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class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Alternar o índice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Alternar o índice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Harmonia vocálica</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir para um artigo noutra língua. Disponível em 50 línguas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-50" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">50 línguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%AA" title="انسجام صائت — árabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="انسجام صائت" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ah%C9%99ng_qanunu" title="Ahəng qanunu — azerbaijano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ahəng qanunu" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7_%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="هاوا یاساسی — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="هاوا یاساسی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85" title="Гармонія галосных — Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Гармонія галосных" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hesonerezh_vogalennek" title="Hesonerezh vogalennek — bretão" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Hesonerezh vogalennek" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harmonia_voc%C3%A0lica" title="Harmonia vocàlica — catalão" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Harmonia vocàlica" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vok%C3%A1lov%C3%A1_harmonie" title="Vokálová harmonie — checo" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Vokálová harmonie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="checo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Сингармонизм — chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Сингармонизм" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vokalharmonie" title="Vokalharmonie — alemão" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Vokalharmonie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wokalna_harmonija" title="Wokalna harmonija — baixo sorábio" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Wokalna harmonija" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="baixo sorábio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A6%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%B7%CE%B5%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Φωνηεντική αρμονία — grego" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Φωνηεντική αρμονία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vowel_harmony" title="Vowel harmony — inglês" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Vowel harmony" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vokala_harmonio" title="Vokala harmonio — esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Vokala harmonio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armon%C3%ADa_voc%C3%A1lica" title="Armonía vocálica — espanhol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Armonía vocálica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vokaalharmoonia" title="Vokaalharmoonia — estónio" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Vokaalharmoonia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estónio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%86%DA%AF%DB%8C_%D9%88%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C" title="هماهنگی واکه‌ای — persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هماهنگی واکه‌ای" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vokaalisointu" title="Vokaalisointu — finlandês" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Vokaalisointu" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vabahelle_kokkok%C3%B5la" title="Vabahelle kokkokõla — Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Vabahelle kokkokõla" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harmonie_vocalique" title="Harmonie vocalique — francês" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Harmonie vocalique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97" title="स्वर सहयोग — hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="स्वर सहयोग" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wokalna_harmonija" title="Wokalna harmonija — alto sorábio" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Wokalna harmonija" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="alto sorábio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mag%C3%A1nhangz%C3%B3-harm%C3%B3nia" title="Magánhangzó-harmónia — húngaro" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Magánhangzó-harmónia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="húngaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%B8%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%BA" title="Հոդակապ — arménio" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հոդակապ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armonia_vocalica" title="Armonia vocalica — italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Armonia vocalica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AF%8D%E9%9F%B3%E8%AA%BF%E5%92%8C" title="母音調和 — japonês" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="母音調和" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80_%D2%AF%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96%D0%B3%D1%96" title="Дауыстылар үндестігі — cazaque" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Дауыстылар үндестігі" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="cazaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EC%9D%8C_%EC%A1%B0%ED%99%94" title="모음 조화 — coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="모음 조화" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%AE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D3%A9%D1%88%D1%82%D2%AF%D0%BA" title="Үндөштүк — quirguiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Үндөштүк" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="quirguiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocaolhermenie" title="Vocaolhermenie — limburguês" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Vocaolhermenie" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburguês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balsi%C5%B3_harmonija" title="Balsių harmonija — lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Balsių harmonija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patska%C5%86u_harmonija" title="Patskaņu harmonija — letão" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Patskaņu harmonija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Самогласна хармонија — macedónio" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Самогласна хармонија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedónio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%B3%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%B3_%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%BE%D1%85_%D1%91%D1%81" title="Эгшиг зохицох ёс — mongol" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Эгшиг зохицох ёс" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klinkerharmonie" title="Klinkerharmonie — neerlandês" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Klinkerharmonie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vokalharmoni" title="Vokalharmoni — norueguês nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Vokalharmoni" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norueguês nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vokalharmoni" title="Vokalharmoni — norueguês bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Vokalharmoni" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norueguês bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%B0_%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE" title="ਸ੍ਵਰ ਇਕਸੁਰਤਾ — panjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸ੍ਵਰ ਇਕਸੁਰਤਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="panjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harmonia_samog%C5%82osek" title="Harmonia samogłosek — polaco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Harmonia samogłosek" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armonie_vocalic%C4%83" title="Armonie vocalică — romeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Armonie vocalică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Сингармонизм — russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сингармонизм" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vouel_harmony" title="Vouel harmony — scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Vouel harmony" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vokalharmoni" title="Vokalharmoni — sueco" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Vokalharmoni" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sueco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%BCy%C3%BCk_%C3%BCnl%C3%BC_uyumu" title="Büyük ünlü uyumu — turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Büyük ünlü uyumu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singarmonizm" title="Singarmonizm — tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Singarmonizm" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Сингармонизм — tuviniano" lang="tyv" 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="pt" dir="ltr"><p><b>Harmonia vocálica</b> é uma característica gramatical e fonológica de algumas línguas como as <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADnguas_fino-%C3%BAgricas" title="Línguas fino-úgricas">línguas fino-úgricas</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> as <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADnguas_turcomanas" title="Línguas turcomanas">línguas turcomanas</a><sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup> e o <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_coreana" title="Língua coreana">coreano</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup> que faz com que vogais em uma palavra concordem com outras vogais. Pode-se, então, ser classificada como uma restrição na aparição de vogais em uma mesma palavra.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup> Geralmente essa restrição define que vogais em uma palavra devem compartilhar qualidades ou características. No húngaro, por exemplo, uma raiz que contenha uma vogal posterior, como "<i>á"</i>, exigirá sufixos que possuam vogais posteriores;<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup> por exemplo, a raiz "<b>hát"</b> (detrás) forma as palavras "<i>hátunk"</i> (nossas costas) e "<i>háton"</i> (sobre nossas costas). Igualmente uma raiz que contenha uma vogal anterior exigirá sufixos que possuam vogais anteriores: a raiz <b>hét</b> (semana) forma as palavras <i>hétünk</i> (nossa semana) e <i>héten</i> (semanal). Alguns estudos propõe que alguns <a href="/wiki/Dialeto" title="Dialeto">dialetos</a> do <a href="/wiki/Portugu%C3%AAs_brasileiro" title="Português brasileiro">português brasileiro</a> apresentem certo grau de harmonia vocálica.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A harmonia vocálica geralmente é presente em línguas com um rico <a href="/wiki/Fonologia" title="Fonologia">arsenal fonológico</a>, onde afixos e sufixos têm suas vogais baseadas nos sons ao redor, e vogais de uma <a href="/wiki/Radical_(lingu%C3%ADstica)" title="Radical (linguística)">raiz</a> geralmente pertencem ao mesmo grupo harmônico de vogais.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referências"><span id="Refer.C3.AAncias"></span>Referências</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Harmonia_voc%C3%A1lica&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editar secção: Referências" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Harmonia_voc%C3%A1lica&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Referências"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Sinor, Denis (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com.br/books?id=TM2NQ78dP2wC&lpg=PA492&hl=pt-BR&pg=PA454#v=onepage&q&f=false"><i>Handbuch Der Orientalistik</i></a> (em alemão). [S.l.]: BRILL</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AHarmonia+voc%C3%A1lica&rft.aufirst=Denis&rft.aulast=Sinor&rft.btitle=Handbuch+Der+Orientalistik&rft.date=1988&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=BRILL&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com.br%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTM2NQ78dP2wC%26lpg%3DPA492%26hl%3Dpt-BR%26pg%3DPA454%23v%3Donepage%26q%26f%3Dfalse&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0">a</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1">b</a></b></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">van der Hulst, Harry. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mcgill.ca/mcgwpl/files/mcgwpl/vanderhulst2012.pdf">«Vowel harmony in Turkish and Hungarian»</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>McGill University</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 1 de fevereiro de 2024</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AHarmonia+voc%C3%A1lica&rft.atitle=Vowel+harmony+in+Turkish+and+Hungarian&rft.aufirst=Harry&rft.aulast=van+der+Hulst&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=McGill+University&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mcgill.ca%2Fmcgwpl%2Ffiles%2Fmcgwpl%2Fvanderhulst2012.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Lee, Sang-Oak (12 de dezembro de 1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://s-space.snu.ac.kr/bitstream/10371/85720/1/6.%202235690.pdf">«AN OVERVIEW OF ISSUES IN THE VOWEL SYSTEM AND VOWEL HARMONY OF KOREAN - Disharmony among the Hypotheses of Vowel Harmony»</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>SNU Open Repository</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 1 de fevereiro de 2024</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200323113557/https://s-space.snu.ac.kr/bitstream/10371/85720/1/6.%202235690.pdf">Cópia arquivada <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> em 23 de março de 2020</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AHarmonia+voc%C3%A1lica&rft.atitle=AN+OVERVIEW+OF+ISSUES+IN+THE+VOWEL+SYSTEM+AND+VOWEL+HARMONY+OF+KOREAN+-+Disharmony+among+the+Hypotheses+of+Vowel+Harmony&rft.aufirst=Sang-Oak&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.date=1984-12-12&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SNU+Open+Repository&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fs-space.snu.ac.kr%2Fbitstream%2F10371%2F85720%2F1%2F6.%25202235690.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-0">a</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-1">b</a></b></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Smolek, Amy (8 de dezembro de 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.swarthmore.edu/sites/default/files/assets/documents/linguistics/2011_Smolek.pdf">«Vowel Harmony in Tuvan and Igbo: Statistical and Optimality Theoretic Analyses»</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>Swarthmore College</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 2 de fevereiro de 2024</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AHarmonia+voc%C3%A1lica&rft.atitle=Vowel+Harmony+in+Tuvan+and+Igbo%3A+Statistical+and+Optimality+Theoretic+Analyses&rft.aufirst=Amy&rft.aulast=Smolek&rft.date=2010-12-08&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Swarthmore+College&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.swarthmore.edu%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fassets%2Fdocuments%2Flinguistics%2F2011_Smolek.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://seer.ufrgs.br/index.php/organon/article/view/37270/27045">«Vista do DISPERSÃO E HARMONIA VOCÁLICA EM DIALETOS DO PORTUGUÊS DO BRASIL»</a>. <i>seer.ufrgs.br</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 1 de fevereiro de 2024</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AHarmonia+voc%C3%A1lica&rft.atitle=Vista+do+DISPERS%C3%83O+E+HARMONIA+VOC%C3%81LICA+EM+DIALETOS+DO+PORTUGU%C3%8AS+DO+BRASIL&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=seer.ufrgs.br&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fseer.ufrgs.br%2Findex.php%2Forganon%2Farticle%2Fview%2F37270%2F27045&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <table class="noprint" style="border-top:none; border-bottom:none; background:transparent; color: inherit"><tbody><tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Aton_(cropped).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Ícone de esboço" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Aton_%28cropped%29.svg/30px-Aton_%28cropped%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Aton_%28cropped%29.svg/45px-Aton_%28cropped%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Aton_%28cropped%29.svg/60px-Aton_%28cropped%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td> <td><i>Este artigo sobre <a href="/wiki/Lingu%C3%ADstica" title="Linguística">linguística</a> ou um linguista é um <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Esbo%C3%A7o" title="Wikipédia:Esboço">esboço</a>. 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