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cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Korean calendar</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 28 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-28" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">28 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85_%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A" title="تقويم كوري – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تقويم كوري" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koreya_t%C9%99qvimi" title="Koreya təqvimi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Koreya təqvimi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%87_%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C" title="کوره تقویمی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کوره تقویمی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%9E%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF" title="কোরীয় বর্ষপঞ্জি – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কোরীয় বর্ষপঞ্জি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Карэйскі каляндар – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Карэйскі каляндар" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deiziadur_korean" title="Deiziadur korean – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Deiziadur korean" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendari_core%C3%A0" title="Calendari coreà – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Calendari coreà" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendario_coreano" title="Calendario coreano – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Calendario coreano" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korea_kalendaro" title="Korea kalendaro – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Korea kalendaro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korear_egutegia" title="Korear egutegia – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Korear egutegia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C" title="گاه‌شماری کره‌ای – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گاه‌شماری کره‌ای" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendrier_cor%C3%A9en" title="Calendrier coréen – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Calendrier coréen" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%95%9C%EA%B5%AD%EC%9D%98_%EC%97%AD%EB%B2%95" title="한국의 역법 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="한국의 역법" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalender_Korea" title="Kalender Korea – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kalender Korea" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korejas_kalend%C4%81rs" title="Korejas kalendārs – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Korejas kalendārs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kor%C4%97jie%C4%8Di%C5%B3_kalendorius" title="Korėjiečių kalendorius – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Korėjiečių kalendorius" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koreai_napt%C3%A1r" title="Koreai naptár – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Koreai naptár" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Корејски календар – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Корејски календар" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85_%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%89" title="تقويم كورى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="تقويم كورى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%95%E1%80%BC%E1%80%80%E1%80%B9%E1%80%81%E1%80%92%E1%80%AD%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA" title="ကိုရီးယားပြက္ခဒိန် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကိုရီးယားပြက္ခဒိန်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE%E3%81%AE%E6%9A%A6" title="朝鮮の暦 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="朝鮮の暦" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koreansk_kalender" title="Koreansk kalender – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Koreansk kalender" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koreaansch_Klenner" title="Koreaansch Klenner – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Koreaansch Klenner" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_calendar" title="Korean calendar – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Korean calendar" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korejski_kalendar" title="Korejski kalendar – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Korejski kalendar" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kore_takvimi" title="Kore takvimi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kore takvimi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Корейський календар – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Корейський календар" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%E1%BB%8Bch_Tri%E1%BB%81u_Ti%C3%AAn" title="Lịch Triều Tiên – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Lịch Triều Tiên" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q505203#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div 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style="border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa"><span class="wraplinks"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Korea" title="Culture of Korea">Culture of Korea</a></span></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#E9E9E9;"> <a href="/wiki/Korea" title="Korea"><span style="color:#000000;">Society</span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="font-size:95%;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Korea" title="History of Korea">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koreans" title="Koreans">People</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Korean_diaspora" title="Korean diaspora">Diaspora</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_language" title="Korean language">Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Names_of_Korea" title="Names of Korea">Names of Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Korea" title="Religion in Korea">Religion</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#E9E9E9;"> Arts and literature</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="font-size:95%;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Korean_architecture" title="Korean architecture">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_art" title="Korean art">Art</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Korean_pottery_and_porcelain" title="Korean pottery and porcelain">Pottery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_painting" title="Korean painting">Painting</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_dance" title="Korean dance">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Korea" title="Cinema of Korea">Film</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_North_Korea" title="Cinema of North Korea">North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_South_Korea" title="Cinema of South Korea">South</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_literature" title="Korean literature">Literature</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_Korean_literature" title="North Korean literature">North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Korean_literature" title="South Korean literature">South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_poetry" title="Korean poetry">Poetry</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhwa" title="Manhwa">Manhwa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Webtoon" title="Webtoon">Webtoon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_South_Korea" title="Mass media in South Korea">Media</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_South_Korea" title="Television in South Korea">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_drama" title="Korean drama">K-drama</a></li></ul></li> <li>Music <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_music_of_Korea" title="Traditional music of