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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "//www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><title>Romans 9:5 Theirs are the patriarchs, and from them proceeds the human descent of Christ, who is God over all, forever worthy of praise! Amen.</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/romans/9-5.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/new9.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://biblehub.com/visuals/10/45_Rom_09_05.jpg" /><meta property="og:title" content="Romans 9:5 - Paul's Concern for the Jews" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="Bible Hub" /><meta property="og:description" content="Theirs are the patriarchs, and from them proceeds the human descent of Christ, who is God over all, forever worthy of praise! 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Amen. <a href="/nlt/romans/9.htm">New Living Translation</a> Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob are their ancestors, and Christ himself was an Israelite as far as his human nature is concerned. And he is God, the one who rules over everything and is worthy of eternal praise! Amen. <a href="/esv/romans/9.htm">English Standard Version</a> To them belong the patriarchs, and from their race, according to the flesh, is the Christ, who is God over all, blessed forever. Amen. <a href="/bsb/romans/9.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a> Theirs are the patriarchs, and from them proceeds the human descent of Christ, who is God over all, forever worthy of praise! Amen. <a href="/blb/romans/9.htm">Berean Literal Bible</a> whose are the patriarchs; and from whom is Christ according to the flesh, being God over all, blessed to the ages. Amen. <a href="/kjv/romans/9.htm">King James Bible</a> Whose are the fathers, and of whom as concerning the flesh Christ came, who is over all, God blessed for ever. Amen. <a href="/nkjv/romans/9.htm">New King James Version</a> of whom are the fathers and from whom, according to the flesh, Christ came, who is over all, the eternally blessed God. Amen. <a href="/nasb_/romans/9.htm">New American Standard Bible</a> whose are the fathers, and from whom is the Christ according to the flesh, who is over all, God blessed forever. Amen. <a href="/nasb/romans/9.htm">NASB 1995</a> whose are the fathers, and from whom is the Christ according to the flesh, who is over all, God blessed forever. Amen. <a href="/nasb77/romans/9.htm">NASB 1977 </a> whose are the fathers, and from whom is the Christ according to the flesh, who is over all, God blessed forever. Amen. <a href="/lsb/romans/9.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a> whose are the fathers, and from whom is the Christ according to the flesh, who is God over all, blessed forever. Amen. <a href="/amp/romans/9.htm">Amplified Bible</a> To them belong the patriarchs, and from them, according to His natural descent, came the Christ (the Messiah, the Anointed), He who is exalted and supreme over all, God blessed forever. Amen. <a href="/csb/romans/9.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a> The ancestors are theirs, and from them, by physical descent, came the Christ, who is God over all, praised forever. Amen. <a href="/hcsb/romans/9.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a> The ancestors are theirs, and from them, by physical descent, came the Messiah, who is God over all, praised forever. Amen. <a href="/asv/romans/9.htm">American Standard Version</a> whose are the fathers, and of whom is Christ as concerning the flesh, who is over all, God blessed for ever. Amen. <a href="/cev/romans/9.htm">Contemporary English Version</a> They have those famous ancestors, who were also the ancestors of the Christ. I pray that God, who rules over all, will be praised forever! Amen. <a href="/erv/romans/9.htm">English Revised Version</a> whose are the fathers, and of whom is Christ as concerning the flesh, who is over all, God blessed for ever. Amen. <a href="/gwt/romans/9.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a> The Messiah is descended from their ancestors according to his human nature. The Messiah is God over everything, forever blessed. Amen. <a href="/gnt/romans/9.htm">Good News Translation</a> they are descended from the famous Hebrew ancestors; and Christ, as a human being, belongs to their race. May God, who rules over all, be praised forever! Amen. <a href="/isv/romans/9.htm">International Standard Version</a> To the Israelis belong the patriarchs, and from them, the Messiah descended, who is God over all, the one who is forever blessed. Amen. <a href="/msb/romans/9.