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Disponibile in 24 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-24" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">24 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%85" title="نظرية التصادم - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نظرية التصادم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teoria_de_les_col%C2%B7lisions" title="Teoria de les col·lisions - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Teoria de les col·lisions" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%AF%DB%86%D8%B2%DB%8C_%D8%A8%DB%95%DB%8C%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%AF%D8%A7%DA%A9%DB%95%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%86" title="بیردۆزی بەیەکداکەوتن - curdo centrale" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="بیردۆزی بەیەکداکەوتن" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="curdo centrale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teorie_aktivn%C3%ADch_sr%C3%A1%C5%BEek" title="Teorie aktivních srážek - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Teorie aktivních srážek" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sto%C3%9Ftheorie" title="Stoßtheorie - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Stoßtheorie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collision_theory" title="Collision theory - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Collision theory" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teor%C3%ADa_de_las_colisiones" title="Teoría de las colisiones - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Teoría de las colisiones" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aktiivsete_p%C3%B5rgete_teooria" title="Aktiivsete põrgete teooria - estone" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Aktiivsete põrgete teooria" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talken_teoria" title="Talken teoria - basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Talken teoria" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%87_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="نظریه برخورد - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نظریه برخورد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B6rm%C3%A4ysteoria" title="Törmäysteoria - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Törmäysteoria" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%A9orie_des_collisions" title="Théorie des collisions - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Théorie des collisions" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%92%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA" title="תאוריית ההתנגשויות המולקולריות - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תאוריית ההתנגשויות המולקולריות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teyori_kolizyon" title="Teyori kolizyon - creolo haitiano" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Teyori kolizyon" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="creolo haitiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teori_tumbukan" title="Teori tumbukan - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Teori tumbukan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B6%A9%EB%8F%8C%EB%AA%A8%ED%98%95" title="충돌모형 - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="충돌모형" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5" title="Теорија за судирите - macedone" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Теорија за судирите" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedone" 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title="Velocità di reazione">Velocità di reazione</a></b> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: left; font-size:90%"> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Teoria delle collisioni</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: left; font-size:90%"> <td><a href="/wiki/Reazione_elementare" title="Reazione elementare">Reazione elementare</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: left; font-size:90%"> <td><a href="/wiki/Molecolarit%C3%A0" title="Molecolarità">Molecolarità</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: left; font-size:90%"> <td><a href="/wiki/Equazione_cinetica" title="Equazione cinetica">Equazione cinetica</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: left; font-size:90%"> <td><a href="/wiki/Ordine_di_reazione" title="Ordine di reazione">Ordine di reazione</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: left; font-size:90%"> <td><a href="/wiki/Costante_di_velocit%C3%A0" title="Costante di velocità">Costante di velocità</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: left; font-size:90%"> <td><a href="/wiki/Equazione_di_Arrhenius" title="Equazione di Arrhenius">Equazione di Arrhenius</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: left; font-size:90%"> <td><a href="/wiki/Equazione_di_Eyring" title="Equazione di Eyring">Equazione di Eyring</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: left; font-size:90%"> <td><a href="/wiki/Teoria_dello_stato_di_transizione" title="Teoria dello stato di transizione">Teoria dello stato di transizione</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: left; font-size:90%"> <td><a href="/wiki/Stato_di_transizione" title="Stato di transizione">Stato di transizione</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: left; font-size:90%"> <td><a href="/wiki/Meccanismo_di_reazione" title="Meccanismo di reazione">Meccanismo di reazione</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: left; font-size:90%"> <td><a href="/wiki/Energia_di_attivazione" title="Energia di attivazione">Energia di attivazione</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: left; font-size:90%"> <td><a href="/wiki/Approssimazione_dello_stato_stazionario" title="Approssimazione dello stato stazionario">Approssimazione dello stato stazionario</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: left; font-size:90%"> <td><a href="/wiki/Effetto_isotopico_cinetico" title="Effetto isotopico cinetico">Effetto isotopico