyYvCIBM8G3I5Crnk4GLeYw7RF3n0DEnEphmOM6mPtz80ge9nKMKjT~c8s6WRi0XJqMRE~xP2nFGjRK2S7rdDeFQ6kaoZWG6qz-FYUW3DwDtDqTXy1D2Xqzh5GUm4S2Q8IZ5XJlfVKW8zgq-y4fey2T~qmXh-CA6Vb6M9niRA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"A_model_for_non_suspension_gas_solids_flow_of_fine_powders_in_pipes","translated_slug":"","page_count":21,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":66921411,"first_name":"David","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Mason","page_name":"DavidMason51","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-08-02T02:46:31.327-07:00","display_name":"David Mason","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DavidMason51"},"attachments":[{"id":54152919,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152919/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s0301-9322_2800_2900033-120170816-24899-yw1g44.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152919/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"A_model_for_non_suspension_gas_solids_fl.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54152919/s0301-9322_2800_2900033-120170816-24899-yw1g44-libre.pdf?1502875702=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_model_for_non_suspension_gas_solids_fl.pdf\u0026Expires=1732701372\u0026Signature=KmE-f-UkiHiGk522kx5M3sbaTV0EDrgdl-i~izhWSj-7zT-oZhVPXLcGPHdGhOGzo71dxW9TV8nAsJB2z5pqn5NoxWvQweT8r5mL1DcJPpOud2pCzNlWoWwsdEcBG8XcrfaQgKQviANFJJxUeAWlPMa3~BCYoJEb3PCILvieE08gUEyYvCIBM8G3I5Crnk4GLeYw7RF3n0DEnEphmOM6mPtz80ge9nKMKjT~c8s6WRi0XJqMRE~xP2nFGjRK2S7rdDeFQ6kaoZWG6qz-FYUW3DwDtDqTXy1D2Xqzh5GUm4S2Q8IZ5XJlfVKW8zgq-y4fey2T~qmXh-CA6Vb6M9niRA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering"},{"id":7114,"name":"Multiphase Flow","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multiphase_Flow"},{"id":717129,"name":"Energy Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Transfer"},{"id":898062,"name":"Flow Rate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flow_Rate"},{"id":1119718,"name":"Initial Condition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Initial_Condition"},{"id":1120502,"name":"Experimental Data","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Data"},{"id":1712648,"name":"Momentum Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Momentum_Transfer"},{"id":2003399,"name":"Parametric Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parametric_Study"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="34238879"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238879/An_investigation_of_the_flow_structure_through_abrupt_enlargement_of_circular_pipe"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of An investigation of the flow structure through abrupt enlargement of circular pipe" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152918/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238879/An_investigation_of_the_flow_structure_through_abrupt_enlargement_of_circular_pipe">An investigation of the flow structure through abrupt enlargement of circular pipe</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Powder Technology</span><span>, 1999</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="da8d287df0ccf2c6e686330bf1f4f13e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":54152918,"asset_id":34238879,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152918/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="34238879"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34238879"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238879; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238879]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238879]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238879; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='34238879']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34238879, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "da8d287df0ccf2c6e686330bf1f4f13e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=34238879]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":34238879,"title":"An investigation of the flow structure through abrupt enlargement of circular pipe","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"There are many examples of flow of gas, with or without solids, where an abrupt change of cross-sectional area has to be implemented. A typical example is long distance pneumatic conveying where single bore pipeline normally requires high pressure drop which consequently results in high gas and solids velocities towards the end of pipeline. In those cases, stepped pipeline is used in order to reduce both gas and solids velocity whenever they reach unacceptable level. The flow structure through an abrupt enlargement of a conduit can be very complex, specially in the case of gas-solids flow. Both velocity and pressure fields are very important for the analysis and design of the overall flow characteristics. The compressible flow of gas through an abrupt enlargement was modelled using both a 1-D analytical model and 3-D numerical model. A summary of the analytical 1-D model of compressible flow through an abrupt Ž . enlargement and the results obtained for the flow through stepped pipe 81 to 105 mm for several flow conditions are presented in this paper. Those results have been compared with the 3-D numerical model which solves basic conservation equations and very good agreement was found. Finally the same 3-D numerical model was applied to several regimes of gas-solids flow in order to investigate the structure of gas and solids velocity field, as well as pressure distribution along the pipe. Special attention has been paid to the pressure recovery downstream from the enlargement due to its important role in the design of stepped pipeline pneumatic conveying system. q 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":1999,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Powder Technology","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":54152918},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34238879/An_investigation_of_the_flow_structure_through_abrupt_enlargement_of_circular_pipe","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-08-16T02:14:37.730-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":66921411,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":30021529,"work_id":34238879,"tagging_user_id":66921411,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":6479836,"email":"p***c@gcal.ac.uk","display_order":0,"name":"Predrag Marjanovic","title":"An investigation of the flow structure through abrupt enlargement of circular pipe"},{"id":30021530,"work_id":34238879,"tagging_user_id":66921411,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":3188978,"email":"a***y@gcal.ac.uk","display_order":4194304,"name":"Avi Levy","title":"An investigation of the flow structure through abrupt enlargement of circular pipe"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54152918,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152918/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s0032-5910_2899_2900107-220170816-24893-5s34v0.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152918/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"An_investigation_of_the_flow_structure_t.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54152918/s0032-5910_2899_2900107-220170816-24893-5s34v0-libre.pdf?1502875702=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAn_investigation_of_the_flow_structure_t.pdf\u0026Expires=1732701372\u0026Signature=KxhmwGtJG4wLJVMAs1kn86mnxELL01cPfT~wT-fufDZni9~I9AAq-g2fcqH~Q0xJaIQ6WyR2bOte7vBhZJkZNs7IaqZz8VRsp1QD~nX6EKjdT7o5S5NGbfBioGK29I96DGzJKLCtofg6uNs7LZ2L3VbojtUjOac72tmGhktn7r8eE9CkOQf2OmGEQogiEemrNtV-sbPEjxwbwzPIPgB2o0qooD6IJh~~N5Mtkm-7~GQp6TGlL5v1NoRRP~dz0MWN5DpGtilNKUBWgy588fEXX-uA4MR3O3~3UIED1c2dPPyfd923aew6eMX~er-5TVkFcrmdsQx5ILBRN-lT4dwMDw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"An_investigation_of_the_flow_structure_through_abrupt_enlargement_of_circular_pipe","translated_slug":"","page_count":8,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":66921411,"first_name":"David","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Mason","page_name":"DavidMason51","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-08-02T02:46:31.327-07:00","display_name":"David Mason","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DavidMason51"},"attachments":[{"id":54152918,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152918/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s0032-5910_2899_2900107-220170816-24893-5s34v0.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152918/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"An_investigation_of_the_flow_structure_t.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54152918/s0032-5910_2899_2900107-220170816-24893-5s34v0-libre.pdf?1502875702=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAn_investigation_of_the_flow_structure_t.pdf\u0026Expires=1732701372\u0026Signature=KxhmwGtJG4wLJVMAs1kn86mnxELL01cPfT~wT-fufDZni9~I9AAq-g2fcqH~Q0xJaIQ6WyR2bOte7vBhZJkZNs7IaqZz8VRsp1QD~nX6EKjdT7o5S5NGbfBioGK29I96DGzJKLCtofg6uNs7LZ2L3VbojtUjOac72tmGhktn7r8eE9CkOQf2OmGEQogiEemrNtV-sbPEjxwbwzPIPgB2o0qooD6IJh~~N5Mtkm-7~GQp6TGlL5v1NoRRP~dz0MWN5DpGtilNKUBWgy588fEXX-uA4MR3O3~3UIED1c2dPPyfd923aew6eMX~er-5TVkFcrmdsQx5ILBRN-lT4dwMDw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering"},{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering"},{"id":4107,"name":"High Pressure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Pressure"},{"id":23020,"name":"Powder technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Powder_technology"},{"id":238198,"name":"Seismic analysis and design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seismic_analysis_and_design"},{"id":331203,"name":"Pressure Drop","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pressure_Drop"},{"id":413300,"name":"Analytical Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analytical_Model"},{"id":497452,"name":"Numerical Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Numerical_Model"},{"id":872274,"name":"Compressible Flow","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Compressible_Flow"},{"id":893366,"name":"Velocity Field","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Velocity_Field"},{"id":1144265,"name":"Pressure