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Language status is 5 (developing).<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Ethnologue |url=https://www.ethnologue.com/language/sbl}}{{Subscription required}}</ref> ==Varieties== The Ayta people of sitio Villar, [[Botolan, Zambales|Botolan]], and sitio Kakilingan, Santa Fe, [[Cabangan, Zambales|Cabangan]] also speak a Botolan dialect with some unique lexical items.<ref name="Himes2012">{{Cite journal |last=Himes |first=Ronald S. |date=2012 |title=The Central Luzon Group of Languages |journal=Oceanic Linguistics |volume=51 |issue=2 |pages=490–537|jstor=23321866 |doi=10.1353/ol.2012.0013 }}</ref> [[Ethnologue]] reports Ayta Hambali (Hambali Botolan), Sambali Botolan as dialects of Sambal Botolan. Among themselves, Ayta Hambali reportedly use some words that are similar to [[Mag-Anchi|Ayta, Mag-Anchi]].<ref name=":0" /> ==Phonology== Botolan has 20 [[phoneme]]s: 16 [[consonant]]s and four [[vowel]]s. Syllable structure is relatively simple. Each syllable contains at least a consonant and a vowel.{{citation needed|date=October 2015}} ===Vowels=== Botolan has four vowels. They are: */a/ an [[open central unrounded vowel]] similar to [[North American English|English]] ''f'''a'''ther'' */e/ a [[close-mid front unrounded vowel]] similar to [[German language|German]] {{Lang|de|'''E'''lefant}} */i/ a [[close front unrounded vowel]] similar to English ''mach'''i'''ne'' */u/ (written as ‘o’) a [[Close back rounded vowel|close back unrounded vowel]] similar to English ''fl'''u'''te'' There are five main [[diphthong]]s: {{IPA|/aɪ/}}, {{IPA|/uɪ/}}, {{IPA|/aʊ/}}, /ij/, and {{IPA|/iʊ/}}. ===Consonants=== Below is a chart of Botolan consonants. All the stops are unaspirated. The [[velar nasal]] occurs in all positions including at the beginning of a word. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" !colspan=2| ![[Bilabial consonant|Bilabial]] ![[Dental consonant|Dental]] ![[Palatal consonant|Palatal]] ![[Velar consonant|Velar]] ![[Glottal consonant|Glottal]] |- ! colspan=2 | [[Nasal stop|Nasals]] |{{IPA link|m}} |{{IPA link|n}} |{{IPA link|ɲ}} {{grapheme|ny}} |{{IPA link|ŋ}} {{grapheme|ng}} | |- !rowspan=2 | [[Plosives]]/<br>[[Affricates]] !{{small|voiceless}} |{{IPA link|p}} |{{IPA link|t}} |{{IPA link|tʃ}} {{grapheme|ts, ty}} |{{IPA link|k}} |{{IPA link|ʔ}} - |- !{{small|voiced}} |{{IPA link|b}} |{{IPA link|d}} |{{IPA link|dʒ}} {{grapheme|dy}} |{{IPA link|g}} | |- ! colspan=2 | [[Fricatives]] | |{{IPA link|s}} |{{IPA link|ʃ}} {{grapheme|sy}} | |{{IPA link|h}} |- ! colspan=2 | [[Lateral consonant|Laterals]] | |{{IPA link|l}} |{{IPA|lj}} {{grapheme|ly}} | | |- ! colspan=2 | [[Flap consonant|Flaps]] | |{{IPA link|r}} | | | |- ! colspan=2 | [[Semivowel]]s |{{IPA link|w}} | |{{IPA link|j}} | | |} Note: Consonants {{IPA|/d/}} and {{IPA|/ɾ/}} can sometimes interchange as they were once allophones. ===Stress=== Stress is phonemic in Botolan. Word stress is very important; it differentiates [[homonym]]s, e.g. {{Lang|sbl|hikó}} ('I') and {{Lang|sbl|híko}} ('elbow'). ===Historical sound changes=== Many words pronounced with {{IPA|/s/}} and {{IPA|/ɡ/}} in [[Tagalog language|Tagalog]] have {{IPA|/h/}} and {{IPA|/j/}}, respectively, in their cognates in Botolan. Compare {{Lang|sbl|hiko}} and {{Lang|sbl|bayo}} with the Tagalog {{Lang|tl|siko}} and {{Lang|tl|bago}}. ==Sample texts== ===The Lord's Prayer=== ====Version from Matthew==== {{Poem quote|text={{Lang|sbl|Tatay nawen ya anti ha katatag-ayan, Hay ngalan mo ay igalang dayi nin kaganawan. Andawaten nawen ya tampol kayna dayin mag-arí. Mangyari dayi ya kalabayan mo bayri ha babon lotá Bilang ombayro ha katatag-ayan. Hapa-eg ay biyan mo kayin pamamangan ya angka-ilanganen nawen. Patawaren mo kayi ha kawkasalanan nawen bilang pamatawad nawen ha nakapagkasalanan konnawen. Agmo kayi biyan ma-irap ya pagsobok boy ipakarayó mo kayi koni Satanas.}}<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.christusrex.org/www1/pater/JPN-sambal-botolan.html |title=Botolan Sambal |access-date=2007-09-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929140636/http://www.christusrex.org/www1/pater/JPN-sambal-botolan.html# |archive-date=2007-09-29 |url-status=dead }}</ref>}} ===Philippine national proverb=== Below is a translation in Botolan of the Philippine national proverb<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://iloko.tripod.com/philproverb.html |title=National Philippine Proverb in Various Philippine Languages |website=Carl Rubino's homepage}}</ref> "He who does not acknowledge his beginnings will not reach his destination," followed by the original in [[Tagalog language|Tagalog]]. *Botolan: {{Lang|sbl|Hay ahe tanda nin nanlek ha pinangibatan, ay ahe makalateng ha lalakwen.}} *Tagalog: {{Lang|tl|Ang hindi marunong lumingon sa pinanggalingan ay hindi makararating sa paroroonan.}} ==See also== *[[Languages of the Philippines]] ==References== {{reflist}} *{{cite book |last1=Antworth |first1=Evan L. |title=Grammatical Sketch of Botolan Sambal |date=1979 |publisher=Linguistic Society of the Philippines |location=Manila |url=https://www.sil.org/resources/archives/26078 |language=en}} ==External links== *[http://iloko.tripod.com/BotolanSambal.htm Grammar sketch of Botolan found on Carl Rubino's homepage] *[http://globalrecordings.net/program/C08310 Sample recordings from the GRN Network], in Botolan *[http://www.seghea.com/pat/bible/bsambal.html Hay Halita nin Diyos], Bible verses in Botolan {{Central Luzon languages}} {{Philippine languages}} {{Sambalic languages}} {{Languages of the Philippines}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Botolan Language}} [[Category:Sambalic languages]] [[Category:Languages of Zambales]] </textarea><div class="templatesUsed"><div class="mw-templatesUsedExplanation"><p><span id="templatesused">Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page<span 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