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12.42l4.59-4.58L18 9.25l-6 6-6-6z"/><path d="M0-.75h24v24H0z" fill="none"/></svg></span></span></div></div></section><section id="h.648a9495d5e9d06a_73" class="yaqOZd"><div class="IFuOkc"></div><div class="mYVXT"><div class="LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc" tabindex="-1"><div class="hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc"><div class="JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd"><div class="" jscontroller="sGwD4d" jsaction="zXBUYb:zTPCnb;zQF9Uc:Qxe3nd;" jsname="F57UId"><div class="oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me"><div id="h.648a9495d5e9d06a_70" class="hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb"><div class="jXK9ad-SmKAyb"><div class="tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe"><div id="h.rp7ysvs2jzaw" class="Ap4VC yMxPgf aP9Z7e"></div><h1 id="h.rp7ysvs2jzaw_l" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q duRjpb CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: center;"><div jscontroller="Ae65rd" jsaction="touchstart:UrsOsc; click:KjsqPd; focusout:QZoaZ; mouseover:y0pDld; mouseout:dq0hvd;fv1Rjc:jbFSOd;CrfLRd:SzACGe;" class="CjVfdc"><div class="PPhIP rviiZ" jsname="haAclf"><div role="presentation" class="U26fgb mUbCce fKz7Od LRAOtb Znu9nd M9Bg4d" jscontroller="mxS5xe" jsaction="click:cOuCgd; mousedown:UX7yZ; mouseup:lbsD7e; mouseenter:tfO1Yc; mouseleave:JywGue; focus:AHmuwe; blur:O22p3e; contextmenu:mg9Pef;" jsshadow aria-describedby="h.rp7ysvs2jzaw_l" aria-label="Copy heading link" aria-disabled="false" data-tooltip="Copy heading link" aria-hidden="true" data-tooltip-position="top" data-tooltip-vertical-offset="12" data-tooltip-horizontal-offset="0"><a class="FKF6mc TpQm9d" href="#h.rp7ysvs2jzaw" aria-label="Copy heading link" jsname="hiK3ld" role="button" aria-describedby="h.rp7ysvs2jzaw_l"><div class="VTBa7b MbhUzd" jsname="ksKsZd"></div><span jsslot class="xjKiLb"><span class="Ce1Y1c" style="top: -11px"><svg class="OUGEr QdAdhf" width="22px" height="22px" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" focusable="false"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"/><path d="M3.9 12c0-1.71 1.39-3.1 3.1-3.1h4V7H7c-2.76 0-5 2.24-5 5s2.24 5 5 5h4v-1.9H7c-1.71 0-3.1-1.39-3.1-3.1zM8 13h8v-2H8v2zm9-6h-4v1.9h4c1.71 0 3.1 1.39 3.1 3.1s-1.39 3.1-3.1 3.1h-4V17h4c2.76 0 5-2.24 5-5s-2.24-5-5-5z"/></svg></span></span></a></div></div><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #343a40; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">Accepted Papers</span></div></h1><p id="h.crg126tmxq97" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">Machine Learning for Road Traffic Accident Prediction</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">Sumit Gupta</span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 7.199999999999998pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: super;">1</span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;"> and Dr. Awadesh Kumar</span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 7.199999999999998pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: super;">2</span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">, </span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 7.199999999999998pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: super;">1</span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;"> Department of Computer Science, Institute of Science, BHU, India, </span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 7.199999999999998pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: super;">2</span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;"> Department of Computer Science, MMV, BHU, India</span></p><p id="h.nmti8qij6iyb" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">ABSTRACT</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">Road safety and accidents have been big global concerns, and everyone is working to address the issue of road safety and accidents, which has been a big worry for many years. In every country on earth, there is traffic and reckless driving. This has a negative impact on a lot of pedestrians. They become victims, although having done nothing wrong. The number of traffic accidents is rising quickly due to the enormous increase in road cars. Accidents like these result in harm, impairment, and occasionally even fatalities. Numerous things like weather changes, sharp curves, and human error all contribute to the high number of traffic accidents. Road accidents result in serious but occasionally invisible injuries that subsequently have an impact on ones health. Using a machine learning system, this study seeks to analyse traffic incidents in order to anticipate and reduce.</span></p><p id="h.w7xke1umsugv" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">KEYWORDS</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">Machine learning algorithm, Supervised Learning Feature Analysis, Road Accident.</span></p><br><p id="h.4vd6ztmduocv" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">Identification of Network Intrusions Using Decision Tree and Deep Learning for Detecting Anomalies</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">Dr. Garima Sinha</span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 7.199999999999998pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: super;">1</span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">, Guru Sai Chandhan Madapakula</span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 7.199999999999998pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: super;">2</span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">, Asritha Mudunuri</span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 7.199999999999998pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: super;">3</span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">, Vishnu Vardhan Reddy G</span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 7.199999999999998pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: super;">4</span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">, M S N S