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searchaux" style="display:none">Ongoing humanitarian crisis in the Yanomami territory in Brazil</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">Yanomami humanitarian crisis</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Duration</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left;">2019–2023</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data location" style="text-align: left;">Yanomami Indigenous Territory, Brazil</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left;">mass deaths, famine, forced displacements and other major human rights violations</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Jair_Bolsonaro" title="Presidency of Jair Bolsonaro">presidency of Jair Bolsonaro</a> (2019–2023), a series of <a href="/wiki/Genocide_of_indigenous_peoples" title="Genocide of indigenous peoples">mass deaths</a>, famine, <a href="/wiki/Forced_displacement" title="Forced displacement">forced displacements</a> and other major <a href="/wiki/Human_rights" title="Human rights">human rights violations</a> took place in the Brazilian <a href="/wiki/Yanomami_Indigenous_Territory" title="Yanomami Indigenous Territory">Yanomami Indigenous Territory</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Such events reportedly started or were aggravated from 2019 on as a consequence of rampant <a href="/wiki/Exploitation_of_natural_resources" title="Exploitation of natural resources">exploitation of natural resources</a> by individuals and companies with state approval, and have been frequently said to constitute a <a href="/wiki/Genocide" title="Genocide">genocide</a> against the <a href="/wiki/Yanomami" title="Yanomami">Yanomami people</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yanomami_humanitarian_crisis&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After being elected in the <a href="/wiki/2018_Brazilian_general_election" title="2018 Brazilian general election">2018 Brazilian general elections</a> and taking office under his pledge to loosen environmental policies, especially in the <a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Amazon" class="mw-redirect" title="Brazilian Amazon">Brazilian Amazon</a> region, then president <a href="/wiki/Jair_Bolsonaro" title="Jair Bolsonaro">Jair Bolsonaro</a> repealed several presidential decrees banning <a href="/wiki/Illegal_mining" title="Illegal mining">illegal mining</a> and <a href="/wiki/Illegal_logging" title="Illegal logging">illegal logging</a> nationwide, and effectively dismantled environment protection agencies.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:21.01.2023_-_An%C3%BAncio_de_a%C3%A7%C3%B5es_emergenciais_para_a_popula%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Yanomami_(52640432047).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/21.01.2023_-_An%C3%BAncio_de_a%C3%A7%C3%B5es_emergenciais_para_a_popula%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Yanomami_%2852640432047%29.jpg/294px-21.01.2023_-_An%C3%BAncio_de_a%C3%A7%C3%B5es_emergenciais_para_a_popula%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Yanomami_%2852640432047%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="294" height="196" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/21.01.2023_-_An%C3%BAncio_de_a%C3%A7%C3%B5es_emergenciais_para_a_popula%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Yanomami_%2852640432047%29.jpg/441px-21.01.2023_-_An%C3%BAncio_de_a%C3%A7%C3%B5es_emergenciais_para_a_popula%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Yanomami_%2852640432047%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/21.01.2023_-_An%C3%BAncio_de_a%C3%A7%C3%B5es_emergenciais_para_a_popula%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Yanomami_%2852640432047%29.jpg/588px-21.01.2023_-_An%C3%BAncio_de_a%C3%A7%C3%B5es_emergenciais_para_a_popula%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Yanomami_%2852640432047%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5562" data-file-height="3708" /></a><figcaption>President <a href="/wiki/Luiz_In%C3%A1cio_Lula_da_Silva" title="Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva">Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva</a> announces emergency measures to tackle the Yanomami humanitarian crisis.</figcaption></figure> <p>In January 2023, following the end of Bolsonaro's administration due to his defeat in the <a href="/wiki/2022_Brazilian_general_election" title="2022 Brazilian general election">2022 Brazilian general elections</a>, new government officials appointed by President <a href="/wiki/Luiz_In%C3%A1cio_Lula_da_Silva" title="Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva">Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva</a> took office and immediately were briefed about an escalation of the Yanomami crisis.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over 20,000 illegal miners were estimated to have invaded and exploited the Yanomami reservation, prompting comparisons with the 1980's <a href="/wiki/Serra_Pelada" title="Serra Pelada">Serra Pelada gold rush</a>, also in the Amazon.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Incidents">Incidents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yanomami_humanitarian_crisis&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Incidents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Government neglect, agricultural encroachment and illegal activities affecting the area preceded the creation of the Yanomami reserve in 1992. The first contacts between the Yanomami indigenous peoples and white men intermittently happened between the 1910s and 1940s; in the following two decades, such contacts increased due to <a href="/wiki/Missionary" title="Missionary">religious missions</a> in the region, road construction work and mining projects by the <a href="/wiki/Military_dictatorship_in_Brazil" title="Military dictatorship in Brazil">military regime</a> in the area in the 1970s, during which the first reports of epidemics especially of <a href="/wiki/Influenza" title="Influenza">flu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Measles" title="Measles">measles</a> and <a href="/wiki/Whooping_cough" title="Whooping cough">whooping cough</a> emerged linked to the decimation of entire Yanomami communities.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ever since, the region has suffered from being a hotspot for illegal activities, notably <a href="/wiki/Illegal_mining" title="Illegal mining">illegal mining</a>, leading to <a href="/wiki/Mercury_poisoning" title="Mercury poisoning">mercury poisoning</a> of several tribespeople, including <a href="/wiki/Infant" title="Infant">infants</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Illegal_mining_logistics">Illegal mining logistics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yanomami_humanitarian_crisis&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Illegal mining logistics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yanomami_location.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Yanomami_location.png/262px-Yanomami_location.png" decoding="async" width="262" height="353" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Yanomami_location.png/394px-Yanomami_location.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Yanomami_location.png/524px-Yanomami_location.png 2x" data-file-width="1207" data-file-height="1625" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Yanomami_Indigenous_Territory" title="Yanomami Indigenous Territory">Yanomami indigenous territory</a> location.</figcaption></figure><p>A network of politicians, local public servants, farmers, business people and companies was organized to illegally exploit <a href="/wiki/Gold" title="Gold">gold</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cassiterite" title="Cassiterite">cassiterite</a> as well as to <a href="/wiki/Money_laundering" title="Money laundering">launder</a> the criminal activities in the Yanomami territory. Hidden <a href="/wiki/Runway" title="Runway">runaways</a> were built in dozens of nearby and even distant rural properties (as far as in <a href="/wiki/Boa_Vista,_Roraima" title="Boa Vista, Roraima">Boa Vista</a>). Some of the gold extracted has been taken to Venezuela and French Guyana, and <a href="/wiki/Refinery" title="Refinery">refinery facilities</a> and depots have also been used in the scheme.<sup id="cite_ref-www1.folha.uol.com.br_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-www1.folha.uol.com.br-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Additionally, Rodrigo Martins de Mello, a pro-Bolsonaro businessman, was charged with operating under an "irregular license"<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and heading another <a href="/wiki/Criminal_organization" class="mw-redirect" title="Criminal organization">criminal organization</a> operating in the reservation.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On January 16, 2023, Brazilian newspaper <i><a href="/wiki/Folha_de_S.Paulo" title="Folha de S.Paulo">Folha de São Paulo</a></i> reported that Brazilian former army general <a href="/wiki/Augusto_Heleno" title="Augusto Heleno">Augusto Heleno</a>, a former minister under the <a href="/wiki/Bolsonaro_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolsonaro government">Bolsonaro government</a>, authorized a convicted drug dealer to run a gold mining project in the Yanomami region.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On January 27, Brazilian newspaper <i><a href="/wiki/O_Globo" title="O Globo">O Globo</a></i> reported that the <a href="/wiki/Central_Bank_of_Brazil" title="Central Bank of Brazil">Brazilian Central Bank</a> failed to crack down on <a href="/wiki/Gold_laundering" title="Gold laundering">gold laundering</a>. The failure has reportedly emboldened some 20,000 illegal miners to further exploit indigenous territories including the Yanomami reservation.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Legal mining companies such as M.M. Gold (rebranded from Gana Gold) have also masqueraded illegal activities by faking far more than permitted amounts of gold to be extracted in their concessions, according to a report by <i><a href="/wiki/Mongabay" title="Mongabay">Mongabay</a></i> and <a href="/wiki/The_Intercept_Brasil" class="mw-redirect" title="The Intercept Brasil"><i>The Intercept</i> <i>Brazil</i></a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Cryptocurrencies have been also used to launder criminal activity and transfer financial assets to stooges.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Financing">Financing</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yanomami_humanitarian_crisis&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Financing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On January 24, 2023, two reports by Brazilian newspaper <i><a href="/wiki/O_Globo" title="O Globo">O Globo</a></i> detailed that the Bolsonaro government allocated <a href="/wiki/Brazilian_real" title="Brazilian real">BRL</a> 872 million (approximately <a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">USD</a> 171 million) from the federal budget to an opaque evangelical <a href="/wiki/Non-governmental_organization" title="Non-governmental organization">non-governmental organisation</a> from 2019 to 2023. According to indigenous leaders in the Yanomami territory the NGO has not worked in the region since it started receiving Bolsonaro administration <a href="/wiki/Earmark_(politics)" title="Earmark (politics)">earmarks</a>, raising suspicions of widespread <a href="/wiki/Corruption" title="Corruption">corruption</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additionally, government funds allocated to transport doctors and nurses to the region during the Bolsonaro administration were directed to transportation companies owned by illegal miners, who were also reportedly tipped off about police raids and operations hours or days before they took place.