Distribution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pressure_Distribution"},{"id":1714028,"name":"Long Distance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Long_Distance"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="34238878"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238878/A_comparison_of_analytical_and_numerical_models_with_experimental_data_for_gas_solid_flow_through_a_straight_pipe_at_different_inclinations"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A comparison of analytical and numerical models with experimental data for gas-solid flow through a straight pipe at different inclinations" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152921/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238878/A_comparison_of_analytical_and_numerical_models_with_experimental_data_for_gas_solid_flow_through_a_straight_pipe_at_different_inclinations">A comparison of analytical and numerical models with experimental data for gas-solid flow through a straight pipe at different inclinations</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Powder Technology</span><span>, 1997</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="dc8723685dc7aee792b06634b1d022ac" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":54152921,"asset_id":34238878,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152921/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="34238878"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34238878"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238878; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238878]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238878]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238878; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='34238878']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34238878, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "dc8723685dc7aee792b06634b1d022ac" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=34238878]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":34238878,"title":"A comparison of analytical and numerical models with experimental data for gas-solid flow through a straight pipe at different inclinations","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"An analytical model for gas-solid suspension flow through an inclined section of pipe was developed. This model predicts the ratio of the total pressure drop in an inclined pipe to that of a horizontal pipe. The model has been used to predict the critical pipe angle, which is defined as the angle at which the maximum pressure drop for a given solids flow rate is achieved. This angle differs from 90 ° (found in a single-phase flow) and is directly proportional to the ratio between the gas superficial velocity and the particle terminal velocity. The three-dimensional conservation equations for steady-state two-phase flow in an inclined pipe were solved numerically for constant solids and gas flow rates at different pipe inclinations. This model was based on the continuum theory for describing the mass and momentum balance equations for the fluid and solid phases. A packing model, describing the shear stress of the solid phase as a function of its volume fraction, is suggested in order to limit the maximum value of the solid volume fraction. A new model for particle-wall interaction was developed taking into account the angle of inclination of the pipe. The prediction of the numerical model was compared with experimental data obtained in a specially designed test rig. In general, the agreement between the experimental data and the models was satisfactory. The results of the numerical simulation also confirmed that the critical pipe angle for gas-solid flow is lower than 90 ° . The assumptions made during the development of the models were assessed in order to explain the differences between the predicted and measured values of the flow parameters for different flow regimes. © 1997 Elsevier Science S.A.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":1997,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Powder Technology","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":54152921},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34238878/A_comparison_of_analytical_and_numerical_models_with_experimental_data_for_gas_solid_flow_through_a_straight_pipe_at_different_inclinations","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-08-16T02:14:37.435-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":66921411,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":30021531,"work_id":34238878,"tagging_user_id":66921411,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":3188978,"email":"a***y@gcal.ac.uk","display_order":0,"name":"Avi Levy","title":"A comparison of analytical and numerical models with experimental data for gas-solid flow through a straight pipe at different inclinations"},{"id":30021532,"work_id":34238878,"tagging_user_id":66921411,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":6479836,"email":"p***c@gcal.ac.uk","display_order":4194304,"name":"Predrag Marjanovic","title":"A comparison of analytical and numerical models with experimental data for gas-solid flow through a straight pipe at different inclinations"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54152921,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152921/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s0032-5910_2897_2903280-420170816-24893-q2vs1c.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152921/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"A_comparison_of_analytical_and_numerical.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54152921/s0032-5910_2897_2903280-420170816-24893-q2vs1c-libre.pdf?1502875708=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_comparison_of_analytical_and_numerical.pdf\u0026Expires=1732701372\u0026Signature=Fv771thu2qSOhxL-0w~H2NCFPzSMyUCvLviXB3Pfn5FM3LG0fqzPhtljZBQZo~ixuNkDiJblkhZJQVjF5BS9iskZmn~wBnsMh1LKPXUiEI-iijUD1zHQvUwaAOnJtChbiJFUbGXC4RuVr668n67knn-622EAZt8K2tmq~9uqfbq-JiYtPTTL8XgRpcR1vq9QluGrrvZbOkmCjtnPXgJrPjO1dRmJAtOiaKnLfMstZD0sXON8tPwDwa2O-W88a7w7wZzOgJetIJcozTZ37Tz3hsnBpU5rkKBSwfp9VqRfkOi7tHBRZbV4nQUIPWexcFll3JDfuEJasR8xce5aOBYAJQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"A_comparison_of_analytical_and_numerical_models_with_experimental_data_for_gas_solid_flow_through_a_straight_pipe_at_different_inclinations","translated_slug":"","page_count":8,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":66921411,"first_name":"David","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Mason","page_name":"DavidMason51","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-08-02T02:46:31.327-07:00","display_name":"David Mason","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DavidMason51"},"attachments":[{"id":54152921,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152921/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s0032-5910_2897_2903280-420170816-24893-q2vs1c.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152921/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"A_comparison_of_analytical_and_numerical.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54152921/s0032-5910_2897_2903280-420170816-24893-q2vs1c-libre.pdf?1502875708=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_comparison_of_analytical_and_numerical.pdf\u0026Expires=1732701372\u0026Signature=Fv771thu2qSOhxL-0w~H2NCFPzSMyUCvLviXB3Pfn5FM3LG0fqzPhtljZBQZo~ixuNkDiJblkhZJQVjF5BS9iskZmn~wBnsMh1LKPXUiEI-iijUD1zHQvUwaAOnJtChbiJFUbGXC4RuVr668n67knn-622EAZt8K2tmq~9uqfbq-JiYtPTTL8XgRpcR1vq9QluGrrvZbOkmCjtnPXgJrPjO1dRmJAtOiaKnLfMstZD0sXON8tPwDwa2O-W88a7w7wZzOgJetIJcozTZ37Tz3hsnBpU5rkKBSwfp9VqRfkOi7tHBRZbV4nQUIPWexcFll3JDfuEJasR8xce5aOBYAJQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering"},{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering"},{"id":8066,"name":"Two Phase Flow","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Two_Phase_Flow"},{"id":23020,"name":"Powder technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Powder_technology"},{"id":60658,"name":"Numerical Simulation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Numerical_Simulation"},{"id":175859,"name":"Shear Stress","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shear_Stress"},{"id":234860,"name":"Steady state","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Steady_state"},{"id":331203,"name":"Pressure Drop","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pressure_Drop"},{"id":394912,"name":"Flow Regime","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flow_Regime"},{"id":413300,"name":"Analytical Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analytical_Model"},{"id":497452,"name":"Numerical Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Numerical_Model"},{"id":504035,"name":"Three Dimensional","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Three_Dimensional"},{"id":897122,"name":"Gas Flow","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gas_Flow"},{"id":898062,"name":"Flow Rate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flow_Rate"},{"id":1120502,"name":"Experimental Data","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Data"},{"id":2295024,"name":"Volume Fraction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Volume_Fraction"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="34238877"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238877/A_simulation_system_for_pneumatic_conveying_systems"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A simulation system for pneumatic conveying systems" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152917/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238877/A_simulation_system_for_pneumatic_conveying_systems">A simulation system for pneumatic conveying systems</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Powder Technology</span><span>, 1998</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="58cac44dade2bd73929a7a9082ff5a13" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":54152917,"asset_id":34238877,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152917/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="34238877"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34238877"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238877; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238877]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238877]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238877; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='34238877']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34238877, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "58cac44dade2bd73929a7a9082ff5a13" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=34238877]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":34238877,"title":"A simulation system for pneumatic conveying systems","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"Pneurnai,ic conveying sysi,erns provide a highly flexible means of transporting dry hulk particuhite materials, The main prahlerri encountered when designing, optimising, or uprating these systems ix the deterrnination of tile air supply necessary to achieve a particular duty ( solids mass ttow rate ). Many correlations exist i,o predict the pressure drop llecessary to drive the flow, arid Ihe gas velocities necessary fi)r successful openltion. Unforturiately. i,l'ie design methods th:lt incorponite these correlatioris are limited in terms of their Ilexibilitv. The developnlent of this siiriulation resulted fi'orrl the desire to increase the Itexibilii,y of i,he design method, and the need to employ rnore than one pressure drop con'elai,ion. As a i'e~ult of Ihese i,~o requirerneni,s tile prohlen'i of simulating the Ol'~eration of a pneunlati¢ conveying system was re-evaluated. ~¢; \u003e I t)91.,l Elsevier Scielice S.A.