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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Usage in Ottoman royalty</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Usage_in_Ottoman_royalty-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Usage in Ottoman royalty subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Usage_in_Ottoman_royalty-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Decline_of_the_Haseki" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Decline_of_the_Haseki"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Decline of the Haseki</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Decline_of_the_Haseki-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_Hasekis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_Hasekis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>List of Hasekis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_Hasekis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Footnotes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Footnotes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Footnotes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Footnotes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table 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Available in 36 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-36" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">36 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%83%D9%8A_%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%86" title="خاصكي سلطان – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="خاصكي سلطان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Has%C9%99ki_Sultan" title="Hasəki Sultan – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Hasəki Sultan" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="হাসেকি সুলতান – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="হাসেকি সুলতান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Һасеки – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Һасеки" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Хасеки – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Хасеки" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haseki_sultan" title="Haseki sultan – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Haseki sultan" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haseki_sultan" title="Haseki sultan – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Haseki sultan" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haseki_Sultan" title="Haseki Sultan – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Haseki Sultan" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%BA%CE%AF_%CF%83%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BB%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B1" title="Χασεκί σουλτάνα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χασεκί σουλτάνα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haseki_sultan" title="Haseki sultan – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Haseki sultan" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5%DA%AF%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%86" title="خاصگی سلطان – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="خاصگی سلطان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haseki" title="Haseki – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Haseki" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%95%98%EC%84%B8%ED%82%A4_%EC%88%A0%ED%83%84" title="하세키 술탄 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="하세키 술탄" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haseki_sultan" title="Haseki sultan – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Haseki sultan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haseki_Sultan" title="Haseki Sultan – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Haseki Sultan" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%99_%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%98%D7%90%D7%9F" title="האסקי סולטאן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="האסקי סולטאן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%99%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%97%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ჰასეკი სულთანი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჰასეკი სულთანი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haseki_Sult%C4%81ne" title="Haseki Sultāne – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Haseki Sultāne" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haszeki_szult%C3%A1na" title="Haszeki szultána – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Haszeki szultána" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Хасеки султан – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Хасеки султан" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haseki_sultan" title="Haseki sultan – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Haseki sultan" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%86" title="خاصکی سلطان – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="خاصکی سلطان" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haseki_Sultan" title="Haseki Sultan – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Haseki Sultan" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hasequi_sultana" title="Hasequi sultana – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Hasequi sultana" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Хасеки – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хасеки" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hasekiu" title="Hasekiu – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Hasekiu" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%9A%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%92_%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" title="හසේකි සුල්තාන් – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="හසේකි සුල්තාන්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%95%DA%AF%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D9%88%DA%B5%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="خاسەگی سوڵتان – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="خاسەگی سوڵتان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Хасеки султанија – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хасеки султанија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haseki_sultanija" title="Haseki sultanija – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Haseki sultanija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haseki_Sultan" title="Haseki Sultan – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Haseki Sultan" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haseki_Sultan" title="Haseki Sultan – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Haseki Sultan" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haseki_sultan" title="Haseki sultan – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Haseki sultan" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Хасекі – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Хасекі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%86" title="خاصکی سلطان – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="خاصکی سلطان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9%E5%90%8E" title="蘇丹后 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="蘇丹后" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q59057#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Haseki_Huerrem_Sultan_Roxelane.jpg/250px-Haseki_Huerrem_Sultan_Roxelane.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="266" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Haseki_Huerrem_Sultan_Roxelane.jpg/330px-Haseki_Huerrem_Sultan_Roxelane.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Haseki_Huerrem_Sultan_Roxelane.jpg/500px-Haseki_Huerrem_Sultan_Roxelane.jpg 2x" data-file-width="567" data-file-height="686" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/H%C3%BCrrem_Sultan" class="mw-redirect" title="Hürrem Sultan">Hürrem Sultan</a>, the first Haseki of the Ottoman Empire</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Haseki Sultan</b> (<a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Turkish_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman Turkish language">Ottoman Turkish</a>: <span lang="ota" dir="rtl">خاصکى سلطان</span>, <i>Ḫāṣekī Sulṭān</i> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="tr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Turkish" title="Help:IPA/Turkish">[haseˈci<span class="wrap"> </span>suɫˈtaːn]</a></span>) was the title used for the chief consort of an Ottoman sultan. In later years, the meaning of the title changed to "imperial consort".