A Cinematic Rarity: Showing of Leone's Uncut 'America'

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="page article-page" lang="en-US"> <head><script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/bundle-playback.js?v=HxkREWBo" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/wombat.js?v=txqj7nKC" charset="utf-8"></script> <script>window.RufflePlayer=window.RufflePlayer||{};window.RufflePlayer.config={"autoplay":"on","unmuteOverlay":"hidden"};</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/ruffle/ruffle.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> __wm.init("https://web.archive.org/web"); __wm.wombat("https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html","20200806193200","https://web.archive.org/","web","/_static/", "1596742320"); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/banner-styles.css?v=S1zqJCYt" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/iconochive.css?v=3PDvdIFv" />  <meta charset="UTF-8"> <style data-cssvarsponyfill="true"> :root { --siteBgColor: #ffffff; --siteInverseBgColor: #000000; --headerBgColor: #ffffff; --headerBgColorInverse: #000000; --headerBorderColor: #e6e6e6; --headerBorderColorInverse: #858585; --headerTextColor: #333333; --headerTextColorInverse: #ffffff; --headerMenuBgColor: #ffffff; --headerMenuTextColor: #333333; --secondaryHeaderBgColor: #ffffff; --secondaryHeaderTextColor: #333333; --sectionHeaderBgColor: #ffffff; --sectionHeaderBorderColor: #e6e6e6; --sectionHeaderTextColor: #333333; --sectionNavTextColor: #333333; --sectionNavDropdownColor: #333333; --sectionNavCurrentIndicatorColor: #ff6859; --footerBgColor: #000000; --footerTextColor: #ffffff; --primaryTextColor: #000000; --primaryTextColorInverse: #ffffff; --secondaryTextColor: #666666; --secondaryTextColorInverse: #cccccc; --tertiaryTextColor: #999999; --tertiaryTextColorInverse: #cccccc; --listBorderColor: #030202; --gridBorderColor: #e6e6e6; --buttonBgColor: #ffffff; --buttonTextColor: #333333; --inverseButtonBgColor: #030202; --tagButtonBgColor: #666666; --tagButtonTextColor: #ffffff; --breakingBgColor: #e12327; --breakingTextColor: #ffffff; --sponsoredBgColor: #cccccc; --sponsoredTextColor: #333333; --liveBannerBgColor: #333333; --liveBannerTextColor: #ffffff; --brandColor: #ff6859; --primaryBodyLinkColor: #087da1; --secondaryColor1: #757575; --secondaryColor2: #cccccc; --secondaryColor3: #e6e6e6; --secondaryColor4: #f5f5f5; --secondaryColor5: #ffffff; --secondaryColor6: #666666; --secondaryColor7: #333333; --secondaryColor8: #030202; --primaryHeadlineFont: KisFBDisplay; --secondaryHeadlineFont: BentonGothic; --tertiaryHeadlineFont: FranklinGothic; --sectionHeaderFont: KisFBDisplay; --bodyFont: Georgia; --serviceFontAlt: Open Sans; --primaryRecipeHeadlineFont: BentonGothicCond-Black; --headline-font: var(--primaryHeadlineFont); --service-font: var(--secondaryHeadlineFont); --service-font-alt: var(--serviceFontAlt); --body-font: var(--bodyFont); --primary-recipe-headline-font: var(--primaryRecipeHeadlineFont); --primary-body-link-color: var(--primaryBodyLinkColor); } </style> <meta property="og:title" content="A Cinematic Rarity: Showing of Leone's Uncut 'America'"> <meta property="og:url" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200im_/https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/e2816d0/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1200x630+0+0/resize/1200x630!/quality/90/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F5b%2F78%2F7c3e41e74e4b986d23923ee121b2%2Flat-logo-dark-full.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:url" content="https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/e2816d0/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1200x630+0+0/resize/1200x630!/quality/90/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F5b%2F78%2F7c3e41e74e4b986d23923ee121b2%2Flat-logo-dark-full.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="630"> <meta property="og:image:type" content="image/jpeg"> <meta property="og:image:alt" content="Los Angeles Times"> <meta property="og:description" content="Movies: Seen in its entirety, his 1984 film conveys melancholy and sadness, youthful yearning and mature regret."> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Los Angeles Times"> <meta property="og:type" content="article"> <meta property="article:author" content="https://www.latimes.com/people/kenneth-turan"> <meta property="article:content_tier" content="metered"> <meta property="article:published_time" content="1999-07-10T07:00:00"> <meta property="article:opinion" content="false"> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/> <meta name="twitter:creator" content="@kennethturan"/> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Movies: Seen in its entirety, his 1984 film conveys melancholy and sadness, youthful yearning and mature regret."/> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@latimes"/> <meta name="twitter:title" content="A Cinematic Rarity: Showing of Leone's Uncut 'America'"/> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="119932621434123"> <meta property="fb:pages" content="5863113009"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://fonts.gstatic.com/" crossorigin> <link rel="preconnect" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.google-analytics.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://static.chartbeat.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.googletagservices.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://js-sec.indexww.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://as-sec.casalemedia.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://as.casalemedia.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://c.amazon-adsystem.com/" crossorigin> <link rel="preconnect" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://aax.amazon-adsystem.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://s.ntv.io/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://a.teads.tv/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://t.teads.tv/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://ssor.platform.californiatimes.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://dss.platform.californiatimes.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://b.scorecardresearch.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://pubads.g.doubleclick.net/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://tpc.googlesyndication.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/" crossorigin> <link rel="preconnect" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://ping.chartbeat.net/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://connect.facebook.net/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://staticxx.facebook.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://activate.platform.californiatimes.com/"> <link rel="stylesheet" data-cssvarsponyfill="true" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200cs_/https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/resource/0000016e-6bb5-d505-abef-fbb7e4420000/styleguide/styles-creative.min.f50550f316b5fd4a291d132d1ca8c72c.css"/><style>body div.teads-inread div.teads-ui-components-label { color: #666 !important; } body div.teads-inread div.teads-ui-components-credits a { color: #666 !important; } body div.teads-inread div.teads-ui-components-credits span.teads-ui-components-credits-colored { color: #79bbe9!important; }</style> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>A Cinematic Rarity: Showing of Leone's Uncut 'America' - Los Angeles Times</title><meta name="description" content="Movies: Seen in its entirety, his 1984 film conveys melancholy and sadness, youthful yearning and mature regret."