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":1998,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Powder Technology","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":54152917},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34238877/A_simulation_system_for_pneumatic_conveying_systems","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-08-16T02:14:37.158-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":66921411,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":30021533,"work_id":34238877,"tagging_user_id":66921411,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":6479836,"email":"p***c@gcal.ac.uk","display_order":1,"name":"Predrag Marjanovic","title":"A simulation system for pneumatic conveying systems"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54152917,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152917/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s0032-5910_2897_2903310-x20170816-24893-13chr6.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152917/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"A_simulation_system_for_pneumatic_convey.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54152917/s0032-5910_2897_2903310-x20170816-24893-13chr6-libre.pdf?1502875711=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_simulation_system_for_pneumatic_convey.pdf\u0026Expires=1732701372\u0026Signature=EzN23OEqC8sbTPUn1oYy-pbM9qSvjrnJU63JBTSwIrfF~p8PvLl-ExDn7XmXQW25XBzHTs002yRVMOGoua~CcDX-Q5fEf~SvEBm7F5zvftdobEdawv-H5J-7ICdLiKcAA~UnCbfUVhcVAgaBIb~62Vw8jahDEed1nuGa101CTLwfbfz2NfCSPJy8kKWBbDAFxQN9ZT-Mn0M2av7EKpoM~iK9XAaHyUdqj~HXfApe~4SHfiL9k9NdhCTLoYAQ71fYouKSmS4Pm~ZCDQddTdln78~aXbEWx9LvrApeZATYqyoU-pKS2AQqG8PHYYVhymM3saS5bly8FpdMmHPqUhxaEg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"A_simulation_system_for_pneumatic_conveying_systems","translated_slug":"","page_count":8,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":66921411,"first_name":"David","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Mason","page_name":"DavidMason51","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-08-02T02:46:31.327-07:00","display_name":"David Mason","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DavidMason51"},"attachments":[{"id":54152917,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152917/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s0032-5910_2897_2903310-x20170816-24893-13chr6.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152917/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"A_simulation_system_for_pneumatic_convey.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54152917/s0032-5910_2897_2903310-x20170816-24893-13chr6-libre.pdf?1502875711=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_simulation_system_for_pneumatic_convey.pdf\u0026Expires=1732701372\u0026Signature=EzN23OEqC8sbTPUn1oYy-pbM9qSvjrnJU63JBTSwIrfF~p8PvLl-ExDn7XmXQW25XBzHTs002yRVMOGoua~CcDX-Q5fEf~SvEBm7F5zvftdobEdawv-H5J-7ICdLiKcAA~UnCbfUVhcVAgaBIb~62Vw8jahDEed1nuGa101CTLwfbfz2NfCSPJy8kKWBbDAFxQN9ZT-Mn0M2av7EKpoM~iK9XAaHyUdqj~HXfApe~4SHfiL9k9NdhCTLoYAQ71fYouKSmS4Pm~ZCDQddTdln78~aXbEWx9LvrApeZATYqyoU-pKS2AQqG8PHYYVhymM3saS5bly8FpdMmHPqUhxaEg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering"},{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering"},{"id":23020,"name":"Powder technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Powder_technology"},{"id":80596,"name":"Design method","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_method"},{"id":331203,"name":"Pressure Drop","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pressure_Drop"},{"id":898062,"name":"Flow Rate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flow_Rate"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="34238876"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238876/Pneumatic_Conveying_Systems_in_Dense_Phase"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Pneumatic Conveying Systems in Dense Phase" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238876/Pneumatic_Conveying_Systems_in_Dense_Phase">Pneumatic Conveying Systems in Dense Phase</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Nondestructive Testing and Evaluation</span><span>, 1998</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">ABSTRACT A gamma ray tomograph has been designed for the study of the modes of flow in dense phas...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">ABSTRACT A gamma ray tomograph has been designed for the study of the modes of flow in dense phase pneumatic pipelines. The instrument has six americium-241 gamma ray sources and thirty miniature sodium iodide detectors arranged symmetrically around a pipe section. The instrumentation system comprises a multi-channel preamplifier, a CAMAC crate containing multi-channel discriminators, scalers and a GPIB crate controller, and an IBM-compatible personal computer. The detector gains are individually controlled by analogue voltage outputs provided by multi-channel DAC interface cards. The detector count-rates are used with a filtered linear back-projection algorithm to estimate the distribution of solid material over the pipe cross-section at a rate of ten images per second in real time. Preliminary laboratory tests have been carried out on a fluidised bed formed inside a permeameter tube and a full-scale test pipeline and instrument room have been developed for conveying tests.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="34238876"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34238876"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238876; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238876]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238876]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238876; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='34238876']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34238876, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=34238876]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":34238876,"title":"Pneumatic Conveying Systems in Dense Phase","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"ABSTRACT A gamma ray tomograph has been designed for the study of the modes of flow in dense phase pneumatic pipelines. The instrument has six americium-241 gamma ray sources and thirty miniature sodium iodide detectors arranged symmetrically around a pipe section. The instrumentation system comprises a multi-channel preamplifier, a CAMAC crate containing multi-channel discriminators, scalers and a GPIB crate controller, and an IBM-compatible personal computer. The detector gains are individually controlled by analogue voltage outputs provided by multi-channel DAC interface cards. The detector count-rates are used with a filtered linear back-projection algorithm to estimate the distribution of solid material over the pipe cross-section at a rate of ten images per second in real time. Preliminary laboratory tests have been carried out on a fluidised bed formed inside a permeameter tube and a full-scale test pipeline and instrument room have been developed for conveying tests.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":1998,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Nondestructive Testing and Evaluation"},"translated_abstract":"ABSTRACT A gamma ray tomograph has been designed for the study of the modes of flow in dense phase pneumatic pipelines. The instrument has six americium-241 gamma ray sources and thirty miniature sodium iodide detectors arranged symmetrically around a pipe section. The instrumentation system comprises a multi-channel preamplifier, a CAMAC crate containing multi-channel discriminators, scalers and a GPIB crate controller, and an IBM-compatible personal computer. The detector gains are individually controlled by analogue voltage outputs provided by multi-channel DAC interface cards. The detector count-rates are used with a filtered linear back-projection algorithm to estimate the distribution of solid material over the pipe cross-section at a rate of ten images per second in real time. Preliminary laboratory tests have been carried out on a fluidised bed formed inside a permeameter tube and a full-scale test pipeline and instrument room have been developed for conveying tests.