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pentangle</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: planner's pentangle"> <meta name="keywords" content="planner's pentangle"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="planner's pentangle"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 43</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: planner's pentangle</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">43</span> The Planner's Pentangle: A Proposal for a 21st-Century Model of Planning for Sustainable Development </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sonia%20Hirt">Sonia Hirt</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Planner's Triangle, an oft-cited model that visually defined planning as the search for sustainability to balance the three basic priorities of equity, economy, and environment, has influenced planning theory and practice for a quarter of a century. In this essay, we argue that the triangle requires updating and expansion. Even if planners keep sustainability as their key core aspiration at the center of their imaginary geometry, the triangle's vertices have to be rethought. Planners should move on to a 21st-century concept. We propose a Planner's Pentangle with five basic priorities as vertices of a new conceptual polygon. These five priorities are Wellbeing, Equity, Economy, Environment, and Esthetics (WE⁴). The WE⁴ concept more accurately and fully represents planning’s history. This is especially true in the United States, where public art and public health played pivotal roles in the establishment of the profession in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It also more accurately represents planning’s future. Both health/wellness and aesthetic concerns are becoming increasingly important in the 21st century. The pentangle can become an effective tool for understanding and visualizing planning's history and present. Planning has a long history of representing urban presents and future as conceptual models in visual form. Such models can play an important role in understanding and shaping practice. For over two decades, one such model, the Planner's Triangle, stood apart as the expression of planning's pursuit for sustainability. But if the model is outdated and insufficiently robust, it can diminish our understanding of planning practice, as well as the appreciation of the profession among non-planners. Thus, we argue for a new conceptual model of what planners do. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title="sustainable development">sustainable development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=planning%20for%20sustainable%20development" title=" planning for sustainable development"> planning for sustainable development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=planner%27s%20triangle" title=" planner's triangle"> planner's triangle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=planner%27s%20pentangle" title=" planner's pentangle"> planner's pentangle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=planning%20and%20health" title=" planning and health"> planning and health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=planning%20and%20art" title=" planning and art"> planning and art</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=planning%20history" title=" planning history"> planning history</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129290/the-planners-pentangle-a-proposal-for-a-21st-century-model-of-planning-for-sustainable-development" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129290.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">140</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">42</span> Using Trip Planners in Developing Proper Transportation Behavior</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Grzegorz%20Sierpi%C5%84ski">Grzegorz Sierpiński</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ireneusz%20Celi%C5%84ski"> Ireneusz Celiński</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marcin%20Staniek"> Marcin Staniek</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The article discusses multi modal mobility in contemporary societies as a main planning and organization issue in the functioning of administrative bodies, a problem which really exists in the space of contemporary cities in terms of shaping modern transport systems. The article presents classification of available resources and initiatives undertaken for developing multi modal mobility. Solutions can be divided into three groups of measures–physical measures in the form of changes of the transport network infrastructure, organizational ones (including transport policy) and information measures. The latter ones include in particular direct support for people travelling in the transport network by providing information about ways of using available means of transport. A special measure contributing to this end is a trip planner. The article compares several selected planners. It includes a short description of the Green Travelling Project, which aims at developing a planner supporting environmentally friendly solutions in terms of transport network operation. The article summarizes preliminary findings of the project. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobility" title="mobility">mobility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modal%20split" title=" modal split"> modal split</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multimodal%20trip" title=" multimodal trip"> multimodal trip</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multimodal%20platforms" title=" multimodal platforms"> multimodal platforms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20transport" title=" sustainable transport"> sustainable transport</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15575/using-trip-planners-in-developing-proper-transportation-behavior" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15575.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">411</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">41</span> The Invisible Planner: Unearthing the Informal Dynamics Shaping Mixed-Use and Compact Development in Ghanaian Cities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muwaffaq%20Usman%20Adam">Muwaffaq Usman Adam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isaac%20Quaye"> Isaac Quaye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jim%20Anbazu"> Jim Anbazu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yetimoni%20Kpeebi"> Yetimoni Kpeebi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Osei-Assibey"> Michael Osei-Assibey</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Urban informality, characterized by spontaneous and self-organized practices, plays a significant but often overlooked role in shaping the development of cities, particularly in the context of mixed-use and compact urban environments. This paper aims to explore the invisible planning processes inherent in informal practices and their influence on the urban form of Ghanaian cities. By examining the dynamic interplay between informality and formal planning, the study will discuss the ways in which informal actors shape and plan for mixed-use and compact development. Drawing on the synthesis of relevant secondary data, the research will begin by defining urban informality and identifying the factors that contribute to its prevalence in Ghanaian cities. It will delve into the concept of mixed-use and compact development, highlighting its benefits and importance in urban areas. Drawing on case studies, the paper will uncover the hidden planning processes that occur within informal settlements, showcasing their impact on the physical layout, land use, and spatial arrangements of Ghanaian cities. The study will also uncover the challenges and opportunities associated with informal planning. It examines the constraints faced by informal planners (actors) while also exploring the potential benefits and opportunities that emerge when informality is integrated into formal planning frameworks. By understanding the invisible planner, the research will offer valuable insights into how informal practices can contribute to sustainable and inclusive urban development. Based on the findings, the paper will present policy implications and recommendations. It highlights the need to bridge the policy gaps and calls for the recognition of informal planning practices within formal systems. Strategies are proposed to integrate informality into planning frameworks, fostering collaboration between formal and informal actors to achieve compact and mixed-use development in Ghanaian cities. This research underscores the importance of recognizing and leveraging the invisible planner in Ghanaian cities. By embracing informal planning practices, cities can achieve more sustainable, inclusive, and vibrant urban environments that meet the diverse needs of their residents. This research will also contribute to a deeper understanding of the complex dynamics between informality and planning, advocating for inclusive and collaborative approaches that harness the strengths of both formal and informal actors. The findings will likewise contribute to advancing our understanding of informality's role as an invisible yet influential planner, shedding light on its spatial planning implications on Ghanaian cities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=informality" title="informality">informality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixed-uses" title=" mixed-uses"> mixed-uses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compact%20development" title=" compact development"> compact development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=land%20use" title=" land use"> land use</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ghana" title=" ghana"> ghana</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168751/the-invisible-planner-unearthing-the-informal-dynamics-shaping-mixed-use-and-compact-development-in-ghanaian-cities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168751.