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searchaux" style="display:none">System of social administration</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Khap_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Khap (disambiguation)">Khap (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output 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0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Original_research plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Original_research" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>possibly contains <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research" title="Wikipedia:No original research">original research</a></b>. Delhi<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Khap&action=edit">improve it</a> by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verifying</a> the claims made and adding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">inline citations</a>. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">August 2010</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>A <b>Khap</b> is a community organisation representing a clan or a group of North Indian <a href="/wiki/Caste_system_in_india" class="mw-redirect" title="Caste system in india">castes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gotra" title="Gotra">clans</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are found mostly in northern India, particularly among the village people of <a href="/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana">Haryana</a> and <a href="/wiki/Western_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Western Uttar Pradesh">Western Uttar Pradesh</a>. But also amongst states like <a href="/wiki/Rajasthan" title="Rajasthan">Rajasthan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Madhya_Pradesh" title="Madhya Pradesh">Madhya Pradesh</a> although historically the term has also been used among various communities. A <b>Khap Panchayat</b> is an assembly of Khap elders, and a <b>Sarv Khap</b> is an assembly of many Khap Panchayats and usually of different castes.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Khaps are not affiliated with the formally elected government bodies and are instead concerned with the affairs of the Khap it represents. It is not affiliated with the democratically elected local assemblies that are also termed <a href="/wiki/Panchayati_raj_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="Panchayati raj (India)">Panchayat</a>. A Khap Panchayat has no official government recognition or authority but can exert significant social influence within the community it represents.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>Baliyan Khap</i> was led by <a href="/wiki/Mahendra_Singh_Tikait" title="Mahendra Singh Tikait">Mahendra Singh Tikait</a> until 2011 is one that has gained particular media attention.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Dahiya_Khap" title="Dahiya Khap">Dahiya Khap</a> is another major khap of in <a href="/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana">Haryana</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khap&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Khaps evolved as tribal and village administrations.One of the terms used to denote the <a href="/wiki/Republic" title="Republic">republic</a> was the <i>Khap</i>. Others were <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pal_(government)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pal (government) (page does not exist)"><i>Pal</i></a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Janapada" title="Janapada">Janapada</a></i>, and <a href="/wiki/Ga%E1%B9%87asa%E1%B9%85gha" title="Gaṇasaṅgha"><span title="Sanskrit-language romanization"><i lang="sa-Latn">Gaṇasaṅgha</i></span></a>. </p><p>Khaps have been dated back to the 14th or 15th century, as part of the social structure of the Hindu people, who lived in the region that is now north eastern Rajasthan, eastern Haryana, and Western Uttar Pradesh.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are historical documentational evidences that reveal the organization of <a href="/wiki/Meerut_division" title="Meerut division">Meerut division</a>'s khaps into the sarvkhap panchayat as far back as the 13th century. Haryana Sarwakhap Panchayat was established in 664 A.D.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is also a native belief that claims that <a href="/wiki/Harsha" title="Harsha">King Harshavardhan</a> systematized the sarv–khap panchayat in the 7th century at Prayag (modern <a href="/wiki/Prayagraj" title="Prayagraj">Prayagraj</a>) during his quinquennial assemblage.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During British colonial rule, influential khap members were chosen as officials for their local areas.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure">Structure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khap&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Khap consisted of a unit of 84 villages. The individual villages were governed by an elected council, known as the <i>panchayat</i>. A unit of seven villages was called a <i>Thamba</i> and 12 Thambas formed the Khap unit of 84 villages, though Khaps of 12 and 24 villages existed. Their elected leaders would determine which units would be represented at the Khap level.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The <i>Sarv Khap</i> (or All Khap) Panchayat (Council) represented all the Khaps. The individual Khaps would elect leaders who would send delegates to represent their Khaps at the Sarv Khap. It was a political organisation, composed of all the clans, communities, and castes in the region.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Members of khap panchayats are all male, though they often make decisions affecting women. In Haryana, women are not allowed to be present at a panchayat and are represented by their male relatives.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Members of Sarva Jaateeya Venain Khap, one of the largest khap panchayats in Haryana, have instead said there are no female khap members because they feel uncomfortable attending, not because they are not allowed.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Decisions_on_social_issues">Decisions on social issues</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khap&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Decisions on social issues"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Khap Panchayats frequently make pronouncements on social issues, such as abortion, alcohol abuse, dowry, and to promote education,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> specially among girls.