Korea">Traditional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_North_Korea" title="Music of North Korea">North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_South_Korea" title="Music of South Korea">South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K-pop" title="K-pop">K-pop</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theater_in_Korea" title="Theater in Korea">Theater</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#E9E9E9;"> Other</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="font-size:95%;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Korean_cuisine" title="Korean cuisine">Cuisine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kimchi" title="Kimchi">Kimchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banchan" title="Banchan">Banchan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_mythology" title="Korean mythology">Mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_folklore" title="Korean folklore">Folklore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Korean_traditional_festivals" title="List of Korean traditional festivals">Holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Korean_clothing" title="List of Korean clothing">Clothing</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Hanbok" title="Hanbok">Hanbok</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Korean_mask" title="Korean mask">Tal</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Korea" title="Sport in Korea">Sports</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Korean_martial_arts" title="Korean martial arts">Martial arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taekwondo" title="Taekwondo">Taekwondo</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ssireum" title="Ssireum">Ssireum</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_games_in_South_Korea" title="Video games in South Korea">Video games</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#E9E9E9;"> Symbols</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="font-size:95%;"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Arirang" title="Arirang">Arirang</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hibiscus_syriacus" title="Hibiscus syriacus">Mugunghwa</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paektu_Mountain" title="Paektu Mountain">Paektu Mountain</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Aegukka" title="Aegukka">Aegukka</a>" <ul><li>North Korea</li></ul></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Aegukga" title="Aegukga">Aegukga</a>" <ul><li>South Korea</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Korean_flags" title="List of Korean flags">Flags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taegeuk" title="Taegeuk">Taegeuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_North_Korea" title="Emblem of North Korea">Emblem of North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_South_Korea" title="Emblem of South Korea">Emblem of South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_South_Korea" title="List of World Heritage Sites in South Korea">World Heritage Sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/100_Cultural_Symbols_of_Korea" title="100 Cultural Symbols of Korea">100 Cultural Symbols of Korea</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Culture_of_Korea" title="Template:Culture of Korea"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Culture_of_Korea" title="Template talk:Culture of Korea"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Culture_of_Korea" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Culture of Korea"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The traditional <b>Korean calendar</b> or <b>Dangun calendar</b> (<a href="/wiki/Korean_language" title="Korean language">Korean</a>: <span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko-Hang">단군</span></span>; <a href="/wiki/Hanja" title="Hanja">Hanja</a>: <span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko-Hani">檀君</span></span>) is a <a href="/wiki/Lunisolar_calendar" title="Lunisolar calendar">lunisolar calendar</a>. Dates are calculated from Korea's <a href="/wiki/Meridian_(geography)" title="Meridian (geography)">meridian</a> (<a href="/wiki/135th_meridian_east" title="135th meridian east">135th meridian east</a> in modern time for South Korea), and observances and festivals are based in <a href="/wiki/Korean_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Korean culture">Korean culture</a>. </p><p>Koreans now mostly use the <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a>, which was officially adopted in 1896.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, traditional holidays and <a href="/wiki/East_Asian_age_reckoning#Korean" title="East Asian age reckoning">age-reckoning</a> for older generations are still based on the old calendar. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_calendar&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Similar to most traditional calendars of other <a href="/wiki/East_Asia" title="East Asia">East Asian</a> countries, the Korean Calendar is derived from the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_calendar" title="Chinese calendar">Chinese calendar</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The traditional calendar designated its years via <a href="/wiki/Korean_era_name" title="Korean era name">Korean era names</a> from 270 to 963, then <a href="/wiki/Chinese_era_name" title="Chinese era name">Chinese era names</a> with Korean era names at a few times until 1894.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In 1894 and 1895, the lunar calendar was used with years numbered from the foundation of the <a href="/wiki/Joseon" title="Joseon">Joseon</a> Dynasty in 1392.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Gregorian calendar was adopted on 1 January 1896, with the <a href="/wiki/Korean_era_name" title="Korean era name">Korean era name</a> Geonyang (<span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko-Hang">건양</span></span>; <span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko-Hani">建陽</span></span>; <abbr title="literal translation">lit.</abbr> adopting solar calendar).<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%EC%B5%9C%EC%A4%80%EB%A1%80,_%EA%B9%80%EA%B5%AC_%EB%B6%80%EC%9D%B8%EC%9D%98_%EB%AC%B4%EB%8D%A4_(The_grave_of_Choi_Jun-rye,_wife_of_Kim_Gu).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/%EC%B5%9C%EC%A4%80%EB%A1%80%2C_%EA%B9%80%EA%B5%AC_%EB%B6%80%EC%9D%B8%EC%9D%98_%EB%AC%B4%EB%8D%A4_%28The_grave_of_Choi_Jun-rye%2C_wife_of_Kim_Gu%29.png/181px-%EC%B5%9C%EC%A4%80%EB%A1%80%2C_%EA%B9%80%EA%B5%AC_%EB%B6%80%EC%9D%B8%EC%9D%98_%EB%AC%B4%EB%8D%A4_%28The_grave_of_Choi_Jun-rye%2C_wife_of_Kim_Gu%29.png" decoding="async" width="181" height="262" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/%EC%B5%9C%EC%A4%80%EB%A1%80%2C_%EA%B9%80%EA%B5%AC_%EB%B6%80%EC%9D%B8%EC%9D%98_%EB%AC%B4%EB%8D%A4_%28The_grave_of_Choi_Jun-rye%2C_wife_of_Kim_Gu%29.png/271px-%EC%B5%9C%EC%A4%80%EB%A1%80%2C_%EA%B9%80%EA%B5%AC_%EB%B6%80%EC%9D%B8%EC%9D%98_%EB%AC%B4%EB%8D%A4_%28The_grave_of_Choi_Jun-rye%2C_wife_of_Kim_Gu%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/%EC%B5%9C%EC%A4%80%EB%A1%80%2C_%EA%B9%80%EA%B5%AC_%EB%B6%80%EC%9D%B8%EC%9D%98_%EB%AC%B4%EB%8D%A4_%28The_grave_of_Choi_Jun-rye%2C_wife_of_Kim_Gu%29.png/362px-%EC%B5%9C%EC%A4%80%EB%A1%80%2C_%EA%B9%80%EA%B5%AC_%EB%B6%80%EC%9D%B8%EC%9D%98_%EB%AC%B4%EB%8D%A4_%28The_grave_of_Choi_Jun-rye%2C_wife_of_Kim_Gu%29.png 2x" data-file-width="376" data-file-height="544" /></a><figcaption>The gravestone of <a href="/wiki/Kim_Ku" title="Kim Ku">Kim Ku's</a> wife, Ch'oe Chun-rye, uses the Dangun calendar written using <a href="/wiki/Hangul" title="Hangul">hangul</a> numerals (<span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko-Hang">ㄱ</span></span>=1, <span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko-Hang">ㄴ</span></span>=2, etc) for her birth year ("<span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko-Hang">ㄹㄴㄴㄴ해</span></span>" = 4222 = 1889 CE). For her death year, it uses hangul numerals to indicate the number of years after the founding of the <a href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_the_Republic_of_Korea" title="Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea">Korean Provisional Government</a> ("<span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko-Hang">ㅂ해</span></span>" = 6 = 1924 CE).