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34238876/Pneumatic_Conveying_Systems_in_Dense_Phase","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-08-16T02:14:36.899-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":66921411,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":30021540,"work_id":34238876,"tagging_user_id":66921411,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":6479839,"email":"j***r@gcal.ac.uk","display_order":0,"name":"John Crowther","title":"Pneumatic Conveying Systems in Dense Phase"}],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Pneumatic_Conveying_Systems_in_Dense_Phase","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":66921411,"first_name":"David","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Mason","page_name":"DavidMason51","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-08-02T02:46:31.327-07:00","display_name":"David Mason","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DavidMason51"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering"},{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering"},{"id":15912,"name":"Electromagnetic Nondestructive Testing and Evaluation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electromagnetic_Nondestructive_Testing_and_Evaluation"},{"id":24815,"name":"Process Tomography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Process_Tomography"},{"id":229390,"name":"Real Time","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Real_Time"},{"id":404000,"name":"Cross Section","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cross_Section"},{"id":912885,"name":"Gamma Ray","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gamma_Ray"},{"id":1195987,"name":"Laboratory Tests","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Tests"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="34238875"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238875/Numerical_Simulation_of_Cavitation_Flows_Based_on_Their_Hydrodynamic_Similarity"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Numerical Simulation of Cavitation Flows Based on Their Hydrodynamic Similarity" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152914/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238875/Numerical_Simulation_of_Cavitation_Flows_Based_on_Their_Hydrodynamic_Similarity">Numerical Simulation of Cavitation Flows Based on Their Hydrodynamic Similarity</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>International Journal of Engine Research</span><span>, 2006</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9816d0433178ca9fece7fc0db75d58c1" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":54152914,"asset_id":34238875,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152914/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="34238875"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34238875"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238875; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238875]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238875]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238875; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='34238875']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34238875, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "9816d0433178ca9fece7fc0db75d58c1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=34238875]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":34238875,"title":"Numerical Simulation of Cavitation Flows Based on Their Hydrodynamic Similarity","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"Hydrodynamic similarity of cavitation flows in nozzles of different scales has been observed experimentally. In this paper a model of cavitation has been developed, taking into account the bubbly nature of cavitation and assuming local homogeneity of the vapour-liquid flow. The model of cavitation is built from correlations for evaporation and condensation, based on bubble dynamics theory, and an equation for the number density of cavitation bubbles, derived by assuming hydrodynamic similarity of cavitation flows. Compared with conventional models of cavitation, which fix the number density of cavitation bubbles, the present model takes into account the effect of liquid tension on the number density of active cavitation nuclei. The model has been implemented within the VECTIS computational fluid dynamics code and applied to the simulation of cavitating flows in nozzles.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2006,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"International Journal of Engine Research","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":54152914},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34238875/Numerical_Simulation_of_Cavitation_Flows_Based_on_Their_Hydrodynamic_Similarity","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-08-16T02:14:36.699-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":66921411,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":30021538,"work_id":34238875,"tagging_user_id":66921411,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":6479838,"email":"s***v@bton.ac.uk","display_order":0,"name":"S. Martynov","title":"Numerical Simulation of Cavitation Flows Based on Their Hydrodynamic Similarity"},{"id":30021539,"work_id":34238875,"tagging_user_id":66921411,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":4656016,"email":"m***l@brighton.ac.uk","display_order":4194304,"name":"Morgan Heikal","title":"Numerical Simulation of Cavitation Flows Based on Their Hydrodynamic Similarity"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54152914,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152914/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Martynov_paper_1.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152914/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Numerical_Simulation_of_Cavitation_Flows.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54152914/Martynov_paper_1-libre.pdf?1502875708=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DNumerical_Simulation_of_Cavitation_Flows.pdf\u0026Expires=1732701373\u0026Signature=HJIiA7pOaNG50DKpo8sFyWt~ViJaO9xyVf9H7awoRp8LxCEnDVwWUAEnw-LrYVoPAfqzDgohb0Cf0~DDQl9qeN8UPDYT0ZWZxG4ns9jmgICvPnaGIRR9mbjQ54DXBUyYwwsMYO6mPeMLwAdGuIKsgFcz3FIxx5UgE2EiwaM1K6DzRyV7xs0g4932mQ7l26noB7XySUU8N0vBj0to~5i5YCT1IummUDqWT2N2APsKWxG5gLia94UMvHizcpjRv1rD5H6ar6q9JC5m67I5jmLV4Kv2~9HcErWNlSF~M3hluRm7IXoJ8Fyg4T4iFmiBwfXUSbvJZzmtETcK1yxuVC7bXw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Numerical_Simulation_of_Cavitation_Flows_Based_on_Their_Hydrodynamic_Similarity","translated_slug":"","page_count":14,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":66921411,"first_name":"David","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Mason","page_name":"DavidMason51","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-08-02T02:46:31.327-07:00","display_name":"David Mason","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DavidMason51"},"attachments":[{"id":54152914,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152914/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Martynov_paper_1.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152914/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Numerical_Simulation_of_Cavitation_Flows.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54152914/Martynov_paper_1-libre.pdf?1502875708=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DNumerical_Simulation_of_Cavitation_Flows.pdf\u0026Expires=1732701373\u0026Signature=HJIiA7pOaNG50DKpo8sFyWt~ViJaO9xyVf9H7awoRp8LxCEnDVwWUAEnw-LrYVoPAfqzDgohb0Cf0~DDQl9qeN8UPDYT0ZWZxG4ns9jmgICvPnaGIRR9mbjQ54DXBUyYwwsMYO6mPeMLwAdGuIKsgFcz3FIxx5UgE2EiwaM1K6DzRyV7xs0g4932mQ7l26noB7XySUU8N0vBj0to~5i5YCT1IummUDqWT2N2APsKWxG5gLia94UMvHizcpjRv1rD5H6ar6q9JC5m67I5jmLV4Kv2~9HcErWNlSF~M3hluRm7IXoJ8Fyg4T4iFmiBwfXUSbvJZzmtETcK1yxuVC7bXw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering"},{"id":16496,"name":"Fluid Dynamics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fluid_Dynamics"},{"id":30497,"name":"Bubble Dynamics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bubble_Dynamics"},{"id":60147,"name":"Engine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engine"},{"id":60658,"name":"Numerical Simulation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Numerical_Simulation"},{"id":91603,"name":"Computation Fluid Dynamics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computation_Fluid_Dynamics"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="34238874"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238874/A_Numerical_Study_of_Heat_Transfer_Mechanisms_in_Gas_Solids_Flows_Through_Pipes_Using_a_Coupled_CFD_and_DEM_Model"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A Numerical Study of Heat Transfer Mechanisms in Gas–Solids Flows Through Pipes Using a Coupled CFD and DEM Model" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238874/A_Numerical_Study_of_Heat_Transfer_Mechanisms_in_Gas_Solids_Flows_Through_Pipes_Using_a_Coupled_CFD_and_DEM_Model">A Numerical Study of Heat Transfer Mechanisms in Gas–Solids Flows Through Pipes Using a Coupled CFD and DEM Model</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Drying Technology</span><span>, 2003</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">ABSTRACT</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="34238874"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34238874"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238874; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238874]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238874]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238874; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='34238874']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34238874, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=34238874]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":34238874,"title":"A Numerical Study of Heat Transfer Mechanisms in Gas–Solids Flows Through Pipes Using a Coupled CFD and DEM Model","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"ABSTRACT","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2003,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Drying Technology"},"translated_abstract":"ABSTRACT","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34238874/A_Numerical_Study_of_Heat_Transfer_Mechanisms_in_Gas_Solids_Flows_Through_Pipes_Using_a_Coupled_CFD_and_DEM_Model","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-08-16T02:14:36.520-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":66921411,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":30021537,"work_id":34238874,"tagging_user_id":66921411,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":529306,"email":"j***i@monash.edu","display_order":0,"name":"Jian Li","title":"A Numerical Study of Heat Transfer Mechanisms in Gas–Solids Flows Through Pipes Using a Coupled CFD and DEM