><link rel="canonical" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html"><meta name="brightspot.contentId" content="00000169-6314-da6f-abeb-7fbfefd60000"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/web/20200806193200im_/https://www.latimes.com/apple-touch-icon.png"><link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/web/20200806193200im_/https://www.latimes.com/favicon-32x32.png"><link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/web/20200806193200im_/https://www.latimes.com/favicon-16x16.png"> <script id="head-dl">var dataLayer = {"urlSlug":"la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html","wordCount":839,"rootId":"","bspContentUuid":"00000169-6314-da6f-abeb-7fbfefd60000","pageTitle":"A Cinematic Rarity: Showing of Leone's Uncut 'America' - Los Angeles Times","bspContentType":"story","publishDate":"07-10-1999 12:00","source":"latimes_archive","isAccessibleForFree":false,"pageName":"lat:la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482:story.","platform":"22","url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html","sitePath":"/","cmsSlug":"la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482","site":"latimes","ownerSite":"latimes","domain":"www.latimes.com","pageTypeCode":"story","permalink":"https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html","headline":"A Cinematic Rarity: Showing of Leone's Uncut 'America'","authors":"KENNETH TURAN"};</script> <script type="application/javascript">var _lb = 1;</script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200js_/https://activate.platform.californiatimes.com/caltimes/latimes/Bootstrap.js" async></script> <script src="//web.archive.org/web/20200806193200js_/https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.4.1/jquery.min.js" defer></script> <script src="//web.archive.org/web/20200806193200js_/https://ssor.platform.californiatimes.com/reg/tribune/latspot.min.js" defer></script> <script src="//web.archive.org/web/20200806193200js_/https://dss.platform.californiatimes.com/meter/latspot.min.js" defer></script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","isAccessibleForFree":false,"articleBody":"The best pictures are often the hardest to see. Which is probably why \"Once Upon a Time in America,\" Sergio Leone's richly cinematic magnum opus, went 15 years without having access to the U.S. big screens it so thoroughly deserves. But now, after being shown at New York's Museum of Modern Art in February, Leone's three-hour, 39-minute director's cut will be screening one time only, tonight at 7:30 p.m. as the closing event of the Los Angeles County Museum of Art's \"Sergio Leone's America\" series at LACMA'S Bing Theater. The print is impeccable and it will no doubt be still more years before this exceptional film, both artificial and naturalistic, excessive as well as tightly controlled, comes this way again. When the Ladd Co. originally released \"Once Upon a Time\" nationwide in 1984, it not only cut nearly an hour and a half off its running time, it also changed everything that was distinctive, even audacious, in the director's dazzling narrative structure. A gangster epic set among Jewish hoodlums on New York's Lower East Side, \"Once Upon a Time\" has three main time frames: 1922, 1932-33 and 1968. But far from telling the story in the straightforward manner the abbreviated version favors, Leone's scheme toys with chronology. The film slips easily back and forth in time, dancing between the decades, often making the connection from one era to another solely by means of brilliant cuts that work like magic. \"Once Upon a Time\" follows the fortunes of two boyhood friends and partners in all kinds of crime , David \"Noodles\" Aaronson (Robert De Niro) and Maximilian \"Max\" Bercovitz (James Woods). The film starts in 1933, at the beginning of the end for Noodles, with rival hoods looking to end his life, and skips both back to his larcenous boyhood and ahead to his exhausted old age in the 1960s. Though the film is defined by its bravura aspects, Leone managed to keep the acting of his two stars as understated and muted as the picture's carefully modulated color scheme. Though both men have flirted with mannered work in the years since, they show impressive restraint and power in what they do here. Also doing fine work are Tuesday Weld as the sexually voracious Carol, William Forsythe as gang member Cockeye, and even producer Arnon Milchan, who has an amusing cameo as an outraged chauffeur. Less successful is Elizabeth McGovern, who never finds her footing as Deborah, the girl of Noodles' dreams, while Jennifer Connelly discovers ways to be memorable playing Deborah as a headstrong teenage girl. Intensely violent in bursts of mayhem that even modern viewers need to be warned about, \"Once Upon a Time\" is also troublesome in its treatment of women. The film features two exceptionally violent rapes and its screenplay doesn't recognize the existence of mature females who aren't, in critic Tony Rayns' words, \"either nymphomaniacs or complaisant victims of male sadists and rapists.\" Despite, or perhaps because of, having six Italian screenwriters, including Leone, plus giving an additional writing credit to Stuart Kaminsky, dialogue is not \"Once Upon a Time's\" strength. The use of English is awkward at times, the 1968 section is not as convincing plot-wise as it might be, and nothing anyone says is as close to memorable as, for instance, the best parts of \"The Godfather.\" More than making up for these drawbacks is Leone's exceptional filmmaking skill, his gift for lush storytelling and his ability to create a visual tapestry luxurious enough to make you swoon without sacrificing the fierceness of his vision. Working with cinematographer Tonino Delli Colli, Leone got so involved with the spectacular, large scale physical recreation of the Lower East Side that energizes this film that, according to Leone biographer David N. Meyer, he built the same set in three different cities. Yet, paradoxically, many of this film's most memorable images are smaller, quieter ones. Impossible to forget are the sight of children skipping past the gargantuan Williamsburg Bridge, a series of bright red balls popping up on the foggy East River, a shootout in a feather factory or even a tombstone in the grip of an earthmover rising as if by magic above a cemetery wall. Even though \"Once Upon a Time\" contains considerable mayhem, its overall mood is far from the macho triumphalism of most contemporary violent films. Helped by Ennio Morricone's trademark score, especially the hauntingplaying of pan pipes by Gheorghe Zamfir, this is a work whose overall mood is one of overwhelming melancholy and sadness, of youthful yearning, mature regret, and the transcendent but fleeting nature of memory itself. The important thing about filmmaking, Leone said once in an interview, is \"to make a world that is not now. A real world, a genuine world, but one that allows myth to live. The myth is everything.