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color.</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: color."> <meta name="keywords" content="color."> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" 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<i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="color."> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 464</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: color.</h1> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">464</span> A Study of Color Transformation on Website Images for the Color Blind</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Siew-Li%20Ching">Siew-Li Ching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Maziani%20Sabudin"> Maziani Sabudin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we study on color transformation method on website images for the color blind. The most common category of color blindness is red-green color blindness which is viewed as beige color. By transforming the colors of the images, the color blind can improve their color visibility. They can have a better view when browsing through the websites. To transform colors on the website images, we study on two algorithms which are the conversion techniques from RGB color space to HSV color space and self-organizing color transformation. The comparative study focuses on criteria based on the ease of use, quality, accuracy and efficiency. The outcome of the study leads to enhancement of website images to meet the color blinds- vision requirements in perceiving image detailed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Color%20blind" title="Color blind">Color blind</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=color%20transformation" title=" color transformation"> color transformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=HSV%20%28Hue" title=" HSV (Hue"> HSV (Hue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Saturation" title="Saturation">Saturation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Value%29" title=" Value)"> Value)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=RGB%20%28Red" title=" RGB (Red"> RGB (Red</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Green" title=" Green"> Green</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Blue%29." title=" Blue)."> Blue).</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10266/a-study-of-color-transformation-on-website-images-for-the-color-blind" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10266/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10266/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10266/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10266/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10266/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10266/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10266/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10266/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10266/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10266/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10266.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2654</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">463</span> Color Shift of Printing with Hybrid Halftone Images for Overlay Misalignment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Xu%20Guoliang">Xu Guoliang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Tan%20Qingping"> Tan Qingping</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Color printing proceeds with multiple halftone separations overlay. Because of separation overlay misalignment in printing, the percentage of different primary color combination may vary and it will result in color shift. In traditional printing procedure with AM halftone, every separation has different screening angle to make the superposition pattern in a random style, which will reduce the color shift. To evaluate the color shift of printing with hybrid halftoning, we simulate printing procedure with halftone images overlay and calculate the color difference between expected color and color in different overlay misalignment configurations. The color difference for hybrid halftone and AM halftone is very close. So the color shift for hybrid halftone is acceptable with current color printing procedure. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=color%20printing" title="color printing">color printing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=AM%20halftone" title=" AM halftone"> AM halftone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hybrid%20halftone" title=" Hybrid halftone"> Hybrid halftone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=misalignment" title="misalignment">misalignment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=color%20shift" title=" color shift"> color shift</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Neugebauer%20Color%20Equation" title=" Neugebauer Color Equation"> Neugebauer Color Equation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1621/color-shift-of-printing-with-hybrid-halftone-images-for-overlay-misalignment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1621/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1621/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1621/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1621/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1621/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1621/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1621/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1621/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1621/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1621/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1621.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1687</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">462</span> Developing the Color Temperature Histogram Method for Improving the Content-Based Image Retrieval</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=P.%20Phokharatkul">P. Phokharatkul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Chaisriya"> S. Chaisriya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Somkuarnpanit"> S. Somkuarnpanit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Phaiboon"> S. Phaiboon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=C.%20Kimpan"> C. Kimpan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This paper proposes a new method for image searches and image indexing in databases with a color temperature histogram. The color temperature histogram can be used for performance improvement of content–based image retrieval by using a combination of color temperature and histogram. The color temperature histogram can be represented by a range of 46 colors. That is more than the color histogram and the dominant color temperature. Moreover, with our method the colors that have the same color temperature can be separated while the dominant color temperature can not. The results showed that the color temperature histogram retrieved an accurate image more often than the dominant color temperature method or color histogram method. This also took less time so the color temperature can be used for indexing and searching for images.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Color%20temperature%20histogram" title="Color temperature histogram">Color temperature histogram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=color%20temperature" title=" color temperature"> color temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=animage%20retrieval%20and%20content-based%20image%20retrieval." title=" animage retrieval and content-based image retrieval."> animage retrieval and content-based image retrieval.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5997/developing-the-color-temperature-histogram-method-for-improving-the-content-based-image-retrieval" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5997/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5997/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5997/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5997/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5997/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5997/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5997/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5997/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5997/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5997/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5997.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2453</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">461</span> Learning Human-Like Color Categorization through Interaction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Rinaldo%20Christian%20Tanumara">Rinaldo Christian Tanumara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ming%20Xie"> Ming Xie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Chi%20Kit%20Au"> Chi Kit Au</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Human perceives color in categories, which may be identified using color name such as red, blue, etc. The categorization is unique for each human being. However despite the individual differences, the categorization is shared among members in society. This allows communication among them, especially when using color name. Sociable robot, to live coexist with human and become part of human society, must also have the shared color categorization, which can be achieved through learning. Many works have been done to enable computer, as brain of robot, to learn color categorization. Most of them rely on modeling of human color perception and mathematical complexities. Differently, in this work, the computer learns color categorization through interaction with humans. This work aims at developing the innate ability of the computer to learn the human-like color categorization. It focuses on the representation of color categorization and how it is built and developed without much mathematical complexity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Color%20categorization" title="Color categorization">Color categorization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=color%20learning" title=" color learning"> color learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=machinelearning" title=" machinelearning"> machinelearning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=color%20naming." title=" color naming."