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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Zaloguj się</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Strony dla anonimowych edytorów <a href="/wiki/Pomoc:Pierwsze_kroki" aria-label="Dowiedz się więcej na temat edytowania"><span>dowiedz się więcej</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:M%C3%B3j_wk%C5%82ad" title="Lista edycji wykonanych z tego adresu IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Edycje</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Moja_dyskusja" title="Dyskusja użytkownika dla tego adresu IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Dyskusja</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Witryna"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Spis treści" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Spis treści</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">przypnij</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ukryj</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Początek</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Życiorys" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Życiorys"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Życiorys</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Życiorys-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Przełącz podsekcję Życiorys</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Życiorys-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Panowanie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Panowanie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Panowanie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Panowanie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Przypisy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Przypisy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Przypisy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Przypisy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Spis treści" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Spis treści" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Przełącz stan spisu treści" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Przełącz stan spisu treści</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Munja</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Przejdź do artykułu w innym języku. Treść dostępna w 18 językach" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-18" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">18 języków</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%BBn-chu-b%C3%AAng-%C3%B4ng" title="Bûn-chu-bêng-ông – minnański" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Bûn-chu-bêng-ông" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munjamyeong_of_Goguryeo" title="Munjamyeong of Goguryeo – angielski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Munjamyeong of Goguryeo" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angielski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munjamyeong_de_Goguryeo" title="Munjamyeong de Goguryeo – hiszpański" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Munjamyeong de Goguryeo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hiszpański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%DA%AF" title="مونجامیونگ – perski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مونجامیونگ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AC%B8%EC%9E%90%EB%AA%85%EC%99%95" title="문자명왕 – koreański" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="문자명왕" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munjamyeong_dari_Goguryeo" title="Munjamyeong dari Goguryeo – indonezyjski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Munjamyeong dari Goguryeo" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munjamyeong_wa_Goguryeo" title="Munjamyeong wa Goguryeo – suahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Munjamyeong wa Goguryeo" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mundzsa_kogurj%C3%B3i_kir%C3%A1ly" title="Mundzsa kogurjói király – węgierski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Mundzsa kogurjói király" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="węgierski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munjamyeong" title="Munjamyeong – niderlandzki" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Munjamyeong" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="niderlandzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%92%A8%E6%98%8E%E7%8E%8B" title="文咨明王 – japoński" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="文咨明王" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munjamyeong_av_Goguryeo" title="Munjamyeong av Goguryeo – norweski (bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Munjamyeong av Goguryeo" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norweski (bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%DB%86%D9%86%DA%AF%DB%8C_%DA%AF%DB%86%DA%AF%DB%86%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%86" title="مونجامیۆنگی گۆگۆریۆ – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="مونجامیۆنگی گۆگۆریۆ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munjamyeong_od_Goguryeoa" title="Munjamyeong od Goguryeoa – serbsko-chorwacki" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Munjamyeong od Goguryeoa" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbsko-chorwacki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%88%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87" title="พระเจ้ามุนจามย็อง – tajski" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พระเจ้ามุนจามย็อง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8C%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Мунджамьон – ukraiński" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мунджамьон" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C4%83n_T%C6%B0_Minh_V%C6%B0%C6%A1ng" title="Văn Tư Minh Vương – wietnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Văn Tư Minh Vương" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="wietnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%92%A8%E6%98%8E%E7%8E%8B" title="文咨明王 – chiński klasyczny" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="文咨明王" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="chiński