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPeirce1993107_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPeirce1993107-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Hurrem_Sultan" class="mw-redirect" title="Hurrem Sultan">Hurrem Sultan</a>, principal consort and legal wife of <a href="/wiki/Suleiman_the_Magnificent" title="Suleiman the Magnificent">Suleiman the Magnificent</a>, was the first holder of this title.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The title lost its exclusivity under <a href="/wiki/Ibrahim_of_the_Ottoman_Empire" title="Ibrahim of the Ottoman Empire">Ibrahim I</a>, who bestowed it upon eight women simultaneously. The title haseki sultan was used until the 17th century. After that, <i><a href="/wiki/Kad%C4%B1nefendi" class="mw-redirect" title="Kadınefendi">kadınefendi</a></i> became the highest ranking title for imperial consorts, although this title was not as prestigious as haseki sultan. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Term">Term</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haseki_sultan&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Term"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The word <i>haseki</i> (خاصکي-خاصگی) comes from the Arabic word <i>Khassa</i> (خاصه) which is suffixed with the Persian <i>gi</i> (گی) and means "to attribute something exclusively to". <i>Haseki</i> is, therefore, one who belongs exclusively to the sultan.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan">Sultan</a> (سلطان) is an Arabic word, that indicates "authority" or "dominion". starting from the 16th century, this title was carried by both men and women of the Ottoman dynasty. Thus, replacing other titles by which prominent members of the imperial family had been known (notably <i>hatun</i> for women and <i>bey</i> for men).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPeirce199318_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPeirce199318-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This usage underlines the Ottoman conception of sovereign power as family prerogative. The Ottoman title <a href="/wiki/Haseki_Sultan" class="mw-redirect" title="Haseki Sultan">Haseki Sultan</a> was an equivalent european title of <a href="/wiki/Queen_consort" title="Queen consort">Queen consort</a>. Before <a href="/wiki/Roxelana" title="Roxelana">Hürrem Sultan</a>, the Ottoman empire never had a titled queen. However, Suleiman the Magnificent broke tradition and freed his former concubine Hürrem from slavery, and legally married her elevating her position from <i>favorite consort</i> to <i>Queen consort</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A handful of Ottoman Sultanas held the same title after Hürrem, but not necessarily resulting from legal marriage like the case of Hürrem. Nurbanu Sultan, Kösem Sultan and Gülnuş Sultan were legally married by their respective spouses, the Ottoman Sultans. After the death of Gülnuş Sultan, no Ottoman Sultan legally married his consort. After nearly 130 years, Sultan Abdulmejid I legally married Rahime Perestu Sultan. Although the title of <a href="/wiki/Haseki_Sultan" class="mw-redirect" title="Haseki Sultan">Haseki Sultan</a> was abolished then, Perestu again was given the official title of legal wife and "Queen consort", though Perestu was not active in politics like her predecessors neither in the reign of her husband nor the reign of her step-son Abdulhamid II, who, out of gratitude that Perestu raised him as her own child after his own mother died while he was still young, gave her the title of <a href="/wiki/Valide_Sultan" class="mw-redirect" title="Valide Sultan">Valide Sultan</a> meaning "Queen mother". Perestu became the most powerful woman in the empire, but again was not involved in politics. Perestu was the last woman in Ottoman history to be legally married to an Ottoman Sultan, the last woman to be a "Queen consort", and the first and last woman to hold the title of Valide Sultan without being the Sultan's biological mother. After Perestu's death in 1906, No woman held the title of <a href="/wiki/Valide_Sultan" class="mw-redirect" title="Valide Sultan">Valide Sultan</a> until the Ottoman monarchy was abolished in 1922. </p><p>Westerns know the Ottoman ruler as "sultan", but the Ottomans also used Persian terms such as "padişah" (emperor) or "hünkar" to refer to their ruler.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPeirce199318_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPeirce199318-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The emperor's formal title consisted of "sultan" together with "<a href="/wiki/Khan_(title)" title="Khan (title)">han</a>" (for example, <a href="/wiki/Suleiman_the_Magnificent" title="Suleiman the Magnificent">Sultan Suleiman Han</a>). In formal address, the sultan's children were also entitled "sultan", with imperial princes (<a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eehzade" title="Şehzade">şehzade</a>) carrying the title before their given name, and imperial princesses carrying it after. Examples include Sultan Suleiman's son <a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eehzade_Mehmed" title="Şehzade Mehmed">Şehzade Sultan Mehmed</a> and his daughter <a href="/wiki/Mihrimah_Sultan_(daughter_of_Suleiman_I)" title="Mihrimah Sultan (daughter of Suleiman I)">Mihrimah Sultan</a>. Like imperial princesses, the living mothers and main consorts of the reigning sultan carried the title "sultan" after their given names, for example, <a href="/wiki/Hafsa_Sultan" title="Hafsa Sultan">Hafsa Sultan</a>, Suleiman's mother and first <a href="/wiki/Valide_sultan" title="Valide sultan">valide sultan</a>, and <a href="/wiki/H%C3%BCrrem_Sultan" class="mw-redirect" title="Hürrem Sultan">Hürrem Sultan</a>, Suleiman's chief consort and first haseki sultan. The evolving usage of this title reflected power shifts among imperial women, especially during the <a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Women" title="Sultanate of Women">Sultanate of Women</a>. As the position of the chief consort eroded over the course of the 17th century, the main consort lost the title "sultan", which was replaced by "kadin", a title related to the earlier "hatun". Henceforth, the mother of the reigning sultan was the only person of non-imperial blood to carry the title "sultan".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPeirce199318_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPeirce199318-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Title <i>haseki</i> carried before or after given name. According to a genealogical website, the formal way of addressing a <i>haseki</i> is <i>Devletlû İsmetlu</i> (given name) <i>Haseki Sultân Aliyyetü'ş-Şân Hazretleri</i>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The title “sultan” was often translated to <i><a href="/wiki/Sultana_(title)" title="Sultana (title)">sultana</a></i>, which does not exist in Ottoman royalty, possibly to distinguish female members of the dynasty from the male sultan. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Usage_in_Ottoman_royalty">Usage in Ottoman royalty</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haseki_sultan&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Usage in Ottoman royalty"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the early period of the usage of haseki, this title was held by the chief consort of the sultan with special status, and surpassed other titles and ranks by which the prominent consorts of the sultans had been known (<i>hatun</i> and <i>kadin</i>). A haseki sultan had an important place in the palace, being the second most powerful woman and enjoyed the greatest status in the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Harem" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial Harem">Imperial Harem</a> after <a href="/wiki/Valide_sultan" title="Valide sultan">valide sultan</a> and usually had chambers close to the sultan's chamber. Haseki Sultan's position, used for a century, reflected the great power of imperial consorts, who were former slaves, in the Ottoman court, elevating their status higher than the Ottoman princesses, and making them the equals of the empress consorts in Europe. </p><p>When the position of valide sultan was vacant, a haseki could take valide's role, have access to considerable economic resources, become chief of the Imperial Harem, sultan's advisor in political matters, and even have an influence on foreign policy and on international politics. These cases happened during <a href="/wiki/H%C3%BCrrem_Sultan" class="mw-redirect" title="Hürrem Sultan">Hürrem Sultan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nurbanu_Sultan" title="Nurbanu Sultan">Nurbanu Sultan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Safiye_Sultan_(Haseki_of_Murad_III)" class="mw-redirect" title="Safiye Sultan (Haseki of Murad III)">Safiye