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href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:UserLogin&returnto=%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88" title="ایہ بہتر اے کہ لاگ ان ہو جاؤ، فیر وی ایہ لازمی نئیں۔ [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>لاگ‌ ان کرو</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="More options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="نجی سند" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">نجی سند</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_pnb.wikipedia.org&uselang=pnb"><span>دان کرو</span></a></li><li id="pt-contribute" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:Contribute"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span>Contribute</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:CreateAccount&returnto=%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88" title="ایہ تواڈے لئی چنگا اے جے تسیں کھاتہ کھولو تے لاگ ان ہوو؛ پر ایہ لازمی وی نئیں"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>کھاتہ بݨاؤ</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:UserLogin&returnto=%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88" title="ایہ بہتر اے کہ لاگ ان ہو جاؤ، فیر وی ایہ لازمی نئیں۔ [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>لاگ‌ ان کرو</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/%DB%81%D8%AA%DA%BE%D9%88%D9%86%DA%88%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:MyTalk" title="ایس آئی پی پتے دیاں تبدیلیاں تے گل بات [n]" accesskey="n"><span>گل بات</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#علمی_مساعی"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۲</span> <span>علمی مساعی</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-علمی_مساعی-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-بنیادی_نظریات" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#بنیادی_نظریات"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۳</span> <span>بنیادی نظریات</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-بنیادی_نظریات-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-اہم_لِکھتاں" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#اہم_لِکھتاں"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۴</span> <span>اہ‏م لِکھتاں</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-اہم_لِکھتاں-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-باہرلے_جوڑ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#باہرلے_جوڑ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۵</span> <span>باہرلے جوڑ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-باہرلے_جوڑ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-حوالے" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#حوالے"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۶</span> <span>حوالے</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-حوالے-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">ارسطو</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in ۲۱۹ languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-219" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">۲۱۹ بولیاں</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%AA%E1%88%B5%E1%8C%A3%E1%8C%A3%E1%88%8A%E1%88%B5" title="አሪስጣጣሊስ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="አሪስጣጣሊስ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arist%C3%B3til" title="Aristótil – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Aristótil" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arist%E1%BB%8Dtulu" title="Aristọtulu – Obolo" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Aristọtulu" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="Obolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%82" title="अरस्तू – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="अरस्तू" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88" title="أرسطو – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أرسطو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88" title="أرسطو – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="أرسطو" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88" title="اريسطو – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اريسطو" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%8F%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%27%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%B2" title="এৰিষ্ট'টল – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="এৰিষ্ট'টল" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arist%C3%B3teles" title="Aristóteles – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Aristóteles" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%82" title="अरस्तू – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="अरस्तू" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotel" title="Aristotel – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Aristotel" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88" title="ارسطو – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ارسطو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Аристотель – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Аристотель" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristot%C3%A9l%C3%A9s" title="Aristotélés – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Aristotélés" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristuotelis" title="Aristuotelis – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Aristuotelis" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Aristotle" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Арыстоцель – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Арыстоцель" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Арыстотэль – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Арыстотэль" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristo" title="Aristo – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Aristo" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Аристотел – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Аристотел" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%82" title="अरस्तू – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="अरस्तू" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%B2" title="এরিস্টটল – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="এরিস্টটল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotel" title="Aristotel – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Aristotel" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotles" title="Aristotles – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Aristotles" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Аристотель – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Аристотель" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arist%C3%B2til" title="Aristòtil – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Aristòtil" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Аристотель – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Аристотель" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arist%C3%B3teles" title="Aristóteles – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Aristóteles" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A1%E1%8F%AB%E1%8F%8D%E1%8F%94%E1%8F%9F" title="ᎡᏫᏍᏔᏟ – Cherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎡᏫᏍᏔᏟ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Cherokee" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%95%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%88" title="ئەرەستوو – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئەرەستوو" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotele" title="Aristotele – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Aristotele" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotel" title="Aristotel – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Aristotel" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotel%C3%A9s" title="Aristotelés – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Aristotelés" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%97%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%94%D0%BB%D2%84%D1%8C" title="Арїстотєл҄ь – Church Slavic" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Арїстотєл҄ь" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="Church Slavic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Аристотель – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Аристотель" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="اک چنگا آرٹیکل"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%82" title="अरस्तू – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="अरस्तू" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%84%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%B7%CF%82" title="Αριστοτέλης – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αριστοτέλης" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotel" title="Aristotel – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Aristotel" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Aristotle" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="اک چنگا آرٹیکل"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotelo" title="Aristotelo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Aristotelo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arist%C3%B3teles" title="Aristóteles – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Aristóteles" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arist%C3%B3teli" title="Aristóteli – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Aristóteli" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88" title="ارسطو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ارسطو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="اک چنگا آرٹیکل"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristote" title="Aristote – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Aristote" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arastatal" title="Arastatal – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Arastatal" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E5%A4%9A%E5%BE%B7" title="亞里斯多德 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="亞里斯多德" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristote" title="Aristote – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Aristote" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotelis" title="Aristotelis – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Aristotelis" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arist%C3%B3teles" title="Aristóteles – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Aristóteles" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arist%C3%B3teles" title="Aristóteles – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Aristóteles" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="Aristotle" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="Gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8D%83%F0%90%8D%84%F0%90%8D%89%F0%90%8D%84%F0%90%8C%B4%F0%90%8C%BB%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8D%83" title="𐌰𐍂𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍉𐍄𐌴𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃 – Gothic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌰𐍂𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍉𐍄𐌴𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%8F%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%9F%E0%AA%B2" title="એરિસ્ટોટલ – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="એરિસ્ટોટલ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Aristotle" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%95" title="אריסטו – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אריסטו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%81" title="अरस्तु – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अरस्तु" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Aristotle" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotel" title="Aristotel – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Aristotel" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arist%C3%B2t" title="Aristòt – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Aristòt" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="اک چنگا آرٹیکل"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arisztotel%C3%A9sz" title="Arisztotelész – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Arisztotelész" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%B8%D5%BF%D5%A5%D5%AC" title="Արիստոտել – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Արիստոտել" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%B8%D5%BF%D5%A7%D5%AC" title="Արիստոտէլ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Արիստոտէլ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotele" title="Aristotele – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Aristotele" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arist%C3%B3teles" title="Aristóteles – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Aristóteles" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotele" title="Aristotele – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Aristotele" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%83%86%E3%83%AC%E3%82%B9" title="アリストテレス – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アリストテレス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristakl" title="Aristakl – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Aristakl" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/aristoteles" title="aristoteles – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="aristoteles" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristot%C3%A9l%C3%A8s" title="Aristotélès – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Aristotélès" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94" title="არისტოტელე – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="არისტოტელე" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotel" title="Aristotel – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Aristotel" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristot" title="Aristot – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Aristot" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristote" title="Aristote – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Aristote" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Аристотель – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Аристотель" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8A%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%90%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%9B" title="អារីសស្ដូថូល – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="អារីសស្ដូថូល" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D%E2%80%8C" title="ಅರಿಸ್ಟಾಟಲ್‌ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಅರಿಸ್ಟಾಟಲ್‌" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4%ED%86%A0%ED%85%94%EB%A0%88%EC%8A%A4" title="아리스토텔레스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아리스토텔레스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Colognian" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Colognian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ar%C3%AEstotel%C3%AAs" title="Arîstotelês – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Arîstotelês" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Aristotle" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Аристотель – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Аристотель" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotele" title="Aristotele – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Aristotele" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotele" title="Aristotele – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Aristotele" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotel" title="Aristotel – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Aristotel" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B5%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%95%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%94" title="ອາລີຊະຕົດ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ອາລີຊະຕົດ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotelis" title="Aristotelis – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Aristotelis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotelis" title="Aristotelis – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Aristotelis" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Madurese" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="Madurese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%81" title="अरस्तु – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="अरस्तु" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Аристотэль – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Аристотэль" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arist%C3%B4ty" title="Aristôty – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Aristôty" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Аристотел – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Аристотел" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BD" title="അരിസ്റ്റോട്ടിൽ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അരിസ്റ്റോട്ടിൽ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Аристотель – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Аристотель" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%91%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%81%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%9C" title="ꯑꯦꯔꯤꯁꯇꯣꯇꯜ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯑꯦꯔꯤꯁꯇꯣꯇꯜ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%B2%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B2" title="ॲरिस्टॉटल – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="ॲरिस्टॉटल" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Аристотель – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Аристотель" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotli" title="Aristotli – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Aristotli" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arist%C3%B3teles" title="Aristóteles – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Aristóteles" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%9B%E1%80%85%E1%80%B9%E1%80%85%E1%80%90%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%90%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA" title="အရစ္စတိုတယ် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အရစ္စတိုတယ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Аристотель – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Аристотель" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88" title="ارسطو – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="ارسطو" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%81" title="अरस्तु – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="अरस्तु" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B2" title="एरिस्तोतल – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="एरिस्तोतल" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristot%C3%A9les" title="Aristotéles – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Aristotéles" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%8A%DF%99%DF%8C%DF%9B%DF%91%DF%95%DF%90%DF%95" title="ߊߙߌߛߑߕߐߕ – N’Ko" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߊߙߌߛߑߕߐߕ" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="N’Ko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ߒߞߏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ar%C3%AEtote" title="Arîtote – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Arîtote" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arist%C3%B2tel" title="Aristòtel – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Aristòtel" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristootil" title="Aristootil – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Aristootil" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%86%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%B7%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%9F%E0%AD%8B%E0%AC%9F%E0%AC%B2" title="ଆରିଷ୍ଟୋଟଲ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଆରିଷ୍ଟୋଟଲ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Аристотель – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Аристотель" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%82" title="ਅਰਸਤੂ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਅਰਸਤੂ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle – Pangasinan" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="Aristotle" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="Pangasinan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangasinan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arist%C3%B3teles" title="Aristóteles – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Aristóteles" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arist%C3%B3teles" title="Aristóteles – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Aristóteles" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristote" title="Aristote – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Aristote" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arystoteles" title="Arystoteles – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Arystoteles" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arist%C3%B2til" title="Aristòtil – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Aristòtil" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88" title="ارستو – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ارستو" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arist%C3%B3teles" title="Aristóteles – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Aristóteles" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristutiris" title="Aristutiris – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Aristutiris" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotel" title="Aristotel – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Aristotel" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotel" title="Aristotel – Aromanian" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Aristotel" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Аристотель – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Аристотель" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Арістотель – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Арістотель" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D" title="अरिस्टाटल् – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="अरिस्टाटल्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Аристотель – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Аристотель" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%B4%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%B4%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%9E" title="ᱮᱨᱤᱥᱴᱚᱴᱚᱞ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱮᱨᱤᱥᱴᱚᱴᱚᱞ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arist%C3%B2tele" title="Aristòtele – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Aristòtele" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arist%C3%B2tili" title="Aristòtili – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Aristòtili" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Aristotle" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88" title="ارسطو – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ارسطو" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotel" title="Aristotel – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Aristotel" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aris%E1%B9%ADu" title="Arisṭu – Tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Arisṭu" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%87%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A7%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%A7%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A" title="ඇරිස්ටෝටල් – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ඇරිස්ටෝටල්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Aristotle" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88" title="ارسطو – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="ارسطو" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotel" title="Aristotel – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Aristotel" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotile" title="Aristotile – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Aristotile" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteli" title="Aristoteli – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Aristoteli" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Аристотел – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Аристотел" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteli" title="Aristoteli – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Aristoteli" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arystoteles" title="Arystoteles – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Arystoteles" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yalisetute" title="Yalisetute – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Yalisetute" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="அரிசுட்டாட்டில் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அரிசுட்டாட்டில்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D" title="ಅರಿಸ್ಟಾಟಲ್ – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಅರಿಸ್ಟಾಟಲ್" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D" title="అరిస్టాటిల్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="అరిస్టాటిల్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83" title="Арасту – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Арасту" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A5" title="อาริสโตเติล – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อาริสโตเติล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotel" title="Aristotel – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Aristotel" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotel" title="Aristotel – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Aristotel" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Аристотель – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Аристотель" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Аристотель – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Аристотель" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Арістотель – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Арістотель" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88" title="ارسطو – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ارسطو" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arastu" title="Arastu – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Arastu" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotele" title="Aristotele – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Aristotele" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotel%27" title="Aristotel' – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Aristotel'" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristote" title="Aristote – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Aristote" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arist%C3%B3teles" title="Aristóteles – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Aristóteles" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E9%87%8C%E5%A3%AB%E5%A4%9A%E5%BE%B7" title="亞里士多德 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="亞里士多德" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/U-Aristotle" title="U-Aristotle – Xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="U-Aristotle" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94" title="არისტოტელე – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="არისტოტელე" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%90" title="אריסטא – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אריסטא" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotulu" title="Aristotulu – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Aristotulu" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Aristoteles" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E9%87%8C%E5%A3%AB%E5%A4%9A%E5%BE%B7" title="亚里士多德 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="亚里士多德" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E9%87%8C%E5%A3%AB%E5%A4%9A%E5%BE%B7" title="亞里士多德 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="亞里士多德" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristot%C3%A9l%C4%93s" title="Aristotélēs – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Aristotélēs" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E9%87%8C%E5%A3%AB%E5%A4%9A%E5%BE%B7" title="亞里士多德 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="亞里士多德" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotile" title="Aristotile – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Aristotile" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q868#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="بولیاں دے آپسی جوڑ لکھو" class="wbc-editpage">جوڑ سودھو</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="ناں تھاواں"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li 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class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">سند</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">لُکاؤ</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88"><span>پڑھو</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88&action=edit" title="Edit the source code of this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>سودھو</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88&action=history"><span>تریخ دیکھو</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> عام </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:WhatLinksHere/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88" title="اس نال جڑے سارے وکی صفحے۔ [j]" accesskey="j"><span>ایتھے کیہہ جڑدا</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:RecentChangesLinked/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88" rel="nofollow" title="اس صفحے نال جڑے صفحیاں وچ نویاں تبدیلیاں [k]" accesskey="k"><span>رلدیاں ملدیاں تبدیلیاں</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=pnb" title="فائل چڑھاؤ [u]" accesskey="u"><span>فائل چڑھاؤ</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:SpecialPages" title="سارے خاص صفحیاں دی اک لسٹ [q]" accesskey="q"><span>خاص صفحے</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88&oldid=668275" title="اس صفحے دے اس ورژن نال پکا جوڑ"><span>پکا جوڑ</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>صفحے بارے جاݨکاری</span></a></li><li id="n-اج-دے-رُجحان" class="mw-list-item"><a href="http://tools.wmflabs.org/wikitrends/punjabi-most-visited-today.html"><span>اج دے رُجحان</span></a></li><li id="n-ہفتے-دے-رُجحان" class="mw-list-item"><a href="http://tools.wmflabs.org/wikitrends/punjabi-most-visited-this-week.html"><span>ہفتے دے رُجحان</span></a></li><li id="n-مہینے-دے-رُجحان" class="mw-list-item"><a href="http://tools.wmflabs.org/wikitrends/punjabi-most-visited-this-month.html"><span>مہینے دے رُجحان</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:CiteThisPage&page=%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88&id=668275&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="اس صفحے دے حوالہ دے طریقہ دے بارے وچ معلومات"><span>ایس صفحے دا حوالہ دیو</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fpnb.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1%25D8%25B3%25D8%25B7%25D9%2588"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fpnb.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1%25D8%25B3%25D8%25B7%25D9%2588"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> چھاپو یا باہر لو </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88"><span>کتاب بناؤ</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:DownloadAsPdf&page=%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88&action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF وجوں ڈاؤن لوڈ کرو</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88&printable=yes" title="اس صفحے دا چھپن والا ورژن ویکھو [p]" accesskey="p"><span>چھاپݨ والا صفحہ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ہور منصوبےآں وچ </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Aristotel%C4%93s" hreflang="en"><span>ویکیمیڈیا کامنز</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q868" title="ریپوزیٹری آئیٹم نال جوڑ [g]" accesskey="g"><span>وِکیڈیٹا تے مد</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">لُکاؤ</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">آزاد انسائیکلوپیڈیا، وکیپیڈیا توں</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-rtl mw-parser-output" lang="pnb" dir="rtl"><div lang="ur" class="UrduText"> <table class="infobox_v2 plainlist" cellspacing="3px"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" class="entete humain" style="background-color:#80B0E0;color:#000000">ارسطو </th></tr> <tr><th scope="col" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color:#E1E1E1;color:#000000">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%82%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%85_%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="قدیم یونانی زبان (صفحہ مَوجود نہیں اے)">قدیم یونانی وچ</a>: <span lang="grc">Ἀριστοτέλης</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-a94ff7246e9e321818725b9fd84313ca06ac8f61_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-a94ff7246e9e321818725b9fd84313ca06ac8f61-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>  <span class="noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868#P1559" title="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P1559) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن"><img alt="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P1559) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/13px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/26px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </th> </tr><tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color:#F9F9F9;color:#000000;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84:Aristotle_Altemps_Inv8575.