CINXE.COM
Just a moment...
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9134a4246a403e14',cH: '19vfy0P.uj_pWm86ohnPiHha580oYHfcB3AGXKsyLPQ-1739783393-1.2.1.1-EwNQgoz.M7HH51XDmTx7LvFirz0CptXAjxFX9bRxBW6tlHQ6blbBApN5k7XyNbW0',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=smart%20farming&__cf_chl_tk=M5XEDVAhnMTUB8t34drdcKwX8yzqPfypJLtmqFbfN8Q-1739783393-1.0.1.1-pfYbXjHxIf0gaTfGb.tbwjUt0Oyrefi1eTBK9JResv4",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739783393',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=smart%20farming&__cf_chl_f_tk=M5XEDVAhnMTUB8t34drdcKwX8yzqPfypJLtmqFbfN8Q-1739783393-1.0.1.1-pfYbXjHxIf0gaTfGb.tbwjUt0Oyrefi1eTBK9JResv4",md: "MwUDQWov_cAheV46F1zvQv1_.tYHUFSCzNp6nMW9pHo-1739783393-1.2.1.1-gtR_M6eEpkg0M8fMVxEuX9fCeK6Jf8guBYvRtbiQyDilj_8XJBg.rk9Q1DkvQGTPEu5MFpMbi_EKC0Unc4J5vco2FFiwWVe8mmAYytAOnsYpzd0IkcsZppHy_suSGC4JVwyfzS9JNuscALpMC3je5v7CFVu_xQ_HQz4fYAzk1tgKcO8I0r6UOYYXNSRKTYR5g7byk39DLdHr6IPWR_wQwbJXJcffIqZCDW_r6r9eviUCkdfN0xKPZ4x9Zgz3TEtLsmJQWcGSrkTVeUVQKWxwggFu.E1BkDPq3rQI18L1RaK95dfJ7ZFeuQ9j.WuNJUIiJtuL8WeiNYm9Mwo5fyRoNmMqtbvvDb19h7MAXr.7c0F9T5ux87Qmn4Xq9UDb8xSqq.A4jxXmu83PejB4P_DZeLHvpI3ZP6QQsI3jKGgmvnFeN4aKR2RHLgGKTW7GTH_Mw2Hayh9R6z2NGVCdnIqr5kkp0nqsFXg3lLHf3hFDwPURRRtyc7h9n5PPRR4To7tlL2_UcusICjct9SR5fUB6FcwOTfRt6GW8vWD1kWUjl4W8HGw2h1jcuaaRh5o_y.GP2N_Yam5BK5FjdEjvBrRtG7DA8mOKPfapWcqq47ndBq1Zy57ExfsmLGu14rOl5QsAZnjSX_mu96ANvX78L2tQL1S74aKMvIiMkdf5ufVbXqzQwNPPdeGK08Z5cHjvrqFeRcrnraKSPCrcS7iO3jbpDAnX1XrBozIuTvLYTCV1nECkqNoa1zn7mXubwjFFx4YPe0nm4kD5MgaN82LffR3Haj_1250bc4XLqVXIUas0bUx71zP1WQPgPbLWcME31sBnOrnxkTqfY4GlELvWKtjgSgh4qzRmgHlC9SRyOE2ytxA4nWg.9f4Fu3wRXeauek97qC2MFRBhAfenGTlENioRBidTWo9VsoCCcG.JEl3IAGCUD0FLxwRbpj1_6.jGhWmZsM5oEQMJRO_WJ6cWboQNGiMho2fW2R1Tt.D31ib_P_OmVOLIyIG6nO4TVXtaOqPR1vR5z97I2yjgjpvko1evvQKgDW_s12LW3l6cNhiCtKD3ZB95YXVyZhEc51eAcY4rSfuhXhoeTlUGQJ9cj8xvaaCVZrKpLnMM1DS9q_rEHFmSK1oEfqtpfmm3xOWATekMZExRD7rccrpWTrGe7uHGVt1.o_GBMjnR5rzg0571XW5PRYkJqdxc0xuvXsY6mMNVvSc4Bai_xCg6M3x8kcfCm8OADI2pRZQYM8686QSdzkTF05EDjjylk6lJaYnVUhcuJRKTw11E6ltifJmgwC4aAhpeJXKGPuUjWpCX.98DeKaj1LMXbEzykZGetyE12rAajwMZsGDnWA9w_TM2nGDUcVAYEv8mcame0fje_8eHyuRxDvrH2ii0lRKekPNeX6WNm5y5OoWj5we_OkNvRnDtdrXSlzFxlklCatBH3S8BMWAsXZ1w00n0TH4pUFpauv5VGV_leQKcro_6UdHRP0kN8WBIKxiSkEIkxRzrk4AAgA8iwbiEV4K4f.mZywB.Zlp3lgirvtPTbK1ulJOGdu9YIg0Y.HxRKemkWVFitk7QvEuhx7I0LaztGWZmQf_YgyULG6nXO96OdKeL0qadC3fOZ9Zbz_ARzg_68M.JNiqlOi1L2E1ggkXl8dqY4XuhTn4e3djIi3gWmdH6QzVSsscCI9pgRcFNj4Ehv6N0ikV.zbd9nMKOcL8k69L.mODLGm7_7_JFVflcYP4goczyy3IEQJNAYmIx.3Z.dRB_diBpSbEKTZgVMeV5vlySEKOBtYsyA8e_7bOARBMaqbI_o6Py4f2vGglQvb3bm71DvbvF8bQiNdOtghu1qZw9E5Re1GWEaLtUHq7rKmrt90FAA8Rzp50Hw1W6MDGXaQMcd4DKMHuW88o3hS5tq0fu9G7hEjxCodDW89.LNO4P4dIK1aBiQAZf.Rd5GEocsGw0tzWmWX8",mdrd: "rskzPo_yT.p9pRnlDdbBBwr2X3oSM1h999GKcDugbXs-1739783393-1.2.1.1-lF8ZjL8ksUH_qhv0500p40lHxTCdGMPKslRJQxkc84W4lBSf76A5yZq_bZs3kczuLdQTH0hdBohe3L2UwAfhPhH9tx5IOvBq.0U3njXbLdeWmp8QW9piKMB5.h.PBPehrhRF5mTxORiyeiHuX_SzS03Z_ffGZHV2R6RbUDw3QSUjwduOGRsBglK.1RgFNxItXHIjBNwtKkzKTU69q33kcvzWY83eDZh5RZMMMXAIBSgxGa4rwRUHUWMtX03TpjsMo1ma_Mhl.38fRY5iCQqRRYPZ_.EcQTjWdFrNlB4YlZXue0tHR9dXCKIv56uMgSgKKMXodyKZbQgbJj7eZO0hYRlNn8vA3YDery.z7MZric5ZVk3aIq5dEBNN8vV1AaQGj1jmujlHnFM8kbo4FXaRu600SEIsm72yYEky2tqwXkzWltZtlRNAb62voa2IbDsFWK8Fx8NU3viKZq.FGONZh9thUpR6A6GX3N60fN8XIQRTAIgKcJeOMNyJH868_LUvSYcafH0jkvF23e.g.19c3pYUFHMkalIU3CcgYJ4RLnLbwpYCoAtrzMeOGZKZZNnPFBLIqEEh4jLQnzJZPn73uiveBKSCS.W94iM1bnF54EBznbrLlt.Jld3MFdzMK.Pvh8tZehdRdFFOQ4KgN5lnku2E3uJ6pbvxB9VAFm7OAhWMP3Zo8yCuI.177O5oZXbU3Rb1Sm5OKolJwKnc8mXUD5LiB.g03FLyBK8iGYmvfosCh3q8kLx7fGIEBvaVvELhkbU5G_jYI7Nmeiqa0ymvaCtJn2CBeEzSm_DDiXMI6JrenxfT4LgSx7TsdL250tYDuNQKGYljmERbUj7HmtXgxmrLVFX4VqKKhpvwK_aEripl4aqpmhmlUbTt2.LhmuMZztMN80zMeOG0us1wrOQynHJ0BY9F1kZheAlKcLHiydD.Uy4b_VsWvaZDaSa39FgBvDBTi8OgCBDZttTpP_D3ubUN9vzq5QEe7E8Efwx8BQ.ZuaL0LrKrK_opi60FUOp7NJysoyUnQFXDRG11poK228UReUrB_9YaxKe77D0iRHaqlp3s1NDvflTAo.lGwc18IdBzIZEl2ozakyOStbmzKjKzxpE5Cgg7arv3j4662Kj_Yo2TwPsNvial3RBn1YJl5Mv8qucSO2XY5FUd_TuEAlfAzvQINDVHXR5Gj2npFLxc9WszqONidwJMy0h6gNUfFYIiZP0gXn4IpAY4AB8oNiOBFZLhhVY1rsDcZcCMZEShbLeWR5XzfMvC9nOY3E_v8PHlDQo6Z7JgPQkBGoii8WB8tQBklqr6wDjXoZ5P3TtXXpHupMaI9W5.zcEAiq6L8yV7FFUVEHk5.cQrA3FjsREr5paAbwhR6fGdKFxzS5tUnzVEabjXvhhfsq36zJgauJm.A0ofTWCRaV4LgGIbLC4_vSlOsSatjgXENe1vBaHQ2qTAGukFn3Y3dkYRaFq2PwjACwwmqiaUU1ypcteXiZP8rOLenbPkXpKj8ti0tl9kneNQysMMV8dh20QBI8REmWooIX5gXUqFNtSufVlhQ.ymLPXzLFq7OGAwu9es_dETm215JSfQ01EV1UMF0I0QewweDHhXdoc2Cg_9im1ktdfwwnR.C_RHaVjCgqpb26.HEgGxBI51t2pP9OLf0DUB8hJ9zVWqsfPoHr06bFSjW.leWnVHJiGpB4vk2xclceVyCJfFyifFg1wbLFpyyZuQbvTF4Kn_GFY.xfZX8PL7FN7NDChDshc95CXEIEZoMtS_T0u9mBfuBpSc_EBMNmXaXmAQkX7FNuaO4fLZ5diapXTLtiprZN.cNFWslBhPJ1AxeIZFc4WO_hdn1Ezbe6FwxY3Xcolu02nHGYo7j5CyClUhoK28fmPiE6v5pF874KtWdYsKUENwlSTN.tL8uwSRTvEOoovVqk_cLguCvff2jp31YR4Br8OM0GF4rNeWbuZD17M5e.9klRRMa.a6GSluJY7EHLnMDqj7syRwvtACbw"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9134a4246a403e14';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=smart%20farming&__cf_chl_rt_tk=M5XEDVAhnMTUB8t34drdcKwX8yzqPfypJLtmqFbfN8Q-1739783393-1.0.1.1-pfYbXjHxIf0gaTfGb.tbwjUt0Oyrefi1eTBK9JResv4" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>