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In October 2012, one Khap Panchayat leader in Haryana blamed the eating of <a href="/wiki/Chow_mein" title="Chow mein">chow mein</a>, a non-traditional food, for the rise in <a href="/wiki/Rape_in_India" title="Rape in India">rape in India</a>, while another suggested that the age of marriage should be dropped from 18 to 16 because being married would make young women less susceptible to rape.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Khaps have attracted attention in recent times for their decisions on marriage.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Khaps have opposed marriages between members of different castes, of certain gotras from which intermarriage is prohibited, and of the same village.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In July 2000, a panchayat nullified the marriage of Ashish and Darshana, two years after they had married and produced a son, on the basis that they were from two <a href="/wiki/Gotra" title="Gotra">gotras</a> (clans) prohibited to marry, and should have a brother-sister relationship.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Punishments handed down by khap panchayats in marriage cases include fines, social ostracism, public humiliation, and expulsion from the village.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Due to cultural restrictions around marriage and the skewed sex ratio, families may have difficulty finding suitable brides and occasionally go against gotra marriage prohibitions.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are also cases of men in Haryana who marry lower caste brides without having a khap panchayat be called.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Naresh Tikait, head of Bhalyan Khap, criticized <a href="/wiki/Love_marriage" title="Love marriage">love marriages</a>, saying "Marriage is a union of two consenting families and not just two individuals. So all stakeholders should have a say in that. If parents take all the pains to educate their girls then they also have right over their marriages too."<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The largest Khap in Haryana is the Satrol Khap, which allowed inter-caste marriage in 2014,<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> providing the marriage is not within the same <a href="/wiki/Gotra" title="Gotra">gotra</a>, village, or neighbouring villages.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A 2015 Sarv Khap meeting launched a "Save Daughters, Educate Daughter" movement.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The decisions of the patriarchal Khap Panchayats have often been associated with the practice of <a href="/wiki/Honour_killing" class="mw-redirect" title="Honour killing">honour killing</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2007, a khap panchayat ordered the killing of Manoj and Babli, who married within the same gotra. The two were killed by members of Babli’s family. </p><p>Death Sentence in Honour killing: In <i>State Of Haryana v. Ganga Raj</i><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>- Delivered on 23 March 2010 in the Manoj Babli Honor Killing case, the sessions Judge Vani Gopal Sharma of <a href="/wiki/Karnal_district" title="Karnal district">Karnal district</a> in Haryana has awarded <a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_India" title="Capital punishment in India">capital punishment</a> under Section 302 IPC (<a href="/wiki/Indian_Penal_Code" title="Indian Penal Code">Indian Penal Code</a>) 1860 to five family members of Babli including her brother Suresh, Uncles Rejender, Baru Ram and cousins Satish and Gurdev for killing the couple on 15 June 2007, considering it the "rarest of rare" case and life sentence to the khap (<a href="/wiki/Caste_panchayat" title="Caste panchayat">caste panchayat</a>) leader Ganga Raj under Section 302 IPC read with section 120B, IPC for hatching the conspiracy to kill the couple.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Wikipedia_and_sources_that_mirror_or_use_it" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="This claim cites another Wikipedia article. Articles need references to reliable third-party sources. (October 2020)">circular reference</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Criticism">Criticism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khap&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Criticism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In recent times, the Khap system has attracted criticism from groups, citing the stark prejudice that such groups allegedly hold against others. The <a href="/wiki/All_India_Democratic_Women%27s_Association" title="All India Democratic Women's Association">All India Democratic Women's Association</a> (AIDWA) has reported cases where the Khaps are alleged to have initiated threats of murder and violence to couples who marry outside of the circle.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_India" title="Supreme Court of India">Supreme Court of India</a> has declared Khap Panchayats to be illegal because they often decree or encourage honour killings or other institutionalised atrocities against boys and girls of different castes and religions who wish to get married or have married.<sup id="cite_ref-Venkatesan_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Venkatesan-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>This is wholly illegal and has to be ruthlessly stamped out. There is nothing honourable in honour killing or other atrocities and, in fact, it is nothing but barbaric and shameful murder. Other atrocities in respect of the personal lives of people committed by brutal, feudal-minded persons deserve harsh punishment. Only this way can we stamp out such acts of barbarism and feudal mentality. Moreover, these acts take the law into their own hands, and amount to kangaroo courts, which are wholly illegal.