klasyczny" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%92%A8%E7%8E%8B" title="文咨王 – chiński" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="文咨王" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q498827#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edytuj linki pomiędzy wersjami językowymi" class="wbc-editpage">Edytuj linki</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Przestrzenie nazw"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Munja" title="Zobacz stronę treści [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artykuł</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dyskusja:Munja&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Dyskusja o zawartości tej strony (strona nie istnieje) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Dyskusja</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Zmień wariant języka" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">polski</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Widok"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Munja"><span>Czytaj</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munja&veaction=edit" title="Edytuj tę stronę [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Edytuj</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munja&action=edit" title="Edycja kodu źródłowego strony [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edytuj kod źródłowy</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munja&action=history" title="Starsze wersje tej strony [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Wyświetl historię</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Narzędzia dla stron"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Narzędzia" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Narzędzia</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Narzędzia</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">przypnij</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ukryj</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Więcej opcji" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Działania </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Munja"><span>Czytaj</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munja&veaction=edit" title="Edytuj tę stronę [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Edytuj</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munja&action=edit" title="Edycja kodu źródłowego strony [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edytuj kod źródłowy</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munja&action=history"><span>Wyświetl historię</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ogólne </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Linkuj%C4%85ce/Munja" title="Pokaż listę wszystkich stron linkujących do tej strony [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Linkujące</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Zmiany_w_linkowanych/Munja" rel="nofollow" title="Ostatnie zmiany w stronach, do których ta strona linkuje [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Zmiany w linkowanych</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Prześlij_plik" title="Prześlij pliki [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Prześlij plik</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munja&oldid=72278995" title="Stały link do tej wersji tej strony"><span>Link do tej wersji</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munja&action=info" title="Więcej informacji na temat tej strony"><span>Informacje o tej stronie</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Cytuj&page=Munja&id=72278995&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informacja o tym jak należy cytować tę stronę"><span>Cytowanie tego artykułu</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Skr%C3%B3%C4%87_adres_URL&url=https%3A%2F%2Fpl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMunja"><span>Zobacz skrócony adres URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Kod_QR&url=https%3A%2F%2Fpl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMunja"><span>Pobierz kod QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Drukuj lub eksportuj </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Ksi%C4%85%C5%BCka&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Munja"><span>Utwórz książkę</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:DownloadAsPdf&page=Munja&action=show-download-screen"><span>Pobierz jako PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munja&printable=yes" title="Wersja do wydruku [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Wersja do druku</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> W innych projektach </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q498827" title="Link do powiązanego elementu w repozytorium danych [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element Wikidanych</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Narzędzia dla stron"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Wygląd"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Wygląd</div> <button 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.infobox>caption>.iboxt-flex{display:flex;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:center;gap:4px}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption>.iboxt-flex>.iboxt-ikona{flex-grow:0;flex-shrink:0;font-size:7px;max-width:40px;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption>.iboxt-flex>.iboxt-tekst{flex-grow:1}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption .iboxt-1{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption .iboxt-2{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption .iboxt-3{font-style:italic;font-size:90%}</style><div class="iboxt-1">Munja</div><div class="iboxt-2"><span style="font-style: normal;" lang="ko">문자명왕</span></div> </caption> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" style="background:#ddd; color:black; text-align:center; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #aaa;">władca Koguryŏ </td></tr> <tr> <th>Okres </th> <td> <p>od <a href="/wiki/491" title="491">491</a><br />do <a href="/wiki/519" title="519">519</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Poprzednik </th> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Changsu" title="Changsu">Changsu</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Następca </th> <td> <p>Anjang </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background:#ddd; color:black; text-align:center; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #aaa;">Dane biograficzne </td></tr> <tr> <th>Data śmierci </th> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/519" title="519">519</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa; spacing:0px; padding:0px; height:0px;"> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Ojciec </th> <td> <p>Choda </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa; spacing:0px; padding:0px; height:0px;"> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Zst%C4%99pny" title="Zstępny">Dzieci</a> </th> <td> <p>Anjang<br />Anwŏn </p> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Plik:History_of_Korea-Three_Kingdoms_Period-476_CE.