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overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">Roman social history</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">13,980 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>Roman social history</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/Roman_social_history">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_245390" data-work_id="245390" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/245390/_The_Economy_of_Endowments_the_case_of_Roman_associations_Studia_Hellenistica_44_2008_">"The Economy of Endowments: the case of Roman associations," Studia Hellenistica 44 (2008)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The Economy of Endowments: the case of Roman associations,” In Koenraad Verboven, Katelijn Vandorpe and Véronique Chankowski-Sable (eds.), ‘Pistoi dia tèn technèn’. Bankers, loans and archives in the Ancient World. Studies in honour of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_245390" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The Economy of Endowments: the case of Roman associations,” In Koenraad Verboven, Katelijn Vandorpe and Véronique Chankowski-Sable (eds.), ‘Pistoi dia tèn technèn’. Bankers, loans and archives in the Ancient World. Studies in honour of Raymond Bogaert, Studia Hellenistica 44. Leuven, Peeters, 2008: 231-256. For reviews of the book, see, e.g., Bryn Mawr Classical Review 2010.05.02.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/245390" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d84c1c75831b2d7c1cf7cc63bb1ade33" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":1861231,"asset_id":245390,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/1861231/download_file?st=MTczOTg1OTAwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="200585" href="https://emory.academia.edu/JinyuLiu">Jinyu Liu</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="200585" type="text/json">{"id":200585,"first_name":"Jinyu","last_name":"Liu","domain_name":"emory","page_name":"JinyuLiu","display_name":"Jinyu Liu","profile_url":"https://emory.academia.edu/JinyuLiu?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/200585/2657579/16911735/s65_jinyu.liu.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_245390 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="245390"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 245390, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_245390", }); 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Bankers, loans and archives in the Ancient World. Studies in honour of Raymond Bogaert, Studia Hellenistica 44. Leuven, Peeters, 2008: 231-256. 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In Wiley-Blackwell Companion to Sport and Spectacle in Greek and Roman Antiquity, edited by Paul Christesen and Donald Kyle, 492–502. Malden, Mass.: Wiley-Blackwell, 2013.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This series provides sophisticated and authoritative overviews of periods of ancient history, genres of classical literature, and the most important themes in ancient culture. Each volume comprises between twenty-five and forty concise... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_1601459" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This series provides sophisticated and authoritative overviews of periods of ancient history, genres of classical literature, and the most important themes in ancient culture. Each volume comprises between twenty-five and forty concise essays written by individual scholars within their area of specialization. The essays are written in a clear, provocative, and lively manner, designed for an international audience of scholars, students, and general readers.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1601459" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e97ffddbafec65ba9b0f466eaf17f424" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55625895,"asset_id":1601459,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55625895/download_file?st=MTczOTg1OTAwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="89861" href="https://niu.academia.edu/SinclairBell">Sinclair W Bell</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="89861" type="text/json">{"id":89861,"first_name":"Sinclair","last_name":"Bell","domain_name":"niu","page_name":"SinclairBell","display_name":"Sinclair W Bell","profile_url":"https://niu.academia.edu/SinclairBell?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/89861/164888/33048674/s65_sinclair.bell.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1601459 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1601459"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1601459, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1601459", }); 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Malden, Mass.: Wiley-Blackwell, 2013.","created_at":"2012-05-29T01:46:02.424-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/1601459/_Roman_Chariot_Racing_Charioteers_Factions_Spectators_In_Wiley_Blackwell_Companion_to_Sport_and_Spectacle_in_Greek_and_Roman_Antiquity_edited_by_Paul_Christesen_and_Donald_Kyle_492_502_Malden_Mass_Wiley_Blackwell_2013?f_ri=21620","dom_id":"work_1601459","summary":"This series provides sophisticated and authoritative overviews of periods of ancient history, genres of classical literature, and the most important themes in ancient culture. Each volume comprises between twenty-five and forty concise essays written by individual scholars within their area of specialization. The essays are written in a clear, provocative, and lively manner, designed for an international audience of scholars, students, and general readers.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55625895,"asset_id":1601459,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":89861,"first_name":"Sinclair","last_name":"Bell","domain_name":"niu","page_name":"SinclairBell","display_name":"Sinclair W Bell","profile_url":"https://niu.academia.edu/SinclairBell?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/89861/164888/33048674/s65_sinclair.bell.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":6732,"name":"Horse culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Horse_culture?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":13506,"name":"Topography of Ancient Rome (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Topography_of_Ancient_Rome_Archaeology_?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":17227,"name":"Ancient Sports/Athletics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Sports_Athletics?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":21620,"name":"Roman social history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":23555,"name":"Roman Empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Empire?f_ri=21620"},{"id":35544,"name":"Roman Circuses","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Circuses?f_ri=21620"},{"id":50059,"name":"Roman social and economic history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_and_economic_history?f_ri=21620"},{"id":50422,"name":"The sociology of ancient spectacle","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_sociology_of_ancient_spectacle?f_ri=21620"},{"id":66983,"name":"Roman games","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_games?f_ri=21620"},{"id":70463,"name":"Horse Riding","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Horse_Riding?f_ri=21620"},{"id":168196,"name":"Horses","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Horses?f_ri=21620"},{"id":219138,"name":"Athletics in the Ancient World","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Athletics_in_the_Ancient_World?f_ri=21620"},{"id":387022,"name":"History of Horse Riding","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Horse_Riding?f_ri=21620"},{"id":434595,"name":"Ancient Sport History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Sport_History?f_ri=21620"},{"id":472886,"name":"Roman Circus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Circus?f_ri=21620"},{"id":979519,"name":"Archaeology of Horse and Riders","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology_of_Horse_and_Riders?f_ri=21620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36276621" data-work_id="36276621" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36276621/Papyri_and_the_Social_World_of_the_New_Testament_Cambridge_University_Press_2019">Papyri and the Social World of the New Testament. Cambridge University Press 2019.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In this book, Sabine R. Huebner explores the world of the protagonists of the New Testament and the early Christians using the rich papyrological evidence from Roman Egypt. This gives us unparalleled insights into the everyday lives of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_36276621" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In this book, Sabine R. Huebner explores the world of the protagonists of the New Testament and the early Christians using the rich papyrological evidence from Roman Egypt. This gives us unparalleled insights into the everyday lives of the non-elite population in an area quite similar to neighboring Judaea-Palestine. What were the daily concerns and difficulties experienced by a carpenter's family or by a shepherd looking after his flocks? How did the average man or woman experience a Roman census? What obstacles did women living in a patriarchal society face in private, in public, and in the early Church? Given the flight of Jesus' family into Egypt, how mobile were the lower classes, what was their understanding of geography, and what costs and dangers were associated with travel? This volume gives a better understanding of the structural, social, and cultural conditions under which figures from the New Testament lived.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36276621" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="abfa82cc64c9662e8497f92be02961ae" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":59509570,"asset_id":36276621,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59509570/download_file?st=MTczOTg1OTAwNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="659455" href="https://unibas.academia.edu/SabineRHuebner">Sabine R. Huebner</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="659455" type="text/json">{"id":659455,"first_name":"Sabine R.","last_name":"Huebner","domain_name":"unibas","page_name":"SabineRHuebner","display_name":"Sabine R. Huebner","profile_url":"https://unibas.academia.edu/SabineRHuebner?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/659455/229307/4075743/s65_sabine_r..huebner.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36276621 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36276621"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36276621, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36276621", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_36276621 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36276621; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_36276621"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_36276621 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="36276621"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36276621; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36276621]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_36276621").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_36276621").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="36276621"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="130" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History">Ancient History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="130" type="text/json">{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="829" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History">Roman History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="829" type="text/json">{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2262" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Testament">New Testament</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2262" type="text/json">{"id":2262,"name":"New Testament","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Testament?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5326" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Christianity">Early Christianity</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="5326" type="text/json">{"id":5326,"name":"Early Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Christianity?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=36276621]'), work: {"id":36276621,"title":"Papyri and the Social World of the New Testament. Cambridge University Press 2019.","created_at":"2018-03-28T05:56:20.783-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/36276621/Papyri_and_the_Social_World_of_the_New_Testament_Cambridge_University_Press_2019?f_ri=21620","dom_id":"work_36276621","summary":"In this book, Sabine R. Huebner explores the world of the protagonists of the New Testament and the early Christians using the rich papyrological evidence from Roman Egypt. This gives us unparalleled insights into the everyday lives of the non-elite population in an area quite similar to neighboring Judaea-Palestine. What were the daily concerns and difficulties experienced by a carpenter's family or by a shepherd looking after his flocks? How did the average man or woman experience a Roman census? What obstacles did women living in a patriarchal society face in private, in public, and in the early Church? Given the flight of Jesus' family into Egypt, how mobile were the lower classes, what was their understanding of geography, and what costs and dangers were associated with travel? This volume gives a better understanding of the structural, social, and cultural conditions under which figures from the New Testament lived.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59509570,"asset_id":36276621,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":659455,"first_name":"Sabine R.","last_name":"Huebner","domain_name":"unibas","page_name":"SabineRHuebner","display_name":"Sabine R. Huebner","profile_url":"https://unibas.academia.edu/SabineRHuebner?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/659455/229307/4075743/s65_sabine_r..huebner.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":2262,"name":"New Testament","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Testament?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":5326,"name":"Early Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Christianity?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":7434,"name":"Synoptic Gospels","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Synoptic_Gospels?f_ri=21620"},{"id":11076,"name":"Late Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antiquity?f_ri=21620"},{"id":15588,"name":"Social History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_History?f_ri=21620"},{"id":17497,"name":"Sociology of Everyday Life","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology_of_Everyday_Life?f_ri=21620"},{"id":18105,"name":"Graeco-Roman Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Graeco-Roman_Egypt?f_ri=21620"},{"id":18159,"name":"New Testament and Christian Origins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Testament_and_Christian_Origins?f_ri=21620"},{"id":20905,"name":"Apocrypha/Pseudepigrapha","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apocrypha_Pseudepigrapha?f_ri=21620"},{"id":21620,"name":"Roman social history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history?f_ri=21620"},{"id":33377,"name":"Roman Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Egypt?f_ri=21620"},{"id":41286,"name":"Everyday Life","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Everyday_Life?f_ri=21620"},{"id":120640,"name":"New Testament Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Testament_Studies?f_ri=21620"},{"id":232613,"name":"Hellenistic world","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hellenistic_world?f_ri=21620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_853077" data-work_id="853077" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/853077/Non_arma_virumque_Le_occupazioni_nellepigrafia_del_Piceno_Bologna_2004_2nd_revised_and_updated_edition_">Non arma virumque. Le occupazioni nell'epigrafia del Piceno, Bologna 2004 (2nd revised and updated edition)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/853077" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0c2638b6e39c6bce1073aec2a173f691" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":5199842,"asset_id":853077,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/5199842/download_file?st=MTczOTg1OTAwNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="656997" href="https://unibo.academia.edu/AlessandroCristofori">Alessandro Cristofori</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="656997" type="text/json">{"id":656997,"first_name":"Alessandro","last_name":"Cristofori","domain_name":"unibo","page_name":"AlessandroCristofori","display_name":"Alessandro Cristofori","profile_url":"https://unibo.academia.edu/AlessandroCristofori?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/656997/228195/266978/s65_alessandro.cristofori.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_853077 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="853077"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 853077, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_853077", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_853077 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 853077; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_853077"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_853077 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="853077"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 853077; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=853077]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_853077").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_853077").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="853077"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="130" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History">Ancient History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="130" type="text/json">{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7257" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_Epigraphy">Greek Epigraphy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7257" type="text/json">{"id":7257,"name":"Greek Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_Epigraphy?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15807" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_Epigraphy">Latin Epigraphy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15807" type="text/json">{"id":15807,"name":"Latin Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_Epigraphy?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21620" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history">Roman social history</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="21620" type="text/json">{"id":21620,"name":"Roman social history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=853077]'), work: {"id":853077,"title":"Non arma virumque. Le occupazioni nell'epigrafia del Piceno, Bologna 2004 (2nd revised and updated edition)","created_at":"2011-08-22T19:48:56.727-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/853077/Non_arma_virumque_Le_occupazioni_nellepigrafia_del_Piceno_Bologna_2004_2nd_revised_and_updated_edition_?f_ri=21620","dom_id":"work_853077","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":5199842,"asset_id":853077,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":656997,"first_name":"Alessandro","last_name":"Cristofori","domain_name":"unibo","page_name":"AlessandroCristofori","display_name":"Alessandro Cristofori","profile_url":"https://unibo.academia.edu/AlessandroCristofori?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/656997/228195/266978/s65_alessandro.cristofori.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":7257,"name":"Greek Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_Epigraphy?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":15807,"name":"Latin Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_Epigraphy?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":21620,"name":"Roman social history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":23640,"name":"Roman Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Economy?f_ri=21620"},{"id":181430,"name":"Roman urban crafts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_urban_crafts?f_ri=21620"},{"id":209958,"name":"Picenum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Picenum?f_ri=21620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_33927317" data-work_id="33927317" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/33927317/Women_in_the_Economy_Life_stages_and_contribution_to_household_income">Women in the Economy: Life stages and contribution to household income</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Looking at Roman society through a traditional elite lens shows women to be silent and passive participants in both social and economic history. This may have been the reality for elite families, but plebeian women would not have had this... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_33927317" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Looking at Roman society through a traditional elite lens shows women to be silent and passive participants in both social and economic history. This may have been the reality for elite families, but plebeian women would not have had this luxury. This paper will look into the epigraphical evidence of work undertaken by free women, and how their work evolved as their social responsibilities altered. Through this examination, I will also discuss how much income could have been generated through work performed by women, and if gender bias played a role in women's income.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/33927317" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b69dc6865826defc677dbb6e6d0fcfe9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53895648,"asset_id":33927317,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53895648/download_file?st=MTczOTg1OTAwNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="43677583" href="https://canterbury-nz.academia.edu/FrancesCox">Frances Cox</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="43677583" type="text/json">{"id":43677583,"first_name":"Frances","last_name":"Cox","domain_name":"canterbury-nz","page_name":"FrancesCox","display_name":"Frances Cox","profile_url":"https://canterbury-nz.academia.edu/FrancesCox?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/43677583/17324341/17429025/s65_frances.cox.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_33927317 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="33927317"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 33927317, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_33927317", }); 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This may have been the reality for elite families, but plebeian women would not have had this luxury. This paper will look into the epigraphical evidence of work undertaken by free women, and how their work evolved as their social responsibilities altered. Through this examination, I will also discuss how much income could have been generated through work performed by women, and if gender bias played a role in women's income.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53895648,"asset_id":33927317,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":43677583,"first_name":"Frances","last_name":"Cox","domain_name":"canterbury-nz","page_name":"FrancesCox","display_name":"Frances Cox","profile_url":"https://canterbury-nz.academia.edu/FrancesCox?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/43677583/17324341/17429025/s65_frances.cox.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":21620,"name":"Roman social history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":23640,"name":"Roman Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Economy?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":50059,"name":"Roman social and economic history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_and_economic_history?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":80597,"name":"Roman craftsmen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_craftsmen?f_ri=21620"},{"id":181635,"name":"Roman Women","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Women?f_ri=21620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4003972" data-work_id="4003972" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4003972/_Augustus_D%C3%B6nemine_Ait_Aelia_Sentia_Yasas%C4%B1n%C4%B1n_I%C3%A7eri%C4%9Fi_ve_Hangi_Ama%C3%A7lar_Do%C4%9Frultusunda_%C3%87%C4%B1kart%C4%B1ld%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1na_Iliskin_D%C3%BCs%C3%BCnceler_%C5%9Fu_eserde_Prof_Dr_Erdo%C4%9Fan_Mer%C3%A7ile_Arma%C4%9Fan_75_Do%C4%9Fum_Y%C4%B1l%C4%B1_50_Akademik_Y%C4%B1l%C4%B1_ed_Emine_Uyumaz_et_alii_%C4%B0stanbul_2013_451_460">“Augustus Dönemi'ne Ait Aelia Sentia Yasası'nın Içeriği ve Hangi Amaçlar Doğrultusunda Çıkartıldığına Iliskin Düsünceler”, şu eserde: Prof. Dr. Erdoğan Merçil'e Armağan. 75. Doğum Yılı. 50. Akademik Yılı, ed. Emine Uyumaz et alii, İstanbul 2013, 451-460.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4003972" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="314ecdaa31e20854b6b58600fcdec747" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":31553817,"asset_id":4003972,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31553817/download_file?st=MTczOTg1OTAwNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2432467" href="https://mimarsinan.academia.edu/FeritBaz">Ferit Baz</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2432467" type="text/json">{"id":2432467,"first_name":"Ferit","last_name":"Baz","domain_name":"mimarsinan","page_name":"FeritBaz","display_name":"Ferit Baz","profile_url":"https://mimarsinan.academia.edu/FeritBaz?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2432467/2053660/19644377/s65_ferit.baz.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4003972 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4003972"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4003972, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4003972", }); 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Doğum Yılı. 50. Akademik Yılı, ed. Emine Uyumaz et alii, İstanbul 2013, 451-460.","created_at":"2013-07-11T06:24:49.411-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4003972/_Augustus_D%C3%B6nemine_Ait_Aelia_Sentia_Yasas%C4%B1n%C4%B1n_I%C3%A7eri%C4%9Fi_ve_Hangi_Ama%C3%A7lar_Do%C4%9Frultusunda_%C3%87%C4%B1kart%C4%B1ld%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1na_Iliskin_D%C3%BCs%C3%BCnceler_%C5%9Fu_eserde_Prof_Dr_Erdo%C4%9Fan_Mer%C3%A7ile_Arma%C4%9Fan_75_Do%C4%9Fum_Y%C4%B1l%C4%B1_50_Akademik_Y%C4%B1l%C4%B1_ed_Emine_Uyumaz_et_alii_%C4%B0stanbul_2013_451_460?f_ri=21620","dom_id":"work_4003972","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31553817,"asset_id":4003972,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2432467,"first_name":"Ferit","last_name":"Baz","domain_name":"mimarsinan","page_name":"FeritBaz","display_name":"Ferit Baz","profile_url":"https://mimarsinan.academia.edu/FeritBaz?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2432467/2053660/19644377/s65_ferit.baz.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":546,"name":"Comparative Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Law?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":3772,"name":"Legal History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_History?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":4134,"name":"Roman Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Law?f_ri=21620"},{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=21620"},{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery?f_ri=21620"},{"id":16083,"name":"European Legal History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Legal_History?f_ri=21620"},{"id":21620,"name":"Roman social history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history?f_ri=21620"},{"id":23864,"name":"Augustan Principate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Augustan_Principate?f_ri=21620"},{"id":48393,"name":"Augustus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Augustus?f_ri=21620"},{"id":50059,"name":"Roman social and economic history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_and_economic_history?f_ri=21620"},{"id":55108,"name":"The Early Principate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Early_Principate?f_ri=21620"},{"id":95692,"name":"Roman law, ancient legal history, ancient history, documentary papyri, Latin legal documents","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_law_ancient_legal_history_ancient_history_documentary_papyri_Latin_legal_documents?f_ri=21620"},{"id":757568,"name":"Freedmen of Imperial Rome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Freedmen_of_Imperial_Rome?f_ri=21620"},{"id":965797,"name":"Social History of Roman Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_History_of_Roman_Law?f_ri=21620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1474136" data-work_id="1474136" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1474136/Yaz%C4%B1tlar_I%C5%9F%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1nda_Roma_%C4%B0mparatorluk_%C3%87a%C4%9F%C4%B1_K%C3%BC%C3%A7%C3%BCkasyas%C4%B1nda_Dionysos_K%C3%BClt%C3%BC_The_cult_of_Dionysus_in_Asia_Minor_in_Roman_imperial_period_in_the_light_of_inscriptions_">Yazıtlar Işığında Roma İmparatorluk Çağı Küçükasyası'nda Dionysos Kültü (The cult of Dionysus in Asia Minor in Roman imperial period in the light of inscriptions)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">THE CULT OF DIONYSOS IN ASIA MINOR IN THE ROMAN IMPERIAL AGE Making his presence, which can be traced long before the Archaic Age, deeply felt mainly in Hellas, Asia Minor and then in Rome throughout the ancient world, Dionysos,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_1474136" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">THE CULT OF DIONYSOS IN ASIA MINOR <br />IN THE ROMAN IMPERIAL AGE <br /><br />Making his presence, which can be traced long before the Archaic Age, deeply felt mainly in Hellas, Asia Minor and then in Rome throughout the ancient world, Dionysos, depending on the place and time, appears before us sometimes as a god of grape-wine, sometimes as a god of theatre and acting arts and sometimes as a religious power shaped according to the local needs, however, he has generally been a god of nature representing the fertility and abundance. According to the inscriptions, Dionysos was mentioned with many epithetons in Asia Minor of the Roman Imperial Age, and that he was a god of nature bringing abundance-fertility and his many other features can be observed by these epithetons. Depending on the long stated customs, the cult of Dionysos in Asia Minor survived throughout the Roman Imperial Age (especially in the II-III. Century A.D. with festivals, cult associations and structuring, artists (musicians, players, dancers) that served his cult. According to the written records, festivals such as Dionysia, Lēnaia, Anthestēria, Trietēris organized in the name of Dionysos were celebrated. Dance, music and play competitions were made in these festivals maintained by the rich citizens or directors and not commonly known cult rituals were performed. Besides the associations of synodos artists called by different names in different times in the large cities of the west, cult associations broad in scope such as thiasos, speira or cult member groups with large audience in various names were active both in worshipping and these festivals. In order to achieve this, undoubtedly, both artist associations and cult associations had to have a well organized governing structure. Names were given to the cult members according to the task taken. These members also had to pay a membership fee in order to be a member or to continue to be one. Actually, these fees were as important as the epimeletes in the mainta-nance of these associations. In addition, they were supported both mate-rially and spiritually by the Roman emperors or provincial governors. Although the paganic religious activities in the lands of Asia Minor under the control of Rome were left to the free will of the cities, they would not be strong without the respect shown for the cults of the emperors, emperor and the Roman goddess (Dea Roma). The worshipping of Dionysos could only develop with the close relations with the emperors and the Roman Empire. Correspondingly, supporting a paganic cult significant for the people, the Roman Empire gained the sympathy of the people and also kept them loyal to Rome. The deification of the Roman emperors began with General Marcus Antonius, who was wellcomed as “New Dionysos” on his arrival to Ephesos, and continued in the Roman Imperial Age. During this period the associations in Anazarbos, Ankyra, Ephesos, Teōs, Aphrodisias and Sardeis characterised Emperor Hadrianus, Commodus and Caracalla by this epitheton. Thus, they deified them by considering them equal with Dionysos. Dionysos also had common worship with imperial or Dea Roma cult besides the common paganic worship of Zeus and Dēmētēr. Like all other paganic religions, the cult of Dionysos broke down with the strengthening Christianity with which it had opposite doctrines and finally with the acceptance of Christianity as the official religion of the state. However, many features of the Dionysos cult continued to exist in Asia Minor both in Christian features and local cultures and traditions. Today it still continues this effect.<br /><br />Arkaik Çağ’dan çok daha eskilere götürebildiğimiz varlığını, coğrafi olarak başta Hellas, Küçükasya ve sonraları Roma olmak üzere tüm Antik Çağ coğrafyasında etkin bir şekilde hissettiren Dionysos, yer ve zaman farkına bağlı olarak, bazı yerlerde üzüm-şarap tanrısı, bazılarında tiyatro ve sahne sanatlarının tanrısı, bazılarında ise yerel ihtiyaçlar doğrultusunda şekillendirilmiş dinsel bir güç olarak karşımıza çıkmıştır. Ama genel olarak bereket ve bolluğu temsil eden bir doğa tanrısı kimliğine sahip olmuştur. Yazıtlardan anlaşıldığına göre Roma İmparatorluk Çağı Küçükasyası’ nda birçok epitheton ile anılan Dionysos’un, bolluk-bereket getiren bir doğa tanrısı olduğu ve diğer başka özellikleri gene bu epitheton’larından anlaşılmaktadır. Küçükasya’daki Dionysos kültü Roma İmparatorluk Çağı boyunca (bilhassa M.S. II-III. yüzyılarda), öncesinden gelen bir geleneğe bağlı olarak şenlikleri, kült dernekleri ve yapılanması, kültüne hizmet eden sanatçıları (müzisyenler, oyuncular, dansçılar) ile varlığını sürdürmüştür. Yazılı belgelerden bu dönemde büyük ve zengin kentlerde hâlâ Dionysia, Lēnaia, Anthestēria, Trietēris gibi Dionysos adına tertiplenen şenliklerin kutlandığını; masrafları, epimeletes olarak bildiğimiz kentin zengin vatandaşları ya da yöneticileri tarafından karşılanan bu şenliklerde külte ilişkin dans, müzik ve oyun yarışmaların yapıldığını ve herkesçe bilinmeyen kült ritüellerinin uygulandığını öğrenmekteyiz. Bilhassa batı kesimlerdeki büyük kentlerdeki, farklı dönemlerde farklı isimlerle anılan synodos sanatçı derneklerinin yanında thiasos, speira gibi daha geniş kapsamlı kült dernekleri ya da en yaygını mystai olan çeşitli adlar altında toplanan geniş kitleli kült üye grupları hem tapınımda, hem de bu şenliklerde aktif olmuşlardır. Şüphesiz ki bunu gerçekleştirebilmek adına gerek sanatçı dernekleri gerekse kült dernekleri, iyi organize olmuş bir idari yapılanmaya sahip olmak durumundaydı. Bu derneklerde üstlendikleri görevlere göre adlandırılan kült üyelerinin, üye olabilmeleri veya üyeliklerini sürdü-rebilmeleri için ödemek zorunda oldukları aidatlar da vardı. Esasen bu derneklerin finansmanının karşılanmasında bu aidatlar, en az epimeletes’ ler kadar önemliydi. Ayrıca Roma imparatorlarının ya da eyalet yöneticilerinin hem manevi hem de maddi desteğini alıyorlardı. Zira bu dönemde Roma egemenliği altında bulunan Küçükasya topraklarındaki pagan dinsel yaşam her ne kadar kentlerin özgür iradesine bırakılmışsa da, imparatorlara, imparator ve Roma Tanrıçası (Dea Roma) kültüne gösterilen saygı olmaksızın güçlü kalamazdı. Küçükasya Dionysos tapınımı da, tamamıyla imparatorlar ve Roma İmparatorluğu ile kurulan güçlü bağlar sayesinde gelişebilmiştir. Bununla paralel olarak da Roma İmparatorluğu, halk için önemli olan pagan bir kültü destekleyerek, hem halkın sempatisini kazanmakta, hem de böylece onların Roma’ya olan bağlılığını sürdürmek amacını gütmekteydi. General Marcus Antonius’un Ephesos’a gelişinde “Yeni Dionysos” olarak karşılanmasıyla başlayan Romalı devlet adamlarını tanrılaştırma geleneği, Roma İmparatorluk Çağı’nda da sürmüş; bu dönemde özellikle Anazarbos, Ankyra, Ephesos, Teōs, Aphrodisias ve Sardeis’teki dernekler, İmparator Hadrianus, Commodus ve Caracalla’yı bu sıfatla nitelendirmişler, böylece onları Dionysos ile bir tutarak tanrılaştırmışlardır. İmparatorluk veya Dea Roma kültü ile ortak tapınımı da görülen Dionysos’un Zeus ve Dēmētēr gibi pagan tanrı-tanrıçalarla da ortak tapınımı söz konusudur. Diğer pagan dinler gibi Dionysos kültünün yıkımı da, öğretilerinin birbirine tamamen ters düştüğü Hıristiyanlık dininin güçlenmesiyle ve nihayetinde M.S. 391’de imparatorluğun resmî dini olmasıyla gerçekleşmiştir. Ancak Dionysos kültünün birçok unsuru, Küçükasya topraklarında, gerek Hıristiyanlık unsurlarında gerekse halk kültür ve geleneklerinde yaşamaya devam etmiştir. Bugün de bu etkisini göstermeye devam etmektedir."<br /><br />SEG 60-1998. Religion. Dionysos: his cult in Asia Minor, Imperial period:<br />On the basis of archaeological, numismatic, and (mainly) epigraphic attestations, B.Öztürk,Roma imparatorluk çağı Küçükasaysı’nda Dionysos kültü (Istanbul 2010), studies the cult ofΔιόνυσος in Roman Asia Minor. After general remarks about the god, he presents a geographically arranged catalogue of the relevant inscriptions with brief comments (ph. of some texts). On 196-209, Ö. provides a register with explanations of the most important terms found in the inscriptions, and on 210/211 a list of epithets.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1474136" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cc42b276866911a3fa39ec6b9f272fcb" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49725239,"asset_id":1474136,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49725239/download_file?st=MTczOTg1OTAwNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="469784" href="https://mimarsinan.academia.edu/B%C3%BClent%C3%96zt%C3%BCrk">Bülent Öztürk</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="469784" type="text/json">{"id":469784,"first_name":"Bülent","last_name":"Öztürk","domain_name":"mimarsinan","page_name":"BülentÖztürk","display_name":"Bülent Öztürk","profile_url":"https://mimarsinan.academia.edu/B%C3%BClent%C3%96zt%C3%BCrk?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/469784/156561/29195152/s65_b_lent._zt_rk.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1474136 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1474136"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1474136, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1474136", }); 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According to the inscriptions, Dionysos was mentioned with many epithetons in Asia Minor of the Roman Imperial Age, and that he was a god of nature bringing abundance-fertility and his many other features can be observed by these epithetons. Depending on the long stated customs, the cult of Dionysos in Asia Minor survived throughout the Roman Imperial Age (especially in the II-III. Century A.D. with festivals, cult associations and structuring, artists (musicians, players, dancers) that served his cult. According to the written records, festivals such as Dionysia, Lēnaia, Anthestēria, Trietēris organized in the name of Dionysos were celebrated. Dance, music and play competitions were made in these festivals maintained by the rich citizens or directors and not commonly known cult rituals were performed. Besides the associations of synodos artists called by different names in different times in the large cities of the west, cult associations broad in scope such as thiasos, speira or cult member groups with large audience in various names were active both in worshipping and these festivals. In order to achieve this, undoubtedly, both artist associations and cult associations had to have a well organized governing structure. Names were given to the cult members according to the task taken. These members also had to pay a membership fee in order to be a member or to continue to be one. Actually, these fees were as important as the epimeletes in the mainta-nance of these associations. In addition, they were supported both mate-rially and spiritually by the Roman emperors or provincial governors. Although the paganic religious activities in the lands of Asia Minor under the control of Rome were left to the free will of the cities, they would not be strong without the respect shown for the cults of the emperors, emperor and the Roman goddess (Dea Roma). The worshipping of Dionysos could only develop with the close relations with the emperors and the Roman Empire. Correspondingly, supporting a paganic cult significant for the people, the Roman Empire gained the sympathy of the people and also kept them loyal to Rome. The deification of the Roman emperors began with General Marcus Antonius, who was wellcomed as “New Dionysos” on his arrival to Ephesos, and continued in the Roman Imperial Age. During this period the associations in Anazarbos, Ankyra, Ephesos, Teōs, Aphrodisias and Sardeis characterised Emperor Hadrianus, Commodus and Caracalla by this epitheton. Thus, they deified them by considering them equal with Dionysos. Dionysos also had common worship with imperial or Dea Roma cult besides the common paganic worship of Zeus and Dēmētēr. Like all other paganic religions, the cult of Dionysos broke down with the strengthening Christianity with which it had opposite doctrines and finally with the acceptance of Christianity as the official religion of the state. However, many features of the Dionysos cult continued to exist in Asia Minor both in Christian features and local cultures and traditions. Today it still continues this effect.\n\nArkaik Çağ’dan çok daha eskilere götürebildiğimiz varlığını, coğrafi olarak başta Hellas, Küçükasya ve sonraları Roma olmak üzere tüm Antik Çağ coğrafyasında etkin bir şekilde hissettiren Dionysos, yer ve zaman farkına bağlı olarak, bazı yerlerde üzüm-şarap tanrısı, bazılarında tiyatro ve sahne sanatlarının tanrısı, bazılarında ise yerel ihtiyaçlar doğrultusunda şekillendirilmiş dinsel bir güç olarak karşımıza çıkmıştır. Ama genel olarak bereket ve bolluğu temsil eden bir doğa tanrısı kimliğine sahip olmuştur. Yazıtlardan anlaşıldığına göre Roma İmparatorluk Çağı Küçükasyası’ nda birçok epitheton ile anılan Dionysos’un, bolluk-bereket getiren bir doğa tanrısı olduğu ve diğer başka özellikleri gene bu epitheton’larından anlaşılmaktadır. Küçükasya’daki Dionysos kültü Roma İmparatorluk Çağı boyunca (bilhassa M.S. II-III. yüzyılarda), öncesinden gelen bir geleneğe bağlı olarak şenlikleri, kült dernekleri ve yapılanması, kültüne hizmet eden sanatçıları (müzisyenler, oyuncular, dansçılar) ile varlığını sürdürmüştür. Yazılı belgelerden bu dönemde büyük ve zengin kentlerde hâlâ Dionysia, Lēnaia, Anthestēria, Trietēris gibi Dionysos adına tertiplenen şenliklerin kutlandığını; masrafları, epimeletes olarak bildiğimiz kentin zengin vatandaşları ya da yöneticileri tarafından karşılanan bu şenliklerde külte ilişkin dans, müzik ve oyun yarışmaların yapıldığını ve herkesçe bilinmeyen kült ritüellerinin uygulandığını öğrenmekteyiz. Bilhassa batı kesimlerdeki büyük kentlerdeki, farklı dönemlerde farklı isimlerle anılan synodos sanatçı derneklerinin yanında thiasos, speira gibi daha geniş kapsamlı kült dernekleri ya da en yaygını mystai olan çeşitli adlar altında toplanan geniş kitleli kült üye grupları hem tapınımda, hem de bu şenliklerde aktif olmuşlardır. Şüphesiz ki bunu gerçekleştirebilmek adına gerek sanatçı dernekleri gerekse kült dernekleri, iyi organize olmuş bir idari yapılanmaya sahip olmak durumundaydı. Bu derneklerde üstlendikleri görevlere göre adlandırılan kült üyelerinin, üye olabilmeleri veya üyeliklerini sürdü-rebilmeleri için ödemek zorunda oldukları aidatlar da vardı. Esasen bu derneklerin finansmanının karşılanmasında bu aidatlar, en az epimeletes’ ler kadar önemliydi. Ayrıca Roma imparatorlarının ya da eyalet yöneticilerinin hem manevi hem de maddi desteğini alıyorlardı. Zira bu dönemde Roma egemenliği altında bulunan Küçükasya topraklarındaki pagan dinsel yaşam her ne kadar kentlerin özgür iradesine bırakılmışsa da, imparatorlara, imparator ve Roma Tanrıçası (Dea Roma) kültüne gösterilen saygı olmaksızın güçlü kalamazdı. Küçükasya Dionysos tapınımı da, tamamıyla imparatorlar ve Roma İmparatorluğu ile kurulan güçlü bağlar sayesinde gelişebilmiştir. Bununla paralel olarak da Roma İmparatorluğu, halk için önemli olan pagan bir kültü destekleyerek, hem halkın sempatisini kazanmakta, hem de böylece onların Roma’ya olan bağlılığını sürdürmek amacını gütmekteydi. General Marcus Antonius’un Ephesos’a gelişinde “Yeni Dionysos” olarak karşılanmasıyla başlayan Romalı devlet adamlarını tanrılaştırma geleneği, Roma İmparatorluk Çağı’nda da sürmüş; bu dönemde özellikle Anazarbos, Ankyra, Ephesos, Teōs, Aphrodisias ve Sardeis’teki dernekler, İmparator Hadrianus, Commodus ve Caracalla’yı bu sıfatla nitelendirmişler, böylece onları Dionysos ile bir tutarak tanrılaştırmışlardır. İmparatorluk veya Dea Roma kültü ile ortak tapınımı da görülen Dionysos’un Zeus ve Dēmētēr gibi pagan tanrı-tanrıçalarla da ortak tapınımı söz konusudur. Diğer pagan dinler gibi Dionysos kültünün yıkımı da, öğretilerinin birbirine tamamen ters düştüğü Hıristiyanlık dininin güçlenmesiyle ve nihayetinde M.S. 391’de imparatorluğun resmî dini olmasıyla gerçekleşmiştir. Ancak Dionysos kültünün birçok unsuru, Küçükasya topraklarında, gerek Hıristiyanlık unsurlarında gerekse halk kültür ve geleneklerinde yaşamaya devam etmiştir. Bugün de bu etkisini göstermeye devam etmektedir.\"\n\nSEG 60-1998. Religion. Dionysos: his cult in Asia Minor, Imperial period:\nOn the basis of archaeological, numismatic, and (mainly) epigraphic attestations, B.Öztürk,Roma imparatorluk çağı Küçükasaysı’nda Dionysos kültü (Istanbul 2010), studies the cult ofΔιόνυσος in Roman Asia Minor. After general remarks about the god, he presents a geographically arranged catalogue of the relevant inscriptions with brief comments (ph. of some texts). 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to notice that around the end of the 4th century CE and the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_36357960" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The discussion on the spread of convivial luxury involving key figures of late Republican Rome reported in a passage of the 3rd book of the Saturnalia gives the opportunity to notice that around the end of the 4th century CE and the beginning of the 5th, Roman past history could be evaluated not merely through an idealized view, but also in order to censure some specific customs of the Republican period and to compare them with contemporary ones. In this light, in addition to stating the use of records from the pontifical archives as well as offering useful data from an historic-economic viewpoint, the exchange of opinions attributed to the two Albini brothers by Macrobius in this section of his work, allows us to suppose that through his antiquarian approach the author also meant to defend aristocratic ethics and probably reject the criticism about sumptuous trends which characterized banquets of the pagan élites in Late Antiquity.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36357960" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b529a5a8a1c1a23ff4341393a3f32f86" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56266803,"asset_id":36357960,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56266803/download_file?st=MTczOTg1OTAwNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="15137551" href="https://unifi.academia.edu/IdaGildaMastrorosa">Ida Gilda Mastrorosa</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="15137551" type="text/json">{"id":15137551,"first_name":"Ida Gilda","last_name":"Mastrorosa","domain_name":"unifi","page_name":"IdaGildaMastrorosa","display_name":"Ida Gilda Mastrorosa","profile_url":"https://unifi.academia.edu/IdaGildaMastrorosa?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15137551/10945631/12218989/s65_ida_gilda.mastrorosa.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36357960 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36357960"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36357960, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36357960", }); 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href="https://www.academia.edu/44176110/Aproximaciones_a_la_noci%C3%B3n_de_prostituci%C3%B3n_prostituta_y_prostituto_en_el_mundo_grecorromano_Closeness_to_the_idea_of_prostitution_female_prostitute_and_male_prostitute_in_the_Greco_Roman_World">Aproximaciones a la noción de prostitución, prostituta y prostituto en el mundo grecorromano - Closeness to the idea of prostitution, female prostitute and male prostitute in the Greco-Roman World.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Resumen La presente investigación tiene por fin dar aproximaciones hacia el concepto de prostitución, prostituto y prostituta en el mundo grecorromano, considerando los distintos significados que le fueron otorgados, así como también la... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44176110" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Resumen<br />La presente investigación tiene por fin dar aproximaciones hacia el concepto de prostitución, prostituto y prostituta en el mundo grecorromano, considerando los distintos significados que le fueron otorgados, así como también la visión de varias fuentes frente al tema. Es un estudio comprensivo de los conceptos y las diversificaciones eufemísticas y disfemísticas que les fueron otorgadas a las personas que realizaban actos sexuales. Los resultados son una apertura a la discusión y al debate sobre la prostitución y quienes ejercían dichos actos, así como también una profundización a una realidad social vivida en el mundo grecorromano.<br /><br />Abstract<br />The aim of this research is to get closer to the notion of prostitution, male prostitute, and female prostitute in the Greco-Roman world, considering the different meanings that were given to these words, and also the vision of many sources related to the topic. It is a comprehensive study about concepts and euphemistic and disfemistic diversifications, which were given to the people who practiced sexual relationships. The results are an opening to discussion and debate about prostitution and who practiced these acts, just like a deepening to a social reality lived in the Greco-Roman world.<br /><br /><br />Resumo<br />O presente estudo tem a finalidade de aproximar-se do conceito de prostituição, prostituto e prostituta no mundo greco-romano, considerando os diferentes significados que lhe foram outorgados, bem como a visão de várias fontes em relação ao tema. É um estudo abrangente dos conceitos e das diversificações eufemísticas e disfemísticas que lhe foram outorgadas às pessoas que realizavam atos sexuais. Os resultados são uma abertura à discussão e ao debate sobre a prostituição e àquelas pessoas que exerciam tais atos, bem como um aprofundamento a uma realidade social vivida no mundo greco-romano.<br /><br /><br />Résumé<br />La recherche suivante a par objet donner des approches vers l’idée de prostitution, prostitué et prostituée dans monde gréco-romain, en considérant les différents significations qu’on donné à ces paroles, et aussi la vision de beaucoup de sources relatives au sujet. C’est une etude comprehensive sur des idées et les diversifications euphémistiques et disfemístiques, lesquelles ont été donnés aux personnes qui pratiquaient des rapports sexuels. Les résultats sont une ouverture à la discussion et au débat sur la prostitution et qui pratiquaient ces actes, ainsi qu’ approfondir dans une réalité sociale vécue dans le monde gréco-romain.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44176110" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="97a061ff9ffd95efde40810679504a39" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64536107,"asset_id":44176110,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64536107/download_file?st=MTczOTg1OTAwNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2793246" href="https://udec-cl.academia.edu/AndresCidZurita">Andres Cid Zurita</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2793246" type="text/json">{"id":2793246,"first_name":"Andres","last_name":"Cid Zurita","domain_name":"udec-cl","page_name":"AndresCidZurita","display_name":"Andres Cid Zurita","profile_url":"https://udec-cl.academia.edu/AndresCidZurita?