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a> Theirs are the patriarchs, and from them proceeds the human descent of Christ, who is God over all, forever worthy of praise! Amen. <a href="/net/romans/9.htm">NET Bible</a> To them belong the patriarchs, and from them, by human descent, came the Christ, who is God over all, blessed forever! Amen. <a href="/nheb/romans/9.htm">New Heart English Bible</a> of whom are the patriarchs, and from whom is the Christ, as concerning the flesh, who is over all, God, blessed forever. Amen. <a href="/wbt/romans/9.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a> Whose are the fathers, and from whom according to the flesh, Christ came, who is over all, God blessed for ever. Amen. <a href="/wey/romans/9.htm">Weymouth New Testament</a> To them the Patriarchs belong, and from them in respect of His human lineage came the Christ, who is exalted above all, God blessed throughout the Ages. Amen. <a href="/web/romans/9.htm">World English Bible</a> of whom are the fathers, and from whom is Christ as concerning the flesh, who is over all, God, blessed forever. Amen. <div class="vheading2">Literal Translations</div><a href="/lsv/romans/9.htm">Literal Standard Version</a> whose [are] the fathers, and of whom [is] the Christ, according to the flesh, who is God over all, blessed for all ages. Amen. <a href="/blb/romans/9.htm">Berean Literal Bible</a> whose are the patriarchs; and from whom is Christ according to the flesh, being God over all, blessed to the ages. Amen. <a href="/ylt/romans/9.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a> whose are the fathers, and of whom is the Christ, according to the flesh, who is over all, God blessed to the ages. Amen. <a href="/slt/romans/9.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a> Whose the fathers, and from whom Christ according to the flesh, who being God over all, praised forever. Amen.<div class="vheading2">Catholic Translations</div><a href="/drb/romans/9.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a> Whose are the fathers, and of whom is Christ, according to the flesh, who is over all things, God blessed for ever. Amen. <a href="/cpdv/romans/9.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a> Theirs are the fathers, and from them, according to the flesh, is the Christ, who is over all things, blessed God, for all eternity. Amen. <a href="/nabre/romans/9.htm">New American Bible</a> theirs the patriarchs, and from them, according to the flesh, is the Messiah. God who is over all be blessed forever. Amen. <a href="/nrsvce/romans/9.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a> to them belong the patriarchs, and from them, according to the flesh, comes the Messiah, who is over all, God blessed forever. Amen.<div class="vheading2">Translations from Aramaic</div><a href="/lamsa/romans/9.htm">Lamsa Bible</a> Whose are the fathers, from among whom Christ appeared in the flesh, who is God over all, to whom are due praises and thanksgiving, for ever and ever. Amen. <a href="/aramaic-plain-english/romans/9.htm">Aramaic Bible in Plain English</a> And the Patriarchs; and from them The Messiah appeared in the flesh, who is The God Who is over all, to Whom are praises and blessings to the eternity of eternities, amen.<div class="vheading2">NT Translations</div><a href="/anderson/romans/9.htm">Anderson New Testament</a> to whom belong the fathers, and of whom is the Christ, as it respects the flesh, who is over all, God blessed forever. Amen.<CM> <a href="/godbey/romans/9.htm">Godbey New Testament</a> of whom are the fathers, and of whom is Christ according to the flesh. Who is over all, God blessed forever: amen. <a href="/haweis/romans/9.htm">Haweis New Testament</a> of whom are the fathers, and from whom as respecting the flesh Christ sprung, who is over all, the blessed God for evermore. Amen.<CM> <a href="/mace/romans/9.htm">Mace New Testament</a> who are the offspring of the patriarchs, and of whom as to the flesh Christ came, who is over all, God blessed for ever. Amen. <a href="/wey/romans/9.htm">Weymouth New Testament</a> To them the Patriarchs belong, and from them in respect of His human lineage came the Christ, who is exalted above all, God blessed throughout the Ages. Amen. <a href="/worrell/romans/9.htm">Worrell New Testament</a> whose are the fathers; and of whom, according to flesh, is the Christ, Who is over all, God blessed forever. Amen. <a href="/worsley/romans/9.htm">Worsley New Testament</a> whose are the fathers, and of whom, as to the flesh, Christ came, who is over all God blessed for ever. Amen. <a href="/parallel/romans/9-5.