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Communications">Communications</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yanomami_humanitarian_crisis&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Communications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A <i><a href="/wiki/Brasil_de_Fato" title="Brasil de Fato">Brasil de Fato</a></i> report in February 2023 revealed illegal miners operating in the Yanomami territory had access to <a href="/wiki/Starlink" title="Starlink">Starlink</a>'s internet via highly inflated prices in the <a href="/wiki/Black_market" title="Black market">black market</a>, after Starlink announced in May 2022 it was expanding its coverage to the <a href="/wiki/Amazon_region" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon region">Amazon region</a> in a project with the <a href="/wiki/Bolsonaro_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolsonaro government">Bolsonaro government</a> that aimed to connect among other things 19,000 Brazilian schools in rural areas. As of September 2022, however, only 3 schools in the region had been covered by the Starlink's internet service, while its equipment had been traded among illegal miners since November 2022, with the first Yanomami community only receiving it in late January 2023. Despite Starlink's ban on device resales, the company did not contact Brazilian authorities to suspend its service for miners or take any legal action against them.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Internet devices of American company <a href="/wiki/Viasat_(American_company)" title="Viasat (American company)">Viasat</a> had also been sold in the black market in the region, and local indigenous leaders said internet access crucially enabled illegal miners to scale up their activities.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Health_complications">Health complications</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yanomami_humanitarian_crisis&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Health complications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Medical officials working in the Roraima state where the Yanomami reservation is located have noted a "total lack of proper <a href="/wiki/Health_care" title="Health care">medical care</a> in the region" adding that malaria-infected indigenous patients have rapidly evolved into severe <a href="/wiki/Liver_damage" class="mw-redirect" title="Liver damage">liver damage</a> after multiple untreated infections by <a href="/wiki/Plasmodium_falciparum" title="Plasmodium falciparum">Plasmodium falciparum</a>, one of the four species of protozoa capable of causing malaria in humans.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Onchocerciasis" title="Onchocerciasis">Onchocerciasis</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Parasitic_disease" title="Parasitic disease">parasitic disease</a> linked to <a href="/wiki/Extreme_poverty" title="Extreme poverty">extreme poverty</a>, has been eradicated in the entire Brazilian territory except for the Yanomami reservation, where it still represents a <a href="/wiki/Disease_burden" title="Disease burden">disease burden</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sexual_abuse,_rape_and_illegal_adoptions"><span id="Sexual_abuse.2C_rape_and_illegal_adoptions"></span>Sexual abuse, rape and illegal adoptions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yanomami_humanitarian_crisis&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Sexual abuse, rape and illegal adoptions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A report published by Instituto Socioambiental and co-authored by the Hutukara Yanomami and the Wanasseduume Ye'kwana indigenous associations showed testimonies by indigenous women who said illegal miners offered them food or gold in exchange for sex with them and/or their children. Three 13-year-olds reportedly died after being raped by illegal miners in 2020. <a href="/wiki/Sexually_transmitted_infection" title="Sexually transmitted infection">Sexually transmitted infections</a> have also been reported among Yanomami people.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additionally, the federal government opened probes into reports of <a href="/wiki/Illegal_adoption" class="mw-redirect" title="Illegal adoption">illegal adoptions</a> and systemic <a href="/wiki/Child_sexual_abuse" title="Child sexual abuse">sexual abuse</a> against Yanomami children.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of February 2023, at least 30 girls and teenagers are pregnant due to rapes by miners, according to reports from an indigenous association.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Death_toll">Death toll</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yanomami_humanitarian_crisis&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Death toll"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Though estimates of <a href="/wiki/Overexploitation" title="Overexploitation">overexploitation</a>-related deaths of the Yanomami people are very scattered and under-reported due to the remoteness of the territory, reports revealed 99 Yanomami children aged 5-year-old or younger died in 2022, of which a third was due to <a href="/wiki/Pneumonia" title="Pneumonia">pneumonia</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and from 2019 to 2023 a total of 570 Yanomami children died because of <a href="/wiki/Malnutrition" title="Malnutrition">malnutrition</a>, hunger and <a href="/wiki/Mercury_poisoning" title="Mercury poisoning">mercury poisoning</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yanomami_humanitarian_crisis&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Aftermath"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On January 21, 2023, the Brazilian Health Ministry declared a medical emergency in the indigenous territory.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the same day, a trip to the territory located in the northernmost <a href="/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima">Roraima</a> state was made by Lula and top government officials including the Health minister <a href="/wiki/N%C3%ADsia_Trindade" title="Nísia Trindade">Nísia Trindade</a>, the Justice minister <a href="/wiki/Fl%C3%A1vio_Dino" title="Flávio Dino">Flávio Dino</a> and the Indigenous Affairs minister <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B4nia_Guajajara" title="Sônia Guajajara">Sônia Guajajara</a> to announce a federal aid package to the region and the Yanomami.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On January 24 a <a href="/wiki/Field_hospital" title="Field hospital">field hospital</a> run by the federal government started being set up by the <a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Armed_Forces" title="Brazilian Armed Forces">Brazilian military</a> in Roraima's capital <a href="/wiki/Boa_Vista,_Roraima" title="Boa Vista, Roraima">Boa Vista</a> and opened three days later.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some 5,000 <a href="/wiki/Emergency_rations" title="Emergency rations">emergency food kits</a> including meals for indigenous children were sent and distributed into the Yanomami territory. Over a thousand indigenous people in severe health conditions had been rescued from the reservation, as of January 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Investigations">Investigations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yanomami_humanitarian_crisis&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Investigations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="padding-bottom:0.25em;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Genocide_of_indigenous_peoples" title="Category:Genocide of indigenous peoples">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background:#BCBCBC;padding:0.25em;border-bottom:5px solid whitesmoke;"><a href="/wiki/Genocide_of_indigenous_peoples" title="Genocide of indigenous peoples"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:black">Genocide<br />of indigenous peoples</span></a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#BCBCBC;"> Issues</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ecocide" title="Ecocide">Ecocide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_cleansing" title="Ethnic cleansing">Ethnic cleansing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sociology_of_race_and_ethnic_relations" title="Sociology of race and ethnic relations">Ethnic relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forced_assimilation" title="Forced assimilation">Forced assimilation</a> / <a href="/wiki/Forced_conversion" title="Forced conversion">conversion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denial_of_genocides_of_Indigenous_peoples" title="Denial of genocides of Indigenous peoples">Denial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historiography_of_Indigenous_genocide" title="Historiography of Indigenous genocide">Historiography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Settler_colonialism" title="Settler colonialism">Settler colonialism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colonialism_and_genocide" title="Colonialism and genocide">Genocide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_response_to_colonialism" title="Indigenous response to colonialism">Indigenous response</a></li></ul></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0.2em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#BCBCBC;padding:0.25em;font-size:95%;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Sub-Saharan Africa</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atrocities_in_the_Congo_Free_State" title="Atrocities in the Congo Free State">Atrocities in the Congo Free State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darfur_genocide" title="Darfur genocide">Darfur genocide</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Effacer_le_tableau" title="Effacer le tableau">Effacer le tableau</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gukurahundi" title="Gukurahundi">Gukurahundi</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herero_and_Nama_genocide" title="Herero and Nama genocide">Herero and Nama<wbr /> genocide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ikiza" title="Ikiza">Ikiza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maji_Maji_Rebellion" title="Maji Maji Rebellion">Maji Maji Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mfecane" title="Mfecane">Mfecane</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0.2em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#BCBCBC;padding:0.25em;font-size:95%;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Americas (<a href="/wiki/Population_history_of_the_Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas" title="Population history of the Indigenous peoples of the Americas"><span style="color:black">history</span></a>)</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_the_Desert" title="Conquest of the Desert">Conquest of the Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavery_among_the_Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas" class="mw-redirect" title="Slavery among the Indigenous peoples of the Americas">Enslavement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Tenochtitlan" title="Fall of