Coronavirus and human rights: Preparing WITNESS's response

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<h1><a onclick="scrollto('.entry-content', 750, -30)" title="Coronavirus and human rights: Preparing WITNESS’s response" class="title ajaxlink">Coronavirus and human rights: Preparing WITNESS's response</a></h1> <span class="meta"> <span class="author"> By <a class="ajaxlink" href="https://blog.witness.org/author/sam/">Sam Gregory</a> </span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script> var img = jQuery("<img />").attr('src', 'https://i0.wp.com/blog.witness.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/COVID_WaitingRoom.png?fit=2160%2C1080&ssl=1') .load(function() { if (!this.complete || typeof this.naturalWidth == "undefined" || this.naturalWidth == 0) { } else { jQuery('#card-27603 .image-background').animate({opacity: 1}, 540, function() {jQuery('.image-background.thumb').fadeOut()} ); } }); jQuery(function() { // ios viewport height (vh) fix $card = jQuery('#card-27603.article-card.squarebig'); var is_iphone = /(iPhone|iPod)/g.test( navigator.userAgent ); var is_ipad = /(iPad)/g.test( navigator.userAgent ); if(is_iphone) { $card.css("height", 600); $card.find('.image-background').css("height", 600); $card.find('.image-background').css("background-attachment", 'scroll'); }; if(is_ipad) { $card.css("height", 800); //$card.find('.image-background').css("height", 700); $card.find('.image-background').css("background-attachment", 'scroll'); }; }) </script> </div></div> <div id="primary" class="content-area"> <main id="main" class="site-main" role="main"> <article id="post-27603" class="post-27603 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-video-for-change tag-brazil tag-burma tag-citizen-video tag-co-presence tag-content-moderation tag-coronavirus tag-covid-19 tag-deepfakes tag-disinformation tag-documentation tag-forced-eviction tag-forced-evictions tag-freedom-of-expression tag-gender-based-violence tag-human-rights tag-idlib tag-livestreaming tag-misinformation tag-myanmar tag-syria tag-verification tag-video-advocacy tag-video-as-evidence tag-yemen"> <div class="entry-content"> <p><strong>UPDATE: Our COVID-19 landing page is <a href="https://lab.witness.org/projects/covid19-response-hub/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">here</a> (and <a href="https://portugues.witness.org/covid-19-video-para-proteger-direitos/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Portuguese</a>, <a href="https://es.witness.org/usando-el-video-durante-la-crisis-de-covid19-para-proteger-los-derechos-humanos/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Spanish</a>)</strong></p> <p>COVID-19 (Coronavirus) is creating rapid and dangerous human rights implications globally, directly impacting people’s lives, livelihoods, security, health, ability to work and freedom of movement and assembly, as well as leading to implications for digital rights and increasing online surveillance.聽The immediate implications of coronavirus – quarantine, enhanced emergency powers, restrictions on sharing information –聽 make it harder for individuals all around the world to document and share the realities of government repression and private actors’ violations.聽<span style="font-weight: 400;">聽In states of emergency, authoritarian governments in particular can operate with further impunity, cracking down on free speech and </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">turning</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> to increasingly repressive measures. </span>The threat of coronavirus and its justifying power provides cover for rights-violating laws and measures that history tells us may long outlive the actual pandemic. And the attention on coronavirus distracts focus from rights issues that are both compounded by the impact of the virus and cannot claim the spotlight now.</p> <p>At WITNESS we are adapting and responding, led by what we learn and hear from the <a href="https://www.witness.org/our-work/regional-programs/">communities of activism, human rights and civic journalism with which we collaborate closely across the world</a>. We will continue to ensure that <a href="https://library.witness.org/">our guidance on direct documentation</a> helps people document the truth even under trying circumstances and widespread misinformation. We will draw on our <a href="https://lab.witness.org/announcing-witness-ethical-guidelines-for-using-eyewitness-footage-in-human-rights/">experience curating voices and information from closed situation</a>s to make sense in confusion. We will provide secure online training while options for physical meeting are curtailed. We will provide meaningful localized guidance on how to document and verify amid an information pandemic; and we will ensure that long-standing struggles are not neglected now when they need it most.</p> <blockquote class="twitter-tweet" data-width="550" data-dnt="true"> <p lang="en" dir="ltr">We are appalled by the conduct of Kenya security agents as shown in this citizen video. All perpetrators of this act must be held to account. Police and other law enforcement agents must safeguard human rights even as they enforce govt's regulation during this time. <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/CurfewKenya?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#CurfewKenya</a> <a href="https://t.co/MUfxGGKl8A">pic.twitter.com/MUfxGGKl8A</a></p> <p>— WITNESS Africa (@witness_africa) <a href="https://twitter.com/witness_africa/status/1243569546520342528?