> color naming.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11698/learning-human-like-color-categorization-through-interaction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11698/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11698/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11698/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11698/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11698/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11698/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11698/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11698/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11698/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11698/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11698.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1529</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">460</span> Improved Posterized Color Images based on Color Quantization and Contrast Enhancement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Oh-Yeol%20Kwon">Oh-Yeol Kwon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sung-Il%20Chien"> Sung-Il Chien</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A conventional image posterization method occasionally fails to preserve the shape and color of objects due to the uneffective color reduction. This paper proposes a new image posterizartion method by using modified color quantization for preserving the shape and color of objects and color contrast enhancement for improving lightness contrast and saturation. Experiment results show that our proposed method can provide visually more satisfactory posterization result than that of the conventional method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Color%20contrast%20enhancement" title="Color contrast enhancement">Color contrast enhancement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=color%20quantization" title=" color quantization"> color quantization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=color%20segmentation" title="color segmentation">color segmentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=image%20posterization" title=" image posterization"> image posterization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10396/improved-posterized-color-images-based-on-color-quantization-and-contrast-enhancement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10396/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10396/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10396/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10396/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10396/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10396/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10396/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10396/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10396/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10396/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10396.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2675</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">459</span> Making Computer Learn Color</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Rinaldo%20Christian%20Tanumara">Rinaldo Christian Tanumara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ming%20Xie"> Ming Xie</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Color categorization is shared among members in a society. This allows communication of color, especially when using natural language such as English. Hence sociable robot, to live coexist with human in human society, must also have the shared color categorization. To achieve this, many works have been done relying on modeling of human color perception and mathematical complexities. In contrast, in this work, the computer as brain of the robot learns color categorization through interaction with humans without much mathematical complexities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Color%20categorization" title="Color categorization">Color categorization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=color%20learning" title=" color learning"> color learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=machinelearning." title=" machinelearning."> machinelearning.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2834/making-computer-learn-color" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2834/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2834/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2834/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2834/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2834/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2834/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2834/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2834/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2834/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2834/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2834.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1441</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">458</span> A Way of Converting Color Images to Gray Scale Ones for the Color-Blind -Applying to the Part of the Tokyo Subway Map-</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Katsuhiro%20Narikiyo">Katsuhiro Narikiyo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Shota%20Hashikawa"> Shota Hashikawa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This paper proposes a way of removing noises and reducing the number of colors contained in a JPEG image. Main purpose of this project is to convert color images to monochrome images for the color-blind. We treat the crispy color images like the Tokyo subway map. Each color in the image has an important information. But for the color blinds, similar colors cannot be distinguished. If we can convert those colors to different gray values, they can distinguish them. Therefore we try to convert color images to monochrome images.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Color-blind" title="Color-blind">Color-blind</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=JPEG" title=" JPEG"> JPEG</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Monochrome%20image" title=" Monochrome image"> Monochrome image</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Denoise." title=" Denoise."> Denoise.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997024/a-way-of-converting-color-images-to-gray-scale-ones-for-the-color-blind-applying-to-the-part-of-the-tokyo-subway-map" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997024/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997024/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997024/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997024/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997024/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997024/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997024/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997024/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997024/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997024/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997024.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1520</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">457</span> A Way of Converting Color Images to Gray Scale Ones for the Color Blinds -Reducing the Colors for Tokyo Subway Map-</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Katsuhiro%20Narikiyo">Katsuhiro Narikiyo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Naoto%20Kobayakawa"> Naoto Kobayakawa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>We proposes a way of removing noises and reducing the number of colors contained in a JPEG image. Main purpose of this project is to convert color images to monochrome images for the color blinds. We treat the crispy color images like the Tokyo subway map. Each color in the image has an important information. But for the color blinds, similar colors cannot be distinguished. If we can convert those colors to different gray values, they can distinguish them.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Image%20processing" title="Image processing">Image processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Color%20blind" title=" Color blind"> Color blind</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=JPEG" title=" JPEG"> JPEG</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4529/a-way-of-converting-color-images-to-gray-scale-ones-for-the-color-blinds-reducing-the-colors-for-tokyo-subway-map" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4529/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4529/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4529/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4529/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4529/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4529/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4529/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4529/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4529/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4529/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4529.