\" Of the five films he directed between 1964 and 1984, this, his last film, makes that point the strongest. * \"Once Upon a Time in America,\" LACMA, Bing Theater, 5905 Wilshire Blvd. 7:30 p.m. $5-$7. (323) 857-6010.","url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html","dateModified":"2019-03-01T08:35:50.000Z","datePublished":"1999-07-10T07:00:00.000Z","description":"Movies: Seen in its entirety, his 1984 film conveys melancholy and sadness, youthful yearning and mature regret.","hasPart":{"@type":"WebPageElement","isAccessibleForFree":false,"cssSelector":".paywall"},"image":[{"@context":"https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/http://schema.org","@type":"ImageObject","height":60,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/8e7e58f/2147483647/strip/true/crop/382x60+0+0/resize/382x60!/quality/90/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fde%2F5f%2F46c2d05b430cbc6e775301df1062%2Flogo-full-black.png","width":382}],"isPartOf":{"@type":["CreativeWork","Product"],"name":"Los Angeles Times","productID":"lanews:all-access"},"mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html"},"author":[{"@context":"https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/http://schema.org","@type":"Person","description":"Kenneth Turan is the former film critic for the Los Angeles Times.","name":"Kenneth Turan","url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/people/kenneth-turan"}],"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Los Angeles Times","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/8e7e58f/2147483647/strip/true/crop/382x60+0+0/resize/382x60!/quality/90/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fde%2F5f%2F46c2d05b430cbc6e775301df1062%2Flogo-full-black.png","width":382,"height":60}},"name":"A Cinematic Rarity: Showing of Leone's Uncut 'America' - Los Angeles Times","headline":"A Cinematic Rarity: Showing of Leone's Uncut 'America'"}</script><link rel="amphtml" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html?_amp=true"> <meta name="brightspot.cached" content="false">  <script> (function () { 'use strict'; (()=>{'use strict';if(!window.customElements)return;const a=window.HTMLElement,b=window.customElements.define,c=window.customElements.get,d=new Map,e=new Map;let f=!1,g=!1;window.HTMLElement=function(){if(!f){const a=d.get(this.constructor),b=c.call(window.customElements,a);g=!0;const e=new b;return e}f=!1;},window.HTMLElement.prototype=a.prototype;Object.defineProperty(window,'customElements',{value:window.customElements,configurable:!0,writable:!0}),Object.defineProperty(window.customElements,'define',{value:(c,h)=>{const i=h.prototype,j=class extends a{constructor(){super(),Object.setPrototypeOf(this,i),g||(f=!0,h.call(this)),g=!1;}},k=j.prototype;j.observedAttributes=h.observedAttributes,k.connectedCallback=i.connectedCallback,k.disconnectedCallback=i.disconnectedCallback,k.attributeChangedCallback=i.attributeChangedCallback,k.adoptedCallback=i.adoptedCallback,d.set(h,c),e.set(c,h),b.call(window.customElements,c,j);},configurable:!0,writable:!0}),Object.defineProperty(window.customElements,'get',{value:(a)=>e.get(a),configurable:!0,writable:!0});})(); /** @license Copyright (c) 2017 The Polymer Project Authors. All rights reserved. This code may only be used under the BSD style license found at http://polymer.github.io/LICENSE.txt The complete set of authors may be found at http://polymer.github.io/AUTHORS.txt The complete set of contributors may be found at http://polymer.github.io/CONTRIBUTORS.txt Code distributed by Google as part of the polymer project is also subject to an additional IP rights grant found at http://polymer.github.io/PATENTS.txt */ }()); </script> <script> /** For the fastest load times https://developers.google.com/speed/docs/insights/BlockingJS and to prevent any FOUC, as well as prevent any race conditions for browsers that also rely on the CSS variables polyfill, this is inlined. **/ if (!window.customElements) { (function(){ 'use strict';var h=new function(){};var aa=new Set("annotation-xml color-profile font-face font-face-src font-face-uri font-face-format font-face-name missing-glyph".split(" "));function m(b){var a=aa.has(b);b=/^[a-z][.0-9_a-z]*-[\-.0-9_a-z]*$/.test(b);return!a&&b}function n(b){var a=b.isConnected;if(void 0!==a)return a;for(;b&&!(b.__CE_isImportDocument||b instanceof Document);)b=b.parentNode||(window.ShadowRoot&&b instanceof ShadowRoot?b.host:void 0);return!(!b||!(b.__CE_isImportDocument||b instanceof Document))} function p(b,a){for(;a&&a!==b&&!a.nextSibling;)a=a.parentNode;return a&&a!==b?a.nextSibling:null} function t(b,a,c){c=c?c:new Set;for(var d=b;d;){if(d.nodeType===Node.ELEMENT_NODE){var e=d;a(e);var f=e.localName;if("link"===f&&"import"===e.getAttribute("rel")){d=e.import;if(d instanceof Node&&!c.has(d))for(c.add(d),d=d.firstChild;d;d=d.nextSibling)t(d,a,c);d=p(b,e);continue}else if("template"===f){d=p(b,e);continue}if(e=e.__CE_shadowRoot)for(e=e.firstChild;e;e=e.nextSibling)t(e,a,c)}d=d.firstChild?d.firstChild:p(b,d)}}function u(b,a,c){b[a]=c};function v(){this.a=new Map;this.s=new Map;this.f=[];this.b=!1}function ba(b,a,c){b.a.set(a,c);b.s.set(c.constructor,c)}function w(b,a){b.b=!0;b.f.push(a)}function x(b,a){b.b&&t(a,function(a){return y(b,a)})}function y(b,a){if(b.b&&!a.__CE_patched){a.__CE_patched=!0;for(var c=0;c<b.f.length;c++)b.f[c](a)}}function z(b,a){var c=[];t(a,function(b){return c.push(b)});for(a=0;a<c.length;a++){var d=c[a];1===d.__CE_state?b.connectedCallback(d):A(b,d)}} function B(b,a){var c=[];t(a,function(b){return c.push(b)});for(a=0;a<c.length;a++){var d=c[a];1===d.__CE_state&&b.disconnectedCallback(d)}} function C(b,a,c){c=c?c:{};var d=c.w||new Set,e=c.i||function(a){return A(b,a)},f=[];t(a,function(a){if("link"===a.localName&&"import"===a.getAttribute("rel")){var c=a.import;c instanceof Node&&(c.__CE_isImportDocument=!0,c.__CE_hasRegistry=!0);c&&"complete"===c.readyState?c.__CE_documentLoadHandled=!0:a.addEventListener("load",function(){var c=a.import;if(!c.__CE_documentLoadHandled){c.__CE_documentLoadHandled=!0;var f=new Set(d);f.delete(c);C(b,c,{w:f,i:e})}})}else f.push(a)},d);if(b.b)for(a=0;a< f.length;a++)y(b,f[a]);for(a=0;a<f.length;a++)e(f[a])} function A(b,a){if(void 0===a.__CE_state){var c=a.ownerDocument;if(c.defaultView||c.__CE_isImportDocument&&c.__CE_hasRegistry)if(c=b.a.get(a.localName)){c.constructionStack.push(a);var d=c.constructor;try{try{if(new d!==a)throw Error("The custom element constructor did not produce the element being upgraded.");}finally{c.constructionStack.pop()}}catch(r){throw a.__CE_state=2,r;}a.__CE_state=1;a.__CE_definition=c;if(c.attributeChangedCallback)for(c=c.observedAttributes,d=0;d<c.length;d++){var e=c[d], f=a.getAttribute(e);null!==f&&b.attributeChangedCallback(a,e,null,f,null)}n(a)&&b.connectedCallback(a)}}}v.prototype.connectedCallback=function(b){var a=b.__CE_definition;a.connectedCallback&&a.connectedCallback.call(b)};v.prototype.disconnectedCallback=function(b){var a=b.__CE_definition;a.disconnectedCallback&&a.disconnectedCallback.call(b)}; v.prototype.attributeChangedCallback=function(b,a,c,d,e){var f=b.__CE_definition;f.attributeChangedCallback&&-1<f.observedAttributes.indexOf(a)&&f.attributeChangedCallback.call(b,a,c,d,e)};function D(b,a){this.c=b;this.a=a;this.b=void 0;C(this.c,this.a);"loading"===this.a.readyState&&(this.b=new MutationObserver(this.f.bind(this)),this.b.observe(this.a,{childList:!0,subtree:!0}))}function E(b){b.b&&b.b.disconnect()}D.prototype.f=function(b){var a=this.a.readyState;"interactive"!==a&&"complete"!