Vivek</span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 7.199999999999998pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: super;">5</span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;"> and Swetha Reddy Kadimetla</span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 7.199999999999998pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: super;">6</span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">, </span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 7.199999999999998pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: super;">1</span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">Associate Professor, Department of Computer Science, JainUniversity, Bengaluru, India, </span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 7.199999999999998pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: super;">2</span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">B.Tech 4th year, Dept. of Computer Science, JainUniversity, Bengaluru, India, </span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 7.199999999999998pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: super;">3</span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">B.Tech 4th year, Dept. of Computer Science, JainUniversity, Bengaluru, India, </span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 7.199999999999998pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: super;">4</span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">B.Tech 4th year, Dept. of Computer Science, JainUniversity, Bengaluru, India, </span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 7.199999999999998pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: super;">5</span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">B.Tech 4th year, Dept. of Computer Science, JainUniversity, Bengaluru, India, </span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 7.199999999999998pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: super;">6</span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">B.Tech 4th year, Dept. of Computer Science, JainUniversity, Bengaluru, India</span></p><p id="h.ngyemtxnguhn" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">ABSTRACT</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">In todays world, everything is done online. Without a network, the entire world would be unable to function. With the massive increase in the use of computer networks and the vastly increased variety of applications they currently support, network security issues are increasing, since all systems suffer from security vulnerabilities which might increase attacks that could negatively impact the economy. As a result, detecting vulnerabilities in the network system has become more important, and it must be done as precisely as possible in real-time. Here we will create and train a model that uses the Decision Tree classifier to detect whether a network packet is being attacked. The NIDS is intended to monitor the whole network. It has visibility into all network flow and By considering both the metadata and packet content, a more comprehensive perspective can be obtained, allowing for a greater understanding of the context and enabling the identification of more widespread security threats. The addition of anomaly detection to NIDS through the use of deep learning algorithms improves the systems ability to detect intrusions.</span></p><p id="h.tdbewm8zdyv9" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">KEYWORDS</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">Network IDS, Decision Tree, Anova F-Test, Recursive Feature Selection, Matlab.</span></p><br><p id="h.g63w49w3mvst" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">I-mask: Mask With Integrated Monitoring System</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">Kartikeya Kushwaha, Mihir Sharma, Parth Bansal, Dept of ECE, ABES Engineering College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India</span></p><p id="h.gmps9mtg88vp" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">ABSTRACT</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">The main purpose and concept of this idea is to create an integrated monitoring system attachable to a wearable mask in order to monitor real time health related parameters such as body temperature, blood saturation level, blood pressure and heart rate. This IoT enable mask collected data from the sensor inbuilt in the mask and send these data to the central monitoring system for the display and monitoring. A power management system is also required for to reduce power consumption of the device. This I-Mask system reduce man power requirement of the hospital and better patient management and monitoring with extra level of care to the patient.</span></p><p id="h.4ol16klbtb6e" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">KEYWORDS</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">IoT, Mask, Personal Health, Sensors, Arduino, Blink app.</span></p><br><p id="h.q94ud7shcehi" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">Encryption of Images on Iot: a Performance Analysis of Aes and Chacha20</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">Nasar Al Siyabi, University of Reading, Reading, UK</span></p><p id="h.syneamym10dj" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">ABSTRACT</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">In this paper, we compare the performance of Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and Chacha20. We used images for the performance analysis and computed 1) correlation, 2) histogram, 3) entropy, and 4) mean-square error (MSE) for comparing the two schemes. We also compared the execution times of both schemes. We used all three key sizes, 128 bits, 192 bits and 256 bits, for AES. Our results show that AES192 outperforms Chacha20 as well as AES128 and AES256.</span></p><p id="h.je29ssx0bqz6" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">KEYWORDS</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">IoT, AES, ChaCha20, correlation, entropy, MSE.