Sultan</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPeirce199358_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPeirce199358-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6sem_Sultan" title="Kösem Sultan">Kösem Sultan</a>'s eras. </p><p>Hürrem, the first imperial consort who became haseki sultan, was given several special rights during her tenure, especially after the death of Suleiman's mother, Hafsa Sultan, the first valide sultan, in 1534. Hürrem was allowed to give birth to more than one son, which was a stark violation of the old Imperial Harem principle of "one concubine mother — one son" that was designed to prevent both the mother's influence over the sultan and the feuds of the blood brothers for the throne. In 1525 or 1526 (the exact date is unknown), Suleiman married Hürrem in a magnificent formal ceremony, making him the first Ottoman Sultan to wed since <a href="/wiki/Mehmed_II" title="Mehmed II">Mehmed II</a> (reign 1451–1481), and violating a 200-year-old custom of the Ottoman imperial house according to which sultans were not to marry their concubines (Mehmed's legal wife was a free noble woman, <a href="/wiki/Sitti%C5%9Fah_Hatun" title="Sittişah Hatun">Sittişah Hatun</a>). Later, Hürrem became the first prince's mother to remain in the Sultan's court for the duration of her life. In the Ottoman imperial family tradition, a sultan's consort was to remain in the harem only until her son came of age (around 16 or 17), after which he would be sent away from the capital, accompanied by his mother, to govern a faraway province. Hürrem became Suleiman's partner not only in household, but also in state affairs. Thanks to her intelligence, she acted as Suleiman's chief adviser, and she seems to have had an influence upon foreign policy and international politics. Hürrem's great power signaled the rise of the chief imperial consort under the title of haseki. </p><p>A mother's political role traditionally began with the creation of a separate household for her son. The establishment of her public politic identity entailed her separation from the sultan and his household. As noted above, this kind of functional division appears to have occurred with Nurbanu Sultan, in spite of the fact that she never left the sultan's household like her predecessor Hürrem, the shift in her role, that is, their assumption of candidly political role as haseki may well have coincided with their sons’ assumption of their political posts.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPeirce1993104_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPeirce1993104-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Even though it became a great position, haseki was not used during reign of <a href="/wiki/Mehmed_III" title="Mehmed III">Mehmed III</a>, son of <a href="/wiki/Murad_III" title="Murad III">Murad III</a>, which was probably due to the prominent role played by his mother, <a href="/wiki/Safiye_Sultan_(Haseki_of_Murad_III)" class="mw-redirect" title="Safiye Sultan (Haseki of Murad III)">Safiye Sultan</a>. </p><p>Haseki was used again during the reign of Mehmed's son <a href="/wiki/Ahmed_I" title="Ahmed I">Ahmed I</a>. The career of Ahmed was very much like that of Suleiman. He chose his second or third consort, <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6sem_Sultan" title="Kösem Sultan">Kösem</a>, as his haseki. Kösem's career was similar to that of Hürrem in an important respect.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPeirce1993105_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPeirce1993105-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Like Hürrem, Kösem is blamed for acting to preserve her own power rather than that of the sultan or of the dynasty. It is certainly worth noting that the two women of the dynasty to suffer the harshest judgment by history had two things in common: the absence of a valide sultan during most of their career as haseki and an unusually large number of sons. What appears to have earned them their unsavory reputation was their power to influence the fate of the empire by favoring one of their sons over another.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPeirce1993106_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPeirce1993106-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The greatest contribution of Kösem during her tenure as haseki possibly was the significant modifications in the pattern of succession to the throne from a system of <a href="/wiki/Primogeniture" title="Primogeniture">primogeniture</a> to one based on <a href="/wiki/Agnatic_seniority" title="Agnatic seniority">agnatic seniority</a>. She must have realized the personal gain that might stem from the transition to seniority, coupled with the fact that she was no longer haseki but had a son "in waiting". According to Venetian ambassador, Kösem "lobbied to spare Mustafa the fate of fratricide with the ulterior goal of saving her own son from the same fate."<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This new system meant that potential rulers had to wait a long time in the <i><a href="/wiki/Kafes" title="Kafes">kafes</a></i> before ascending the throne, hence the old age of certain sultans upon their enthronement, which made all of the <a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eehzade" title="Şehzade">şehzades</a> lose their chance to become ruler of one of the Ottoman province as part of their training to become a worthy heir to the throne. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Decline_of_the_Haseki">Decline of the Haseki</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haseki_sultan&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Decline of the Haseki"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>One outcome of all these changes was that the position of haseki lost its traditional logic. A mother's political role traditionally began with the creation of a separate household for her son. The establishment of her public political identity entailed her separation from the sultan and his household. But when under agnatic seniority, şehzades lost access to public adulthood, their mothers lost their public roles as well. It went against the protocol of the dynastic politics to publicly honor the mother of the son who had yet to achieve public identity. The position of haseki as a true favorite of the sultan was thus incompatible with the practice of agnatic seniority.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPeirce1993104_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPeirce1993104-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kösem Sultan was the last of the influential Ottoman hasekis. The other explanation for the decline of the haseki and the re-emergence of the valide in the first decades of the seventeenth century has much to do with Kösem Sultan's personality and the fact that in 1617 she had ceased being a haseki, and if she were to regain power, she could obtain it only from the position of Valide Sultan. </p><p>After Ahmed I's death in 1617, the position of Haseki Sultan lost its special status. <a href="/wiki/Osman_II" title="Osman II">Osman II</a> had a consort with haseki rank, but all that can be determined about her is that her name was <a href="/wiki/Ay%C5%9Fe_Sultan_(wife_of_Osman_II)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ayşe Sultan (wife of Osman II)">Ayşe</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As with Osman, very little is known about the concubines of his brother <a href="/wiki/Murad_IV" title="Murad IV">Murad IV</a>. Privy purse registers record the presence of a single haseki, <a href="/wiki/Ay%C5%9Fe_Sultan_(wife_of_Murad_IV)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ayşe Sultan (wife of Murad IV)">Ayşe</a>, until the very end of Murad's seventeen years reign, when a second haseki appears. It is possible that Murad had only a single concubine until the advent of the second one, or that he had a number of concubines but singled out only two of them as hasekis. <a href="/wiki/Ibrahim_of_the_Ottoman_Empire" title="Ibrahim of the Ottoman Empire">Ibrahim</a> had eight hasekis, of whom the first three – <a href="/wiki/Turhan_Sultan" title="Turhan Sultan">Turhan</a>, <a href="/wiki/A%C5%9Fub_Sultan" class="mw-redirect" title="Aşub Sultan">Aşub</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Muazzez_Sultan" title="Muazzez Sultan">Muazzez</a> – each had one son.