==a||E(this);for(a=0;a<b.length;a++)for(var c=b[a].addedNodes,d=0;d<c.length;d++)C(this.c,c[d])};function ca(){var b=this;this.b=this.a=void 0;this.f=new Promise(function(a){b.b=a;b.a&&a(b.a)})}function F(b){if(b.a)throw Error("Already resolved.");b.a=void 0;b.b&&b.b(void 0)};function G(b){this.j=!1;this.c=b;this.o=new Map;this.l=function(b){return b()};this.g=!1;this.m=[];this.u=new D(b,document)} G.prototype.define=function(b,a){var c=this;if(!(a instanceof Function))throw new TypeError("Custom element constructors must be functions.");if(!m(b))throw new SyntaxError("The element name '"+b+"' is not valid.");if(this.c.a.get(b))throw Error("A custom element with name '"+b+"' has already been defined.");if(this.j)throw Error("A custom element is already being defined.");this.j=!0;var d,e,f,r,k;try{var g=function(b){var a=l[b];if(void 0!==a&&!(a instanceof Function))throw Error("The '"+b+"' callback must be a function."); return a},l=a.prototype;if(!(l instanceof Object))throw new TypeError("The custom element constructor's prototype is not an object.");d=g("connectedCallback");e=g("disconnectedCallback");f=g("adoptedCallback");r=g("attributeChangedCallback");k=a.observedAttributes||[]}catch(q){return}finally{this.j=!1}a={localName:b,constructor:a,connectedCallback:d,disconnectedCallback:e,adoptedCallback:f,attributeChangedCallback:r,observedAttributes:k,constructionStack:[]};ba(this.c,b,a);this.m.push(a);this.g|| (this.g=!0,this.l(function(){return da(c)}))};G.prototype.i=function(b){C(this.c,b)};function da(b){if(!1!==b.g){b.g=!1;for(var a=b.m,c=[],d=new Map,e=0;e<a.length;e++)d.set(a[e].localName,[]);C(b.c,document,{i:function(a){if(void 0===a.__CE_state){var e=a.localName,f=d.get(e);f?f.push(a):b.c.a.get(e)&&c.push(a)}}});for(e=0;e<c.length;e++)A(b.c,c[e]);for(;0<a.length;){for(var f=a.shift(),e=f.localName,f=d.get(f.localName),r=0;r<f.length;r++)A(b.c,f[r]);(e=b.o.get(e))&&F(e)}}} G.prototype.get=function(b){if(b=this.c.a.get(b))return b.constructor};G.prototype.whenDefined=function(b){if(!m(b))return Promise.reject(new SyntaxError("'"+b+"' is not a valid custom element name."));var a=this.o.get(b);if(a)return a.f;a=new ca;this.o.set(b,a);this.c.a.get(b)&&!this.m.some(function(a){return a.localName===b})&&F(a);return a.f};G.prototype.v=function(b){E(this.u);var a=this.l;this.l=function(c){return b(function(){return a(c)})}};window.CustomElementRegistry=G; G.prototype.define=G.prototype.define;G.prototype.upgrade=G.prototype.i;G.prototype.get=G.prototype.get;G.prototype.whenDefined=G.prototype.whenDefined;G.prototype.polyfillWrapFlushCallback=G.prototype.v;var H=window.Document.prototype.createElement,ea=window.Document.prototype.createElementNS,fa=window.Document.prototype.importNode,ga=window.Document.prototype.prepend,ha=window.Document.prototype.append,ia=window.DocumentFragment.prototype.prepend,ja=window.DocumentFragment.prototype.append,I=window.Node.prototype.cloneNode,J=window.Node.prototype.appendChild,K=window.Node.prototype.insertBefore,L=window.Node.prototype.removeChild,M=window.Node.prototype.replaceChild,N=Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(window.Node.prototype, "textContent"),O=window.Element.prototype.attachShadow,P=Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(window.Element.prototype,"innerHTML"),Q=window.Element.prototype.getAttribute,R=window.Element.prototype.setAttribute,S=window.Element.prototype.removeAttribute,T=window.Element.prototype.getAttributeNS,U=window.Element.prototype.setAttributeNS,ka=window.Element.prototype.removeAttributeNS,la=window.Element.prototype.insertAdjacentElement,ma=window.Element.prototype.insertAdjacentHTML,na=window.Element.prototype.prepend, oa=window.Element.prototype.append,V=window.Element.prototype.before,pa=window.Element.prototype.after,qa=window.Element.prototype.replaceWith,ra=window.Element.prototype.remove,sa=window.HTMLElement,W=Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(window.HTMLElement.prototype,"innerHTML"),ta=window.HTMLElement.prototype.insertAdjacentElement,ua=window.HTMLElement.prototype.insertAdjacentHTML;function va(){var b=X;window.HTMLElement=function(){function a(){var a=this.constructor,d=b.s.get(a);if(!d)throw Error("The custom element being constructed was not registered with `customElements`.");var e=d.constructionStack;if(!e.length)return e=H.call(document,d.localName),Object.setPrototypeOf(e,a.prototype),e.__CE_state=1,e.__CE_definition=d,y(b,e),e;var d=e.length-1,f=e[d];if(f===h)throw Error("The HTMLElement constructor was either called reentrantly for this constructor or called multiple times."); e[d]=h;Object.setPrototypeOf(f,a.prototype);y(b,f);return f}a.prototype=sa.prototype;return a}()};function Y(b,a,c){function d(a){return function(c){for(var e=[],d=0;d<arguments.length;++d)e[d-0]=arguments[d];for(var d=[],f=[],l=0;l<e.length;l++){var q=e[l];q instanceof Element&&n(q)&&f.push(q);if(q instanceof DocumentFragment)for(q=q.firstChild;q;q=q.nextSibling)d.push(q);else d.push(q)}a.apply(this,e);for(e=0;e<f.length;e++)B(b,f[e]);if(n(this))for(e=0;e<d.length;e++)f=d[e],f instanceof Element&&z(b,f)}}c.h&&(a.prepend=d(c.h));c.append&&(a.append=d(c.append))};function wa(){var b=X;u(Document.prototype,"createElement",function(a){if(this.__CE_hasRegistry){var c=b.a.get(a);if(c)return new c.constructor}a=H.call(this,a);y(b,a);return a});u(Document.prototype,"importNode",function(a,c){a=fa.call(this,a,c);this.__CE_hasRegistry?C(b,a):x(b,a);return a});u(Document.prototype,"createElementNS",function(a,c){if(this.__CE_hasRegistry&&(null===a||"http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"===a)){var d=b.a.get(c);if(d)return new d.constructor}a=ea.call(this,a,c);y(b,a);return a}); Y(b,Document.prototype,{h:ga,append:ha})};function xa(){var b=X;function a(a,d){Object.defineProperty(a,"textContent",{enumerable:d.enumerable,configurable:!0,get:d.get,set:function(a){if(this.nodeType===Node.TEXT_NODE)d.set.call(this,a);else{var e=void 0;if(this.firstChild){var c=this.childNodes,k=c.length;if(0<k&&n(this))for(var e=Array(k),g=0;g<k;g++)e[g]=c[g]}d.set.call(this,a);if(e)for(a=0;a<e.length;a++)B(b,e[a])}}})}u(Node.prototype,"insertBefore",function(a,d){if(a instanceof DocumentFragment){var e=Array.prototype.slice.apply(a.childNodes); a=K.call(this,a,d);if(n(this))for(d=0;d<e.length;d++)z(b,e[d]);return a}e=n(a);d=K.call(this,a,d);e&&B(b,a);n(this)&&z(b,a);return d});u(Node.prototype,"appendChild",function(a){if(a instanceof DocumentFragment){var c=Array.prototype.slice.apply(a.childNodes);a=J.call(this,a);if(n(this))for(var e=0;e<c.length;e++)z(b,c[e]);return a}c=n(a);e=J.call(this,a);c&&B(b,a);n(this)&&z(b,a);return e});u(Node.prototype,"cloneNode",function(a){a=I.call(this,a);this.ownerDocument.__CE_hasRegistry?C(b,a):x(b,a); return a});u(Node.prototype,"removeChild",function(a){var c=n(a),e=L.call(this,a);c&&B(b,a);return e});u(Node.prototype,"replaceChild",function(a,d){if(a instanceof DocumentFragment){var e=Array.prototype.slice.apply(a.childNodes);a=M.call(this,a,d);if(n(this))for(B(b,d),d=0;d<e.length;d++)z(b,e[d]);return a}var e=n(a),f=M.call(this,a,d),c=n(this);c&&B(b,d);e&&B(b,a);c&&z(b,a);return f});N&&N.get?a(Node.prototype,N):w(b,function(b){a(b,{enumerable:!0,configurable:!0,get:function(){for(var a=[],b= 0;b<this.childNodes.length;b++)a.push(this.childNodes[b].textContent);return a.join("")},set:function(a){for(;this.firstChild;)L.call(this,this.firstChild);J.call(this,document.createTextNode(a))}})})};function ya(b){var a=Element.prototype;function c(a){return function(e){for(var c=[],d=0;d<arguments.length;++d)c[d-0]=arguments[d];for(var d=[],k=[],g=0;g<c.length;g++){var l=c[g];l instanceof Element&&n(l)&&k.push(l);if(l instanceof DocumentFragment)for(l=l.firstChild;l;l=l.nextSibling)d.push(l);else d.push(l)}a.apply(this,c);for(c=0;c<k.length;c++)B(b,k[c]);if(n(this))for(c=0;c<d.length;c++)k=d[c],k instanceof Element&&z(b,k)}}V&&(a.before=c(V));V&&(a.after=c(pa));qa&&u(a,"replaceWith",function(a){for(var e= [],c=0;c<arguments.length;++c)e[c-0]=arguments[c];for(var c=[],d=[],k=0;k<e.length;k++){var g=e[k];g instanceof Element&&n(g)&&d.push(g);if(g instanceof DocumentFragment)for(g=g.firstChild;g;g=g.nextSibling)c.push(g);else c.push(g)}k=n(this);qa.apply(this,e);for(e=0;e<d.length;e++)B(b,d[e]);if(k)for(B(b,this),e=0;e<c.length;e++)d=c[e],d instanceof Element&&z(b,d)});ra&&u(a,"remove",function(){var a=n(this);ra.call(this);a&&B(b,this)})};function za(){var b=X;function a(a,c){Object.defineProperty(a,"innerHTML",{enumerable:c.enumerable,configurable:!0,get:c.get,set:function(a){var e=this,d=void 0;n(this)&&(d=[],t(this,function(a){a!