Model"}],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"A_Numerical_Study_of_Heat_Transfer_Mechanisms_in_Gas_Solids_Flows_Through_Pipes_Using_a_Coupled_CFD_and_DEM_Model","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":66921411,"first_name":"David","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Mason","page_name":"DavidMason51","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-08-02T02:46:31.327-07:00","display_name":"David Mason","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DavidMason51"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering"},{"id":4188,"name":"Drying Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drying_Technology"},{"id":8067,"name":"Heat Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Transfer"},{"id":11016,"name":"Discrete Element Method","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Discrete_Element_Method"},{"id":91603,"name":"Computation Fluid Dynamics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computation_Fluid_Dynamics"},{"id":120698,"name":"Particles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Particles"},{"id":497452,"name":"Numerical Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Numerical_Model"},{"id":875419,"name":"Velocity Profile","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Velocity_Profile"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="34238873"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238873/Drying_of_wet_solid_particles_in_a_steady_state_one_dimensional_flow"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Drying of wet solid particles in a steady-state one-dimensional flow" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152920/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238873/Drying_of_wet_solid_particles_in_a_steady_state_one_dimensional_flow">Drying of wet solid particles in a steady-state one-dimensional flow</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Powder Technology</span><span>, 1998</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">A mathematical model for mass, momentum and heat transfer in a one-dimensional two-phase flow is ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">A mathematical model for mass, momentum and heat transfer in a one-dimensional two-phase flow is presented. This model was applied to the drying process of wet coal particles in a gas flow. The coal particles were assumed to have a wet core and a dry oute crust. The evaporation process of liquid from a particle was assumed to be governed</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="ce21c8b2d9413966e5badaf6d57b5e66" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":54152920,"asset_id":34238873,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152920/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="34238873"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34238873"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238873; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238873]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238873]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238873; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='34238873']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34238873, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "ce21c8b2d9413966e5badaf6d57b5e66" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=34238873]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":34238873,"title":"Drying of wet solid particles in a steady-state one-dimensional flow","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"A mathematical model for mass, momentum and heat transfer in a one-dimensional two-phase flow is presented. This model was applied to the drying process of wet coal particles in a gas flow. The coal particles were assumed to have a wet core and a dry oute crust. The evaporation process of liquid from a particle was assumed to be governed","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":1998,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Powder Technology"},"translated_abstract":"A mathematical model for mass, momentum and heat transfer in a one-dimensional two-phase flow is presented. This model was applied to the drying process of wet coal particles in a gas flow. The coal particles were assumed to have a wet core and a dry oute crust. The evaporation process of liquid from a particle was assumed to be governed","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34238873/Drying_of_wet_solid_particles_in_a_steady_state_one_dimensional_flow","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-08-16T02:14:36.234-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":66921411,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54152920,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152920/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s0032-5910_2897_2903311-120170816-24899-14nyyu3.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152920/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Drying_of_wet_solid_particles_in_a_stead.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54152920/s0032-5910_2897_2903311-120170816-24899-14nyyu3-libre.pdf?1502875709=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDrying_of_wet_solid_particles_in_a_stead.pdf\u0026Expires=1732701373\u0026Signature=QpwptQ6SfmWREtMHwj1Ryxq8wYLDlTY~bEG-p~GyskoXxaklo5JeGVrIDLQTcM6eTFNLKDGI7bINDYWddAVU-DiatqoxiO-lw94d1wal3XagaDPTrJiYD5Xe3Jl4JoUn1xovVgB2r76NFJI23JoNZCOOTczEDM5iR6sl27~WTgSFh6D8R23y9W-dQ8LZeDmlIir0zSgBev3IZAYxxx0a55XkL8iK3-IaMhvk~bKVa5zX6A27-Vu3BjjpfWDTPLBS~ZcS5amZVAjY8GVhHH-NgPFVZkLb8ODz9KXXeB43lo4wRkxriucpEMP-wVw1bt2Ra6UxLtDVW~j3sYDvjZ7Wiw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Drying_of_wet_solid_particles_in_a_steady_state_one_dimensional_flow","translated_slug":"","page_count":9,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":66921411,"first_name":"David","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Mason","page_name":"DavidMason51","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-08-02T02:46:31.327-07:00","display_name":"David Mason","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DavidMason51"},"attachments":[{"id":54152920,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152920/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s0032-5910_2897_2903311-120170816-24899-14nyyu3.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152920/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Drying_of_wet_solid_particles_in_a_stead.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54152920/s0032-5910_2897_2903311-120170816-24899-14nyyu3-libre.pdf?1502875709=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDrying_of_wet_solid_particles_in_a_stead.pdf\u0026Expires=1732701373\u0026Signature=QpwptQ6SfmWREtMHwj1Ryxq8wYLDlTY~bEG-p~GyskoXxaklo5JeGVrIDLQTcM6eTFNLKDGI7bINDYWddAVU-DiatqoxiO-lw94d1wal3XagaDPTrJiYD5Xe3Jl4JoUn1xovVgB2r76NFJI23JoNZCOOTczEDM5iR6sl27~WTgSFh6D8R23y9W-dQ8LZeDmlIir0zSgBev3IZAYxxx0a55XkL8iK3-IaMhvk~bKVa5zX6A27-Vu3BjjpfWDTPLBS~ZcS5amZVAjY8GVhHH-NgPFVZkLb8ODz9KXXeB43lo4wRkxriucpEMP-wVw1bt2Ra6UxLtDVW~j3sYDvjZ7Wiw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering"},{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering"},{"id":2024,"name":"Mass Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mass_Transfer"},{"id":4107,"name":"High Pressure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Pressure"},{"id":5303,"name":"Carbon","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbon"},{"id":8066,"name":"Two Phase Flow","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Two_Phase_Flow"},{"id":8067,"name":"Heat Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Transfer"},{"id":19816,"name":"Intelligent Transport System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligent_Transport_System"},{"id":23020,"name":"Powder technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Powder_technology"},{"id":32149,"name":"Numerical Method","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Numerical_Method"},{"id":60194,"name":"Transport","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transport"},{"id":60658,"name":"Numerical Simulation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Numerical_Simulation"},{"id":129447,"name":"Drying","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drying"},{"id":151091,"name":"Nitrogen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nitrogen"},{"id":181847,"name":"First-Order Logic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/First-Order_Logic"},{"id":201306,"name":"Heat Flux","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Flux"},{"id":234860,"name":"Steady state","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Steady_state"},{"id":291387,"name":"Mathematical Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Model"},{"id":405178,"name":"First Order Logic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/First_Order_Logic"},{"id":477865,"name":"Operant Conditioning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Operant_Conditioning"},{"id":485667,"name":"Moisture Content","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Moisture_Content"},{"id":765146,"name":"Differential equation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_equation"},{"id":897122,"name":"Gas Flow","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gas_Flow"},{"id":2756775,"name":"transport system","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/transport_system"}],"urls":[{"id":8258221,"url":"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0032591097033111"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="34238872"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238872/The_influence_of_bends_on_the_performance_of_pneumatic_conveying_systems"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The influence of bends on the performance of pneumatic conveying systems" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152915/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/34238872/The_influence_of_bends_on_the_performance_of_pneumatic_conveying_systems">The influence of bends on the performance of pneumatic conveying systems</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Advanced Powder Technology</span><span>, 1998</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="850ee29ebb3e683692d6ec2ac92544be" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":54152915,"asset_id":34238872,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152915/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="34238872"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34238872"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238872; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238872]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34238872]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34238872; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='34238872']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34238872, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "850ee29ebb3e683692d6ec2ac92544be" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=34238872]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":34238872,"title":"The influence of bends on the performance of pneumatic conveying systems","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"The performance envelope that can be achieved by a pneumatic conveying system is constrained by the properties of the bulk material being transported and components that comprise the system. This paper examines the influence of pipeline geometry on the performance envelope. The contribution of straight pipe and bends to the overall pressure drop is assessed for both dilute and dense phase flows.