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2793246/914538/159936750/s65_andres.cid_zurita.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44176110 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44176110"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44176110, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44176110", }); 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Es un estudio comprensivo de los conceptos y las diversificaciones eufemísticas y disfemísticas que les fueron otorgadas a las personas que realizaban actos sexuales. Los resultados son una apertura a la discusión y al debate sobre la prostitución y quienes ejercían dichos actos, así como también una profundización a una realidad social vivida en el mundo grecorromano.\n\nAbstract\nThe aim of this research is to get closer to the notion of prostitution, male prostitute, and female prostitute in the Greco-Roman world, considering the different meanings that were given to these words, and also the vision of many sources related to the topic. It is a comprehensive study about concepts and euphemistic and disfemistic diversifications, which were given to the people who practiced sexual relationships. The results are an opening to discussion and debate about prostitution and who practiced these acts, just like a deepening to a social reality lived in the Greco-Roman world.\n\n\nResumo\nO presente estudo tem a finalidade de aproximar-se do conceito de prostituição, prostituto e prostituta no mundo greco-romano, considerando os diferentes significados que lhe foram outorgados, bem como a visão de várias fontes em relação ao tema. É um estudo abrangente dos conceitos e das diversificações eufemísticas e disfemísticas que lhe foram outorgadas às pessoas que realizavam atos sexuais. Os resultados são uma abertura à discussão e ao debate sobre a prostituição e àquelas pessoas que exerciam tais atos, bem como um aprofundamento a uma realidade social vivida no mundo greco-romano.\n\n\nRésumé\nLa recherche suivante a par objet donner des approches vers l’idée de prostitution, prostitué et prostituée dans monde gréco-romain, en considérant les différents significations qu’on donné à ces paroles, et aussi la vision de beaucoup de sources relatives au sujet. C’est une etude comprehensive sur des idées et les diversifications euphémistiques et disfemístiques, lesquelles ont été donnés aux personnes qui pratiquaient des rapports sexuels. Les résultats sont une ouverture à la discussion et au débat sur la prostitution et qui pratiquaient ces actes, ainsi qu’ approfondir dans une réalité sociale vécue dans le monde gréco-romain.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64536107,"asset_id":44176110,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2793246,"first_name":"Andres","last_name":"Cid Zurita","domain_name":"udec-cl","page_name":"AndresCidZurita","display_name":"Andres Cid Zurita","profile_url":"https://udec-cl.academia.edu/AndresCidZurita?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2793246/914538/159936750/s65_andres.cid_zurita.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":15807,"name":"Latin Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_Epigraphy?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":21578,"name":"Roman Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Epigraphy?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":21620,"name":"Roman social history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":22972,"name":"History of Prostitution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Prostitution?f_ri=21620"},{"id":50428,"name":"Ancient Roman Social History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Roman_Social_History?f_ri=21620"},{"id":79496,"name":"Pompeii and Herculaneum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pompeii_and_Herculaneum?f_ri=21620"},{"id":91218,"name":"Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epigraphy?f_ri=21620"},{"id":247249,"name":"Roman Prostitution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Prostitution?f_ri=21620"},{"id":293212,"name":"Epigrafía romana","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epigraf%C3%ADa_romana?f_ri=21620"},{"id":387692,"name":"grafite em Pompeia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/grafite_em_Pompeia?f_ri=21620"},{"id":633966,"name":"Greek and Roman Social History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_and_Roman_Social_History?f_ri=21620"},{"id":2830621,"name":"roman grafitti","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/roman_grafitti?f_ri=21620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12115866" data-work_id="12115866" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12115866/Comites_consistoriani_w_wieku_IV_Studium_prosopograficzne_elity_dworskiej_Cesarstwa_Rzymskiego_320_395_n_e">Comites consistoriani w wieku IV. Studium prosopograficzne elity dworskiej Cesarstwa Rzymskiego 320-395 n.e.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12115866" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e34a9b7b50a0878b3616a04165a46abd" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58174592,"asset_id":12115866,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58174592/download_file?st=MTczOTg1OTAwNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3517043" href="https://torun-pl.academia.edu/SzymonOlszaniec">Szymon Olszaniec</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3517043" type="text/json">{"id":3517043,"first_name":"Szymon","last_name":"Olszaniec","domain_name":"torun-pl","page_name":"SzymonOlszaniec","display_name":"Szymon Olszaniec","profile_url":"https://torun-pl.academia.edu/SzymonOlszaniec?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3517043/9020537/10063810/s65_szymon.olszaniec.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12115866 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12115866"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12115866, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12115866", }); 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April 1, 2022</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/76451796" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e6e9612959bb548a301f990b552fc218" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":84155733,"asset_id":76451796,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84155733/download_file?st=MTczOTg1OTAwNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="28871061" href="https://rutgers.academia.edu/JessicaMingoia">Jessica Mingoia</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="28871061" type="text/json">{"id":28871061,"first_name":"Jessica","last_name":"Mingoia","domain_name":"rutgers","page_name":"JessicaMingoia","display_name":"Jessica Mingoia","profile_url":"https://rutgers.academia.edu/JessicaMingoia?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/28871061/11396713/115315223/s65_jessica.mingoia.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_76451796 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="76451796"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 76451796, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_76451796", }); 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u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Conférence organisée à l'occasion de l'ouverture au public du parc archéologique de Samara <br /> <br />La conférence faisait suite à une marche de 14 km par 8 légionnaires de l'association Legion VIII Augusta le matin même</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/2966227" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8087f5c8238b31aedfaa2ae093f2c0a6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":30924828,"asset_id":2966227,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" 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style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="2966227"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21324" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Army">Roman Army</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21324" type="text/json">{"id":21324,"name":"Roman Army","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Army?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21620" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history">Roman social history</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="21620" type="text/json">{"id":21620,"name":"Roman social history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=2966227]'), work: {"id":2966227,"title":"Les muletiers à l'époque romaine ","created_at":"2013-03-12T04:40:51.717-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/2966227/Les_muletiers_%C3%A0_l%C3%A9poque_romaine?f_ri=21620","dom_id":"work_2966227","summary":"Conférence organisée à l'occasion de l'ouverture au public du parc archéologique de Samara\r\n\r\nLa conférence faisait suite à une marche de 14 km par 8 légionnaires de l'association Legion VIII Augusta le matin même ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":30924828,"asset_id":2966227,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":422161,"first_name":"alexander","last_name":"colot","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"alexandercolot","display_name":"alexander 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href="https://www.academia.edu/2574807/Miroir_des_autres_reflet_de_soi_St%C3%A9r%C3%A9otypes_politique_et_soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_dans_le_monde_romain_Paris_Michel_Houdiard_Coll_LAtelier_des_sciences_humaines_et_sociales_Universit%C3%A9_Paul_Val%C3%A9ry_Montpellier_3_EA_4424_CRISES_2012">Miroir des autres, reflet de soi. Stéréotypes, politique et société dans le monde romain, Paris, Michel Houdiard (Coll. L'Atelier des sciences humaines et sociales ; Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier 3 ; EA 4424-CRISES), 2012</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Au carrefour des sciences sociales, les stéréotypes constituent des instruments privilégiés de mise au jour des processus de construction identitaire, des sentiments d’appartenance communautaire et des phénomènes d’intégration à la Cité... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_2574807" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Au carrefour des sciences sociales, les stéréotypes constituent des instruments privilégiés de mise au jour des processus de construction identitaire, des sentiments d’appartenance communautaire et des phénomènes d’intégration à la Cité ou d’exclusion aux marges du monde. Éléments structurants du discours historique, littéraire ou iconographique antique, ils peuvent révéler une partie méconnue de l’imaginaire romain, fait de croyances et de peurs, de rôles et de comportements attendus à l’égard de l’Autre. Toutefois, quand ils parlaient des « autres », les Romains parlaient aussi d’eux-mêmes. Les stéréotypes donnent ainsi à voir des normes sociales, dont l’analyse rend compte des modalités de création du consensus ou de naissance du conflit au sein de la société romaine. <br />Fruit du séminaire « Stéréotypes romains », mené au sein de l’équipe C.R.I.S.E.S – EA 4424 (Montpellier III), cet ouvrage se veut une première approche dont l’objectif est à terme de rendre aux stéréotypes leur place dans la recherche historique. Il propose, dans une perspective pluridisciplinaire et ouverte à d’autres champs géographiques et historiques, des analyses aussi bien thématiques que méthodologiques.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/2574807" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f56af78570c0b220505ecb651691e85f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48585472,"asset_id":2574807,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48585472/download_file?st=MTczOTg1OTAwNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3333729" href="https://univ-amu.academia.edu/CyrilCourrier">Cyril Courrier</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3333729" type="text/json">{"id":3333729,"first_name":"Cyril","last_name":"Courrier","domain_name":"univ-amu","page_name":"CyrilCourrier","display_name":"Cyril Courrier","profile_url":"https://univ-amu.academia.edu/CyrilCourrier?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3333729/1116441/38194679/s65_cyril.courrier.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-2574807">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-2574807"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://univ-montp3.academia.edu/H%C3%A9l%C3%A8neM%C3%A9nard">Hélène Ménard</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-2574807'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-2574807').html(); 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Stéréotypes, politique et société dans le monde romain, Paris, Michel Houdiard (Coll. L'Atelier des sciences humaines et sociales ; Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier 3 ; EA 4424-CRISES), 2012","created_at":"2013-02-14T20:46:17.367-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/2574807/Miroir_des_autres_reflet_de_soi_St%C3%A9r%C3%A9otypes_politique_et_soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_dans_le_monde_romain_Paris_Michel_Houdiard_Coll_LAtelier_des_sciences_humaines_et_sociales_Universit%C3%A9_Paul_Val%C3%A9ry_Montpellier_3_EA_4424_CRISES_2012?f_ri=21620","dom_id":"work_2574807","summary":"Au carrefour des sciences sociales, les stéréotypes constituent des instruments privilégiés de mise au jour des processus de construction identitaire, des sentiments d’appartenance communautaire et des phénomènes d’intégration à la Cité ou d’exclusion aux marges du monde. Éléments structurants du discours historique, littéraire ou iconographique antique, ils peuvent révéler une partie méconnue de l’imaginaire romain, fait de croyances et de peurs, de rôles et de comportements attendus à l’égard de l’Autre. Toutefois, quand ils parlaient des « autres », les Romains parlaient aussi d’eux-mêmes. Les stéréotypes donnent ainsi à voir des normes sociales, dont l’analyse rend compte des modalités de création du consensus ou de naissance du conflit au sein de la société romaine.\r\nFruit du séminaire « Stéréotypes romains », mené au sein de l’équipe C.R.I.S.E.S – EA 4424 (Montpellier III), cet ouvrage se veut une première approche dont l’objectif est à terme de rendre aux stéréotypes leur place dans la recherche historique. Il propose, dans une perspective pluridisciplinaire et ouverte à d’autres champs géographiques et historiques, des analyses aussi bien thématiques que méthodologiques.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48585472,"asset_id":2574807,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false},{"id":30901855,"asset_id":2574807,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3333729,"first_name":"Cyril","last_name":"Courrier","domain_name":"univ-amu","page_name":"CyrilCourrier","display_name":"Cyril Courrier","profile_url":"https://univ-amu.academia.edu/CyrilCourrier?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3333729/1116441/38194679/s65_cyril.courrier.jpg"},{"id":2002240,"first_name":"Hélène","last_name":"Ménard","domain_name":"univ-montp3","page_name":"HélèneMénard","display_name":"Hélène 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href="https://www.academia.edu/1032549/Review_of_Power_and_Persuasion_in_Late_Antiquity_by_Peter_Brown">Review of Power & Persuasion in Late Antiquity by Peter Brown</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1032549" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a190afed90fd125ecef7b89e2d40b92b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":6302063,"asset_id":1032549,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen 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History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_History?f_ri=21620"},{"id":21620,"name":"Roman social history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history?f_ri=21620"},{"id":962339,"name":"Civic Action","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civic_Action?f_ri=21620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_28930301" data-work_id="28930301" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/28930301/Compravendita_di_merce_umana_durante_il_principato_di_Antonino_Pio">Compravendita di “merce” umana durante il principato di Antonino Pio</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Lo schiavo occupa nella società romana una posizione ambivalente: pur visto, sempre più nel corso dei secoli, nella sua complessità morale come una persona, partecipe della ratio subiecti iuris, rimane sostanzialmente equiparato ad un... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_28930301" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Lo schiavo occupa nella società romana una posizione ambivalente: pur visto, sempre più nel corso dei secoli, nella sua complessità morale come una persona, partecipe della ratio subiecti iuris, rimane sostanzialmente equiparato ad un mero oggetto, ad una res che appartiene al padrone in qualità di un bene patrimoniale 1 , privo di qualsiasi dirit-Compravendita di "Merce" umana 35 * Il presente saggio riproduce, ma con l'aggiunta delle note, la comunicazione letta nel corso del Convegno della SIHDA tenutosi a Catania nei giorni dal 24 al 29 settembre 2007.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/28930301" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3a12fc50ca2612ab7dd67623877a7fa0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49366316,"asset_id":28930301,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49366316/download_file?st=MTczOTg1OTAwNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa 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class="js-view-count-work_28930301 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="28930301"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 28930301; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=28930301]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_28930301").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_28930301").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="28930301"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="829" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History">Roman History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="829" type="text/json">{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21620" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history">Roman social history</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="21620" type="text/json">{"id":21620,"name":"Roman social history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=28930301]'), work: {"id":28930301,"title":"Compravendita di “merce” umana durante il principato di Antonino Pio","created_at":"2016-10-05T00:57:42.214-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/28930301/Compravendita_di_merce_umana_durante_il_principato_di_Antonino_Pio?f_ri=21620","dom_id":"work_28930301","summary":"Lo schiavo occupa nella società romana una posizione ambivalente: pur visto, sempre più nel corso dei secoli, nella sua complessità morale come una persona, partecipe della ratio subiecti iuris, rimane sostanzialmente equiparato ad un mero oggetto, ad una res che appartiene al padrone in qualità di un bene patrimoniale 1 , privo di qualsiasi dirit-Compravendita di \"Merce\" umana 35 * Il presente saggio riproduce, ma con l'aggiunta delle note, la comunicazione letta nel corso del Convegno della SIHDA tenutosi a Catania nei giorni dal 24 al 29 settembre 2007.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49366316,"asset_id":28930301,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":54510070,"first_name":"Rosario","last_name":"Soraci","domain_name":"unico","page_name":"RosarioSoraci","display_name":"Rosario Soraci","profile_url":"https://unico.academia.edu/RosarioSoraci?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/54510070/14377258/15298932/s65_rosario.soraci.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":21620,"name":"Roman social history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44759228" data-work_id="44759228" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44759228/Il_lessico_della_sottomissione_studi_sul_termine_stipendiarius_">Il lessico della sottomissione: studi sul termine "stipendiarius"</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Dalla pubblicazione dell’agile ma fondamentale volume di Francesco Grelle (Stipendium vel tributum. L’imposizione fondiaria nelle dottrine giuridiche del II e III secolo, Napoli 1963) le ricerche sul tema della distinzione delle imposte... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44759228" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Dalla pubblicazione dell’agile ma fondamentale volume di Francesco Grelle (Stipendium vel tributum. L’imposizione fondiaria nelle dottrine giuridiche del II e III secolo, Napoli 1963) le ricerche sul tema della distinzione delle imposte conosciute con il nome di stipendium e tributum, nonché dei corrispondenti aggettivi stipendiarius e tributarius, hanno conosciuto rinnovato vigore. Ciò nonostante, molte questioni sono rimaste insolute. <br />Più di altri, il termine stipendiarius è stato oggetto di indagini parziali, spesso basate su preconcetti che hanno condizionato la lettura e l’interpretazione delle opere antiche. Il presente volume mira ad offrire un’analisi completa e dettagliata delle occorrenze del vocabolo attraverso il confronto tra tutte le fonti – letterarie, epigrafiche, giuridiche e gromatiche – che lo menzionano, ricostruendo, per quanto possibile, l’evoluzione semantica e metonimica del termine dal punto di vista diacronico.<br />Si sfata così un luogo comune: gli stipendiarii non sono solo gli individui – o le terre –  soggetti al pagamento dello stipendium, ma sono, prima di tutto, i sottomessi, coloro che portavano anche nel nome il peso del trionfo del popolo romano.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44759228" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="625f5d016841161c955ddb42573b1c91" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":104467398,"asset_id":44759228,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/104467398/download_file?st=MTczOTg1OTAwNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="718382" href="https://unict.academia.edu/CristinaSoraci">Cristina Soraci</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="718382" type="text/json">{"id":718382,"first_name":"Cristina","last_name":"Soraci","domain_name":"unict","page_name":"CristinaSoraci","display_name":"Cristina Soraci","profile_url":"https://unict.academia.edu/CristinaSoraci?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/718382/498775/14391013/s65_cristina.soraci.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44759228 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44759228"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44759228, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44759228", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44759228]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44759228").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44759228").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44759228"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="829" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History">Roman History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="829" type="text/json">{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21620" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history">Roman social history</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21620" type="text/json">{"id":21620,"name":"Roman social history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23640" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Economy">Roman Economy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23640" type="text/json">{"id":23640,"name":"Roman Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Economy?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="50059" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_and_economic_history">Roman social and economic history</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="50059" type="text/json">{"id":50059,"name":"Roman social and economic history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_and_economic_history?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44759228]'), work: {"id":44759228,"title":"Il lessico della sottomissione: studi sul termine \"stipendiarius\"","created_at":"2020-12-22T22:44:30.673-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44759228/Il_lessico_della_sottomissione_studi_sul_termine_stipendiarius_?f_ri=21620","dom_id":"work_44759228","summary":"Dalla pubblicazione dell’agile ma fondamentale volume di Francesco Grelle (Stipendium vel tributum. L’imposizione fondiaria nelle dottrine giuridiche del II e III secolo, Napoli 1963) le ricerche sul tema della distinzione delle imposte conosciute con il nome di stipendium e tributum, nonché dei corrispondenti aggettivi stipendiarius e tributarius, hanno conosciuto rinnovato vigore. Ciò nonostante, molte questioni sono rimaste insolute. \nPiù di altri, il termine stipendiarius è stato oggetto di indagini parziali, spesso basate su preconcetti che hanno condizionato la lettura e l’interpretazione delle opere antiche. Il presente volume mira ad offrire un’analisi completa e dettagliata delle occorrenze del vocabolo attraverso il confronto tra tutte le fonti – letterarie, epigrafiche, giuridiche e gromatiche – che lo menzionano, ricostruendo, per quanto possibile, l’evoluzione semantica e metonimica del termine dal punto di vista diacronico.\nSi sfata così un luogo comune: gli stipendiarii non sono solo gli individui – o le terre – soggetti al pagamento dello stipendium, ma sono, prima di tutto, i sottomessi, coloro che portavano anche nel nome il peso del trionfo del popolo romano.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":104467398,"asset_id":44759228,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":718382,"first_name":"Cristina","last_name":"Soraci","domain_name":"unict","page_name":"CristinaSoraci","display_name":"Cristina Soraci","profile_url":"https://unict.academia.edu/CristinaSoraci?