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1400</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">456</span> Towards Integrating Statistical Color Features for Human Skin Detection</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohd%20Zamri%20Osman">Mohd Zamri Osman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohd%20Aizaini%20Maarof"> Mohd Aizaini Maarof</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohd%20Foad%20Rohani"> Mohd Foad Rohani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Human skin detection recognized as the primary step in most of the applications such as face detection, illicit image filtering, hand recognition and video surveillance. The performance of any skin detection applications greatly relies on the two components: feature extraction and classification method. Skin color is the most vital information used for skin detection purpose. However, color feature alone sometimes could not handle images with having same color distribution with skin color. A color feature of pixel-based does not eliminate the skin-like color due to the intensity of skin and skin-like color fall under the same distribution. Hence, the statistical color analysis will be exploited such mean and standard deviation as an additional feature to increase the reliability of skin detector. In this paper, we studied the effectiveness of statistical color feature for human skin detection. Furthermore, the paper analyzed the integrated color and texture using eight classifiers with three color spaces of <em>RGB</em>, <em>YCbCr,</em> and <em>HSV</em>. The experimental results show that the integrating statistical feature using Random Forest classifier achieved a significant performance with an F1-score 0.969.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Color%20space" title="Color space">Color space</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=neural%20network" title=" neural network"> neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=random%20forest" title=" random forest"> random forest</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=skin%20detection" title=" skin detection"> skin detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=statistical%20feature." title=" statistical feature."> statistical feature.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003677/towards-integrating-statistical-color-features-for-human-skin-detection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003677/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003677/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003677/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003677/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003677/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003677/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003677/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003677/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003677/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003677/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003677.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1954</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">455</span> Fabric Printing Design, an Inspired from the Five-Color Porcelain (Benjarong)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Suwit%20Sadsunk">Suwit Sadsunk</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study is about the designed and decorative fabric printing that derived from the Five-color porcelain (Benjarong). The researcher examined the pattern and creativity of the decorative design of the Five-color porcelain (Benjarong) by the artists in order to apply for contemporary arts so that young generation will acknowledge the importance of the Five-color porcelain (Benjarong). The research methodology is both quantitative and qualitative. The researcher conducted an in-depth interview with the operator of five-color porcelain (Benjarong) at Ampawa, Samutsongkram. The information from the interview can be useful and implemented for designing the fabric patterns. The researcher found that there were many formats and designs of the Five-color porcelain (Benjarong) from the past to the present. Its unique design can be applied for the fabric patterns and ready-to-wear clothes properly. After advertising and showing the work of the Five-color porcelain (Benjarong) publicly, there were more young people interested in the Five-color porcelain (Benjarong) than expected which exceeded the objective with positive attitudes towards the Five-color porcelain (Benjarong). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Decorative%20fabric%20printing" title="Decorative fabric printing">Decorative fabric printing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Five-color%20porcelain%20%28Benjarong%29." title=" Five-color porcelain (Benjarong)."> Five-color porcelain (Benjarong).</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9494/fabric-printing-design-an-inspired-from-the-five-color-porcelain-benjarong" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9494/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9494/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9494/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9494/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9494/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9494/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9494/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9494/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9494/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9494/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9494.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2342</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">454</span> Spectra Analysis in Sunset Color Demonstrations with a White-Color LED as a Light Source</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Makoto%20Hasegawa">Makoto Hasegawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Seika%20Tokumitsu"> Seika Tokumitsu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Spectra of light beams emitted from white-color LED torches are different from those of conventional electric torches. In order to confirm if white-color LED torches can be used as light sources for popular sunset color demonstrations in spite of such differences, spectra of travelled light beams and scattered light beams with each of a white-color LED torch (composed of a blue LED and yellow-color fluorescent material) and a conventional electric torch as a light source were measured and compared with each other in a 50 cm-long water tank for sunset color demonstration experiments. Suspension liquid was prepared from acryl-emulsion and tap-water in the water tank, and light beams from the white-color LED torch or the conventional electric torch were allowed to travel in this suspension liquid. Sunset-like color was actually observed when the white-color LED torch was used as the light source in sunset color demonstrations. However, the observed colors when viewed with naked eye look slightly different from those obtainable with the conventional electric torch. At the same time, with the white-color LED, changes in colors in short to middle wavelength regions were recognized with careful observations. From those results, white-color LED torches are confirmed to be applicable as light sources in sunset color demonstrations, although certain attentions have to be paid. Further advanced classes will be successfully performed with white-color LED torches as light sources. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Blue%20sky%20demonstration" title="Blue sky demonstration">Blue sky demonstration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=sunset%20color%20demonstration" title=" sunset color demonstration"> sunset color demonstration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=white%20LED%20torch." title=" white LED torch."> white LED torch.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005280/spectra-analysis-in-sunset-color-demonstrations-with-a-white-color-led-as-a-light-source" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005280/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005280/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005280/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005280/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005280/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005280/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005280/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005280/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005280/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005280/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005280.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1226</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">453</span> A Neural Approach for Color-Textured Images Segmentation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Khalid%20Salhi">Khalid Salhi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=El%20Miloud%20Jaara"> El Miloud Jaara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohammed%20Talibi%20Alaoui"> Mohammed Talibi Alaoui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we present a neural approach for unsupervised natural color-texture image segmentation, which is based on both Kohonen maps and mathematical morphology, using a combination of the texture and the image color information of the image, namely, the fractal features based on fractal dimension are selected to present the information texture, and the color features presented in RGB color space. These features are then used to train the network Kohonen, which will be represented by the underlying probability density function, the segmentation of this map is made by morphological watershed transformation. The performance of our color-texture segmentation approach is compared first, to color-based methods or texture-based methods only, and then to k-means method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Segmentation" title="Segmentation">Segmentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=color-texture" title=" color-texture"> color-texture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=neural%20networks" title=" neural networks"> neural networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=fractal" title=" fractal"> fractal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=watershed." title=" watershed."> watershed.