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">March 27, 2020</a></p></blockquote> <p><script async src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script></p> <p>In this crisis moment, it is critical that we enhance the abilities and defend the rights of people who document and share critical realities from the ground. Across the three core thematic issues we currently work on, the need is critical. For issues such as <a href="http://vae.witness.org">video as evidence from conflict zones</a>, these wars continue on and reach their apex even as coronavirus takes all the attention away. We need only look to the current situation in Idlib, Yemen or in other states of conflict in the Middle East.</p> <p>For other issues, like state violence against minorities, many people already live in a state of emergency.</p> <figure id="attachment_27619" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-27619" style="width: 433px" class="wp-caption alignright"><img data-recalc-dims="1" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" data-attachment-id="27619" data-permalink="https://blog.witness.org/2020/03/coronavirusresponse/raullsantiago_coletivopaporetoresponsecorona/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/blog.witness.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/RaullSantiago_ColetivoPapoRetoResponseCorona.jpeg?fit=2048%2C1794&ssl=1" data-orig-size="2048,1794" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="RaullSantiago_ColetivoPapoRetoResponseCorona" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>Coronavirus response in Complexo do Alem茫o favela, Rio de Janeiro (credit: Raull Santiago)</p> " data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/blog.witness.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/RaullSantiago_ColetivoPapoRetoResponseCorona.jpeg?fit=300%2C263&ssl=1" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/blog.witness.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/RaullSantiago_ColetivoPapoRetoResponseCorona.jpeg?fit=960%2C841&ssl=1" class=" wp-image-27619" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.witness.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/RaullSantiago_ColetivoPapoRetoResponseCorona.jpeg?resize=433%2C381&ssl=1" alt="" width="433" height="381" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.witness.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/RaullSantiago_ColetivoPapoRetoResponseCorona.jpeg?resize=300%2C263&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.witness.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/RaullSantiago_ColetivoPapoRetoResponseCorona.jpeg?resize=200%2C175&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.witness.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/RaullSantiago_ColetivoPapoRetoResponseCorona.jpeg?zoom=2&resize=433%2C381&ssl=1 866w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.witness.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/RaullSantiago_ColetivoPapoRetoResponseCorona.jpeg?zoom=3&resize=433%2C381&ssl=1 1299w" sizes="(max-width: 433px) 100vw, 433px" /><figcaption id="caption-attachment-27619" class="wp-caption-text">Coronavirus response in Complexo do Alem茫o favela, Rio de Janeiro (credit: Raull Santiago)</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="https://portugues.witness.org/mural-de-noticias/">Favela residents in Brazil have lived </a>with vastly elevated levels of police killings of civilians for years, and now face a parallel health emergency.聽Meanwhile <a href="https://lab.witness.org/projects/eyes-on-ice/">immigrant communities in the US have lived in fear of ICE for years</a> and must now weigh their physical health against their physical safety and family integrity. Many communities – in Kashmir and in Rakhine State, Burma – live without access to the internet on an ongoing basis and must <a href="https://blog.witness.org/2020/02/documenting-during-internet-shutdowns/">still try and share what is happening</a>. And for those who fight for their land rights and environmental justice, coronavirus is both a threat to vulnerable indigenous and poor communities lacking health care, sanitation and state support as well as a powerful distraction from their battle against structural injustice.</p> <p>A critical part of WITNESS’ strategy is our work to ensure technology companies actions and government regulation of technology are accountable to the most vulnerable members of our global society – marginalized populations globally, particularly those outside the US and Europe, as well as human rights defenders and civic journalists. As responses to coronavirus kick-in there are critical implications in how both civic technology and commercial technology are now being deployed and will be deployed.</p> <p>Already, coronavirus has acted as an accelerant – like fuel on the fire – to existing trends in technology. Some of these have potentially profound negative impacts for human rights values, human rights documentation and human rights defenders; others may hold a silver lining.