Tenochtitlan">Fall of Tenochtitlan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forced_sterilization_in_Peru" title="Forced sterilization in Peru">Forced sterilization<wbr /> in Peru</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Plan_Verde" title="Plan Verde">Plan Verde</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genocide_of_Indigenous_peoples_in_Brazil" title="Genocide of Indigenous peoples in Brazil">Brazil</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yanomami humanitarian crisis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_genocide_of_Indigenous_peoples" title="Canadian genocide of Indigenous peoples">Canada</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beothuk#Genocide" title="Beothuk">Beothuk extinction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Arctic_relocation" title="High Arctic relocation">High Arctic relocation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1862_Pacific_Northwest_smallpox_epidemic" title="1862 Pacific Northwest smallpox epidemic">Pacific Northwest<wbr /> smallpox epidemic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Indian_residential_school_system" title="Canadian Indian residential school system">Residential schools</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guatemalan_genocide" title="Guatemalan genocide">Guatemalan genocide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalinago_genocide_of_1626" title="Kalinago genocide of 1626">Kalinago genocide</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_Matanza#Subsequent_government_killings" title="La Matanza">La Matanza</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massacre_of_Salsipuedes" title="Massacre of Salsipuedes">Massacre of Salsipuedes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napalp%C3%AD_massacre" title="Napalpí massacre">Napalpí massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occupation_of_Araucan%C3%ADa" title="Occupation of Araucanía">Occupation of Araucanía</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genocide_of_Indigenous_peoples_in_Paraguay" title="Genocide of Indigenous peoples in Paraguay">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putumayo_genocide" title="Putumayo genocide">Putumayo genocide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selk%27nam_genocide" title="Selk'nam genocide">Selk'nam genocide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiral_case" title="Spiral case">Spiral case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ta%C3%ADno_genocide" title="Taíno genocide">Taíno genocide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_American_genocide_in_the_United_States" title="Native American genocide in the United States">United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Indian_Wars" title="American Indian Wars">American Indian Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Indian_boarding_schools" title="American Indian boarding schools">Boarding schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_genocide" title="California genocide">California genocide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1837_Great_Plains_smallpox_epidemic" title="1837 Great Plains smallpox epidemic">Great Plains<wbr /> smallpox epidemic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_removal" title="Indian removal">Indian removal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osage_Indian_murders" title="Osage Indian murders">Osage Indian murders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pequot_War" title="Pequot War">Pequot War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sand_Creek_massacre" title="Sand Creek massacre">Sand Creek massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sullivan_Expedition" title="Sullivan Expedition">Sullivan Expedition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trail_of_Tears" title="Trail of Tears">Trail of Tears</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genocide_of_indigenous_peoples_in_Venezuela" title="Genocide of indigenous peoples in Venezuela">Venezuela</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pemon_conflict" title="Pemon conflict">Pemon conflict</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0.2em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#BCBCBC;padding:0.25em;font-size:95%;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">East, South, Southeast Asia</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_conquest_of_the_Banda_Islands" title="Dutch conquest of the Banda Islands">Bandanese massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chittagong_Hill_Tracts_conflict" title="Chittagong Hill Tracts conflict">Chittagong Hill Tracts<wbr /> conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_under_Japanese_rule#History" title="Taiwan under Japanese rule">Cultural genocide in Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dzungar_genocide" title="Dzungar genocide">Dzungar genocide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Timor_genocide" title="East Timor genocide">East Timor genocide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ainu_people#Japanese_annexation_of_Hokkaido" title="Ainu people">Japanese annexation<wbr /> of Hokkaido</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamey_Island_Massacre" title="Lamey Island Massacre">Lamey Island Massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_Manchukuo" title="War crimes in Manchukuo">Manchukuo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryukyu_Disposition" title="Ryukyu Disposition">Ryukyu Disposition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinicization_of_Tibet" title="Sinicization of Tibet">Sinicization of Tibet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C5%8Dshi-kaimei" title="Sōshi-kaimei">Sōshi-kaimei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champa%E2%80%93%C4%90%E1%BA%A1i_Vi%E1%BB%87t_War_(1471)" title="Champa–Đại Việt War (1471)">Vietnamese conquest<wbr /> of Champa</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0.2em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#BCBCBC;padding:0.25em;font-size:95%;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Europe and North Asia</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Circassian_genocide" title="Circassian genocide">Circassian genocide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cromwellian_conquest_of_Ireland" title="Cromwellian conquest of Ireland">Cromwellian conquest<wbr /> of Ireland</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Generalplan_Ost" title="Generalplan Ost">Generalplan Ost</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massacres_of_Albanians_in_the_Balkan_Wars" title="Massacres of Albanians in the Balkan Wars">Massacres of Albanians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_genocide" title="Greek genocide">Greek genocide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegianization_of_the_S%C3%A1mi" title="Norwegianization of the Sámi">Norwegianization of the Sámi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Population_transfer_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Population transfer in the Soviet Union">Population transfer in the Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_conquest_of_Siberia" title="Russian conquest of Siberia">Russian conquest of Siberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedification#Swedification_of_Sámi_and_Finns" title="Swedification">Swedification of Sámi and Finns</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vergonha" title="Vergonha">Vergonha</a></i></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0.2em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#BCBCBC;padding:0.25em;font-size:95%;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Oceania</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blackbirding" title="Blackbirding">Blackbirding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genocide_of_Indigenous_Australians" title="Genocide of Indigenous Australians">Australia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_frontier_wars" title="Australian frontier wars">Australian frontier wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_War" title="Black War">Black War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stolen_Generations" title="Stolen Generations">Stolen Generations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moriori_genocide" title="Moriori genocide">Moriori genocide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papua_conflict" title="Papua conflict">Papua conflict</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0.2em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#BCBCBC;padding:0.25em;font-size:95%;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">West Asia / North Africa</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_genocide" title="Armenian genocide">Armenian genocide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bar_Kokhba_revolt" title="Bar Kokhba revolt">Bar Kokhba revolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="Conquest of the Canary Islands">Conquest of the<wbr /> Canary Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_genocide" title="Libyan genocide">Libyan genocide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacification_of_Algeria" title="Pacification of Algeria">Pacification of Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_genocide_accusation" title="Palestinian genocide accusation">Palestinian genocide<wbr /> accusation</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gaza_genocide" title="Gaza genocide">Gaza genocide</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sayfo" title="Sayfo">Sayfo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Sahara_conflict" title="Western Sahara conflict">Western Sahara conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yazidi_genocide" title="Yazidi genocide">Yazidi genocide</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0.2em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#BCBCBC;padding:0.25em;font-size:95%;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Related topics</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_genocide_studies" title="Outline of genocide studies">Outline of genocide studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_genocide_studies" title="Bibliography of genocide studies">Bibliography of genocide studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genocides_in_history" title="Genocides in history">Genocides in history</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Genocide_of_Indigenous_peoples" title="Template:Genocide of Indigenous peoples"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Genocide_of_Indigenous_peoples" title="Template talk:Genocide of Indigenous peoples"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Genocide_of_Indigenous_peoples" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Genocide of Indigenous peoples"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>On January 18, Brazilian leading medical institute <a href="/wiki/Fiocruz" class="mw-redirect" title="Fiocruz">Fiocruz</a> warned government officials that a batch of the malaria drug <a href="/wiki/Antimalarial_medication" title="Antimalarial medication">ASMQ</a> meant to Yanomami patients went missing and was reportedly diverted to illegal miners who have since sold it.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On January 30, Brazil's <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Federal_Court" title="Supreme Federal Court">Supreme Federal Court</a> authorized a probe into the handling of the humanitarian crisis by former Bolsonaro government officials as well as into whether genocide has been committed. Investigators were also empowered to gather evidence of the disappearance of illegal aircraft used by miners and seized by the police, and illegal disclosures of police raids to benefit illegal miners, among other actions or lack thereof.