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPeirce1993107_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPeirce1993107-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The presence of more than one haseki was a significant change in the reign of Murad and Ibrahim, signaling that the age of the haseki was coming to an end. With Kösem's strong personality and influence as valide sultan, the title haseki sultan which was held by eight women simultaneously, and all şehzades lost their provincial post during Ibrahim's era and it made title haseki lose its special status. In this period the meaning of the title began to shift from a "chief consort" and "single favorite" to something more general like "imperial consort", similar to the earlier <i><a href="/wiki/Hatun" class="mw-redirect" title="Hatun">hatun</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPeirce1993107_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPeirce1993107-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The title haseki sultan was only used for around a century until the 17th century. After that, <i><a href="/wiki/Kad%C4%B1n_(title)" title="Kadın (title)">kadın</a></i> became highest rank for the imperial consorts again, used with title "<i>First</i> <i>Name</i>" <i>Kadın</i> (<i>Efendi)</i>. The last woman in Ottoman history who used the title of "Haseki Sultan" was <a href="/wiki/Rabia_Sultan" title="Rabia Sultan">Rabia Sultan</a>, Haseki of Sultan <a href="/wiki/Ahmed_II" title="Ahmed II">Ahmed II</a> (reign 1691-1695). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_Hasekis">List of Hasekis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haseki_sultan&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: List of Hasekis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The title was first used in the 16th century for <a href="/wiki/H%C3%BCrrem_Sultan" class="mw-redirect" title="Hürrem Sultan">Hürrem Sultan</a>, when she was given favor by <a href="/wiki/Suleiman_the_Magnificent" title="Suleiman the Magnificent">Suleiman the Magnificent</a>. She was his chief consort and the mother of <a href="/wiki/Selim_II" title="Selim II">Selim II</a>. Hürrem Sultan was married to Sultan Suleiman, becoming both his legal wife. The title was next held by <a href="/wiki/Nurbanu_Sultan" title="Nurbanu Sultan">Nurbanu Sultan</a>, favourite consort and wife of <a href="/wiki/Selim_II" title="Selim II">Selim II</a>, and the mother of the next sultan <a href="/wiki/Murad_III" title="Murad III">Murad III</a>. In 1575, just after Murad's accession, <a href="/wiki/Safiye_Sultan_(Haseki_of_Murad_III)" class="mw-redirect" title="Safiye Sultan (Haseki of Murad III)">Safiye Sultan</a> became the haseki and was given a higher rank than the sultan's own sisters, <a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eah_Sultan_(daughter_of_Selim_II)" title="Şah Sultan (daughter of Selim II)">Şah Sultan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gevherhan_Sultan_(daughter_of_Selim_II)" title="Gevherhan Sultan (daughter of Selim II)">Gevherhan Sultan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ismihan_Sultan" title="Ismihan Sultan">Ismihan Sultan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fatma_Sultan_(daughter_of_Selim_II)" title="Fatma Sultan (daughter of Selim II)">Fatma Sultan</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Leslie_P._Peirce" title="Leslie P. Peirce">Leslie P. Peirce</a> points out that during <a href="/wiki/Mehmed_III" title="Mehmed III">Mehmed III</a>'s reign, the title haseki did not came in use.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPeirce1993104_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPeirce1993104-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mehmed's son <a href="/wiki/Ahmed_I" title="Ahmed I">Ahmed I</a> gave the title haseki to <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6sem_Sultan" title="Kösem Sultan">Kösem Sultan</a>, his favourite consort and probably legal wife,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who was the mother of sultans <a href="/wiki/Murad_IV" title="Murad IV">Murad IV</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ibrahim_of_the_Ottoman_Empire" title="Ibrahim of the Ottoman Empire">Ibrahim</a> and dominated the Ottoman Empire early 17th century. <a href="/wiki/Osman_II" title="Osman II">Osman II</a> has probably an haseki, <a href="/wiki/Ay%C5%9Fe_Sultan_(Haseki_of_Osman_II)" title="Ayşe Sultan (Haseki of Osman II)">Ayşe Sultan</a>. <a href="/wiki/Privy_Purse" title="Privy Purse">Privy Purse</a> registers record the presence of <a href="/wiki/Ay%C5%9Fe_Sultan_(Haseki_of_Murad_IV)" title="Ayşe Sultan (Haseki of Murad IV)">Ayşe</a> as <a href="/wiki/Murad_IV" title="Murad IV">Murad IV</a>'s only haseki, until the very end of Murad's seventeen-year reign, when a probably second haseki appears.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPeirce1993107_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPeirce1993107-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ibrahim had eight hasekis;<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPeirce1993107_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPeirce1993107-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Turhan_Sultan" title="Turhan Sultan">Turhan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saliha_Dila%C5%9Fub_Sultan" title="Saliha Dilaşub Sultan">Saliha Dilaşub</a>, <a href="/wiki/Muazzez_Sultan" title="Muazzez Sultan">Muazzez</a>, Ayşe, Mahienver, Saçbağli, <a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eivekar_Sultan" title="Şivekar Sultan">Şivekar</a> and <a href="/wiki/H%C3%BCma%C5%9Fah_Sultan_(wife_of_Ibrahim)" title="Hümaşah Sultan (wife of Ibrahim)">Hümaşah Sultan</a>. Ibrahim's son and successor is known to have one haseki, <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BClnu%C5%9F_Sultan" title="Gülnuş Sultan">Gülnuş Sultan</a>. <a href="/wiki/Suleiman_II_of_the_Ottoman_Empire" title="Suleiman II of the Ottoman Empire">Suleiman II</a> didn't have an haseki. His brother <a href="/wiki/Ahmed_II" title="Ahmed II">Ahmed II</a> had an haseki, <a href="/wiki/Rabia_Sultan" title="Rabia Sultan">Rabia Sultan</a>, who was the last woman to have the title. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Portrait </th> <th>Name </th> <th>Maiden Name </th> <th>Origin </th> <th>Ceased to be the Imperial Consort </th> <th>Death </th> <th>Partner </th></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Haseki_Huerrem_Sultan_Roxelane.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Haseki_Huerrem_Sultan_Roxelane.jpg/250px-Haseki_Huerrem_Sultan_Roxelane.jpg" decoding="async" width="190" height="230" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Haseki_Huerrem_Sultan_Roxelane.jpg/330px-Haseki_Huerrem_Sultan_Roxelane.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Haseki_Huerrem_Sultan_Roxelane.jpg/500px-Haseki_Huerrem_Sultan_Roxelane.jpg 2x" data-file-width="567" data-file-height="686" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/H%C3%BCrrem_Sultan" class="mw-redirect" title="Hürrem Sultan">Hürrem Sultan</a><br />حریم سلطان</td> <td align="center">Alexandra (Anastasia) Lisowska</td> <td align="center">Ruthenian</td> <td align="center">15 April 1558<br /><i>her death</i></td> <td align="center">15 April 1558</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Suleiman_the_Magnificent" title="Suleiman the Magnificent">Suleiman the Magnificent</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Nurbanu_Sultan" title="Nurbanu Sultan">Nurbanu Sultan</a><br />نور بانو سلطان</td> <td align="center">Cecilia Venier-Baffo or<br />Rachel or<br />Kalē Kartanou</td> <td align="center">Venetian or Jewish or Greek</td> <td align="center">15 December 1574<br /><i>Sultan's death</i></td> <td align="center">7 December 1583</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Selim_II" title="Selim II">Selim II</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Safiye_sultan_l.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Safiye_sultan_l.jpg/150px-Safiye_sultan_l.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Safiye_sultan_l.jpg/225px-Safiye_sultan_l.