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":1998,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Advanced Powder Technology","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":54152915},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34238872/The_influence_of_bends_on_the_performance_of_pneumatic_conveying_systems","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-08-16T02:14:35.951-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":66921411,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":30085416,"work_id":34238872,"tagging_user_id":66921411,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":3188978,"email":"a***y@gcal.ac.uk","display_order":0,"name":"Avi Levy","title":"The influence of bends on the performance of pneumatic conveying systems"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54152915,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152915/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s0921-8831_2808_2960572-520170816-24896-8c69py.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152915/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_influence_of_bends_on_the_performanc.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54152915/s0921-8831_2808_2960572-520170816-24896-8c69py-libre.pdf?1502875703=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_influence_of_bends_on_the_performanc.pdf\u0026Expires=1732701373\u0026Signature=HSYDXB~ARIbU6bhgcY6rbvA1Tw63XCOTl9U6f4lnZYhxGJtlJVyfzzxkthFSxpXhYFA2fuU~qEREdMV0MlPUB2oDAzREd47Bl9v1z~MO8QwqP7rQ6n7xAFXUwM~XcPPQEPzjuT25a~N3m-xUEZeeD1FLLJwYH~~X4kKaWy5LnhotHK~CRbQzG1SxWagIYHwJzJtUXspAsC16I36t-U6uAvdRFQo2HI2ASHos0Ul3Gfs34h6ThD2btj3I06O6NTumDjpbYHpW-f0pDaKExvSGBlYTXU1bv4EF8Se0ynpdPeZktA6Wr-Dg-WcixZxvIwD92GKev~ebzhd6jn1aTWgz8Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_influence_of_bends_on_the_performance_of_pneumatic_conveying_systems","translated_slug":"","page_count":10,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":66921411,"first_name":"David","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Mason","page_name":"DavidMason51","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-08-02T02:46:31.327-07:00","display_name":"David Mason","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DavidMason51"},"attachments":[{"id":54152915,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54152915/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s0921-8831_2808_2960572-520170816-24896-8c69py.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54152915/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_influence_of_bends_on_the_performanc.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54152915/s0921-8831_2808_2960572-520170816-24896-8c69py-libre.pdf?1502875703=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_influence_of_bends_on_the_performanc.pdf\u0026Expires=1732701373\u0026Signature=HSYDXB~ARIbU6bhgcY6rbvA1Tw63XCOTl9U6f4lnZYhxGJtlJVyfzzxkthFSxpXhYFA2fuU~qEREdMV0MlPUB2oDAzREd47Bl9v1z~MO8QwqP7rQ6n7xAFXUwM~XcPPQEPzjuT25a~N3m-xUEZeeD1FLLJwYH~~X4kKaWy5LnhotHK~CRbQzG1SxWagIYHwJzJtUXspAsC16I36t-U6uAvdRFQo2HI2ASHos0Ul3Gfs34h6ThD2btj3I06O6NTumDjpbYHpW-f0pDaKExvSGBlYTXU1bv4EF8Se0ynpdPeZktA6Wr-Dg-WcixZxvIwD92GKev~ebzhd6jn1aTWgz8Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering"},{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering"},{"id":331203,"name":"Pressure Drop","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pressure_Drop"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="31253785"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/31253785/Spark_ignition_and_spark_assisted_controlled_auto_ignition_in_an_optical_gasoline_engine"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Spark ignition and spark-assisted controlled auto-ignition in an optical gasoline engine" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/31253785/Spark_ignition_and_spark_assisted_controlled_auto_ignition_in_an_optical_gasoline_engine">Spark ignition and spark-assisted controlled auto-ignition in an optical gasoline engine</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://brighton.academia.edu/StevenBegg">Steven Begg</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DavidMason51">David Mason</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="31253785"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="31253785"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 31253785; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=31253785]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=31253785]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 31253785; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='31253785']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 31253785, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=31253785]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":31253785,"title":"Spark ignition and spark-assisted controlled auto-ignition in an optical gasoline engine","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publication_date":{"day":3,"month":11,"year":2009,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/31253785/Spark_ignition_and_spark_assisted_controlled_auto_ignition_in_an_optical_gasoline_engine","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-02-06T02:02:51.934-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":59482104,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":27564491,"work_id":31253785,"tagging_user_id":59482104,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":4656016,"email":"m***l@brighton.ac.uk","display_order":0,"name":"Morgan Heikal","title":"Spark ignition and spark-assisted controlled auto-ignition in an optical gasoline engine"},{"id":27564492,"work_id":31253785,"tagging_user_id":59482104,"tagged_user_id":66921411,"co_author_invite_id":4024898,"email":"d***n@brighton.ac.uk","display_order":4194304,"name":"David Mason","title":"Spark ignition and spark-assisted controlled auto-ignition in an optical gasoline engine"}],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Spark_ignition_and_spark_assisted_controlled_auto_ignition_in_an_optical_gasoline_engine","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":59482104,"first_name":"Steven","middle_initials":"","last_name":"Begg","page_name":"StevenBegg","domain_name":"brighton","created_at":"2017-01-31T05:30:16.118-08:00","display_name":"Steven Begg","url":"https://brighton.academia.edu/StevenBegg"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":7930015,"url":"http://eprints.brighton.ac.uk/6352/"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="34075885"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/34075885/Transient_heating_of_a_semitransparent_spherical_body"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Transient heating of a semitransparent spherical body" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54010855/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/34075885/Transient_heating_of_a_semitransparent_spherical_body">Transient heating of a semitransparent spherical body</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SergeiSazhin">Sergei Sazhin</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DavidMason51">David Mason</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>International Journal of Thermal Sciences</span><span>, 2007</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3f4e790dc5d58a0e5c902b70026a761e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":54010855,"asset_id":34075885,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54010855/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="34075885"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34075885"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34075885; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34075885]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34075885]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34075885; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='34075885']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34075885, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "3f4e790dc5d58a0e5c902b70026a761e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=34075885]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":34075885,"title":"Transient heating of a semitransparent spherical body","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"The problem of transient heating of a semitransparent spherical body immersed in a stationary hot gas is investigated, taking into account the effect of thermal radiation. The size of the domain occupied by the gas is assumed to be finite, and the outer boundary of this domain is kept at constant temperature. The initial radial distribution of temperature in the body is taken into account. A modification of Newton's law for body heating is introduced via a correction to either the gas temperature or convection heat transfer coefficient. Explicit expressions for these corrections are obtained for the case of homogeneous initial distribution of