<sup id="cite_ref-Venkatesan_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Venkatesan-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>In a 2012 report to the Supreme Court, Raju Ramachandran, a Senior Advocate appointed by the Court to assist it in <a href="/wiki/Public_interest_litigation" class="mw-redirect" title="Public interest litigation">public interest litigation</a> actions against Khap Panchayats, called for the arrest of "self-styled" decision makers and for proactive action by the police to protect the fundamental rights of the people. He also asked for the recommendations to be converted into directions applicable to all <a href="/wiki/States_and_union_territories_of_India" title="States and union territories of India">states and union territories of India</a> until a law is enacted by the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_India" title="Parliament of India">federal parliament</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Power_and_influence">Power and influence</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khap&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Power and influence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Despite the criticisms against this institution, it remains popular in some parts of India because, in its benign form, it resolves disputes and achieves social order with less time and resources, compared to the court system which is lengthier and expensive.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, taking a case to court may result in community ire.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sometimes, the Indian government avoids a direct confrontation with the panchayat especially in rural areas.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In some cases in Haryana, the police and locally elected leaders have supported the decisions of the khap panchayat.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Om_Prakash_Chautala" title="Om Prakash Chautala">Om Prakash Chautala</a>, the former <a href="/wiki/Chief_Minister_of_Haryana" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief Minister of Haryana">Chief Minister of Haryana</a>, said in 2004 that "whatever the panchayat decides is right."<sup id="cite_ref-:5_11-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Om_Prakash_Dhankar" title="Om Prakash Dhankar">Om Prakash Dhankar</a>, member of the <a href="/wiki/Bharatiya_Janata_Party" title="Bharatiya Janata Party">Bharatiya Janata Party</a> (BJP), said that khap panchayats "are a deciding factor in the electoral success of a candidate."<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Unofficial_caste">Unofficial caste</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khap&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Unofficial caste"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are sources that describe the Khap as an unofficial caste system where the panchayat dominates all other members of the group.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Like the function of traditional caste and family systems, this Indian traditional institution engages in dispute resolution and the regulation of members' behaviour.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The group uses violence to maintain a rigid structure that controls members particularly, women, <a href="/wiki/Dalit" title="Dalit">Dalits</a>, and youths. The panchayats aggressively push tradition and outlook in which caste divisions are desirable while violence towards lower castes is normal and acceptable.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An important Khap ethos involves the commitment – for the good of the community – to work with one's body, heart and soul under the leadership of its leaders, who are believed to have high moral superiority.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For this reason, these leaders are afforded the right to demand a member's life. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khap&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Misl" class="mw-redirect" title="Misl">Misl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exogamy" title="Exogamy">Exogamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guddu_Rangeela" title="Guddu Rangeela">Guddu Rangeela</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khap&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/what-are-khap-panchayats/story-aAx17V9V2eDeD4hMA4wb4N.html">Hindustan Times</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Haryana%27s+Dahiya+khap%2C+a+body+representing+people+of+Jat+community+in+Sonipat+district%2C+is+organising+a+meeting+to+mark+centenary+celebrations+in+Sisana+village+on+Monday&rft.date=2011-03-07&rft.aulast=Deswal&rft.aufirst=Deepender&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2FHaryanas-Dahiya-khapa-body-representing-people-of-different-community-in-Sonipat-district-is-organising-a-meeting-to-mark-centenary-celebrations-in-Sisana-village-on-Monday-%2Farticleshow%2F7645578.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhap" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:3_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Thakur, Ratika; Sinha, A. K.; Pathak, R.K. (2015). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mukpublications.com/resources/vol15-1-2.pdf">Khap Panchayats in Transition with Contemporary Times: An Anthropological Evaluation.</a>" <i>Panjab University</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jatnayak.com/haryana-sarvakhap-panchayat">"हरियाणा सर्वखाप पंचायत"</a>. <i>Jat Nayak</i> (in Hindi). 16 March 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Jat+Nayak&rft.atitle=%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BE+%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA+%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A4&rft.date=2019-03-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjatnayak.com%2Fharyana-sarvakhap-panchayat&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhap" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPradhan1965" class="citation journal cs1">Pradhan, M. C. 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"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/meerut/love-marriages-not-acceptable-we-wont-allow-them-khap-leader/articleshow/72190461.cms">Love marriages not acceptable, we won't allow them: Balyan khap leader</a>". <i>Times of India.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSaini2014" class="citation news cs1">Saini, Manvir (11 April 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Haryanas-biggest-khap-panchayat-scripts-history-allows-inter-caste-marriages/articleshow/34016585.cms">"Haryana's Biggest Khap Creates history"</a>. <i>The Times of India</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Haryana%27s+Biggest+Khap+Creates+history&rft.date=2014-04-11&rft.aulast=Saini&rft.aufirst=Manvir&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Findia%2FHaryanas-biggest-khap-panchayat-scripts-history-allows-inter-caste-marriages%2Farticleshow%2F34016585.