</figcaption></figure> <p><span class="anchor" id="Dangun_years"></span><span class="anchor" id="Dangi_years"></span> From 1945 until 1961 in <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a>, Gregorian calendar years were counted from the foundation of <a href="/wiki/Gojoseon" title="Gojoseon">Gojoseon</a> in 2333 <a href="/wiki/Before_Christ" class="mw-redirect" title="Before Christ">BC</a> (regarded as year one), the date of the legendary founding of Korea by <a href="/wiki/Dangun" title="Dangun">Dangun</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These Dangi (<span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko-Hang">단기</span></span>; <span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko-Hani">檀紀</span></span>) years were 4278 to 4294. This numbering was informally used with the Korean lunar calendar before 1945 but has only been occasionally used since 1961, and mostly in North Korea prior to 1997. </p><p>Although not being an official calendar, in South Korea, the traditional Korean calendar is still maintained by the government. The current version is based on East Asia's <a href="/wiki/Shixian_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Shixian calendar">Shixian calendar</a> (Korean: <span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko-Hang">시헌력</span></span>; Hanja: <span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko-Hani">時憲暦</span></span>; <abbr title="Revised Romanization of Korean">RR</abbr>: <span title="Korean-language romanization"><i lang="ko-Latn">siheollyeok</i></span>), which was in turn revised by Jesuit scholars. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a>, the <a href="/wiki/North_Korean_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="North Korean calendar">Juche calendar</a> has been used since 1997 to number its years, based on the birth of the state's founder <a href="/wiki/Kim_Il_Sung" title="Kim Il Sung">Kim Il Sung</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Features">Features</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_calendar&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Features"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Chinese_astrology" title="Chinese astrology">Chinese zodiac</a> of 12 <a href="/wiki/Earthly_Branches" title="Earthly Branches">Earthly Branches</a> (animals), which were used for counting hours and years;</li> <li>Ten <a href="/wiki/Heavenly_Stems" title="Heavenly Stems">Heavenly Stems</a>, which were combined with the 12 Earthly Branches to form a sixty-year cycle;</li> <li>Twenty-four <a href="/wiki/Solar_term" title="Solar term">solar terms</a> (Korean: <span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko-Hang">절기</span></span>; Hanja: <span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko-Hani">節氣</span></span>; <abbr title="Revised Romanization of Korean">RR</abbr>: <span title="Korean-language romanization"><i lang="ko-Latn">jeolgi</i></span>) in the year, spaced roughly 15 days apart;</li> <li>Lunar months including leap months added every two or three years.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Weekdays">Weekdays</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_calendar&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Weekdays"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Note that traditional Korean calendar has no concept of weekdays: the following are names of weekdays in the modern (Western) calendar. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>English </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Hangul" title="Hangul">Hangul</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Hanja" title="Hanja">Hanja</a> </th> <th>Transliteration </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Heavenly_body" class="mw-redirect" title="Heavenly body">Heavenly body</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Wuxing_(Chinese_philosophy)" title="Wuxing (Chinese philosophy)">5 Elements</a> <p>(오행; 五行) </p> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Sunday</td> <td><span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko-Hang">일요일</span></span></td> <td><span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko-Hani">日曜日</span></span></td> <td><span title="McCune–Reischauer transliteration"><i lang="ko-Latn">il.yo.il</i></span>: <span title="Revised Romanization of Korean transliteration"><i lang="ko-Latn">iryoil</i></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">Sun</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Monday</td> <td><span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko-Hang">월요일</span></span></td> <td><span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko-Hani">月曜日</span></span></td> <td><span title="McCune–Reischauer transliteration"><i lang="ko-Latn">wŏl.yo.il</i></span>: <span title="Revised Romanization of Korean transliteration"><i lang="ko-Latn">woryoil</i></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Moon" title="Moon">Moon</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tuesday</td> <td><span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko-Hang">화요일</span></span></td> <td><span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko-Hani">火曜日</span></span></td> <td><span title="McCune–Reischauer transliteration"><i lang="ko-Latn">hwa.yo.il</i></span>: <span title="Revised Romanization of Korean transliteration"><i lang="ko-Latn">hwayoil</i></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a></td> <td>Fire </td></tr> <tr> <td>Wednesday</td> <td><span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko-Hang">수요일</span></span></td> <td><span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko-Hani">水曜日</span></span></td> <td><span title="McCune–Reischauer transliteration"><i lang="ko-Latn">su.yo.il</i></span>: <span title="Revised Romanization of Korean transliteration"><i lang="ko-Latn">suyoil</i></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mercury_(planet)" title="Mercury (planet)">Mercury</a></td> <td>Water </td></tr> <tr> <td>Thursday</td> <td><span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko-Hang">목요일</span></span></td> <td><span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko-Hani">木曜日</span></span></td> <td><span title="McCune–Reischauer transliteration"><i lang="ko-Latn">mok.yo.il</i></span>: <span title="Revised Romanization of Korean transliteration"><i lang="ko-Latn">mogyoil</i></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a></td> <td>Wood </td></tr> <tr> <td>Friday</td> <td><span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko-Hang">금요일</span></span></td> <td><span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko-Hani">金曜日</span></span></td> <td><span title="McCune–Reischauer transliteration"><i lang="ko-Latn">kŭm.yo.il</i></span>: <span title="Revised Romanization of Korean transliteration"><i lang="ko-Latn">geumyoil</i></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Venus" title="Venus">Venus</a></td> <td>Metal </td></tr> <tr> <td>Saturday</td> <td><span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko-Hang">토요일</span></span></td> <td><span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko-Hani">土曜日</span></span></td> <td><span title="McCune–Reischauer transliteration"><i lang="ko-Latn">tho.yo.il</i></span>: <span title="Revised Romanization of Korean transliteration"><i lang="ko-Latn">toyoil</i></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Saturn" title="Saturn">Saturn</a></td> <td>Earth </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Months">Months</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_calendar&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Months"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In modern Korean language, the months of both the traditional lunisolar and Western calendars are named by prefixing <a href="/wiki/Korean_numerals" title="Korean numerals">Sino-Korean numerals</a> to <span title="Revised Romanization of Korean transliteration"><i lang="ko-Latn">wol</i></span>, the <a href="/wiki/Sino-Korean_vocabulary" title="Sino-Korean vocabulary">Sino-Korean word</a> for "month". Traditionally, when speaking of individuals' birth months, the months of the lunisolar calendar were named by prefixing the native Korean name of the animal associated with each <a href="/wiki/Earthly_Branch" class="mw-redirect" title="Earthly Branch">Earthly Branch</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_zodiac" title="Chinese zodiac">Chinese zodiac</a> to <span title="Revised Romanization of Korean transliteration"><i lang="ko-Latn">dal</i></span>, the native Korean word for "month". Additionally, the first, eleventh, and twelfth months have other Korean names which are similar to traditional Chinese month names.