</span></p><br><p id="h.fz8m23xzsxv" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">Blockchain Based Enterprise Application for Land Registration</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">Pratham Vats, Himanshu Singh and Nakul Jain, Amity School of Engineering and Technology , AMITY University , India</span></p><p id="h.xbn7sr7acxlu" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">ABSTRACT</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">The current Land Registration System makes transferring property ownership in connection with a land purchase a time-consuming process. Because all of the countrys data is kept in one location, there are security concerns as well. In some instances, faulty or insufficient registration results in land litigation and ownership disputes. In this study, a blockchain-based land registration system is designed to get around the land registration systems stated restrictions. Block-level data storage that is decentralised in order to prevent land ownership issues, chain offers security and allows for the safe storage of landowner data.As land is a valuable asset, using block chain technology can considerably improve this sector s work implementation and characteristics for a smooth and hassle-free work flow to establish a trustworthy system. A governance systems essential department for storing records of land ownership is the land written record system. There are several flaws in the current system that cause conflict and corruption. A significant number of Courts and significant government resources enforcement organisations are addressing these issues.The use of blockchain technology could prevent these omissions and list the issues relating to land written record system, such as record tempering, Mercantilism of a consistent plot of property to a single purchaser. Land register is a system that keeps track of the primary claims to ownership made by various governmental entities, i.e., it keeps track of land possession records. However, there are several issues and flaws in the current system that contribute to corruption and disputes. In order to solve these issues, we frequently use Blockchain technology.Blockchain is used to counter these loopholes. It is used to find out the problems connected with land register system like tempering of records & commerce of identical piece of land to quite one vendee. The term "land register system" refers to the system that keeps track of the primary areas of possession that various governmental entities claim. The hold on record will be utilised as the evidence for the claim in order to prevent any potential fraud and ensure smooth transitions as needed.</span></p><p id="h.4wtp3tiko2gh" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">KEYWORDS</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">SHA-256 Algorithm , Decentralized Ledger , Private Key Encryption.</span></p><br><p id="h.jbx1ubrgzcpw" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">Land Registration System Using Blockchain</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">Priyesh Raj Singh, Prateek Kumar, Niranjan Singh,Department Of Information Technology Galgotias College Of Engineering And Technology ,Uttar Pradesh, India</span></p><p id="h.jrvwql7wy6bm" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">ABSTRACT</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">Land administration system is important for the management, allocation, and handling related to land, affecting a wide range of stakeholders. However, one of the biggest challenges in land administration systems is maintaining the accuracy of the data stored within them. Inaccuracies can arise from a variety of factors such as errors in data collection, processing, and misuse. These inaccuracies can lead to issues such as data tampering, lengthy registration times for transactions, and the potential for double-spending, all of which can undermine the integrity of the land administration system. To address these challenges, this research paper proposes the use of blockchain technology, specifically the blockchains contract written in the Solidity programming language. The smart contract is written in the main logic of the implementation. These contracts are logical implementations to determine the owner, seller, and the transfer of the land. The proposed solution uses a distributed ledger system to ensure the accuracy of data in the land administration system. The system verifies the users record through government officials and assigns a unique hash value to each submitted block of data. When a transaction for the transfer of ownership is initiated, a separate block is created with a unique hash value that is connected to the previous value, creating a sequence of blocks that are chained together. The hashing algorithm employed generates a fixed-size message digest, where each hashed value uniquely represents a complete set of transactions contained in a specific block.</span></p><p id="h.5pptswdll11h" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">KEYWORDS</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">associated with this paper include blockchain, smart contract, Ethereum, hashing, public ledgers, cipher, chain linking, consensus protocol, cryptography, decentralized application, encryption, and digital signature. This research paper concludes that blockchain technology has the capability to address the challenges faced by land administration systems, and the proposed smart contract implementation can improve the accuracy and reliability of these systems, benefiting a broad variety of stakeholders. Results of our research indicate that by using blockchain we can improve efficiency, transparency, and security, and reduce fraud. The advantages of using blockchain in the land transactions system can eliminate of intermediaries, reduce transaction costs, and increase the speed of transactions. Furthermore, smart contracts in blockchain-based land registration systems could ensure that transactions are executed automatically once the conditions specified in the contract are met.