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/718382/498775/14391013/s65_cristina.soraci.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":21620,"name":"Roman social history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":23640,"name":"Roman Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Economy?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":50059,"name":"Roman social and economic history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_and_economic_history?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_40980708" data-work_id="40980708" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40980708/Roman_Women_and_Public_History_la_creativit%C3%A0_del_web">Roman Women & Public History: la creatività del web</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper highlights a fresh approach in the Mid-Seventies to the historiographical discussion of the female condition and women’s role in the ancient, and more specifically Roman World, thanks to works like Sarah B. Pomeroy’s... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_40980708" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper highlights a fresh approach in the Mid-Seventies to the historiographical discussion of the female condition and women’s role in the ancient, and more specifically Roman World, thanks to works like Sarah B. Pomeroy’s "Goddesses, whores, wives, and slaves "(1975). Beyond its place in that decade’s feminist debate in the USA, this book’s many faceted and pragmatic nature has contributed a more articulated view of Roman women’s image. It left its mark not only on later historiography, sparking new discussions among Roman history specialists, but also well beyond, as the numerous videos and films on Roman women available on the Internet attest. These latter display the creativity and skill of their authors, of various ages and levels of knowledge and technical expertise. While being informed, the viewer is catapulted into women’s daily life in ancient Rome as they deal with the typical problems ascribed to women in every epoch. In this perspective, such efforts can be seen as an excellent example of applied Public History, whose usefulness in increasing gender studies relating to Roman history is well worth evaluation.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/40980708" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="77f45dec3578c2d2e4975d76f7c9916f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":61262547,"asset_id":40980708,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61262547/download_file?st=MTczOTg1OTAwNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="15137551" href="https://unifi.academia.edu/IdaGildaMastrorosa">Ida Gilda Mastrorosa</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="15137551" type="text/json">{"id":15137551,"first_name":"Ida Gilda","last_name":"Mastrorosa","domain_name":"unifi","page_name":"IdaGildaMastrorosa","display_name":"Ida Gilda Mastrorosa","profile_url":"https://unifi.academia.edu/IdaGildaMastrorosa?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15137551/10945631/12218989/s65_ida_gilda.mastrorosa.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_40980708 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="40980708"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 40980708, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_40980708", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_40980708 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40980708; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_40980708"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_40980708 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="40980708"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40980708; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40980708]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_40980708").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_40980708").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="40980708"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">19</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="696" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Studies">Gender Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="696" type="text/json">{"id":696,"name":"Gender Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Studies?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="829" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History">Roman History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="829" type="text/json">{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="863" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_Studies">Visual Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="863" type="text/json">{"id":863,"name":"Visual Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_Studies?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="933" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Media">New Media</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="933" type="text/json">{"id":933,"name":"New Media","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Media?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=40980708]'), work: {"id":40980708,"title":"Roman Women \u0026 Public History: la creatività del web","created_at":"2019-11-19T00:27:10.405-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/40980708/Roman_Women_and_Public_History_la_creativit%C3%A0_del_web?f_ri=21620","dom_id":"work_40980708","summary":"This paper highlights a fresh approach in the Mid-Seventies to the historiographical discussion of the female condition and women’s role in the ancient, and more specifically Roman World, thanks to works like Sarah B. Pomeroy’s \"Goddesses, whores, wives, and slaves \"(1975). Beyond its place in that decade’s feminist debate in the USA, this book’s many faceted and pragmatic nature has contributed a more articulated view of Roman women’s image. It left its mark not only on later historiography, sparking new discussions among Roman history specialists, but also well beyond, as the numerous videos and films on Roman women available on the Internet attest. These latter display the creativity and skill of their authors, of various ages and levels of knowledge and technical expertise. While being informed, the viewer is catapulted into women’s daily life in ancient Rome as they deal with the typical problems ascribed to women in every epoch. In this perspective, such efforts can be seen as an excellent example of applied Public History, whose usefulness in increasing gender studies relating to Roman history is well worth evaluation.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":61262547,"asset_id":40980708,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":15137551,"first_name":"Ida Gilda","last_name":"Mastrorosa","domain_name":"unifi","page_name":"IdaGildaMastrorosa","display_name":"Ida Gilda Mastrorosa","profile_url":"https://unifi.academia.edu/IdaGildaMastrorosa?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15137551/10945631/12218989/s65_ida_gilda.mastrorosa.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":696,"name":"Gender Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Studies?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":863,"name":"Visual Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_Studies?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":933,"name":"New Media","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Media?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":2272,"name":"Gender History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_History?f_ri=21620"},{"id":3412,"name":"Public History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_History?f_ri=21620"},{"id":4134,"name":"Roman Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Law?f_ri=21620"},{"id":11467,"name":"Visual Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_Communication?f_ri=21620"},{"id":15245,"name":"History of the Family","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_the_Family?f_ri=21620"},{"id":19385,"name":"Feminist Media Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Feminist_Media_Studies?f_ri=21620"},{"id":21620,"name":"Roman social history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history?f_ri=21620"},{"id":36831,"name":"Visual Media","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_Media?f_ri=21620"},{"id":42350,"name":"Youtube","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Youtube?f_ri=21620"},{"id":47240,"name":"Estudios de Género","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Estudios_de_G%C3%A9nero?f_ri=21620"},{"id":49663,"name":"Women and Gender Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Women_and_Gender_Studies?f_ri=21620"},{"id":50967,"name":"Mass Communication and New Media","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mass_Communication_and_New_Media?f_ri=21620"},{"id":73546,"name":"Roman family","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_family?f_ri=21620"},{"id":192623,"name":"gender studies, women in ancient Rome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/gender_studies_women_in_ancient_Rome?f_ri=21620"},{"id":297683,"name":"Histoire des femmes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Histoire_des_femmes?f_ri=21620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4928912" data-work_id="4928912" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4928912/Social_Policies_under_Claudius_I_by_Keith_Armstrong">Social Policies under Claudius I by Keith Armstrong</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Claudius made substantial changes to the laws governing women as he "upgraded the mother's right to inherit. This concession to her contribution to the family was also a move in line to the 'cognatic' principle of wills, which tended to... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4928912" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Claudius made substantial changes to the laws governing women as he "upgraded the mother's right to inherit. This concession to her contribution to the family was also a move in line to the 'cognatic' principle of wills, which tended to spread goods beyond the male line of agnatic succession.  Claudius also denied the right of slave owners to kill their slaves because they were old or had a physical impairment.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4928912" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0ddbc3b46b063757a5efc4e8f697497a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32189030,"asset_id":4928912,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32189030/download_file?st=MTczOTg1OTAwNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4030087" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KeithArmstrong">Keith Armstrong</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4030087" type="text/json">{"id":4030087,"first_name":"Keith","last_name":"Armstrong","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KeithArmstrong","display_name":"Keith Armstrong","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KeithArmstrong?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4030087/1534578/2572314/s65_keith.armstrong.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4928912 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4928912"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4928912, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4928912", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4928912]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4928912").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4928912").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4928912"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">17</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="696" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Studies">Gender Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="696" type="text/json">{"id":696,"name":"Gender Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Studies?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="816" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classics">Classics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="816" type="text/json">{"id":816,"name":"Classics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classics?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="829" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History">Roman History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="829" type="text/json">{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1138" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Womens_Studies">Women's Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1138" type="text/json">{"id":1138,"name":"Women's Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Womens_Studies?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4928912]'), work: {"id":4928912,"title":"Social Policies under Claudius I by Keith Armstrong","created_at":"2013-10-29T14:56:06.518-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4928912/Social_Policies_under_Claudius_I_by_Keith_Armstrong?f_ri=21620","dom_id":"work_4928912","summary":"Claudius made substantial changes to the laws governing women as he \"upgraded the mother's right to inherit. This concession to her contribution to the family was also a move in line to the 'cognatic' principle of wills, which tended to spread goods beyond the male line of agnatic succession. Claudius also denied the right of slave owners to kill their slaves because they were old or had a physical impairment.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32189030,"asset_id":4928912,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4030087,"first_name":"Keith","last_name":"Armstrong","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KeithArmstrong","display_name":"Keith Armstrong","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KeithArmstrong?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4030087/1534578/2572314/s65_keith.armstrong.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":696,"name":"Gender Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Studies?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":816,"name":"Classics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classics?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":1138,"name":"Women's Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Womens_Studies?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":1237,"name":"Social Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Sciences?f_ri=21620"},{"id":1726,"name":"Women's History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Womens_History?f_ri=21620"},{"id":2260,"name":"Disability Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disability_Studies?f_ri=21620"},{"id":4134,"name":"Roman Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Law?f_ri=21620"},{"id":5406,"name":"Social identities (History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_identities_History_?f_ri=21620"},{"id":15588,"name":"Social History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_History?f_ri=21620"},{"id":19993,"name":"History of Social Welfare","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Social_Welfare?f_ri=21620"},{"id":21000,"name":"Social and Cultural History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_and_Cultural_History?f_ri=21620"},{"id":21620,"name":"Roman social history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history?f_ri=21620"},{"id":23640,"name":"Roman Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Economy?f_ri=21620"},{"id":25175,"name":"Social History of Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_History_of_Medicine?f_ri=21620"},{"id":174607,"name":"Social Reform","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Reform?f_ri=21620"},{"id":633966,"name":"Greek and Roman Social History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_and_Roman_Social_History?f_ri=21620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37525070" data-work_id="37525070" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37525070/F%C3%BCnf_Graffiti_auf_r%C3%B6mischen_Gef%C3%A4%C3%9Fen_aus_Speyer">Fünf Graffiti auf römischen Gefäßen aus Speyer</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Graffiti aus römischer Zeit kommen auf Oberflächen aus Stein, Wandputz, Metall, Ton, Glas und Bein vor. Auf persönlichen Gegenständen fungieren sie häufig als Besitzerinschriften, wie im Fall eines Terra Sigillata-Tellers oder -Deckels,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37525070" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Graffiti aus römischer Zeit kommen auf Oberflächen aus Stein, Wandputz, Metall, Ton, Glas und Bein vor. Auf persönlichen Gegenständen fungieren sie häufig als Besitzerinschriften, wie im Fall eines Terra Sigillata-Tellers oder -Deckels, auf dessen Fragment ein gewisser Silvester als Besitzer genannt ist (Abb. links oben). Die kursiven, zum Teil gelängten Buchstabenformen sind Merkmale einer elaborierten Handschrift. Diese Schriftart, in der man auch in Wachs, auf Papyrus oder Pergament schrieb, wird als ältere römische Kursive bezeichnet.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37525070" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="67d1247585d8c86ada124ebdc985ee99" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57498270,"asset_id":37525070,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57498270/download_file?st=MTczOTg1OTAwNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2776608" href="https://uni-heidelberg.academia.edu/PollyLohmann">Polly Lohmann</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2776608" type="text/json">{"id":2776608,"first_name":"Polly","last_name":"Lohmann","domain_name":"uni-heidelberg","page_name":"PollyLohmann","display_name":"Polly Lohmann","profile_url":"https://uni-heidelberg.academia.edu/PollyLohmann?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2776608/968763/1212638/s65_polly.lohmann.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37525070 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37525070"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37525070, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37525070", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37525070]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_37525070").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_37525070").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37525070"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3292" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epigraphy_Archaeology_">Epigraphy (Archaeology)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3292" type="text/json">{"id":3292,"name":"Epigraphy (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epigraphy_Archaeology_?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15588" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_History">Social History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15588" type="text/json">{"id":15588,"name":"Social History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_History?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15807" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_Epigraphy">Latin Epigraphy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15807" type="text/json">{"id":15807,"name":"Latin Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_Epigraphy?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="18139" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Graffiti_in_history">Graffiti in history</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="18139" type="text/json">{"id":18139,"name":"Graffiti in history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Graffiti_in_history?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37525070]'), work: {"id":37525070,"title":"Fünf Graffiti auf römischen Gefäßen aus Speyer","created_at":"2018-10-03T13:31:01.946-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37525070/F%C3%BCnf_Graffiti_auf_r%C3%B6mischen_Gef%C3%A4%C3%9Fen_aus_Speyer?f_ri=21620","dom_id":"work_37525070","summary":"Graffiti aus römischer Zeit kommen auf Oberflächen aus Stein, Wandputz, Metall, Ton, Glas und Bein vor. Auf persönlichen Gegenständen fungieren sie häufig als Besitzerinschriften, wie im Fall eines Terra Sigillata-Tellers oder -Deckels, auf dessen Fragment ein gewisser Silvester als Besitzer genannt ist (Abb. links oben). Die kursiven, zum Teil gelängten Buchstabenformen sind Merkmale einer elaborierten Handschrift. Diese Schriftart, in der man auch in Wachs, auf Papyrus oder Pergament schrieb, wird als ältere römische Kursive bezeichnet.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57498270,"asset_id":37525070,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2776608,"first_name":"Polly","last_name":"Lohmann","domain_name":"uni-heidelberg","page_name":"PollyLohmann","display_name":"Polly Lohmann","profile_url":"https://uni-heidelberg.academia.edu/PollyLohmann?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2776608/968763/1212638/s65_polly.lohmann.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3292,"name":"Epigraphy (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epigraphy_Archaeology_?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":15588,"name":"Social History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_History?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":15807,"name":"Latin Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_Epigraphy?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":18139,"name":"Graffiti in history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Graffiti_in_history?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":21346,"name":"Graffiti","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Graffiti?f_ri=21620"},{"id":21578,"name":"Roman Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Epigraphy?f_ri=21620"},{"id":21620,"name":"Roman social history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history?f_ri=21620"},{"id":31375,"name":"Ancient Graffiti (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Graffiti_Archaeology_?f_ri=21620"},{"id":91218,"name":"Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epigraphy?f_ri=21620"},{"id":127638,"name":"History of graffiti and wall-writing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_graffiti_and_wall-writing?f_ri=21620"},{"id":164741,"name":"Ancient Graffiti","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Graffiti?f_ri=21620"},{"id":633966,"name":"Greek and Roman Social History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_and_Roman_Social_History?f_ri=21620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_28724313" data-work_id="28724313" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/28724313/Graffiti_als_Interaktionsform_PhD_thesis_LMU_M%C3%BCnchen_2016_English_summary">Graffiti als Interaktionsform (PhD thesis LMU München 2016). English summary</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Summary of my PhD dissertation, published in the De Gryuter series "Material Textkulturen" (december 2017), see above.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/28724313" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b7c8ffd2dbe31e0b4a2c66481d80509c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49149289,"asset_id":28724313,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49149289/download_file?st=MTczOTg1OTAwNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2776608" href="https://uni-heidelberg.academia.edu/PollyLohmann">Polly Lohmann</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2776608" type="text/json">{"id":2776608,"first_name":"Polly","last_name":"Lohmann","domain_name":"uni-heidelberg","page_name":"PollyLohmann","display_name":"Polly Lohmann","profile_url":"https://uni-heidelberg.academia.edu/PollyLohmann?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2776608/968763/1212638/s65_polly.lohmann.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_28724313 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="28724313"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 28724313, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_28724313", }); 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history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Graffiti_in_history?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":21620,"name":"Roman social history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":31375,"name":"Ancient Graffiti (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Graffiti_Archaeology_?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":50428,"name":"Ancient Roman Social History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Roman_Social_History?f_ri=21620"},{"id":79496,"name":"Pompeii and Herculaneum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pompeii_and_Herculaneum?f_ri=21620"},{"id":80598,"name":"Roman houses","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_houses?f_ri=21620"},{"id":127638,"name":"History of graffiti and wall-writing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_graffiti_and_wall-writing?f_ri=21620"},{"id":164741,"name":"Ancient Graffiti","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Graffiti?f_ri=21620"},{"id":238266,"name":"Pompeii, Roman Domestic Space","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pompeii_Roman_Domestic_Space?f_ri=21620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30688650" data-work_id="30688650" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30688650/Szeg%C3%A9nys%C3%A9g_%C3%A9s_szeg%C3%A9nygondoz%C3%A1s_R%C3%B3m%C3%A1ban_Poverty_and_poor_relief_in_Rome">Szegénység és szegénygondozás Rómában / Poverty and poor-relief in Rome</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a 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})();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36088883" data-work_id="36088883" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36088883/VERCINGETORIGE_E_LA_DISFATTA_DEI_GALLI">VERCINGETORIGE E LA DISFATTA DEI GALLI</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Il liber septimus del “De Bello Gallico” è occupato dalla narrazione della grande insurrezione dei Galli che fu guidata da Vercingetorige, re della tribù celtica degli Arverni nonché uno dei più grandi nemici di Roma. L’inizio delle... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_36088883" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Il liber septimus del “De Bello Gallico” è occupato dalla narrazione della grande insurrezione dei Galli che fu guidata da Vercingetorige, re della tribù celtica degli Arverni nonché uno dei più grandi nemici di Roma. <br />L’inizio delle vicende, che vedono protagonista Vercingetorige, si devono rintracciare nell’inverno del 53 a.C., in concomitanza con la fine della sesta campagna militare di Cesare in Gallia  (“Quieta Gallia Caesar ut consistuerat in Italiam ad conventus agendos proficiscitur”).</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36088883" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="beb2c201a5f51b86167b06978a53db0f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55978352,"asset_id":36088883,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55978352/download_file?st=MTczOTg1OTAwNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="17725344" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ChBartolucci">Chiara Bartolucci</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="17725344" type="text/json">{"id":17725344,"first_name":"Chiara","last_name":"Bartolucci","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ChBartolucci","display_name":"Chiara Bartolucci","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ChBartolucci?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/17725344/4950558/19649261/s65_chiara.bartolucci.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36088883 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36088883"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36088883, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36088883", }); 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Ein Beitrag zur Sozialgeschichte des Kindes</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30637741" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="27c4c9ff0046960a123db0283281432a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51081400,"asset_id":30637741,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51081400/download_file?st=MTczOTg1OTAwNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32757335" href="https://uni-graz.academia.edu/WernerPetermandl">Werner Petermandl</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32757335" type="text/json">{"id":32757335,"first_name":"Werner","last_name":"Petermandl","domain_name":"uni-graz","page_name":"WernerPetermandl","display_name":"Werner Petermandl","profile_url":"https://uni-graz.academia.edu/WernerPetermandl?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/32757335/9821116/152997892/s65_werner.petermandl.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30637741 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30637741"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30637741, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30637741", }); 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Ein Beitrag zur Sozialgeschichte des Kindes","created_at":"2016-12-27T12:58:52.545-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/30637741/Kinderarbeit_im_Italien_der_Prinzipatszeit_Ein_Beitrag_zur_Sozialgeschichte_des_Kindes?f_ri=21620","dom_id":"work_30637741","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":51081400,"asset_id":30637741,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32757335,"first_name":"Werner","last_name":"Petermandl","domain_name":"uni-graz","page_name":"WernerPetermandl","display_name":"Werner Petermandl","profile_url":"https://uni-graz.academia.edu/WernerPetermandl?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/32757335/9821116/152997892/s65_werner.petermandl.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":21620,"name":"Roman social history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":492864,"name":"Classics and Ancient History: society, history and religion of the ancient Greeks","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classics_and_Ancient_History_society_history_and_religion_of_the_ancient_Greeks?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":633966,"name":"Greek and Roman Social History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_and_Roman_Social_History?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1164146" data-work_id="1164146" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1164146/Obitelj_u_ranorimskoj_Liburniji_The_Family_in_Early_Roman_Liburnia_">Obitelj u ranorimskoj Liburniji (The Family in Early-Roman Liburnia)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">HRV: U ovom radu autorica proučava vrstu i strukturu obitelji u ranorimskoj Liburniji. Osnovu istraživanja prije svega čine obrasci komemoracija na nadgrobnim spomenicima, pri čemu autorica koristi statističku metodu koju su razvili R. P.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_1164146" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">HRV: U ovom radu autorica proučava vrstu i strukturu obitelji u ranorimskoj Liburniji. Osnovu istraživanja prije svega čine obrasci komemoracija na nadgrobnim spomenicima, pri čemu autorica koristi statističku metodu koju su razvili R. P. Saller i B. D. Shaw (SALLER - SHAW, 1984., 125 i d.). Osim toga autorica se koristi i rezultatima arheoloških istraživanja i skromnim vijestima antičkih pisaca.<br />Novim pristupom postojećoj građi autorica nastoji preispitati dosadašnje teorije o liburnskom društvu općenito i o ustroju njihove obitelji. Rezultati do kojih je došla pokazuju da je ideja o postojanju "velike obitelji" kod Liburna neutemeljena. Potpuno suprotno, kod gotovo svih kategorija pučanstva Liburnije dominirao je jezgreni tip obitelji. Izuzetak čini tek vojna populacija kod koje dominira kategorija komemoratora - testamentarnih nasljednika (heredes). <br />Specifičnost liburnskog društva ogleda se u relativno visokom postotku žena-komemoratora. Autorica to interpretira kao odraz izjednačenosti žena i muškaraca u liburnskom društvu, a ne kao dokaz ženinog povlaštenog društvenog položaja. <br />Rezultati arheoloških istraživanja, poglavito nastambi i nekropola, potvrđuju ove zaključke. Osim toga, oni ukazuju na postojanje jezgrene obitelji kod Liburna i prije uspostave rimske vlasti.<br /><br />ENG: THE FAMILY IN EARLY-ROMAN LIBURNIA<br />Summary<br />In this paper the author aimed to find out what family type existed in Liburnia during the Principate period. In doing so, the author mainly dealt with tombstones, or rather with the pattern of personal relationships there attested, since the ancient writers gave little or no information at all upon the Liburnian family structure. The results of this analysis are similar to the ones based on the evidence of archaeological excavations (houses and graves in the first place). <br />Nuclear family relations dominated in the greatest part of Liburnian population: they make 89% of all relations on tombstones of the civilian population (beneath the decurio rank, Tab. 1), 75% on tombstones of the civilian population above the decurio rank (Tab. 2), and 71% on tombstones of the meagre sample of servile population (Tab. 4). Nuclear family dominated both in native or settled population. Relations between members of extended family and between members of affinitas (in-laws) are rare, so they can't justify hypothesis on existence of the extended family type in the native Liburnian population in the pre-Roman period; slightly higher percentages of those relations in the civilian population above the decurio rank should rather be interpreted as a sign of status endogamy practice than as a proof for the domination of the extended family type. Also, in the Liburnian civilian population the same rate of men and women as commemorators has been noticed; the frequency of women-commemorators in Liburnia outnumbers almost all the other examined samples in Western part of Roman Empire. It is possible, then, to conclude that in Liburnian society women were equal to men - not only in funeral practice, but also in some other fields of economic and social life.<br />The family relations on tombstones of military population make only 41% of all commemorations (Tab. 3). This pattern of commemoration has already been noticed in other military populations of Roman Empire and it was connected with the pattern of recruitment in which soldiers were posted far from their native places. The greatest part of soldiers came to Liburnia from other parts of Roman Empire; separated from their kinfolk, they turned either to a heir (50% of all relations) or a co-soldier to take care about funeral and commemoration.<br />Archaeological excavations of settlements and cemeteries in Liburnia (both more often on pre-Roman sites) mostly unearthed houses of modest dimensions (average of 40-45 m2) and individual burials in pseudo-Hellenistic family (?) tombs. Such results point out that the nuclear family was the most common form of family organisation in the pre-Roman Liburnia, as well as in Roman Liburnia.<br />Recent researches on family in Roman society have shown that its commonest family form was not extended, but nuclear family. Establishment of Roman government in Liburnia didn't cause any radical changes in this field of social life; instead it is possible to follow the continuity of the nuclear family form, at least from Liburnian late pre-Roman period.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1164146" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b6ea66ceb99be71a4ab9ab592fc14b25" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":11631225,"asset_id":1164146,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/11631225/download_file?st=MTczOTg1OTAwNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1055232" href="https://unizd.academia.edu/AnamarijaKurilic">Anamarija Kurilic</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1055232" type="text/json">{"id":1055232,"first_name":"Anamarija","last_name":"Kurilic","domain_name":"unizd","page_name":"AnamarijaKurilic","display_name":"Anamarija Kurilic","profile_url":"https://unizd.academia.edu/AnamarijaKurilic?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1055232/3067124/3607185/s65_anamarija.kurilic.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1164146 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1164146"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1164146, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1164146", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1164146]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_1164146").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_1164146").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1164146"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4134" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Law">Roman Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4134" type="text/json">{"id":4134,"name":"Roman Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Law?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21620" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history">Roman social history</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21620" type="text/json">{"id":21620,"name":"Roman social history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73546" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_family">Roman family</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="73546" type="text/json">{"id":73546,"name":"Roman family","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_family?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="338714" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Dalmatia">Roman Dalmatia</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="338714" type="text/json">{"id":338714,"name":"Roman Dalmatia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Dalmatia?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=1164146]'), work: {"id":1164146,"title":"Obitelj u ranorimskoj Liburniji (The Family in Early-Roman Liburnia)","created_at":"2011-12-18T00:17:52.861-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/1164146/Obitelj_u_ranorimskoj_Liburniji_The_Family_in_Early_Roman_Liburnia_?f_ri=21620","dom_id":"work_1164146","summary":"HRV: U ovom radu autorica proučava vrstu i strukturu obitelji u ranorimskoj Liburniji. Osnovu istraživanja prije svega čine obrasci komemoracija na nadgrobnim spomenicima, pri čemu autorica koristi statističku metodu koju su razvili R. P. Saller i B. D. Shaw (SALLER - SHAW, 1984., 125 i d.). Osim toga autorica se koristi i rezultatima arheoloških istraživanja i skromnim vijestima antičkih pisaca.\nNovim pristupom postojećoj građi autorica nastoji preispitati dosadašnje teorije o liburnskom društvu općenito i o ustroju njihove obitelji. Rezultati do kojih je došla pokazuju da je ideja o postojanju \"velike obitelji\" kod Liburna neutemeljena. Potpuno suprotno, kod gotovo svih kategorija pučanstva Liburnije dominirao je jezgreni tip obitelji. Izuzetak čini tek vojna populacija kod koje dominira kategorija komemoratora - testamentarnih nasljednika (heredes). \nSpecifičnost liburnskog društva ogleda se u relativno visokom postotku žena-komemoratora. Autorica to interpretira kao odraz izjednačenosti žena i muškaraca u liburnskom društvu, a ne kao dokaz ženinog povlaštenog društvenog položaja. \nRezultati arheoloških istraživanja, poglavito nastambi i nekropola, potvrđuju ove zaključke. Osim toga, oni ukazuju na postojanje jezgrene obitelji kod Liburna i prije uspostave rimske vlasti.\n\nENG: THE FAMILY IN EARLY-ROMAN LIBURNIA\nSummary\nIn this paper the author aimed to find out what family type existed in Liburnia during the Principate period. In doing so, the author mainly dealt with tombstones, or rather with the pattern of personal relationships there attested, since the ancient writers gave little or no information at all upon the Liburnian family structure. The results of this analysis are similar to the ones based on the evidence of archaeological excavations (houses and graves in the first place). \nNuclear family relations dominated in the greatest part of Liburnian population: they make 89% of all relations on tombstones of the civilian population (beneath the decurio rank, Tab. 1), 75% on tombstones of the civilian population above the decurio rank (Tab. 2), and 71% on tombstones of the meagre sample of servile population (Tab. 4). Nuclear family dominated both in native or settled population. Relations between members of extended family and between members of affinitas (in-laws) are rare, so they can't justify hypothesis on existence of the extended family type in the native Liburnian population in the pre-Roman period; slightly higher percentages of those relations in the civilian population above the decurio rank should rather be interpreted as a sign of status endogamy practice than as a proof for the domination of the extended family type. Also, in the Liburnian civilian population the same rate of men and women as commemorators has been noticed; the frequency of women-commemorators in Liburnia outnumbers almost all the other examined samples in Western part of Roman Empire. It is possible, then, to conclude that in Liburnian society women were equal to men - not only in funeral practice, but also in some other fields of economic and social life.\nThe family relations on tombstones of military population make only 41% of all commemorations (Tab. 3). This pattern of commemoration has already been noticed in other military populations of Roman Empire and it was connected with the pattern of recruitment in which soldiers were posted far from their native places. The greatest part of soldiers came to Liburnia from other parts of Roman Empire; separated from their kinfolk, they turned either to a heir (50% of all relations) or a co-soldier to take care about funeral and commemoration.\nArchaeological excavations of settlements and cemeteries in Liburnia (both more often on pre-Roman sites) mostly unearthed houses of modest dimensions (average of 40-45 m2) and individual burials in pseudo-Hellenistic family (?) tombs. Such results point out that the nuclear family was the most common form of family organisation in the pre-Roman Liburnia, as well as in Roman Liburnia.\nRecent researches on family in Roman society have shown that its commonest family form was not extended, but nuclear family. Establishment of Roman government in Liburnia didn't cause any radical changes in this field of social life; instead it is possible to follow the continuity of the nuclear family form, at least from Liburnian late pre-Roman period.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":11631225,"asset_id":1164146,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1055232,"first_name":"Anamarija","last_name":"Kurilic","domain_name":"unizd","page_name":"AnamarijaKurilic","display_name":"Anamarija Kurilic","profile_url":"https://unizd.academia.edu/AnamarijaKurilic?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1055232/3067124/3607185/s65_anamarija.kurilic.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4134,"name":"Roman Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Law?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":21620,"name":"Roman social history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":73546,"name":"Roman family","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_family?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":338714,"name":"Roman Dalmatia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Dalmatia?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":338715,"name":"Roman Liburnia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Liburnia?f_ri=21620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_42969258" data-work_id="42969258" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/42969258/Children_and_Accidents_in_the_Roman_Empire_in_Ancient_Society_34_2004_p_153_170">Children and Accidents in the Roman Empire, in Ancient Society 34 (2004) p. 153-170.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/42969258" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9f4bd7471e7853bb397da7d030a11027" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63226995,"asset_id":42969258,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63226995/download_file?st=MTczOTg1OTAwNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2275553" href="https://manchester.academia.edu/ChristianLaes">Christian Laes</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2275553" type="text/json">{"id":2275553,"first_name":"Christian","last_name":"Laes","domain_name":"manchester","page_name":"ChristianLaes","display_name":"Christian Laes","profile_url":"https://manchester.academia.edu/ChristianLaes?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2275553/723748/898753/s65_christian.laes.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_42969258 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="42969258"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 42969258, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_42969258", }); 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Римское частное право : учебник для академического бакалавриата. - М.: Издательство Юрайт, 2017. - 422 с. 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Eine historisch-soziologische Untersuchung auf der Grundlage literarischer Quellen, in Revue internationale des droits de l’antiquité 55 (2008), pp. 241-266 [ISSN 0556-7939].</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">È opinione comune, presso gli studiosi moderni, che i giudici privati del processo civile romano (giudici monocratici o recuperatores) appartenessero alle classi sociali più elevate e più colte e che mantenessero, nel ricoprire il loro... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_12100806" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">È opinione comune, presso gli studiosi moderni, che i giudici privati del processo civile romano (giudici monocratici o recuperatores) appartenessero alle classi sociali più elevate e più colte e che mantenessero, nel ricoprire il loro incarico, un atteggiamento di grande dignità. Questo dato appare in effetti confermato se si considerano tutti i giudici privati, dei quali le testimonianze antiche hanno tramandato l’identità. Ci sono tuttavia significative fonti letterarie, che presentano indizi dai quali è lecito sospettare, di fatto, l’esistenza di una seconda ‘categoria’ di giudici privati, costituita da persone di bassa estrazione sociale, che mantenevano spesso, nell'esercizio della funzione, comportamenti tutt’altro che incensurabili. I giudici di questo secondo gruppo erano, nella maggior parte dei casi, probabilmente quelli scelti al di fuori dell’album iudicum. Dall’indagine è risultato anche che, sebbene le due categorie di giudici fossero per molti aspetti differenziate tra loro, esse erano tuttavia assimilate per un importante carattere comune: l’imperitia iuris dei giudicanti, che si trova a più riprese lamentata dalle fonti antiche.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12100806" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="bf91473480d1f19c84f26ffa7a9a555b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37417610,"asset_id":12100806,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37417610/download_file?st=MTczOTg1OTAwOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="257899" href="https://unimi.academia.edu/LorenzoGagliardi">Lorenzo Gagliardi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="257899" type="text/json">{"id":257899,"first_name":"Lorenzo","last_name":"Gagliardi","domain_name":"unimi","page_name":"LorenzoGagliardi","display_name":"Lorenzo Gagliardi","profile_url":"https://unimi.academia.edu/LorenzoGagliardi?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/257899/440659/547389/s65_lorenzo.gagliardi.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12100806 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12100806"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12100806, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12100806", }); 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Ci sono tuttavia significative fonti letterarie, che presentano indizi dai quali è lecito sospettare, di fatto, l’esistenza di una seconda ‘categoria’ di giudici privati, costituita da persone di bassa estrazione sociale, che mantenevano spesso, nell'esercizio della funzione, comportamenti tutt’altro che incensurabili. I giudici di questo secondo gruppo erano, nella maggior parte dei casi, probabilmente quelli scelti al di fuori dell’album iudicum. Dall’indagine è risultato anche che, sebbene le due categorie di giudici fossero per molti aspetti differenziate tra loro, esse erano tuttavia assimilate per un importante carattere comune: l’imperitia iuris dei giudicanti, che si trova a più riprese lamentata dalle fonti antiche.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37417610,"asset_id":12100806,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":257899,"first_name":"Lorenzo","last_name":"Gagliardi","domain_name":"unimi","page_name":"LorenzoGagliardi","display_name":"Lorenzo Gagliardi","profile_url":"https://unimi.academia.edu/LorenzoGagliardi?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/257899/440659/547389/s65_lorenzo.gagliardi.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":130,"name":"Ancient 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u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_202543 coauthored" data-work_id="202543" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/202543/Free_At_Last_The_Impact_of_Freed_Slaves_on_the_Roman_Empire_edited_by_Sinclair_Bell_and_Teresa_Ramsby_London_Bloomsbury_2012">Free At Last! The Impact of Freed Slaves on the Roman Empire, edited by Sinclair Bell and Teresa Ramsby. London: Bloomsbury, 2012.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Reviews: Hermathena 191 (2011 [2014]) 130–33 [U. Roth]; European Review of History 21.1 (2014) 114–16 [T. Sandon]; Sehepunkte 14.2 (2014) [A. Lepke]; Greece & Rome 60.1 (2013) 175 [B. Levick]; Journal of Roman Archaeology 26 (2013)... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_202543" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Reviews: <br />Hermathena 191 (2011 [2014]) 130–33 [U. Roth]; European Review of History 21.1 (2014) 114–16 [T. Sandon]; Sehepunkte 14.2 (2014) [A. Lepke]; Greece & Rome 60.1 (2013) 175 [B. Levick]; Journal of Roman Archaeology 26 (2013) 662–72 [M. Laird]; Journal of Roman Studies 103 (2013) 287 [T. Urbainczyk]; Revista de história 168 (2013) 452–57 [F.D. Joly]; Bryn Mawr Classical Review 2012.10.43 [J.C. Dumont]; Classical Journal 108 (2012/13) 239–46 [E. Meyer]; The Historian 76.3 (2014) 621–22 [J. Carlsen].</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/202543" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="747b500c6de220ee69b719ac06fa7ff8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46720384,"asset_id":202543,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46720384/download_file?st=MTczOTg1OTAwOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="89861" href="https://niu.academia.edu/SinclairBell">Sinclair W Bell</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="89861" type="text/json">{"id":89861,"first_name":"Sinclair","last_name":"Bell","domain_name":"niu","page_name":"SinclairBell","display_name":"Sinclair W Bell","profile_url":"https://niu.academia.edu/SinclairBell?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/89861/164888/33048674/s65_sinclair.bell.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-202543">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-202543"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://umass.academia.edu/TeresaRamsby">Teresa Ramsby</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-202543'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-202543').html(); 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Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology?f_ri=21620"},{"id":757568,"name":"Freedmen of Imperial Rome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Freedmen_of_Imperial_Rome?f_ri=21620"},{"id":1000299,"name":"Freed Slaves","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Freed_Slaves?f_ri=21620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_33155984" data-work_id="33155984" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/33155984/Writing_the_History_of_Fatness_and_Thinness_in_Graeco_Roman_Antiquity_in_Medicina_nei_Secoli_28_2_2016_p_583_658">Writing the History of Fatness and Thinness in Graeco-Roman Antiquity, in Medicina nei Secoli 28, 2 (2016) p. 583-658</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">SUMMARY WRITING THE HISTORY OF FATNESS AND THINNESS IN GRAECO-ROMAN ANTIQUITY Fatness and thinness has been a much underexploited topic in the study of classical Antiquity. After carefully analyzing the Greek and Roman vocabulary to... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_33155984" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">SUMMARY WRITING THE HISTORY OF FATNESS AND THINNESS IN GRAECO-ROMAN ANTIQUITY Fatness and thinness has been a much underexploited topic in the study of classical Antiquity. After carefully analyzing the Greek and Roman vocabulary to denote the matter, I catalogue information on concrete instances of persons who were considered to have suffered from overweight, or emaciation. On a second level, I deal with popular mentality regarding overweight or thinness. Thirdly, medical and/or philosophical theory regarding weight problems are studied. In this, the moral discourse linking obesity with gluttony or weakness and avarice with underweight will be studied. I will also ask whether changed Christian attitudes towards the body and bodily functions lead to new concepts regarding the matter. For these different levels of questions, I take into account concepts of disability history, asking whether the obviously impairing factors of excess weight or the opposite of it lead to social disfunctionality, hindering people from important social functions and subjecting them to social stigma.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/33155984" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="791009c61210b72518dfd3d5d10c3375" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53243780,"asset_id":33155984,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53243780/download_file?st=MTczOTg1OTAwOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2275553" href="https://manchester.academia.edu/ChristianLaes">Christian Laes</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2275553" type="text/json">{"id":2275553,"first_name":"Christian","last_name":"Laes","domain_name":"manchester","page_name":"ChristianLaes","display_name":"Christian Laes","profile_url":"https://manchester.academia.edu/ChristianLaes?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2275553/723748/898753/s65_christian.laes.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_33155984 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="33155984"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 33155984, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_33155984", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_33155984 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33155984; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_33155984"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_33155984 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33155984"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33155984; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33155984]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_33155984").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_33155984").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="33155984"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6463" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Sexuality">History of Sexuality</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6463" type="text/json">{"id":6463,"name":"History of Sexuality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Sexuality?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7336" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disability_History">Disability History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7336" type="text/json">{"id":7336,"name":"Disability History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disability_History?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11076" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antiquity">Late Antiquity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11076" type="text/json">{"id":11076,"name":"Late Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antiquity?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21620" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history">Roman social history</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="21620" type="text/json">{"id":21620,"name":"Roman social history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=33155984]'), work: {"id":33155984,"title":"Writing the History of Fatness and Thinness in Graeco-Roman Antiquity, in Medicina nei Secoli 28, 2 (2016) p. 583-658","created_at":"2017-05-23T02:40:47.428-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/33155984/Writing_the_History_of_Fatness_and_Thinness_in_Graeco_Roman_Antiquity_in_Medicina_nei_Secoli_28_2_2016_p_583_658?f_ri=21620","dom_id":"work_33155984","summary":"SUMMARY WRITING THE HISTORY OF FATNESS AND THINNESS IN GRAECO-ROMAN ANTIQUITY Fatness and thinness has been a much underexploited topic in the study of classical Antiquity. After carefully analyzing the Greek and Roman vocabulary to denote the matter, I catalogue information on concrete instances of persons who were considered to have suffered from overweight, or emaciation. On a second level, I deal with popular mentality regarding overweight or thinness. Thirdly, medical and/or philosophical theory regarding weight problems are studied. In this, the moral discourse linking obesity with gluttony or weakness and avarice with underweight will be studied. I will also ask whether changed Christian attitudes towards the body and bodily functions lead to new concepts regarding the matter. For these different levels of questions, I take into account concepts of disability history, asking whether the obviously impairing factors of excess weight or the opposite of it lead to social disfunctionality, hindering people from important social functions and subjecting them to social stigma.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53243780,"asset_id":33155984,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2275553,"first_name":"Christian","last_name":"Laes","domain_name":"manchester","page_name":"ChristianLaes","display_name":"Christian Laes","profile_url":"https://manchester.academia.edu/ChristianLaes?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2275553/723748/898753/s65_christian.laes.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":6463,"name":"History of Sexuality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Sexuality?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":7336,"name":"Disability History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disability_History?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":11076,"name":"Late Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antiquity?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":21620,"name":"Roman social history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":21621,"name":"Roman Life course","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Life_course?f_ri=21620"},{"id":25173,"name":"History of Disability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Disability?f_ri=21620"},{"id":633966,"name":"Greek and Roman Social History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_and_Roman_Social_History?f_ri=21620"},{"id":1032025,"name":"Fatness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatness?f_ri=21620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_64488195" data-work_id="64488195" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/64488195/Dioses_y_hombres_en_el_gobierno_de_la_Rep%C3%BAblica_romana_versi%C3%B3n_open_access_">Dioses y hombres en el gobierno de la República romana (versión open access)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This article takes its cue from the assumption that responsibility for ruling Rome fell jointly on the public authorities, physically represented by magistrates and senators, as well on the gods that the Republic regarded as its... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_64488195" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This article takes its cue from the assumption that responsibility for ruling Rome fell jointly on the public authorities, physically represented by magistrates and senators, as well on the gods that the Republic regarded as its "guardian" deities. In this inquiry, I have tried to justify such assumption by documenting and exploring the grounds and principles underlying such cooperation between gods and men, as well as the institutional, political and social implications of having gods involved in the government's responsibilities. The limits of this inquiry strictly lie in the understanding of the scope of the relationship between gods and men, which is the ultimate purpose of this paper, and any extensive discussion and digression is contingent on such main goal.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/64488195" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="93a4538432751676b13021714c7cc8d2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":76501257,"asset_id":64488195,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/76501257/download_file?st=MTczOTg1OTAwOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="8581933" href="https://ull.academia.edu/Jos%C3%A9ADelgadoDelgado">José A. Delgado Delgado</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="8581933" type="text/json">{"id":8581933,"first_name":"José A.","last_name":"Delgado Delgado","domain_name":"ull","page_name":"JoséADelgadoDelgado","display_name":"José A. Delgado Delgado","profile_url":"https://ull.academia.edu/Jos%C3%A9ADelgadoDelgado?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8581933/83272312/71889391/s65_jos_a..delgado_delgado.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_64488195 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="64488195"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 64488195, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_64488195", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_64488195 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 64488195; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_64488195"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_64488195 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="64488195"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 64488195; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=64488195]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_64488195").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_64488195").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="64488195"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="829" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History">Roman History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="829" type="text/json">{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2059" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Religion">History of Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2059" type="text/json">{"id":2059,"name":"History of Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Religion?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5327" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Religion">Roman Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5327" type="text/json">{"id":5327,"name":"Roman Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Religion?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8531" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Republic">Roman Republic</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="8531" type="text/json">{"id":8531,"name":"Roman Republic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Republic?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=64488195]'), work: {"id":64488195,"title":"Dioses y hombres en el gobierno de la República romana (versión open access)","created_at":"2021-12-16T03:02:03.682-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/64488195/Dioses_y_hombres_en_el_gobierno_de_la_Rep%C3%BAblica_romana_versi%C3%B3n_open_access_?f_ri=21620","dom_id":"work_64488195","summary":"This article takes its cue from the assumption that responsibility for ruling Rome fell jointly on the public authorities, physically represented by magistrates and senators, as well on the gods that the Republic regarded as its \"guardian\" deities. In this inquiry, I have tried to justify such assumption by documenting and exploring the grounds and principles underlying such cooperation between gods and men, as well as the institutional, political and social implications of having gods involved in the government's responsibilities. The limits of this inquiry strictly lie in the understanding of the scope of the relationship between gods and men, which is the ultimate purpose of this paper, and any extensive discussion and digression is contingent on such main goal.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":76501257,"asset_id":64488195,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":8581933,"first_name":"José A.","last_name":"Delgado Delgado","domain_name":"ull","page_name":"JoséADelgadoDelgado","display_name":"José A. Delgado Delgado","profile_url":"https://ull.academia.edu/Jos%C3%A9ADelgadoDelgado?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8581933/83272312/71889391/s65_jos_a..delgado_delgado.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":2059,"name":"History of Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Religion?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":5327,"name":"Roman Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Religion?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":8531,"name":"Roman Republic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Republic?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":21620,"name":"Roman social history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history?f_ri=21620"},{"id":21656,"name":"Roman political culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_political_culture?f_ri=21620"},{"id":51437,"name":"Magic and Divination in the Ancient World","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magic_and_Divination_in_the_Ancient_World?f_ri=21620"},{"id":110690,"name":"Polytheism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polytheism?f_ri=21620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_65566287" data-work_id="65566287" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/65566287/The_Barbarian_other_Roman_collective_identity_versus_Maximinus_Thrax">The 'Barbarian' other: Roman collective identity versus Maximinus Thrax</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In A.D. 235, whilst campaigning in Germany, the emperor Severus Alexander was assassinated and replaced by the first of the so-called 'Barracks Emperors', Gaius Julius Verus Maximinus Thrax. Maximinus was perhaps the most exceptional... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_65566287" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In A.D. 235, whilst campaigning in Germany, the emperor Severus Alexander was assassinated and replaced by the first of the so-called 'Barracks Emperors', Gaius Julius Verus Maximinus Thrax. Maximinus was perhaps the most exceptional soldier of his time, a celebrity among the troops for his enormous stature, physical prowess, and illustrious military career. Although initial reaction in Rome to the coup was muted, resistance to the new regime quickly solidified, and protests and violence accelerated during Maximinus' three year tenure. This article will focus on why this happened, and how ethnic stereotyping was used to frame the new emperor as the transgressive Other, that is, a 'barbarian' deemed to have no pre-set obligations to the city or its cultural institutions. Such stereotyping combined with the emperor's breach of social and sacred boundaries justified and legitimised escalating performances of popular justice, which in turn contributed to the revolutionary situation of A.D. 238, when soldiers, civilians, and elites made bold, collective claims against the imperial regime and each other.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/65566287" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="10858436" href="https://canterbury-nz.academia.edu/AmandaMacauley">Amanda Macauley</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="10858436" type="text/json">{"id":10858436,"first_name":"Amanda","last_name":"Macauley","domain_name":"canterbury-nz","page_name":"AmandaMacauley","display_name":"Amanda Macauley","profile_url":"https://canterbury-nz.academia.edu/AmandaMacauley?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10858436/3810371/4459394/s65_amanda.macauley.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_65566287 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="65566287"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 65566287, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_65566287", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_65566287 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 65566287; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_65566287"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_65566287 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="65566287"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 65566287; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=65566287]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_65566287").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_65566287").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="65566287"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="829" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History">Roman History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="829" type="text/json">{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2193" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Practices">Spatial Practices</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2193" type="text/json">{"id":2193,"name":"Spatial Practices","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Practices?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21620" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history">Roman social history</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21620" type="text/json">{"id":21620,"name":"Roman social history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23555" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Empire">Roman Empire</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="23555" type="text/json">{"id":23555,"name":"Roman Empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Empire?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=65566287]'), work: {"id":65566287,"title":"The 'Barbarian' other: Roman collective identity versus Maximinus Thrax","created_at":"2021-12-22T13:52:00.808-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/65566287/The_Barbarian_other_Roman_collective_identity_versus_Maximinus_Thrax?f_ri=21620","dom_id":"work_65566287","summary":"In A.D. 235, whilst campaigning in Germany, the emperor Severus Alexander was assassinated and replaced by the first of the so-called 'Barracks Emperors', Gaius Julius Verus Maximinus Thrax. Maximinus was perhaps the most exceptional soldier of his time, a celebrity among the troops for his enormous stature, physical prowess, and illustrious military career. Although initial reaction in Rome to the coup was muted, resistance to the new regime quickly solidified, and protests and violence accelerated during Maximinus' three year tenure. This article will focus on why this happened, and how ethnic stereotyping was used to frame the new emperor as the transgressive Other, that is, a 'barbarian' deemed to have no pre-set obligations to the city or its cultural institutions. Such stereotyping combined with the emperor's breach of social and sacred boundaries justified and legitimised escalating performances of popular justice, which in turn contributed to the revolutionary situation of A.D. 238, when soldiers, civilians, and elites made bold, collective claims against the imperial regime and each other.","downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":10858436,"first_name":"Amanda","last_name":"Macauley","domain_name":"canterbury-nz","page_name":"AmandaMacauley","display_name":"Amanda Macauley","profile_url":"https://canterbury-nz.academia.edu/AmandaMacauley?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10858436/3810371/4459394/s65_amanda.macauley.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":2193,"name":"Spatial Practices","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Practices?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":21620,"name":"Roman social history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":23555,"name":"Roman Empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Empire?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":70659,"name":"Contentious Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contentious_Politics?f_ri=21620"},{"id":677891,"name":"Maximinus Thrax","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maximinus_Thrax?f_ri=21620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10872443" data-work_id="10872443" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10872443/Recruitment_and_Training_of_Roman_estate_managers_in_a_comparative_perspective">Recruitment and Training of Roman estate managers in a comparative perspective</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10872443" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3d65adf97c50f663c03844f88976e3d7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36670463,"asset_id":10872443,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36670463/download_file?st=MTczOTg1OTAwOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="25993404" href="https://southerndenmark.academia.edu/JCarlsen">Jesper Carlsen</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="25993404" type="text/json">{"id":25993404,"first_name":"Jesper","last_name":"Carlsen","domain_name":"southerndenmark","page_name":"JCarlsen","display_name":"Jesper Carlsen","profile_url":"https://southerndenmark.academia.edu/JCarlsen?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/25993404/7293843/8205416/s65_jesper.carlsen.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10872443 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10872443"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10872443, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10872443", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_10872443 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 10872443; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_10872443"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_10872443 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="10872443"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 10872443; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=10872443]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_10872443").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_10872443").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="10872443"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21620" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history">Roman social history</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21620" type="text/json">{"id":21620,"name":"Roman social history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23640" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Economy">Roman Economy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23640" type="text/json">{"id":23640,"name":"Roman Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Economy?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="50428" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Roman_Social_History">Ancient Roman Social History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="50428" type="text/json">{"id":50428,"name":"Ancient Roman Social History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Roman_Social_History?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="63474" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_agriculture">Roman agriculture</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="63474" type="text/json">{"id":63474,"name":"Roman agriculture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_agriculture?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=10872443]'), work: {"id":10872443,"title":"Recruitment and Training of Roman estate managers in a comparative perspective","created_at":"2015-02-17T09:33:27.552-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/10872443/Recruitment_and_Training_of_Roman_estate_managers_in_a_comparative_perspective?f_ri=21620","dom_id":"work_10872443","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36670463,"asset_id":10872443,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":25993404,"first_name":"Jesper","last_name":"Carlsen","domain_name":"southerndenmark","page_name":"JCarlsen","display_name":"Jesper Carlsen","profile_url":"https://southerndenmark.academia.edu/JCarlsen?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/25993404/7293843/8205416/s65_jesper.carlsen.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":21620,"name":"Roman social history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":23640,"name":"Roman Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Economy?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":50428,"name":"Ancient Roman Social History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Roman_Social_History?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":63474,"name":"Roman agriculture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_agriculture?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":355365,"name":"Roman Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Slavery?f_ri=21620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34528288" data-work_id="34528288" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34528288/Il_rilievo_della_documentazione_epigrafica_per_la_storia_del_lavoro_nel_mondo_antico_presentazione_">Il rilievo della documentazione epigrafica per la storia del lavoro nel mondo antico (presentazione)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Le diapositive con le quali ho accompagnato la lezione che ho tenuto al Deuxième Atelier de formation en épigraphie romaine: Épigraphie, économie et commerce dans le monde romaine, che si è svolto a Montpellier, dal 4 all'8 septembre</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34528288" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0067d7b163257308b3dea107e5dd6efc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54393535,"asset_id":34528288,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54393535/download_file?st=MTczOTg1OTAwOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="656997" href="https://unibo.academia.edu/AlessandroCristofori">Alessandro Cristofori</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="656997" type="text/json">{"id":656997,"first_name":"Alessandro","last_name":"Cristofori","domain_name":"unibo","page_name":"AlessandroCristofori","display_name":"Alessandro Cristofori","profile_url":"https://unibo.academia.edu/AlessandroCristofori?