temperature and radiation absorption inside the body, and constant radiation temperature. For large Fourier numbers Fo, the correction to gas temperature is expected to be of limited practical importance, as both this correction and the difference between the initial gas temperature and the body surface temperature approach zero (heat transferred from gas to the body becomes negligible). The results are analysed using values of parameters relevant to diesel engines. The values of the corrections to the convection heat transfer coefficient vary from about 0.1 (large domain occupied by gas and Fo = 500) to 2.8 at Fo = 0.1. This means that ignoring these corrections is expected to lead to unacceptably large errors in computations. The total time for body heating is shown to be more than an order of magnitude longer when compared to the heating of this body in a perfectly stirred gas. The effect of thermal radiation on droplet heating is accounted for via the additional corrections of gas temperature or the convection heat transfer coefficient. It is shown that the effects of radiation on the surface heat flux are small for small Fo, but become dominant for large Fo (Fo \u003e 50).","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2007,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"International Journal of Thermal Sciences","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":54010855},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34075885/Transient_heating_of_a_semitransparent_spherical_body","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-30T02:50:41.096-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":66833851,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":29893256,"work_id":34075885,"tagging_user_id":66833851,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":4656016,"email":"m***l@brighton.ac.uk","display_order":0,"name":"M. Heikal","title":"Transient heating of a semitransparent spherical body"},{"id":29893264,"work_id":34075885,"tagging_user_id":66833851,"tagged_user_id":66921411,"co_author_invite_id":4024898,"email":"d***n@brighton.ac.uk","display_order":4194304,"name":"David Mason","title":"Transient heating of a semitransparent spherical body"},{"id":29919600,"work_id":34075885,"tagging_user_id":66833851,"tagged_user_id":23595513,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"e***a@brighton.ac.uk","display_order":6291456,"name":"Elena Sazhina","title":"Transient heating of a semitransparent spherical body"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54010855,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54010855/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"j.ijthermalsci.2006.07.00720170730-2874-1esf0md.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54010855/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Transient_heating_of_a_semitransparent_s.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54010855/j.ijthermalsci.2006.07.00720170730-2874-1esf0md-libre.pdf?1501408633=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTransient_heating_of_a_semitransparent_s.pdf\u0026Expires=1732701373\u0026Signature=WdCM2T~Vy5Su~96d5LnRZw7C5JpAlHKtOmgxv4flAUuJn0thL6UkTBZf~dqo-vqb444fJml-l0ijZZhnt2EAqXbNiV3nCguHHaAdHWUIQLnE82g0uA0etOIkvB5yNkWhYAISPffMq6regah06OC1fv0AKSuW-GKD5rKcAQCj~uo7y0y~B95DuPO202FnLpt0Gff0zlQrgZb8HZCyduu2xvCNe~fm08DygM0oL-tgujyoNgBnO5LUBhPQpXQL~cJJW~zDv9DEpZtoDO2HuLk~F3qh0BiwxbS2s0-e-5kHcSq903pQlWSvfmQyLkNmxmkPztkKtEpHhPL0rsTbHACm5A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Transient_heating_of_a_semitransparent_spherical_body","translated_slug":"","page_count":14,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":66833851,"first_name":"Sergei","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Sazhin","page_name":"SergeiSazhin","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-07-30T02:49:39.945-07:00","display_name":"Sergei Sazhin","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SergeiSazhin"},"attachments":[{"id":54010855,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54010855/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"j.ijthermalsci.2006.07.00720170730-2874-1esf0md.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54010855/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjY5Nzc3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Transient_heating_of_a_semitransparent_s.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54010855/j.ijthermalsci.2006.07.00720170730-2874-1esf0md-libre.pdf?1501408633=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTransient_heating_of_a_semitransparent_s.pdf\u0026Expires=1732701373\u0026Signature=WdCM2T~Vy5Su~96d5LnRZw7C5JpAlHKtOmgxv4flAUuJn0thL6UkTBZf~dqo-vqb444fJml-l0ijZZhnt2EAqXbNiV3nCguHHaAdHWUIQLnE82g0uA0etOIkvB5yNkWhYAISPffMq6regah06OC1fv0AKSuW-GKD5rKcAQCj~uo7y0y~B95DuPO202FnLpt0Gff0zlQrgZb8HZCyduu2xvCNe~fm08DygM0oL-tgujyoNgBnO5LUBhPQpXQL~cJJW~zDv9DEpZtoDO2HuLk~F3qh0BiwxbS2s0-e-5kHcSq903pQlWSvfmQyLkNmxmkPztkKtEpHhPL0rsTbHACm5A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering"},{"id":305,"name":"Applied Mathematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mathematics"},{"id":2025,"name":"Conduction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conduction"},{"id":6177,"name":"Modeling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modeling"},{"id":8067,"name":"Heat Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Transfer"},{"id":119668,"name":"Thermal conduction in Nanomaterials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_conduction_in_Nanomaterials"},{"id":133294,"name":"Land Surface Temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Land_Surface_Temperature"},{"id":171623,"name":"Droplets","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Droplets"},{"id":176526,"name":"Droplet","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Droplet"},{"id":187812,"name":"Thermal Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Sciences"},{"id":201306,"name":"Heat Flux","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Flux"},{"id":281159,"name":"Diesel engine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diesel_engine"},{"id":486072,"name":"Thermal Radiation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Radiation"},{"id":542983,"name":"Heating","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heating"},{"id":554780,"name":"Interdisciplinary Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interdisciplinary_Engineering"},{"id":661889,"name":"Convective Heat Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Convective_Heat_Transfer"},{"id":1204430,"name":"European Regional Development Fund’","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Regional_Development_Fund"},{"id":2219447,"name":"Heat Radiation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Radiation"},{"id":2579578,"name":"surface temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/surface_temperature"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/google_contacts-0dfb882d836b94dbcb4a2d123d6933fc9533eda5be911641f20b4eb428429600.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb $('.js-google-connect-button').click(function(e) { e.preventDefault(); GoogleContacts.authorize_and_show_contacts(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordClickthrough("WowProfileImportContactsPrompt"); }); $('.js-update-biography-button').click(function(e) { e.preventDefault(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordClickthrough("UpdateUserBiographyPrompt"); $.ajax({ url: $r.api_v0_profiles_update_about_path({ subdomain_param: 'api', about: "", }), type: 'PUT', success: function(response) { location.reload(); } }); }); $('.js-work-creator-button').click(function (e) { e.preventDefault(); window.location = $r.upload_funnel_document_path({ source: encodeURIComponent(""), }); }); $('.js-video-upload-button').click(function (e) { e.preventDefault(); window.location = $r.upload_funnel_video_path({ source: encodeURIComponent(""), }); }); $('.js-do-this-later-button').click(function() { $(this).closest('.js-profile-nag-panel').remove(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordDismissal("WowProfileImportContactsPrompt"); }); $('.js-update-biography-do-this-later-button').click(function(){ $(this).closest('.js-profile-nag-panel').remove(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordDismissal("UpdateUserBiographyPrompt"); }); $('.wow-profile-mentions-upsell--close').click(function(){ $('.wow-profile-mentions-upsell--panel').hide(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordDismissal("WowProfileMentionsUpsell"); }); $('.wow-profile-mentions-upsell--button').click(function(){ Aedu.Dismissibles.recordClickthrough("WowProfileMentionsUpsell"); }); new WowProfile.SocialRedesignUserWorks({ initialWorksOffset: 20, allWorksOffset: 20, maxSections: 1 }) }); </script> </div></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile_edit-5ea339ee107c863779f560dd7275595239fed73f1a13d279d2b599a28c0ecd33.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/add_coauthor-22174b608f9cb871d03443cafa7feac496fb50d7df2d66a53f5ee3c04ba67f53.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/tab-dcac0130902f0cc2d8cb403714dd47454f11fc6fb0e99ae6a0827b06613abc20.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb window.ae = window.ae || {}; window.ae.WowProfile = window.ae.WowProfile || {}; if(Aedu.User.current && Aedu.User.current.id === $viewedUser.id) { window.ae.WowProfile.current_user_edit = {}; new WowProfileEdit.EditUploadView({ el: '.js-edit-upload-button-wrapper', model: window.