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Available in 17 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-17" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">17 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dey_(titul)" title="Dey (titul) – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Dey (titul)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%87" title="দেই – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="দেই" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dey" title="Dey – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Dey" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dey" title="Dey – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Dey" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%AE%CF%82_(%CF%84%CE%AF%CF%84%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%82)" title="Νταής (τίτλος) – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Νταής (τίτλος)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C_(%D8%B9%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86)" title="دایی (عنوان) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دایی (عنوان)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dey_(titre)" title="Dey (titre) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Dey (titre)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dey" title="Dey – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Dey" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%99%D7%99" title="דיי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="דיי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dei_(titel)" title="Dei (titel) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Dei (titel)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%87%E3%82%A4_(%E3%82%AA%E3%82%B9%E3%83%9E%E3%83%B3%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD)" title="デイ (オスマン帝国) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="デイ (オスマン帝国)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dey" title="Dey – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Dey" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%B9_(%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BB)" title="Дей (титул) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Дей (титул)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dey" title="Dey – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Dey" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dej" title="Dej – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Dej" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Day%C4%B1_(%C3%BCnvan)" title="Dayı (ünvan) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Dayı (ünvan)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Ottoman title</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Dey_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Dey (disambiguation)">Dey (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For Janissaries in Serbia, see <a href="/wiki/Dahija" class="mw-redirect" title="Dahija">Dahija</a>.</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BainbridgeTribute.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/BainbridgeTribute.jpg/170px-BainbridgeTribute.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="218" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/BainbridgeTribute.jpg/255px-BainbridgeTribute.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/BainbridgeTribute.jpg/340px-BainbridgeTribute.jpg 2x" data-file-width="799" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">American</a> commander <a href="/wiki/William_Bainbridge" title="William Bainbridge">William Bainbridge</a> paying tribute to the dey, circa 1800</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Dey</b> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">داي</span>),<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> from the Turkish<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> honorific title <i>dayı</i>, literally meaning uncle, was the title given to the rulers of the regencies of <a href="/wiki/Regency_of_Algiers" title="Regency of Algiers">Algiers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Regency_of_Tripolitania" class="mw-redirect" title="Regency of Tripolitania">Tripolitania</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-be203_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-be203-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Regency_of_Tunis" class="mw-redirect" title="Regency of Tunis">Tunis</a> under the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a> from 1671 onwards. Twenty-nine <i>deys</i> held office from the establishment of the deylicate in Algeria until the French conquest in 1830.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The dey was chosen by local civilian, military, and religious leaders to govern for life and ruled with a high degree of autonomy from the Ottoman <a href="/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan">sultan</a>. The main sources of his revenues were taxes on the agricultural population, religious tributes, and protection payments rendered by <a href="/wiki/Barbary_corsairs" class="mw-redirect" title="Barbary corsairs">Corsairs</a>, regarded as pirates who preyed on <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Sea" title="Mediterranean Sea">Mediterranean</a> shipping. In the European part of the Ottoman Empire, in particular during its decline, leaders of the outlawed janissary and <a href="/wiki/Yamaks" title="Yamaks">yamak troops</a> sometimes acquired title of Dahi or Dahia, which is derived from Dey.