cinetico</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; background-color: #eeeeee;"><b><a href="/wiki/Catalisi" title="Catalisi">Catalisi</a></b> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: left; font-size:90%"> <td><a href="/wiki/Catalizzatore" title="Catalizzatore">Catalizzatore</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: left; font-size:90%"> <td><a href="/wiki/Catalisi_omogenea" title="Catalisi omogenea">Catalisi omogenea</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: left; font-size:90%"> <td><a href="/wiki/Catalisi_eterogenea" title="Catalisi eterogenea">Catalisi eterogenea</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: left; font-size:90%"> <td><a href="/wiki/Catalisi_per_trasferimento_di_fase" title="Catalisi per trasferimento di fase">Catalisi per trasferimento di fase</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: left; font-size:90%"> <td><a href="/wiki/Catalisi_enzimatica" title="Catalisi enzimatica">Catalisi enzimatica</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: left; font-size:90%"> <td><a href="/wiki/Fotocatalisi" title="Fotocatalisi">Fotocatalisi</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: left; font-size:90%"> <td><a href="/wiki/Autocatalisi" title="Autocatalisi">Autocatalisi</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: left; font-size:90%"> <td><a href="/wiki/Attivit%C3%A0_catalitica" title="Attività catalitica">Attività catalitica</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: left; font-size:90%"> <td><a href="/wiki/Sito_attivo" title="Sito attivo">Sito attivo</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: left; font-size:90%"> <td><a href="/wiki/Supporto_catalitico" title="Supporto catalitico">Supporto catalitico</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: left; font-size:90%"> <td><a href="/wiki/Disattivazione_dei_catalizzatori" title="Disattivazione dei catalizzatori">Disattivazione dei catalizzatori</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; background-color: #dddddd; font-size:90%"><i><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Cinetica_chimica" title="Categoria:Cinetica chimica">Categoria:Cinetica chimica</a></i> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>La <b>teoria delle collisioni</b> o <b>teoria degli urti</b> è una <a href="/wiki/Teoria_scientifica" class="mw-redirect" title="Teoria scientifica">teoria</a> proposta da <a href="/w/index.php?title=Max_Trautz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Max Trautz (la pagina non esiste)">Max Trautz</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Lewis_(chimico)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Lewis (chimico) (la pagina non esiste)">William Lewis</a> nel <a href="/wiki/1916" title="1916">1916</a> che spiega quantitativamente come avvengono le <a href="/wiki/Reazione_chimica" title="Reazione chimica">reazioni chimiche</a> e perché le <a href="/wiki/Velocit%C3%A0_di_reazione" title="Velocità di reazione">velocità di reazione</a> sono diverse da reazione a reazione. La teoria assume che affinché una reazione chimica abbia luogo e i reagenti si trasformino nei prodotti, le <a href="/wiki/Molecola" title="Molecola">molecole</a> (o altre particelle reattive) dei reagenti devono <a href="/wiki/Collisione" class="mw-redirect" title="Collisione">collidere</a>; in particolare, per provocare un urto efficace, devono farlo con un appropriato orientamento e con una sufficiente <a href="/wiki/Energia" title="Energia">energia</a>, detta <a href="/wiki/Energia_di_attivazione" title="Energia di attivazione">energia di attivazione</a>. </p><p>Di tutte le collisioni che avvengono, solo una frazione risulterà quindi essere utile per provocare l'avanzamento della reazione chimica. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Costante_di_velocità"><span id="Costante_di_velocit.C3.A0"></span>Costante di velocità</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teoria_delle_collisioni&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Costante di velocità" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teoria_delle_collisioni&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Costante di velocità"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Molecular-collisions.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Molecular-collisions.jpg/220px-Molecular-collisions.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Molecular-collisions.jpg/330px-Molecular-collisions.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Molecular-collisions.jpg/440px-Molecular-collisions.jpg 2x" data-file-width="731" data-file-height="243" /></a><figcaption>La <a href="/wiki/Velocit%C3%A0_di_reazione" title="Velocità di reazione">velocità di reazione</a> tende ad aumentare con il fenomeno di <a href="/wiki/Concentrazione_(chimica)" title="Concentrazione (chimica)">concentrazione</a> spiegato dalla teoria delle collisioni.</figcaption></figure> <p>La <a href="/wiki/Costante_di_velocit%C3%A0" title="Costante di velocità">costante di velocità</a> di una reazione <a href="/wiki/Ordine_di_reazione" title="Ordine di reazione">bimolecolare</a> tra due <a href="/wiki/Gas" title="Gas">gas</a>, secondo il modello previsto dalla teoria delle collisioni è </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle k(T)=Z\rho \mathrm {e} ^{\frac {-\Delta E^{\ddagger }}{RT}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>k</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>T</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mi>Z</mi> <mi>ρ</mi> <msup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mo>−</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <msup> <mi>E</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>‡</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>R</mi> <mi>T</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle k(T)=Z\rho \mathrm {e} ^{\frac {-\Delta E^{\ddagger }}{RT}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/2892504cb35701f82b2681c0004e43de196834f0" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:16.644ex; height:4.