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005626/a-neural-approach-for-color-textured-images-segmentation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005626/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005626/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005626/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005626/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005626/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005626/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005626/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005626/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005626/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005626/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005626.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1374</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">452</span> Experimental Characterization of the Color Quality and Error Rate for an Red, Green, and Blue-Based Light Emission Diode-Fixture Used in Visible Light Communications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Juan%20F.%20Gutierrez">Juan F. Gutierrez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jesus%20M.%20Quintero"> Jesus M. Quintero</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Diego%20Sandoval"> Diego Sandoval</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>An important feature of Lighting Emitting Diodes (LED) technology is the fast on-off commutation. This fact allows data transmission using modulation formats such as On-Off Keying (OOK) and Color Shift Keying (CSK). Since, CSK based on three color bands uses red, green, and blue monochromatic LED (RGB-LED) to define a pattern of chromaticities; this type of CSK provides poor color quality on the illuminated area. In this work, we present the design and implementation of a VLC system using RGB-based CSK with 16, 8, and 4 color points, mixing with a steady baseline of a phosphor white-LED, to improve the color quality of the LED-Fixture. The experimental system was assessed in terms of the Symbol Error Rate (SER) and the Color Rendering Index (CRI). Good color quality performance of the LED-Fixture was obtained with an acceptable SER. We describe the laboratory setup used to characterize and calibrate an LED-Fixture. </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Color%20rendering%20index" title="Color rendering index">Color rendering index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=symbol%20error%20rate" title=" symbol error rate"> symbol error rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=color%20shift%0D%0Akeying" title=" color shift keying"> color shift keying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=visible%20light%20communications." title=" visible light communications."> visible light communications.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013310/experimental-characterization-of-the-color-quality-and-error-rate-for-an-red-green-and-blue-based-light-emission-diode-fixture-used-in-visible-light-communications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013310/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013310/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013310/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013310/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013310/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013310/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013310/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013310/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013310/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013310/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013310.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">173</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">451</span> Difference in the Color Preference by a Geographical Factor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kazuko%20Sakamoto">Kazuko Sakamoto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p class="Abstract" style="text-indent:10.2pt">Recently, the design is becoming important in product development. The technology which is a strong point of Japan is immediately caught up by the foreign countries, and the price competition begins. Therefore companies tend to plan differentiation of products by the design or a color. The purpose of my work was to consider the optimal color for using by product development. We needed to clarify the thing leading to color preference for this purpose. Two kinds of investigations were made. By the first investigation, we found out that a geographical factor difference existed in color preference. Then, investigation which regarded the difference as latitude was conducted. However, the result expected from the difference in latitude was not obtained. It seems that it is necessary to set up difference of latitude a little more greatly, or to reexamine by other geographical factors.<o:p></o:p></p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Color%20preference" title="Color preference">Color preference</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=product%20color" title=" product color"> product color</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=difference%20of%20latitude" title=" difference of latitude"> difference of latitude</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=design%20marketing" title=" design marketing"> design marketing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=international%20comparison." title=" international comparison."> international comparison.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17329/difference-in-the-color-preference-by-a-geographical-factor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17329/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17329/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17329/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17329/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17329/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17329/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17329/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17329/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17329/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17329/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17329.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3357</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">450</span> Face Tracking using a Polling Strategy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Rodrigo%20Montufar-Chaveznava">Rodrigo Montufar-Chaveznava</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The colors of the human skin represent a special category of colors, because they are distinctive from the colors of other natural objects. This category is found as a cluster in color spaces, and the skin color variations between people are mostly due to differences in the intensity. Besides, the face detection based on skin color detection is a faster method as compared to other techniques. In this work, we present a system to track faces by carrying out skin color detection in four different color spaces: HSI, YCbCr, YES and RGB. Once some skin color regions have been detected for each color space, we label each and get some characteristics such as size and position. We are supposing that a face is located in one the detected regions. Next, we compare and employ a polling strategy between labeled regions to determine the final region where the face effectively has been detected and located. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Tracking" title="Tracking">Tracking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=face%20detection" title=" face detection"> face detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=image%20processing" title=" image processing"> image processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=colorspaces." title=" colorspaces."> colorspaces.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5467/face-tracking-using-a-polling-strategy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5467/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5467/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5467/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5467/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5467/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5467/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5467/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5467/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5467/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5467/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5467.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1579</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">449</span> Face Detection in Color Images using Color Features of Skin</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fattah%20Alizadeh">Fattah Alizadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Saeed%20Nalousi"> Saeed Nalousi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Chiman%20Savari"> Chiman Savari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Because of increasing demands for security in today-s society and also due to paying much more attention to machine vision, biometric researches, pattern recognition and data retrieval in color images, face detection has got more application. In this article we present a scientific approach for modeling human skin color, and also offer an algorithm that tries to detect faces within color images by combination of skin features and determined threshold in the model. Proposed model is based on statistical data in different color spaces. Offered algorithm, using some specified color threshold, first, divides image pixels into two groups: skin pixel group and non-skin pixel group and then based on some geometric features of face decides which area belongs to face. Two main results that we received from this research are as follow: first, proposed model can be applied easily on different databases and color spaces to establish proper threshold. Second, our algorithm can adapt itself with runtime condition and its results demonstrate desirable progress in comparison with similar cases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=face%20detection" title="face detection">face detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=skin%20color%20modeling" title=" skin color modeling"> skin color modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=color" title=" color"> color</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=colorfulimages" title=" colorfulimages"> colorfulimages</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=face%20recognition." title=" face recognition."