</p> <p>My colleague Dia Kayyali has already written about the <a href="https://blog.witness.org/2020/03/as-content-moderators-go-home-content-could-go-down/">sudden shift to much broader algorithmic content moderatio</a>n that took place last week as Facebook, Twitter, Google and YouTube sent home their human moderators. Over the past years, we’ve seen the implications of both a move to algorithmic moderation and a lack of will and resourcing: from hate speech staying on platforms in vulnerable societies, to the removal聽<a href="https://blog.witness.org/2017/08/vital-human-rights-evidence-syria-disappearing-youtube/">critical war crimes evidence at scale from YouTube</a>, to a lack of accountability for decisions made under the guise of countering terrorist and violent extremist content. But in civil society we did not anticipate that such a shift to more broad algorithmic control would happen so rapidly in such a short period of time. We must closely monitor and push for this change not to adversely affect societies and critical struggles worldwide in a moment when they are already threatened by isolation and increased government repression. As Dia suggests, now is the moment for these companies to finally make their algorithms and content moderation processes more transparent to critical civil society experts, as well as reset on how they support and treat the human beings who do the dirty work of moderation.</p> <p>WITNESS’s work on misinformation and disinformation spans a decade of supporting the production of truthful, trustworthy content in war zones, crises and long-standing struggles for rights. Most recently we have focused on the emerging threats from <a href="https://lab.witness.org/projects/synthetic-media-and-deep-fakes/">deepfakes and other forms of synthetic media</a> that enable increasingly realistic fakery of what looks like a real person saying or doing something they never did.</p> <p>We’ve led the first global expert meetings in <a href="https://lab.witness.org/brazil-deepfakes-prepare-now/">Brazil</a>, <a href="https://blog.witness.org/2020/02/report-pretoria-deepfakes-workshop/">Southern Africa</a> and Southeast Asia on what arights-respecting, global responses should look like in terms of understanding threats and solutions. Feedback from聽these sessions has stressed the need for attention to a continuum of audiovisual misinformation including ‘shallowfakes’, the simpler forms of miscontextualized and lightly edited videos that dominate attempts to confuse and deceive. Right now, social media platforms are unleashing聽<a href="https://firstdraftnews.org/latest/how-social-media-platforms-are-responding-to-the-coronavirus-infodemic/">a series of responses to misinformation around Coronavirus</a> – from highlighting authoritative health information from country-level and international sources, to curating resources, offering help centers, and taking down a wider range of content that misinforms, deceives or price gouges including even leading politicians, such as <a href="https://www.axios.com/twitter-coronavirus-misinformation-giuliani-bolsonaro-91b82076-41eb-40e1-8cae-df8cbbdc175a.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">President Bolsonaro in Brazil</a>. The question we must ask is what we want to see internet companies continue to do after the crisis: what should they do for a wider range of misinformation and disinformation outside of health – and what do we not want them to do? We’ll be sharing more about this in the coming weeks.</p> <p><img data-recalc-dims="1" decoding="async" data-attachment-id="27628" data-permalink="https://blog.witness.org/2020/03/coronavirusresponse/covid_fueltofire/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/blog.witness.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/COVID_FuelToFire.png?fit=2160%2C1080&ssl=1" data-orig-size="2160,1080" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="COVID_FuelToFire" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/blog.witness.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/COVID_FuelToFire.png?fit=300%2C150&ssl=1" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/blog.witness.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/COVID_FuelToFire.png?fit=960%2C480&ssl=1" class=" wp-image-27628 aligncenter" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.witness.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/COVID_FuelToFire.png?resize=407%2C204&ssl=1" alt="" width="407" height="204" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.witness.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/COVID_FuelToFire.png?resize=300%2C150&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.witness.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/COVID_FuelToFire.png?resize=768%2C384&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.witness.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/COVID_FuelToFire.png?resize=1024%2C512&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.witness.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/COVID_FuelToFire.png?resize=200%2C100&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.witness.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/COVID_FuelToFire.png?w=1920&ssl=1 1920w" sizes="(max-width: 407px) 100vw, 407px" /></p> <p>And where can we find a technological silver lining? One area may be the potential to discover and explore new ways to act in solidarity and agency with each other online. A long-standing area of work at WITNESS is聽<a href="https://lab.witness.org/projects/livestream-co-present-storytelling-action/">how to use ‘co-presence’ and livestreaming</a> to bridge social distances and help people witness snd support one another when physical proximity is not possible.