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle k(T)=Z\rho \mathrm {e} ^{\frac {-\Delta E^{\ddagger }}{RT}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>in cui la temperatura viene espressa in unità di energia (per esempio, il valore in <a href="/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin">kelvin</a> deve essere moltiplicato per il valore della <a href="/wiki/Costante_di_Boltzmann" title="Costante di Boltzmann">costante di Boltzmann</a> in J/K): </p> <ul><li><i>Z</i> è la frequenza delle collisioni, ovvero il numero di collisioni tra molecole nell'unità di tempo</li> <li><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \rho }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>ρ</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \rho }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/1f7d439671d1289b6a816e6af7a304be40608d64" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:1.202ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \rho }"></span> è il <a href="/wiki/Fattore_sterico" title="Fattore sterico">fattore sterico</a></li> <li>Δ<i>E</i><sup>‡</sup> è l'energia di attivazione della reazione</li> <li><i>T</i> è la temperatura</li> <li><i>R</i> è la <a href="/wiki/Costante_universale_dei_gas" class="mw-redirect" title="Costante universale dei gas">costante universale dei gas</a>.</li></ul> <p>La frequenza delle collisioni è a sua volta data da: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle Z=N_{A}\sigma _{AB}{\sqrt {\frac {8T}{\pi \mu _{AB}}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>Z</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>N</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>A</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>σ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>A</mi> <mi>B</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msqrt> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>8</mn> <mi>T</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>π</mi> <msub> <mi>μ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>A</mi> <mi>B</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> </msqrt> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle Z=N_{A}\sigma _{AB}{\sqrt {\frac {8T}{\pi \mu _{AB}}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/84a8373e411cc051be6d7b6e5310dd189c0a2b15" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -3.338ex; width:20.755ex; height:7.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle Z=N_{A}\sigma _{AB}{\sqrt {\frac {8T}{\pi \mu _{AB}}}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>anche qui la temperatura viene misurata in unità di energia: </p> <ul><li><i>N<sub>A</sub></i> è il <a href="/wiki/Numero_di_Avogadro" class="mw-redirect" title="Numero di Avogadro">numero di Avogadro</a></li> <li><i>σ<sub>AB</sub></i> è la <a href="/wiki/Sezione_d%27urto" title="Sezione d'urto">sezione d'urto</a></li> <li><i>μ<sub>AB</sub></i> è la <a href="/wiki/Massa_ridotta" title="Massa ridotta">massa ridotta</a> dei reagenti.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teoria_delle_collisioni&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teoria_delle_collisioni&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliografia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>P. Atkins, J. De Paula, <i>"Physical Chemistry"</i>, Oxford University Press, 2006 (ottava ed.), <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/9780198700722" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 9780198700722</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teoria_delle_collisioni&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teoria_delle_collisioni&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Molecolarit%C3%A0" title="Molecolarità">Molecolarità</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teoria_dello_stato_di_transizione" title="Teoria dello stato di transizione">Teoria dello stato di transizione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diametro_di_collisione" title="Diametro di collisione">Diametro di collisione</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teoria_delle_collisioni&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teoria_delle_collisioni&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://goldbook.iupac.org/C01170.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">IUPAC Gold Book, "collision theory"</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">goldbook.iupac.org</span>.</cite></li></ul> <div class="noprint" style="width:100%; padding: 3px 0; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; row-gap: 4px; column-gap: 8px; box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="flex-grow: 1"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140555418">.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{width:100%;line-height:25px;border:1px solid #CCF;background-color:#F0EEFF;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#FAFAFA}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{background-color:#202122;border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#282929}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{background-color:#202122;border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#282929}}</style><div class="itwiki-template-occhiello"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gnome-applications-science.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chimica"><img alt=" " src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Gnome-applications-science.svg/25px-Gnome-applications-science.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Gnome-applications-science.svg/38px-Gnome-applications-science.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Gnome-applications-science.svg/50px-Gnome-applications-science.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Portale:Chimica" title="Portale:Chimica">Portale Chimica</a></b>: il portale della scienza della composizione, delle proprietà e delle trasformazioni della materia</div></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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