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/History_of_Korea-Three_Kingdoms_Period-476_CE.gif/220px-History_of_Korea-Three_Kingdoms_Period-476_CE.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="260" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/History_of_Korea-Three_Kingdoms_Period-476_CE.gif/330px-History_of_Korea-Three_Kingdoms_Period-476_CE.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/History_of_Korea-Three_Kingdoms_Period-476_CE.gif/440px-History_of_Korea-Three_Kingdoms_Period-476_CE.gif 2x" data-file-width="1012" data-file-height="1196" /></a><figcaption>Korea u szczytu potęgi <a href="/wiki/Goguryeo" title="Goguryeo">Koguryŏ</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Munja</b> lub <b>Munjamyŏng</b> (<span style="font-style: normal;" lang="ko">문자, 문자명왕</span>; zm. 519) – król (<i><a href="/wiki/Wang_(tytu%C5%82)" title="Wang (tytuł)">wang</a></i>) <a href="/wiki/Goguryeo" title="Goguryeo">Koguryŏ</a>, największego z <a href="/wiki/Trzy_Kr%C3%B3lestwa_Korei" title="Trzy Królestwa Korei">Trzech Królestw Korei</a>, panujący w latach 491–519. Wnuk i następca wieloletniego króla <a href="/wiki/Changsu" title="Changsu">Changsu</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Życiorys"><span id=".C5.BByciorys"></span>Życiorys</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munja&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Edytuj sekcję: Życiorys" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munja&action=edit&section=1" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Życiorys"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Munja był synem księcia Choda (<span lang="ko">조다</span>), wnukiem króla <a href="/wiki/Changsu" title="Changsu">Changsu</a>. Changsu wyznaczył go na swojego następcę, ponieważ Choda zmarł wcześniej<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Panowanie">Panowanie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munja&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Edytuj sekcję: Panowanie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munja&action=edit&section=2" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Panowanie"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Samguk_sagi" title="Samguk sagi">Kronika Trzech Królestw</a></i> wspomina, że rodzina królewska upadłego państwa <a href="/wiki/Buyeo" title="Buyeo">Puyŏ</a> przybyła do Koguryŏ w roku <a href="/wiki/494" title="494">494</a><sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2">[2]</a></sup>, aby schronić się przed koczownikami Mohe<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></sup>. Tym samym Koguryŏ opanowało Mandżurię aż po dzisiejszy <a href="/wiki/Harbin" title="Harbin">Harbin</a>. W międzyczasie zawiązał się sojusz państw <a href="/wiki/Baekje" title="Baekje">Baekje</a> i Silla dążący do osłabienia Koguryŏ<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4">[4]</a></sup>. Rządzący Baekje Muryŏng groził, że zaatakuje Koguryŏ, zwłaszcza w roku 505, mobilizując ponad 3000 żołnierzy. Koreańskie kroniki wspominają o prowokacyjnych działaniach Baekje kilka razy, które spotkały się z odpowiedzią Munjamyŏnga w 506 roku, ale do większej konfrontacji zbrojnej nie doszło z powodu nagłej klęski nieurodzaju<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4">[4]</a></sup>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Buddyzm" title="Buddyzm">Buddyzm</a> w Korei zyskiwał dużą popularność po oficjalnym przyjęciu go przez Koguryŏ za panowania <a href="/wiki/Sosurim" title="Sosurim">Sosurima</a>. Podobnie jak jego poprzednicy, Munja także wspierał rozkwit buddyzmu<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></sup>, a także utrzymywał kontakty dyplomatyczne kontakty z <a href="/wiki/P%C3%B3%C5%82nocna_dynastia_Wei" title="Północna dynastia Wei">Północną dynastią Wei</a><sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2">[2]</a></sup>. </p><p>Następcą Munjamyŏnga został jego najstarszy syn, Anjang<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2">[2]</a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Przypisy">Przypisy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munja&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Edytuj sekcję: Przypisy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munja&action=edit&section=3" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Przypisy"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="do-not-make-smaller refsection"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book nourl"><span class="cite-lastname">Yi</span> <span class="cite-name-full">Chong Uk</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Chong Uk">Ch.U.</span>, <i>고구려 의 역사 [Koguryŏ ŭi yŏksa]</i>, P'aju: Kimyŏngsa, 2005, s. 369, <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/67543966">67543966</a><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.gengre=book&rft.aufirst=Chong+Uk&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.btitle=%EA%B3%A0%EA%B5%AC%EB%A0%A4+%EC%9D%98+%EC%97%AD%EC%82%AC+%5BKogury%C5%8F+%C5%ADi+y%C5%8Fksa%5D&rft.place=P%27aju&rft.pub=Kimy%C5%8Fngsa&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Yi&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F67543966" style="display:none"> </span> <span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku koreańskim (한국어)">kor.</abbr>)</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-2">c</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><span class="cite-lastname">Kim</span> <span class="cite-name-full">Bu-sik</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Bu-sik">B.