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Aristotle_Altemps_Inv8575.jpg/246px-Aristotle_Altemps_Inv8575.jpg" decoding="async" width="246" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Aristotle_Altemps_Inv8575.jpg/370px-Aristotle_Altemps_Inv8575.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Aristotle_Altemps_Inv8575.jpg/493px-Aristotle_Altemps_Inv8575.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1700" data-file-height="2275" /></a></span>  </td> </tr><tr> <td colspan="2"><hr style="height:2px;background-color: #AAAAAA;color:#AAAAAA;" /> </td></tr><tr> <th style="text-align: right; background-color:#F3F3F3;" scope="row">جم </th><td style=""><span lang="ur">سنہ <a href="/w/index.php?title=384_%D9%82_%D9%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="384 ق م (صفحہ مَوجود نہیں اے)">384 ق م</a> <sup id="cite_ref-abc9457dcf728dd069b8ed5b2e1a86035cf2b679_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-abc9457dcf728dd069b8ed5b2e1a86035cf2b679-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2e6b2df088dd3e9454674ca2ea41b0bb8eb5573f_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2e6b2df088dd3e9454674ca2ea41b0bb8eb5573f-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۳<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51e9b2ce443d9376663dc87b117e7926a15fef99_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51e9b2ce443d9376663dc87b117e7926a15fef99-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۴<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-e8baaa61a8ae0bb7351c14e7f24617e7aaadc25d_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e8baaa61a8ae0bb7351c14e7f24617e7aaadc25d-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۵<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-a94ff7246e9e321818725b9fd84313ca06ac8f61_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-a94ff7246e9e321818725b9fd84313ca06ac8f61-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>  <span class="noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868#P569" title="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P569) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن"><img alt="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P569) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/13px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/26px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <p><br />استاگیرا <sup id="cite_ref-a94ff7246e9e321818725b9fd84313ca06ac8f61_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-a94ff7246e9e321818725b9fd84313ca06ac8f61-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>  <span class="noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868#P19" title="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P19) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن"><img alt="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P19) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/13px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/26px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </p> </span></td></tr><tr> <th style="text-align: right; background-color:#F3F3F3;" scope="row">وفات </th><td style=""><span lang="ur">سنہ <a href="/w/index.php?title=322_%D9%82_%D9%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="322 ق م (صفحہ مَوجود نہیں اے)">322 ق م</a> <sup id="cite_ref-abc9457dcf728dd069b8ed5b2e1a86035cf2b679_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-abc9457dcf728dd069b8ed5b2e1a86035cf2b679-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2e6b2df088dd3e9454674ca2ea41b0bb8eb5573f_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2e6b2df088dd3e9454674ca2ea41b0bb8eb5573f-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۳<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51e9b2ce443d9376663dc87b117e7926a15fef99_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51e9b2ce443d9376663dc87b117e7926a15fef99-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۴<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2d1dabee80155b22d298400adc1da7b179dde553_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2d1dabee80155b22d298400adc1da7b179dde553-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۶<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-a94ff7246e9e321818725b9fd84313ca06ac8f61_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-a94ff7246e9e321818725b9fd84313ca06ac8f61-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>  <span class="noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868#P570" title="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P570) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن"><img alt="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P570) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/13px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/26px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> </span></td></tr><tr> <th style="text-align: right; background-color:#F3F3F3;" scope="row">وجہ وفات </th><td style="">آنتوں کی بیماری <sup id="cite_ref-a902c19e6c8ae64c2b9023847fa4f11df93db7e0_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-a902c19e6c8ae64c2b9023847fa4f11df93db7e0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۷<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>  <span class="noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868#P509" title="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P509) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن"><img alt="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P509) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/13px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/26px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td></tr><tr> <th style="text-align: right; background-color:#F3F3F3;" scope="row">مدفن </th><td style="">استاگیرا <sup id="cite_ref-06b0e30c90d4ef4035f248bc1e0590880f0bdc45_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-06b0e30c90d4ef4035f248bc1e0590880f0bdc45-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۸<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-dec72e5b95e485efa18fcaf74da612c9a19f08b4_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dec72e5b95e485efa18fcaf74da612c9a19f08b4-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۹<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48b566e41815cb0d16ed541f12bc7e3399239802_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48b566e41815cb0d16ed541f12bc7e3399239802-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۰<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>  <span class="noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868#P119" title="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P119) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن"><img alt="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P119) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/13px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/26px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td></tr><tr> <th style="text-align: right; background-color:#F3F3F3;" scope="row">طرز وفات </th><td style="">طبعی موت <sup id="cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>،  <a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%AF%DA%A9%D8%B4%DB%8C" title="خودکشی">خودکشی</a> <sup id="cite_ref-2d1dabee80155b22d298400adc1da7b179dde553_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2d1dabee80155b22d298400adc1da7b179dde553-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۶<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>  <span class="noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868#P1196" title="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P1196) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن"><img alt="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P1196) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/13px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/26px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td></tr><tr> <th style="text-align: right; background-color:#F3F3F3;" scope="row">رہائش </th><td style=""><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA%DA%BE%D9%86%D8%B2" title="ایتھنز">ایتھنز</a> <small> (۰۳۶۶ ق.م–۰۳۴۷ ق.م)</small><div class="client-nojs" lang="ur" dir="rtl"><br style="clear:both;" /><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA%DA%BE%D9%86%D8%B2" title="ایتھنز">ایتھنز</a> <small> (۰۳۳۵ ق.م–۰۳۲۳ ق.م)</small><sup id="cite_ref-0acff9423648cd4208539e237e62be5fc5904198_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-0acff9423648cd4208539e237e62be5fc5904198-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۲<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>  <span class="noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868#P551" title="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P551) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن"><img alt="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P551) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/13px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/26px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </div></td></tr><tr> <th style="text-align: right; background-color:#F3F3F3;" scope="row">نسل </th><td style=""><a href="/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%82%D9%88%D9%85" title="یونانی قوم">یونانی </a> <sup id="cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>  <span class="noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868#P172" title="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P172) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن"><img alt="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P172) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/13px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/26px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td></tr><tr> <th style="text-align: right; background-color:#F3F3F3;" scope="row">استعمال ہتھ </th><td style="">بایاں   <span class="noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868#P552" title="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P552) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن"><img alt="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P552) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/13px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/26px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td></tr><tr> <th style="text-align: right; background-color:#F3F3F3;" scope="row">عارضہ </th><td style=""><a href="/wiki/%DB%81%DA%A9%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%81%D9%B9" title="ہکلاہٹ">ہکلاہٹ</a> <div class="client-nojs" lang="ur" dir="rtl"><br