<sup id="cite_ref-Lazarovich-HrebelianovichLazarovich-Hrebelianovich1910_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lazarovich-HrebelianovichLazarovich-Hrebelianovich1910-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The dey was assisted in governing made up of the Chiefs of the Army and Navy, the Director of Shipping, the Treasurer-General and the Collector of Tributes. </p><p>The realm of the dey of Alger (Algiers) was divided into three provinces (<a href="/wiki/Constantine,_Algeria" title="Constantine, Algeria">Constantine</a>, Titteri and <a href="/wiki/Mascara,_Algeria" title="Mascara, Algeria">Mascara</a>), each of which was administered by a <a href="/wiki/Bey" title="Bey">bey</a> (باي) whom he appointed.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The rule of the deys of Alger came to an end on 5 July 1830, when <a href="/wiki/Hussein_Dey_(ruler)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hussein Dey (ruler)">Hussein Dey</a> (1765–1838) surrendered to invading <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">French</a> forces.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The last Dey of Tripoli was killed by <a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Karamanli" title="Ahmed Karamanli">Ahmed Karamanli</a>, who established the eponymous <a href="/wiki/Karamanli_dynasty" title="Karamanli dynasty">Karamanli dynasty</a> in 1711.<sup id="cite_ref-be204_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-be204-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Investiture_of_the_deys_of_Algiers">Investiture of the deys of Algiers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dey&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Investiture of the deys of Algiers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to Ottoman Algerian dignitary and scholar <a href="/wiki/Hamdan_Khodja" title="Hamdan Khodja">Hamdan khodja</a>, The Dey or Pasha can only be invested with this dignity by the members of the Divan in their presence, and even when the <a href="/wiki/Kaftan" title="Kaftan">kaftan</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Firman" title="Firman">firman</a> of the Ottoman Porte arrives, it is they who, after having made the election, designate the person of the sovereign to the envoy of the <a href="/wiki/Sublime_Porte" title="Sublime Porte">Sublime Porte</a> who comes to bring the nomination of whom they have already nominated. </p><p>At each <a href="/wiki/Bayram_(Turkey)" title="Bayram (Turkey)">bairam</a> (or feast), this ceremony is renewed in the following way: a meeting is held in a room; the Dey, the one who was appointed, places himself in the middle of the Divan; his re-election is proposed, and when this re-election is made, his diploma is returned to him; but if there is any difference of opinion, another dey is appointed in his place.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 18th century, following the coup of Baba Ali Chaouche, the Divan was weakened, as the Deys became stronger.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the 19th century, the Divan was mostly ignored, especially the private Janissary Divan. The dey's council, (also called Cabinet by William Shaler) became more and more powerful. Dey <a href="/wiki/Ali_Khodja" title="Ali Khodja">Ali Khodja</a> weakened the Janissary Divan to the point where they held no power. This angered the Janissaries, who launched a coup against the Dey. The coup failed, since the Dey successfully raised an army of Kabyle <a href="/wiki/Zwawa" class="mw-redirect" title="Zwawa">Zwawa</a> cavalry, Arab infantry and Kouloughli troops. Many of the Janissaries were executed, while the rest fled, and the Divan moved to the citadel of the <a href="/wiki/Casbah_of_Algiers" title="Casbah of Algiers">Casbah</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dey&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Pashas_and_Deys_of_Algiers" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Pashas and Deys of Algiers">List of Pashas and Deys of Algiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasha_of_Tripoli" title="Pasha of Tripoli">List of Pashas and Deys of Tripoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baig" class="mw-redirect" title="Baig">Baig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bey" title="Bey">Bey</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dey&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBertarelli1929" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Bertarelli, L.V. (1929). <i>Guida d'Italia, Vol. XVII</i> (in Italian). Milano: Consociazione Turistica Italiana.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Guida+d%27Italia%2C+Vol.+XVII&rft.place=Milano&rft.pub=Consociazione+Turistica+Italiana&rft.date=1929&rft.aulast=Bertarelli&rft.aufirst=L.V.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADey" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dey&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.m-w.com/dictionary/dey">Merriam-Webster Online - Dey</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/dey">Dictionary.com - Dey</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nisanyansozluk.com/?k=Day%C4%B1">"Nişanyan Sözlük - Türkçe Etimolojik Sözlük"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ni%C5%9Fanyan+S%C3%B6zl%C3%BCk+-+T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e+Etimolojik+S%C3%B6zl%C3%BCk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nisanyansozluk.com%2F%3Fk%3DDay%25C4%25B1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-be203-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-be203_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bertarelli (1929), p. 203.