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Valeriana edulis var. ciliata (Edible valerian) - Michigan Natural Features Inventory
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Buren","Washtenaw"],"OCCURRENCES":[4,5,2,1,1,6,2,2,3,6],"LASTOBS_YEAR":["2013","2009","1999","1954","1975","2024","1949","1947","2013","2012"],"CO_MIRIS":[11,14,30,38,39,46,47,63,80,81],"HISTORICAL_OCCURRENCES":[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0]}}'; </script> <div id="section-content" class="species-description"> <h1 id="sp-descrip-sname"><i>Valeriana edulis</i> var. <i>ciliata</i> <span id="sp-descrip-cname">Edible valerian</span></h1> <div id="element-photos"> <div class="slider"> <div style="background-color:white"><figure><img style="margin:auto;vertical-align:middle" src="/element-images/Valeriana-edulis-var.-ciliata-4057.jpg" alt="species photo" /><figcaption>Ryan P. O'Connor</figcaption></figure></div> <div style="background-color:white"><figure><img style="margin:auto;vertical-align:middle" src="/element-images/Valeriana-edulis-var.-ciliata-4058.jpg" alt="species photo" /><figcaption>Charles Peirce</figcaption></figure></div> <div style="background-color:white"><figure><img style="margin:auto;vertical-align:middle" src="/element-images/Valeriana-edulis-var.-ciliata-4059.jpg" alt="species photo" /><figcaption>Charles Peirce</figcaption></figure></div> <div style="background-color:white"><figure><img style="margin:auto;vertical-align:middle" src="/element-images/Valeriana-edulis-var.-ciliata-4795.jpg" alt="species photo" /><figcaption>Susan R. Crispin</figcaption></figure></div> <div style="background-color:white"><figure><img style="margin:auto;vertical-align:middle" src="/element-images/Valeriana-edulis-var.-ciliata-4796.jpg" alt="species photo" /><figcaption>Susan R. Crispin</figcaption></figure></div> </div> </div> <div id="characteristics" class="description narrow"> <h2>Key Characteristics</h2> <p>Low forb of calcareous fens; succulent stems arise from a rosette, with leaf margins that very densely ciliate; inflorescence white, becoming longer than broad.</p> </div> <div id="status-rank" class="description narrow"> <h2>Status and Rank</h2> <p> <span>US Status: </span>No Status/Not Listed<br /> <span>State Status: </span>T - Threatened (legally protected)<br /> <span>Global Rank: </span>G5T3<br /> <span>State Rank: </span>S2 - Imperiled<br /> </p> </div> <div id="occurrences" class="description"> <h2>Occurrences</h2> <div id="map"></div> <div id="occurrences-table-wrap"> <table id="occurrences-table"> <thead><tr><th>County</th><th>Number of Occurrences</th><th>Year Last Observed</th></tr></thead> <tbody> <tr class="odd"> <td>Berrien</td> <td>4</td> <td>2013 </td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td>Cass</td> <td>5</td> <td>2009 </td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td>Hillsdale</td> <td>2</td> <td>1999 </td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td>Jackson</td> <td>1</td> <td>1954 </td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td>Kalamazoo</td> <td>1</td> <td>1975 </td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td>Lenawee</td> <td>6</td> <td>2024 </td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td>Livingston</td> <td>2</td> <td>1949 </td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td>Oakland</td> <td>2</td> <td>1947 </td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td>Van Buren</td> <td>3</td> <td>2013 </td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td>Washtenaw</td> <td>6</td> <td>2012 </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <p>Information is summarized from MNFI's database of rare species and community occurrences. Data may not reflect true distribution since much of the state has not been thoroughly surveyed.</p> </div> <div class="description"> <h2 class="section">Habitat</h2> <p>Edible valerian occurs in alkaline fens in southern Lower Michigan.