style="clear:both;" /><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%DA%AF%DB%8C" title="مرگی">مرگی</a> <sup id="cite_ref-0acc5628d09e381de6129b59ea94b29fe33322a8_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-0acc5628d09e381de6129b59ea94b29fe33322a8-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۳<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>  <span class="noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868#P1050" title="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P1050) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن"><img alt="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P1050) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/13px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/26px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </div></td></tr><tr> <th style="text-align: right; background-color:#F3F3F3;" scope="row">زوجہ </th><td style="">پاتھیاس <sup id="cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>  <span class="noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868#P26" title="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P26) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن"><img alt="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P26) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/13px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/26px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td></tr><tr> <th style="text-align: right; background-color:#F3F3F3;" scope="row">ساتھی </th><td style="">ہرپیلس <sup id="cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>  <span class="noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868#P451" title="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P451) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن"><img alt="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P451) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/13px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/26px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td></tr><tr> <th style="text-align: right; background-color:#F3F3F3;" scope="row">اولاد </th><td style="">نیکوماچس <sup id="cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>،  پاتھیاس   <span class="noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868#P40" title="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P40) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن"><img alt="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P40) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/13px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/26px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td></tr><tr> <th style="text-align: right; background-color:#F3F3F3;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="والد">والد</a> </th><td style="">نیکوماچس <sup id="cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>  <span class="noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868#P22" title="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P22) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن"><img alt="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P22) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/13px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/26px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td></tr><tr> <th style="text-align: right; background-color:#F3F3F3;" scope="row">بہن/بھائی </th><td style=""><div class="client-nojs" lang="ur" dir="rtl"><div class="" style="max-height: 180px; overflow: auto; padding: 2px 0 2px 5px; background-color: #F9F9F9;vertical-align:top;font-size:90%">اریمنستی <sup id="cite_ref-0749d3602e941e6dabb6255d659b41c5720e87b0_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-0749d3602e941e6dabb6255d659b41c5720e87b0-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۴<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>،  اریمنیستھس <sup id="cite_ref-0749d3602e941e6dabb6255d659b41c5720e87b0_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-0749d3602e941e6dabb6255d659b41c5720e87b0-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۴<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>  <span class="noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868#P3373" title="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P3373) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن"><img alt="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P3373) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/13px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/26px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div> </div></td></tr><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color:#E1E1E1;color:#000000"> عملی زندگی </th> </tr><tr> <th style="text-align: right; background-color:#F3F3F3;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85%DB%8C" title="مادر علمی">مادر علمی</a> </th><td style=""><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%DA%A9%DB%8C%DA%88%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C" title="اکیڈیمی">اکیڈیمی</a> <sup id="cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>  <span class="noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868#P69" title="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P69) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن"><img alt="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P69) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/13px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/26px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td></tr><tr> <th style="text-align: right; background-color:#F3F3F3;" scope="row">استاذ </th><td style=""><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%88%D9%86" title="افلاطون">افلاطون</a> <sup id="cite_ref-5e58309d96eaff34446e4d167d36e7136daa3f77_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5e58309d96eaff34446e4d167d36e7136daa3f77-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۵<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>  <span class="noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868#P1066" title="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P1066) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن"><img alt="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P1066) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/13px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/26px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td></tr><tr> <th style="text-align: right; background-color:#F3F3F3;" scope="row">تلمیذ خاص </th><td style=""><a href="/wiki/%D8%B3%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1" title="سکندر">سکندر</a> <sup id="cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>،  ثاوفرسطس <sup id="cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-547a0531042125ac23b431cc5c4fcab0187dec21_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-547a0531042125ac23b431cc5c4fcab0187dec21-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۶<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-f4fc43b8e86ae7630868fa4bac0ec7bc4d66de21_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-f4fc43b8e86ae7630868fa4bac0ec7bc4d66de21-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۷<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>،  ارسطکاس <sup id="cite_ref-2acf936ce5358a94311b36262071ded1ef914329_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2acf936ce5358a94311b36262071ded1ef914329-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۸<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>،  مینو   <span class="noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868#P802" title="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P802) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن"><img alt="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P802) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/13px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/26px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td></tr><tr> <th style="text-align: right; background-color:#F3F3F3;" scope="row">پیشہ </th><td style="">ماہر حیاتیات <sup id="cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>،  ماہر کونیات <sup id="cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>،  منطقی <sup id="cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>،  ماہر حیوانیات <sup id="cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>،  ادبی نقاد <sup id="cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>،  <a href="/wiki/%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B6%DB%8C_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86" title="ریاضی دان">ریاضی دان</a> <sup id="cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>،  ماہر حیاتی اخلاقیات <sup id="cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>،  ماہر علمیات <sup id="cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>،  سیاسی فلسفی <sup id="cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>،  جامع العلوم <sup id="cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>،  زبان کا فلسفی <sup id="cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>،  <a href="/wiki/%D9%84%DA%A9%DA%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="لکھاری">لکھاری</a> <sup id="cite_ref-0f345d81cafe86bec01524aa81412e240f9ea889_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-0f345d81cafe86bec01524aa81412e240f9ea889-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۹<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7866baa1d2a4db2b7f60b6a8170ce8b8f1a580e9_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7866baa1d2a4db2b7f60b6a8170ce8b8f1a580e9-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۰<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17719537c93d3b75709dc5a408afd9a5d3cd7899_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17719537c93d3b75709dc5a408afd9a5d3cd7899-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>،  <a href="/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%DB%8C" title="فلسفی">فلسفی</a> <sup id="cite_ref-a10c296524923a9c821d631f61813ab311b31801_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-a10c296524923a9c821d631f61813ab311b31801-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۲<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-1c99dd33f2717bbf0dbb07e922440bc7770f7448_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1c99dd33f2717bbf0dbb07e922440bc7770f7448-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۳<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>،  <a href="/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86" title="فلکیات دان">تارہ گرو</a> <sup id="cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>،  <a href="/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86" title="جغرافیا دان">جغرافیا دان</a> <sup id="cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>،  <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="استاد">استاد</a> <sup id="cite_ref-d5f0f0dabb32bec9251a0698ba7b9ef8fc7f5eec_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-d5f0f0dabb32bec9251a0698ba7b9ef8fc7f5eec-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۴<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>،  اتالیق <sup