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv">Audio Bible</div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/KIZs4GUMn-g?start=2213" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe> <div class="vheadingv">Context</div><a href="/bsb/romans/9.htm">Paul's Concern for the Jews</a> …4the people of Israel. Theirs is the adoption as sons; theirs the divine glory and the covenants; theirs the giving of the law, the temple worship, and the promises. 5<a href="/greek/3739.htm" title="3739: hōn (RelPro-GMP) -- Who, which, what, that. ">Theirs are</a> <a href="/greek/3588.htm" title="3588: hoi (Art-NMP) -- The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.">the</a> <a href="/greek/3962.htm" title="3962: pateres (N-NMP) -- Father, (Heavenly) Father, ancestor, elder, senior. Apparently a primary word; a father.">patriarchs,</a> <a href="/greek/2532.htm" title="2532: kai (Conj) -- And, even, also, namely. ">and</a> <a href="/greek/1537.htm" title="1537: ex (Prep) -- From out, out from among, from, suggesting from the interior outwards. A primary preposition denoting origin, from, out.">from</a> <a href="/greek/3739.htm" title="3739: hōn (RelPro-GMP) -- Who, which, what, that. ">them proceeds</a> <a href="/greek/3588.htm" title="3588: to (Art-ANS) -- The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the."></a> <a href="/greek/2596.htm" title="2596: kata (Prep) -- A primary particle; down, in varied relations (genitive, dative or accusative) with which it is joined)."></a> <a href="/greek/4561.htm" title="4561: sarka (N-AFS) -- Flesh, body, human nature, materiality; kindred. ">the human descent</a> <a href="/greek/3588.htm" title="3588: ho (Art-NMS) -- The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the."></a> <a href="/greek/5547.htm" title="5547: Christos (N-NMS) -- Anointed One; the Messiah, the Christ. From chrio; Anointed One, i.e. The Messiah, an epithet of Jesus.">of Christ,</a> <a href="/greek/3588.htm" title="3588: ho (Art-NMS) -- The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.">who</a> <a href="/greek/1510.htm" title="1510: ōn (V-PPA-NMS) -- I am, exist. The first person singular present indicative; a prolonged form of a primary and defective verb; I exist.">is</a> <a href="/greek/2316.htm" title="2316: Theos (N-NMS) -- A deity, especially the supreme Divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; by Hebraism, very.">God</a> <a href="/greek/1909.htm" title="1909: epi (Prep) -- On, to, against, on the basis of, at. ">over</a> <a href="/greek/3956.htm" title="3956: pantōn (Adj-GNP) -- All, the whole, every kind of. Including all the forms of declension; apparently a primary word; all, any, every, the whole.">all,</a> <a href="/greek/1519.htm" title="1519: eis (Prep) -- A primary preposition; to or into, of place, time, or purpose; also in adverbial phrases."></a> <a href="/greek/3588.htm" title="3588: tous (Art-AMP) -- The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the."></a> <a href="/greek/165.htm" title="165: aiōnas (N-AMP) -- From the same as aei; properly, an age; by extension, perpetuity; by implication, the world; specially a Messianic period.">forever</a> <a href="/greek/2128.htm" title="2128: eulogētos (Adj-NMS) -- (used only of God), blessed (as entitled to receive blessing from man), worthy of praise. From eulogeo; adorable.">worthy of praise!</a> <a href="/greek/281.htm" title="281: amēn (Heb) -- Of Hebrew origin; properly, firm, i.e. trustworthy; adverbially, surely.">Amen.</a> 6It is not as though God’s word has failed. For not all who are descended from Israel are Israel.…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div> <a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><a href="/john/1-1.htm">John 1:1-3</a> In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. / He was with God in the beginning. / Through Him all things were made, and without Him nothing was made that has been made. <a href="/colossians/1-16.htm">Colossians 1:16-17</a> For in Him all things were created, things in heaven and on earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones or dominions or rulers or authorities. All things were created through Him and for Him. / He is before all things, and in Him all things hold together. <a href="/hebrews/1-8.htm">Hebrews 1:8</a> But about the Son He says: “Your throne, O God, endures forever and ever, and justice is the scepter of Your kingdom. <a