</p> </div> <div class="description"> <h2 class="section">Natural Community Types</h2> <ul> <li><a href="/communities/description/10667/prairie-fen">Prairie fen</a></li> </ul> <button id="methodology-toggle">Methodology</button> <div id="methodology-text"> <p>For each species, lists of natural communities were derived from review of the nearly 6,500 element occurrences in the MNFI database, in addition to herbarium label data for some taxa. In most cases, at least one specimen record exists for each listed natural community. For certain taxa, especially poorly collected or extirpated species of prairie and savanna habitats, natural community lists were derived from inferences from collection sites and habitat preferences in immediately adjacent states (particularly Indiana and Illinois). Natural communities are not listed for those species documented only from altered or ruderal habitats in Michigan, especially for taxa that occur in a variety of habitats outside of the state.</p> <p>Natural communities are not listed in order of frequency of occurrence, but are rather derived from the full set of natural communities, organized by Ecological Group. In many cases, the general habitat descriptions should provide greater clarity and direction to the surveyor. In future versions of the Rare Species Explorer, we hope to incorporate natural community fidelity ranks for each taxon.</p> </div> </div> <div class="description"> <h2 class="section">Associated Plants</h2> <p><strong>Trees: </strong><em>Larix laricina </em>(tamarack).</p> <p><strong>Shrubs: </strong><em>Betula pumila</em> (bog birch), <em>Cornus</em> spp. (dogwoods), <em>Dasiphora fruticosa</em> (shrubby cinquefoil), <em>Rhamnus alnifolia </em>(alder-leaved buckthorn), <em>Salix</em> spp. (willows), and <em>Spiraea alba</em> (meadowsweet).</p> <p><strong>Ground layer: </strong><em>Andropogon gerardii</em> (big bluestem), <em>Arnoglossum plantagineum</em> (prairie Indian-plantain), <em>Calamagrostis canadensis</em> (blue-joint grass), <em>Campanula aparinoides</em> (marsh bellflower), <em>Carex interior</em> (inland sedge), <em>C. sterilis</em> (sterile sedge), <em>C. stricta</em> (tussock sedge), <em>C. tetanica</em> (rigid sedge), <em>Cicuta maculata</em> (water hemlock), <em>Cladium mariscoides</em> (twig-rush), <em>Eleocharis elliptica</em> (golden-seeded spike-rush), <em>Eupatorium perfoliatum</em> (common boneset), <em>Eutrochium maculatum</em> (Joe-pye-weed), <em>Juncus</em> spp. (rushes), <em>Lysimachia quadriflora</em> (whorled loosestrife), <em>Parnassia glauca </em>(grass-of-parnassus), <em>Pilea fontana</em> (bog clearweed), <em>Platanthera leucophaea</em> (prairie fringed-orchid), <em>Pycnanthemum virginianum</em> (Virginia mountain mint), <em>Rudbeckia hirta</em> (black-eyed Susan), <em>Schizachyrium scoparium</em> (little bluestem), <em>Schoenoplectus acutus</em> (hardstem bulrush), <em>S. pungens</em> (three-square), <em>Solidago ohioensis</em> (Ohio goldenrod), <em>S. riddellii</em> (Riddell's goldenrod), <em>Sorghastrum nutans</em> (Indian grass), <em>Sporobolus heterolepis</em> (prairie dropseed), and <em>Thelypteris palustris</em> (marsh fern).</p> </div> <div class="description"> <h2 class="section">Management Recommendations</h2> <p>This species requires protection of the hydrology, groundwater source, and natural disturbance regime. This species benefits from fen management that includes prescribed fire and brush removal, which maintains open habitat and reduces competing woody vegetation. Control invasive species, especially glossy buckthorn and purple loosestrife. Protect habitat from being drained and developed.</p> </div> <div id="description-survey-methods" class="description"> <h2 class="section">Survey Methods</h2> <p>Random meander search covers areas that appear likely to have rare taxa, based on habitat and the judgement of the investigator.</p> <ul class="list-survey-methods"> <li> <h3>Meander search</h3> <ul class="list-survey-periods"> <li> <p>Survey Period: From first week of May to fourth week of June</p> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div id="references" class="description"> <h2 class="section">References</h2> <h3>Survey References</h3> <ul> <li>Elzinga, C.L., D.W. Salzer, and J.W. Willoughby. 1998. Measuring and Monitoring Plant Populations. The Nature Conservancy and Bureau of Land Management, Denver. BLM Technical Reference 1730-1. 477pp.</li> </ul> <ul> <li>Goff, G.F., G.A. Dawson, and J.J. Rochow. 1982. Site examination for Threatened and Endangered plant species. Environmental Management 6(4): 307-316</li> </ul> <ul> <li>Nelson, J.R. 1984. Rare Plant Field Survey Guidelines. In: J.P. Smith and R. York. Inventory of rare and endangered vascular plants of California. 3rd Ed. California Native Plant Society, Berkeley. 174pp.