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">124</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">40</span> Ocean Planner: A Web-Based Decision Aid to Design Measures to Best Mitigate Underwater Noise</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thomas%20Folegot">Thomas Folegot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arnaud%20Levaufre"> Arnaud Levaufre</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L%C3%A9na%20Bourven"> Léna Bourven</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nicolas%20Kermagoret"> Nicolas Kermagoret</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexis%20Caillard"> Alexis Caillard</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roger%20Gallou"> Roger Gallou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Concern for negative impacts of anthropogenic noise on the ocean’s ecosystems has increased over the recent decades. This concern leads to a similar increased willingness to regulate noise-generating activities, of which shipping is one of the most significant. Dealing with ship noise requires not only knowledge about the noise from individual ships, but also how the ship noise is distributed in time and space within the habitats of concern. Marine mammals, but also fish, sea turtles, larvae and invertebrates are mostly dependent on the sounds they use to hunt, feed, avoid predators, during reproduction to socialize and communicate, or to defend a territory. In the marine environment, sight is only useful up to a few tens of meters, whereas sound can propagate over hundreds or even thousands of kilometers. Directive 2008/56/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of June 17, 2008 called the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) require the Member States of the European Union to take the necessary measures to reduce the impacts of maritime activities to achieve and maintain a good environmental status of the marine environment. The Ocean-Planner is a web-based platform that provides to regulators, managers of protected or sensitive areas, etc. with a decision support tool that enable to anticipate and quantify the effectiveness of management measures in terms of reduction or modification the distribution of underwater noise, in response to Descriptor 11 of the MSFD and to the Marine Spatial Planning Directive. Based on the operational sound modelling tool Quonops Online Service, Ocean-Planner allows the user via an intuitive geographical interface to define management measures at local (Marine Protected Area, Natura 2000 sites, Harbors, etc.) or global (Particularly Sensitive Sea Area) scales, seasonal (regulation over a period of time) or permanent, partial (focused to some maritime activities) or complete (all maritime activities), etc. Speed limit, exclusion area, traffic separation scheme (TSS), and vessel sound level limitation are among the measures supported be the tool. Ocean Planner help to decide on the most effective measure to apply to maintain or restore the biodiversity and the functioning of the ecosystems of the coastal seabed, maintain a good state of conservation of sensitive areas and maintain or restore the populations of marine species. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=underwater%20noise" title="underwater noise">underwater noise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marine%20biodiversity" title=" marine biodiversity"> marine biodiversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marine%20spatial%20planning" title=" marine spatial planning"> marine spatial planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mitigation%20measures" title=" mitigation measures"> mitigation measures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prediction" title=" prediction"> prediction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157221/ocean-planner-a-web-based-decision-aid-to-design-measures-to-best-mitigate-underwater-noise" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157221.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">122</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">39</span> TimeTune: Personalized Study Plans Generation with Google Calendar Integration</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chevon%20Fernando">Chevon Fernando</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Banuka%20Athuraliya"> Banuka Athuraliya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this research is to provide a solution to the students’ time management, which usually becomes an issue because students must study and manage their personal commitments. "TimeTune," an AI-based study planner that provides an opportunity to maneuver study timeframes by incorporating modern machine learning algorithms with calendar applications, is unveiled as the ideal solution. The research is focused on the development of LSTM models that connect to the Google Calendar API in the process of developing learning paths that would be fit for a unique student's daily life experience and study history. A key finding of this research is the success in building the LSTM model to predict optimal study times, which, integrating with the real-time data of Google Calendar, will generate the timetables automatically in a personalized and customized manner. The methodology encompasses Agile development practices and Object-Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD) principles, focusing on user-centric design and iterative development. By adopting this method, students can significantly reduce the tension associated with poor study habits and time management. In conclusion, "TimeTune" displays an advanced step in personalized education technology. The fact that its application of ML algorithms and calendar integration is quite innovative is slowly and steadily revolutionizing the lives of students. The excellence of maintaining a balanced academic and personal life is stress reduction, which the applications promise to provide for students when it comes to managing their studies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personalized%20learning" title="personalized learning">personalized learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=study%20planner" title=" study planner"> study planner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20management" title=" time management"> time management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calendar%20integration" title=" calendar integration"> calendar integration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185394/timetune-personalized-study-plans-generation-with-google-calendar-integration" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185394.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">49</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">38</span> Cars in a Neighborhood: A Case of Sustainable Living in Sector 22 Chandigarh</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maninder%20Singh">Maninder Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Chandigarh city is under the strain of exponential growth of car density across various neighborhood. The consumerist nature of society today is to be blamed for this menace because everyone wants to own and ride a car. Car manufacturers are busy selling two or more cars per household. The Regional Transport Offices are busy issuing as many licenses to new vehicles as they can in order to generate revenue in the form of Road Tax. The car traffic in the neighborhoods of Chandigarh has reached a tipping point. There needs to be a more empirical and sustainable model of cars per household, which should be based on specific parameters of livable neighborhoods. Sector 22 in Chandigarh is one of the first residential sectors to be established in the city. There is scope to think, reflect, and work out a method to know how many cars we need to sell our citizens before we lose the argument to traffic problems, parking problems, and road rage. This is where the true challenge of a planner or a designer of the city lies. Currently, in Chandigarh city, there are no clear visible answers to this problem. The way forward is to look at spatial mapping, planning, and design of car parking units to address the problem, rather than suggesting extreme measures of banning cars (short-term) or promoting plans for citywide transport (very long-term). This is a chance to resolve the problem with a pragmatic approach from a citizen’s perspective, instead of an orthodox development planner’s methodology. Since citizens are at the center of how the problem is to be addressed, acceptable solutions are more likely to emerge from the car and traffic problem as defined by the citizens. Thus, the idea and its implementation would be interesting in comparison to the known academic methodologies. The novel and innovative process would lead to a more acceptable and sustainable approach to the issue of number of car parks in the neighborhood of Chandigarh city. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cars" title="cars">cars</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chandigarh" title=" Chandigarh"> Chandigarh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neighborhood" title=" neighborhood"> neighborhood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20living" title=" sustainable living"> sustainable living</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=walkability" title=" walkability"> walkability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83225/cars-in-a-neighborhood-a-case-of-sustainable-living-in-sector-22-chandigarh" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83225.