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="International_Criminal_Court_probe">International Criminal Court probe</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yanomami_humanitarian_crisis&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: International Criminal Court probe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2019, <a href="/wiki/Jair_Bolsonaro" title="Jair Bolsonaro">Jair Bolsonaro</a> was sued by the Arns Commission and the Human Rights Advocacy collective in the <a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court" title="International Criminal Court">International Criminal Court</a>, of which Brazil is a member since 2002, for allegedly "inciting <a href="/wiki/Genocide" title="Genocide">genocide</a> and promoting systemic attacks against indigenous peoples of Brazil". Such crimes are neither covered by any <a href="/wiki/Statute_of_limitations" title="Statute of limitations">statute of limitations</a> nor necessarily bound to a current authority which means that even if Bolsonaro and other officials leave the government they can still stand trial.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2020, prosecutors from the International Criminal Court said the complaint is formally under preliminary investigation, a first against a Brazilian leader.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 2021, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Articula%C3%A7%C3%A3o_dos_Povos_Ind%C3%ADgenas_do_Brasil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Articulação dos Povos Indígenas do Brasil (page does not exist)">Brazilian indigenous peoples association APIB</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Articula%C3%A7%C3%A3o_dos_Povos_Ind%C3%ADgenas_do_Brasil" class="extiw" title="pt:Articulação dos Povos Indígenas do Brasil">pt</a>]</span> filed another criminal proceeding against Bolsonaro and other officials in the International Criminal Court for, among other things, failing to manage the Covid-19 pandemic in Brazilian indigenous territories, with over 1,100 indigenous people reportedly dying as a result of that alone. The association also cited reports that Brazilian General Prosecutor <a href="/wiki/Augusto_Aras" title="Augusto Aras">Augusto Aras</a>, who is the only authority in Brazil legally allowed to open <a href="/wiki/Criminal_procedure" title="Criminal procedure">criminal proceedings</a> against a president and was appointed by Bolsonaro, has been failing to investigate him and his government handling of the crisis.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2023 Brazil news website <a href="/wiki/Universo_Online" title="Universo Online"><i>UOL</i></a> reported that the complaints have been advancing inside the Court's prosecution office.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Crackdown">Crackdown</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yanomami_humanitarian_crisis&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Crackdown"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The federal government announced several measures to disband and remove the criminal networks operating in the region from the Yanomami territory, including heavy security and medical staff deployment; <a href="/wiki/Food_supply" class="mw-redirect" title="Food supply">food</a> and <a href="/wiki/Water_supply" title="Water supply">water supplies</a> and garment items to the affected communities and the (re)opening of the indigenous agency <a href="/wiki/Funda%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Nacional_dos_Povos_Ind%C3%ADgenas" title="Fundação Nacional dos Povos Indígenas">Funai</a> outposts in the region. Additionally, a <a href="/wiki/No-fly_zone" title="No-fly zone">no-fly zone</a> was established over the territory.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On February 8, Brazilian environment agency <a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Institute_of_Environment_and_Renewable_Natural_Resources" title="Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources">Ibama</a> launched a massive operation to retake the Yanomami reservation from criminals which included seizing guns, boats and fuel, and destroying <a href="/wiki/Mining_equipment" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining equipment">mining equipment</a>, a helicopter and a jet. The agency also set up an outpost on the <a href="/wiki/Uraricoera_River" title="Uraricoera River">Uraricoera river</a> to stop new supplies from reaching the illegal miners downstream.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of February 6, 2023, 42 helicopters and jets were seized and 28 more were already destroyed by the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Police_of_Brazil" title="Federal Police of Brazil">Brazilian Federal Police</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-www1.folha.uol.com.br_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-www1.folha.uol.com.br-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On February 15, a joint police, prosecutors and <a href="/wiki/Receita_Federal_do_Brasil" title="Receita Federal do Brasil">Federal Revenue of Brazil</a> auditors task force had <span style="white-space: nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_real" title="Brazilian real">R$</a></span>2 billion (<a href="/wiki/USD" class="mw-redirect" title="USD">US$</a>371.06 million) frozen from suspects of operating an international smuggling ring that sent some 13 tonnes of illegally-mined gold into Italy, Switzerland, China and the United Arab Emirates.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of March 21, 2023, the environment and Amazon department of the federal police of Brazil removed almost all of the illegal gold miners within the Yanomami territory. The percentage of the miners removed was estimated to be 85% by the head of the local indigenous health council, Junior Hekurari.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The federal police's operations destroyed 250 miner camps (many already deserted) and 70 dredging rafts, as well as seized about 4,500 litres (1,200 US gal) of fuel and 1.2 kilograms (2.6 lb) of gold. Most of the miners fled before the police eviction operation, but police still apprehended at least 805 miners and 94 boats. They were released in favor of seizing or blocking the resources of those funding the illegal mining and dismantling a network amongst the mining camps that trafficked underage girls. Police are seeking international cooperation to use electronic tax receipts and develop technology that uses <a href="/wiki/Radio_isotopes" class="mw-redirect" title="Radio isotopes">radio isotopes</a> to determine whether gold on the market came from Yanomami territory.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ferries and power generators were seized and destroyed by the Brazilian military and police in September 2023. As of that month illegal mining had been 78,51% down from the previous year according to a report by the Brazilian federal government.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Small grocery chains located in northern Brazil were found to be supplying food to illegal gold miners operating in the Brazilian-Venezuelan border. They would be paid via transactions with legal mining companies who laundered illegally-extracted gold ore.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Escape">Escape</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yanomami_humanitarian_crisis&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Escape"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After a blockade of fuel and food supplies feeding the criminal organizations and a no-fly zone were announced a significant number of illegal miners reportedly gave up on flying and started escaping security forces by land, with some groups trying to cross the border into <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a> and relatively distant <a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a>. Individual flight tickets were reported to be costing 15,000 <a href="/wiki/Brazilian_real" title="Brazilian real">BRL</a> (nearly 3,000 <a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">USD</a>) due to the <a href="/wiki/Siege" title="Siege">military siege</a>, and those who could not afford to take a flight were either trying to leave the reservation by boat or remained stranded as their food supplies ran out, according to reports and insiders.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yanomami_humanitarian_crisis&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_scandals_in_Brazil" title="List of scandals in Brazil">List of scandals in Brazil</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yanomami_humanitarian_crisis&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns 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a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jul/28/amazon-gold-miners-invade-indigenous-village-brazil-leader-killed">"Amazon gold miners invade indigenous village in Brazil after its leader is killed"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. July 28, 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230307140751/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jul/28/amazon-gold-miners-invade-indigenous-village-brazil-leader-killed">Archived</a> from the original on March 7, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 24,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Amazon+gold+miners+invade+indigenous+village+in+Brazil+after+its+leader+is+killed&rft.date=2019-07-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2019%2Fjul%2F28%2Famazon-gold-miners-invade-indigenous-village-brazil-leader-killed&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.mongabay.com/2019/07/yanomami-amazon-reserve-invaded-by-20000-miners-bolsonaro-fails-to-act/">"Yanomami Amazon reserve invaded by 20,000 miners; Bolsonaro fails to act"</a>. <i>Mongabay Environmental News</i>. July 12, 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190802200922/https://news.mongabay.com/2019/07/yanomami-amazon-reserve-invaded-by-20000-miners-bolsonaro-fails-to-act/">Archived</a> from the original on August 2, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 24,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mongabay+Environmental+News&rft.atitle=Yanomami+Amazon+reserve+invaded+by+20%2C000+miners%3B+Bolsonaro+fails+to+act&rft.date=2019-07-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.mongabay.com%2F2019%2F07%2Fyanomami-amazon-reserve-invaded-by-20000-miners-bolsonaro-fails-to-act%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrum2020" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Brum, Eliane (June 24, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brasil.elpais.com/brasil/2020-06-24/maes-yanomami-imploram-pelos-corpos-de-seus-bebes.html">"Mães Yanomami imploram pelos corpos de seus bebês"</a>. <i>El País Brasil</i> (in Portuguese). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230125034707/https://brasil.elpais.com/brasil/2020-06-24/maes-yanomami-imploram-pelos-corpos-de-seus-bebes.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 25, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 24,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=El+Pa%C3%ADs+Brasil&rft.atitle=M%C3%A3es+Yanomami+imploram+pelos+corpos+de+seus+beb%C3%AAs&rft.date=2020-06-24&rft.aulast=Brum&rft.aufirst=Eliane&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbrasil.elpais.com%2Fbrasil%2F2020-06-24%2Fmaes-yanomami-imploram-pelos-corpos-de-seus-bebes.