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the other traditional Chinese month names, such as <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=X%C3%ACngyu%C3%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xìngyuè (page does not exist)">Xìngyuè</a></i> ("apricot month") for the second month, are not used in Korean. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3">Modern name </th> <th colspan="3">Traditional name </th> <th rowspan="2">Notes </th> <th colspan="4">Chinese Equivalent </th></tr> <tr> <th>Translation </th> <th>Hangul </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Revised_Romanization_of_Korean" title="Revised Romanization of Korean">RR</a> </th> <th>Translation </th> <th>Hangul </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Revised_Romanization_of_Korean" title="Revised Romanization of Korean">RR</a> </th> <th>Month number </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Earthly_Branch" class="mw-redirect" title="Earthly Branch">Earthly Branch</a> name </th> <th>Modern name </th> <th>Starts on Gregorian date <p>(annually the dates shifts due to the lunar cycle) </p> </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">Month 1 </td> <td rowspan="2">1월 (일월) </td> <td rowspan="2"><i>Il-wol</i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tiger_(zodiac)" title="Tiger (zodiac)">Tiger</a> Month </td> <td>호랑이달 </td> <td><i>Ho-rang-i-dal</i> </td> <td> </td> <td rowspan="2">1 </td> <td rowspan="2">寅月; <i>yínyuè</i>; 'tiger month' </td> <td rowspan="2">正月; <i>zhēngyuè</i>; 'first month' </td> <td rowspan="2">between 21 January – 20 February </td></tr> <tr> <td>Primary Month </td> <td>정월 (正月) </td> <td><span title="Revised Romanization of Korean transliteration"><i lang="ko-Latn">Jeong-wol</i></span> </td> <td>A loanword from Chinese <i><a href="/wiki/Zh%C4%93ngyu%C3%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="Zhēngyuè">Zhēngyuè</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Month 2</td> <td>2월 (이월)</td> <td><i>I-wol</i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rabbit_(zodiac)" title="Rabbit (zodiac)">Rabbit</a> Month</td> <td>토끼달</td> <td><i>To-kki-dal</i></td> <td> </td> <td>2 </td> <td>卯月; <i>mǎoyuè</i>; 'rabbit month' </td> <td>二月; <i>èryuè</i>; 'second month' </td> <td>between 20 February – 21 March </td></tr> <tr> <td>Month 3</td> <td>3월 (삼월)</td> <td><i>Sam-wol</i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dragon_(zodiac)" title="Dragon (zodiac)">Dragon</a> Month</td> <td>용달</td> <td><i>Yong-dal</i></td> <td> </td> <td>3 </td> <td>辰月; <i>chényuè</i>; 'dragon month' </td> <td>三月; <i>sānyuè</i>; 'third month' </td> <td>between 21 March – 20 April </td></tr> <tr> <td>Month 4</td> <td>4월 (사월)</td> <td><i>Sa-wol</i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Snake_(zodiac)" title="Snake (zodiac)">Snake</a> Month</td> <td>뱀달</td> <td><i>Baem-dal</i></td> <td> </td> <td>4 </td> <td>巳月; <i>sìyuè</i>; 'snake month' </td> <td>四月; <i>sìyuè</i>; 'fourth month' </td> <td>between 20 April – 21 May </td></tr> <tr> <td>Month 5</td> <td>5월 (오월)</td> <td><i>O-wol</i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Horse_(zodiac)" title="Horse (zodiac)">Horse</a> Month</td> <td>말달</td> <td><i>Mal-dal</i></td> <td> </td> <td>5 </td> <td>午月; <i>wǔyuè</i>; 'horse month' </td> <td>五月; <i>wǔyuè</i>; 'fifth month' </td> <td>between 21 May – 21 June </td></tr> <tr> <td>Month 6</td> <td>6월 (유월)</td> <td><i>Yu-wol</i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Goat_(zodiac)" title="Goat (zodiac)">Sheep</a> Month</td> <td>양달</td> <td><i>Yang-dal</i></td> <td> </td> <td>6 </td> <td>未月; <i>wèiyuè</i>; 'goat month' </td> <td>六月; <i>liùyuè</i>; 'sixth month' </td> <td>between 21 June – 23 July </td></tr> <tr> <td>Month 7</td> <td>7월 (칠월)</td> <td><i>Chir-wol</i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Monkey_(zodiac)" title="Monkey (zodiac)">Monkey</a> Month</td> <td>원숭이달</td> <td><span title="Revised Romanization of Korean transliteration"><i lang="ko-Latn">Won-sung-i-dal</i></span></td> <td> </td> <td>7 </td> <td>申月; <i>shēnyuè</i>; 'monkey month' </td> <td>七月; <i>qīyuè</i>; 'seventh month' </td> <td>between 23 July – 23 August </td></tr> <tr> <td>Month 8</td> <td>8월 (팔월)</td> <td><i>Par-wol</i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rooster_(zodiac)" title="Rooster (zodiac)">Rooster</a> Month</td> <td>닭달</td> <td><span title="Revised Romanization of Korean transliteration"><i lang="ko-Latn">Dak-dal</i></span></td> <td> </td> <td>8 </td> <td>酉月; <i>yǒuyuè</i>; 'rooster month' </td> <td>八月; <i>bāyuè</i>; 'eighth month' </td> <td>between 23 August – 23 September </td></tr> <tr> <td>Month 9</td> <td>9월 (구월)</td> <td><i>Gu-wol</i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dog_(zodiac)" title="Dog (zodiac)">Dog</a> Month</td> <td>개달</td> <td><span title="Revised Romanization of Korean transliteration"><i lang="ko-Latn">Gae-dal</i></span></td> <td> </td> <td>9 </td> <td>戌月; <i>xūyuè</i>; 'dog month' </td> <td>九月; <i>jiǔyuè</i>; 'ninth month' </td> <td>between 23 September – 23 October </td></tr> <tr> <td>Month 10</td> <td>10월 (시월)</td> <td><i>Shi-wol/ Si-wol</i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pig_(zodiac)" title="Pig (zodiac)">Pig</a> Month</td> <td>돼지달</td> <td><span title="Revised Romanization of Korean transliteration"><i lang="ko-Latn">Dwae-ji-dal</i></span></td> <td> </td> <td>10 </td> <td>亥月; <i>hàiyuè</i>; 'pig month' </td> <td>十月; <i>shíyuè</i>; 'tenth month' </td> <td>between 23 October – 22 November </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">Month 11 </td> <td rowspan="2">11월 (십일월) </td> <td rowspan="2"><i>Shi-bir-wol/ Shib-ir-wol</i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rat_(zodiac)" title="Rat (zodiac)">Rat</a> Month </td> <td>쥐달 </td> <td><span title="Revised Romanization of Korean transliteration"><i lang="ko-Latn">Jwi-dal</i></span> </td> <td> </td> <td rowspan="2">11 </td> <td>子月; <i>zǐyuè</i>; 'rat month' </td> <td>十一月; <i>shíyīyuè</i>; 'eleventh month' </td> <td>between 22 November – 22 December </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dongzhi_(solar_term)" title="Dongzhi (solar term)">Winter Solstice</a> Month </td> <td>동짓달 </td> <td><span title="Revised Romanization of Korean transliteration"><i lang="ko-Latn">Dong-jit-dal</i></span> </td> <td>Compare Chinese <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=D%C5%8Dngyu%C3%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dōngyuè (page does not exist)">Dōngyuè</a></i>, "Winter Month" </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">Month 12 </td> <td rowspan="2">12월 (십이월) </td> <td rowspan="2"><i>Shib-i-wol</i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ox_(zodiac)" title="Ox (zodiac)">Ox</a> Month </td> <td>소달 </td> <td><span title="Revised Romanization of Korean transliteration"><i lang="ko-Latn">So-dal</i></span> </td> <td> </td> <td rowspan="2">12 </td> <td>丑月; <i>chǒuyuè</i>; 'ox month' </td> <td rowspan="2">臘月; 腊月; <i>làyuè</i>; 'end-of-year month' </td> <td>between 22 December – 21 January </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>섣달 </td> <td><span title="Revised Romanization of Korean transliteration"><i lang="ko-Latn">Seot-dal</i></span> </td> <td>Compare Chinese <i><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A0yu%C3%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="Làyuè">Làyuè</a></i>, "preservation month" </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Festivals">Festivals</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_calendar&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Festivals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The lunar calendar is used for the observation of traditional festivals, such as <a href="/wiki/Seollal" class="mw-redirect" title="Seollal">Seollal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chuseok" title="Chuseok">Chuseok</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Buddha%27s_Birthday" title="Buddha's Birthday">Buddha's Birthday</a>. It is also used for <a href="/wiki/Jesa" title="Jesa">jesa</a> memorial services for ancestors and the marking of birthdays by older Koreans. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Traditional_holidays">Traditional holidays</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_calendar&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Traditional holidays"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#efefef;"> <th>Festival</th> <th>Significance</th> <th>Events</th> <th>Date (Lunar)</th> <th>Food </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Seollal" class="mw-redirect" title="Seollal">Seollal</a> (설날)</td> <td>Lunar New Year's Day</td> <td>An ancestral service is offered before the grave of the ancestors, New Year's greetings are exchanged with family, relatives and neighbors; bows to elders (<i>sebae</i>, 세배, 歲拜), <i><a href="/wiki/Yut" class="mw-redirect" title="Yut">yut nori</a></i> (윷놀이).</td> <td>Day 1 of Month 1</td> <td>rice cake soup (<i><a href="/wiki/Tteokguk" title="Tteokguk">tteokguk</a></i>, 떡국), honey cakes (<i><a href="/wiki/Yakgwa" title="Yakgwa">yakgwa</a></i>, 약과, 藥果). </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Daeboreum" title="Daeboreum">Daeboreum</a> (대보름, 大보름)</td> <td>First full moon</td> <td>Greeting of the moon (<i>dalmaji</i>, 달맞이), kite-flying, burning talismans to ward off evil spirits (<i>aengmagi taeugi</i>, 액막이 태우기), bonfires (<i>daljip taeugi</i>, 달집 태우기).</td> <td>Day 15 of Month 1</td> <td>rice boiled with five grains (<i>o-gok-bap</i>, 오곡밥, 五穀飯), eating nuts, e.g. walnuts, pine nuts, peanuts, chestnuts (<i><a href="/wiki/Bureom" title="Bureom">bureom</a></i>, 부럼), wine drinking (<i>gwibalgisul</i>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Meoseumnal (<a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A8%B8%EC%8A%B4%EB%82%A0" class="extiw" title="ko:머슴날">머슴날</a>)</td> <td>Festival for servants</td> <td>Housecleaning, coming of age ceremony, fishermen's shaman rite (<i>yeongdeunggut</i>, 영등굿)</td> <td>Day 1 of Month 2</td> <td>stuffed pine-flavored rice cakes (<i><a href="/wiki/Songpyeon" title="Songpyeon">songpyeon</a></i>, 송편) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Samjinnal" class="mw-redirect" title="Samjinnal">Samjinnal</a> (삼짇날)</td> <td>Migrant swallows return</td> <td>Leg fighting, fortune telling.</td> <td>Day 3 of Month 3</td> <td>azalea wine (<i>dugyeonju</i>, 두견주, 杜鵑酒), azalea rice cake (<i>dugyeon <a href="/wiki/Hwajeon" title="Hwajeon">hwajeon</a></i>, 두견화전, 杜鵑花煎) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cold_Food_Festival#Korea" title="Cold Food Festival">Hansik/ Hanshik</a> <p>(한식, 寒食) </p> </td> <td>Beginning of farming season</td> <td>Visit to ancestral grave for offering rite, and cleaning and maintenance.</td> <td>Day 105 after <a href="/wiki/Winter_solstice" title="Winter solstice">winter solstice</a></td> <td>cold food only: mugwort cake (<i>ssuktteok</i>, 쑥떡), mugwort dumplings (<i>ssukdanja</i>, 쑥단자), mugwort soup (<i>ssuktang</i>, 쑥탕) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Buddha%27s_Birthday#Korea" title="Buddha's Birthday">Chopail (Cho-pa-il)</a> <p>(초파일, 初八日) </p><p>or <i>Seok-ga Tan-shin-il</i> </p><p>(석가탄신일; 釋迦誕生日) </p> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Buddha%27s_Birthday" title="Buddha's Birthday">Buddha's Birthday</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yeondeunghoe" title="Yeondeunghoe">Yeondeunghoe</a> (Lotus Lantern festival)</td> <td>Day 8 of Month 4</td> <td>rice cake (<i>jjintteok</i>, 찐떡), flower rice cake (<i><a href="/wiki/Hwajeon" title="Hwajeon">hwajeon</a></i>, 화전, 花煎) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dano_(Korean_festival)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dano (Korean festival)">Dano</a> <p>(단오, 端午) or <i>Surit-nal</i> (수릿날) </p> </td> <td>Spring festival</td> <td>Washing hair with <a href="/wiki/Iris_(plant)" title="Iris (plant)">iris</a> water, wrestling (<i><a href="/wiki/Ssireum" title="Ssireum">ssireum</a></i>, 씨름), swinging, giving fans as gifts</td> <td>Day 5 of Month 5</td> <td>rice cake with herbs (<i>surichwitteok</i>, 수리취떡), herring soup (<i>junchiguk</i>, 준치국) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Yudu <p>(유두, 流頭) </p> </td> <td>Water greeting</td> <td>Water greeting, washing hair to wash away bad luck</td> <td>Day 15 of Month 6</td> <td>Five coloured noodles (<i>yudumyeon</i>, 유두면), cooked rice cake (<i>sudan</i>, 수단, 水團) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chilseok" title="Chilseok">Chilseok</a> <p>(칠석, 七夕) </p> </td> <td>Meeting day of Gyeonwu and Jiknyeo, in Korean folk tale</td> <td>Fabric weaving</td> <td>Day 7 of Month 7</td> <td>wheat pancake (<i>miljeonbyeong</i>, 밀전병), steamed rice cake with red beans (<i><a href="/wiki/Sirutteok" class="mw-redirect" title="Sirutteok">sirutteok</a></i>, 시루떡) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ghost_Festival" title="Ghost Festival">Baekjung</a> <p>(백중, 百中) </p> </td> <td>Worship to Buddha</td> <td>Worship to Buddha.</td> <td>Day 15 of Month 7</td> <td>mixed rice cake (<i>seoktanbyeong</i>, 석탄병, 惜呑餠) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chuseok" title="Chuseok">Chuseok</a> <p>(추석, 秋夕) </p> </td> <td>Harvest festival</td> <td>Visit to ancestral grave, <i>ssireum</i>, offering earliest rice grain (<i>olbyeosinmi</i>, 올벼신미, --新味), circle dance (<i>ganggang sullae</i>, 강강술래)</td> <td>Day 15 of Month 8</td> <td>pine-flavored rice cake stuffed with chestnuts, sesame or beans (<i><a href="/wiki/Songpyeon" title="Songpyeon">songpyeon</a></i>, 송편), taro soup (<i>torantang</i>, 토란탕) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Double_Ninth_Festival" title="Double Ninth Festival">Jungyangjeol</a> <p>(중양절, 重陽節) </p> </td> <td>Migrant sparrows leave</td> <td>Celebrating autumn with poetry and painting, composing poetry, enjoying nature</td> <td>Day 9 of Month 9</td> <td>chrysanthemum pancake (<i>gukhwajeon</i>, 국화전, 菊花煎), fish roe (<i>eo-ran</i>, 어란, 魚卵), honey citron tea (<i><a href="/wiki/Yuja-cheong" class="mw-redirect" title="Yuja-cheong">yuja-cheong</a></i>, 유자청, 柚子淸) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dongzhi_(solar_term)" title="Dongzhi (solar term)">Dongji</a> <p>(동지, 冬至) </p> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Winter_Solstice" class="mw-redirect" title="Winter Solstice">Winter Solstice</a></td> <td>Rites to dispel bad spirits.</td> <td>Around December 22 in the solar calendar</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Red_bean_porridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Red bean porridge">red bean porridge</a> with rice dumplings (<i><a href="/wiki/Patjuk" title="Patjuk">patjuk</a></i>, 팥죽) </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Seot-dal Geum-eum</i> <p>(섣달그믐) </p> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Year%27s_Eve" title="New Year's Eve">New Year's Eve</a></td> <td>Staying up all night long with all doors open to receive ancestral spirits</td> <td>Last day of Month 12</td> <td>mixed rice with vegetables (<i><a href="/wiki/Bibimbap" title="Bibimbap">bibimbap</a></i>, 비빔밥), bean powder rice cakes (<i><a href="/wiki/Injeolmi" title="Injeolmi">injeolmi</a></i>, 인절미), traditional biscuits (<i><a href="/wiki/Hangwa" title="Hangwa">han-gwa</a></i>, 한과, 韓菓) </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>There are also many regional festivals celebrated according to the lunar calendar. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_calendar&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Festivals_of_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Festivals of Korea">Festivals of Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_era_name" title="Korean era name">Korean era name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexagenary_cycle" title="Sexagenary cycle">Sexagenary cycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_North_Korea" title="Public holidays in North Korea">Public holidays in North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_South_Korea" title="Public holidays in South Korea">Public holidays in South Korea</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_calendar&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREF이" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">이, 은성, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Article/E0036603">"역법 (曆法)"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Korean_Culture" title="Encyclopedia of Korean Culture">Encyclopedia of Korean Culture</a></i> (in Korean), <a href="/wiki/Academy_of_Korean_Studies" title="Academy of Korean Studies">Academy of Korean Studies</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-06-30</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+of+Korean+Culture&rft.atitle=%EC%97%AD%EB%B2%95+%28%E6%9B%86%E6%B3%95%29&rft.aulast=%EC%9D%B4&rft.aufirst=%EC%9D%80%EC%84%B1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fencykorea.aks.ac.kr%2FArticle%2FE0036603&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span 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University of Hawaii Press. 86. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780824826949" title="Special:BookSources/9780824826949"><bdi>9780824826949</bdi></a>. <q>...Korean calendars Calendars were adopted from China...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Korean+Language+in+Culture+and+Society&rft.pages=86&rft.pub=University+of+Hawaii+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=9780824826949&rft.aulast=Sohn&rft.aufirst=Ho-min&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DH4CsWDEi52IC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReingold2008" class="citation book cs1">Reingold, Edward (2008). <a href="/wiki/Calendrical_Calculations" title="Calendrical Calculations"><i>Calendrical Calculations</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. 269. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780521885409" title="Special:BookSources/9780521885409"><bdi>9780521885409</bdi></a>. <q>... Korea used the Chinese calendar for ...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Calendrical+Calculations&rft.pages=269&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9780521885409&rft.aulast=Reingold&rft.aufirst=Edward&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSohn2006" class="citation book cs1">Sohn, Ho-min (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=H4CsWDEi52IC&pg=PA91">"Korean Terms for Calendar and Horary Signs, Holidays and Seasons"</a>. <i>Korean Language and Culture in Society</i>. University of Hawaii Press. pp. 91–92. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780824826949" title="Special:BookSources/9780824826949"><bdi>9780824826949</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Korean+Terms+for+Calendar+and+Horary+Signs%2C+Holidays+and+Seasons&rft.btitle=Korean+Language+and+Culture+in+Society&rft.pages=91-92&rft.pub=University+of+Hawaii+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=9780824826949&rft.aulast=Sohn&rft.aufirst=Ho-min&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DH4CsWDEi52IC%26pg%3DPA91&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <ul><li>Pyeon, Prof. M. Y. <i>The Folkloric Study of Chopail (Buddha's Birthday)</i>. Seoul: Minsokwon, 2002.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Calendars" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Calendars" title="Template:Calendars"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Calendars" title="Template talk:Calendars"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Calendars" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Calendars"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Calendars" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Calendar" title="Calendar">Calendars</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_calendar" title="Lunar calendar">Lunar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunisolar_calendar" title="Lunisolar calendar">Lunisolar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_calendar" title="Solar calendar">Solar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In wide use</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astronomical_year_numbering" title="Astronomical year numbering">Astronomical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_calendar" title="Buddhist calendar">Buddhist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_calendar" title="Chinese calendar">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_calendar" title="Ethiopian calendar">Ethiopian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_calendar" title="Hindu calendar">Hindu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Lunar Hijri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Hijri_calendar" title="Solar Hijri calendar">Solar Hijri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO_week_date" title="ISO week date">ISO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unix_time" title="Unix time">Unix time</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">In more<br />limited use</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akan_calendar" title="Akan calendar">Akan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_calendar" title="Armenian calendar">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assamese_calendar" title="Assamese calendar">Assamese (Bhāshkarābda)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_calendar" title="Assyrian calendar">Assyrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_calendar" title="Baháʼí calendar">Baháʼí</a> <ul><li>Badí‘</li></ul></li> <li>Bali <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pawukon_calendar" title="Pawukon calendar">Pawukon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balinese_saka_calendar" title="Balinese saka calendar">Saka</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_calendars" title="Bengali calendars">Bengali</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangladeshi calendar">Bangladeshi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berber_calendar" title="Berber calendar">Berber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borana_calendar" title="Borana calendar">Borana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burmese_calendar" title="Burmese calendar">Burmese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_calendar" title="Chinese calendar">Chinese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Earthly_Branches" title="Earthly Branches">Earthly Branches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heavenly_Stems" title="Heavenly Stems">Heavenly Stems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_calendar" title="Republic of China calendar">Minguo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_term" title="Solar term">Solar term</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heathen_holidays" title="Heathen holidays">Germanic heathen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_calendar" title="Georgian calendar">Georgian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_calendar" title="Hebrew calendar">Hebrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_calendar" title="Hindu calendar">Hindu</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat">Vikram Samvat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_national_calendar" title="Indian national calendar">Saka</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hmong_calendar" title="Hmong