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">148</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">37</span> Method for Requirements Analysis and Decision Making for Restructuring Projects in Factories</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rene%20Hellmuth">Rene Hellmuth</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The requirements for the factory planning and the building concerned have changed in the last years. Factory planning has the task of designing products, plants, processes, organization, areas, and the building of a factory. Regular restructuring gains more importance in order to maintain the competitiveness of a factory. Restrictions regarding new areas, shorter life cycles of product and production technology as well as a VUCA (volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity) world cause more frequently occurring rebuilding measures within a factory. Restructuring of factories is the most common planning case today. Restructuring is more common than new construction, revitalization and dismantling of factories. The increasing importance of restructuring processes shows that the ability to change was and is a promising concept for the reaction of companies to permanently changing conditions. The factory building is the basis for most changes within a factory. If an adaptation of a construction project (factory) is necessary, the inventory documents must be checked and often time-consuming planning of the adaptation must take place to define the relevant components to be adapted, in order to be able to finally evaluate them. The different requirements of the planning participants from the disciplines of factory planning (production planner, logistics planner, automation planner) and industrial construction planning (architect, civil engineer) come together during reconstruction and must be structured. This raises the research question: Which requirements do the disciplines involved in the reconstruction planning place on a digital factory model? A subordinate research question is: How can model-based decision support be provided for a more efficient design of the conversion within a factory? Because of the high adaptation rate of factories and its building described above, a methodology for rescheduling factories based on the requirements engineering method from software development is conceived and designed for practical application in factory restructuring projects. The explorative research procedure according to Kubicek is applied. Explorative research is suitable if the practical usability of the research results has priority. Furthermore, it will be shown how to best use a digital factory model in practice. The focus will be on mobile applications to meet the needs of factory planners on site. An augmented reality (AR) application will be designed and created to provide decision support for planning variants. The aim is to contribute to a shortening of the planning process and model-based decision support for more efficient change management. This requires the application of a methodology that reduces the deficits of the existing approaches. The time and cost expenditure are represented in the AR tablet solution based on a building information model (BIM). Overall, the requirements of those involved in the planning process for a digital factory model in the case of restructuring within a factory are thus first determined in a structured manner. The results are then applied and transferred to a construction site solution based on augmented reality. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=augmented%20reality" title="augmented reality">augmented reality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20factory%20model" title=" digital factory model"> digital factory model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=factory%20planning" title=" factory planning"> factory planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=restructuring" title=" restructuring"> restructuring</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111653/method-for-requirements-analysis-and-decision-making-for-restructuring-projects-in-factories" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111653.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">134</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">36</span> Integrating Dependent Material Planning Cycle into Building Information Management: A Building Information Management-Based Material Management Automation Framework</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faris%20Elghaish">Faris Elghaish</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sepehr%20Abrishami"> Sepehr Abrishami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mark%20Gaterell"> Mark Gaterell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Richard%20Wise"> Richard Wise</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The collaboration and integration between all building information management (BIM) processes and tasks are necessary to ensure that all project objectives can be delivered. The literature review has been used to explore the state of the art BIM technologies to manage construction materials as well as the challenges which have faced the construction process using traditional methods. Thus, this paper aims to articulate a framework to integrate traditional material planning methods such as ABC analysis theory (Pareto principle) to analyse and categorise the project materials, as well as using independent material planning methods such as Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) and Fixed Order Point (FOP) into the BIM 4D, and 5D capabilities in order to articulate a dependent material planning cycle into BIM, which relies on the constructability method. Moreover, we build a model to connect between the material planning outputs and the BIM 4D and 5D data to ensure that all project information will be accurately presented throughout integrated and complementary BIM reporting formats. Furthermore, this paper will present a method to integrate between the risk management output and the material management process to ensure that all critical materials are monitored and managed under the all project stages. The paper includes browsers which are proposed to be embedded in any 4D BIM platform in order to predict the EOQ as well as FOP and alarm the user during the construction stage. This enables the planner to check the status of the materials on the site as well as to get alarm when the new order will be requested. Therefore, this will lead to manage all the project information in a single context and avoid missing any information at early design stage. Subsequently, the planner will be capable of building a more reliable 4D schedule by allocating the categorised material with the required EOQ to check the optimum locations for inventory and the temporary construction facilitates. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=building%20information%20management" title="building information management">building information management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BIM" title=" BIM"> BIM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20order%20quantity" title=" economic order quantity"> economic order quantity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EOQ" title=" EOQ"> EOQ</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fixed%20order%20point" title=" fixed order point"> fixed order point</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FOP" title=" FOP"> FOP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BIM%204D" title=" BIM 4D"> BIM 4D</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BIM%205D" title=" BIM 5D"> BIM 5D</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90841/integrating-dependent-material-planning-cycle-into-building-information-management-a-building-information-management-based-material-management-automation-framework" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90841.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">172</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">35</span> Dosimetric Dependence on the Collimator Angle in Prostate Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Isa%20Khan">Muhammad Isa Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jalil%20Ur%20Rehman"> Jalil Ur Rehman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Afzal%20Khan%20Rao"> Muhammad Afzal Khan Rao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=James%20Chow"> James Chow</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose: This study investigates the dose-volume variations in planning target volume (PTV) and organs-at-risk (OARs) using different collimator angles for smart arc prostate volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT). Awareness of the collimator angle for PTV and OARs sparing is essential for the planner because optimization contains numerous treatment constraints producing a complex, unstable and computationally challenging problem throughout its examination of an optimal plan in a rational time. Materials and Methods: Single arc VMAT plans at different collimator angles varied systematically (0°-90°) were performed on a Harold phantom and a new treatment plan is optimized for each collimator angle. We analyzed the conformity index (CI), homogeneity index (HI), gradient index (GI), monitor units (MUs), dose-volume histogram, mean and maximum doses to PTV. We also explored OARs (e.g. bladder, rectum and femoral heads), dose-volume criteria in the treatment plan (e.g. D30%, D50%, V30Gy and V38Gy of bladder and rectum; D5%,V14Gy and V22Gy of femoral heads), dose-volume histogram, mean and maximum doses for smart arc VMAT at different collimator angles. Results: There was no significance difference found in VMAT optimization at all studied collimator angles. However, if 0.5% accuracy is concerned then collimator angle = 45° provides higher CI and lower HI. Collimator angle = 15° also provides lower HI values like collimator angle 45°. It is seen that collimator angle = 75° is established as a good for rectum and right femur sparing. Collimator angle = 90° and collimator angle = 30° were found good for rectum and left femur sparing respectively. The PTV dose coverage statistics for each plan are comparatively independent of the collimator angles. Conclusion: It is concluded that this study will help the planner to have freedom to choose any collimator angle from (0°-90°) for PTV coverage and select a suitable collimator angle to spare OARs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VMAT" title="VMAT">VMAT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dose-volume%20histogram" title=" dose-volume histogram"> dose-volume histogram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collimator%20angle" title=" collimator angle"> collimator angle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organs-at-risk" title=" organs-at-risk"> organs-at-risk</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5950/dosimetric-dependence-on-the-collimator-angle-in-prostate-volumetric-modulated-arc-therapy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5950.