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.camara.leg.br/noticias/618192-debatedores-apontam-risco-de-genocidio-dos-yanomami/">"Debatedores apontam risco de genocídio dos Yanomami - Notícias"</a>. <i>Portal da Câmara dos Deputados</i> (in Portuguese). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230125034704/https://www.camara.leg.br/noticias/618192-debatedores-apontam-risco-de-genocidio-dos-yanomami/">Archived</a> from the original on January 25, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 24,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Portal+da+C%C3%A2mara+dos+Deputados&rft.atitle=Debatedores+apontam+risco+de+genoc%C3%ADdio+dos+Yanomami+-+Not%C3%ADcias&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.camara.leg.br%2Fnoticias%2F618192-debatedores-apontam-risco-de-genocidio-dos-yanomami%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.conjur.com.br/2023-jan-23/paulo-bessa-povos-indigenas-genocidio-serie-omissoes">"Povos indígenas, genocídio e a sequência de omissões do governo Bolsonaro"</a>. <i>Consultor Jurídico</i> (in Portuguese). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230125034704/https://www.conjur.com.br/2023-jan-23/paulo-bessa-povos-indigenas-genocidio-serie-omissoes">Archived</a> from the original on January 25, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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January 23, 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230125034709/https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/evidence-genocide-among-brazils-indigenous-yanomami-says-minister-2023-01-23/">Archived</a> from the original on January 25, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 24,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Evidence+of+%27genocide%27+among+Brazil%27s+indigenous+Yanomami%2C+says+minister&rft.date=2023-01-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Famericas%2Fevidence-genocide-among-brazils-indigenous-yanomami-says-minister-2023-01-23%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeresPomarde_20229h072022" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Peres, João PeresMarcos Hermanson PomarTatiana MerlinoJoão; Pomar, Marcos Hermanson; de 2022, Tatiana Merlino18 de Outubro; 9h07 (October 18, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theintercept.com/2022/10/18/audios-funai-ibama-garimpo-terras-indigenas/">"Em áudio, militares na Funai prometem atropelar Ibama e liberar garimpo em terras indígenas"</a>. <i>The Intercept Brasil</i> (in Portuguese). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230125034706/https://theintercept.com/2022/10/18/audios-funai-ibama-garimpo-terras-indigenas/">Archived</a> from the original on January 25, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 24,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Intercept+Brasil&rft.atitle=Em+%C3%A1udio%2C+militares+na+Funai+prometem+atropelar+Ibama+e+liberar+garimpo+em+terras+ind%C3%ADgenas&rft.date=2022-10-18&rft.aulast=Peres&rft.aufirst=Jo%C3%A3o+PeresMarcos+Hermanson+PomarTatiana+MerlinoJo%C3%A3o&rft.au=Pomar%2C+Marcos+Hermanson&rft.au=de+2022%2C+Tatiana+Merlino18+de+Outubro&rft.au=9h07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftheintercept.com%2F2022%2F10%2F18%2Faudios-funai-ibama-garimpo-terras-indigenas%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLondoño2019" class="citation news cs1">Londoño, Ernesto (January 2, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/02/world/americas/brazil-bolsonaro-president-indigenous-lands.html">"Jair Bolsonaro, on Day 1, Undermines Indigenous Brazilians' Rights"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230125034709/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/02/world/americas/brazil-bolsonaro-president-indigenous-lands.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 25, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 24,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Jair+Bolsonaro%2C+on+Day+1%2C+Undermines+Indigenous+Brazilians%27+Rights&rft.date=2019-01-02&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Londo%C3%B1o&rft.aufirst=Ernesto&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2019%2F01%2F02%2Fworld%2Famericas%2Fbrazil-bolsonaro-president-indigenous-lands.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.mongabay.com/2019/03/brazil-to-open-indigenous-reserves-to-mining-without-indigenous-consent/">"Brazil to open indigenous reserves to mining without indigenous consent"</a>. <i>Mongabay Environmental News</i>. March 14, 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230125034706/https://news.mongabay.com/2019/03/brazil-to-open-indigenous-reserves-to-mining-without-indigenous-consent/">Archived</a> from the original on January 25, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 24,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mongabay+Environmental+News&rft.atitle=Brazil+to+open+indigenous+reserves+to+mining+without+indigenous+consent&rft.date=2019-03-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.mongabay.com%2F2019%2F03%2Fbrazil-to-open-indigenous-reserves-to-mining-without-indigenous-consent%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://congressoemfoco.uol.com.br/area/governo/lula-e-ministros-desembarcam-em-roraima-para-dar-apoio-aos-yanomami/">"Lula e ministros desembarcam em Roraima para dar apoio aos Yanomami"</a>. <i>Congresso em Foco</i> (in Portuguese). January 21, 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230125034712/https://congressoemfoco.uol.com.br/area/governo/lula-e-ministros-desembarcam-em-roraima-para-dar-apoio-aos-yanomami/">Archived</a> from the original on January 25, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 25,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Congresso+em+Foco&rft.atitle=Lula+e+ministros+desembarcam+em+Roraima+para+dar+apoio+aos+Yanomami&rft.date=2023-01-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcongressoemfoco.uol.com.br%2Farea%2Fgoverno%2Flula-e-ministros-desembarcam-em-roraima-para-dar-apoio-aos-yanomami%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uol.com.br/ecoa/colunas/opiniao/2023/02/06/publicacao-ja-apontava-risco-de-genocidio-yanomami-por-gestao-bolsonaro.htm">"Opinião - Publicação já apontava risco de genocídio yanomami por gestão Bolsonaro"</a>. <i>www.uol.com.br</i> (in Portuguese). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230208213936/https://www.uol.com.br/ecoa/colunas/opiniao/2023/02/06/publicacao-ja-apontava-risco-de-genocidio-yanomami-por-gestao-bolsonaro.htm">Archived</a> from the original on February 8, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 8,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.uol.com.br&rft.atitle=Opini%C3%A3o+-+Publica%C3%A7%C3%A3o+j%C3%A1+apontava+risco+de+genoc%C3%ADdio+yanomami+por+gest%C3%A3o+Bolsonaro&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.uol.com.br%2Fecoa%2Fcolunas%2Fopiniao%2F2023%2F02%2F06%2Fpublicacao-ja-apontava-risco-de-genocidio-yanomami-por-gestao-bolsonaro.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFtatianafarah" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">tatianafarah. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.terra.com.br/noticias/brasil/politica/colunistas/tatiana-farah/com-promessa-de-legalizacao-garimpo-explodiu-na-terra-yanomami,42df39b77cc8203e85e8e783df7e340b59enlzqi.html">"Com promessa de legalização, garimpo explodiu na terra yanomami"</a>. <i>Terra</i> (in Portuguese). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230208213937/https://www.terra.com.br/noticias/brasil/politica/colunistas/tatiana-farah/com-promessa-de-legalizacao-garimpo-explodiu-na-terra-yanomami,42df39b77cc8203e85e8e783df7e340b59enlzqi.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 8, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 8,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Terra&rft.atitle=Com+promessa+de+legaliza%C3%A7%C3%A3o%2C+garimpo+explodiu+na+terra+yanomami&rft.au=tatianafarah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.terra.com.br%2Fnoticias%2Fbrasil%2Fpolitica%2Fcolunistas%2Ftatiana-farah%2Fcom-promessa-de-legalizacao-garimpo-explodiu-na-terra-yanomami%2C42df39b77cc8203e85e8e783df7e340b59enlzqi.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://biblioteca.funai.gov.br/media/pdf/Folheto50/FO-CX-50-3224-2003.PDF">"Archived copy"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230129075701/http://biblioteca.funai.gov.br/media/pdf/Folheto50/FO-CX-50-3224-2003.PDF">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on January 29, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 25,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbiblioteca.funai.gov.br%2Fmedia%2Fpdf%2FFolheto50%2FFO-CX-50-3224-2003.PDF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/feb/28/brazilian-force-driving-out-mining-gangs-indigenous-yanomami-territory-bolsonaro">‘A war society doesn’t see’: the Brazilian force driving out mining gangs from Indigenous lands: An elite unit is on a mission to expel the illegal miners who devastated Yanomami territory during Bolsonaro’s presidency</a>, Tom Phillips, The Guardian, 28 Feb 2023</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-www1.folha.uol.com.br-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-www1.folha.uol.com.br_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-www1.folha.uol.com.br_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/cotidiano/2023/02/garimpo-na-terra-yanomami-usa-pistas-em-dezenas-de-fazendas-e-envolve-agentes-politicos-diz-pf.shtml">"Garimpo na terra yanomami usa pistas em dezenas de fazendas e envolve agentes políticos, diz PF"</a>. <i>Folha de S.Paulo</i> (in Portuguese). February 6, 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230208213936/https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/cotidiano/2023/02/garimpo-na-terra-yanomami-usa-pistas-em-dezenas-de-fazendas-e-envolve-agentes-politicos-diz-pf.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on February 8, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 8,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Folha+de+S.Paulo&rft.atitle=Garimpo+na+terra+yanomami+usa+pistas+em+dezenas+de+fazendas+e+envolve+agentes+pol%C3%ADticos%2C+diz+PF&rft.date=2023-02-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww1.folha.uol.com.br%2Fcotidiano%2F2023%2F02%2Fgarimpo-na-terra-yanomami-usa-pistas-em-dezenas-de-fazendas-e-envolve-agentes-politicos-diz-pf.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://amazonasatual.com.br/empresario-usa-licenca-irregular-para-explorar-garimpo-em-area-yanomami/">Empresário usa licença irregular para explorar garimpo em área yanomami</a>, amazonasatual.com.br, December 28, 2022</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/ambiente/2022/12/empresario-bolsonarista-e-denunciado-sob-suspeita-de-chefiar-garimpo-em-area-yanomami.shtml">"Empresário bolsonarista é denunciado sob suspeita de chefiar garimpo em área yanomami"</a>. <i>Folha de S.Paulo</i> (in Portuguese). December 2, 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230208213936/https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/ambiente/2022/12/empresario-bolsonarista-e-denunciado-sob-suspeita-de-chefiar-garimpo-em-area-yanomami.