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/656997/228195/266978/s65_alessandro.cristofori.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34528288 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34528288"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34528288, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34528288", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_34528288 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34528288; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_34528288"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_34528288 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34528288"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34528288; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34528288]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_34528288").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_34528288").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34528288"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7257" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_Epigraphy">Greek Epigraphy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7257" type="text/json">{"id":7257,"name":"Greek Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_Epigraphy?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15807" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_Epigraphy">Latin Epigraphy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15807" type="text/json">{"id":15807,"name":"Latin Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_Epigraphy?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21578" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Epigraphy">Roman Epigraphy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21578" type="text/json">{"id":21578,"name":"Roman Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Epigraphy?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21620" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history">Roman social history</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="21620" type="text/json">{"id":21620,"name":"Roman social history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=34528288]'), work: {"id":34528288,"title":"Il rilievo della documentazione epigrafica per la storia del lavoro nel mondo antico (presentazione)","created_at":"2017-09-10T10:40:48.801-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/34528288/Il_rilievo_della_documentazione_epigrafica_per_la_storia_del_lavoro_nel_mondo_antico_presentazione_?f_ri=21620","dom_id":"work_34528288","summary":"Le diapositive con le quali ho accompagnato la lezione che ho tenuto al Deuxième Atelier de formation en épigraphie romaine: Épigraphie, économie et commerce dans le monde romaine, che si è svolto a Montpellier, dal 4 all'8 septembre\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54393535,"asset_id":34528288,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":656997,"first_name":"Alessandro","last_name":"Cristofori","domain_name":"unibo","page_name":"AlessandroCristofori","display_name":"Alessandro Cristofori","profile_url":"https://unibo.academia.edu/AlessandroCristofori?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/656997/228195/266978/s65_alessandro.cristofori.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":7257,"name":"Greek Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_Epigraphy?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":15807,"name":"Latin Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_Epigraphy?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":21578,"name":"Roman Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Epigraphy?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":21620,"name":"Roman social history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":23640,"name":"Roman Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Economy?f_ri=21620"},{"id":50059,"name":"Roman social and economic history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_and_economic_history?f_ri=21620"},{"id":119015,"name":"Roman Economic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Economic_History?f_ri=21620"},{"id":389022,"name":"Roman Society","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Society?f_ri=21620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_3465721" data-work_id="3465721" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3465721/Susan_M_Treggiari_Consent_to_Roman_Marriage_Some_Aspects_of_Law_and_Reality_">Susan M. Treggiari, "Consent to Roman Marriage: Some Aspects of Law and Reality"</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Echo s du Monde Classique/Cla ssica Z Vie ws i s publ is hed at th e Uni v ersi ty of Cal gary for th e Cl as s i c al As s o c iati on of Canad a . Members of t he As soc iation rec eive both Classic al Views a n d Phoenix . Memb e r s o... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_3465721" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Echo s du Monde Classique/Cla ssica Z Vie ws i s publ is hed at th e Uni v ersi ty of Cal gary for th e Cl as s i c al As s o c iati on of Canad a . Members of t he As soc iation rec eive both Classic al Views a n d Phoenix . Memb e r s o f th e Ont ari o Classica l As sociatio n a nd t h e Cl a s sica l Ass oci ati on of th e Canad i a n Wes t al so rec eive th e j ournal with out f u r t h e r c h a rge. The journal p ubli sh e s th ree i s sue s per ye a r and is a vailabl e to those who ar e no t member s o f th e CAC a t t he r ate o f $9 .0 0 Can . /U .S . (i n divid ual) and $1 5 . 0 0 Ca n . / U. 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A Military Biography, Pen & Sword</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Caracalla. A Military Biography is now available as a hardcover, Kindle and e-book an from the website of its publisher Pen & Sword Publishing and from most of the major booksellers. It is not only the first published biography in... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34566595" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Caracalla. A Military Biography is now available as a hardcover, Kindle and e-book an from the website of its publisher Pen & Sword Publishing and from most of the major booksellers.  It is not only the first published biography in English of this remarkable individual, but also the first that reassess the evidence from the point of view of military history.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34566595" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5f41252fb8c679ed8b3d2c914782a2a0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54432086,"asset_id":34566595,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54432086/download_file?st=MTczOTg1OTAwOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4450461" href="https://independent.academia.edu/IlkkaSyv%C3%A4nne">Ilkka Syvänne</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4450461" type="text/json">{"id":4450461,"first_name":"Ilkka","last_name":"Syvänne","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IlkkaSyvänne","display_name":"Ilkka Syvänne","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/IlkkaSyv%C3%A4nne?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4450461/13583234/14812405/s65_ilkka.syv_nne.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34566595 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34566595"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34566595, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34566595", }); 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Elkins, Monuments in Miniature: Architecture on Roman Coinage. (Numismatic Studies 29). New York: American Numismatic Society, 2015.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Among the ancients, the regular representation of the built environment on coins was a purely Roman phenomenon. In the Greek world, architectural representation on coinage was very uncommon; when it did appear it referred directly in... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10540330" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Among the ancients, the regular representation of the built environment on coins was a purely Roman phenomenon.  In the Greek world, architectural representation on coinage was very uncommon; when it did appear it referred directly in some way to the local identity of the issuing state.  Coins of the Persian satrapies only rarely depicted fortifications in conjunction with traditional Persian emblems of royalty and power and temples of the chief deities in the minting city.  The Roman use of the iconography of building was fundamentally different.  From the first occurrence in 135 BC through the late Roman Empire, the architectural image on coins from Rome commemorated or politicized the monument in question.  By the mid-first century BC and into the Imperial period, architecture was commonplace in the repertoire of Roman coin iconography. <br /> <br />The subject of the representation of monuments is one of the most beloved (and belabored) topics in studies of Roman coin iconography.  It is also a theme in dire need of re-exploration.  Appealing to numismatists, archaeologists, topographers and art or architectural historians, architectural representations on Roman coins have been appreciated and studied primarily for the evidence they yield for the appearance or reconstruction of lost monuments. While numismatic representations may provide some evidence for the reconstruction or historical study of Roman monuments, there are a number of methodological problems.  This traditional and often uncritical approach to architectural representations has often treated the images as ‘snapshots’ or ‘blueprints’ of lost monuments, although creating wholly accurate representations of buildings – if the building even existed at the time that the coin was minted – was not the goal of the die engravers or the issuing authorities.  And less frequently have architectural representations been understood in the context of a moneyer’s or an emperor’s wider ideological or visual program as deployed on the coinage.  As a consequence, the actual phenomenon of architectural representation on Roman coinage has been inadequately studied in favor of more myopic considerations.  <br /> <br />Why was Rome the only ancient civilization that habitually depicted built monuments on its coinage?  Why did Greek urban centers with marble-clad monuments and politically charged building programs feature their great monuments on coins only after Roman domination?  What social and cultural developments prompted Roman moneyers in the late second and first centuries BC to depict buildings on coins for the first time?  What circumstances led to the decreasing frequency of architectural coin types in the third and fourth centuries AD until they ultimately disappeared from the Roman coinage in the fifth century?  And why were these late Roman depictions more symbolic in their lack of reference to specific constructions?  These are questions to be explored.  This book departs from the treatment of the images as sources for the appearance of ancient monuments and explores instead the historical, art historical, social, and cultural contexts of the iconography of building on Roman coins as it developed and evolved from its emergence in the late second century BC to its disappearance from the Roman coinage in the fifth century AD.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10540330" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5d412b2edacfa53d5bd6be183ad70bf6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":39975096,"asset_id":10540330,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39975096/download_file?st=MTczOTg1OTAwOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="272527" href="https://numismatics.academia.edu/NathanTElkins">Nathan T. 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Elkins, Monuments in Miniature: Architecture on Roman Coinage. (Numismatic Studies 29). New York: American Numismatic Society, 2015.","created_at":"2015-02-05T07:08:39.445-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/10540330/N_T_Elkins_Monuments_in_Miniature_Architecture_on_Roman_Coinage_Numismatic_Studies_29_New_York_American_Numismatic_Society_2015?f_ri=21620","dom_id":"work_10540330","summary":"Among the ancients, the regular representation of the built environment on coins was a purely Roman phenomenon. In the Greek world, architectural representation on coinage was very uncommon; when it did appear it referred directly in some way to the local identity of the issuing state. Coins of the Persian satrapies only rarely depicted fortifications in conjunction with traditional Persian emblems of royalty and power and temples of the chief deities in the minting city. The Roman use of the iconography of building was fundamentally different. From the first occurrence in 135 BC through the late Roman Empire, the architectural image on coins from Rome commemorated or politicized the monument in question. By the mid-first century BC and into the Imperial period, architecture was commonplace in the repertoire of Roman coin iconography.\r\n\r\nThe subject of the representation of monuments is one of the most beloved (and belabored) topics in studies of Roman coin iconography. It is also a theme in dire need of re-exploration. Appealing to numismatists, archaeologists, topographers and art or architectural historians, architectural representations on Roman coins have been appreciated and studied primarily for the evidence they yield for the appearance or reconstruction of lost monuments. While numismatic representations may provide some evidence for the reconstruction or historical study of Roman monuments, there are a number of methodological problems. This traditional and often uncritical approach to architectural representations has often treated the images as ‘snapshots’ or ‘blueprints’ of lost monuments, although creating wholly accurate representations of buildings – if the building even existed at the time that the coin was minted – was not the goal of the die engravers or the issuing authorities. And less frequently have architectural representations been understood in the context of a moneyer’s or an emperor’s wider ideological or visual program as deployed on the coinage. As a consequence, the actual phenomenon of architectural representation on Roman coinage has been inadequately studied in favor of more myopic considerations. \r\n\r\nWhy was Rome the only ancient civilization that habitually depicted built monuments on its coinage? Why did Greek urban centers with marble-clad monuments and politically charged building programs feature their great monuments on coins only after Roman domination? What social and cultural developments prompted Roman moneyers in the late second and first centuries BC to depict buildings on coins for the first time? What circumstances led to the decreasing frequency of architectural coin types in the third and fourth centuries AD until they ultimately disappeared from the Roman coinage in the fifth century? And why were these late Roman depictions more symbolic in their lack of reference to specific constructions? These are questions to be explored. This book departs from the treatment of the images as sources for the appearance of ancient monuments and explores instead the historical, art historical, social, and cultural contexts of the iconography of building on Roman coins as it developed and evolved from its emergence in the late second century BC to its disappearance from the Roman coinage in the fifth century AD.\r\n\r\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39975096,"asset_id":10540330,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":272527,"first_name":"Nathan T.","last_name":"Elkins","domain_name":"numismatics","page_name":"NathanTElkins","display_name":"Nathan T. 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Numismatics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Roman_Numismatics?f_ri=21620"},{"id":33438,"name":"Ancient Greek and Roman Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Greek_and_Roman_Art?f_ri=21620"},{"id":37044,"name":"Roman imperial history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_imperial_history?f_ri=21620"},{"id":41932,"name":"Roman coins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_coins?f_ri=21620"},{"id":48593,"name":"Roman Republican Numismatics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Republican_Numismatics?f_ri=21620"},{"id":50657,"name":"Ancient Numismatics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Numismatics?f_ri=21620"},{"id":50942,"name":"Roman Provincial Coinage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Provincial_Coinage?f_ri=21620"},{"id":69994,"name":"Roman Imperial Coins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Imperial_Coins?f_ri=21620"},{"id":70510,"name":"Ancient 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Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_and_Roman_Art?f_ri=21620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30138648" data-work_id="30138648" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30138648/Drunkenness_in_R_Bagnall_K_Brodersen_C_B_Champion_A_Erskine_S_Huebner_eds_The_Encyclopedia_of_Ancient_History_Malden_Oxford_Blackwell_Publishing_2016_">Drunkenness, in R. Bagnall, K. Brodersen, C. B. Champion, A. Erskine, S. Huebner (eds.), The Encyclopedia of Ancient History (Malden, Oxford, Blackwell Publishing, 2016)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30138648" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f5ab058f2ef76912429dcccdc5d2d041" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50596569,"asset_id":30138648,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50596569/download_file?st=MTczOTg1OTAwOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2275553" href="https://manchester.academia.edu/ChristianLaes">Christian Laes</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2275553" type="text/json">{"id":2275553,"first_name":"Christian","last_name":"Laes","domain_name":"manchester","page_name":"ChristianLaes","display_name":"Christian Laes","profile_url":"https://manchester.academia.edu/ChristianLaes?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2275553/723748/898753/s65_christian.laes.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30138648 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30138648"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30138648, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30138648", }); 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Bagnall, K. Brodersen, C. B. Champion, A. Erskine, S. Huebner (eds.), The Encyclopedia of Ancient History (Malden, Oxford, Blackwell Publishing, 2016)","created_at":"2016-11-28T10:17:23.024-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/30138648/Drunkenness_in_R_Bagnall_K_Brodersen_C_B_Champion_A_Erskine_S_Huebner_eds_The_Encyclopedia_of_Ancient_History_Malden_Oxford_Blackwell_Publishing_2016_?f_ri=21620","dom_id":"work_30138648","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50596569,"asset_id":30138648,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2275553,"first_name":"Christian","last_name":"Laes","domain_name":"manchester","page_name":"ChristianLaes","display_name":"Christian Laes","profile_url":"https://manchester.academia.edu/ChristianLaes?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2275553/723748/898753/s65_christian.laes.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":12920,"name":"History of Alcohol and Drug Use","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Alcohol_and_Drug_Use?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":21620,"name":"Roman social history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":50058,"name":"Greek social and economic history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_social_and_economic_history?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":633966,"name":"Greek and Roman Social History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_and_Roman_Social_History?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_67145520" data-work_id="67145520" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/67145520/Lusitanian_freedwomen_manumitting_their_children">Lusitanian freedwomen manumitting their children</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">There are four inscriptions from Lusitania in which freedpersons appear to manumit their own children: (1) Camira Sunuae lib(erta) / an(norum) XXV h(ic) s(ita) e(st) / Docquirus Catueni / et Sunua Docquiri / lib(erta) fil(iae) f(aciendum)... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_67145520" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">There are four inscriptions from Lusitania in which freedpersons appear to manumit their own children: (1) Camira Sunuae lib(erta) / an(norum) XXV h(ic) s(ita) e(st) / Docquirus Catueni / et Sunua Docquiri / lib(erta) fil(iae) f(aciendum) c(uraverunt) (Orjais, first century, probably first half).1 Ferreira interprets: "Catuenus libertou Docquirus; este, por seu turno, uniu-se a Sunua, que libertou; dessa união nasceu Camira, que foi libertada pela mãe.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/67145520" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="30d37ae60826a56c99bfd4e4e9e8941a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":78073422,"asset_id":67145520,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button 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style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="67145520"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15807" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_Epigraphy">Latin Epigraphy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15807" type="text/json">{"id":15807,"name":"Latin Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_Epigraphy?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21620" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history">Roman social history</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21620" type="text/json">{"id":21620,"name":"Roman social history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="198219" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Lusitania">Roman Lusitania</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="198219" type="text/json">{"id":198219,"name":"Roman Lusitania","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Lusitania?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="355365" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Slavery">Roman Slavery</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="355365" type="text/json">{"id":355365,"name":"Roman Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Slavery?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=67145520]'), work: {"id":67145520,"title":"Lusitanian freedwomen manumitting their children","created_at":"2022-01-04T16:42:17.929-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/67145520/Lusitanian_freedwomen_manumitting_their_children?f_ri=21620","dom_id":"work_67145520","summary":"There are four inscriptions from Lusitania in which freedpersons appear to manumit their own children: (1) Camira Sunuae lib(erta) / an(norum) XXV h(ic) s(ita) e(st) / Docquirus Catueni / et Sunua Docquiri / lib(erta) fil(iae) f(aciendum) c(uraverunt) (Orjais, first century, probably first half).1 Ferreira interprets: \"Catuenus libertou Docquirus; este, por seu turno, uniu-se a Sunua, que libertou; dessa união nasceu Camira, que foi libertada pela mãe.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":78073422,"asset_id":67145520,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4907172,"first_name":"Leonard","last_name":"Curchin","domain_name":"uwaterloo","page_name":"LeonardCurchin","display_name":"Leonard Curchin","profile_url":"https://uwaterloo.academia.edu/LeonardCurchin?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4907172/3084222/3628973/s65_leonard.curchin.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":15807,"name":"Latin Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_Epigraphy?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":21620,"name":"Roman social history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":198219,"name":"Roman Lusitania","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Lusitania?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":355365,"name":"Roman Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Slavery?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":365923,"name":"Ius Gentium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ius_Gentium?f_ri=21620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_39150558 coauthored" data-work_id="39150558" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/39150558/_2019_Excavations_at_the_Roman_villa_of_Vacone_RI_Lazio_by_the_Upper_Sabina_Tiberina_Project_2012_2018">(2019) Excavations at the Roman villa of Vacone (RI), Lazio by the Upper Sabina Tiberina Project, 2012-2018</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/39150558" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a 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data-card-contents-for-user="275798" type="text/json">{"id":275798,"first_name":"Tyler","last_name":"Franconi","domain_name":"brown","page_name":"TylerFranconi","display_name":"Tyler Franconi","profile_url":"https://brown.academia.edu/TylerFranconi?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/275798/56992/155314183/s65_tyler.franconi.