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">512</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">34</span> Robust Control of a Parallel 3-RRR Robotic Manipulator via μ-Synthesis Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Abbasi%20Moshaii">A. Abbasi Moshaii</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Soltan%20Rezaee"> M. Soltan Rezaee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Mohammadi%20Moghaddam"> M. Mohammadi Moghaddam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Control of some mechanisms is hard because of their complex dynamic equations. If part of the complexity is resulting from uncertainties, an efficient way for solving that is robust control. By this way, the control procedure could be simple and fast and finally, a simple controller can be designed. One kind of these mechanisms is 3-<u>R</u>RR which is a parallel mechanism and has three revolute joints. This paper aims to robust control a 3-<u>R</u>RR planner mechanism and it presents that this could be used for other mechanisms. So, a significant problem in mechanisms control could be solved. The relevant diagrams are drawn and they show the correctness of control process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3-RRR" title="3-RRR">3-RRR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20equations" title=" dynamic equations"> dynamic equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanisms%20control" title=" mechanisms control"> mechanisms control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20uncertainty" title=" structural uncertainty"> structural uncertainty</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51492/robust-control-of-a-parallel-3-rrr-robotic-manipulator-via-m-synthesis-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51492.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">557</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">33</span> Beyond Possibilities: Re-Reading Republican Ankara</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zelal%20%C3%87%C4%B1nar">Zelal Çınar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper aims to expose the effects of the ideological program of Turkish Republic on city planning, through the first plan of Ankara. As the new capital, Ankara was planned to be the ‘showcase’ of modern Turkey. It was to represent all new ideologies and the country’s cultural similarities with the west. At the same time it was to underline the national identity and independence of Turkish republic. To this end, a new plan for the capital was designed by German city planner Carl Christopher Lörcher. Diametrically opposed with the existing fabric of the city, this plan was built on the basis of papers and plans, on ideological aims. On the contrary, this paper argues that the city is a machine of possibilities, rather than a clear, materialized system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=architecture" title="architecture">architecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ideology" title=" ideology"> ideology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modernization" title=" modernization"> modernization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20planning" title=" urban planning"> urban planning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7519/beyond-possibilities-re-reading-republican-ankara" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7519.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">273</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">32</span> Standardizing and Achieving Protocol Objectives for ChestWall Radiotherapy Treatment Planning Process using an O-ring Linac in High-, Low- and Middle-income Countries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Milton%20Ixquiac">Milton Ixquiac</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erick%20Montenegro"> Erick Montenegro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Francisco%20Reynoso"> Francisco Reynoso</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matthew%20Schmidt"> Matthew Schmidt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thomas%20Mazur"> Thomas Mazur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tianyu%20Zhao"> Tianyu Zhao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hiram%20Gay"> Hiram Gay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Geoffrey%20Hugo"> Geoffrey Hugo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lauren%20Henke"> Lauren Henke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeff%20Michael%20Michalski"> Jeff Michael Michalski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Angel%20Velarde"> Angel Velarde</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vicky%20de%20Falla"> Vicky de Falla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Franky%20Reyes"> Franky Reyes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Osmar%20Hernandez"> Osmar Hernandez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Edgar%20Aparicio%20Ruiz"> Edgar Aparicio Ruiz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Baozhou%20Sun"> Baozhou Sun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose: Radiotherapy departments in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) like Guatemala have recently introduced intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). IMRT has become the standard of care in high-income countries (HIC) due to reduced toxicity and improved outcomes in some cancers. The purpose of this work is to show the agreement between the dosimetric results shown in the Dose Volume Histograms (DVH) to the objectives proposed in the adopted protocol. This is the initial experience with an O-ring Linac. Methods and Materials: An O-Linac Linac was installed at our clinic in Guatemala in 2019 and has been used to treat approximately 90 patients daily with IMRT. This Linac is a completely Image Guided Device since to deliver each radiotherapy session must take a Mega Voltage Cone Beam Computerized Tomography (MVCBCT). In each MVCBCT, the Linac deliver 9 UM, and they are taken into account while performing the planning. To start the standardization, the TG263 was employed in the nomenclature and adopted a hypofractionated protocol to treat ChestWall, including supraclavicular nodes achieving 40.05Gy in 15 fractions. The planning was developed using 4 semiarcs from 179-305 degrees. The planner must create optimization volumes for targets and Organs at Risk (OARs); the difficulty for the planner was the dose base due to the MVCBCT. To evaluate the planning modality, we used 30 chestwall cases. Results: The plans created manually achieve the protocol objectives. The protocol objectives are the same as the RTOG1005, and the DHV curves look clinically acceptable. Conclusions: Despite the O-ring Linac doesn´t have the capacity to obtain kv images, the cone beam CT was created using MV energy, the dose delivered by the daily image setup process still without affect the dosimetric quality of the plans, and the dose distribution is acceptable achieving the protocol objectives. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hypofrationation" title="hypofrationation">hypofrationation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VMAT" title=" VMAT"> VMAT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chestwall" title=" chestwall"> chestwall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiotherapy%20planning" title=" radiotherapy planning"> radiotherapy planning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163550/standardizing-and-achieving-protocol-objectives-for-chestwall-radiotherapy-treatment-planning-process-using-an-o-ring-linac-in-high-low-and-middle-income-countries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163550.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">118</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">31</span> The Challenges of Hyper-Textual Learning Approach for Religious Education</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elham%20Shirvani%E2%80%93Ghadikolaei">Elham Shirvani–Ghadikolaei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Mahdi%20Sajjadi"> Seyed Mahdi Sajjadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> State of the art technology has the tremendous impact on our life, in this situation education system have been influenced as well as. In this paper, tried to compare two space of learning text and hypertext with each other, and some challenges of using hypertext in religious education. Regarding the fact that, hypertext is an undeniable part of learning in this world and it has highly beneficial for the education process from class to office and home. In this paper tried to solve this question: the consequences and challenges of applying hypertext in religious education. Also, the consequences of this survey demonstrate the role of curriculum designer and planner of education to solve this problem. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyper-textual" title="Hyper-textual">Hyper-textual</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning" title=" learning"> learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=religious%20education" title=" religious education"> religious education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20text" title=" learning text"> learning text</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60101/the-challenges-of-hyper-textual-learning-approach-for-religious-education" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60101.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">312</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">30</span> Joint Path and Push Planning among Moveable Obstacles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Victor%20Emeli">Victor Emeli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akansel%20Cosgun"> Akansel Cosgun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper explores the navigation among movable obstacles (NAMO) problem and proposes joint path and push planning: which path to take and in what direction the obstacles should be pushed at, given a start and goal position. We present a planning algorithm for selecting a path and the obstacles to be pushed, where a rapidly-exploring random tree (RRT)-based heuristic is employed to calculate a minimal collision path. When it is necessary to apply a pushing force to slide an obstacle out of the way, the planners leverage means-end analysis through a dynamic physics simulation to determine the sequence of linear pushes to clear the necessary space. Simulation experiments show that our approach finds solutions in higher clutter percentages (up to 49%) compared to the straight-line push planner (37%) and RRT without pushing (18%). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motion%20planning" title="motion planning">motion planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=path%20planning" title=" path planning"> path planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=push%20planning" title=" push planning"> push planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robot%20navigation" title=" robot navigation"> robot navigation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128403/joint-path-and-push-planning-among-moveable-obstacles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128403.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">165</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">29</span> Dual Band Antenna Design with Compact Radiator for 2.5/5.2/5.8 Ghz Wlan Application Using Genetic Algorithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramnath%20Narhete">Ramnath Narhete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saket%20Pandey"> Saket Pandey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Puran%20Gour"> Puran Gour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents of dual-band planner antenna with a compact radiator for 2.4/5.2/5.8 proposed by optimizing its resonant frequency, Bandwidth of operation and radiation frequency using the genetic algorithm. The antenna consists L-shaped and E-shaped radiating element to generate two resonant modes for dual band operation. The above techniques have been successfully used in many applications. Dual band antenna with the compact radiator for 2.4/5.2/5.8 GHz WLAN application design and radiator size only width 8mm and a length is 11.3 mm. The antenna can we used for various application in the field of communication. Genetic algorithm will be used to design the antenna and impedance matching network. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20algorithm" title="genetic algorithm">genetic algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dual-band%20E" title=" dual-band E"> dual-band E</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dual-band%20L" title=" dual-band L"> dual-band L</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WLAN" title=" WLAN"> WLAN</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compact%20radiator" title=" compact radiator"> compact radiator</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28512/dual-band-antenna-design-with-compact-radiator-for-255258-ghz-wlan-application-using-genetic-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28512.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">579</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28</span> Analysis of the Factors Affecting the Public Bicycle Projects in Chinese Cities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiujuan%20Wang">Xiujuan Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weiguo%20Wang"> Weiguo Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lei%20Yu"> Lei Yu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xue%20Liu"> Xue Liu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There are many purported benefits of public bike systems, therefore, it has seen a sharp increase since 2008 in Hangzhou, China. However, there are few studies on the public bicycle system in Chinese cities. In order to make recommendations for the development of public bicycle systems, this paper analyzes the influencing factors by using the system dynamics method according to the main characteristics of Chinese cities. The main characteristics of Chinese cities lie in the city size and process of urbanization, traffic mode division, demographic characteristics, bicycle infrastructure and right of way, regime structure. Finally, under the context of Chinese bike sharing systems, these analyses results can help to design some feasible strategies for the planner to the development of the public bicycles. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=engineering%20of%20communication%20and%20transportation%20system" title="engineering of communication and transportation system">engineering of communication and transportation system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bicycle" title=" bicycle"> bicycle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20bike" title=" public bike"> public bike</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=characteristics%20of%20Chinese%20cities" title=" characteristics of Chinese cities"> characteristics of Chinese cities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=system%20dynamics" title=" system dynamics"> system dynamics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107874/analysis-of-the-factors-affecting-the-public-bicycle-projects-in-chinese-cities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107874.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">242</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27</span> Machine Learning Approach to Project Control Threshold Reliability Evaluation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Kim">Y. Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Lee"> H. Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Park"> M. Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Lee"> B. Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Planning is understood as the determination of what has to be performed, how, in which sequence, when, what resources are needed, and their cost within the organization before execution. In most construction project, it is evident that the inherent nature of planning is dynamic, and initial planning is subject to be changed due to various uncertain conditions of construction project. Planners take a continuous revision process during the course of a project and until the very end of project. However, current practice lacks reliable, systematic tool for setting variance thresholds to determine when and what corrective actions to be taken. Rather it is heavily dependent on the level of experience and knowledge of the planner. Thus, this paper introduces a machine learning approach to evaluate project control threshold reliability incorporating project-specific data and presents a method to automate the process. The results have shown that the model improves the efficiency and accuracy of the monitoring process as an early warning. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20learning" title="machine learning">machine learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=project%20control" title=" project control"> project control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=project%20progress%20monitoring" title=" project progress monitoring"> project progress monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=schedule" title=" schedule "> schedule </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92333/machine-learning-approach-to-project-control-threshold-reliability-evaluation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92333.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">244</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26</span> Mean-Field Type Modeling of Non-Local Congestion in Pedestrian Crowd Dynamics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexander%20Aurell">Alexander Aurell</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the latest trends in the modeling of human crowds is the mean-field game approach. In the mean-field game approach, the motion of a human crowd is described by a nonstandard stochastic optimal control problem. It is nonstandard since congestion is considered, introduced through a dependence in the performance functional on the distribution of the crowd. This study extends the class of mean-field pedestrian crowd models to allow for non-local congestion and arbitrary, but finitely, many interacting crowds. The new congestion feature grants pedestrians a 'personal space' where crowding is undesirable. The model is treated as a mean-field type game which is derived from a particle picture. This, in contrast to a mean-field game, better describes a situation where the crowd can be controlled by a central planner. The latter is suitable for decentralized situations. Solutions to the mean-field type game are characterized via a Pontryagin-type Maximum Principle. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=congestion" title="congestion">congestion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crowd%20dynamics" title=" crowd dynamics"> crowd dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interacting%20populations" title=" interacting populations"> interacting populations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mean-field%20approximation" title=" mean-field approximation"> mean-field approximation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimal%20control" title=" optimal control"> optimal control</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61485/mean-field-type-modeling-of-non-local-congestion-in-pedestrian-crowd-dynamics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61485.