href="/philippians/2-5.htm">Philippians 2:5-7</a> Let this mind be in you which was also in Christ Jesus: / Who, existing in the form of God, did not consider equality with God something to be grasped, / but emptied Himself, taking the form of a servant, being made in human likeness. <a href="/titus/2-13.htm">Titus 2:13</a> as we await the blessed hope and glorious appearance of our great God and Savior Jesus Christ. <a href="/john/8-58.htm">John 8:58</a> “Truly, truly, I tell you,” Jesus declared, “before Abraham was born, I am!” <a href="/revelation/1-8.htm">Revelation 1:8</a> “I am the Alpha and the Omega,” says the Lord God, who is and was and is to come—the Almighty. <a href="/john/20-28.htm">John 20:28</a> Thomas replied, “My Lord and my God!” <a href="/1_timothy/3-16.htm">1 Timothy 3:16</a> By common confession, the mystery of godliness is great: He appeared in the flesh, was vindicated by the Spirit, was seen by angels, was proclaimed among the nations, was believed in throughout the world, was taken up in glory. <a href="/matthew/1-23.htm">Matthew 1:23</a> “Behold, the virgin will be with child and will give birth to a son, and they will call Him Immanuel” (which means, “God with us”). <a href="/isaiah/9-6.htm">Isaiah 9:6</a> For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given, and the government will be upon His shoulders. And He will be called Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God, Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace. <a href="/micah/5-2.htm">Micah 5:2</a> But you, Bethlehem Ephrathah, who are small among the clans of Judah, out of you will come forth for Me One to be ruler over Israel—One whose origins are of old, from the days of eternity. <a href="/jeremiah/23-5.htm">Jeremiah 23:5-6</a> Behold, the days are coming, declares the LORD, when I will raise up for David a righteous Branch, and He will reign wisely as King and will administer justice and righteousness in the land. / In His days Judah will be saved, and Israel will dwell securely. And this is His name by which He will be called: The LORD Our Righteousness. <a href="/psalms/45-6.htm">Psalm 45:6-7</a> Your throne, O God, endures forever and ever, and justice is the scepter of Your kingdom. / You have loved righteousness and hated wickedness; therefore God, your God, has anointed you above your companions with the oil of joy. <a href="/isaiah/7-14.htm">Isaiah 7:14</a> Therefore the Lord Himself will give you a sign: Behold, the virgin will be with child and give birth to a son, and will call Him Immanuel.</div> <a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div>Whose are the fathers, and of whom as concerning the flesh Christ came, who is over all, God blessed for ever. Amen.are the fathers.<a href="/romans/11-28.htm">Romans 11:28</a> As concerning the gospel, they are enemies for your sakes: but as touching the election, they are beloved for the fathers' sakes.<a href="/deuteronomy/10-15.htm">Deuteronomy 10:15</a> Only the LORD had a delight in thy fathers to love them, and he chose their seed after them, even you above all people, as it is this day.of whom.<a href="/romans/1-3.htm">Romans 1:3</a> Concerning his Son Jesus Christ our Lord, which was made of the seed of David according to the flesh;<a href="/genesis/12-3.htm">Genesis 12:3</a> And I will bless them that bless thee, and curse him that curseth thee: and in thee shall all families of the earth be blessed.<a href="/genesis/49-10.htm">Genesis 49:10</a> The sceptre shall not depart from Judah, nor a lawgiver from between his feet, until Shiloh come; and unto him shall the gathering of the people be.who is.<a href="/romans/10-12.htm">Romans 10:12</a> For there is no difference between the Jew and the Greek: for the same Lord over all is rich unto all that call upon him.<a href="/psalms/45-6.htm">Psalm 45:6</a> Thy throne, O God, is for ever and ever: the sceptre of thy kingdom is a right sceptre.<a href="/psalms/103-19.htm">Psalm 103:19</a> The LORD hath prepared his throne in the heavens; and his kingdom ruleth over all.blessed.<a href="/romans/1-25.htm">Romans 1:25</a> Who changed the truth of God into a lie, and worshipped and served the creature more than the Creator, who is blessed for ever. Amen.<a href="/psalms/72-19.htm">Psalm 72:19</a> And blessed be his glorious name for ever: and let the whole earth be filled with his glory; Amen, and Amen.<a href="/2_corinthians/11-31.htm">2 Corinthians 11:31</a> The God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, which is blessed for evermore, knoweth that I lie not.Amen.