> face recognition.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6627/face-detection-in-color-images-using-color-features-of-skin" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6627/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6627/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6627/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6627/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6627/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6627/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6627/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6627/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6627/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6627/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6627.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2313</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">448</span> Optimized Vector Quantization for Bayer Color Filter Array</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Lakshmi">M. Lakshmi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20Senthil%20Kumar"> J. Senthil Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Digital cameras to reduce cost, use an image sensor to capture color images. Color Filter Array (CFA) in digital cameras permits only one of the three primary (red-green-blue) colors to be sensed in a pixel and interpolates the two missing components through a method named demosaicking. Captured data is interpolated into a full color image and compressed in applications. Color interpolation before compression leads to data redundancy. This paper proposes a new Vector Quantization (VQ) technique to construct a VQ codebook with Differential Evolution (DE) Algorithm. The new technique is compared to conventional Linde- Buzo-Gray (LBG) method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Color%20Filter%20Array%20%28CFA%29" title="Color Filter Array (CFA)">Color Filter Array (CFA)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Biorthogonal%20Wavelet" title=" Biorthogonal Wavelet"> Biorthogonal Wavelet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Vector%20Quantization%20%28VQ%29" title=" Vector Quantization (VQ)"> Vector Quantization (VQ)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Differential%20Evolution%20%28DE%29." title=" Differential Evolution (DE)."> Differential Evolution (DE).</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002795/optimized-vector-quantization-for-bayer-color-filter-array" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002795/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002795/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002795/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002795/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002795/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002795/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002795/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002795/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002795/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002795/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002795.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1907</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">447</span> Image Segmentation Using 2-D Histogram in RGB Color Space in Digital Libraries </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=El%20Asnaoui%20Khalid">El Asnaoui Khalid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Aksasse%20Brahim"> Aksasse Brahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ouanan%20Mohammed"> Ouanan Mohammed </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents an unsupervised color image segmentation method. It is based on a hierarchical analysis of 2-D histogram in RGB color space. This histogram minimizes storage space of images and thus facilitates the operations between them. The improved segmentation approach shows a better identification of objects in a color image and, at the same time, the system is fast. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Image%20segmentation" title="Image segmentation">Image segmentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=hierarchical%20analysis" title=" hierarchical analysis"> hierarchical analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=2-D%20histogram" title=" 2-D histogram"> 2-D histogram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Classification." title=" Classification."> Classification.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003798/image-segmentation-using-2-d-histogram-in-rgb-color-space-in-digital-libraries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003798/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003798/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003798/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003798/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003798/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003798/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003798/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003798/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003798/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003798/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003798.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1626</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">446</span> Creating the Color Panoramic View using Medley of Grayscale and Color Partial Images</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dr.%20H.%20B.%20Kekre">Dr. H. B. Kekre</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sudeep%20D.%20Thepade"> Sudeep D. Thepade</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Panoramic view generation has always offered novel and distinct challenges in the field of image processing. Panoramic view generation is nothing but construction of bigger view mosaic image from set of partial images of the desired view. The paper presents a solution to one of the problems of image seascape formation where some of the partial images are color and others are grayscale. The simplest solution could be to convert all image parts into grayscale images and fusing them to get grayscale image panorama. But in the multihued world, obtaining the colored seascape will always be preferred. This could be achieved by picking colors from the color parts and squirting them in grayscale parts of the seascape. So firstly the grayscale image parts should be colored with help of color image parts and then these parts should be fused to construct the seascape image. The problem of coloring grayscale images has no exact solution. In the proposed technique of panoramic view generation, the job of transferring color traits from reference color image to grayscale image is done by palette based method. In this technique, the color palette is prepared using pixel windows of some degrees taken from color image parts. Then the grayscale image part is divided into pixel windows with same degrees. For every window of grayscale image part the palette is searched and equivalent color values are found, which could be used to color grayscale window. For palette preparation we have used RGB color space and Kekre-s LUV color space. Kekre-s LUV color space gives better quality of coloring. The searching time through color palette is improved over the exhaustive search using Kekre-s fast search technique. After coloring the grayscale image pieces the next job is fusion of all these pieces to obtain panoramic view. For similarity estimation between partial images correlation coefficient is used. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Panoramic%20View" title="Panoramic View">Panoramic View</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Similarity%20Estimate" title=" Similarity Estimate"> Similarity Estimate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Color%0ATransfer" title=" Color Transfer"> Color Transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Color%20Palette" title=" Color Palette"> Color Palette</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kekre%27s%20Fast%20Search" title=" Kekre's Fast Search"> Kekre's Fast Search</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kekre%27s%20LUV" title=" Kekre's LUV"> Kekre's LUV</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3803/creating-the-color-panoramic-view-using-medley-of-grayscale-and-color-partial-images" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3803/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3803/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3803/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3803/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3803/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3803/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3803/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3803/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3803/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3803/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3803.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1753</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">445</span> Color and Layout-based Identification of Documents Captured from Handheld Devices </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ardhendu%20Behera">Ardhendu Behera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Denis%20Lalanne"> Denis Lalanne</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Rolf%20Ingold"> Rolf Ingold </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper proposes a method, combining color and layout features, for identifying documents captured from low-resolution handheld devices. On one hand, the document image color density surface is estimated and represented with an equivalent ellipse and on the other hand, the document shallow layout structure is computed and hierarchically represented. Our identification method first uses the color information in the documents in order to focus the search space on documents having a similar color distribution, and finally selects the document having the most similar layout structure in the remaining of the search space. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Document%20color%20modeling" title="Document color modeling">Document color modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=document%20visualsignature" title=" document visualsignature"> document visualsignature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=kernel%20density%20estimation" title=" kernel density estimation"> kernel density estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=document%20identification." title=" document identification."> document identification.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/625/color-and-layout-based-identification-of-documents-captured-from-handheld-devices" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/625/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/625/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/625/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/625/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/625/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/625/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/625/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/625/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/625/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/625/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/625.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1571</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">444</span> Content-Based Image Retrieval Using HSV Color Space Features</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hamed%20Qazanfari">Hamed Qazanfari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hamid%20Hassanpour"> Hamid Hassanpour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kazem%20Qazanfari"> Kazem Qazanfari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this paper, a method is provided for content-based image retrieval. Content-based image retrieval system searches query an image based on its visual content in an image database to retrieve similar images. In this paper, with the aim of simulating the human visual system sensitivity to image's edges and color features, the concept of color difference histogram (CDH) is used. CDH includes the perceptually color difference between two neighboring pixels with regard to colors and edge orientations. Since the HSV color space is close to the human visual system, the CDH is calculated in this color space. In addition, to improve the color features, the color histogram in HSV color space is also used as a feature. Among the extracted features, efficient features are selected using entropy and correlation criteria. The final features extract the content of images most efficiently. The proposed method has been evaluated on three standard databases Corel 5k, Corel 10k and UKBench. Experimental results show that the accuracy of the proposed image retrieval method is significantly improved compared to the recently developed methods.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Content-based%20image%20retrieval" title="Content-based image retrieval">Content-based image retrieval</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=color%20difference%20histogram" title=" color difference histogram"> color difference histogram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=efficient%20features%20selection" title=" efficient features selection"> efficient features selection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=entropy" title=" entropy"> entropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=correlation." title=" correlation. "> correlation. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010804/content-based-image-retrieval-using-hsv-color-space-features" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010804/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010804/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010804/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010804/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010804/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010804/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010804/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010804/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010804/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010804/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010804.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">660</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">443</span> Efficient HAAR Wavelet Transform with Embedded Zerotrees of Wavelet Compression for Color Images</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Piramu%20Kailasam">S. Piramu Kailasam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This study is expected to compress true color image with compression algorithms in color spaces to provide high compression rates. The need of high compression ratio is to improve storage space. Alternative aim is to rank compression algorithms in a suitable color space. The dataset is sequence of true color images with size 128 x 128. HAAR Wavelet is one of the famous wavelet transforms, has great potential and maintains image quality of color images. HAAR wavelet Transform using Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Trees (SPIHT) algorithm with different color spaces framework is applied to compress sequence of images with angles. Embedded Zerotrees of Wavelet (EZW) is a powerful standard method to sequence data. Hence the proposed compression frame work of HAAR wavelet, xyz color space, morphological gradient and applied image with EZW compression, obtained improvement to other methods, in terms of Compression Ratio, Mean Square Error, Peak Signal Noise Ratio and Bits Per Pixel quality measures.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Color%20Spaces" title="Color Spaces">Color Spaces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=HAAR%20Wavelet" title=" HAAR Wavelet"> HAAR Wavelet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Morphological%20Gradient" title=" Morphological Gradient"> Morphological Gradient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Embedded%20Zerotrees%20Wavelet%20Compression." title=" Embedded Zerotrees Wavelet Compression."> Embedded Zerotrees Wavelet Compression.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011577/efficient-haar-wavelet-transform-with-embedded-zerotrees-of-wavelet-compression-for-color-images" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011577/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011577/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011577/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011577/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011577/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011577/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011577/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011577/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011577/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011577/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011577.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">518</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">442</span> Grouping and Indexing Color Features for Efficient Image Retrieval </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20V.%20Sudhamani">M. V. Sudhamani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=C.%20R.%20Venugopal"> C. R. Venugopal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Content-based Image Retrieval (CBIR) aims at searching image databases for specific images that are similar to a given query image based on matching of features derived from the image content. This paper focuses on a low-dimensional color based indexing technique for achieving efficient and effective retrieval performance. In our approach, the color features are extracted using the mean shift algorithm, a robust clustering technique. Then the cluster (region) mode is used as representative of the image in 3-D color space. The feature descriptor consists of the representative color of a region and is indexed using a spatial indexing method that uses *R -tree thus avoiding the high-dimensional indexing problems associated with the traditional color histogram. Alternatively, the images in the database are clustered based on region feature similarity using Euclidian distance. Only representative (centroids) features of these clusters are indexed using *R -tree thus improving the efficiency. For similarity retrieval, each representative color in the query image or region is used independently to find regions containing that color. The results of these methods are compared. A JAVA based query engine supporting query-by- example is built to retrieve images by color.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Content-based" title="Content-based">Content-based</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=indexing" title=" indexing"> indexing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=cluster" title=" cluster"> cluster</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=region." title=" region."> region.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4237/grouping-and-indexing-color-features-for-efficient-image-retrieval" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4237/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4237/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4237/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4237/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4237/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4237/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4237/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4237/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4237/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4237/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4237.