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">445</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">25</span> Understanding the Qualities of Indian Neighborhoods: Understanding of Social Spaces</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Venkata%20Ravi%20Kumar%20Veluru">Venkata Ravi Kumar Veluru</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Indian traditional neighborhoods are socially active and sometimes intrusive communities, which are losing their qualities due to western influences, undermining the traditional Indian values by blind adaptation of western neighborhood concepts since the scale is not suitable to the Indian context. This paper aims to understand the qualities of Indian traditional neighborhoods by evaluating a traditional neighborhood of Jaipur, comparing it with a modern planned neighborhood of Chandigarh, designed by a foreign planner, in the neighborhood concept of the western world, to find out the special qualities of traditional Indian neighborhoods as compared to western concepts in terms of social spaces, by way of physical observation of selected neighborhoods and residents structured questionnaire survey. The combined analysis found that social spaces are abundantly available in traditional neighborhoods, which are missing in modern neighborhoods, which are the main qualities where interactions happen, aiming towards the formation of social capital. The qualities of traditional neighborhoods have to be considered while designing new neighborhoods in India. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indian%20neighborhoods" title="Indian neighborhoods">Indian neighborhoods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modern%20neighborhoods" title=" modern neighborhoods"> modern neighborhoods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neighborhood%20planning" title=" neighborhood planning"> neighborhood planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20spaces" title=" social spaces"> social spaces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20neighborhoods" title=" traditional neighborhoods"> traditional neighborhoods</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155054/understanding-the-qualities-of-indian-neighborhoods-understanding-of-social-spaces" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155054.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">121</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24</span> Factors Influencing Walking in Bandar Baru Bangi, Malaysia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zeinab%20Aliyas">Zeinab Aliyas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Walking is known as the most common type of physical activity that helps mental and physical health of people. In the recent years, promoting walking activity in neighborhood areas and cities become as one of the important issues in terms of sustainable cities. Therefore the study aimed to investigate the influence of fear of crime and personal barriers as social and personal factor respectively on neighborhood walking. 464 questionnaires in Bandar Baru Bangi in Malaysia was distributed to collect data, and finally, 424 questionnaires were qualified to be used in the study. The Smart-PLS was used to analyze the data. The findings of the study revealed that individual barriers and fear of crime both have significant influence on the level of walking behavior in the neighborhood area. It was found that fear of crime has higher influence on walking behavior in comparison to individual factors. The finding of this study can help urban researcher and planner to know the significant influence of crime safety and individual attitudes on the level of walking activity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fear%20of%20crime" title="fear of crime">fear of crime</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neighborhood%20walking" title=" neighborhood walking"> neighborhood walking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personal%20barriers" title=" personal barriers"> personal barriers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residential%20neighborhood" title=" residential neighborhood"> residential neighborhood</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81090/factors-influencing-walking-in-bandar-baru-bangi-malaysia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81090.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">180</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">23</span> An Implementation of Incentive Systems within Property Life Cycles Will Reward Investors, Planners and Users</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nadine%20Wills">Nadine Wills</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The whole life thinking of buildings (independent if these are commercial properties or residential properties) will raise if incentive systems are provided to investors, planners and users. The Use of Building Information Modelling (BIM)-Systems offers planners the possibility to plan and re-plan buildings for decades after a period of utilization without spending many capacities. The strategy-incentive should be to plan the building in a way that makes rescheduling possible by changing just parameters in the system and not re-planning the whole building. If users receive the chance to patient incentive systems, the building stock will have a long life period. Business models of tenant electricity or self-controlled operating costs are incentive systems for building –users to let fixed running costs decline without producing damages due to wrong purposes. BIM is the controlling body to ensure that users do not abuse the incentive solution and take negative influence on the building stock. The investor benefits from the planner’s and user’s incentives: the fact that the building becomes useful for the whole life without making unnecessary investments provides possibilities to make investments in different assets. Moreover, the investor gains the facility to achieve higher rents by merchandise the property with low operating costs. To execute BIM offers whole property life cycles. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BIM" title="BIM">BIM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=incentives" title=" incentives"> incentives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=life%20cycle" title=" life cycle"> life cycle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67339/an-implementation-of-incentive-systems-within-property-life-cycles-will-reward-investors-planners-and-users" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67339.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">297</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22</span> Development of Calcium Carbonate Molecular Sheets via Wet Chemical Route</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sudhir%20Kumar%20Sharma">Sudhir Kumar Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramesh%20Jagannathan"> Ramesh Jagannathan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The interaction of organic and inorganic matrices of biological origin resulting in self-assembled structures with unique properties is well established. The development of such self-assembled nanostructures by synthetic and bio-inspired techniques is an established field of active research. Among bio-materials, nacre, a laminar stack of calcium carbonate nanosheets, which are interleaved with organic material, has long been focused research due to its unique mechanical properties. In this paper, we present the development of nacre-like lamellar structures made up of calcium carbonate via a wet chemical route. We used the binding affinity of carboxylate anions and calcium cations using poly (acrylic) acid (PAA) to lead CaCO₃ crystallization. In these experiments, we selected calcium acetate as the precursor molecule along with PAA (Mw ~ 8000 Da). We found that Ca⁺²/COO⁻ ratio provided a tunable control for the morphology and growth of CaCO₃ nanostructures. Drop casting one such formulation on a silicon substrate followed by calcination resulted in co-planner, molecular sheets of CaCO₃, separated by a spacer layer of carbon. The scope of our process could be expanded to produce unit cell thick molecular sheets of other important inorganic materials. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-assembled%20structures" title="self-assembled structures">self-assembled structures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bio-inspired%20materials" title=" bio-inspired materials"> bio-inspired materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcium%20carbonate" title=" calcium carbonate"> calcium carbonate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wet%20chemical%20route" title=" wet chemical route"> wet chemical route</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102071/development-of-calcium-carbonate-molecular-sheets-via-wet-chemical-route" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102071.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">136</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21</span> Building an Interactive Web-Based GIS System for Planning of Geological Survey Works</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wu%20Defu">Wu Defu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kiefer%20Chiam"> Kiefer Chiam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yang%20Kin%20Seng"> Yang Kin Seng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The planning of geological survey works is an iterative process which involves planner, geologist, civil engineer and other stakeholders, who perform different roles and have different points of view. Traditionally, the team used paper maps or CAD drawings to present the proposal which is not an efficient way to present and share idea on the site investigation proposal such as sitting of borehole location or seismic survey lines. This paper focuses on how a GIS approach can be utilised to develop a web-based system to support decision making process in the planning of geological survey works and also to plan site activities carried out by Singapore Geological Office (SGO). The authors design a framework of building an interactive web-based GIS system, and develop a prototype, which enables the users to obtain rapidly existing geological information and also to plan interactively borehole locations and seismic survey lines via a web browser. This prototype system is used daily by SGO and has shown to be effective in increasing efficiency and productivity as the time taken in the planning of geological survey works is shortened. The prototype system has been developed using the ESRI ArcGIS API 3.7 for Flex which is based on the ArcGIS 10.2.1 platform. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=engineering%20geology" title="engineering geology">engineering geology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flex" title=" flex"> flex</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geological%20survey%20planning" title=" geological survey planning"> geological survey planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geoscience" title=" geoscience"> geoscience</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GIS" title=" GIS"> GIS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=site%20investigation" title=" site investigation"> site investigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WebGIS" title=" WebGIS"> WebGIS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23892/building-an-interactive-web-based-gis-system-for-planning-of-geological-survey-works" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23892.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">307</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20</span> Catchment Yield Prediction in an Ungauged Basin Using PyTOPKAPI</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20S.%20Fatoyinbo">B. S. Fatoyinbo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Stretch"> D. Stretch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20T.%20Amoo"> O. T. Amoo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Allopi"> D. Allopi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study extends the use of the Drainage Area Regionalization (DAR) method in generating synthetic data and calibrating PyTOPKAPI stream yield for an ungauged basin at a daily time scale. The generation of runoff in determining a river yield has been subjected to various topographic and spatial meteorological variables, which integers form the Catchment Characteristics Model (CCM). Many of the conventional CCM models adapted in Africa have been challenged with a paucity of adequate, relevance and accurate data to parameterize and validate the potential. The purpose of generating synthetic flow is to test a hydrological model, which will not suffer from the impact of very low flows or very high flows, thus allowing to check whether the model is structurally sound enough or not. The employed physically-based, watershed-scale hydrologic model (PyTOPKAPI) was parameterized with GIS-pre-processing parameters and remote sensing hydro-meteorological variables. The validation with mean annual runoff ratio proposes a decent graphical understanding between observed and the simulated discharge. The Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency and coefficient of determination (R²) values of 0.704 and 0.739 proves strong model efficiency. Given the current climate variability impact, water planner can now assert a tool for flow quantification and sustainable planning purposes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=catchment%20characteristics%20model" title="catchment characteristics model">catchment characteristics model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GIS" title=" GIS"> GIS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synthetic%20data" title=" synthetic data"> synthetic data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ungauged%20basin" title=" ungauged basin"> ungauged basin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65739/catchment-yield-prediction-in-an-ungauged-basin-using-pytopkapi" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65739.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">327</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19</span> Design and Manufacture of an Autonomous Agricultural Robot for Pesticide Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Caner%20Koc">Caner Koc</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dilara%20Gerdan%20Koc"> Dilara Gerdan Koc</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emrah%20Saka"> Emrah Saka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Ibrahim%20Karagol"> H. Ibrahim Karagol</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of pesticides in agricultural activities is the most harmful to the environment and farmers' health, and it also has the greatest input prices, along with fertilizers. In this study, an electric, electrostatically charged, autonomous agricultural robot was developed, modeled, and prototyped and manufactured. It allows for sensitive pesticide applications with variable levels, has controllable spray nozzles, and uses camera distance sensors to detect and spray into tree canopies. The created prototype was produced with flexibility in mind. Two stages of prototype manufacture were completed. The initial stage involved designing and producing the flexible primary body of the autonomous vehicle. Detachable hanger assemblies are employed so that the main body robot can perform a variety of agricultural tasks. The design of the spraying devices and their fitting to the autonomous vehicle was completed as the second stage of the prototype. The built prototype spraying robot's itinerary was planned using the free, open-source program Mission Planner. PX4, telemetry, and RTK GPS are used to maneuver the autonomous car along the designated path. To avoid potential obstructions, the robot uses ultrasonic and lidar sensors. The developed autonomous vehicle's energy needs are intended to be met entirely by electric batteries. In the event that the batteries run out of power, the sockets are set up to be recharged both by using the generator and the main power source through the specifically constructed panel. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autonomous%20agricultural%20robot" title="autonomous agricultural robot">autonomous agricultural robot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pesticide" title=" pesticide"> pesticide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20farming" title=" smart farming"> smart farming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spraying" title=" spraying"> spraying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variable%20rate%20application" title=" variable rate application"> variable rate application</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165713/design-and-manufacture-of-an-autonomous-agricultural-robot-for-pesticide-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165713.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">84</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">18</span> 3D Visualization for the Relationship of the Urban Rule and Building Form by Using CityEngine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chin%20Ku">Chin Ku</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Han%20liang%20Lin"> Han liang Lin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this study is to visualize how the rule related to urban design influences the building form by 3D modeling software CityEngine. In order to make the goal of urban design clearly connect to urban form, urban planner or designer should understand how the rule affects the form, especially the building form. In Taiwan, the rule pertained to urban design includes traditional zoning, urban design review and building codes. However, zoning cannot precisely expect the outcome of building form and lack of thinking about public realm and 3D form. In addition to that, urban design review is based on case by case, do not have a comprehensive regulation plan and the building code is just for general regulation. Therefore, rule cannot make the urban form reach the vision or goal of the urban design. Consequently, another kind of zoning called Form-based code (FBC) has arisen. This study uses the component of FBC which pertained to urban fabric such as street width, block and plot size, etc., to be the variants of building form, and find out the relationship between the rule and building form. There are three stages of this research, it will start from a field survey of Taichung City in Taiwan to induce the rule-building form relationship by using cluster analysis and descriptive Statistics. Second, visualize the relationship through the parameterized and codified process in CityEngine which is the procedural modeling, and can analyze, monitor and visualize the 3D world. Last, compare the CityEngine result with real world to examine how extent do this model represent the real world appearance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20visualization" title="3D visualization">3D visualization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CityEngine" title=" CityEngine"> CityEngine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=form-based%20code" title=" form-based code"> form-based code</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20form" title=" urban form"> urban form</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78042/3d-visualization-for-the-relationship-of-the-urban-rule-and-building-form-by-using-cityengine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78042.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">550</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17</span> Comparing the Sequence and Effectiveness of Teaching the Four Basic Operations and Mathematics in Primary Schools</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abubakar%20Sadiq%20Mensah">Abubakar Sadiq Mensah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20Usman"> Hassan Usman </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study compared the effectiveness of Audition, Multiplication, subtraction and Division (AMSD) and Addition, subtraction, Multiplication and Division (ASMD), sequence of teaching these four basic operations in mathematics to primary one pupil’s in Katsina Local Government, Katsina State. The study determined the sequence that was more effective and mostly adopted by teachers of the operations. One hundred (100) teachers and sixty pupils (60) from primary one were used for the study. The pupils were divided into two equal groups. The researcher taught these operations to each group separately for four weeks (4 weeks). Group one was taught using the ASMD sequence, while group two was taught using ASMD sequence. In order to generate the needed data for the study, questionnaires and tests were administered on the samples. Data collected were analyzed and major findings were arrived at: (i) Two primary mathematics text books were used in all the primary schools in the area; (ii) Each of the textbooks contained the ASMD sequence; (iii) 73% of the teachers sampled adopted the ASMD sequence of teaching these operations; and (iv) Group one of the pupils (taught using AMSD sequence) performed significantly better than their counter parts in group two (taught using AMSD sequence). On the basis of this, the researcher concluded that the AMSD sequence was more effective in teaching the operations than the ASMD sequence. Consequently, the researcher concluded that primary schools teachers, authors of primary mathematics textbooks, and curriculum planner should adopt the AMSD sequence of teaching these operations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=matematic" title="matematic">matematic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20school" title=" high school"> high school</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=four%20basic%20operations" title=" four basic operations"> four basic operations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effectiveness%20of%20teaching" title=" effectiveness of teaching"> effectiveness of teaching</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8847/comparing-the-sequence-and-effectiveness-of-teaching-the-four-basic-operations-and-mathematics-in-primary-schools" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8847.