<a href="/deuteronomy/27-15.htm">Deuteronomy 27:15</a> Cursed be the man that maketh any graven or molten image, an abomination unto the LORD, the work of the hands of the craftsman, and putteth it in a secret place. And all the people shall answer and say, Amen.<a href="/1_kings/1-36.htm">1 Kings 1:36</a> And Benaiah the son of Jehoiada answered the king, and said, Amen: the LORD God of my lord the king say so too.<a href="/1_chronicles/16-36.htm">1 Chronicles 16:36</a> Blessed be the LORD God of Israel for ever and ever. And all the people said, Amen, and praised the LORD.<div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/romans/6-23.htm">Ages</a> <a href="/romans/1-25.htm">Amen</a> <a href="/romans/9-4.htm">Belong</a> <a href="/romans/4-8.htm">Blessed</a> <a href="/romans/4-9.htm">Blessing</a> <a href="/romans/9-3.htm">Christ</a> <a href="/acts/13-17.htm">Exalted</a> <a href="/acts/28-25.htm">Fathers</a> <a href="/romans/9-3.htm">Flesh</a> <a href="/romans/1-25.htm">Forever</a> <a href="/romans/9-3.htm">Human</a> <a href="/luke/2-4.htm">Lineage</a> <a href="/acts/7-9.htm">Patriarchs</a> <a href="/romans/9-3.htm">Race</a> <a href="/romans/4-20.htm">Respect</a> <a href="/romans/2-3.htm">Theirs</a> <a href="/romans/1-8.htm">Throughout</a> <a href="/luke/1-3.htm">Traced</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/romans/11-36.htm">Ages</a> <a href="/romans/11-36.htm">Amen</a> <a href="/romans/9-6.htm">Belong</a> <a href="/1_corinthians/1-5.htm">Blessed</a> <a href="/romans/12-14.htm">Blessing</a> <a href="/romans/10-4.htm">Christ</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/10-5.htm">Exalted</a> <a href="/romans/11-28.htm">Fathers</a> <a href="/romans/9-8.htm">Flesh</a> <a href="/romans/11-10.htm">Forever</a> <a href="/romans/11-6.htm">Human</a> <a href="/luke/2-4.htm">Lineage</a> <a href="/romans/11-28.htm">Patriarchs</a> <a href="/1_corinthians/9-24.htm">Race</a> <a href="/romans/12-17.htm">Respect</a> <a href="/romans/11-24.htm">Theirs</a> <a href="/romans/9-17.htm">Throughout</a> <a href="/hebrews/7-6.htm">Traced</a><div class="vheading2">Romans 9</div>1. <a href="/romans/9-1.htm">Paul is sorry for the Jews.</a> 7. <a href="/romans/9-7.htm">All of Abraham not of the promise.</a> 18. <a href="/romans/9-18.htm">God's sovereignty.</a> 25. <a href="/romans/9-25.htm">The calling of the Gentiles and rejecting of the Jews, foretold.</a> 32. <a href="/romans/9-32.htm">The cause of their stumbling.</a> </div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div>  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/romans/9.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/romans/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/romans/9.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div>Theirs are the patriarchs This phrase refers to the Jewish patriarchs: Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. These figures are foundational in the history of Israel and are seen as the forefathers of the Jewish nation. <a href="/genesis/12.htm">Genesis 12-50</a> details their lives and God's covenant with them, which includes promises of land, descendants, and blessing. The patriarchs are significant because they are the recipients of God's promises, which are fulfilled in Christ. The covenantal relationship established with them is a key theme throughout the Old Testament and is foundational for understanding God's redemptive plan.and from them proceeds the human descent of Christ This highlights the Jewish lineage of Jesus, affirming His humanity and fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies. Jesus is a descendant of David, as prophesied in <a href="/2_samuel/7-12.htm">2 Samuel 7:12-16</a> and confirmed in the genealogies of <a href="/matthew/1.htm">Matthew 1</a> and <a href="/luke/3.htm">Luke 3</a>. This lineage is crucial for establishing Jesus as the legitimate Messiah, fulfilling the promises made to the patriarchs and the Davidic covenant. It underscores the continuity of God's plan from the Old Testament to the New Testament.who is God over all This phrase affirms the deity of Christ, a central tenet of Christian theology. It echoes <a href="/john/1.htm">John 1:1</a>, where Jesus is identified as the Word who was with God and was God. This declaration of Christ's divinity is consistent with other New Testament passages, such as <a href="/colossians/1-15.htm">Colossians 1:15-20</a> and <a href="/hebrews/1-3.htm">Hebrews 1:3</a>, which describe Jesus as the image of the invisible God and the exact representation of His being. The phrase emphasizes the supremacy and sovereignty