</span></p><p id="h.n48keru4uom5" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">Blockchain-based Software Subscription and Licenses Management System</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">Hithru De Alwis, Shamila De Silva, Kasun De Silva, Adeesha Wijayasiri, and Eranga Perera, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Moratuwa</span></p><p id="h.9y2pxjo8x7" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">ABSTRACT</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">As software becomes increasingly integral to various aspects of daily life, there is a pressing need for efficient and secure software licensing systems. Traditional licensing models often fall short in transparency, security, and flexibility in license management. This research proposes a blockchain-based software subscription and license management system to address these issues. Utilizing the Ethereum blockchain, this system employs smart contracts to automate the enforcement of licensing agreements, facilitating secure, transparent, and efficient license management. Through the use of ERC721 and ERC20 token standards, the system allows for the creation and transfer of license tokens. This study was motivated by the growing popularity of subscription licenses, the legal implications of the UsedSoft court case, and the inherent advantages of blockchain technology, including immutability and decentralization. The research objectives include designing a blockchain-based subscription license model, analyzing the UsedSoft court case and its impact on software license transfers, developing smart contracts for various software licensing models, and creating demo softwares that use blockchain-based licenses for activation. Evaluations indicate that the proposed system efficiently handles license issuance, transfer, and management. The system represents a pioneering approach in software license management, aligned with contemporary software consumption trends.</span></p><p id="h.q6dcdvgngdv7" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">KEYWORDS</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">Blockchain, Smart Contracts, Ethereum, Software Licensing, Software Subscriptions, License Transfer, License Activation.</span></p><br><p id="h.m00zqcwuw7wh" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">Impacting Underdeveloped Communities Using Decentralised Ledger Technology</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">Lorae Knight, De Montfort University</span></p><p id="h.247zk37mo9ms" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">ABSTRACT</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">Melan DLT presents a data-generating social media platform designed to create monetary value and trust within economically disadvantaged nations. Through the use of peer-topeer transactions, e-commerce and a stabilized dual coin system, the Melan DLT will achieve an effortless economic ecosystem to empower, inspire and entertain all users. This paper looks into the need for such a technology, dissects distributed ledger technologies (DLT) currently available and finally outlines some of the possible components which will be used to build the proposed system. This paper is intended for research to aid a technical design brief and therefore is not a final disclosure of the Melan DLT design system.</span></p><p id="h.ewzrosx9co86" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">KEYWORDS</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">Blockchain, DLT, ESG, DAG, big data.</span></p><br><p id="h.tzt4s9nhmm3" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">Data Privacy Protection and Security of Digital Twin in Healthcare Using Cloud Computing and Blockchain</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">Johnson Muungano, Department of Computer and Engineering,Jain (Deemed-to-be University), Bangalore, India</span></p><p id="h.f8hqxcu2g5w0" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">ABSTRACT</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">A digital twin is a technology that facilitates seamless data integration between physical and virtual machines on both sides. This article explores the challenges, applications, and technologies involved such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), and digital twins—health, education, automotive, aerospace, etc. Various industries are constantly looking for new technologies to benefit their industries. Digital twin technology has great potential to meet the needs of this industry. However, to increase the availability of digital twin data, it is vital to consider sharing data securely with other data users. To solve this problem, a digital twin data-sharing network model is proposed. This proposed network model uses cloud computing for efficient data sharing and blockchain for verification. A communication scheme is designed for the proposed model to ensure data privacy and security in wireless channels. To ensure the security of the proposed protocol, informal methods for security analysis and formal methods such as BAN logic and AVISPA simulation tools are used. The proposed protocol is compared with related protocols to demonstrate its applicability in a digital twin environment.</span></p><p id="h.6vd1yyvogjl4" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">KEYWORDS</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">Digital twin (DT), Mutual authentication and key agreement, Blockchain, Healthcare, Data Owner (DO), Data User (DU), Cloud computing, BAN logic, AVISPA.