==e&&d.push(a)}));c.set.call(this,a);if(d)for(var f=0;f<d.length;f++){var r=d[f];1===r.__CE_state&&b.disconnectedCallback(r)}this.ownerDocument.__CE_hasRegistry?C(b,this):x(b,this);return a}})}function c(a,c){u(a,"insertAdjacentElement",function(a,e){var d=n(e);a=c.call(this,a,e);d&&B(b,e);n(a)&&z(b,e); return a})}function d(a,c){function e(a,e){for(var c=[];a!==e;a=a.nextSibling)c.push(a);for(e=0;e<c.length;e++)C(b,c[e])}u(a,"insertAdjacentHTML",function(a,b){a=a.toLowerCase();if("beforebegin"===a){var d=this.previousSibling;c.call(this,a,b);e(d||this.parentNode.firstChild,this)}else if("afterbegin"===a)d=this.firstChild,c.call(this,a,b),e(this.firstChild,d);else if("beforeend"===a)d=this.lastChild,c.call(this,a,b),e(d||this.firstChild,null);else if("afterend"===a)d=this.nextSibling,c.call(this, a,b),e(this.nextSibling,d);else throw new SyntaxError("The value provided ("+String(a)+") is not one of 'beforebegin', 'afterbegin', 'beforeend', or 'afterend'.");})}O&&u(Element.prototype,"attachShadow",function(a){return this.__CE_shadowRoot=a=O.call(this,a)});P&&P.get?a(Element.prototype,P):W&&W.get?a(HTMLElement.prototype,W):w(b,function(b){a(b,{enumerable:!0,configurable:!0,get:function(){return I.call(this,!0).innerHTML},set:function(a){var b="template"===this.localName,e=b?this.content:this, c=H.call(document,this.localName);for(c.innerHTML=a;0<e.childNodes.length;)L.call(e,e.childNodes[0]);for(a=b?c.content:c;0<a.childNodes.length;)J.call(e,a.childNodes[0])}})});u(Element.prototype,"setAttribute",function(a,c){if(1!==this.__CE_state)return R.call(this,a,c);var e=Q.call(this,a);R.call(this,a,c);c=Q.call(this,a);b.attributeChangedCallback(this,a,e,c,null)});u(Element.prototype,"setAttributeNS",function(a,c,d){if(1!==this.__CE_state)return U.call(this,a,c,d);var e=T.call(this,a,c);U.call(this, a,c,d);d=T.call(this,a,c);b.attributeChangedCallback(this,c,e,d,a)});u(Element.prototype,"removeAttribute",function(a){if(1!==this.__CE_state)return S.call(this,a);var c=Q.call(this,a);S.call(this,a);null!==c&&b.attributeChangedCallback(this,a,c,null,null)});u(Element.prototype,"removeAttributeNS",function(a,c){if(1!==this.__CE_state)return ka.call(this,a,c);var d=T.call(this,a,c);ka.call(this,a,c);var e=T.call(this,a,c);d!==e&&b.attributeChangedCallback(this,c,d,e,a)});ta?c(HTMLElement.prototype, ta):la?c(Element.prototype,la):console.warn("Custom Elements: `Element#insertAdjacentElement` was not patched.");ua?d(HTMLElement.prototype,ua):ma?d(Element.prototype,ma):console.warn("Custom Elements: `Element#insertAdjacentHTML` was not patched.");Y(b,Element.prototype,{h:na,append:oa});ya(b)};/* Copyright (c) 2016 The Polymer Project Authors. All rights reserved. This code may only be used under the BSD style license found at http://polymer.github.io/LICENSE.txt The complete set of authors may be found at http://polymer.github.io/AUTHORS.txt The complete set of contributors may be found at http://polymer.github.io/CONTRIBUTORS.txt Code distributed by Google as part of the polymer project is also subject to an additional IP rights grant found at http://polymer.github.io/PATENTS.txt */ var Z=window.customElements;if(!Z||Z.forcePolyfill||"function"!=typeof Z.define||"function"!=typeof Z.get){var X=new v;va();wa();Y(X,DocumentFragment.prototype,{h:ia,append:ja});xa();za();document.__CE_hasRegistry=!0;var customElements=new G(X);Object.defineProperty(window,"customElements",{configurable:!0,enumerable:!0,value:customElements})}; }).call(self); } /** This allows us to load the IE polyfills via feature detection so that they do not load needlessly in the browsers that do not need them. It also ensures they are loaded non async so that they load before the rest of our JS. */ var head = document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0]; if (!window.CSS || !window.CSS.supports || !window.CSS.supports('--fake-var', 0)) { var script = document.createElement('script'); script.setAttribute('src', "https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/resource/0000016e-6bb5-d505-abef-fbb7e4420000/styleguide/util/IEPolyfills.f71971fb13aac905c8e15654b2985efe.js"); script.setAttribute('type', 'text/javascript'); script.async = false; head.appendChild(script); } </script> <script> /** Promo localization rules that come from the CMS */ var promoLocalization = '{"promo.hourAgo":"{t} hour ago","promo.minuteAgo":"{t} minute ago","promo.hoursAgo":"{t} hours ago","promo.minutesAgo":"{t} minutes ago","maxRelativeTime":10800000,"timeToken":"{t}"}' </script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200js_/https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/resource/0000016e-6bb5-d505-abef-fbb7e4420000/styleguide/All.min.7a3b89c9328bf40d3e6104b7f348f80a.js" async></script> <script> window.fbAsyncInit = function() { FB.init({ appId : '119932621434123', xfbml : true, version : 'v2.9' }); }; (function(d, s, id){ var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) {return;} js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id; js.src = "//web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/sdk.js"; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); }(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk')); </script> <script async="async" type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200js_/https://ads.rubiconproject.com/prebid/20520_latimes.js"></script> <script type="application/javascript">// Global varible to avoid multiple refreshes per slot_div window.confiant_refresh_slots = window.confiant_refresh_slots || []; /* Wrapper for LA Times, generated on 2019-10-23T08:29:58-04:00 */ (function() { var w = window; var h = 'clarium.global.ssl.fastly.net'; w._clrm = w._clrm || {}; w._clrm.gpt = { propertyId: 'GfBGK_P3Adzw1hvTTkQjebew6Z4', confiantCdn: h, sandbox: 0, mapping: 'W3siaSI6MiwidCI6Int7b319Ont7d319eHt7aH19IiwicCI6MCwiRCI6MSwiciI6W119LHsiaSI6NiwidCI6Int7Y299fTp7e3d9fXh7e2h9fSIsInAiOjUwLCJEIjowLCJyIjpbeyJ0IjoiZXgiLCJzIjpudWxsLCJ2IjoiY28ifV19XQ==', activation: '|||MjU0OTcwODMyNA==,|||MjU1MTQzMjA0OA==,|||MjU1MTU1NDQ1Nw==,|||MjU1MTc5NjUzNQ==,|||MjU2Nzk0ODA3Nw==,|||MjU3MDg2NjAwMQ==,|||MjU3NDg3NzMyMg==,|||MjU3NDg5MTc4Mg==,|||MjU3NDg5MTc4NQ==,|||MjU3NTQ1MTIzNg==,|||MjU3NTQ1MTkyMA==,|||MjU3NTQ1MzMzMA==,|||MjU3NjAxMDYxNQ==,|||MjU3NjAxMDYxOA==,|||MjU4NTg2ODkzOA==,|||MjU4NjM2Mjc5NA==,|||MjU4ODQzNjE2Nw==,|||MjU1MDkxNDMzNg==,|co|ex|MQ==', callback: function(blockingType, blockingId, isBlocked, wrapperId, tagId, impressionData) { 'use strict'; // Get Slot Element from impression data passed to callback var slot_element = typeof impressionData !== 'undefined' && typeof impressionData.dfp !