calendar">Hmong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igbo_calendar" title="Igbo calendar">Igbo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_calendars" title="Iranian calendars">Iranian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jalali_calendar" title="Jalali calendar">Jalali</a> <ul><li>medieval</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoroastrian_calendar" title="Zoroastrian calendar">Zoroastrian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_calendar" title="Irish calendar">Irish</a> <ul><li>Gaelic</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Islamic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fasli_calendar" title="Fasli calendar">Fasli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabular_Islamic_calendar" title="Tabular Islamic calendar">Tabular</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vira_Nirvana_Samvat" title="Vira Nirvana Samvat">Jain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_calendar" title="Japanese calendar">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Javanese_calendar" title="Javanese calendar">Javanese</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Korean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Juche_calendar" title="Juche calendar">Juche</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_calendar" title="Kurdish calendar">Kurdish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_calendar" title="Lithuanian calendar">Lithuanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirhuta_Panchang" title="Tirhuta Panchang">Maithili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malayalam_calendar" title="Malayalam calendar">Malayalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandaean_calendar" title="Mandaean calendar">Mandaean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meitei_calendar" title="Meitei calendar">Manipuri (Meitei)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melanau_calendar" title="Melanau calendar">Melanau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_calendar" title="Mongolian calendar">Mongolian</a></li> <li>Nepal <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nepal_Sambat" title="Nepal Sambat">Nepal Sambat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat">Vikram Samvat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yele_Sambat" title="Yele Sambat">Yele Sambat</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nisga%27a#Nisga’a_calendar/life" title="Nisga'a">Nisg̱a'a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odia_calendar" title="Odia calendar">Odia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punjabi_calendar" title="Punjabi calendar">Punjabi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nanakshahi_calendar" title="Nanakshahi calendar">Nanakshahi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_calendar" title="Romanian calendar">Romanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shona_calendar" title="Shona calendar">Shona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somali_calendar" title="Somali calendar">Somali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sotho_calendar" title="Sotho calendar">Sesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavic_calendar" title="Slavic calendar">Slavic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Slavic_Native_Faith%27s_calendars_and_holidays" title="Slavic Native Faith's calendars and holidays">Slavic Native Faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_months" title="Macedonian months">Macedonian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_calendar" title="Tamil calendar">Tamil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_calendar" title="Thai calendar">Thai</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thai_lunar_calendar" title="Thai lunar calendar">lunar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_solar_calendar" title="Thai solar calendar">solar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_calendar" title="Tibetan calendar">Tibetan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripuri_calendar" title="Tripuri calendar">Tripuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulu_calendar" title="Tulu calendar">Tulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_calendar" title="Vietnamese calendar">Vietnamese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheel_of_the_Year" title="Wheel of the Year">Wicca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xhosa_calendar" title="Xhosa calendar">Xhosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoruba_calendar" title="Yoruba calendar">Yoruba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zulu_calendar" title="Zulu calendar">Zulu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Runic_calendar" title="Runic calendar">Runic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesoamerican_calendars" title="Mesoamerican calendars">Mesoamerican</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mesoamerican_Long_Count_calendar" title="Mesoamerican Long Count calendar">Long Count</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_round" class="mw-redirect" title="Calendar round">Calendar round</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Christian variants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_calendar" title="Coptic calendar">Coptic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_calendar" title="Ethiopian calendar">Ethiopian and Eritrean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Revised_Julian_calendar" title="Revised Julian calendar">Revised</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_year" title="Liturgical year">Liturgical year</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_liturgical_calendar" title="Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar">Eastern Orthodox</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints" title="Calendar of saints">Saints</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pre-Islamic_Arabian_calendar" title="Pre-Islamic Arabian calendar">Arabian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attic_calendar" title="Attic calendar">Attic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aztec_calendar" title="Aztec calendar">Aztec</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/T%C5%8Dnalp%C5%8Dhualli" title="Tōnalpōhualli">Tōnalpōhualli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiuhp%C5%8Dhualli" title="Xiuhpōhualli">Xiuhpōhualli</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babylonian_calendar" title="Babylonian calendar">Babylonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgar_calendar" title="Bulgar calendar">Bulgar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_calendar" title="Byzantine calendar">Byzantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cappadocian_calendar" title="Cappadocian calendar">Cappadocian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_calendar" title="Celtic calendar">Celtic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cham_calendar" title="Cham calendar">Cham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chula_Sakarat" title="Chula Sakarat">Culāsakaraj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coligny_calendar" title="Coligny calendar">Coligny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_calendar" title="Egyptian calendar">Egyptian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enoch_calendar" title="Enoch calendar">Enoch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florentine_calendar" title="Florentine calendar">Florentine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Republican_calendar" title="French Republican calendar">French Republican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germanic_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Germanic calendar">Germanic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_calendars" title="Ancient Greek calendars">Greek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_calendar" title="Hindu calendar">Hindu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inca_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Inca