<a href="https://lab.witness.org/projects/livestream-co-present-storytelling-action/"><img data-recalc-dims="1" decoding="async" data-attachment-id="27623" data-permalink="https://blog.witness.org/2020/03/coronavirusresponse/screen-shot-2020-03-30-at-9-51-10-am/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/blog.witness.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Screen-Shot-2020-03-30-at-9.51.10-AM.png?fit=1692%2C1050&ssl=1" data-orig-size="1692,1050" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="Live-streaming and co-presence" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/blog.witness.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Screen-Shot-2020-03-30-at-9.51.10-AM.png?fit=300%2C186&ssl=1" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/blog.witness.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Screen-Shot-2020-03-30-at-9.51.10-AM.png?fit=960%2C595&ssl=1" class=" wp-image-27623 alignright" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.witness.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Screen-Shot-2020-03-30-at-9.51.10-AM.png?resize=466%2C289&ssl=1" alt="" width="466" height="289" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.witness.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Screen-Shot-2020-03-30-at-9.51.10-AM.png?resize=300%2C186&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.witness.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Screen-Shot-2020-03-30-at-9.51.10-AM.png?resize=768%2C477&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.witness.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Screen-Shot-2020-03-30-at-9.51.10-AM.png?resize=1024%2C635&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.witness.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Screen-Shot-2020-03-30-at-9.51.10-AM.png?resize=200%2C124&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.witness.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Screen-Shot-2020-03-30-at-9.51.10-AM.png?w=1692&ssl=1 1692w" sizes="(max-width: 466px) 100vw, 466px" /></a></p> <p>Our <a href="https://lab.witness.org/portfolio_page/introduction-to-mobil-eyes-us/">Mobil-Eyes Us project</a> supported favela-based activists to use live video to better engage their audiences to be with them, and provide meaningful support. In parts of the world that benefit from broadband internet access, and the absence of arbitrary shutdowns, and the ability to physically isolate, we are seeing an explosion of experimentation in how to operate better in a world that is both physically distanced, yet still socially proximate. We should learn from this and drive experimentation and action in ensuring that even as our freedom of assembly in physical space is curtailed for legitimate (and illegitimate) reasons, our ability to assemble online in meaningful action is not curtailed but enhanced.</p> <p>In moments of crisis good and bad actors alike will try and push the agenda that they want. In this moment of acceleration and crisis, WITNESS is committed to ensuring an agenda firmly grounded, and led by a human rights vision and the wants and needs of vulnerable communities and human rights defenders worldwide.</p> <div class="sharedaddy sd-sharing-enabled"><div class="robots-nocontent sd-block sd-social sd-social-icon-text sd-sharing"><h3 class="sd-title">Share this:</h3><div class="sd-content"><ul><li class="share-twitter"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" data-shared="sharing-twitter-27603" class="share-twitter sd-button share-icon" href="https://blog.witness.org/2020/03/coronavirusresponse/?share=twitter" target="_blank" title="Click to share on Twitter" ><span>Twitter</span></a></li><li class="share-facebook"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" data-shared="sharing-facebook-27603" class="share-facebook sd-button share-icon" href="https://blog.witness.org/2020/03/coronavirusresponse/?share=facebook" target="_blank" title="Click to share on Facebook" ><span>Facebook</span></a></li><li class="share-pinterest"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" data-shared="sharing-pinterest-27603" class="share-pinterest sd-button share-icon" href="https://blog.witness.org/2020/03/coronavirusresponse/?share=pinterest" target="_blank" title="Click to share on Pinterest" ><span>Pinterest</span></a></li><li class="share-linkedin"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" data-shared="sharing-linkedin-27603" class="share-linkedin sd-button share-icon" href="https://blog.witness.org/2020/03/coronavirusresponse/?share=linkedin" target="_blank" title="Click to share on LinkedIn" ><span>LinkedIn</span></a></li><li class="share-email"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" data-shared="" class="share-email sd-button share-icon" href="mailto:?subject=%5BShared%20Post%5D%20Coronavirus%20and%20human%20rights%3A%20Preparing%20WITNESS%27s%20response&body=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.witness.org%2F2020%2F03%2Fcoronavirusresponse%2F&share=email" target="_blank" title="Click to email a link to a friend" data-email-share-error-title="Do you have email set up?" data-email-share-error-text="If you're having problems sharing via email, you might not have email set up for your browser. 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Coronavirus and human rights: Preparing WITNESS's response - WITNESS Blog