</span></p><br><p id="h.ro2krwryd5b" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">Enhancingpredictivemodelswithfuzzymathematics: a Comparative study</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">Yogeesh N11Assistant Professor and HOD of Mathematics,Government First Grade College, Tumkur-572102, Karnataka, India</span></p><p id="h.ncit3osat179" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">ABSTRACT</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">This research paper investigates the application of fuzzy mathematics in predictive modelling for financial market prediction and healthcare diagnostics. Fuzzy logic, known for its ability to handle uncertainty and linguistic variables, is utilized to design and implement two distinct fuzzy logic-based models. The first model focuses on financial market prediction, using fuzzy sets, membership functions, and fuzzy rules to capture complex relationships between market indicators and sentiment. The models linguistic interpretability empowers stakeholders to make informed investment decisions based on its predictions.The second model centers on healthcare diagnostics, employing fuzzy sets and membership functions to represent medical indicators and symptoms. Fuzzy rules, derived from expert knowledge and medical guidelines, map input variables to potential medical conditions. The Sugeno-type fuzzy inference system provides flexibility in handling intricate relationships, producing accurate diagnostic outcomes. The models ability to deal with vague data and provide linguistic explanations enhances trust among healthcare professionals and patients.Overall, the findings demonstrate the advantages of fuzzy mathematics in both domains, including handling uncertainty, incorporating expert knowledge, and improving interpretability. The research contributes to practical applications in financial analysis and medical diagnostics, paving the way for future research in hybrid models and wider applications of fuzzy mathematics in predictive modelling.</span></p><p id="h.k85bv0sq0off" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">KEYWORDS</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">Fuzzy mathematics, predictive modelling, financial market prediction, healthcare diagnostics, linguistic interpretability, uncertainty, expert knowledge, fuzzy logic, Sugeno-type fuzzy inference system.</span></p><br><p id="h.6jnvm742lh33" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">Subvertingtwocharacterstereotypesatonce:exploringais roleinsubvertingstereotypes</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">Xiaohan Feng, Graduate School of Information Sciences and Arts, Toyo University, Kawagoe,Saitama, Japan</span></p><p id="h.hqm4fnw5jdq9" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">ABSTRACT</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">AI opens up new possibilities, enabling anyone to effortlessly generate visually stunning images without the need for artistic skills. However, it also leads to the creation of more stereotypes when using large amounts of data. Consequently, stereotypes are becoming more prevalent and serious than ever before. Our belief is that we can use this situation in reverse, aiming to summarize stereotypes with AI and then subvert them through elemental exchange. In this study, we have attempted to develop a less time-consuming method to challenge character stereotypes while embracing the concept of "exchange." We selected two character archetypes, namely the "tyrant" and the "mad scientist," and summarized their stereotypes either by generating AI images or by asking questions to ChatGPT. Additionally, we conducted a survey of real historical tyrants to gain insights into their behavior and characteristics. This step helped us comprehend the reasons behind stereotyping in artwork depicting tyrants. Based on this understanding, we made choices about which stereotypes to retain. The intention was to empower the audience to better evaluate the identity of the character. Finally, the two remaining character stereotypes were exchanged, and the design was completed. The purpose of this study is to explore different ways of using AI to subvert stereotypes more efficiently and effectively. It will also enumerate the advantages and disadvantages of each approach, helping creators select the most appropriate method for their specific situations. Moreover, this research will serve as a valuable reference and inspiration for subsequent studies on stereotype-related topics.</span></p><p id="h.a25sdrj3yfdt" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">KEYWORDS</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">Multidisciplinary, Artificial Intelligence, Arts & Design History, Stereotypes.</span></p><br><p id="h.mk1o7x9hf21x" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">Brands, Verticals and Contexts: Coherence Patterns in Consumer Attention</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">John Hawkins, Playground XYZ, Australia</span></p><p id="h.xbekrsdfe4cl" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">ABSTRACT</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">Consumers are expected to partially reveal their preferences and interests through the media they consume. The development of visual attention measurement with eye tracking technologies allows us to investigate the consistency of these preferences across the creative executions of a given brand and over all brands within a given vertical.In this study we use a large-scale attention measurement dataset to analyse a collection of digital display advertising impressions across a variety of industry verticals. We evaluate the extent to which the high attention contexts for a given brand’sads remain consistent for that brand, and the extent to which those contexts remain consistent across many brands within an industry vertical.The results illustrate that consumer attention on advertising can vary significantly across creatives for a specific brand, and across a vertical. Nevertheless, there are coherence effects across campaigns that are stronger than random, and that contain actionable information at the level of industry vertical categorisation.