calendar">Inca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Macedonian_calendar" title="Ancient Macedonian calendar">Macedonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_calendar" title="Maya calendar">Maya</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haab%CA%BC" title="Haabʼ">Haabʼ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tzolk%CA%BCin" title="Tzolkʼin">Tzolkʼin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_calendar" title="Muisca calendar">Muisca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentecontad_calendar" title="Pentecontad calendar">Pentecontad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pisan_calendar" title="Pisan calendar">Pisan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qumran_calendrical_texts" title="Qumran calendrical texts">Qumran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapa_Nui_calendar" title="Rapa Nui calendar">Rapa Nui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_calendar" title="Roman calendar">Roman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumi_calendar" title="Rumi calendar"><i>Rumi</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexagenary_cycle" title="Sexagenary cycle">Sexagenary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_calendar" title="Soviet calendar">Soviet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_calendar" title="Swedish calendar">Swedish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_renaming_of_Turkmen_months_and_days_of_week" title="2002 renaming of Turkmen months and days of week">Turkmen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By specialty</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holocene_calendar" title="Holocene calendar">Holocene</a> <ul><li>anthropological</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proleptic_Gregorian_calendar" title="Proleptic Gregorian calendar">Proleptic Gregorian</a> / <a href="/wiki/Proleptic_Julian_calendar" title="Proleptic Julian calendar">Proleptic Julian</a> <ul><li>historiographical</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darian_calendar" title="Darian calendar">Darian</a> <ul><li>Martian</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dreamspell" title="Dreamspell">Dreamspell</a> <ul><li>New Age</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discordian_calendar" title="Discordian calendar">Discordian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%27Pataphysics#Pataphysical_calendar" title="'Pataphysics">'Pataphysical</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Calendar_reform" title="Calendar reform">Reform proposals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hanke%E2%80%93Henry_Permanent_Calendar" title="Hanke–Henry Permanent Calendar">Hanke–Henry Permanent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Fixed_Calendar" title="International Fixed Calendar">International Fixed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pax_Calendar" title="Pax Calendar">Pax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Positivist_calendar" title="Positivist calendar">Positivist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symmetry454" title="Symmetry454">Symmetry454</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Calendar" title="World Calendar">World</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Displays and<br />applications</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calendaring_software" class="mw-redirect" title="Calendaring software">Electronic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perpetual_calendar" title="Perpetual calendar">Perpetual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_(stationery)" title="Calendar (stationery)">Wall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Year naming<br />and numbering</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Terminology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_era" title="Calendar era">Era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epoch" title="Epoch">Epoch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leap_year" title="Leap year">Leap year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Year" title="New Year">New Year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regnal_name" title="Regnal name">Regnal name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regnal_year" title="Regnal year">Regnal year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Year_zero" title="Year zero">Year zero</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ab_urbe_condita" title="Ab urbe condita">Ab urbe condita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anka_year" title="Anka year">Anka year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anno_Domini" title="Anno Domini">Anno Domini</a>/<a href="/wiki/Common_Era" title="Common Era">Common Era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anno_Lucis" title="Anno Lucis">Anno Lucis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Era_of_the_Martyrs" title="Era of the Martyrs">Anno Martyrum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anno_Mundi" title="Anno Mundi">Anno Mundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eponym_dating_system" title="Eponym dating system">Assyrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Before_Present" title="Before Present">Before Present</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_era_name" title="Chinese era name">Chinese Imperial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_calendar" title="Republic of China calendar">Chinese Minguo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regnal_years_of_English_and_British_monarchs" title="Regnal years of English and British monarchs">English and British regnal year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hijri_year" title="Hijri year">Hijri year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holocene_calendar" title="Holocene calendar">Human (Holocene)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_era_name" title="Japanese era name">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_era_name" title="Korean era name">Korean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nirayana_system" title="Nirayana system">Nirayana system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seleucid_era" title="Seleucid era">Seleucid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_era" title="Spanish era">Spanish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuga" title="Yuga">Yugas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Satya_Yuga" title="Satya Yuga">Satya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treta_Yuga" title="Treta Yuga">Treta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dvapara_Yuga" title="Dvapara Yuga">Dvapara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kali_Yuga" title="Kali Yuga">Kali</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_era_name" title="Vietnamese era name">Vietnamese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fictional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Discworld_(world)#Calendar" title="Discworld (world)">Discworld</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Discworld" title="Discworld">Discworld</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flanaess#Calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Flanaess">Greyhawk</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Dungeons_%26_Dragons" title="Dungeons & Dragons">Dungeons & Dragons</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle-earth_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Middle-earth calendar">Middle-earth</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/The_Lord_of_the_Rings" title="The Lord of the Rings">The Lord of the Rings</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stardate" title="Stardate">Stardate</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek" title="Star Trek">Star Trek</a></i>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_calendars" title="List of calendars">List of calendars</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" 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