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on February 8, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 8,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Folha+de+S.Paulo&rft.atitle=Empres%C3%A1rio+bolsonarista+%C3%A9+denunciado+sob+suspeita+de+chefiar+garimpo+em+%C3%A1rea+yanomami&rft.date=2022-12-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww1.folha.uol.com.br%2Fambiente%2F2022%2F12%2Fempresario-bolsonarista-e-denunciado-sob-suspeita-de-chefiar-garimpo-em-area-yanomami.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/ambiente/2023/01/heleno-autorizou-acusada-de-receptacao-e-trafico-a-explorar-garimpo-em-area-vizinha-aos-yanomamis.shtml">"Heleno autorizou condenada por tráfico a explorar garimpo em área vizinha aos yanomamis"</a>. <i>Folha de S.Paulo</i> (in Portuguese). January 16, 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230201025458/https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/ambiente/2023/01/heleno-autorizou-acusada-de-receptacao-e-trafico-a-explorar-garimpo-em-area-vizinha-aos-yanomamis.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on February 1, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 1,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Folha+de+S.Paulo&rft.atitle=Heleno+autorizou+condenada+por+tr%C3%A1fico+a+explorar+garimpo+em+%C3%A1rea+vizinha+aos+yanomamis&rft.date=2023-01-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww1.folha.uol.com.br%2Fambiente%2F2023%2F01%2Fheleno-autorizou-acusada-de-receptacao-e-trafico-a-explorar-garimpo-em-area-vizinha-aos-yanomamis.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oglobo.globo.com/economia/alvaro-gribel/post/2023/01/seis-meses-depois-banco-central-nao-criou-grupo-de-trabalho-para-combater-o-ouro-ilegal.ghtml">"Seis meses depois, Banco Central não criou grupo de trabalho para combater o ouro ilegal"</a>. <i>O Globo</i> (in Portuguese). January 27, 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230205164215/https://oglobo.globo.com/economia/alvaro-gribel/post/2023/01/seis-meses-depois-banco-central-nao-criou-grupo-de-trabalho-para-combater-o-ouro-ilegal.ghtml">Archived</a> from the original on February 5, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 5,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=O+Globo&rft.atitle=Seis+meses+depois%2C+Banco+Central+n%C3%A3o+criou+grupo+de+trabalho+para+combater+o+ouro+ilegal&rft.date=2023-01-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Foglobo.globo.com%2Feconomia%2Falvaro-gribel%2Fpost%2F2023%2F01%2Fseis-meses-depois-banco-central-nao-criou-grupo-de-trabalho-para-combater-o-ouro-ilegal.ghtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.mongabay.com/2022/08/raids-reveal-how-illegal-gold-from-indigenous-lands-gets-laundered-in-brazil/">"Raids reveal how illegal gold from Indigenous lands gets laundered in Brazil"</a>. <i>Mongabay Environmental News</i>. August 29, 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230205164210/https://news.mongabay.com/2022/08/raids-reveal-how-illegal-gold-from-indigenous-lands-gets-laundered-in-brazil/">Archived</a> from the original on February 5, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 5,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mongabay+Environmental+News&rft.atitle=Raids+reveal+how+illegal+gold+from+Indigenous+lands+gets+laundered+in+Brazil&rft.date=2022-08-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.mongabay.com%2F2022%2F08%2Fraids-reveal-how-illegal-gold-from-indigenous-lands-gets-laundered-in-brazil%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oglobo.globo.com/economia/alvaro-gribel/post/2023/01/como-bolsonaro-gastou-os-recursos-da-saude-indigena-ong-evangelica-ganhou-r-842-milhoes.ghtml">"Como Bolsonaro gastou os recursos da saúde indígena? ONG evangélica ganhou R$ 872 milhões"</a>. <i>O Globo</i> (in Portuguese). January 24, 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127170531/https://oglobo.globo.com/economia/alvaro-gribel/post/2023/01/como-bolsonaro-gastou-os-recursos-da-saude-indigena-ong-evangelica-ganhou-r-842-milhoes.ghtml">Archived</a> from the original on January 27, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 28,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=O+Globo&rft.atitle=Como+Bolsonaro+gastou+os+recursos+da+sa%C3%BAde+ind%C3%ADgena%3F+ONG+evang%C3%A9lica+ganhou+R%24+872+milh%C3%B5es&rft.date=2023-01-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Foglobo.globo.com%2Feconomia%2Falvaro-gribel%2Fpost%2F2023%2F01%2Fcomo-bolsonaro-gastou-os-recursos-da-saude-indigena-ong-evangelica-ganhou-r-842-milhoes.ghtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oglobo.globo.com/brasil/noticia/2023/01/plano-do-ibama-para-tirar-garimpeiros-de-terra-ianomami-em-seis-meses-nao-foi-aplicado-no-governo-bolsonaro-diz-mpf.ghtml">"Plano do Ibama para tirar garimpeiros de terra ianomâmi em seis meses não foi aplicado no governo Bolsonaro, diz MPF"</a>. <i>O Globo</i> (in Portuguese). January 24, 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230128122542/https://oglobo.globo.com/brasil/noticia/2023/01/plano-do-ibama-para-tirar-garimpeiros-de-terra-ianomami-em-seis-meses-nao-foi-aplicado-no-governo-bolsonaro-diz-mpf.ghtml">Archived</a> from the original on January 28, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 28,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=O+Globo&rft.atitle=Plano+do+Ibama+para+tirar+garimpeiros+de+terra+ianom%C3%A2mi+em+seis+meses+n%C3%A3o+foi+aplicado+no+governo+Bolsonaro%2C+diz+MPF&rft.date=2023-01-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Foglobo.globo.com%2Fbrasil%2Fnoticia%2F2023%2F01%2Fplano-do-ibama-para-tirar-garimpeiros-de-terra-ianomami-em-seis-meses-nao-foi-aplicado-no-governo-bolsonaro-diz-mpf.ghtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cartacapital.com.br/sociedade/internet-de-elon-musk-e-vendida-a-garimpeiros-da-terra-yanomami-por-compradores-de-ouro-ilegal/">"Internet de Elon Musk é vendida a garimpeiros da terra Yanomami por compradores de ouro ilegal"</a>. <i>CartaCapital</i> (in Portuguese). February 20, 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230222193333/https://www.cartacapital.com.br/sociedade/internet-de-elon-musk-e-vendida-a-garimpeiros-da-terra-yanomami-por-compradores-de-ouro-ilegal/">Archived</a> from the original on February 22, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 22,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CartaCapital&rft.atitle=Internet+de+Elon+Musk+%C3%A9+vendida+a+garimpeiros+da+terra+Yanomami+por+compradores+de+ouro+ilegal&rft.date=2023-02-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cartacapital.com.br%2Fsociedade%2Finternet-de-elon-musk-e-vendida-a-garimpeiros-da-terra-yanomami-por-compradores-de-ouro-ilegal%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zdnet.com/home-and-office/networking/brazil-announces-partnership-with-elon-musk-to-connect-amazon-rainforest/">"Brazil announces partnership with Elon Musk to connect Amazon rainforest"</a>. <i>ZDNET</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230222193338/https://www.zdnet.com/home-and-office/networking/brazil-announces-partnership-with-elon-musk-to-connect-amazon-rainforest/">Archived</a> from the original on February 22, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 22,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ZDNET&rft.atitle=Brazil+announces+partnership+with+Elon+Musk+to+connect+Amazon+rainforest&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.zdnet.com%2Fhome-and-office%2Fnetworking%2Fbrazil-announces-partnership-with-elon-musk-to-connect-amazon-rainforest%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/cotidiano/2023/02/yanomamis-tem-danos-severos-no-figado-por-malaria-e-enfrentam-falta-de-medicamentos.shtml">"Yanomamis têm danos severos no fígado por malária e enfrentam falta de medicamentos"</a>. <i>Folha de S.Paulo</i> (in Portuguese). February 1, 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230202202154/https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/cotidiano/2023/02/yanomamis-tem-danos-severos-no-figado-por-malaria-e-enfrentam-falta-de-medicamentos.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on February 2, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 2,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Folha+de+S.Paulo&rft.atitle=Yanomamis+t%C3%AAm+danos+severos+no+f%C3%ADgado+por+mal%C3%A1ria+e+enfrentam+falta+de+medicamentos&rft.date=2023-02-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww1.folha.uol.com.br%2Fcotidiano%2F2023%2F02%2Fyanomamis-tem-danos-severos-no-figado-por-malaria-e-enfrentam-falta-de-medicamentos.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/equilibrioesaude/2023/01/ministerio-da-saude-quer-eliminar-hanseniase-e-outras-doencas-ligadas-a-pobreza.shtml">"Ministério da Saúde quer eliminar hanseníase e outras doenças ligadas à pobreza"</a>. <i>Folha de S.Paulo</i> (in Portuguese). January 21, 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230205164208/https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/equilibrioesaude/2023/01/ministerio-da-saude-quer-eliminar-hanseniase-e-outras-doencas-ligadas-a-pobreza.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on February 5, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 5,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Folha+de+S.Paulo&rft.atitle=Minist%C3%A9rio+da+Sa%C3%BAde+quer+eliminar+hansen%C3%ADase+e+outras+doen%C3%A7as+ligadas+%C3%A0+pobreza&rft.date=2023-01-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww1.folha.uol.com.br%2Fequilibrioesaude%2F2023%2F01%2Fministerio-da-saude-quer-eliminar-hanseniase-e-outras-doencas-ligadas-a-pobreza.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndrade2023" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Andrade, Jéssica (January 31, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.correiobraziliense.com.br/brasil/2023/01/5070195-garimpeiros-prometem-comida-perfume-e-ouro-para-abusarem-de-meninas-ianomamis.html">"Garimpeiros prometem comida, perfume e ouro para abusarem de meninas ianomâmis"</a>. <i>Brasil</i> (in Portuguese). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230201025455/https://www.correiobraziliense.com.br/brasil/2023/01/5070195-garimpeiros-prometem-comida-perfume-e-ouro-para-abusarem-de-meninas-ianomamis.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 1, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 1,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Brasil&rft.atitle=Garimpeiros+prometem+comida%2C+perfume+e+ouro+para+abusarem+de+meninas+ianom%C3%A2mis&rft.date=2023-01-31&rft.aulast=Andrade&rft.aufirst=J%C3%A9ssica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.correiobraziliense.com.br%2Fbrasil%2F2023%2F01%2F5070195-garimpeiros-prometem-comida-perfume-e-ouro-para-abusarem-de-meninas-ianomamis.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeirelles" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Meirelles, Matheus. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/politica/governo-federal-apura-adocoes-ilegais-e-exploracao-sexual-infantil-em-territorio-yanomami/">"Governo Federal apura adoções ilegais e exploração sexual infantil em território Yanomami"</a>. <i>CNN Brasil</i> (in Portuguese). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230201025458/https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/politica/governo-federal-apura-adocoes-ilegais-e-exploracao-sexual-infantil-em-territorio-yanomami/">Archived</a> from the original on February 1, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 1,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN+Brasil&rft.atitle=Governo+Federal+apura+ado%C3%A7%C3%B5es+ilegais+e+explora%C3%A7%C3%A3o+sexual+infantil+em+territ%C3%B3rio+Yanomami&rft.aulast=Meirelles&rft.aufirst=Matheus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnnbrasil.com.br%2Fpolitica%2Fgoverno-federal-apura-adocoes-ilegais-e-exploracao-sexual-infantil-em-territorio-yanomami%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://agenciabrasil.ebc.com.br/direitos-humanos/noticia/2023-02/relatos-apontam-30-casos-de-jovens-yanomami-gravidas-de-garimpeiros">"Relatos apontam 30 casos de jovens yanomami grávidas de garimpeiros"</a>. <i>Agência Brasil</i> (in Portuguese). February 2, 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230208213936/https://agenciabrasil.ebc.com.br/direitos-humanos/noticia/2023-02/relatos-apontam-30-casos-de-jovens-yanomami-gravidas-de-garimpeiros">Archived</a> from the original on February 8, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 8,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ag%C3%AAncia+Brasil&rft.atitle=Relatos+apontam+30+casos+de+jovens+yanomami+gr%C3%A1vidas+de+garimpeiros&rft.date=2023-02-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fagenciabrasil.ebc.com.br%2Fdireitos-humanos%2Fnoticia%2F2023-02%2Frelatos-apontam-30-casos-de-jovens-yanomami-gravidas-de-garimpeiros&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://noticias.uol.com.br/ultimas-noticias/afp/2023/01/21/quase-100-criancas-do-povo-yanomami-morreram-em-2022.htm">"Quase 100 crianças do povo Yanomami morreram em 2022"</a>. <i>noticias.uol.com.br</i> (in Portuguese). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230126012750/https://noticias.uol.com.br/ultimas-noticias/afp/2023/01/21/quase-100-criancas-do-povo-yanomami-morreram-em-2022.htm">Archived</a> from the original on January 26, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 28,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=noticias.uol.com.br&rft.atitle=Quase+100+crian%C3%A7as+do+povo+Yanomami+morreram+em+2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnoticias.uol.com.br%2Fultimas-noticias%2Fafp%2F2023%2F01%2F21%2Fquase-100-criancas-do-povo-yanomami-morreram-em-2022.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPoder3602023" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Poder360 (January 23, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.poder360.com.br/saude/33-das-mortes-de-criancas-yanomamis-foram-por-pneumonia/">"33% das mortes de crianças yanomamis foram por pneumonia"</a>. <i>Poder360</i> (in Portuguese). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127015258/https://www.poder360.com.br/saude/33-das-mortes-de-criancas-yanomamis-foram-por-pneumonia/">Archived</a> from the original on January 27, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 28,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Poder360&rft.atitle=33%25+das+mortes+de+crian%C3%A7as+yanomamis+foram+por+pneumonia&rft.date=2023-01-23&rft.au=Poder360&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.poder360.com.br%2Fsaude%2F33-das-mortes-de-criancas-yanomamis-foram-por-pneumonia%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cultura.uol.com.br/cenarium/2023/01/23/209705_morte-fome-e-destruicao-conflito-historico-dos-yanomami-contra-o-garimpo-ilegal.html">"Morte, fome e destruição: conflito histórico dos Yanomami contra o garimpo ilegal"</a>. <i>TV Cultura</i> (in Portuguese). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230124093409/https://cultura.uol.com.br/cenarium/2023/01/23/209705_morte-fome-e-destruicao-conflito-historico-dos-yanomami-contra-o-garimpo-ilegal.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 24, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 28,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TV+Cultura&rft.atitle=Morte%2C+fome+e+destrui%C3%A7%C3%A3o%3A+conflito+hist%C3%B3rico+dos+Yanomami+contra+o+garimpo+ilegal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcultura.uol.com.br%2Fcenarium%2F2023%2F01%2F23%2F209705_morte-fome-e-destruicao-conflito-historico-dos-yanomami-contra-o-garimpo-ilegal.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/brazil-declares-emergency-over-deaths-yanomami-children-malnutrition-2023-01-22/">"Brazil declares emergency over deaths of Yanomami children from malnutrition"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. January 22, 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230124232514/https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/brazil-declares-emergency-over-deaths-yanomami-children-malnutrition-2023-01-22/">Archived</a> from the original on January 24, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 25,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Brazil+declares+emergency+over+deaths+of+Yanomami+children+from+malnutrition&rft.date=2023-01-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Famericas%2Fbrazil-declares-emergency-over-deaths-yanomami-children-malnutrition-2023-01-22%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAmaral" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Amaral, Eduardo Hahon, Luciana. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/politica/lula-viaja-a-roraima-neste-sabado-21-para-visitar-indigenas-yanomami/">"Lula viaja a Roraima neste sábado (21) para visitar indígenas Yanomami"</a>. <i>CNN Brasil</i> (in Portuguese). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230125034709/https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/politica/lula-viaja-a-roraima-neste-sabado-21-para-visitar-indigenas-yanomami/">Archived</a> from the original on January 25, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 24,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN+Brasil&rft.atitle=Lula+viaja+a+Roraima+neste+s%C3%A1bado+%2821%29+para+visitar+ind%C3%ADgenas+Yanomami&rft.aulast=Amaral&rft.aufirst=Eduardo+Hahon%2C+Luciana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnnbrasil.com.br%2Fpolitica%2Flula-viaja-a-roraima-neste-sabado-21-para-visitar-indigenas-yanomami%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://g1.globo.com/rr/roraima/noticia/2023/01/24/hospital-de-campanha-para-atender-indigenas-yanomami-comeca-a-ser-montado-em-boa-vista.ghtml">"Hospital de campanha para atender indígenas Yanomami começa a ser montado em Boa Vista"</a>. <i>G1</i> (in Portuguese). January 25, 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230201020351/https://g1.globo.com/rr/roraima/noticia/2023/01/24/hospital-de-campanha-para-atender-indigenas-yanomami-comeca-a-ser-montado-em-boa-vista.ghtml">Archived</a> from the original on February 1, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 1,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=G1&rft.atitle=Hospital+de+campanha+para+atender+ind%C3%ADgenas+Yanomami+come%C3%A7a+a+ser+montado+em+Boa+Vista&rft.date=2023-01-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fg1.globo.com%2Frr%2Froraima%2Fnoticia%2F2023%2F01%2F24%2Fhospital-de-campanha-para-atender-indigenas-yanomami-comeca-a-ser-montado-em-boa-vista.ghtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://g1.globo.com/rr/roraima/noticia/2023/01/27/hospital-de-campanha-para-atender-yanomami-doentes-comeca-a-funcionar-em-boa-vista.ghtml">"Hospital de Campanha para atender Yanomami doentes começa a funcionar em Boa Vista"</a>. <i>G1</i> (in Portuguese). January 27, 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230201020400/https://g1.globo.com/rr/roraima/noticia/2023/01/27/hospital-de-campanha-para-atender-yanomami-doentes-comeca-a-funcionar-em-boa-vista.ghtml">Archived</a> from the original on February 1, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 1,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=G1&rft.atitle=Hospital+de+Campanha+para+atender+Yanomami+doentes+come%C3%A7a+a+funcionar+em+Boa+Vista&rft.date=2023-01-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fg1.globo.com%2Frr%2Froraima%2Fnoticia%2F2023%2F01%2F27%2Fhospital-de-campanha-para-atender-yanomami-doentes-comeca-a-funcionar-em-boa-vista.ghtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oglobo.globo.com/brasil/noticia/2023/01/governo-envia-4-toneladas-de-alimentos-para-yanomamis.ghtml">"Governo envia 4 toneladas de alimentos para Ianomâmis"</a>. <i>O Globo</i> (in Portuguese). January 23, 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230201020351/https://oglobo.globo.com/brasil/noticia/2023/01/governo-envia-4-toneladas-de-alimentos-para-yanomamis.ghtml">Archived</a> from the original on February 1, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 1,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=O+Globo&rft.atitle=Governo+envia+4+toneladas+de+alimentos+para+Ianom%C3%A2mis&rft.date=2023-01-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Foglobo.globo.com%2Fbrasil%2Fnoticia%2F2023%2F01%2Fgoverno-envia-4-toneladas-de-alimentos-para-yanomamis.ghtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://g1.globo.com/rr/roraima/noticia/2023/01/24/mais-de-mil-indigenas-yanomami-em-estado-grave-foram-resgatados-nos-ultimos-dias-diz-secretario.ghtml">"Mais de mil indígenas Yanomami em estado grave foram resgatados nos últimos dias, diz secretário"</a>. <i>G1</i> (in Brazilian Portuguese). January 24, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 7,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=G1&rft.atitle=Mais+de+mil+ind%C3%ADgenas+Yanomami+em+estado+grave+foram+resgatados+nos+%C3%BAltimos+dias%2C+diz+secret%C3%A1rio&rft.date=2023-01-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fg1.globo.com%2Frr%2Froraima%2Fnoticia%2F2023%2F01%2F24%2Fmais-de-mil-indigenas-yanomami-em-estado-grave-foram-resgatados-nos-ultimos-dias-diz-secretario.ghtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://g1.globo.com/rr/roraima/noticia/2023/01/30/fiocruz-pede-que-ministerio-da-saude-apure-se-medicamentos-de-malaria-para-yanomami-sao-vendidos-por-garimpeiros.ghtml">"Fiocruz relata que remédios para malária destinado a Yanomami foram desviados para garimpeiros"</a>. <i>G1</i> (in Portuguese). January 30, 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230201020402/https://g1.globo.com/rr/roraima/noticia/2023/01/30/fiocruz-pede-que-ministerio-da-saude-apure-se-medicamentos-de-malaria-para-yanomami-sao-vendidos-por-garimpeiros.ghtml">Archived</a> from the original on February 1, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 1,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=G1&rft.atitle=Fiocruz+relata+que+rem%C3%A9dios+para+mal%C3%A1ria+destinado+a+Yanomami+foram+desviados+para+garimpeiros&rft.date=2023-01-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fg1.globo.com%2Frr%2Froraima%2Fnoticia%2F2023%2F01%2F30%2Ffiocruz-pede-que-ministerio-da-saude-apure-se-medicamentos-de-malaria-para-yanomami-sao-vendidos-por-garimpeiros.ghtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://noticias.uol.com.br/politica/ultimas-noticias/2023/01/30/stf-determina-apuracao-contra-autoridades-da-gestao-bolsonaro-por-genocidio.htm">"STF manda investigar autoridades da gestão Bolsonaro por suposto genocídio"</a>. <i>noticias.uol.com.br</i> (in Portuguese). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230205164213/https://noticias.uol.com.br/politica/ultimas-noticias/2023/01/30/stf-determina-apuracao-contra-autoridades-da-gestao-bolsonaro-por-genocidio.htm">Archived</a> from the original on February 5, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 5,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=noticias.uol.com.br&rft.atitle=STF+manda+investigar+autoridades+da+gest%C3%A3o+Bolsonaro+por+suposto+genoc%C3%ADdio&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnoticias.uol.com.br%2Fpolitica%2Fultimas-noticias%2F2023%2F01%2F30%2Fstf-determina-apuracao-contra-autoridades-da-gestao-bolsonaro-por-genocidio.