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Safiye_sultan_l.jpg/300px-Safiye_sultan_l.jpg 2x" data-file-width="518" data-file-height="656" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Safiye_Sultan_(Haseki_of_Murad_III)" class="mw-redirect" title="Safiye Sultan (Haseki of Murad III)">Safiye Sultan</a><br />صفیه سلطان</td> <td align="center"></td> <td align="center">Albanian</td> <td align="center">15 January 1595<br /><i>Sultan's death</i></td> <td align="center">after 1619</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Murad_III" title="Murad III">Murad III</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_portrait_of_K%C3%B6sem_Sultan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/A_portrait_of_K%C3%B6sem_Sultan.jpg/250px-A_portrait_of_K%C3%B6sem_Sultan.jpg" decoding="async" width="195" height="241" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/A_portrait_of_K%C3%B6sem_Sultan.jpg/330px-A_portrait_of_K%C3%B6sem_Sultan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/A_portrait_of_K%C3%B6sem_Sultan.jpg/500px-A_portrait_of_K%C3%B6sem_Sultan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1107" data-file-height="1366" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6sem_Sultan" title="Kösem Sultan">Kösem Sultan</a><br />قسّم سلطان</td> <td align="center">Unknown<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEİlgürel2002Tezcan2008Britannica_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEİlgürel2002Tezcan2008Britannica-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESomel2003158_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESomel2003158-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td align="center">Greek</td> <td align="center">22 November 1617<br /><i>Sultan's death</i></td> <td align="center">3 September 1651</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_I" title="Ahmed I">Ahmed I</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Ay%C5%9Fe_Sultan_(Haseki_of_Osman_II)" title="Ayşe Sultan (Haseki of Osman II)">Ayşe Sultan</a><br />عایشه سلطان <p>(<i>disputed</i>) </p> </td> <td align="center"></td> <td align="center">unknown<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPeirce1993106_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPeirce1993106-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td align="center">1622<br /><i>Sultan's deposition</i></td> <td align="center">1640</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Osman_II" title="Osman II">Osman II</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Ay%C5%9Fe_Sultan_(Haseki_of_Murad_IV)" title="Ayşe Sultan (Haseki of Murad IV)">Ayşe Sultan</a><br />عایشه سلطان</td> <td align="center"></td> <td align="center">unknown</td> <td align="center">1640<br /><i>Sultan's death</i></td> <td align="center">1680</td> <td rowspan="2" align="center"><a href="/wiki/Murad_IV" title="Murad IV">Murad IV</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td align="center">Şemsişah Sultan<br />شمس شاه سلطان <p>(<i>disputed</i>) </p> </td> <td align="center">Zilikhan (or Zilihan, Zilikhana, Zilihana) Dadiani</td> <td align="center">Mingrelian, Georgian</td> <td align="center">1640<br /><i>Sultan's death</i></td> <td align="center">1698 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Turhan_Hatice.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Turhan_Hatice.jpg/250px-Turhan_Hatice.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Turhan_Hatice.jpg/330px-Turhan_Hatice.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1588" data-file-height="1928" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Turhan_Hatice_Sultan" class="mw-redirect" title="Turhan Hatice Sultan">Turhan Sultan</a><br />ترخان سلطان</td> <td align="center"></td> <td align="center">Russian<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESakaoğlu2008245Baer201135CookeGöknarParker2008214Carsten1961505Karaca2012_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESakaoğlu2008245Baer201135CookeGöknarParker2008214Carsten1961505Karaca2012-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td align="center">8 August 1648<br /><i>Sultan's deposition</i></td> <td align="center">4 August 1683</td> <td rowspan="8" align="center"><a href="/wiki/Ibrahim_of_the_Ottoman_Empire" title="Ibrahim of the Ottoman Empire">Ibrahim I</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Saliha_Dila%C5%9Fub_Sultan" title="Saliha Dilaşub Sultan">Saliha Dilaşub Sultan</a> <br /> آشوب سلطان</td> <td align="center"></td> <td align="center">unknown <sup id="cite_ref-Ald83_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ald83-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESakaoğlu2008253_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESakaoğlu2008253-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td align="center">8 August 1648<br /><i>Sultan's deposition</i></td> <td align="center">4 December 1689 </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Muazzez_Sultan" title="Muazzez Sultan">Muazzez Sultan</a><br /> معزز سلطان</td> <td align="center"></td> <td align="center">unknown<sup id="cite_ref-Ald83_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ald83-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td align="center">8 August 1648<br /><i>Sultan's deposition</i></td> <td align="center">12 September 1687 </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td align="center">Ayşe Sultan <br /> عایشه سلطان</td> <td align="center"></td> <td align="center"></td> <td align="center">8 August 1648<br /><i>Sultan's deposition</i></td> <td align="center">1675 </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td align="center">Mâhenver Sultan <br /> ماه انور سلطان</td> <td align="center"></td> <td align="center">Circassian</td> <td align="center">8 August 1648<br /><i>Sultan's deposition</i></td> <td align="center"> </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Sa%C3%A7ba%C4%9F%C4%B1_Sultan" title="Saçbağı Sultan">Saçbağı Sultan</a><br />سلطان ساچباگلی‎</td> <td align="center"></td> <td align="center">Circassian</td> <td align="center">8 August 1648<br /><i>Sultan's deposition</i></td> <td align="center">1694 </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eivekar_Sultan" title="Şivekar Sultan">Şivekar Sultan</a> <br /> شیوه کار سلطان</td> <td align="center"></td> <td align="center">Armenian</td> <td align="center">8 August 1648<br /><i>Sultan's deposition</i></td> <td align="center">1693 </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/H%C3%BCma%C5%9Fah_Sultan_(wife_of_Ibrahim)" title="Hümaşah Sultan (wife of Ibrahim)">Hümaşah Sultan</a><br />ھما شاہ سلطان</td> <td align="center"></td> <td align="center"></td> <td align="center">8 August 1648<br /><i>Sultan's deposition</i></td> <td align="center">after 1676 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Portrait_of_Rabia_G%C3%BClnu%C5%9F.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Portrait_of_Rabia_G%C3%BClnu%C5%9F.jpg/149px-Portrait_of_Rabia_G%C3%BClnu%C5%9F.jpg" decoding="async" width="149" height="206" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Portrait_of_Rabia_G%C3%BClnu%C5%9F.jpg/224px-Portrait_of_Rabia_G%C3%BClnu%C5%9F.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Portrait_of_Rabia_G%C3%BClnu%C5%9F.jpg/299px-Portrait_of_Rabia_G%C3%BClnu%C5%9F.jpg 2x" data-file-width="610" data-file-height="840" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BClnu%C5%9F_Sultan" title="Gülnuş Sultan">Gülnuş Sultan</a><br />گلنوش سلطان</td> <td align="center">Evmania Voria</td> <td align="center">Greek<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td align="center">8 November 1687<br /><i>Sultan's deposition</i></td> <td align="center">6 November 1715</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Mehmed_IV" title="Mehmed IV">Mehmed IV</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Rabia_Sultan" title="Rabia Sultan">Rabia Sultan</a> <br /> رابعه سلطان</td> <td align="center">Unknown</td> <td align="center">Unknown</td> <td align="center">6 February 1695<br /><i>Sultan's death</i></td> <td align="center">14 January 1712</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_II" title="Ahmed II">Ahmed II</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haseki_sultan&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ottoman_titles_and_appellations" title="List of Ottoman titles and appellations">List of Ottoman titles and appellations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mothers_of_the_Ottoman_sultans" title="List of mothers of the Ottoman sultans">List of mothers of the Ottoman sultans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_consorts_of_the_Ottoman_sultans" class="mw-redirect" title="List of consorts of the Ottoman sultans">List of consorts of the Ottoman sultans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harem" title="Harem">Harem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valide_sultan" title="Valide sultan">Valide Sultan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kad%C4%B1nefendi" class="mw-redirect" title="Kadınefendi">Kadınefendi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Han%C4%B1mefendi" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanımefendi">Hanımefendi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultana_(title)" title="Sultana (title)">Sultana (title)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haseki_sultan&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">According to Piterberg, Osman II did not have haseki and Ayşe just "a politically insignificant consort."