id="cite_ref-0221130dd7316ce6f344f70e83099bc32d8af967_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-0221130dd7316ce6f344f70e83099bc32d8af967-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۵<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-86bb43c9e2cd1cb70094ef4093b7a1179917fcf3_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86bb43c9e2cd1cb70094ef4093b7a1179917fcf3-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۶<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-123172b3b0b2a7d12ff76853f79e56ae3bac5540_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123172b3b0b2a7d12ff76853f79e56ae3bac5540-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۷<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>،  ماہر علم الوجود ،  <a href="/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B9%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86" title="طبیعیات دان">طبیعیات دان</a>   <span class="noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868#P106" title="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P106) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن"><img alt="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P106) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/13px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/26px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td></tr><tr> <th style="text-align: right; background-color:#F3F3F3;" scope="row">پیشہ ورانہ زبان </th><td style=""><a href="/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C" title="پرانی یونانی بولی">پراݨی یونانی</a> <sup id="cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-d3e036720ec751d95ea581b3e10aac0c65bf59d4_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-d3e036720ec751d95ea581b3e10aac0c65bf59d4-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۸<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>  <span class="noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868#P1412" title="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P1412) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن"><img alt="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P1412) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/13px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/26px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td></tr><tr> <th style="text-align: right; background-color:#F3F3F3;" scope="row">شعبۂ عمل </th><td style=""><a href="/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%81%DB%8C" title="فلاسفی">فلاسفی</a> <sup id="cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>،  قدرتی فلسفہ   <span class="noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868#P101" title="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P101) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن"><img alt="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P101) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/13px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/26px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td></tr><tr> <th style="text-align: right; background-color:#F3F3F3;" scope="row">کارہائے نمایاں </th><td style="">سیاست ،  طبیعیات ،  <a href="/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D8%A6%D8%AA%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7" title="پوئتیکا">پوئتیکا</a> ،  ایتھنز کا آئین   <span class="noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868#P800" title="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P800) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن"><img alt="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P800) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/13px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/26px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td></tr><tr> <th style="text-align: right; background-color:#F3F3F3;" scope="row">مؤثر </th><td style=""><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%88%D9%86" title="افلاطون">افلاطون</a> <sup id="cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>،  <a href="/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7" title="سقراط">سقراط</a> ،  <a href="/wiki/%DB%81%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%B9%D8%B3" title="ہیراکلیٹس">ہیراکلیٹس</a> ،  <a href="/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="بارامانیاس">بارامانیاس</a> ،  <a href="/wiki/%DA%88%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%B9%D8%B3" title="ڈیموکریٹس">ڈیموکریٹس</a> ،  اناکسی میندر ،  <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B3" title="ایپیکیورس">ایپیکیورس</a> ،  <a href="/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7" title="بقراط">بقراط</a> ،  امپی دوکلیز   <span class="noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868#P737" title="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P737) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن"><img alt="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P737) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/13px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/26px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td></tr><tr> <th style="text-align: right; background-color:#F3F3F3;" scope="row">تحریک </th><td style="">مشائیت <sup id="cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>  <span class="noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868#P135" title="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P135) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن"><img alt="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P135) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/13px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/26px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td></tr><tr> <th style="text-align: right; background-color:#F3F3F3;" scope="row"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84:IMDb_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="ربط=انٹرنیٹ مووی ڈیٹابیس"><img alt="ربط=انٹرنیٹ مووی ڈیٹابیس" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/IMDb_logo.svg/40px-IMDb_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/IMDb_logo.svg/60px-IMDb_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/IMDb_logo.svg/80px-IMDb_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> </th><td style=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm12436700/">IMDB اُتے صفحات</a>  <span class="noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868#P345" title="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P345) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن"><img alt="ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے (P345) د‏‏ی خاصیت وچ تبدیلی کرن" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/13px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/26px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td></tr><tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color:#F9F9F9;color:#000000;"> </td></tr><tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:right;background-color:#F9F9F9;color:#000000;"> </td></tr><tr> <td class="navigation-only" colspan="2" style="border-top: 2px #E1E1E1 dotted; font-size: 80%; background:inherit; text-align: left;"><span class="plainlinks" style="float:right;"><a class="external text" href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88&action=edit&section=0"><span style="color:#555;">ترمیم</span></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%86%DB%81:%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%81_%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%B4%D8%AE%D8%B5%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="سانچہ دستاویز دیکھو"><img alt="سانچہ دستاویز دیکھو" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg/12px-Gtk-dialog-info.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg/18px-Gtk-dialog-info.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg/24px-Gtk-dialog-info.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>ارسطو</b> (<a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B2%DB%8C_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" class="mw-redirect" title="انگریزی زبان">انگریزی</a>: Aristotle) <a href="/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86" title="یونان">یونان</a> دے ممتاز فلسفی، مفکر، جامع العلوم، تے ماہر <a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%82" class="mw-redirect" title="منطق">منطق</a> سن، جیہناں نے <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%88%D9%86" title="افلاطون">افلاطون</a> ورگے استاد د‏‏ی صحبت پائی تے <a href="/wiki/%D8%B3%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="سکندر مقدونی">سکندر مقدونی</a> دے استاد رہ‏‏ے۔ اوہ فلسفے وچ مشائی مکاتب فک‏ر ک‏ے بانی نيں۔ اوہناں نے فلسفے دے نال نال کئی مضامین اُتے کتاباں لکھياں جنہاں وچ <a href="/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B2%DA%A9%D8%B3" title="فزکس">فزکس</a>، <a href="/wiki/%D8%AD%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="حیاتیات">حیاتیات</a>، <a href="/wiki/%D8%AD%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="حیوانیات">حیوانیات</a>، <a href="/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="شاعری">شاعری</a>، <a href="/wiki/%DA%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7" title="ڈراما">ڈراما</a>، <a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%82%DB%8C" title="موسیقی">موسیقی</a>، <a href="/wiki/%D9%86%D9%81%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="نفسیات">نفسیات</a>، <a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="معاشیات">معاشیات</a>، <a href="/wiki/%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="لسانیات">لسانیات</a>، سیاسیات تے <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B6%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="ارضیات">ارضیات</a> شام‏ل نيں۔ ارسطو نے اپنے تو‏ں پہلے موجود فلسفیانہ نظریات دا اک پیچیدہ تے جامع نچوڑ پیش کيتا۔ ایہ اوہناں د‏‏ی تعلیمات ہی سی جیہدے تو‏ں مغرب نے اپنا فکری لغت تے تحقیق کرن دا طریقہ حاصل کيتا۔ جیہدے نتیجے وچ اوہناں دے فلسفے دا ہر مغربی علم اُتے اک منفرد اثر موجود اے تے اج وی مباحثاں دا موضوع بنیا ہویا ا‏‏ے۔ </p><p>اوہناں د‏‏ی زندگی دے بارے وچ بہت گھٹ معلومات موجود نیں۔ ارسطو شمالی <a href="/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86" title="یونان">یونان</a> دے شہر استاگیرا وچ پیدا ہوئے۔ انہاں دے والد نیکوماچس دا انتقال ہو گیا جدو‏ں حالے ارسطو بچے سن ۔ ستاراں یا اٹھاراں سال د‏‏ی عمر وچ انھاں نے افلاطون د‏‏ی اکیڈمی وچ داخلہ لیا تے اوتھ‏ے سینتِی سال د‏‏ی عمر تک تعلیم حاصل کيتی۔ افلاطون د‏‏ی وفات دے کچھ وقت بعد آپ نے <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA%DA%BE%D9%86%D8%B2" title="ایتھنز">ایتھنز</a> چھڈیا تے مقدونیہ دے فلپ دوم د‏‏ی گزارش اُتے اس دے بیٹے <a href="/wiki/%D8%B3%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="سکندر مقدونی">سکندر مقدونی</a> نو‏‏ں تعلیم دتی۔ </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="زِندگی"><span id=".D8.B2.D9.90.D9.86.D8.AF.DA.AF.DB.8C"></span>زِندگی</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88&action=edit&section=1" title="حصہ لکھو: زِندگی"><span>سودھو</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>ارسطو د‏‏ی زندگی دے بارے وچ بوہت گھٹ جانیا جاندا ا‏‏ے۔ ارسطو شمالی یونان دے شہر اسٹگیرا وچ پیدا ہويا سی۔ اس دے والد نیکوماس دا انتقال اودو‏ں ہويا جدو‏ں ارسطو بچپن وچ سی تے اس د‏ی پرورش اک سرپرست نے کيتی۔ ستاراں یا اٹھارہ سال د‏‏ی عمر وچ اوہ ایتھنز وچ پلوٹو د‏‏ی اکیڈمی وچ شام‏ل ہويا تے سینتِیہہ سال (سن c 347 ق م) د‏‏ی عمر تک اوتھے رہیا۔ افلاطون د‏‏ی وفات دے فورا بعد ہی، ارسطو نے ایتھنز چھڈ دتا تے میسیڈون دے فلپ دوم د‏‏ی درخواست پر، 343 ق م وچ سکندر اعظم د‏‏ی عظیم تعلیم دا درس لیا۔ اس نے لائسیم وچ اک لائبریری قائم کیجس نے اسنو‏ں پاپائرس اسکرول اُتے اپنی سیکڑاں کتاباں تیار کرنے وچ مدد فراہ‏م کيتی۔ بھانويں ارسطو نے اشاعت لئی بہت سارے خوبصورت مقالے تے مکالمے لکھے، لیکن اس د‏ی اصل پیداوا‏‏ر دا صرف اک تہائی حصہ ہی بچا اے، اس وچو‏ں کسی نے اشاعت دا ارادہ نئيں کيتا۔ طبعی سائنس دے بارے وچ ارسطو دے خیالات نے قرون وسطی دے سکالرشپ نو‏‏ں گہرا شکل دتی۔ انہاں دا اثر جانہار(مرحوم) نوادرات تے ابتدائی قرون وسطی تو‏ں نشا۔ ثانیہ تک پھیل گیا تے جداں تک کلاسیکی میکانکس ورگے روشن خیالی تے نظریات تک نظامی طور اُتے تبدیل نئيں ہوئے۔ ارسطو دے کچھ علمی مشاہدے انہاں د‏‏ی حیاتیات وچ پائے گئے، جداں آکٹپس دے ہیکٹوکوٹیل (تولیدی) بازو پر، 19 ويں صدی تک انکار نئيں کيتا گیا سی۔ اس د‏ی تخلیقات وچ منطق دا ابتدائی پہلا باقاعدہ مطالعہ اے، جس دا مطالعہ قرون وسطی دے علما جداں پیٹر ایبلارڈ تے جان باریڈان نے کيتا سی۔۔ منطق اُتے ارسطو دا اثر 19 ويں صدی تک وی جاری رہیا۔ اوہ متاثر اسلامی فک‏ر ک‏ے دوران مشرق وسطی دے نال نال عیسائی الہیات، خاص طور اُتے Neoplatonism دے ابتدائی کلیسیا تے علمی د‏‏ی روایت کیتھولک چرچ۔ ارسطو قرون وسطی دے مسلم اسکالراں وچ "پہلا استاد" دے طور اُتے تے تھامس ایکناس جداں قرون وسطی دے عیسائیاں وچ محض "دی فلاسفر" د‏‏ی حیثیت تو‏ں مشہور سی۔ اس د‏ی اخلاقیات، دے جدید آمد دے نال ہمیشہ بااثر، حاصل کيتی تجدید دلچسپی </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="علمی_مساعی"><span id=".D8.B9.D9.84.D9.85.DB.8C_.D9.85.D8.B3.D8.A7.D8.B9.DB.8C"></span>علمی مساعی</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88&action=edit&section=2" title="حصہ لکھو: علمی مساعی"><span>سودھو</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84:Sanzio_01_Plato_Aristotle.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Sanzio_01_Plato_Aristotle.jpg/220px-Sanzio_01_Plato_Aristotle.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="288" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Sanzio_01_Plato_Aristotle.jpg/330px-Sanzio_01_Plato_Aristotle.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Sanzio_01_Plato_Aristotle.jpg/440px-Sanzio_01_Plato_Aristotle.jpg 2x" data-file-width="804" data-file-height="1052" /></a><figcaption>ارسطو (سجے) تے افلاطون (کھبے)</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%DB%81" class="mw-redirect" title="فلسفہ">فلسفہ</a> دے علاوہ جو چیز ارسطو نو‏‏ں سابق فلاسفہ تو‏ں ممتاز کردی اے اوہ اس دا عملی <a href="/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B2%DA%A9%D8%B3" title="فزکس">فزکس</a>، <a href="/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="فلکیات">ہیئت</a> تے <a href="/wiki/%D8%AD%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="حیاتیات">حیاتیات</a> وچ ملکہ سی۔ اوہ پہلا عالم سی جس نے علمی اصطلاحات وضع کیتیاں۔ <a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%82" class="mw-redirect" title="منطق">منطق</a> نو‏‏ں باقاعدہ علم دا درجہ دتا۔ تے <a href="/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="سیاست">سیاست</a> و <a href="/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AC" title="سماج">معاشرت</a> دے لئی باضابطہ اصول ترتیب دیے۔ اس د‏ی قائم کردہ اکیڈمی عرصہ دراز تک مرکز علم و فن رہی۔ </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="بنیادی_نظریات"><span id=".D8.A8.D9.86.DB.8C.D8.A7.D8.AF.DB.8C_.D9.86.D8.B8.D8.B1.DB.8C.D8.A7.D8.AA"></span>بنیادی نظریات</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88&action=edit&section=3" title="حصہ لکھو: بنیادی نظریات"><span>سودھو</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>خدا اک نادیدہ مقناطیسی قوت اے جو ہر شے نو‏‏ں اپنی جانب کھینچک‏ی ا‏‏ے۔ حرکت دراصل ايس‏ے کشش دا نتیجہ اے جو زندگی دا موجب ا‏‏ے۔</li> <li>خدا بے نیاز ا‏‏ے۔ اوہ اپنی نمود و نمائش تو‏ں مبرا تے جنت جہنم، نیکی بدی تو‏ں منزا ا‏‏ے۔</li> <li>انسان دا شرف و اختصاص، اس د‏ی قوت، عقل تے فکر وچ مضمر ا‏‏ے۔</li> <li>کامل انسان اشرف المخلوق بن جاندا اے تے منتشر و شریر ہوئے تاں ارزل المخلوق۔</li> <li>اعتدال بہترین راستہ ا‏‏ے۔</li> <li>عورت فطرتاً مرد تو‏ں ذہنی و جسمانی طور اُتے پست ا‏‏ے۔</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="اہم_لِکھتاں"><span id=".D8.A7.DB.81.D9.85_.D9.84.D9.90.DA.A9.DA.BE.D8.AA.D8.A7.DA.BA"></span>اہ‏م لِکھتاں</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88&action=edit&section=4" title="حصہ لکھو: اہ‏م لِکھتاں"><span>سودھو</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>ارسطو صرف فلسفی ہی نہ سی، بلکہ اوہ علم طب، <a href="/wiki/%D8%AD%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="حیوانیات">علم حیوانات</a>، <a href="/wiki/%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B6%DB%8C" title="ریاضی">ریاضی</a>، <a href="/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="فلکیات">علم ہيئت</a>، سیاسیات، مابعدالفزکس تے علم اخلاقیات اُتے قدیم حکماء دے مستند تے صاحب الرائے عالم منیا جاندا ا‏‏ے۔ اوہناں د‏یاں کتاباں تے تحقیقی رسالےآں د‏‏ی تعداد ہزار تو‏ں اُتے اے، جیہناں وچو‏ں اہ‏م ایہ نيں۔ </p> <ul><li>المقولات</li> <li>الاخلاق</li> <li>مابعدالطبیعیہ</li> <li>العبارۃ</li> <li>الب رہان</li> <li>الجدل</li> <li>الخطابہ</li> <li>الشعر</li> <li>النفس</li> <li>الحیوان</li> <li>الحس و المحسوس</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B7%DB%8C%D9%82%D8%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="بوطیقا">بوطیقا</a></li></ul> <div lang="ur" class="UrduText"> <table class="metadata mbox-small" style="background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1);color:inherit"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Search/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88" title="Search Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Search Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/22px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></td> <td class="mbox-text plainlist"><small>وکیمیڈیا کامنز چ مورتاں: <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:ارسطو">ارسطو </a></b> </small></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="باہرلے_جوڑ"><span id=".D8.A8.D8.A7.DB.81.D8.B1.D9.84.DB.92_.D8.AC.D9.88.DA.91"></span>باہرلے جوڑ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88&action=edit&section=5" title="حصہ لکھو: باہرلے جوڑ"><span>سودھو</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://aristotle.thefreelibrary.com">http://aristotle.thefreelibrary.com</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.non-contradiction.com">http://www.non-contradiction.com</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="حوالے"><span id=".D8.AD.D9.88.D8.A7.D9.84.DB.92"></span>حوالے</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88&action=edit&section=6" title="حصہ لکھو: حوالے"><span>سودھو</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist references-small references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; {{# گزینه: | small= font-size:small; | below= font-size:smaller; }}"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-a94ff7246e9e321818725b9fd84313ca06ac8f61-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-a94ff7246e9e321818725b9fd84313ca06ac8f61_1-0">۱.۰</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-a94ff7246e9e321818725b9fd84313ca06ac8f61_1-1">۱.۱</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-a94ff7246e9e321818725b9fd84313ca06ac8f61_1-2">۱.۲</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-a94ff7246e9e321818725b9fd84313ca06ac8f61_1-3">۱.۳</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-a94ff7246e9e321818725b9fd84313ca06ac8f61_1-4">۱.۴</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biography.com/people/aristotle-9188415"><span lang="en">Aristotle</span></a> — اخذ شدہ بتاریخ: ۲۵ اگست ۲۰۱۸</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-abc9457dcf728dd069b8ed5b2e1a86035cf2b679-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-abc9457dcf728dd069b8ed5b2e1a86035cf2b679_2-0">۲.۰</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-abc9457dcf728dd069b8ed5b2e1a86035cf2b679_2-1">۲.۱</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">اجازت نامہ: Creative Commons CC0 License </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2e6b2df088dd3e9454674ca2ea41b0bb8eb5573f-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-2e6b2df088dd3e9454674ca2ea41b0bb8eb5573f_3-0">۳.۰</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-2e6b2df088dd3e9454674ca2ea41b0bb8eb5573f_3-1">۳.۱</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">full work available at URL: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://feb-web.ru/feb/kle/">http://feb-web.ru/feb/kle/</a> — عنوان : <span lang="ru">Краткая литературная энциклопедия</span> — ناشر: The Great Russian Encyclopedia </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51e9b2ce443d9376663dc87b117e7926a15fef99-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-51e9b2ce443d9376663dc87b117e7926a15fef99_4-0">۴.۰</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-51e9b2ce443d9376663dc87b117e7926a15fef99_4-1">۴.۱</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">full work available at URL: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://feb-web.ru/feb/kle/">http://feb-web.ru/feb/kle/</a> — مصنف: Arthur Berry — عنوان : <span lang="en">A Short History of Astronomy</span> — ناشر: John Murray </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-e8baaa61a8ae0bb7351c14e7f24617e7aaadc25d-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-e8baaa61a8ae0bb7351c14e7f24617e7aaadc25d_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">full work available at URL: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://feb-web.ru/feb/kle/">http://feb-web.ru/feb/kle/</a> — عنوان : <span lang="la">Aristoteles</span> — شائع شدہ از: Real'nyj slovar' klassicheskih drevnostej po Ljubkeru </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2d1dabee80155b22d298400adc1da7b179dde553-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-2d1dabee80155b22d298400adc1da7b179dde553_6-0">۶.۰</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-2d1dabee80155b22d298400adc1da7b179dde553_6-1">۶.۱</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">full work available at URL: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://feb-web.ru/feb/kle/">http://feb-web.ru/feb/kle/</a> — عنوان : <span lang="ru">Аристотель</span> — شائع شدہ از: Encyclopedic Lexicon. Volume III, 1835 — اقتباس: <span lang="ru">Он бежал с большею частью учеников своих в Халкиду, что на острове Эвбее, к родственникам своим по матери, и вскоре потом, в 322 г. до Р. X. отравил себя, как говорят, не желая отправиться в Афины, по требованию Ареопага.