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-39150558">+3</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-39150558"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://brown.academia.edu/CandaceRice">Candace M Rice</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://rutgers.academia.edu/GaryFarney">Gary Farney</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://utk.academia.edu/DylanBloy">Dylan Bloy</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-39150558'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-39150558').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_39150558 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="39150558"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 39150558, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_39150558", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_39150558 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span 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$('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=39150558]'), work: {"id":39150558,"title":"(2019) Excavations at the Roman villa of Vacone (RI), Lazio by the Upper Sabina Tiberina Project, 2012-2018","created_at":"2019-05-16T08:14:03.160-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/39150558/_2019_Excavations_at_the_Roman_villa_of_Vacone_RI_Lazio_by_the_Upper_Sabina_Tiberina_Project_2012_2018?f_ri=21620","dom_id":"work_39150558","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":60899324,"asset_id":39150558,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":275798,"first_name":"Tyler","last_name":"Franconi","domain_name":"brown","page_name":"TylerFranconi","display_name":"Tyler Franconi","profile_url":"https://brown.academia.edu/TylerFranconi?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/275798/56992/155314183/s65_tyler.franconi.jpg"},{"id":276955,"first_name":"Candace","last_name":"Rice","domain_name":"brown","page_name":"CandaceRice","display_name":"Candace M Rice","profile_url":"https://brown.academia.edu/CandaceRice?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/276955/57117/52675/s65_candace.rice.jpeg"},{"id":13181381,"first_name":"Gary","last_name":"Farney","domain_name":"rutgers","page_name":"GaryFarney","display_name":"Gary Farney","profile_url":"https://rutgers.academia.edu/GaryFarney?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/13181381/3708904/144697486/s65_gary.farney.jpg"},{"id":310026,"first_name":"Dylan","last_name":"Bloy","domain_name":"utk","page_name":"DylanBloy","display_name":"Dylan Bloy","profile_url":"https://utk.academia.edu/DylanBloy?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/310026/76498/83329/s65_dylan.bloy.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":393,"name":"Classical Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classical_Archaeology?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":2795,"name":"Landscape Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscape_Archaeology?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":7172,"name":"Early Medieval Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Medieval_Archaeology?f_ri=21620"},{"id":15481,"name":"Roman Villae","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Villae?f_ri=21620"},{"id":21620,"name":"Roman social history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history?f_ri=21620"},{"id":23640,"name":"Roman Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Economy?f_ri=21620"},{"id":32626,"name":"Graeco-Roman Mosaics and Wall Paintings","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Graeco-Roman_Mosaics_and_Wall_Paintings?f_ri=21620"},{"id":48990,"name":"Late roman villas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_roman_villas?f_ri=21620"},{"id":50059,"name":"Roman social and economic history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_and_economic_history?f_ri=21620"},{"id":63474,"name":"Roman agriculture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_agriculture?f_ri=21620"},{"id":94270,"name":"Wine and Olive Oil Production","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wine_and_Olive_Oil_Production?f_ri=21620"},{"id":99285,"name":"Roman Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Architecture?f_ri=21620"},{"id":163799,"name":"Roman Mosaics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Mosaics?f_ri=21620"},{"id":171231,"name":"Archaeology of Roman 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href="https://www.academia.edu/14929540/_Lusty_Ladies_in_the_Roman_Imaginary_with_D_Kamen_In_Ancient_Sex_New_Essays_Eds_R_Blondell_and_K_Ormand_Ohio_State_University_Press_2015_231_252">“Lusty Ladies in the Roman Imaginary” with D. Kamen. In Ancient Sex: New Essays. Eds. R. Blondell and K. Ormand. Ohio State University Press, 2015. 231–252.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/14929540" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f7c8a35761566f9d038b91159c6468e7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":38477129,"asset_id":14929540,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38477129/download_file?st=MTczOTg1OTAwOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="28931900" href="https://washington.academia.edu/SarahLevinRichardson">Sarah Levin-Richardson</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="28931900" type="text/json">{"id":28931900,"first_name":"Sarah","last_name":"Levin-Richardson","domain_name":"washington","page_name":"SarahLevinRichardson","display_name":"Sarah Levin-Richardson","profile_url":"https://washington.academia.edu/SarahLevinRichardson?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/28931900/8229714/121554418/s65_sarah.levin-richardson.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_14929540 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="14929540"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 14929540, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_14929540", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14929540]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_14929540").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_14929540").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="14929540"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1726" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Womens_History">Women's History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1726" type="text/json">{"id":1726,"name":"Women's History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Womens_History?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21620" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history">Roman social history</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21620" type="text/json">{"id":21620,"name":"Roman social history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="31375" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Graffiti_Archaeology_">Ancient Graffiti (Archaeology)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="31375" type="text/json">{"id":31375,"name":"Ancient Graffiti (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Graffiti_Archaeology_?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="51782" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_and_sexuality_in_the_ancient_world">Gender and sexuality in the ancient world</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="51782" type="text/json">{"id":51782,"name":"Gender and sexuality in the ancient world","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_and_sexuality_in_the_ancient_world?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=14929540]'), work: {"id":14929540,"title":"“Lusty Ladies in the Roman Imaginary” with D. Kamen. In Ancient Sex: New Essays. Eds. R. Blondell and K. Ormand. Ohio State University Press, 2015. 231–252.","created_at":"2015-08-14T14:35:34.905-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/14929540/_Lusty_Ladies_in_the_Roman_Imaginary_with_D_Kamen_In_Ancient_Sex_New_Essays_Eds_R_Blondell_and_K_Ormand_Ohio_State_University_Press_2015_231_252?f_ri=21620","dom_id":"work_14929540","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38477129,"asset_id":14929540,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":28931900,"first_name":"Sarah","last_name":"Levin-Richardson","domain_name":"washington","page_name":"SarahLevinRichardson","display_name":"Sarah Levin-Richardson","profile_url":"https://washington.academia.edu/SarahLevinRichardson?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/28931900/8229714/121554418/s65_sarah.levin-richardson.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1726,"name":"Women's History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Womens_History?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":21620,"name":"Roman social 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More than a history of doctrine or an account of jurisprudence, the Handbook brings to bear... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_28839790" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The Oxford Handbook of Roman Law and Society surveys the landscape of contemporary research and charts principal directions of future inquiry. More than a history of doctrine or an account of jurisprudence, the Handbook brings to bear upon Roman legal study the full range of intellectual resources of contemporary legal history, from comparison to popular constitutionalism, from international private law to law and society, thereby setting itself apart from other volumes as a unique contribution to scholarship on its subject. <br /><br />The Handbook brings the study of Roman law into closer alignment and dialogue with historical, sociological, and anthropological research into law in other periods. It will therefore be of value not only to ancient historians and legal historians already focused on the ancient world, but to historians of all periods interested in law and its complex and multifaceted relationship to society.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/28839790" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="40ec6ea62512ab95d35eea014dd5f8ac" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49259417,"asset_id":28839790,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49259417/download_file?st=MTczOTg1OTAwOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1932565" href="https://edinburgh.academia.edu/PaulduPlessis">Paul J. du Plessis</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1932565" type="text/json">{"id":1932565,"first_name":"Paul J.","last_name":"du Plessis","domain_name":"edinburgh","page_name":"PaulduPlessis","display_name":"Paul J. du Plessis","profile_url":"https://edinburgh.academia.edu/PaulduPlessis?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1932565/689450/1846390/s65_paul.du_plessis.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-28839790">+2</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-28839790"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://chicago.academia.edu/CliffordAndo">Clifford Ando</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://helsinki.academia.edu/KaiusTuori">Kaius Tuori</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-28839790'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-28839790').html(); 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More than a history of doctrine or an account of jurisprudence, the Handbook brings to bear upon Roman legal study the full range of intellectual resources of contemporary legal history, from comparison to popular constitutionalism, from international private law to law and society, thereby setting itself apart from other volumes as a unique contribution to scholarship on its subject. \n\nThe Handbook brings the study of Roman law into closer alignment and dialogue with historical, sociological, and anthropological research into law in other periods. It will therefore be of value not only to ancient historians and legal historians already focused on the ancient world, but to historians of all periods interested in law and its complex and multifaceted relationship to society.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49259417,"asset_id":28839790,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1932565,"first_name":"Paul J.","last_name":"du Plessis","domain_name":"edinburgh","page_name":"PaulduPlessis","display_name":"Paul J. du Plessis","profile_url":"https://edinburgh.academia.edu/PaulduPlessis?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1932565/689450/1846390/s65_paul.du_plessis.jpg"},{"id":475189,"first_name":"Clifford","last_name":"Ando","domain_name":"chicago","page_name":"CliffordAndo","display_name":"Clifford Ando","profile_url":"https://chicago.academia.edu/CliffordAndo?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/475189/181396/10915871/s65_clifford.ando.jpg"},{"id":5460485,"first_name":"Kaius","last_name":"Tuori","domain_name":"helsinki","page_name":"KaiusTuori","display_name":"Kaius Tuori","profile_url":"https://helsinki.academia.edu/KaiusTuori?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5460485/2397867/2791211/s65_kaius.tuori.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":4134,"name":"Roman Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Law?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":21620,"name":"Roman social history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":122525,"name":"Roman Private Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Private_Law?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":454210,"name":"Roman law and Civil Procedure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_law_and_Civil_Procedure?f_ri=21620"},{"id":455271,"name":"Roman Criminal Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Criminal_Law?f_ri=21620"},{"id":1622888,"name":"Roman Public Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Public_Law?f_ri=21620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6043209" data-work_id="6043209" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6043209/An_approach_to_the_plagues_and_epidemics_in_Ancient_World">An approach to the plagues and epidemics in Ancient World</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">En este artículo se estudian los principales episodios de pestes y epidemias que se produjeron en las civilizaciones de la antigüedad. Se analizan la gran peste de los hititas, en época del rey Mursili II (1321 a. C.-1295 a. C.), la peste... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_6043209" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">En este artículo se estudian los principales episodios de pestes y epidemias que se produjeron en las civilizaciones de la antigüedad. Se analizan la gran peste de los hititas, en época del rey Mursili II (1321 a. C.-1295 a. C.), la peste padecida por los filisteos (peste de Azoth), las epidemias padecidas por el ejército cartaginés en Sicilia (siglos V y IV a.C.), la gran peste de Atenas en 439-429 a. C. (en la actualidad interpretada como tifus), las epidemias en la República romana de los siglos V y IV a. C., así como las epidemias padecidas por el imperio romano (en especial la peste de los Antoninos en el siglo II, y la de Cipriano en el siglo III, que se interpretan como viruela y sarampión). Finalmente se exponen datos sobre la peste padecida por Bizancio, en época del emperador Justiniano, que constituye ya, sin duda, el primer azote importante de la peste bubónica. ABSTRACT This article examines the principal episodes of pest and epidemics that occurred in ancient civilizations. It discusses the great plague of the Hittites, in time of king Mursili II (1321-1295 B.C.), the plague sufferend by the Philistines (Azoth Plague), the epidemics suffered by the Carthaginian army in Sicily (V and IV centuries B. C.), the great pest of Athens in 431-429 B. C. (at present interpreted as typhus), the epidemics in the Roman Republic of the V and IV centuries B. C.), and epidemics suffered by the Roman Empire (especially the plague of the Antonines in the Second century, and that of Cyprian in the Third century. Which are interpreted as smallpox and measles). Finally, we expose data of the plague suffered by Byzantine in time of Emperor Justinian, which is now undoubtedly the main scourge of bubonic plague.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6043209" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="bc27437be81175cbe1fd5071b41a4e0f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32976312,"asset_id":6043209,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32976312/download_file?st=MTczOTg1OTAwOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1262573" href="https://uclm.academia.edu/EnriqueGozalbesCravioto">Enrique Gozalbes Cravioto</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1262573" type="text/json">{"id":1262573,"first_name":"Enrique","last_name":"Gozalbes Cravioto","domain_name":"uclm","page_name":"EnriqueGozalbesCravioto","display_name":"Enrique Gozalbes Cravioto","profile_url":"https://uclm.academia.edu/EnriqueGozalbesCravioto?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1262573/462336/579793/s65_enrique.gozalbes_cravioto.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6043209 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6043209"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6043209, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6043209", }); 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Se analizan la gran peste de los hititas, en época del rey Mursili II (1321 a. C.-1295 a. C.), la peste padecida por los filisteos (peste de Azoth), las epidemias padecidas por el ejército cartaginés en Sicilia (siglos V y IV a.C.), la gran peste de Atenas en 439-429 a. C. (en la actualidad interpretada como tifus), las epidemias en la República romana de los siglos V y IV a. C., así como las epidemias padecidas por el imperio romano (en especial la peste de los Antoninos en el siglo II, y la de Cipriano en el siglo III, que se interpretan como viruela y sarampión). Finalmente se exponen datos sobre la peste padecida por Bizancio, en época del emperador Justiniano, que constituye ya, sin duda, el primer azote importante de la peste bubónica. ABSTRACT This article examines the principal episodes of pest and epidemics that occurred in ancient civilizations. It discusses the great plague of the Hittites, in time of king Mursili II (1321-1295 B.C.), the plague sufferend by the Philistines (Azoth Plague), the epidemics suffered by the Carthaginian army in Sicily (V and IV centuries B. C.), the great pest of Athens in 431-429 B. C. (at present interpreted as typhus), the epidemics in the Roman Republic of the V and IV centuries B. C.), and epidemics suffered by the Roman Empire (especially the plague of the Antonines in the Second century, and that of Cyprian in the Third century. Which are interpreted as smallpox and measles). Finally, we expose data of the plague suffered by Byzantine in time of Emperor Justinian, which is now undoubtedly the main scourge of bubonic plague.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32976312,"asset_id":6043209,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1262573,"first_name":"Enrique","last_name":"Gozalbes Cravioto","domain_name":"uclm","page_name":"EnriqueGozalbesCravioto","display_name":"Enrique Gozalbes Cravioto","profile_url":"https://uclm.academia.edu/EnriqueGozalbesCravioto?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1262573/462336/579793/s65_enrique.gozalbes_cravioto.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":310,"name":"Demography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Demography?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":1089,"name":"Social epidemiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_epidemiology?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":2273,"name":"History of Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Medicine?f_ri=21620"},{"id":4995,"name":"History of Social Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Social_Sciences?f_ri=21620"},{"id":8558,"name":"History of Plague","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Plague?f_ri=21620"},{"id":10091,"name":"Byzantine Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Byzantine_Studies?f_ri=21620"},{"id":12461,"name":"Hittite","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hittite?f_ri=21620"},{"id":18121,"name":"Imperial Rome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Imperial_Rome?f_ri=21620"},{"id":20151,"name":"Ancient Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Medicine?f_ri=21620"},{"id":21620,"name":"Roman social history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history?f_ri=21620"},{"id":22878,"name":"Ancient Greek History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Greek_History?f_ri=21620"},{"id":40756,"name":"Historia Social","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia_Social?f_ri=21620"},{"id":69792,"name":"Ancient Rome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Rome?f_ri=21620"},{"id":153220,"name":"Plague","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plague?f_ri=21620"},{"id":525837,"name":"Histoire Ancienne","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Histoire_Ancienne?f_ri=21620"},{"id":633966,"name":"Greek and Roman Social History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_and_Roman_Social_History?f_ri=21620"},{"id":650813,"name":"Social and Demographic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_and_Demographic_History?f_ri=21620"},{"id":671315,"name":"Historia de las epidemias","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia_de_las_epidemias?f_ri=21620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38865667" data-work_id="38865667" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38865667/_Corcillum_est_quod_homines_facit_Sat_75_8_la_figura_di_Trimalchione_nel_riflesso_della_societ%C3%A0_neroniana">"Corcillum est quod homines facit" (Sat. 75, 8): la figura di Trimalchione nel riflesso della società neroniana</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Commento analitico ai capitoli 75-77 del Satyricon, porzione del romanzo petroniano nota come "autobiografia di Trimalchione". La figura letteraria di Trimalchione è stata costruita da Petronio come rappresentante di un preciso ceto... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_38865667" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Commento analitico ai capitoli 75-77 del Satyricon, porzione del romanzo petroniano nota come "autobiografia di Trimalchione". La figura letteraria di Trimalchione è stata costruita da Petronio come rappresentante di un preciso ceto sociale: quello dei liberti arricchiti presenti nell'area commerciale campana che aspirano ad un riconoscimento nel tessuto sociale grazie alle loro cospicue possibilità economiche.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38865667" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d50e34f46fe7249e74d91d10dce32f83" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":60178188,"asset_id":38865667,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60178188/download_file?st=MTczOTg1OTAwOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="42063529" href="https://uniba-it.academia.edu/VitantonioGelao">Vitantonio Gelao</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="42063529" type="text/json">{"id":42063529,"first_name":"Vitantonio","last_name":"Gelao","domain_name":"uniba-it","page_name":"VitantonioGelao","display_name":"Vitantonio Gelao","profile_url":"https://uniba-it.academia.edu/VitantonioGelao?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/42063529/19844761/19847367/s65_vitantonio.gelao.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38865667 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38865667"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38865667, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38865667", }); 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La figura letteraria di Trimalchione è stata costruita da Petronio come rappresentante di un preciso ceto sociale: quello dei liberti arricchiti presenti nell'area commerciale campana che aspirano ad un riconoscimento nel tessuto sociale grazie alle loro cospicue possibilità economiche.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":60178188,"asset_id":38865667,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":42063529,"first_name":"Vitantonio","last_name":"Gelao","domain_name":"uniba-it","page_name":"VitantonioGelao","display_name":"Vitantonio Gelao","profile_url":"https://uniba-it.academia.edu/VitantonioGelao?f_ri=21620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/42063529/19844761/19847367/s65_vitantonio.gelao.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":827,"name":"Latin Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_Literature?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":3732,"name":"Proverbs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Proverbs?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":4944,"name":"History of Latin Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Latin_Language?f_ri=21620","nofollow":true},{"id":18121,"name":"Imperial Rome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Imperial_Rome?f_ri=21620"},{"id":19345,"name":"Petronius","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Petronius?f_ri=21620"},{"id":21620,"name":"Roman social history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history?f_ri=21620"},{"id":30955,"name":"Emperor Nero","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emperor_Nero?f_ri=21620"},{"id":72790,"name":"Storia Romana","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Storia_Romana?f_ri=21620"},{"id":94201,"name":"Letteratura Greca E Latina","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Letteratura_Greca_E_Latina?f_ri=21620"},{"id":171045,"name":"Age of Nero","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Age_of_Nero?f_ri=21620"},{"id":226643,"name":"Petronius' Satyricon","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Petronius_Satyricon?f_ri=21620"},{"id":317134,"name":"Trimalchio, Maecenatianus, imperial freedman","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trimalchio_Maecenatianus_imperial_freedman?f_ri=21620"},{"id":421208,"name":"Latin textual criticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_textual_criticism?f_ri=21620"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology?f_ri=21620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9937296 coauthored" data-work_id="9937296" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9937296/Hispania_y_la_Epigraf%C3%ADa_romana_Cuatro_perspectivas_Coll_Epigrafia_e_Antichit%C3%A0_26_ISBN_978_88_7594_097_3_244_pp">Hispania y la Epigrafía romana. 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