</span></p><br><p id="h.26ry8xq7h85g" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">Whats in a Domain? Anaylsis of Url Features</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">John Hawkins, Playground XYZ, Australia</span></p><p id="h.bls7kug68b1" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">ABSTRACT</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">Many data science problems require processing log data derived from web pages, apis or other internet traffic sources. URLs are one of the few ubiquitous data fields that describe internet activity, hence they require effective processing for a wide variety of machine learning applications. While URLs are structurally rich, the structure can be both domain specific and subject to change over time, making feature engineering for URLs an ongoing challenge. In this research we outline the key structural components of URLs and discuss the information available within each. We describe methods for generating features on these URL components and share an open source implementation of these ideas. In addition, we describe a method for exploring URL feature importance that allows for comparison and analysis of the information available inside URLs. We experiment with a collection of URL classification datasets and demonstrate the utility of these tools. Package and source code is open on https://pypi.org/project/url2features.</span></p><p id="h.faluo0sxl908" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">KEYWORDS</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">Machine Learning, Feature Engineering, Web Search, Semantic Web, Data Science.</span></p><br><p id="h.wlaz8qrifzbq" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">Chunker Based Sentiment Analysis for Nepali Text</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">Dr. Archit Yajnik, Ms. Sabu Lama Tamang, Department of Mathematics, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Technology, Rangpo, Sikkim</span></p><p id="h.iiod1zfhnao" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">ABSTRACT</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">The article represents the Sentiment Analysis (SA) of a Nepali sentence. Skip-gram model are used for the word to vector encoding. In the first experiment the vector representation of each sentence is generated by using Skip-gram technique followed by the Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) classification and it is observed that the F1 scores of 0.6486 are achieved for positive-negative classification with 68% accuracy. Whereas in the second experiment the verb chunks are extracted using Nepali parser and carried out the similar experiment on the verb chunks. The F1 scores of 0.6779 are observed for positive -negative classification with 85% accuracy. Hence, Chunker based sentiment analysis is proven to be better than sentiment analysis using sentences.</span></p><p id="h.qwrv95wld7bw" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">KEYWORDS</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">skip –gram model, MLP classification, parser, verb chunk.</span></p><br><p id="h.h9kve1ulsyw" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">Towards Kyrgyz Stop Words</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">Ruslan Isaev, Gulzada Esenalieva, and Ermek Doszhanov, Ala-Too International University, Bishkek</span></p><p id="h.e77grmva4em4" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">ABSTRACT</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">The concept of stop words introduced by H.P. Lun in the mid-20th century plays a huge rolein today’s NLP practice. Stop words are used to reduce noisy text data, remove uninformative words, speed up text processing, and minimize the amount of memory required to store data.The Kyrgyz language is an agglutinative Turkic language for which no scientific study of stopwords has been previously published in English. In our study, we combined frequency analysis with rule-based linguistic analysis. First, we found the most frequently used words, set a threshold, and removed words below the threshold. So we got a list of the most frequently used words. Then we reduced the list by excluding from the list all words that do not belong to the category offunctionwordsof the Kyrgyz language. Finally, we got a list of 50 words that can be considered stop wordsin the Kyrgyz language. In our analysis, we used a single corpus of sentences collected and posted as an open source project by one of the local broadcasters.</span></p><p id="h.qnafi1l77ad4" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.32; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">KEYWORDS</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: none; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0.0pt; padding-bottom: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; padding-right: 0.0pt; padding-top: 0.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">stop words, Kyrgyz language, frequency analysis, Turkic stop words, NLP.</span></p><br><br></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><section id="h.648a9495d5e9d06a_77" class="yaqOZd cJgDec nyKByd" style=""><div class="IFuOkc" style="background-position: center center; background-image: url(https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/g0Ob2Hk39quKDZPPJn9vUXWNbKOVRGpaIyEljoFe8krlaRt_2eSuwfqWpEezkCOwrOMlD_mjJQ0ZmXly4ovq2B4=w16383); background-size: cover;"></div><div class="mYVXT"><div class="LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc" tabindex="-1"><div class="hJDwNd-AhqUyc-R6PoUb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-R6PoUb JNdkSc SQVYQc L6cTce-purZT L6cTce-pSzOP"><div class="JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd"><div class="" jscontroller="sGwD4d" jsaction="zXBUYb:zTPCnb;zQF9Uc:Qxe3nd;" jsname="F57UId"></div></div></div><div class="hJDwNd-AhqUyc-c5RTEf Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-c5RTEf purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc"><div class="JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd"><div class="" jscontroller="sGwD4d" jsaction="zXBUYb:zTPCnb;zQF9Uc:Qxe3nd;" jsname="F57UId"><div class="oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me"><div id="h.648a9495d5e9d06a_74" class="hJDwNd-AhqUyc-c5RTEf Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-c5RTEf purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb"><div class="jXK9ad-SmKAyb"><div class="tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe"><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style=""><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #ffffff; 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