== 'undefined' ? impressionData.dfp.s : null; // Check if ad is blocked and if slot has been refreshed if ( isBlocked && confiant_refresh_slots.indexOf(slot_element) === -1 ) { // Get all slots from GPT var slots = googletag.pubads().getSlots(), slot_length = slots.length, i, slot; // Loop through slots until slot_element matches for ( i=0; i < slot_length; i++ ) { slot = slots[i]; if ( slot_element === slot.getSlotElementId() ) { // Refresh to slot to get a new ad googletag.pubads().refresh( [slot] ); // Mark the element as refreshed so it will not be refreshed again confiant_refresh_slots.push( slot_element ); } } } } }; var e = document.createElement('script'); e.async = true; e.src = '//' + h + '/gpt/a/wrap.js?v2_1'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(e, s); })();</script> <script type="application/javascript">((window.trb||(trb={})).metering||(trb.metering=[])).push({status:function(t){var e=["1","2","3","4","888"];if(t)if(t.matchedRule&&t.matchedRule.b)console.log("Skipping FC for metered view");else if(t.subscriptionLevels&&t.subscriptionLevels&&t.subscriptionLevels.some(function(t){return e.includes(t)}))console.log("Skipping FC Sub");else{console.log("Loading FC for non-sub"),window.googlefc=window.googlefc||{},window.googlefc.callbackQueue=window.googlefc.callbackQueue||[],googlefc.callbackQueue.push(function(){if(googlefc.getAdBlockerStatus()==googlefc.AdBlockerStatusEnum.EXTENSION_LEVEL_AD_BLOCKER||googlefc.getAdBlockerStatus()==googlefc.AdBlockerStatusEnum.NETWORK_LEVEL_AD_BLOCKER){console.log("AB detected"),document.body.style.height="100%";var t=document.querySelector(".fc-subscription-link");t&&(t.href="#"),document.addEventListener("click",function(t){if(t.target&&"fc-subscription-link"===t.target.className){t.preventDefault();var e=document.querySelector(".fc-ab-root");e&&(e.style="z-index: 9999"),window.registration.push("show-login")}})}});var n=document.createElement("script");n.src="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://contributor.google.com/scripts/395e060df323b62e/loader.js",n.async=!0;var o=document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];o.parentNode.insertBefore(n,o),function(){"use strict";var t=function(t){var e=0;return function(){return e<t.length?{done:!1,value:t[e++]}:{done:!0}}},e=this||self,n=/^[\w+\/_-]+[=]{0,2}$/,o=null,i=function(){},r=function(t){var e=typeof t;if("object"==e){if(!t)return"null";if(t instanceof Array)return"array";if(t instanceof Object)return e;var n=Object.prototype.toString.call(t);if("[object Window]"==n)return"object";if("[object Array]"==n||"number"==typeof t.length&&void 0!==t.splice&&void 0!==t.propertyIsEnumerable&&!t.propertyIsEnumerable("splice"))return"array";if("[object Function]"==n||void 0!==t.call&&void 0!==t.propertyIsEnumerable&&!t.propertyIsEnumerable("call"))return"function"}else if("function"==e&&void 0===t.call)return"object";return e},a=Date.now||function(){return+new Date},c=function(t,e){function n(){}n.prototype=e.prototype,t.prototype=new n,t.prototype.constructor=t},l=function(t,e){this.b=t===u&&e||"",this.a=s},s={},u={},f=function(){return Math.floor(2147483648*Math.random()).toString(36)+Math.abs(Math.floor(2147483648*Math.random())^a()).toString(36)},d=function(t,e){return e=String(e),"application/xhtml+xml"===t.contentType&&(e=e.toLowerCase()),t.createElement(e)},p=function(t){this.a=t||e.document||document};p.prototype.appendChild=function(t,e){t.appendChild(e)};var h=function(t,i,r,a,c,u){try{var f=t.a,p=d(t.a,"SCRIPT");p.async=!0,function(t,i){t.src=i instanceof l&&i.constructor===l&&i.a===s?i.b:"type_error:TrustedResourceUrl",null===o&&(o=(i=(i=e.document).querySelector&&i.querySelector("script[nonce]"))&&(i=i.nonce||i.getAttribute("nonce"))&&n.test(i)?i:""),(i=o)&&t.setAttribute("nonce",i)}(p,i),f.head.appendChild(p),p.addEventListener("load",function(){c(),a&&f.head.removeChild(p)}),p.addEventListener("error",function(){0<r?h(t,i,r-1,a,c,u):(a&&f.head.removeChild(p),u())})}catch(t){u()}},b=e.atob("aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ3N0YXRpYy5jb20vaW1hZ2VzL2ljb25zL21hdGVyaWFsL3N5c3RlbS8xeC93YXJuaW5nX2FtYmVyXzI0ZHAucG5n"),y=e.atob("WW91IGFyZSBzZWVpbmcgdGhpcyBtZXNzYWdlIGJlY2F1c2UgYWQgb3Igc2NyaXB0IGJsb2NraW5nIHNvZnR3YXJlIGlzIGludGVyZmVyaW5nIHdpdGggdGhpcyBwYWdlLg=="),g=e.atob("RGlzYWJsZSBhbnkgYWQgb3Igc2NyaXB0IGJsb2NraW5nIHNvZnR3YXJlLCB0aGVuIHJlbG9hZCB0aGlzIHBhZ2Uu"),m=function(t,e,n){this.b=t,this.f=new p(this.b),this.a=null,this.c=[],this.g=!1,this.i=e,this.h=n},v=function(t){if(t.b.body&&!t.g){var n=function(){N(t),e.setTimeout(function(){return S(t,3)},50)};h(t.f,t.i,2,!0,function(){e[t.h]||n()},n),t.g=!0}},N=function(t){for(var e=x(1,5),n=0;n<e;n++){var o=Z(t);t.b.body.appendChild(o),t.c.push(o)}(e=Z(t)).style.bottom="0",e.style.left="0",e.style.position="fixed",e.style.width=x(100,110).toString()+"%",e.style.zIndex=x(2147483544,2147483644).toString(),e.style["background-color"]=M(249,259,242,252,219,229),e.style["box-shadow"]="0 0 12px #888",e.style.color=M(0,10,0,10,0,10),e.style.display="flex",e.style["justify-content"]="center",e.style["font-family"]="Roboto, Arial",(n=Z(t)).style.width=x(80,85).toString()+"%",n.style.maxWidth=x(750,775).toString()+"px",n.style.margin="24px",n.style.display="flex",n.style["align-items"]="flex-start",n.style["justify-content"]="center",(o=d(t.f.a,"IMG")).className=f(),o.src=b,o.style.height="24px",o.style.width="24px",o.style["padding-right"]="16px";var i=Z(t),r=Z(t);r.style["font-weight"]="bold",r.textContent=y;var a=Z(t);for(a.textContent=g,w(t,i,r),w(t,i,a),w(t,n,o),w(t,n,i),w(t,e,n),t.a=e,t.b.body.appendChild(t.a),e=x(1,5),n=0;n<e;n++)o=Z(t),t.b.body.appendChild(o),t.c.push(o)},w=function(t,e,n){for(var o=x(1,5),i=0;i<o;i++){var r=Z(t);e.appendChild(r)}for(e.appendChild(n),n=x(1,5),o=0;o<n;o++)i=Z(t),e.appendChild(i)},x=function(t,e){return Math.floor(t+Math.random()*(e-t))},M=function(t,e,n,o,i,r){return"rgb("+x(Math.max(t,0),Math.min(e,255)).toString()+","+x(Math.max(n,0),Math.min(o,255)).toString()+","+x(Math.max(i,0),Math.min(r,255)).toString()+")"},Z=function(t){return(t=d(t.f.a,"DIV")).className=f(),t},S=function(t,n){0>=n||null!=t.a&&0!=t.a.offsetHeight&&0!=t.a.offsetWidth||(W(t),N(t),e.setTimeout(function(){return S(t,n-1)},50))},W=function(e){var n=e.c,o="undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.iterator&&n[Symbol.iterator];for(n=o?o.call(n):{next:t(n)},o=n.next();!o.done;o=n.next())(o=o.value)&&o.parentNode&&o.parentNode.removeChild(o);e.c=[],(n=e.a)&&n.parentNode&&n.parentNode.removeChild(n),e.a=null},L=function(t,n,o,i,r){var a=E(o),c=function(o){document.body?function(o){o.appendChild(a),e.setTimeout(function(){a?(0!==a.offsetHeight&&0!==a.offsetWidth?n():t(),a.parentNode&&a.parentNode.removeChild(a)):t()},i)}(document.body):0<o?e.setTimeout(function(){c(o-1)},r):n()};c(3)},E=function(t){var e=document.createElement("div");return e.className=t,e.style.width="1px",e.style.height="1px",e.style.position="absolute",e.style.left="-10000px",e.style.top="-10000px",e.style.zIndex="-10000",e},V={},G=null,R=function(){},C="function"==typeof Uint8Array,I=function(t,e){t.b=null,e||(e=[]),t.j=void 0,t.f=-1,t.a=e;t:{if(e=t.a.length){--e;var n=t.a[e];if(!(null===n||"object"!