$current_user, }); new AddCoauthor.AddCoauthorsController(); } var userInfoView = new WowProfile.SocialRedesignUserInfo({ recaptcha_key: "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB" }); WowProfile.router = new WowProfile.Router({ userInfoView: userInfoView }); Backbone.history.start({ pushState: true, root: "/" + $viewedUser.page_name }); new WowProfile.UserWorksNav() }); </script> </div> <div class="bootstrap login"><div class="modal fade login-modal" id="login-modal"><div class="login-modal-dialog modal-dialog"><div class="modal-content"><div class="modal-header"><button class="close close" data-dismiss="modal" type="button"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span><span class="sr-only">Close</span></button><h4 class="modal-title text-center"><strong>Log In</strong></h4></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><button class="btn btn-fb btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-facebook-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 19px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="facebook-square" class="svg-inline--fa fa-facebook-square fa-w-14" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M400 32H48A48 48 0 0 0 0 80v352a48 48 0 0 0 48 48h137.25V327.69h-63V256h63v-54.64c0-62.15 37-96.48 93.67-96.48 27.14 0 55.52 4.84 55.52 4.84v61h-31.27c-30.81 0-40.42 19.12-40.42 38.73V256h68.78l-11 71.69h-57.78V480H400a48 48 0 0 0 48-48V80a48 48 0 0 0-48-48z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Facebook</strong></small></button><br /><button class="btn btn-google btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-google-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 22px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="google-plus" class="svg-inline--fa fa-google-plus fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M256,8C119.1,8,8,119.1,8,256S119.1,504,256,504,504,392.9,504,256,392.9,8,256,8ZM185.3,380a124,124,0,0,1,0-248c31.3,0,60.1,11,83,32.3l-33.6,32.6c-13.2-12.9-31.3-19.1-49.4-19.1-42.9,0-77.2,35.5-77.2,78.1S142.3,334,185.3,334c32.6,0,64.9-19.1,70.1-53.3H185.3V238.1H302.2a109.2,109.2,0,0,1,1.9,20.7c0,70.8-47.5,121.2-118.8,121.2ZM415.5,273.8v35.5H380V273.8H344.5V238.3H380V202.8h35.5v35.5h35.2v35.5Z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Google</strong></small></button><br /><style type="text/css">.sign-in-with-apple-button { width: 100%; height: 52px; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid black; cursor: pointer; }</style><script src="https://appleid.cdn-apple.com/appleauth/static/jsapi/appleid/1/en_US/appleid.auth.js" type="text/javascript"></script><div class="sign-in-with-apple-button" data-border="false" data-color="white" id="appleid-signin"><span   ="Sign Up with Apple" class="u-fs11"></span></div><script>AppleID.auth.init({ clientId: 'edu.academia.applesignon', scope: 'name email', redirectURI: 'https://www.academia.edu/sessions', state: "676936dc1893126c2cb0a4a003612336cb7fd6e84085de08a1c9a874d389ddd6", });</script><script>// Hacky way of checking if on fast loswp if (window.loswp == null) { (function() { const Google = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Google; const Facebook = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Facebook; if (Google) { new Google({ el: '#login-google-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } if (Facebook) { new Facebook({ el: '#login-facebook-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } })(); }</script></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><div class="hr-heading login-hr-heading"><span class="hr-heading-text">or</span></div></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><form class="js-login-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/sessions" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="✓" autocomplete="off" /><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="d210YLTWxJNMCsxVb54eaJxQm30SCr8PCl9+bCZOYuML3pQ4uYLoUTSDyA28vUafEPXnZKylw3P0S8P8fiwxSQ==" autocomplete="off" /><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-email-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Email</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-email-input" name="login" type="email" /></div><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-password-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Password</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-password-input" name="password" type="password" /></div><input type="hidden" name="post_login_redirect_url" id="post_login_redirect_url" value="https://independent.academia.edu/DavidMason51" autocomplete="off" /><div class="checkbox"><label><input type="checkbox" name="remember_me" id="remember_me" value="1" checked="checked" /><small style="font-size: 12px; margin-top: 2px; display: inline-block;">Remember me on this computer</small></label></div><br><input type="submit" name="commit" value="Log In" class="btn btn-primary btn-block btn-lg js-login-submit" data-disable-with="Log In" /></br></form><script>typeof window?.Aedu?.recaptchaManagedForm === 'function' && window.Aedu.recaptchaManagedForm( document.querySelector('.js-login-form'), document.querySelector('.js-login-submit') );</script><small style="font-size: 12px;"><br />or <a data-target="#login-modal-reset-password-container" data-toggle="collapse" href="javascript:void(0)">reset password</a></small><div class="collapse" id="login-modal-reset-password-container"><br /><div class="well margin-0x"><form class="js-password-reset-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/reset_password" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="✓" autocomplete="off" /><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="eU99TEKZ4uy3fHJSCNDirA65pv9hxxKp/mjC0FqSkF8F/J0UT83OLs/1dgrb87pbghza5t9obtUAfH9AAvDD9Q==" autocomplete="off" /><p>Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link.</p><div class="form-group"><input class="form-control" name="email" type="email" /></div><script src="https://recaptcha.net/recaptcha/api.js" async defer></script> <script> var invisibleRecaptchaSubmit = function () { var closestForm = function (ele) { var curEle = ele.parentNode; while (curEle.nodeName !== 'FORM' && curEle.nodeName !== 'BODY'){ curEle = curEle.parentNode; } return curEle.nodeName === 'FORM' ? curEle : null }; var eles = document.getElementsByClassName('g-recaptcha'); if (eles.length > 0) { var form = closestForm(eles[0]); if (form) { form.submit(); } } }; </script> <input type="submit" data-sitekey="6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj" data-callback="invisibleRecaptchaSubmit" class="g-recaptcha btn btn-primary btn-block" value="Email me a link" value=""/> </form></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/collapse-45805421cf446ca5adf7aaa1935b08a3a8d1d9a6cc5d91a62a2a3a00b20b3e6a.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb $("#login-modal-reset-password-container").on("shown.bs.collapse", function() { $(this).find("input[type=email]").focus(); }); }); </script> </div></div></div><div class="modal-footer"><div class="text-center"><small style="font-size: 12px;">Need an account? <a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Click here to sign up</a></small></div></div></div></div></div></div><script>// If we are on subdomain or non-bootstrapped page, redirect to login page instead of showing modal (function(){ if (typeof $ === 'undefined') return; var host = window.location.hostname; if ((host === $domain || host === "www."+$domain) && (typeof $().modal === 'function')) { $("#nav_log_in").click(function(e) { // Don't follow the link and open the modal e.preventDefault(); $("#login-modal").on('shown.bs.modal', function() { $(this).find("#login-modal-email-input").focus() }).modal('show'); }); } })()</script> <div class="bootstrap" id="footer"><div class="footer-content clearfix text-center padding-top-7x" style="width:100%;"><ul class="footer-links-secondary footer-links-wide list-inline margin-bottom-1x"><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://medium.com/academia">Blog</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/topics">Topics</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/journals">Academia.edu Journals</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><svg style="width: 13px; height: 13px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="briefcase" class="svg-inline--fa fa-briefcase fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M320 336c0 8.84-7.16 16-16 16h-96c-8.84 0-16-7.16-16-16v-48H0v144c0 25.6 22.4 48 48 48h416c25.6 0 48-22.4 48-48V288H320v48zm144-208h-80V80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48H176c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v48H48c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v80h512v-80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48zm-144 0H192V96h128v32z"></path></svg> <strong>We're Hiring!</strong></a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://support.academia.edu/"><svg style="width: 12px; height: 12px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="question-circle" class="svg-inline--fa fa-question-circle fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M504 256c0 136.997-111.043 248-248 248S8 392.997 8 256C8 119.083 119.043 8 256 8s248 111.083 248 248zM262.655 90c-54.497 0-89.255 22.957-116.549 63.758-3.536 5.286-2.353 12.415 2.715 16.258l34.699 26.31c5.205 3.947 12.621 3.008 16.665-2.122 17.864-22.658 30.113-35.797 57.303-35.797 20.429 0 45.698 13.148 45.698 32.958 0 14.976-12.363 22.667-32.534 33.976C247.128 238.528 216 254.941 216 296v4c0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12h56c6.627 0 12-5.373 12-12v-1.333c0-28.462 83.186-29.647 83.186-106.667 0-58.002-60.165-102-116.531-102zM256 338c-25.365 0-46 20.635-46 46 0 25.364 20.635 46 46 46s46-20.636 46-46c0-25.365-20.635-46-46-46z"></path></svg> <strong>Help Center</strong></a></li></ul><ul class="footer-links-tertiary list-inline margin-bottom-1x"><li class="small">Find new research papers in:</li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics">Physics</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry">Chemistry</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Sciences">Health Sciences</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology">Ecology</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Earth_Sciences">Earth Sciences</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science">Cognitive Science</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics">Mathematics</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science">Computer Science</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="DesignSystem" id="credit" style="width:100%;"><ul class="u-pl0x footer-links-legal list-inline"><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li>Academia ©2024</li></ul></div><script> //<![CDATA[ window.detect_gmtoffset = true; window.Academia && window.Academia.set_gmtoffset && Academia.set_gmtoffset('/gmtoffset'); //]]> </script> <div id='overlay_background'></div> <div id='bootstrap-modal-container' class='bootstrap'></div> <div id='ds-modal-container' class='bootstrap DesignSystem'></div> <div id='full-screen-modal'></div> </div> </body> </html>