</li> </ul> <ul> <li>Nelson, J.R. 1986. Rare Plant Surveys: Techniques For Impact Assessment. Natural Areas Journal 5(3):18-30.</li> </ul> <ul> <li>Nelson, J.R. 1987. Rare Plant Surveys: Techniques for Impact Assessment. In: Conservation and management of rare and endangered plants. Ed. T.S. Elias. California Native Plant Society, Sacramento. 8pp.</li> </ul> <h3>Technical References</h3> <ul> <li>Coffin, B. and L. Pfannmuller, eds. 1988. Minnesota's Endangered Flora and Fauna. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis. 473pp.</li> </ul> <ul> <li>Cooperrider, T.S. 1995. The Dicotyledonae of Ohio Part 2. Linaceae through Campanulaceae. Ohio State University Press, Columbus. 656pp.</li> </ul> <ul> <li>Deam, C. C. 1940. Flora of Indiana. Department of Conservation, Indianapolis. 1236pp.</li> </ul> <ul> <li>Gleason, H. A., and A. Cronquist. 1991. Manual of Vascular Plants of Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada. Second edition. The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx. 910pp.</li> </ul> <ul> <li>Gray, A. 1950. Gray's Manual of Botany; eighth ed. Van Nostrand Reinghold, New York. 1632pp.</li> </ul> <ul> <li>Holmgren, N.H. 1998. Illustrated Companion to Gleason and Cronquist's Manual. Illustrations of the vascular plants of Northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. New York Botanical Garden, Bronx. 937pp.</li> </ul> <ul> <li>Mohlenbrock, R.H. 1986. Guide to the Vascular Flora of Illinois. Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale. 507pp.</li> </ul> <ul> <li>Swink, F. and G. Wilhelm. 1994. Plants of the Chicago Region, 4th ed. Indiana Academy of Science, Indianapolis. 921pp.</li> </ul> <ul> <li>Voss, E.G. 1996. Michigan Flora. Part III. Dicots (Pyrolaceae-Compositae). Bulletin of the Cranbrook Institute of Science and University of Michigan Herbarium. 622pp.</li> </ul> </div> <div id="more-info" class="description"> <h2 class="description">More Information</h2> <ul> <li><a href="/abstracts/botany/Valeriana_edulis_var_ciliata.pdf">Valeriana edulis var. ciliata abstract</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <script> $(document).ready(function(){ $( "#methodology-toggle" ).button({ icon: "ui-icon-triangle-1-s" }); $( "#methodology-toggle" ).on("click", function(e){ e.preventDefault(); $(this).children().toggleClass("ui-icon-triangle-1-s ui-icon-triangle-1-n"); $( "#methodology-text" ).slideToggle("fast"); }); $("#occurrences-table").DataTable({ paging: false, info: false, searching: false, scrollY: 450, autoWidth: true, columns: [ {title: "County", className: "text-left-align" }, {title: "Occurrences", className: "number-right-align" }, {title: "Year Last Observed", className: "number-right-align" } ], "language": {"emptyTable": "No known occurrences"} }); $('.slider').bxSlider({ captions: true, slideWidth: 350, slideHeight: 350 }); }); proj4.defs("EPSG:3078","+proj=omerc +lat_0=45.30916666666666 +lonc=-86 +alpha=337.25556 +k=0.9996 +x_0=2546731.496 +y_0=-4354009.816 +no_uoff +gamma=337.25556 +ellps=GRS80 +towgs84=0,0,0,0,0,0,0 +units=m +no_defs"); var projectionMichGeoRef = ol.proj.get("EPSG:3078"); projectionMichGeoRef.setExtent([154193.744177, 128062.905669, 792257.259494, 862662.270712]); var countySource = new ol.source.Vector({ url: "/data/county-polys.txt", format: new ol.format.GeoJSON({ projection: projectionMichGeoRef, defaultDataProjection: projectionMichGeoRef }) }); var countyLayer = new ol.layer.Vector({ source: countySource, style: styleFunction }); var defaultStyle = new ol.style.Style({ fill: new ol.style.Fill({ color: [250,250,250,1] }), stroke: new ol.style.Stroke({ color: [120,120,120,1], width: 1 }) }); styleCache = {}; function styleFunction(feature, resolution) { var presence = feature.get('present'); if (presence != 'true') { return [defaultStyle]; } // check the cache and create a new style if its not been created before. if (!styleCache[presence]) { styleCache[presence] = new ol.style.Style({ fill: new ol.style.Fill({ color: "#0A8165" }), stroke: new ol.style.Stroke({ color: [220,220,220,1], width: 1 }) }); } return [styleCache[presence]]; } var view = new ol.View({ projection: projectionMichGeoRef,zoom: 1, center: [490000,490000]}); // var map = new ol.Map({ interactions: ol.interaction.defaults({ dragPan: false, mouseWheelZoom:false }), controls: [], target: "map", layers: [countyLayer], //overlays: [overlay], view: view, logo: false }); var highlightStyleCache = {}; var