=typeof n||"array"==r(n)||C&&n instanceof Uint8Array)){t.g=e-t.f,t.c=n;break t}}t.g=Number.MAX_VALUE}t.i={}},j=[],z=function(t,e){if(e<t.g){e+=t.f;var n=t.a[e];return n===j?t.a[e]=[]:n}if(t.c)return(n=t.c[e])===j?t.c[e]=[]:n},_=function(t,e,n){if(e<t.g)t.a[e+t.f]=n;else{var o=t.g+t.f;t.a[o]||(t.c=t.a[o]={}),t.c[e]=n}return t},U=function(t,e){var n=J;if(t.b||(t.b={}),!t.b[e]){var o=z(t,e);o&&(t.b[e]=new n(o))}return t.b[e]};R.prototype.h=C?function(){var t=Uint8Array.prototype.toJSON;Uint8Array.prototype.toJSON=function(){var t;if(void 0===t&&(t=0),!G){G={};for(var e="ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789".split(""),n=["+/=","+/","-_=","-_.","-_"],o=0;5>o;o++){var i=e.concat(n[o].split(""));V[o]=i;for(var r=0;r<i.length;r++){var a=i[r];void 0===G[a]&&(G[a]=r)}}}for(t=V[t],e=[],n=0;n<this.length;n+=3){var c=this[n],l=(o=n+1<this.length)?this[n+1]:0;r=c>>2,c=(3&c)<<4|l>>4,l=(15&l)<<2|(a=(i=n+2<this.length)?this[n+2]:0)>>6,a&=63,i||(a=64,o||(l=64)),e.push(t[r],t[c],t[l]||"",t[a]||"")}return e.join("")};try{return JSON.stringify(this.a&&this.a,B)}finally{Uint8Array.prototype.toJSON=t}}:function(){return JSON.stringify(this.a&&this.a,B)};var B=function(t,e){return"number"!=typeof e||!isNaN(e)&&1/0!==e&&-1/0!==e?e:String(e)};R.prototype.toString=function(){return this.a.toString()};var J=function(t){I(this,t)};c(J,R);var X=function(t){I(this,t)};c(X,R);var Y=function(t,e){this.c=new p(t);var n=U(e,5);n=new l(u,z(n,4)||""),this.b=new m(t,n,z(e,4)),this.a=e},k=function(t,e){A(t,"internal_api_load_with_sb",function(t,n,o){!function(t,e,n,o){e=new J(e?JSON.parse(e):null),e=new l(u,z(e,4)||""),h(t.c,e,3,!1,n,function(){L(function(){v(t.b),o(!1)},function(){o(!0)},z(t.a,2),z(t.a,3),z(t.a,1))})}(e,t,n,o)}),A(t,"internal_api_sb",function(){v(e.b)})},A=function(t,n,o){!function(t,n){Object.defineProperty(e,t,{configurable:!1,get:function(){return n},set:i})}(t=e.btoa(t+n),o)},F=function(t,n,o){for(var i=[],a=2;a<arguments.length;++a)i[a-2]=arguments[a];if(a=e.btoa(t+n),a=e[a],"function"!=r(a))throw Error("API not exported.");a.apply(null,i)},H=function(t){I(this,t)};c(H,R);var T=function(t){var n=this.h=e.document,o=new X,i=z(t,3);o=_(o,1,i),i=z(t,12),o=_(o,2,i),i=z(t,5),o=_(o,3,i),i=z(t,10),o=_(o,4,i),i=U(t,11),o.b||(o.b={});var r=i?i.a:i;o.b[5]=i,o=_(o,5,r),this.g=new Y(n,o),this.a=z(t,1),this.f=U(t,2),this.c=!1,this.b=t};T.prototype.start=function(){try{Q(),k(this.a,this.g),e.googlefc=e.googlefc||{},"callbackQueue"in e.googlefc||(e.googlefc.callbackQueue=[]),O(this)}catch(t){F(this.a,"internal_api_sb")}};var D,Q=function(){var t=function(){if(!e.frames.googlefcPresent)if(document.body){var n=document.createElement("iframe");n.style.display="none",n.style.width="0px",n.style.height="0px",n.style.border="none",n.style.zIndex="-1000",n.style.left="-1000px",n.style.top="-1000px",n.name="googlefcPresent",document.body.appendChild(n)}else e.setTimeout(t,5)};t()},O=function(t){var n=a();F(t.a,"internal_api_load_with_sb",t.f.h(),function(){var o,i=t.a,r=e[e.btoa(i+"cached_js")];if(r){r=e.atob(r),r=parseInt(r,10),i=e.btoa(i+"cached_js").split(".");var a=e;i[0]in a||void 0===a.execScript||a.execScript("var "+i[0]);for(;i.length&&(o=i.shift());)i.length?a=a[o]&&a[o]!==Object.prototype[o]?a[o]:a[o]={}:a[o]=null;o=1728e5>(o=Math.abs(n-r))?0:o}else o=-1;0!=o&&(F(t.a,"internal_api_sb"),P(t,z(t.b,9)))},function(e){P(t,z(t.b,e?7:8))})},P=function(t,n){t.c||(t.c=!0,(t=new e.XMLHttpRequest).open("GET",n,!0),t.send())};e[D="__475an521in8a__"]=function(t){for(var n=[],o=0;o<arguments.length;++o)n[o-0]=arguments[o];e[D]=i,function(t){"function"==typeof e.atob&&(t=e.atob(t),t=new H(t?JSON.parse(t):null),new T(t).start())}.apply(null,n)}}.call(this),window.__475an521in8a__("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")}else console.log("Failed to fetch info from DSS")}});</script> <script async="async" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200js_/https://www.googletagservices.com/tag/js/gpt.js"></script> <script> var dfpKV = dfpKV || {}; dfpKV.slug = "la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482"; dfpKV.visibilityThresholdEnabled = true; dfpKV.refreshInterval = 15; dfpKV.refreshExcludedSizes = [[1280, 220], [1, 1], [970, 90]]; dfpKV.pageType = 'story'; dfpKV.lazyLoadingEnabled = true; dfpKV.visibilityThreshold = 0.5; dfpKV.fetchOffset = 1.25; dfpKV.rdpMode = 'cookie'; dfpKV.amazonTamClientId = '3886'; </script> <script> !function(a9,a,p,s,t,A,g){if(a[a9])return;function q(c,r){a[a9]._Q.push([c,r])}a[a9]={init:function(){q("i",arguments)},fetchBids:function(){q("f",arguments)},setDisplayBids:function(){},targetingKeys:function(){return[]},_Q:[]};A=p.createElement(s);A.async=!0;A.src=t;g=p.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];g.parentNode.insertBefore(A,g)}("apstag",window,document,"script","//web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://c.amazon-adsystem.com/aax2/apstag.js"); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> // Google tag setup var googletag = googletag || {}; googletag.cmd = googletag.cmd || []; // Subscriber targeting ((window.trb || (trb = {})).metering || (trb.metering = [])).push({ status: function (info) { // Set targeting params const subLevels = ['1','2','3','4','555','888']; let isSub = false; dfpKV.sub_status = '0' if (info && info.subscriptionLevels && info.subscriptionLevels .some(function (level) { return subLevels.includes(level); })) { isSub = true; dfpKV.sub_status = '1' googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.pubads().setTargeting('sub_status', '1'); }); } else { googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.pubads().setTargeting('sub_status', '0'); }); } dfpKV.ready = true const dfpReadyEvent = new window.CustomEvent('googledfp:ready', { bubbles: true }); window.dispatchEvent(dfpReadyEvent) if (isSub) { const hideSlElements = document.querySelectorAll('[data-hide-sl]'); var i, n = hideSlElements.length; for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) { const levels = hideSlElements[i].dataset.hideSl; if (levels) { const split = levels.split(','); if (split.length > 0 && split.some(function (level) { return info.subscriptionLevels.includes(level); })) { hideSlElements[i].remove(); } } } } } }) // Disable initial load and set initialize googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest(); googletag.pubads().disableInitialLoad(); googletag.pubads().enableAsyncRendering(); googletag.pubads().enableVideoAds(); googletag.companionAds().setRefreshUnfilledSlots(false); googletag.pubads().addEventListener('slotRenderEnded', function (event) { ((window.dataLayer || (window.dataLayer = {})).renderedAds || (window.dataLayer.renderedAds =[])).push({ adsystem: 'bspdfp', event: event }) }) // keywords, slug, content ad identifier, and page type targeting if (dfpKV) { if (dfpKV.slug) { googletag.pubads().setTargeting('slug', dfpKV.slug); googletag.pubads().setTargeting('slugwords', dfpKV.slug.split('-')); } if (dfpKV.keywords) { googletag.pubads().setTargeting('topictags', dfpKV.keywords); } if (dfpKV.pageType) { googletag.pubads().setTargeting('pagetype', dfpKV.pageType); } if (dfpKV.contentIdentifier) { googletag.pubads().setTargeting('contentidentifier', dfpKV.contentIdentifier); } } // Design googletag.pubads().setTargeting('design', 'bs'); // Ensighten pixel ID const pixelId = window.dataLayer ? window.dataLayer.pixelId : ''; if (pixelId) { googletag.pubads().setTargeting('epvid', pixelId); } // add screen size targeting let screenSize; if (window.innerWidth > 1024) { screenSize = 'medium'; } else if (window.innerWidth > 1241) { screenSize = 'large'; } else { screenSize = 'small'; } // screen size googletag.pubads().setTargeting('screensize', screenSize); googletag.enableServices(); }) // setup of ad slots var dfpAdSlotsObject = {}; var staticAdSlots = {}; // setup of pbjs