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhap" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304062053/http://img.zeenews.com/hindi/news/india/700-yr-old-khap-ban-on-inter-caste-marriages-off/207500">"खाप पंचायत का ऐतिहासिक फैसला, अंतर्जातीय शादी को दी हरी झंडी"</a>. Zee News. 21 April 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://img.zeenews.com/hindi/news/india/700-yr-old-khap-ban-on-inter-caste-marriages-off/207500">the original</a> on 4 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA+%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A4+%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE+%E0%A4%90%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95+%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%2C+%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF+%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80+%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B+%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80+%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80+%E0%A4%9D%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80&rft.date=2014-04-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fimg.zeenews.com%2Fhindi%2Fnews%2Findia%2F700-yr-old-khap-ban-on-inter-caste-marriages-off%2F207500&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhap" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dainiktribuneonline.com/2015/05/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80-%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%93-%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80-%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A2%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%93-%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D/">बेटी बचाओ, बेटी पढ़ाओ मुद्दे पर सर्वखाप महापंचायत, May – 17 – 2015 </a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEllisStucklessSmith2015" class="citation book cs1">Ellis, Desmond; Stuckless, Noreen; Smith, Carrie (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=swrwBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA77"><i>Marital Separation and Lethal Domestic Violence</i></a>. Routledge. p. 77. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-31752-213-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-31752-213-3"><bdi>978-1-31752-213-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Marital+Separation+and+Lethal+Domestic+Violence&rft.pages=77&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-31752-213-3&rft.aulast=Ellis&rft.aufirst=Desmond&rft.au=Stuckless%2C+Noreen&rft.au=Smith%2C+Carrie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DswrwBgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA77&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhap" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">State Of Haryana v. Ganga Raj,Times Of India, 26 March 2010,p. 8,</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Manoj%E2%80%93Babli_honour_killing_case" title="Manoj–Babli honour killing case">Manoj–Babli honour killing case</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Singh, Gajinder (31 March 2010). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110208071052/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1100331/jsp/nation/story_12285441.jsp">Death for honour killings</a>". Calcutta, India: The Telegraph. Retrieved 4 April 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFT.K._Rajalakshmi2004" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-unfit">T.K. Rajalakshmi (17 December 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071016084854/http://hinduonnet.com/fline/fl2125/stories/20041217002304200.htm">"Caste terror"</a>. <i>frontline</i>. Archived from the original on 16 October 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=frontline&rft.atitle=Caste+terror&rft.date=2004-12-17&rft.au=T.K.+Rajalakshmi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hinduonnet.com%2Ffline%2Ffl2125%2Fstories%2F20041217002304200.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhap" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRohit_Mullick_&_Neelam_Raaj2007" class="citation news cs1">Rohit Mullick & Neelam Raaj (9 September 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Opinion/Sunday_Specials/Panchayats_turn_into_kangaroo_courts/rssarticleshow/2351247.cms">"Panchayats turn into kangaroo courts"</a>. <i>The Times of India</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Panchayats+turn+into+kangaroo+courts&rft.date=2007-09-09&rft.au=Rohit+Mullick+%26+Neelam+Raaj&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2FOpinion%2FSunday_Specials%2FPanchayats_turn_into_kangaroo_courts%2Frssarticleshow%2F2351247.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhap" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Venkatesan-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Venkatesan_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Venkatesan_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFVenkatesan2011" class="citation news cs1">Venkatesan, J. (20 April 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/article1710337.ece">"Stamp out khap panchayats: court"</a>. <i>The Hindu</i>. Chennai, India.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=Stamp+out+khap+panchayats%3A+court&rft.date=2011-04-20&rft.aulast=Venkatesan&rft.aufirst=J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Fnews%2Fnational%2Farticle1710337.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhap" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120717120027/http://www.hindustantimes.com/India-news/NewDelhi/Rein-in-khaps-prevent-honour-killings-SC-panel/Article1-890134.aspx">"Rein in khaps, prevent honour killings: SC panel"</a>. 17 July 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hindustantimes.com/India-news/NewDelhi/Rein-in-khaps-prevent-honour-killings-SC-panel/Article1-890134.aspx">the original</a> on 17 July 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Rein+in+khaps%2C+prevent+honour+killings%3A+SC+panel&rft.date=2012-07-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hindustantimes.com%2FIndia-news%2FNewDelhi%2FRein-in-khaps-prevent-honour-killings-SC-panel%2FArticle1-890134.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhap" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKannabiranSingh2008" class="citation book cs1">Kannabiran, Kalpana; Singh, Ranbir (2008). <i>Challenging The Rules(s) of Law: Colonialism, Criminology and Human Rights in India</i>. Los Angeles, CA: SAGE Publications. p. 331. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780761936657" title="Special:BookSources/9780761936657"><bdi>9780761936657</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Challenging+The+Rules%28s%29+of+Law%3A+Colonialism%2C+Criminology+and+Human+Rights+in+India&rft.place=Los+Angeles%2C+CA&rft.pages=331&rft.pub=SAGE+Publications&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9780761936657&rft.aulast=Kannabiran&rft.aufirst=Kalpana&rft.au=Singh%2C+Ranbir&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhap" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.livemint.com/Politics/nW03eT80k8lmHDfAUGh33J/Panchayats-under-the-shadow-of-the-khaps.html">Panchayats under the shadow of the khaps</a>." <i>Livemint</i>. 1 May 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDavidJarman2017" class="citation book cs1">David, Hilda; Jarman, Francis (2017). <i>India Diversity</i>. Om Books International. p. 1959. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789386316974" title="Special:BookSources/9789386316974"><bdi>9789386316974</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=India+Diversity&rft.pages=1959&rft.pub=Om+Books+International&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=9789386316974&rft.aulast=David&rft.aufirst=Hilda&rft.au=Jarman%2C+Francis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhap" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFVisvanathan2013" class="citation book cs1">Visvanathan, Susan (2013). <i>Readings in Indian Sociology: Volume IX: Culture and Society</i>. Los Angeles, CA: SAGE Publications. p. 170. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788132113904" title="Special:BookSources/9788132113904"><bdi>9788132113904</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Readings+in+Indian+Sociology%3A+Volume+IX%3A+Culture+and+Society&rft.place=Los+Angeles%2C+CA&rft.pages=170&rft.pub=SAGE+Publications&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9788132113904&rft.aulast=Visvanathan&rft.aufirst=Susan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhap" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khap&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSangwan2008" class="citation book cs1">Sangwan, K. S. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EaMGo6zqzNYC&pg=PA331">"Khap Panchayats in Haryana: Sites of Legal Pluralism"</a>. In Kannabiran, Kalpana; Singh, Ranbir (eds.). <i>Challenging The Rules(s) of Law: Colonialism, Criminology and Human Rights in India</i>. SAGE Publications. pp. <span class="nowrap">331–</span>354. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-76193-665-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-76193-665-7"><bdi>978-0-76193-665-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Khap+Panchayats+in+Haryana%3A+Sites+of+Legal+Pluralism&rft.btitle=Challenging+The+Rules%28s%29+of+Law%3A+Colonialism%2C+Criminology+and+Human+Rights+in+India&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E331-%3C%2Fspan%3E354&rft.pub=SAGE+Publications&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-76193-665-7&rft.aulast=Sangwan&rft.aufirst=K.+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEaMGo6zqzNYC%26pg%3DPA331&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhap" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Khap&oldid=1279885005">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Khap&oldid=1279885005</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Community_organizing" title="Category:Community organizing">Community organizing</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Dispute_resolution" title="Category:Dispute resolution">Dispute resolution</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Haryanavi_culture" title="Category:Haryanavi culture">Haryanavi culture</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Honour_killing_in_India" title="Category:Honour killing in India">Honour killing in India</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Identity_politics_in_India" title="Category:Identity politics in India">Identity politics in India</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Local_government_in_India" title="Category:Local government in India">Local government in India</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Patriarchy" title="Category:Patriarchy">Patriarchy</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Social_history_of_India" title="Category:Social history of India">Social history of India</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Hindi-language_sources_(hi)" title="Category:CS1 Hindi-language sources (hi)">CS1 Hindi-language sources (hi)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1:_unfit_URL" title="Category:CS1: unfit URL">CS1: unfit URL</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_August_2020" title="Category:Use dmy dates from August 2020">Use dmy dates from August 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_Indian_English_from_August_2016" title="Category:Use Indian English from August 2016">Use Indian English from August 2016</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_written_in_Indian_English" title="Category:All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English">All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_that_may_contain_original_research_from_August_2010" title="Category:Articles that may contain original research from August 2010">Articles that may contain original research from August 2010</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_that_may_contain_original_research" title="Category:All articles that may contain original research">All articles that may contain original research</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_September_2016" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from September 2016">Articles with unsourced statements from September 2016</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_lacking_reliable_references" title="Category:All articles lacking reliable references">All articles lacking reliable references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_lacking_reliable_references_from_October_2020" title="Category:Articles lacking reliable references from October 2020">Articles lacking reliable references from October 2020</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 11 March 2025, at 04:08<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; 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