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">253</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16</span> Planning for Brownfield Regeneration in Malaysia: An Integrated Approach in Creating Sustainable Ex-Landfill Redevelopment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mazifah%20Simis">Mazifah Simis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azahan%20Awang"> Azahan Awang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kadir%20Arifin"> Kadir Arifin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The brownfield regeneration is being implemented in developped countries. However, as a group 1 developing country in the South East Asia, the rapid development and increasing number of urban population in Malaysia have urged the needs to incorporate the brownfield regeneration into its physical planning development. The increasing number of urban ex-landfills is seen as a new resource that could overcome the issues of inadequate urban green space provisions. With regards to the new development approach in urban planning, this perception study aims to identify the sustainable planning approach based on what the stakeholders have in mind. Respondents consist of 375 local communities within four urban ex-landfill areas and 61 landscape architect and town planner officers in the Malaysian Local Authorities. Three main objectives are set to be achieved, which are (i) to identify ex-landfill issues that need to be overcome prior to the ex-landfill redevelopment (ii) to identify the most suitable types of ex-landfill redevelopment, and (iii) to identify the priority function for ex-landfill redevelopment as the public parks. From the data gathered through the survey method, the order of priorities based on stakeholders' perception was produced. The results show different perception among the stakeholders, but they agreed to the development of the public park as the main development. Hence, this study attempts to produce an integrated approach as a model for sustainable ex-landfill redevelopment that could be accepted by the stakeholders as a beneficial future development that could change the image of 296 ex-landfills in Malaysia into the urban public parks by the year 2020. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brownfield%20regeneration" title="brownfield regeneration">brownfield regeneration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ex-landfill%20redevelopment" title=" ex-landfill redevelopment"> ex-landfill redevelopment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integrated%20approach" title=" integrated approach"> integrated approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stakeholders%27%20perception" title=" stakeholders' perception"> stakeholders' perception</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24845/planning-for-brownfield-regeneration-in-malaysia-an-integrated-approach-in-creating-sustainable-ex-landfill-redevelopment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24845.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">352</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> Changing Roles and Skills of Urban Planners in the Turkish Planning System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatih%20Eren">Fatih Eren</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research aims to find an answer to the question of which knowledge and skills do the Turkish urban planners need in their business practice. Understanding change in cities, making a prediction, making an urban decision and putting it into practice, working together with actors from different organizations from various academic disciplines, persuading people to accept something and developing good personal and professional relationships have become very complex and difficult in today’s world. The truth is that urban planners work in many institutions under various positions which are not similar to each other by field of activity and all planners are forced to develop some knowledge and skills for success in their business in Turkey. This study targets to explore what urban planners do in the global information age. The study is the product of a comprehensive nation-wide research. In-depth interviews were conducted with 174 experienced urban planners, who work in different public institutions and private companies under varied positions in the Turkish Planning System, to find out knowledge and skills needed by next-generation urban planners. The main characteristics of next-generation urban planners are defined; skills that planners needed today are explored in this paper. Findings show that the positivist (traditional) planning approach has given place to anti-positivist planning approaches in the Turkish Planning System so next-generation urban planners who seek success and want to carve out a niche for themselves in business life have to equip themselves with innovative skills. The result section also includes useful and instructive findings for planners about what is the meaning of being an urban planner and what is the ideal content and context of planning education at universities in the global age. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20information%20age" title="global information age">global information age</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Turkish%20Planning%20System" title=" Turkish Planning System"> Turkish Planning System</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20institutional%20approach" title=" the institutional approach"> the institutional approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20planners" title=" urban planners"> urban planners</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=roles" title=" roles"> roles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skills" title=" skills"> skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=values" title=" values"> values</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47748/changing-roles-and-skills-of-urban-planners-in-the-turkish-planning-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47748.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">285</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> Drawing Building Blocks in Existing Neighborhoods: An Automated Pilot Tool for an Initial Approach Using GIS and Python</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Konstantinos%20Pikos">Konstantinos Pikos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dimitrios%20Kaimaris"> Dimitrios Kaimaris</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Although designing building blocks is a procedure used by many planners around the world, there isn’t an automated tool that will help planners and designers achieve their goals with lesser effort. The difficulty of the subject lies in the repeating process of manually drawing lines, while not only it is mandatory to maintain the desirable offset but to also achieve a lesser impact to the existing building stock. In this paper, using Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and the Python programming language, an automated tool integrated into ArcGIS PRO, is being presented. Despite its simplistic enviroment and the lack of specialized building legislation due to the complex state of the field, a planner who is aware of such technical information can use the tool to draw an initial approach of the final building blocks in an area with pre-existing buildings in an attempt to organize the usually sprawling suburbs of a city or any continuously developing area. The tool uses ESRI’s ArcPy library to handle the spatial data, while interactions with the user is made throught Tkinter. The main process consists of a modification of building edgescoordinates, using NumPy library, in an effort to draw the line of best fit, so the user can get the optimal results per block’s side. Finally, after the tool runs successfully, a table of primary planning information is shown, such as the area of the building block and its coverage rate. Regardless of the primary stage of the tool’s development, it is a solid base where potential planners with programming skills could invest, so they can make the tool adapt to their individual needs. An example of the entire procedure in a test area is provided, highlighting both the strengths and weaknesses of the final results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arcPy" title="arcPy">arcPy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GIS" title=" GIS"> GIS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=python" title=" python"> python</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=building%20blocks" title=" building blocks"> building blocks</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143445/drawing-building-blocks-in-existing-neighborhoods-an-automated-pilot-tool-for-an-initial-approach-using-gis-and-python" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143445.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span 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