<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haseki_sultan&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Footnotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 35em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPeirce1993107-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPeirce1993107_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPeirce1993107_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPeirce1993107_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPeirce1993107_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPeirce1993107_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPeirce1993">Peirce 1993</a>, p. 107.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Peirce (1993) p. 91</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Davis (1986)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPeirce199318-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPeirce199318_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPeirce199318_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPeirce199318_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPeirce1993">Peirce 1993</a>, p. 18.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kal'a, Ahmet (1997). Vakıf on defterleri: Hatt-ı Hümâyûn, 1577–1804. İstanbul Araştırmaları Merkezi. p. 57. ISBN 978-9-758-21504-1.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPeirce199358-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPeirce199358_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPeirce1993">Peirce 1993</a>, p. 58.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPeirce1993104-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPeirce1993104_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPeirce1993104_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPeirce1993104_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPeirce1993">Peirce 1993</a>, p. 104.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPeirce1993105-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPeirce1993105_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPeirce1993">Peirce 1993</a>, p. 105.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPeirce1993106-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPeirce1993106_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPeirce1993106_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPeirce1993">Peirce 1993</a>, p. 106.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Piterberg (2003) p.14</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Piterberg (2003) p.18</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFTezcan2008" class="citation journal cs1">Tezcan, Baki (2008-12-31). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://poj.peeters-leuven.be/content.php?url=article&id=2037143">"The Debut of Kösem Sultan's Political Career"</a>. <i>Turcica</i>. <b>40</b>: <span class="nowrap">347–</span>359. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2143%2FTURC.40.0.2037143">10.2143/TURC.40.0.2037143</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0082-6847">0082-6847</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Turcica&rft.atitle=The+Debut+of+K%C3%B6sem+Sultan%27s+Political+Career&rft.volume=40&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E347-%3C%2Fspan%3E359&rft.date=2008-12-31&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2143%2FTURC.40.0.2037143&rft.issn=0082-6847&rft.aulast=Tezcan&rft.aufirst=Baki&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpoj.peeters-leuven.be%2Fcontent.php%3Furl%3Darticle%26id%3D2037143&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaseki+sultan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEİlgürel2002Tezcan2008Britannica-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEİlgürel2002Tezcan2008Britannica_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFİlgürel2002">İlgürel 2002</a>; <a href="#CITEREFTezcan2008">Tezcan 2008</a>; <a href="#CITEREFBritannica">Britannica</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESomel2003158-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESomel2003158_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSomel2003">Somel 2003</a>, p. 158.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESakaoğlu2008245Baer201135CookeGöknarParker2008214Carsten1961505Karaca2012-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESakaoğlu2008245Baer201135CookeGöknarParker2008214Carsten1961505Karaca2012_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSakaoğlu2008">Sakaoğlu 2008</a>, p. 245; <a href="#CITEREFBaer2011">Baer 2011</a>, p. 35; <a href="#CITEREFCookeGöknarParker2008">Cooke, Göknar & Parker 2008</a>, p. 214; <a href="#CITEREFCarsten1961">Carsten 1961</a>, p. 505; <a href="#CITEREFKaraca2012">Karaca 2012</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ruth Barzilai-Lumbroso (2008). Turkish Men, Ottoman Women: Popular Turkish Historians and the Writing of Ottoman Women's History. ProQuest. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-549-48355-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-549-48355-7">978-0-549-48355-7</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ald83-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ald83_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ald83_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">A.D. Alderson, <i>The Structure of the Ottoman Dynasty</i>, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1955, p.83</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESakaoğlu2008253-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESakaoğlu2008253_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSakaoğlu2008">Sakaoğlu 2008</a>, p. 253.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1159%2F000244372">"Erratum"</a>. <i>Neonatology</i>. <b>70</b> (4): 248. 1996. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1159%2F000244372">10.1159/000244372</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1661-7800">1661-7800</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neonatology&rft.atitle=Erratum&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=248&rft.date=1996&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1159%2F000244372&rft.issn=1661-7800&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1159%252F000244372&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaseki+sultan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haseki_sultan&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBaer2011" class="citation book cs1">Baer, Marc David (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CIPR5L5SAtYC"><i>Honored by the Glory of Islam: Conversion and Conquest in Ottoman Europe</i></a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780199797837" title="Special:BookSources/9780199797837"><bdi>9780199797837</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Honored+by+the+Glory+of+Islam%3A+Conversion+and+Conquest+in+Ottoman+Europe&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=9780199797837&rft.aulast=Baer&rft.aufirst=Marc+David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCIPR5L5SAtYC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaseki+sultan" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCarsten1961" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Carsten, F. L. (1961). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FzQ9AAAAIAAJ"><i>The New Cambridge Modern History</i></a>. Vol. V. The Ascendancy of France, <span class="nowrap">1648–</span>88. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780521045445" title="Special:BookSources/9780521045445"><bdi>9780521045445</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+New+Cambridge+Modern+History&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1961&rft.isbn=9780521045445&rft.aulast=Carsten&rft.aufirst=F.+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFzQ9AAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaseki+sultan" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCookeGöknarParker2008" class="citation book cs1">Cooke, Miriam; Göknar, Erdağ M.; Parker, Grant Richard (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=q5rtAAAAMAAJ"><i>Mediterranean passages: readings from Dido to Derrida</i></a>. University of North Carolina Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780807831830" title="Special:BookSources/9780807831830"><bdi>9780807831830</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mediterranean+passages%3A+readings+from+Dido+to+Derrida&rft.pub=University+of+North+Carolina+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9780807831830&rft.aulast=Cooke&rft.aufirst=Miriam&rft.au=G%C3%B6knar%2C+Erda%C4%9F+M.