featureOverlay = new ol.layer.Vector({ source: new ol.source.Vector(), map: map, style: function(feature, resolution) { var text = feature.get('CNTYNAME_M'); if (!highlightStyleCache[text]) { highlightStyleCache[text] = new ol.style.Style({ stroke: new ol.style.Stroke({ color: '#ccc', width: 1 }), fill: new ol.style.Fill({ color: 'rgba(128,128,128,0.1)' }), text: new ol.style.Text({ font: '20px Calibri,sans-serif', text: text, fill: new ol.style.Fill({ color: '#000' }), stroke: new ol.style.Stroke({ color: '#eee', width: 3 }) }) }); } return highlightStyleCache[text]; } }); var highlight; var displayFeatureInfo = function(pixel) { var feature = map.forEachFeatureAtPixel(pixel, function(feature) { return feature; }); if (feature !== highlight) { if (highlight) { featureOverlay.getSource().removeFeature(highlight); } if (feature) { featureOverlay.getSource().addFeature(feature); } highlight = feature; } }; map.on('pointermove', function(evt) { if (evt.dragging) { return; } var pixel = map.getEventPixel(evt.originalEvent); displayFeatureInfo(pixel); }); map.on('click', function(evt) { displayFeatureInfo(evt.pixel); }); obj = $.parseJSON(eocounty); countySource.once('change', function(evt){ if (countySource.getState() == 'ready') { view.fit(countySource.getExtent(),{padding: [25, 25, 25, 25], constrainResolution: false}); countyLayer.getSource().forEachFeature(function(feature) { var code = feature.get('CO_MIRIS'); if (obj.DATA.CO_MIRIS.indexOf(code) != -1) { feature.set('present', 'true'); feature.set('lastobs', obj.DATA.LASTOBS_YEAR[obj.DATA.CO_MIRIS.indexOf(code)]); } },"json"); } }); </script> </main> <div id="menu-footer" class="menu"> <nav aria-label="Secondary MNFI website"> <ul> <li><a href="/">Home</a></li> <li><a href="/services">Services</a></li> <li><a href="/species">Plants & Animals</a></li> <li><a href="/communities">Natural Communities</a></li> <li><a href="/resources">Resources</a></li> <li><a href="/publications">Publications</a></li> <li><a href="/programs">Projects & Programs</a></li> <li><a href="/about">About</a></li> </ul> </nav> <nav aria-label="Social media links"> <ul id="social"> <li><a href="https://www.facebook.com/michiganNFI/"><i aria-hidden="true" title="MNFI on Facebook" class="fab fa-facebook"></i><span class="sr-only">Link to MNFI on Facebook</span></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.instagram.com/mnfi.msue/"><i aria-hidden="true" title="MNFI on Instagram" class="fab fa-instagram"></i><span class="sr-only">Link to MNFI on Instagram</span></a></li> <li><a href="https://twitter.com/michiganNFI/"><i aria-hidden="true" title="MNFI on Twitter" class="fab fa-twitter"></i><span class="sr-only">Link to MNFI on Twitter</span></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC62QmxRBrqeX-CB-QAXj1Yg"><i aria-hidden="true" title="MNFI on YouTube" class="fab fa-youtube"></i><span class="sr-only">Link to MNFI on YouTube</span></a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> <footer id="footer"> <div class="MSUwrapper light-background" id="MSUstandardFooter"> <div id="standard-footer-MSU-wordmark"> <a href="https://msu.edu"> <!-- Use green MSU wordmark --> <img alt="Michigan State University Wordmark" class="screen-msuwordmark" src="/images/msu-wordmark-green-221x47.png" height="47" width="221" /> <img alt="Michigan State University Wordmark" class="print-msuwordmark" src="/images/msu-wordmark-black-221x47.png" height="47" width="221" /> </a> </div> <div id="standard-footer-site-links"> <ul> <li>Call us: <strong>(517) 284-6200</strong></li> <li><a href="/about/contact-us">Contact Information</a></li> <li><a href="/sitemap">Site Map</a></li> <li><a href="/privacy">Privacy Statement</a></li> <li><a href="/accessibility">Site Accessibility</a></li> </ul> </div> <div id="standard-footer-MSU-info"> <ul> <li>Call MSU: <span class="msu-phone"><strong>(517) 355-1855</strong></span></li> <li>Visit: <strong><a href="https://msu.edu">msu.edu</a></strong></li> <li>MSU is an affirmative-action, equal-opportunity employer.</li> <li><a href="https://oie.msu.edu/"><strong>Notice of Nondiscrimination</strong></a></li> </ul> <ul> <li class="spartans-will">Spartans Will.</li> <li>©Michigan State University</li> </ul> </div> </div> </footer> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_Incapsula_Resource?SWJIYLWA=719d34d31c8e3a6e6fffd425f7e032f3&ns=1&cb=1761105099" async></script></body> </html>