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1812</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">441</span> Destination Port Detection for Vessels: An Analytic Tool for Optimizing Port Authorities Resources</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Lubna%20Eljabu">Lubna Eljabu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohammad%20Etemad"> Mohammad Etemad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Stan%20Matwin"> Stan Matwin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Port authorities have many challenges in congested <span style="background-color: initial;">ports to allocate their resources to provide a safe and secure </span><span style="background-color: initial;">loading/unloading procedure for cargo vessels. Selecting a destination </span><span style="background-color: initial;">port is the decision of a vessel master based on many factors such </span><span style="background-color: initial;">as weather, wavelength and changes of priorities. Having access </span><span style="background-color: initial;">to a tool which leverages Automatic Identification System (AIS) </span><span style="background-color: initial;">messages to monitor vessel鈥檚 movements and accurately predict their </span><span style="background-color: initial;">next destination port promotes an effective resource allocation process </span><span style="background-color: initial;">for port authorities. In this research, we propose a method, namely, </span><span style="background-color: initial;">Reference Route of Trajectory (RRoT) to assist port authorities in </span><span style="background-color: initial;">predicting inflow and outflow traffic in their local environment by </span><span style="background-color: initial;">monitoring AIS messages. Our RRo method creates a reference </span><span style="background-color: initial;">route based on historical AIS messages. It utilizes some of the best </span><span style="background-color: initial;">trajectory similarity measures to identify the destination of a vessel </span><span style="background-color: initial;">using their recent movement. We evaluated five different similarity </span><span style="background-color: initial;">measures such as Discrete Frechet Distance (DFD), Dynamic Time 麓 </span><span style="background-color: initial;">Warping (DTW), Partial Curve Mapping (PCM), Area between two </span><span style="background-color: initial;">curves (Area) and Curve length (CL). Our experiments show that our </span><span style="background-color: initial;">method identifies the destination port with an accuracy of 98.97% </span><span style="background-color: initial;">and an f-measure of 99.08% using Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) </span><span style="background-color: initial;">similarity measure.</span></p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Spatial%20temporal%20data%20mining" title="Spatial temporal data mining">Spatial temporal data mining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=trajectory%20mining" title=" trajectory mining"> trajectory mining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=trajectory%20similarity" title=" trajectory similarity"> trajectory similarity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=resource%20optimization." title=" resource optimization."> resource optimization.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012198/destination-port-detection-for-vessels-an-analytic-tool-for-optimizing-port-authorities-resources" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012198/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012198/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012198/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012198/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012198/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012198/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012198/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012198/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012198/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012198/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012198.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">697</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">440</span> Combining Color and Layout Features for the Identification of Low-resolution Documents</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ardhendu%20Behera">Ardhendu Behera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Denis%20Lalanne"> Denis Lalanne</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Rolf%20Ingold"> Rolf Ingold</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper proposes a method, combining color and layout features, for identifying documents captured from lowresolution handheld devices. On one hand, the document image color density surface is estimated and represented with an equivalent ellipse and on the other hand, the document shallow layout structure is computed and hierarchically represented. The combined color and layout features are arranged in a symbolic file, which is unique for each document and is called the document-s visual signature. Our identification method first uses the color information in the signatures in order to focus the search space on documents having a similar color distribution, and finally selects the document having the most similar layout structure in the remaining search space. Finally, our experiment considers slide documents, which are often captured using handheld devices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Document%20color%20modeling" title="Document color modeling">Document color modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=document%20visual%0Asignature" title=" document visual signature"> document visual signature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=kernel%20density%20estimation" title=" kernel density estimation"> kernel density estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=document%20identification." title=" document identification."> document identification.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5747/combining-color-and-layout-features-for-the-identification-of-low-resolution-documents" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5747/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5747/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5747/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5747/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5747/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5747/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5747/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5747/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5747/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5747/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5747.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1375</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">439</span> Contrast Enhancement of Color Images with Color Morphing Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Javed%20Khan">Javed Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Aamir%20Saeed%20Malik"> Aamir Saeed Malik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nidal%20Kamel"> Nidal Kamel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sarat%20Chandra%20Dass"> Sarat Chandra Dass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Azura%20Mohd%20Affandi"> Azura Mohd Affandi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Low contrast images can result from the wrong setting of image acquisition or poor illumination conditions. Such images may not be visually appealing and can be difficult for feature extraction. Contrast enhancement of color images can be useful in medical area for visual inspection. In this paper, a new technique is proposed to improve the contrast of color images. The RGB (red, green, blue) color image is transformed into normalized RGB color space. Adaptive histogram equalization technique is applied to each of the three channels of normalized RGB color space. The corresponding channels in the original image (low contrast) and that of contrast enhanced image with adaptive histogram equalization (AHE) are morphed together in proper proportions. The proposed technique is tested on seventy color images of acne patients. The results of the proposed technique are analyzed using cumulative variance and contrast improvement factor measures. The results are also compared with decorrelation stretch. Both subjective and quantitative analysis demonstrates that the proposed techniques outperform the other techniques.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Contrast%20enhancement" title="Contrast enhancement">Contrast enhancement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=normalized%20RGB" title=" normalized RGB"> normalized RGB</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=adaptive%20histogram%20equalization" title=" adaptive histogram equalization"> adaptive histogram equalization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=cumulative%20variance." title=" cumulative variance."> cumulative variance.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006937/contrast-enhancement-of-color-images-with-color-morphing-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006937/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006937/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006937/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006937/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006937/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006937/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006937/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006937/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006937/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006937/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006937.