</span>, <span class="cite-name-before"><span class="cite-name-full">M.N.</span><span class="cite-name-initials" style="display:none">M.N.</span> </span><span class="cite-lastname">Pak</span><span class="cite-name-after" style="display:none"> <span class="cite-name-full">M.N.</span><span class="cite-name-initials">M.N.</span></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vostlit.info/Texts/Dokumenty/Korea/Kim_Busik/Tom_II/frametext19.htm"><i>Samguk sagi</i></a>, t. 2, Moskwa: Vostochnaya literatura, 1995<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.gengre=book&rft.aufirst=Bu-sik&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.btitle=Samguk+sagi&rft.place=Moskwa&rft.pub=Vostochnaya+literatura&rft.date=1995&rft.aulast=Kim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vostlit.info%2FTexts%2FDokumenty%2FKorea%2FKim_Busik%2FTom_II%2Fframetext19.htm" style="display:none"> </span> <span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku rosyjskim (русский)">ros.</abbr>)</span>.</cite><span class="problemy" aria-hidden="true" data-nosnippet=""> Brak numerów stron w książce</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><span class="cite-lastname">Sin</span> <span class="cite-name-full">Hyŏng Sik</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Hyŏng Sik">H.S.</span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.co.kr/books?id=1Sg7_rxpT-gC&pg=PA227&dq=%EB%AC%B8%EC%9E%90%EC%99%95+%EB%B6%80%EC%97%AC&hl=ko&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjSudq-k9vKAhUEGKYKHVaaB2AQ6AEILDAC#v=onepage&q=%EB%AC%B8%EC%9E%90%EC%99%95%20%EB%B6%80%EC%97%AC&f=false"><i>高句麗史</i></a>, Ewha Womans University Press, 2003, s. 227, <a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Ksi%C4%85%C5%BCki/9788973005284" title="Specjalna:Książki/9788973005284">ISBN <span class="isbn isbn-ulepszony">978-89-7300-528-4</span></a><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.gengre=book&rft.aufirst=Hy%C5%8Fng+Sik&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.btitle=%E9%AB%98%E5%8F%A5%E9%BA%97%E5%8F%B2&rft.isbn=9788973005284&rft.pub=Ewha+Womans+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Sin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.co.kr%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1Sg7_rxpT-gC%26pg%3DPA227%26dq%3D%25EB%25AC%25B8%25EC%259E%2590%25EC%2599%2595%2B%25EB%25B6%2580%25EC%2597%25AC%26hl%3Dko%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D0ahUKEwjSudq-k9vKAhUEGKYKHVaaB2AQ6AEILDAC%23v%3Donepage%26q%3D%25EB%25AC%25B8%25EC%259E%2590%25EC%2599%2595%2520%25EB%25B6%2580%25EC%2597%25AC%26f%3Dfalse" style="display:none"> </span> <span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku koreańskim (한국어)">kor.</abbr>)</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><span class="cite-lastname">Pak</span> <span class="cite-name-full">Yŏng-gyu</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Yŏng-gyu">Y.</span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.co.kr/books?id=GWARAQAAMAAJ&q=%EB%AC%B8%EC%9E%90%EB%AA%85%EC%99%95&dq=%EB%AC%B8%EC%9E%90%EB%AA%85%EC%99%95&hl=ko&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiR3IOTgtvKAhXDHaYKHd8wCsAQ6AEITDAH"><i>한권으로읽는 고구려왕조실록</i></a>, 웅진닷컴, 2004, <a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Ksi%C4%85%C5%BCki/9788901047508" title="Specjalna:Książki/9788901047508">ISBN <span class="isbn isbn-ulepszony">978-89-01-04750-8</span></a><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.gengre=book&rft.aufirst=Y%C5%8Fng-gyu&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.btitle=%ED%95%9C%EA%B6%8C%EC%9C%BC%EB%A1%9C%EC%9D%BD%EB%8A%94+%EA%B3%A0%EA%B5%AC%EB%A0%A4%EC%99%95%EC%A1%B0%EC%8B%A4%EB%A1%9D&rft.isbn=9788901047508&rft.pub=%EC%9B%85%EC%A7%84%EB%8B%B7%EC%BB%B4&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Pak&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.co.kr%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGWARAQAAMAAJ%26q%3D%25EB%25AC%25B8%25EC%259E%2590%25EB%25AA%2585%25EC%2599%2595%26dq%3D%25EB%25AC%25B8%25EC%259E%2590%25EB%25AA%2585%25EC%2599%2595%26hl%3Dko%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D0ahUKEwiR3IOTgtvKAhXDHaYKHd8wCsAQ6AEITDAH" style="display:none"> </span> <span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku koreańskim (한국어)">kor.</abbr>)</span>.</cite><span class="problemy" aria-hidden="true" data-nosnippet=""> Brak numerów stron w książce</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><span class="cite-lastname">Jin</span> <span class="cite-name-full">Kwang</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Kwang">K.</span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.co.kr/books?id=2eQRAQAAMAAJ&q=%EB%AC%B8%EC%9E%90%EB%AA%85%EC%99%95&dq=%EB%AC%B8%EC%9E%90%EB%AA%85%EC%99%95&hl=ko&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiR3IOTgtvKAhXDHaYKHd8wCsAQ6AEIPjAE"><i>고구려 시대 의 불교 수용사 연구</i></a>, Kyŏngsŏwŏn, 2008, <a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Ksi%C4%85%C5%BCki/9788992062787" title="Specjalna:Książki/9788992062787">ISBN <span class="isbn isbn-ulepszony">978-89-92062-78-7</span></a><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.gengre=book&rft.aufirst=Kwang&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.btitle=%EA%B3%A0%EA%B5%AC%EB%A0%A4+%EC%8B%9C%EB%8C%80+%EC%9D%98+%EB%B6%88%EA%B5%90+%EC%88%98%EC%9A%A9%EC%82%AC+%EC%97%B0%EA%B5%AC&rft.isbn=9788992062787&rft.pub=Ky%C5%8Fngs%C5%8Fw%C5%8Fn&rft.date=2008&rft.aulast=Jin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.co.kr%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2eQRAQAAMAAJ%26q%3D%25EB%25AC%25B8%25EC%259E%2590%25EB%25AA%2585%25EC%2599%2595%26dq%3D%25EB%25AC%25B8%25EC%259E%2590%25EB%25AA%2585%25EC%2599%2595%26hl%3Dko%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D0ahUKEwiR3IOTgtvKAhXDHaYKHd8wCsAQ6AEIPjAE" style="display:none"> </span> <span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku koreańskim (한국어)">kor.</abbr>)</span>.</cite><span class="problemy" aria-hidden="true" data-nosnippet=""> Brak numerów stron w książce</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div></div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" 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