&rft.au=Parker%2C+Grant+Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dq5rtAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaseki+sultan" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDavis1986" class="citation book cs1">Davis, Fanny (1986). <i>The Ottoman Lady: A Social History from 1718 to 1918</i>. Greenwood Publishing Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-313-24811-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-313-24811-5"><bdi>978-0-313-24811-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Ottoman+Lady%3A+A+Social+History+from+1718+to+1918&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=978-0-313-24811-5&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=Fanny&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaseki+sultan" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFİlgürel2002" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">İlgürel, M. (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.islamansiklopedisi.info/dia/pdf/c26/c260166.pdf">"Kösem Sultan"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Islamansiklopedisi</i> (in Turkish) (26): <span class="nowrap">273–</span>275.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Islamansiklopedisi&rft.atitle=K%C3%B6sem+Sultan&rft.issue=26&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E273-%3C%2Fspan%3E275&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=%C4%B0lg%C3%BCrel&rft.aufirst=M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.islamansiklopedisi.info%2Fdia%2Fpdf%2Fc26%2Fc260166.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaseki+sultan" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKaraca2012" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Karaca, Filiz (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/turhan-sultan">"Turhan Sultan"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Islam_Ansiklopedisi" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam Ansiklopedisi">Islam Ansiklopedisi</a></i> (in Turkish). Vol. 41. İslâm Araştırmaları Merkezi.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Turhan+Sultan&rft.btitle=Islam+Ansiklopedisi&rft.pub=%C4%B0sl%C3%A2m+Ara%C5%9Ft%C4%B1rmalar%C4%B1+Merkezi&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Karaca&rft.aufirst=Filiz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fislamansiklopedisi.org.tr%2Fturhan-sultan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaseki+sultan" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPeirce1993" class="citation book cs1">Peirce, Leslie P. (1993). <i>The Imperial Harem: Women and Sovereignty in the Ottoman Empire</i>. New York: Oxford University Press, Inc. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-507673-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-507673-7"><bdi>0-19-507673-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Imperial+Harem%3A+Women+and+Sovereignty+in+the+Ottoman+Empire&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press%2C+Inc.&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=0-19-507673-7&rft.aulast=Peirce&rft.aufirst=Leslie+P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaseki+sultan" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPiterberg2003" class="citation book cs1">Piterberg, Gabriel (2003). <i>An Ottoman Tragedy: History and Historiography at Play</i>. California: University of California Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-520-23836-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-520-23836-2"><bdi>0-520-23836-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+Ottoman+Tragedy%3A+History+and+Historiography+at+Play&rft.place=California&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-520-23836-2&rft.aulast=Piterberg&rft.aufirst=Gabriel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaseki+sultan" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSakaoğlu2008" class="citation book cs1">Sakaoğlu, Necdet (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6WUMAQAAMAAJ"><i>Bu mülkün kadın sultanları: Vâlide sultanlar, hâtunlar, hasekiler, kadınefendiler, sultanefendiler</i></a>. Oğlak Yayıncılık. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9753296236" title="Special:BookSources/978-9753296236"><bdi>978-9753296236</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bu+m%C3%BClk%C3%BCn+kad%C4%B1n+sultanlar%C4%B1%3A+V%C3%A2lide+sultanlar%2C+h%C3%A2tunlar%2C+hasekiler%2C+kad%C4%B1nefendiler%2C+sultanefendiler&rft.pub=O%C4%9Flak+Yay%C4%B1nc%C4%B1l%C4%B1k&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-9753296236&rft.aulast=Sakao%C4%9Flu&rft.aufirst=Necdet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6WUMAQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaseki+sultan" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSomel2003" class="citation book cs1">Somel, S. A. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jGZQL41tg_oC&q=kosem&pg=PR37"><i>Historical Dictionary of the Ottoman Empire</i></a>. The Scarecrow Press, imprint of <a href="/wiki/Rowman_%26_Littlefield" title="Rowman & Littlefield">Rowman & Littlefield</a>. p. 512. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0810866064" title="Special:BookSources/0810866064"><bdi>0810866064</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+Dictionary+of+the+Ottoman+Empire&rft.pages=512&rft.pub=The+Scarecrow+Press%2C+imprint+of+Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0810866064&rft.aulast=Somel&rft.aufirst=S.+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjGZQL41tg_oC%26q%3Dkosem%26pg%3DPR37&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaseki+sultan" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBritannica" class="citation web cs1">Zeidan, Adam. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9046105/Kosem-Sultan">"Kosem Sultan (Ottoman sultana)"</a>. Britannica Online Encyclopedia<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-03-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kosem+Sultan+%28Ottoman+sultana%29&rft.pub=Britannica+Online+Encyclopedia&rft.aulast=Zeidan&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Feb%2Farticle-9046105%2FKosem-Sultan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaseki+sultan" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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sultans">List of mothers</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sultans_of_the_Ottoman_Empire" title="List of sultans of the Ottoman Empire">Sultans</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Caliphate" title="Ottoman Caliphate">Caliphs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Osman_I" title="Osman I">Osman I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orhan" title="Orhan">Orhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murad_I" title="Murad I">Murad I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayezid_I" title="Bayezid I">Bayezid I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Interregnum" title="Ottoman Interregnum">Interregnum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mehmed_I" title="Mehmed I">Mehmed I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murad_II" title="Murad II">Murad II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mehmed_the_Conqueror" class="mw-redirect" title="Mehmed the Conqueror">Mehmed II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayezid_II" title="Bayezid II">Bayezid II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selim_I" title="Selim I">Selim I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suleiman_the_Magnificent" title="Suleiman the Magnificent">Suleiman I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selim_II" title="Selim II">Selim II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murad_III" title="Murad III">Murad III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mehmed_III" title="Mehmed III">Mehmed III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_I" title="Ahmed I">Ahmed I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mustafa_I" title="Mustafa I">Mustafa I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osman_II" title="Osman II">Osman II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murad_IV" title="Murad IV">Murad IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibrahim_of_the_Ottoman_Empire" title="Ibrahim of the Ottoman Empire">Ibrahim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mehmed_IV" title="Mehmed IV">Mehmed IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suleiman_II_of_the_Ottoman_Empire" title="Suleiman II of the Ottoman Empire">Suleiman II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_II" title="Ahmed II">Ahmed II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mustafa_II" title="Mustafa II">Mustafa II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_III" title="Ahmed III">Ahmed III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahmud_I" title="Mahmud I">Mahmud I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osman_III" title="Osman III">Osman III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mustafa_III" title="Mustafa III">Mustafa III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Hamid_I" title="Abdul Hamid I">Abdul Hamid I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selim_III" title="Selim III">Selim III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mustafa_IV" title="Mustafa IV">Mustafa IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahmud_II" title="Mahmud II">Mahmud II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdulmejid_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Abdulmejid I">Abdulmejid I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abd%C3%BClaziz" class="mw-redirect" title="Abdülaziz">Abdulaziz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murad_V" title="Murad V">Murad V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Hamid_II" title="Abdul Hamid II">Abdul Hamid II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mehmed_V" title="Mehmed V">Mehmed V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mehmed_VI" title="Mehmed VI">Mehmed VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdulmejid_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Abdulmejid II">Abdulmejid II (Caliph only)</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_(1882%E2%80%931922).