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1105</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">438</span> Tomato Fruit Color Changes During Ripening On Vine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Radzevi%C4%8Dius">A. Radzevi膷ius</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=P.%20Vi%C5%A1kelis"> P. Vi拧kelis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20Vi%C5%A1kelis"> J. Vi拧kelis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=R.%20Karklelien%C4%97"> R. Karklelien臈</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=D.%20Ju%C5%A1kevi%C4%8Dien%C4%97"> D. Ju拧kevi膷ien臈</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Tomato (<em>Lycopersicon esculentum</em> Mill.) hybrid 'Brooklyn' was investigated at the LRCAF Institute of Horticulture. For investigation, five green tomatoes, which were grown on vine, were selected. Color measurements were made in the greenhouse with the same selected tomato fruits (fruits were not harvested and were growing and ripening on tomato vine through all experiment) in every two days while tomatoes fruits became fully ripen. Study showed that color index L has tendency to decline and established determination coefficient (R<sup>2</sup>) was 0.9504. Also, hue angle has tendency to decline during tomato fruit ripening on vine and it’s coefficient of determination (R<sup>2</sup>) reached – 0.9739. Opposite tendency was determined with color index a*, which has tendency to increase during tomato ripening and that was expressed by polynomial trendline where coefficient of determination (R<sup>2</sup>) reached – 0.9592.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Color" title="Color">Color</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=color%20index" title=" color index"> color index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ripening" title=" ripening"> ripening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=tomato." title=" tomato."> tomato.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997466/tomato-fruit-color-changes-during-ripening-on-vine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997466/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997466/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997466/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997466/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997466/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997466/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997466/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997466/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997466/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997466/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997466.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">4243</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">437</span> Design and Development of 5-DOF Color Sorting Manipulator for Industrial Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Atef.%20A.%20Ata"> Atef. A. Ata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sohair%20F.%20Rezeka"> Sohair F. Rezeka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ahmed%20El-Shenawy"> Ahmed El-Shenawy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohammed%20Diab"> Mohammed Diab</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Image processing in today’s world grabs massive attentions as it leads to possibilities of broaden application in many fields of high technology. The real challenge is how to improve existing sorting system applications which consists of two integrated stations of processing and handling with a new image processing feature. Existing color sorting techniques use a set of inductive, capacitive, and optical sensors to differentiate object color. This research presents a mechatronic color sorting system solution with the application of image processing. A 5-DOF robot arm is designed and developed with pick and place operation to act as the main part of the color sorting system. Image processing procedure senses the circular objects in an image captured in real time by a webcam fixed at the end-effector then extracts color and position information out of it. This information is passed as a sequence of sorting commands to the manipulator that has pick-and-place mechanism. Performance analysis proves that this color based object sorting system works accurately under ideal condition in term of adequate illumination, circular objects shape and color. The circular objects tested for sorting are red, green and blue. For non-ideal condition, such as unspecified color the accuracy reduces to 80%.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Robotics%20manipulator" title="Robotics manipulator">Robotics manipulator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=5-DOF%20manipulator" title=" 5-DOF manipulator"> 5-DOF manipulator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=image%20processing" title=" image processing"> image processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Color%20sorting" title=" Color sorting"> Color sorting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pick-and-place." title=" Pick-and-place."> Pick-and-place.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996761/design-and-development-of-5-dof-color-sorting-manipulator-for-industrial-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996761/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996761/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996761/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996761/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996761/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996761/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996761/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996761/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996761/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996761/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996761.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">4219</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">436</span> Extracting Road Signs using the Color Information</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Wen-Yen%20Wu">Wen-Yen Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Tsung-Cheng%20Hsieh"> Tsung-Cheng Hsieh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ching-Sung%20Lai"> Ching-Sung Lai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we propose a method to extract the road signs. Firstly, the grabbed image is converted into the HSV color space to detect the road signs. Secondly, the morphological operations are used to reduce noise. Finally, extract the road sign using the geometric property. The feature extraction of road sign is done by using the color information. The proposed method has been tested for the real situations. From the experimental results, it is seen that the proposed method can extract the road sign features effectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Color%20information" title="Color information">Color information</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=image%20processing" title=" image processing"> image processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=road%20sign." title=" road sign."> road sign.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/890/extracting-road-signs-using-the-color-information" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/890/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/890/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/890/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/890/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/890/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/890/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/890/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/890/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/890/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/890/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/890.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2241</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">435</span> Hybrid Color-Texture Space for Image Classification</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hassan%20El%20Maia">Hassan El Maia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ahmed%20Hammouch"> Ahmed Hammouch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Driss%20Aboutajdine"> Driss Aboutajdine</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This work presents an approach for the construction of a hybrid color-texture space by using mutual information. Feature extraction is done by the Laws filter with SVM (Support Vectors Machine) as a classifier. The classification is applied on the VisTex database and a SPOT HRV (XS) image representing two forest areas in the region of Rabat in Morocco. The result of classification obtained in the hybrid space is compared with the one obtained in the RGB color space.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Color" title="Color">Color</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=texture" title=" texture"> texture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=laws%20filter" title=" laws filter"> laws filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=mutual%20information" title=" mutual information"> mutual information</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=SVM" title=" SVM"> SVM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=hybrid%20space." title=" hybrid space."> hybrid space.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8321/hybrid-color-texture-space-for-image-classification" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8321/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8321/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8321/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8321/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8321/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8321/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8321/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8321/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8321/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary 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