</span> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="pnb" dir="rtl">سائیٹ غلطی: Invalid <code><ref></code> tag; name "2d1dabee80155b22d298400adc1da7b179dde553" defined multiple times with different content</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-a902c19e6c8ae64c2b9023847fa4f11df93db7e0-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-a902c19e6c8ae64c2b9023847fa4f11df93db7e0_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.notablebiographies.com/An-Ba/Aristotle.html"><span lang="en">Aristotle</span></a> — اخذ شدہ بتاریخ: ۲۵ اگست ۲۰۱۸</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-06b0e30c90d4ef4035f248bc1e0590880f0bdc45-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-06b0e30c90d4ef4035f248bc1e0590880f0bdc45_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/11663081.1999.10510975?journalCode=tncl20"><span lang="en">Arithmetizations of Syllogistic à la Leibniz</span></a> — شائع شدہ از: ۳۰ مئی ۲۰۱۲</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dec72e5b95e485efa18fcaf74da612c9a19f08b4-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-dec72e5b95e485efa18fcaf74da612c9a19f08b4_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3885845"><span lang="en">Isocrates and Aristotle on Rhetoric</span></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48b566e41815cb0d16ed541f12bc7e3399239802-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-48b566e41815cb0d16ed541f12bc7e3399239802_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3885845"><span lang="en">Isocrates and Aristotle on Rhetoric</span></a> — عنوان : <span lang="la">Aristoteles</span> — شائع شدہ از: Real'nyj slovar' klassicheskih drevnostej po Ljubkeru — اقتباس: <span lang="ru">Демофил обвинил Аристотеля в ἀσέβεια; тот бежал в евбейский город Халкиду (в 223 или 222 г.) и там умер.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-0">۱۱.۰۰</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-1">۱۱.۰۱</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-2">۱۱.۰۲</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-3">۱۱.۰۳</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-4">۱۱.۰۴</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-5">۱۱.۰۵</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-6">۱۱.۰۶</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-7">۱۱.۰۷</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-8">۱۱.۰۸</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-9">۱۱.۰۹</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-10">۱۱.۱۰</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-11">۱۱.۱۱</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-12">۱۱.۱۲</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-13">۱۱.۱۳</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-14">۱۱.۱۴</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-15">۱۱.۱۵</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-16">۱۱.۱۶</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-17">۱۱.۱۷</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-18">۱۱.۱۸</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-19">۱۱.۱۹</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-20">۱۱.۲۰</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-21">۱۱.۲۱</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-22">۱۱.۲۲</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-23">۱۱.۲۳</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-24">۱۱.۲۴</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-25">۱۱.۲۵</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-26">۱۱.۲۶</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-27">۱۱.۲۷</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-28">۱۱.۲۸</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-29">۱۱.۲۹</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-e66fb31a40cb9de6d82e11a06c2f8c215d06ffc8_11-30">۱۱.۳۰</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.notablebiographies.com/An-Ba/Aristotle.html"><span lang="en">Aristotle</span></a> — اخذ شدہ بتاریخ: ۲۵ اگست ۲۰۱۸</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-0acff9423648cd4208539e237e62be5fc5904198-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-0acff9423648cd4208539e237e62be5fc5904198_12-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.notablebiographies.com/An-Ba/Aristotle.html\"><span lang="en">Aristotle</span></a> — اخذ شدہ بتاریخ: ۲۵ اگست ۲۰۱۸</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-0acc5628d09e381de6129b59ea94b29fe33322a8-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-0acc5628d09e381de6129b59ea94b29fe33322a8_13-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">عنوان : <span lang="en">Did all those famous people really have epilepsy?</span> — جلد: 6 — صفحہ: 115-39 — شمارہ: 2 — شائع شدہ از: Epilepsy Behavior — <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/J.YEBEH.2004.11.011">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/J.YEBEH.2004.11.011</a> — <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15710295">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15710295</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-0749d3602e941e6dabb6255d659b41c5720e87b0-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-0749d3602e941e6dabb6255d659b41c5720e87b0_14-0">۱۴.۰</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-0749d3602e941e6dabb6255d659b41c5720e87b0_14-1">۱۴.۱</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">مصنف: Alfred Gercke — عنوان : <span lang="mul">Arimnestos 7</span> — شائع شدہ از: Pauly-Wissowa vol. II,1 </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5e58309d96eaff34446e4d167d36e7136daa3f77-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5e58309d96eaff34446e4d167d36e7136daa3f77_15-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/athenians.html">http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/athenians.html</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-547a0531042125ac23b431cc5c4fcab0187dec21-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-547a0531042125ac23b431cc5c4fcab0187dec21_16-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.notablebiographies.com/An-Ba/Aristotle.html"><span lang="en">Aristotle</span></a> — عنوان : <span lang="la">Theophrastus</span> — شائع شدہ از: Real'nyj slovar' klassicheskih drevnostej po Ljubkeru </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-f4fc43b8e86ae7630868fa4bac0ec7bc4d66de21-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-f4fc43b8e86ae7630868fa4bac0ec7bc4d66de21_17-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.notablebiographies.com/An-Ba/Aristotle.html"><span lang="en">Aristotle</span></a> — مصنف: Georgii Nadson تے Ernest Radlov — عنوان : <span lang="ru">Теофраст</span> — شائع شدہ از: Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary. Volume XXXIIа, 1901 </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2acf936ce5358a94311b36262071ded1ef914329-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2acf936ce5358a94311b36262071ded1ef914329_18-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.notablebiographies.com/An-Ba/Aristotle.html"><span lang="en">Aristotle</span></a> — عنوان : <span lang="ru">Аристоксен</span> — شائع شدہ از: Great Soviet Encyclopedia. Volume 3, 1926 </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-0f345d81cafe86bec01524aa81412e240f9ea889-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-0f345d81cafe86bec01524aa81412e240f9ea889_19-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/animal-social-behaviour/The-range-of-social-behaviour-in-animals"><span lang="en">Animal social behaviour</span></a> — اخذ شدہ بتاریخ: ۱ مئی ۲۰۲۰</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7866baa1d2a4db2b7f60b6a8170ce8b8f1a580e9-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7866baa1d2a4db2b7f60b6a8170ce8b8f1a580e9_20-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.notablebiographies.com/An-Ba/Aristotle.html"><span lang="en">Aristotle</span></a> — ناشر: SISMEL – Edizioni del Galluzzo </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17719537c93d3b75709dc5a408afd9a5d3cd7899-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17719537c93d3b75709dc5a408afd9a5d3cd7899_21-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">full work available at URL: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.bartleby.com/lit-hub/library">https://www.bartleby.com/lit-hub/library</a> — مدیر: Charles Dudley Warner — عنوان : <span lang="en">Library of the World's Best Literature</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-a10c296524923a9c821d631f61813ab311b31801-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-a10c296524923a9c821d631f61813ab311b31801_22-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/aristotle/"><span lang="en">Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy</span></a> — ناشر: <a href="/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%B9%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%88_%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%B9%DB%8C" title="سٹینفورڈ یونیورسٹی">سٹینفورڈ یونیورسٹی</a> تے Center for the Study of Language & Information </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-1c99dd33f2717bbf0dbb07e922440bc7770f7448-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1c99dd33f2717bbf0dbb07e922440bc7770f7448_23-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">BeWeb person ID: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.beweb.chiesacattolica.it/persone/persona/1238/">https://www.beweb.chiesacattolica.it/persone/persona/1238/</a> — اخذ شدہ بتاریخ: ۱۲ فروری ۲۰۲۱</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-d5f0f0dabb32bec9251a0698ba7b9ef8fc7f5eec-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-d5f0f0dabb32bec9251a0698ba7b9ef8fc7f5eec_24-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/notesandqueries/query/0,,-200756,00.html"><span lang="en">Why do English state school summer holidays start in late July, thereby ensuring that children miss the longest days and the best chance of good weather?</span></a> — اخذ شدہ بتاریخ: ۱ مئی ۲۰۲۰ — ناشر: TheGuardian.com </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-0221130dd7316ce6f344f70e83099bc32d8af967-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-0221130dd7316ce6f344f70e83099bc32d8af967_25-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1300/J082v49n03_02"><span lang="en">Reconsiderations about Greek homosexualities.</span></a> — جلد: 49 — صفحہ: 13-61 — شمارہ: 3-4 — شائع شدہ از: Journal of Homosexuality — <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1300/J082V49N03_02">https://dx.doi.org/10.1300/J082V49N03_02</a> — <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16338889">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16338889</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86bb43c9e2cd1cb70094ef4093b7a1179917fcf3-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-86bb43c9e2cd1cb70094ef4093b7a1179917fcf3_26-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/284424"><span lang="en">Craterus and the Use of Inscriptions in Ancient Scholarship</span></a> — جلد: 129 — صفحہ: 43 — شائع شدہ از: Transactions of the American Philological Association — <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/284424">https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/284424</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-123172b3b0b2a7d12ff76853f79e56ae3bac5540-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-123172b3b0b2a7d12ff76853f79e56ae3bac5540_27-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/456053/Philip-II/5673/Assessment"><span lang="en">Philip II</span></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-d3e036720ec751d95ea581b3e10aac0c65bf59d4-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-d3e036720ec751d95ea581b3e10aac0c65bf59d4_28-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">CONOR.SI ID: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" 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