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://noticias.uol.com.br/politica/ultimas-noticias/2019/11/28/bolsonaro-e-denunciado-a-tribunal-internacional-por-ataques-contra-indios.htm">"Bolsonaro é denunciado a tribunal internacional por "ataques contra índios" [28/11/2019]"</a>. <i>noticias.uol.com.br</i> (in Brazilian Portuguese)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 6,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=noticias.uol.com.br&rft.atitle=Bolsonaro+%C3%A9+denunciado+a+tribunal+internacional+por+%22ataques+contra+%C3%ADndios%22+%5B28%2F11%2F2019%5D&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnoticias.uol.com.br%2Fpolitica%2Fultimas-noticias%2F2019%2F11%2F28%2Fbolsonaro-e-denunciado-a-tribunal-internacional-por-ataques-contra-indios.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOliveira2021" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Oliveira, Joana (July 1, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brasil.elpais.com/brasil/2021-07-01/acao-contra-bolsonaro-da-passo-inedito-no-tribunal-penal-internacional-enquanto-indigenas-se-preparam-para-denuncia-lo-por-genocidio-e-ecocidio-na-corte.html">"Ação contra Bolsonaro avança em Haia, e indígenas vão denunciá-lo por genocídio e por ecocídio"</a>. <i>El País Brasil</i> (in Brazilian Portuguese)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 6,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=El+Pa%C3%ADs+Brasil&rft.atitle=A%C3%A7%C3%A3o+contra+Bolsonaro+avan%C3%A7a+em+Haia%2C+e+ind%C3%ADgenas+v%C3%A3o+denunci%C3%A1-lo+por+genoc%C3%ADdio+e+por+ecoc%C3%ADdio&rft.date=2021-07-01&rft.aulast=Oliveira&rft.aufirst=Joana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbrasil.elpais.com%2Fbrasil%2F2021-07-01%2Facao-contra-bolsonaro-da-passo-inedito-no-tribunal-penal-internacional-enquanto-indigenas-se-preparam-para-denuncia-lo-por-genocidio-e-ecocidio-na-corte.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOliveira2021" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Oliveira, Joana (July 1, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brasil.elpais.com/brasil/2021-07-01/acao-contra-bolsonaro-da-passo-inedito-no-tribunal-penal-internacional-enquanto-indigenas-se-preparam-para-denuncia-lo-por-genocidio-e-ecocidio-na-corte.html">"Ação contra Bolsonaro avança em Haia, e indígenas vão denunciá-lo por genocídio e por ecocídio"</a>. <i>El País Brasil</i> (in Brazilian Portuguese)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 6,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=El+Pa%C3%ADs+Brasil&rft.atitle=A%C3%A7%C3%A3o+contra+Bolsonaro+avan%C3%A7a+em+Haia%2C+e+ind%C3%ADgenas+v%C3%A3o+denunci%C3%A1-lo+por+genoc%C3%ADdio+e+por+ecoc%C3%ADdio&rft.date=2021-07-01&rft.aulast=Oliveira&rft.aufirst=Joana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbrasil.elpais.com%2Fbrasil%2F2021-07-01%2Facao-contra-bolsonaro-da-passo-inedito-no-tribunal-penal-internacional-enquanto-indigenas-se-preparam-para-denuncia-lo-por-genocidio-e-ecocidio-na-corte.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://noticias.uol.com.br/colunas/jamil-chade/2023/04/25/em-haia-denuncia-contra-bolsonaro-ganha-forca-e-mobiliza-investigadores.htm">"Jamil Chade - Em Haia, denúncia contra Bolsonaro ganha força e mobiliza investigadores"</a>. <i>noticias.uol.com.br</i> (in Brazilian Portuguese)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 6,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=noticias.uol.com.br&rft.atitle=Jamil+Chade+-+Em+Haia%2C+den%C3%BAncia+contra+Bolsonaro+ganha+for%C3%A7a+e+mobiliza+investigadores&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnoticias.uol.com.br%2Fcolunas%2Fjamil-chade%2F2023%2F04%2F25%2Fem-haia-denuncia-contra-bolsonaro-ganha-forca-e-mobiliza-investigadores.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rfi.fr/en/international-news/20230201-brazilian-army-deploys-to-protect-indigenous-yanomami">"Brazilian army deploys to protect Indigenous Yanomami"</a>. <i>RFI</i>. February 1, 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230201210346/https://www.rfi.fr/en/international-news/20230201-brazilian-army-deploys-to-protect-indigenous-yanomami">Archived</a> from the original on February 1, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 5,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RFI&rft.atitle=Brazilian+army+deploys+to+protect+Indigenous+Yanomami&rft.date=2023-02-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rfi.fr%2Fen%2Finternational-news%2F20230201-brazilian-army-deploys-to-protect-indigenous-yanomami&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://veja.abril.com.br/coluna/radar/com-decreto-lula-autoriza-megaoperacao-militar-de-socorro-a-yanomamis/">"Com decreto, Lula autoriza megaoperação de socorro aos ianomâmis | Radar"</a>. <i>VEJA</i> (in Portuguese). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230205164213/https://veja.abril.com.br/coluna/radar/com-decreto-lula-autoriza-megaoperacao-militar-de-socorro-a-yanomamis/">Archived</a> from the original on February 5, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 5,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=VEJA&rft.atitle=Com+decreto%2C+Lula+autoriza+megaopera%C3%A7%C3%A3o+de+socorro+aos+ianom%C3%A2mis+%7C+Radar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fveja.abril.com.br%2Fcoluna%2Fradar%2Fcom-decreto-lula-autoriza-megaoperacao-militar-de-socorro-a-yanomamis%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSilva" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Silva, Brenda. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/nacional/lula-autoriza-controle-do-espaco-aereo-de-territorio-yanomami-e-abertura-de-postos-da-funai/">"Lula autoriza controle do espaço aéreo de território Yanomami e abertura de postos da Funai"</a>. <i>CNN Brasil</i> (in Portuguese). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230205164213/https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/nacional/lula-autoriza-controle-do-espaco-aereo-de-territorio-yanomami-e-abertura-de-postos-da-funai/">Archived</a> from the original on February 5, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 5,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN+Brasil&rft.atitle=Lula+autoriza+controle+do+espa%C3%A7o+a%C3%A9reo+de+territ%C3%B3rio+Yanomami+e+abertura+de+postos+da+Funai&rft.aulast=Silva&rft.aufirst=Brenda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnnbrasil.com.br%2Fnacional%2Flula-autoriza-controle-do-espaco-aereo-de-territorio-yanomami-e-abertura-de-postos-da-funai%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://g1.globo.com/rr/roraima/noticia/2023/02/08/ibama-destroi-aviao-trator-e-combustivel-em-terra-yanomami.ghtml">"Operação destrói avião, trator e apreende combustível de garimpeiros no território Yanomami"</a>. <i>G1</i> (in Portuguese). February 8, 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230208213936/https://g1.globo.com/rr/roraima/noticia/2023/02/08/ibama-destroi-aviao-trator-e-combustivel-em-terra-yanomami.ghtml">Archived</a> from the original on February 8, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 8,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=G1&rft.atitle=Opera%C3%A7%C3%A3o+destr%C3%B3i+avi%C3%A3o%2C+trator+e+apreende+combust%C3%ADvel+de+garimpeiros+no+territ%C3%B3rio+Yanomami&rft.date=2023-02-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fg1.globo.com%2Frr%2Froraima%2Fnoticia%2F2023%2F02%2F08%2Fibama-destroi-aviao-trator-e-combustivel-em-terra-yanomami.ghtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.band.uol.com.br/bandnews-fm/noticias/justica-bloqueia-r-2-bilhoes-de-quadrilha-que-contrabandeava-ouro-da-amazonia-16582623">"Justiça bloqueia R$ 2 bilhões de quadrilha que contrabandeava ouro da Amazônia"</a>. <i>www.band.uol.com.br</i> (in Portuguese). February 15, 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230215230423/https://www.band.uol.com.br/bandnews-fm/noticias/justica-bloqueia-r-2-bilhoes-de-quadrilha-que-contrabandeava-ouro-da-amazonia-16582623">Archived</a> from the original on February 15, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 15,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.band.uol.com.br&rft.atitle=Justi%C3%A7a+bloqueia+R%24+2+bilh%C3%B5es+de+quadrilha+que+contrabandeava+ouro+da+Amaz%C3%B4nia&rft.date=2023-02-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.band.uol.com.br%2Fbandnews-fm%2Fnoticias%2Fjustica-bloqueia-r-2-bilhoes-de-quadrilha-que-contrabandeava-ouro-da-amazonia-16582623&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoadleBrito2023" class="citation web cs1">Boadle, Anthony; Brito, Ricardo (March 22, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/business/environment/brazil-evicts-miners-yanomami-territory-prepares-more-removals-2023-03-21/">"Brazil evicts miners from Yanomami territory, prepares for more removals"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230401214030/https://www.reuters.com/business/environment/brazil-evicts-miners-yanomami-territory-prepares-more-removals-2023-03-21/">Archived</a> from the original on April 1, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Brazil+evicts+miners+from+Yanomami+territory%2C+prepares+for+more+removals&rft.date=2023-03-22&rft.aulast=Boadle&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft.au=Brito%2C+Ricardo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fbusiness%2Fenvironment%2Fbrazil-evicts-miners-yanomami-territory-prepares-more-removals-2023-03-21%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://g1.globo.com/rr/roraima/noticia/2023/09/16/operacao-prende-garimpeiros-e-destroi-balsas-e-geradores-usados-em-garimpo-na-terra-yanomami.ghtml">"Operação prende garimpeiros e destrói balsas e geradores usados em garimpo na Terra Yanomami"</a>. <i>G1</i> (in Brazilian Portuguese). September 16, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 7,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=G1&rft.atitle=Opera%C3%A7%C3%A3o+prende+garimpeiros+e+destr%C3%B3i+balsas+e+geradores+usados+em+garimpo+na+Terra+Yanomami&rft.date=2023-09-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fg1.globo.com%2Frr%2Froraima%2Fnoticia%2F2023%2F09%2F16%2Foperacao-prende-garimpeiros-e-destroi-balsas-e-geradores-usados-em-garimpo-na-terra-yanomami.ghtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://g1.globo.com/rr/roraima/noticia/2023/09/20/pf-mira-suspeitos-de-movimentar-quase-r-6-bilhoes-em-contrabando-de-ouro-e-garimpo-na-terra-yanomami.ghtml">"PF mira suspeitos de movimentar quase R$ 6 bilhões em contrabando de ouro e garimpo na Terra Yanomami"</a>. <i>G1</i> (in Brazilian Portuguese). September 20, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 7,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=G1&rft.atitle=PF+mira+suspeitos+de+movimentar+quase+R%24+6+bilh%C3%B5es+em+contrabando+de+ouro+e+garimpo+na+Terra+Yanomami&rft.date=2023-09-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fg1.globo.com%2Frr%2Froraima%2Fnoticia%2F2023%2F09%2F20%2Fpf-mira-suspeitos-de-movimentar-quase-r-6-bilhoes-em-contrabando-de-ouro-e-garimpo-na-terra-yanomami.ghtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYanomami+humanitarian+crisis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/cotidiano/2023/02/garimpo-na-terra-yanomami-vive-inflacao-no-preco-de-voo-clandestino-e-busca-de-fuga-a-pais-vizinho.shtml">"Garimpo na terra yanomami vive inflação no preço de voo clandestino e busca de fuga a país vizinho"</a>. <i>Folha de S.Paulo</i> (in Portuguese). February 5, 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230205164212/https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/cotidiano/2023/02/garimpo-na-terra-yanomami-vive-inflacao-no-preco-de-voo-clandestino-e-busca-de-fuga-a-pais-vizinho.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on February 5, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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