of Christ over all creation.forever worthy of praise! This doxology reflects the eternal nature and worthiness of Christ to receive worship. It aligns with <a href="/revelation/5-12.htm">Revelation 5:12-13</a>, where Jesus is praised by every creature in heaven and on earth. The eternal praise of Christ is a theme throughout Scripture, highlighting His role in creation, redemption, and His ultimate reign. This phrase calls believers to acknowledge and worship Jesus as Lord and Savior.Amen "Amen" is a Hebrew word meaning "truly" or "so be it," often used to affirm the truthfulness of a statement. In this context, it serves as a conclusion to the doxology, affirming the truth of Christ's divinity and worthiness of praise. It is a common liturgical response in both Jewish and Christian traditions, signifying agreement and certainty in the truths expressed.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <a href="/topical/t/the_patriarchs.htm">The Patriarchs</a> Refers to the forefathers of the Israelite nation, such as Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. They are significant figures in the history of Israel and are seen as the foundational ancestors through whom God's promises were given. 2. <a href="/topical/c/christ.htm">Christ</a> The central figure of Christianity, believed to be the Messiah and the Son of God. In this verse, Paul emphasizes both His human descent and divine nature. 3. <a href="/topical/i/israel.htm">Israel</a> The nation chosen by God, from whom the patriarchs and ultimately Christ descended. Israel's history and covenant relationship with God are central to understanding the context of this passage. 4. <a href="/topical/p/paul_the_apostle.htm">Paul the Apostle</a> The author of the Book of Romans, who is addressing the complex relationship between Israel and the Gentile believers in the early church. 5. <a href="/topical/t/the_church_in_rome.htm">The Church in Rome</a> The original audience of the letter, consisting of both Jewish and Gentile Christians, who were navigating their identity and unity in Christ.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><a href="/topical/t/the_dual_nature_of_christ.htm">The Dual Nature of Christ</a> Understand the significance of Christ being both fully human and fully divine. This dual nature is essential for His role as the mediator between God and humanity. <a href="/topical/t/the_faithfulness_of_god's_promises.htm">The Faithfulness of God’s Promises</a> Reflect on how God’s promises to the patriarchs were fulfilled in Christ. This demonstrates God’s faithfulness and encourages us to trust in His promises today. <a href="/topical/t/the_unity_of_believers.htm">The Unity of Believers</a> Recognize the shared heritage of faith among Jewish and Gentile believers. This unity in Christ should transcend cultural and ethnic divisions within the church. <a href="/topical/w/worship_and_praise.htm">Worship and Praise</a> Acknowledge Christ as "God over all" and respond with worship and praise. This verse calls us to honor Christ’s sovereignty and divinity in our daily lives. <a href="/topical/t/the_importance_of_heritage.htm">The Importance of Heritage</a> Appreciate the spiritual heritage we have in the faith of the patriarchs and how it shapes our identity as believers in Christ.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_romans_9.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Romans 9</a> <a href="/q/what_does_the_bible_say_on_self-forgiveness.htm">What does the Bible say about self-forgiveness?</a> <a href="/q/why_do_wars_contradict_a_peaceful_god.htm">Why do religious wars contradict a God of peace?</a> <a href="/q/what_does_'already_but_not_yet'_mean.htm">What does 'Already but Not Yet' mean?</a> <a href="/q/is_salvation_from_the_jews.htm">Is salvation derived from the Jewish people?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/romans/9.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(5) The fathers.--The patriarchs--Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.Who is over all, God blessed for ever.