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/dey">"dey | Ottoman leader"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-09-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.atitle=dey+%7C+Ottoman+leader&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2Fdey&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lazarovich-HrebelianovichLazarovich-Hrebelianovich1910-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Lazarovich-HrebelianovichLazarovich-Hrebelianovich1910_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEleanor_Hulda1910" class="citation book cs1">Eleanor Hulda (1910). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nDhAAQAAMAAJ"><i>The Servian People: Their Past Glory and Their Destiny</i></a>. Charles Scibner's Sons. p. 333. <q>...Janissaries, who began to rule the provinces. Their agas and commanders took the title "Dahi," probably from "Dey," Dey being the title of the princes of the Barbary States of North Africa. The Janissaries ...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Servian+People%3A+Their+Past+Glory+and+Their+Destiny&rft.pages=333&rft.pub=Charles+Scibner%27s+Sons&rft.date=1910&rft.au=Eleanor+Hulda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnDhAAQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBelmessous2013" class="citation book cs1">Belmessous, Saliha (2013-03-21). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=I0l4iq0g0XcC&q=the+dey+of+algiers+appoint+the+beys&pg=PA119"><i>Assimilation and Empire: Uniformity in French and British Colonies, 1541-1954</i></a>. OUP Oxford. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780199579167" title="Special:BookSources/9780199579167"><bdi>9780199579167</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Assimilation+and+Empire%3A+Uniformity+in+French+and+British+Colonies%2C+1541-1954&rft.pub=OUP+Oxford&rft.date=2013-03-21&rft.isbn=9780199579167&rft.aulast=Belmessous&rft.aufirst=Saliha&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DI0l4iq0g0XcC%26q%3Dthe%2Bdey%2Bof%2Balgiers%2Bappoint%2Bthe%2Bbeys%26pg%3DPA119&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170518082445/http://settlercolonialism.matrix.msu.edu/exhibits/show/conquest-of-algiers/algiers-falls">"Algiers Falls to the French · Conquest of Algiers, 1827-1830 · Settler Colonialism Uncovered"</a>. <i>settlercolonialism.matrix.msu.edu</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://settlercolonialism.matrix.msu.edu/exhibits/show/conquest-of-algiers/algiers-falls">the original</a> on 2017-05-18<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-09-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=settlercolonialism.matrix.msu.edu&rft.atitle=Algiers+Falls+to+the+French+%C2%B7+Conquest+of+Algiers%2C+1827-1830+%C2%B7+Settler+Colonialism+Uncovered&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsettlercolonialism.matrix.msu.edu%2Fexhibits%2Fshow%2Fconquest-of-algiers%2Falgiers-falls&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-be204-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-be204_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bertarelli (1929), p. 204.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHamdan_Khodja1833" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Hamdan-Ben-Othman-Khoja (July 2016) [1833]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LZ9JvgAACAAJ"><i>Aperçu Historique Et Statistique Sur La Régence d'Alger, Intitulé En Arabe: Le Miroir</i></a> (in French). Hachette Livre. p. 79. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-01-371914-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-01-371914-8"><bdi>978-2-01-371914-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Aper%C3%A7u+Historique+Et+Statistique+Sur+La+R%C3%A9gence+d%27Alger%2C+Intitul%C3%A9+En+Arabe%3A+Le+Miroir&rft.pages=79&rft.pub=Hachette+Livre&rft.date=2016-07&rft.isbn=978-2-01-371914-8&rft.au=Hamdan-Ben-Othman-Khoja&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLZ9JvgAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoyer1973" class="citation journal cs1">Boyer, Pierre (1973). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.persee.fr/doc/remmm_0035-1474_1973_num_13_1_1200">"La révolution dite des "Aghas" dans la régence d'Alger (1659-1671)"</a>. <i>Revue des mondes musulmans et de la Méditerranée</i>. <b>13</b> (1): 159–170. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3406%2Fremmm.1973.1200">10.3406/remmm.1973.1200</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Revue+des+mondes+musulmans+et+de+la+M%C3%A9diterran%C3%A9e&rft.atitle=La+r%C3%A9volution+dite+des+%22Aghas%22+dans+la+r%C3%A9gence+d%27Alger+%281659-1671%29&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=159-170&rft.date=1973&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3406%2Fremmm.1973.1200&rft.aulast=Boyer&rft.aufirst=Pierre&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.persee.fr%2Fdoc%2Fremmm_0035-1474_1973_num_13_1_1200&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dey&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Dey" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Dey">Dey</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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