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of the Ottoman Empire (1882–1922)"><img alt="Coat of arms of the Ottoman Empire (1882–1922)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281882%E2%80%931922%29.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281882%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281882%E2%80%931922%29.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281882%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281882%E2%80%931922%29.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281882%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1595" data-file-height="1906" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pretender" title="Pretender">Claimants</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Savc%C4%B1_Bey" title="Savcı Bey">Savcı Bey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCleyman_%C3%87elebi" title="Süleyman Çelebi">Süleyman Çelebi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0sa_%C3%87elebi" title="İsa Çelebi">İsa Çelebi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musa_%C3%87elebi" title="Musa Çelebi">Musa Çelebi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mustafa_%C3%87elebi" title="Mustafa Çelebi">Mustafa Çelebi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%BC%C3%A7%C3%BCk_Mustafa" title="Küçük Mustafa">Küçük Mustafa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultan_Cem" class="mw-redirect" title="Sultan Cem">Sultan Cem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eehzade_Ahmet" class="mw-redirect" title="Şehzade Ahmet">Şehzade Ahmet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eehzade_Korkut" title="Şehzade Korkut">Şehzade Korkut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eehzade_Mustafa" title="Şehzade Mustafa">Şehzade Mustafa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eehzade_Bayezid" title="Şehzade Bayezid">Şehzade Bayezid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultan_Yahya" class="mw-redirect" title="Sultan Yahya">Sultan Yahya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdulmejid_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Abdulmejid II">Abdulmejid II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Nihad" class="mw-redirect" title="Ahmed Nihad">Ahmed Nihad Osmanoğlu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osman_Fuad" class="mw-redirect" title="Osman Fuad">Osman Fuad Osmanoğlu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mehmed_Abdulaziz" class="mw-redirect" title="Mehmed Abdulaziz">Mehmed Abdülaziz Osmanoğlu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_V%C3%A2sib" class="mw-redirect" title="Ali Vâsib">Ali Vâsıb Osmanoğlu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mehmed_Orhan" class="mw-redirect" title="Mehmed Orhan">Mehmed Orhan Osmanoğlu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ertu%C4%9Frul_Osman" class="mw-redirect" title="Ertuğrul Osman">Ertuğrul Osman Osmanoğlu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayezid_Osman" title="Bayezid Osman">Osman Bayezid Osmanoğlu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%BCndar_Ali_Osman" title="Dündar Ali Osman">Dündar Ali Osmanoğlu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Valide_sultan#List_of_valide_sultans" title="Valide sultan">Valide sultans</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nil%C3%BCfer_Hatun" title="Nilüfer Hatun">Nilüfer Hatun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devlet_Hatun" title="Devlet Hatun">Devlet Hatun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%BCma_Hatun" title="Hüma Hatun">Hüma Hatun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BClbahar_Hatun_(wife_of_Mehmed_II)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gülbahar Hatun (wife of Mehmed II)">Gülbahar Hatun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hafsa_Sultan" title="Hafsa Sultan">Hafsa Sultan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nurbanu_Sultan" title="Nurbanu Sultan">Nurbanu Sultan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safiye_Sultan_(wife_of_Murad_III)" class="mw-redirect" title="Safiye Sultan (wife of Murad III)">Safiye Sultan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handan_Sultan" title="Handan Sultan">Handan Sultan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halime_Sultan" title="Halime Sultan">Halime Sultan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6sem_Sultan" title="Kösem Sultan">Kösem Sultan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turhan_Sultan" title="Turhan Sultan">Turhan Sultan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C5%9Fub_Sultan" class="mw-redirect" title="Aşub Sultan">Aşub Sultan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BClnu%C5%9F_Sultan" title="Gülnuş Sultan">Gülnuş Sultan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saliha_Sultan_(wife_of_Mustafa_II)" class="mw-redirect" title="Saliha Sultan (wife of Mustafa II)">Saliha Sultan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eehsuvar_Sultan" title="Şehsuvar Sultan">Şehsuvar Sultan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mihri%C5%9Fah_Sultan_(wife_of_Mustafa_III)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mihrişah Sultan (wife of Mustafa III)">Mihrişah Sultan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sineperver_Sultan" title="Sineperver Sultan">Sineperver Sultan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nak%C5%9Fidil_Sultan" title="Nakşidil Sultan">Nakşidil Sultan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bezmi%C3%A2lem_Sultan" title="Bezmiâlem Sultan">Bezmiâlem Sultan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pertevniyal_Sultan" title="Pertevniyal Sultan">Pertevniyal Sultan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eevkefza_Kad%C4%B1n" class="mw-redirect" title="Şevkefza Kadın">Şevkefza Kadın</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perestu_Kad%C4%B1n" class="mw-redirect" title="Perestu Kadın">Perestu Kadın</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Haseki Sultans</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roxelana" title="Roxelana">Hürrem Sultan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nurbanu_Sultan" title="Nurbanu Sultan">Nurbanu Sultan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safiye_Sultan_(wife_of_Murad_III)" class="mw-redirect" title="Safiye Sultan (wife of Murad III)">Safiye Sultan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6sem_Sultan" title="Kösem Sultan">Kösem Sultan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ay%C5%9Fe_Sultan_(wife_of_Osman_II)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ayşe Sultan (wife of Osman II)">Ayşe Sultan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ay%C5%9Fe_Sultan_(wife_of_Murad_IV)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ayşe Sultan (wife of Murad IV)">Ayşe Sultan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turhan_Sultan" title="Turhan Sultan">Turhan Sultan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muazzez_Sultan" title="Muazzez Sultan">Muazzez Sultan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C5%9Fub_Sultan" class="mw-redirect" title="Aşub Sultan">Aşub Sultan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%BCma%C5%9Fah_Sultan_(wife_of_Ibrahim)" title="Hümaşah Sultan (wife of Ibrahim)">Hümaşah Sultan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eivekar_Sultan" title="Şivekar Sultan">Şivekar Sultan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BClnu%C5%9F_Sultan" title="Gülnuş Sultan">Gülnuş Sultan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabia_Sultan" title="Rabia Sultan">Rabia Sultan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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