--These words are a well-known subject for controversy. Trinitarian and English interpreters, as a rule, take them with the punctuation of the Authorised version, as referring to Christ. Socinian interpreters, with some of the most eminent among the Germans, put a full stop after "came," and make the remainder of the verse a doxology addressed to God, "Blessed for ever be God, who is over all." Both ways are possible. The question is, Which is the most natural and probable? and this is to be considered, putting altogether on one side prepossessions of every kind. We are not to read meaning into Scripture, but to elicit meaning from it. The balance of the argument stands thus:--(1) The order of the words is somewhat in favour of the application to Christ. If the clause had really been a formal doxology, the ascription of blessing would more naturally have come at the beginning in Greek as in English, "Blessed be God," &c. (2) The context is also somewhat in favour of this application. The break in the form of the sentence becomes rather abrupt on the other hypothesis, and is not to be quite paralleled. Intruded doxologies, caused by a sudden access of pious feeling, are not uncommon in the writings of St. Paul, but they are either worked into the regular order of the sentence, as in <a href="/romans/1-25.htm" title="Who changed the truth of God into a lie, and worshipped and served the creature more than the Creator, who is blessed for ever. Amen.">Romans 1:25</a>, <a href="/galatians/1-5.htm" title="To whom be glory for ever and ever. Amen.">Galatians 1:5</a>, or else they are formally introduced as in <a href="/2_corinthians/11-31.htm" title="The God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, which is blessed for ever more, knows that I lie not.">2Corinthians 11:31</a>; <a href="/1_timothy/1-17.htm" title="Now to the King eternal, immortal, invisible, the only wise God, be honor and glory for ever and ever. Amen.">1Timothy 1:17</a>. (3) But on the other hand, to set somewhat decidedly against this application, is the fact that the words used by the Apostle, "Who is over all," and the ascription of blessing in all other places where they occur, are referred, not to Christ, but to God. (Comp. <a href="/romans/1-25.htm" title="Who changed the truth of God into a lie, and worshipped and served the creature more than the Creator, who is blessed for ever. Amen.">Romans 1:25</a>; <a href="/2_corinthians/1-3.htm" title="Blessed be God, even the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of mercies, and the God of all comfort;">2Corinthians 1:3</a>; <a href="/2_corinthians/11-31.htm" title="The God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, which is blessed for ever more, knows that I lie not.">2Corinthians 11:31</a>; <a href="/ephesians/1-3.htm" title="Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who has blessed us with all spiritual blessings in heavenly places in Christ:">Ephesians 1:3</a>; <a href="/ephesians/4-6.htm" title="One God and Father of all, who is above all, and through all, and in you all.">Ephesians 4:6</a>.) There is, indeed, a doxology addressed to Christ in <a href="/2_timothy/4-18.htm" title="And the Lord shall deliver me from every evil work, and will preserve me to his heavenly kingdom: to whom be glory for ever and ever. Amen.">2Timothy 4:18</a>; it should, however, be remembered that the Pauline origin of that Epistle has been doubted by some, though it is also right to add that these doubts do not appear to have any real validity. The title "God" does not appear to be elsewhere applied to our Lord by St. Paul, though all the attributes of Godhead are ascribed to Him: e.g., in <a href="/philippians/2-6.htm" title="Who, being in the form of God, thought it not robbery to be equal with God:">Philippians 2:6</a> et seq., <a href="/colossians/1-15.htm" title=" Who is the image of the invisible God, the firstborn of every creature:">Colossians 1:15</a> et seq. In <a href="/1_timothy/3-16.htm" title="And without controversy great is the mystery of godliness: God was manifest in the flesh, justified in the Spirit, seen of angels, preached to the Gentiles, believed on in the world, received up into glory.">1Timothy 3:16</a>, which would be an apparent exception, the true reading is, * Who was manifested," and not "God was manifested." On the other hand, St. John certainly makes use of this title, not only in <a href="/john/1-1.htm" title="In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.">John 1:1</a>; <a href="/john/20-28.htm" title="And Thomas answered and said to him, My LORD and my God.">John 20:28</a>, but also in the reading, adopted by many, of <a href="/john/1-18.htm" title="No man has seen God at any time, the only begotten Son, which is in the bosom of the Father, he has declared him.">John 1:18</a>, "God only begotten" for "Only begotten Son." Weighing the whole of the arguments against each other, the data do not seem to be sufficient to warrant a positive and dogmatic conclusion either way. The application to our Lord appears perhaps a little the more probable of the two. More than this cannot be said. Nor is a stronger affirmation warranted by any considerations resting on the division of authorities. . . . <a href="/commentaries/romans/9-5.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a> <a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Greek</div>[Theirs are] ὧν (hōn) Personal / Relative Pronoun - Genitive Masculine Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_3739.htm">Strong's 3739: </a> Who, which, what, that. the οἱ (hoi) Article - Nominative Masculine Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_3588.htm">Strong's 3588: </a> The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the. patriarchs, πατέρες (pateres) Noun - Nominative Masculine Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_3962.htm">Strong's 3962: </a> Father, (Heavenly) Father, ancestor, elder, senior. Apparently a primary word; a 'father'. and καὶ (kai) Conjunction <a href="/greek/strongs_2532.htm">Strong's 2532: </a> And, even, also, namely. from ἐξ (ex) Preposition <a href="/greek/strongs_1537.htm">Strong's 1537: </a> From out, out from among, from, suggesting from the interior outwards. A primary preposition denoting origin, from, out. them [ proceeds ] ὧν (hōn) Personal / Relative Pronoun - Genitive Masculine Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_3739.htm">Strong's 3739: </a> Who, which, what, that. [the] human [descent] σάρκα (sarka) Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_4561.htm">Strong's 4561: </a> Flesh, body, human nature, materiality; kindred. of Christ, Χριστὸς (Christos) Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_5547.htm">Strong's 5547: </a> Anointed One; the Messiah, the Christ. From chrio; Anointed One, i.e. The Messiah, an epithet of Jesus. who ὁ (ho) Article - Nominative Masculine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_3588.htm">Strong's 3588: </a> The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the. is ὢν (ōn) Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_1510.htm">Strong's 1510: </a> I am, exist. The first person singular present indicative; a prolonged form of a primary and defective verb; I exist. God Θεὸς (Theos) Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_2316.htm">Strong's 2316: </a> A deity, especially the supreme Divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; by Hebraism, very. over ἐπὶ (epi) Preposition <a href="/greek/strongs_1909.htm">Strong's 1909: </a> On, to, against, on the basis of, at. all, πάντων (pantōn) Adjective - Genitive Neuter Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_3956.htm">Strong's 3956: </a> All, the whole, every kind of. Including all the forms of declension; apparently a primary word; all, any, every, the whole. forever αἰῶνας (aiōnas) Noun - Accusative Masculine Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_165.htm">Strong's 165: </a> From the same as aei; properly, an age; by extension, perpetuity; by implication, the world; specially a Messianic period. worthy of praise! εὐλογητὸς (eulogētos) Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_2128.htm">Strong's 2128: </a> (used only of God), blessed (as entitled to receive blessing from man), worthy of praise. From eulogeo; adorable. Amen. ἀμήν (amēn) Hebrew Word <a href="/greek/strongs_281.htm">Strong's 281: </a> Of Hebrew origin; properly, firm, i.e. trustworthy; adverbially, surely. <div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/romans/9-5.htm">Romans 9:5 NIV</a> <a href="/nlt/romans/9-5.htm">Romans 9:5 NLT</a> <a href="/esv/romans/9-5.htm">Romans 9:5 ESV</a> <a href="/nasb/romans/9-5.htm">Romans 9:5 NASB</a> <a href="/kjv/romans/9-5.htm">Romans 9:5 KJV</a> <a href="//bibleapps.com/romans/9-5.htm">Romans 9:5 BibleApps.com</a> <a href="//bibliaparalela.com/romans/9-5.htm">Romans 9:5 Biblia Paralela</a> <a href="//holybible.com.cn/romans/9-5.htm">Romans 9:5 Chinese Bible</a> <a href="//saintebible.com/romans/9-5.htm">Romans 9:5 French Bible</a> <a href="/catholic/romans/9-5.htm">Romans 9:5 Catholic Bible</a> <a href="/romans/9-5.htm">NT Letters: Romans 9:5 Of whom are the fathers and (Rom. Ro) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/romans/9-4.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Romans 9:4"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Romans 9:4" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/romans/9-6.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Romans 9:6"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Romans 9:6" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>