var pbjs = pbjs || {}; pbjs.que = pbjs.que || []; //set of Prebid Timeout var pbto = 3000; // setup of Amazon tag slots var apstagSlots = {}; var apstag = apstag || {}; </script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200js_/https://s.ntv.io/serve/load.js" async></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200js_/https://libs.platform.californiatimes.com/modalityjs/latest.js" async></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200js_/https://libs.platform.californiatimes.com/newsletter-campaign-manager/latest.js" async></script> </head> <body class="page-body">  <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="display:none" class="icons-map" id="iconsMap"> <symbol id="mono-icon-facebook" viewbox="0 0 10 19"> <path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M2.707 18.25V10.2H0V7h2.707V4.469c0-1.336.375-2.373 1.125-3.112C4.582.62 5.578.25 6.82.25c1.008 0 1.828.047 2.461.14v2.848H7.594c-.633 0-1.067.14-1.301.422-.188.235-.281.61-.281 1.125V7H9l-.422 3.2H6.012v8.05H2.707z"></path> </symbol> <symbol id="mono-icon-instagram" viewbox="0 0 17 17"> <g> <path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M8.281 4.207c.727 0 1.4.182 2.022.545a4.055 4.055 0 0 1 1.476 1.477c.364.62.545 1.294.545 2.021 0 .727-.181 1.4-.545 2.021a4.055 4.055 0 0 1-1.476 1.477 3.934 3.934 0 0 1-2.022.545c-.726 0-1.4-.182-2.021-.545a4.055 4.055 0 0 1-1.477-1.477 3.934 3.934 0 0 1-.545-2.021c0-.727.182-1.4.545-2.021A4.055 4.055 0 0 1 6.26 4.752a3.934 3.934 0 0 1 2.021-.545zm0 6.68a2.54 2.54 0 0 0 1.864-.774 2.54 2.54 0 0 0 .773-1.863 2.54 2.54 0 0 0-.773-1.863 2.54 2.54 0 0 0-1.864-.774 2.54 2.54 0 0 0-1.863.774 2.54 2.54 0 0 0-.773 1.863c0 .727.257 1.348.773 1.863a2.54 2.54 0 0 0 1.863.774zM13.45 4.03c-.023.258-.123.48-.299.668a.856.856 0 0 1-.65.281.913.913 0 0 1-.668-.28.913.913 0 0 1-.281-.669c0-.258.094-.48.281-.668a.913.913 0 0 1 .668-.28c.258 0 .48.093.668.28.187.188.281.41.281.668zm2.672.95c.023.656.035 1.746.035 3.269 0 1.523-.017 2.62-.053 3.287-.035.668-.134 1.248-.298 1.74a4.098 4.098 0 0 1-.967 1.53 4.098 4.098 0 0 1-1.53.966c-.492.164-1.072.264-1.74.3-.668.034-1.763.052-3.287.052-1.523 0-2.619-.018-3.287-.053-.668-.035-1.248-.146-1.74-.334a3.747 3.747 0 0 1-1.53-.931 4.098 4.098 0 0 1-.966-1.53c-.164-.492-.264-1.072-.299-1.74C.424 10.87.406 9.773.406 8.25S.424 5.63.46 4.963c.035-.668.135-1.248.299-1.74.21-.586.533-1.096.967-1.53A4.098 4.098 0 0 1 3.254.727c.492-.164 1.072-.264 1.74-.3C5.662.394 6.758.376 8.281.376c1.524 0 2.62.018 3.287.053.668.035 1.248.135 1.74.299a4.098 4.098 0 0 1 2.496 2.496c.165.492.27 1.078.317 1.757zm-1.687 7.91c.14-.399.234-1.032.28-1.899.024-.515.036-1.242.036-2.18V7.689c0-.961-.012-1.688-.035-2.18-.047-.89-.14-1.524-.281-1.899a2.537 2.537 0 0 0-1.512-1.511c-.375-.14-1.008-.235-1.899-.282a51.292 51.292 0 0 0-2.18-.035H7.72c-.938 0-1.664.012-2.18.035-.867.047-1.5.141-1.898.282a2.537 2.537 0 0 0-1.512 1.511c-.14.375-.234 1.008-.281 1.899a51.292 51.292 0 0 0-.036 2.18v1.125c0 .937.012 1.664.036 2.18.047.866.14 1.5.28 1.898.306.726.81 1.23 1.513 1.511.398.141 1.03.235 1.898.282.516.023 1.242.035 2.18.035h1.125c.96 0 1.687-.012 2.18-.035.89-.047 1.523-.141 1.898-.282.726-.304 1.23-.808 1.512-1.511z"></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="mono-icon-email" viewbox="0 0 512 512"> <g> <path d="M67,148.7c11,5.8,163.8,89.1,169.5,92.1c5.7,3,11.5,4.4,20.5,4.4c9,0,14.8-1.4,20.5-4.4c5.7-3,158.5-86.3,169.5-92.1 c4.1-2.1,11-5.9,12.5-10.2c2.6-7.6-0.2-10.5-11.3-10.5H257H65.8c-11.1,0-13.9,3-11.3,10.5C56,142.9,62.9,146.6,67,148.7z"></path> <path d="M455.7,153.2c-8.2,4.2-81.8,56.6-130.5,88.1l82.2,92.5c2,2,2.9,4.4,1.8,5.6c-1.2,1.1-3.8,0.5-5.9-1.4l-98.6-83.2 c-14.9,9.6-25.4,16.2-27.2,17.2c-7.7,3.9-13.1,4.4-20.5,4.4c-7.4,0-12.8-0.5-20.5-4.4c-1.9-1-12.3-7.6-27.2-17.2l-98.6,83.2 c-2,2-4.7,2.6-5.9,1.4c-1.2-1.1-0.3-3.6,1.7-5.6l82.1-92.5c-48.7-31.5-123.1-83.9-131.3-88.1c-8.8-4.5-9.3,0.8-9.3,4.9 c0,4.1,0,205,0,205c0,9.3,13.7,20.9,23.5,20.9H257h185.5c9.8,0,21.5-11.7,21.5-20.9c0,0,0-201,0-205 C464,153.9,464.6,148.7,455.7,153.2z"></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="mono-icon-print" viewbox="0 0 12 12"> <g fill-rule="evenodd"> <path fill-rule="nonzero" d="M9 10V7H3v3H1a1 1 0 0 1-1-1V4a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h10a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v3.132A2.868 2.868 0 0 1 9.132 10H9zm.5-4.5a1 1 0 1 0 0-2 1 1 0 0 0 0 2zM3 0h6v2H3z"></path> <path d="M4 8h4v4H4z"></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="mono-icon-copylink" viewbox="0 0 12 12"> <g fill-rule="evenodd"> <path d="M10.199 2.378c.222.205.4.548.465.897.062.332.016.614-.132.774L8.627 6.106c-.187.203-.512.232-.75-.014a.498.498 0 0 0-.706.028.499.499 0 0 0 .026.706 1.509 1.509 0 0 0 2.165-.04l1.903-2.06c.37-.398.506-.98.382-1.636-.105-.557-.392-1.097-.77-1.445L9.968.8C9.591.452 9.03.208 8.467.145 7.803.072 7.233.252 6.864.653L4.958 2.709a1.509 1.509 0 0 0 .126 2.161.5.5 0 1 0 .68-.734c-.264-.218-.26-.545-.071-.747L7.597 1.33c.147-.16.425-.228.76-.19.353.038.71.188.931.394l.91.843.001.001zM1.8 9.623c-.222-.205-.4-.549-.465-.897-.062-.332-.016-.614.132-.774l1.905-2.057c.187-.203.512-.232.75.014a.498.498 0 0 0 .706-.028.499.499 0 0 0-.026-.706 1.508 1.508 0 0 0-2.165.04L.734 7.275c-.37.399-.506.98-.382 1.637.105.557.392 1.097.77 1.445l.91.843c.376.35.937.594 1.5.656.664.073 1.234-.106 1.603-.507L7.04 9.291a1.508 1.508 0 0 0-.126-2.16.5.5 0 0 0-.68.734c.264.218.26.545.071.747l-1.904 2.057c-.147.16-.425.228-.76.191-.353-.038-.71-.188-.931-.394l-.91-.843z"></path> <path d="M8.208 3.614a.5.5 0 0 0-.707.028L3.764 7.677a.5.5 0 0 0 .734.68L8.235 4.32a.5.5 0 0 0-.027-.707"></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="mono-icon-linkedin" viewbox="0 0 16 17"> <g fill-rule="evenodd"> <path d="M3.734 16.125H.464V5.613h3.27zM2.117 4.172c-.515 0-.96-.188-1.336-.563A1.825 1.825 0 0 1 .22 2.273c0-.515.187-.96.562-1.335.375-.375.82-.563 1.336-.563.516 0 .961.188 1.336.563.375.375.563.82.563 1.335 0 .516-.188.961-.563 1.336-.375.375-.82.563-1.336.563zM15.969 16.125h-3.27v-5.133c0-.844-.07-1.453-.21-1.828-.259-.633-.762-.95-1.512-.95s-1.278.282-1.582.845c-.235.421-.352 1.043-.352 1.863v5.203H5.809V5.613h3.128v1.442h.036c.234-.469.609-.856 1.125-1.16.562-.375 1.218-.563 1.968-.563 1.524 0 2.59.48 3.2 1.441.468.774.703 1.97.703 3.586v5.766z"></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="mono-icon-pinterest" viewbox="0 0 512 512"> <g> <path d="M256,32C132.3,32,32,132.3,32,256c0,91.7,55.2,170.5,134.1,205.2c-0.6-15.6-0.1-34.4,3.9-51.4 c4.3-18.2,28.8-122.1,28.8-122.1s-7.2-14.3-7.2-35.4c0-33.2,19.2-58,43.2-58c20.4,0,30.2,15.3,30.2,33.6 c0,20.5-13.1,51.1-19.8,79.5c-5.6,23.8,11.9,43.1,35.4,43.1c42.4,0,71-54.5,71-119.1c0-49.1-33.1-85.8-93.2-85.8 c-67.9,0-110.3,50.7-110.3,107.3c0,19.5,5.8,33.3,14.8,43.9c4.1,4.9,4.7,6.9,3.2,12.5c-1.1,4.1-3.5,14-4.6,18 c-1.5,5.7-6.1,7.7-11.2,5.6c-31.3-12.8-45.9-47-45.9-85.6c0-63.6,53.7-139.9,160.1-139.9c85.5,0,141.8,61.9,141.8,128.3 c0,87.9-48.9,153.5-120.9,153.5c-24.2,0-46.9-13.1-54.7-27.9c0,0-13,51.6-15.8,61.6c-4.7,17.3-14,34.5-22.5,48 c20.1,5.9,41.4,9.2,63.5,9.2c123.7,0,224-100.3,224-224C480,132.3,379.7,32,256,32z"></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="mono-icon-tumblr" viewbox="0 0 512 512"> <g> <path d="M321.2,396.3c-11.8,0-22.4-2.8-31.5-8.3c-6.9-4.1-11.5-9.6-14-16.4c-2.6-6.9-3.6-22.3-3.6-46.4V224h96v-64h-96V48h-61.9 c-2.7,21.5-7.5,44.7-14.5,58.6c-7,13.9-14,25.8-25.6,35.7c-11.6,9.9-25.6,17.9-41.9,23.3V224h48v140.4c0,19,2,33.5,5.9,43.5 c4,10,11.1,19.5,21.4,28.4c10.3,8.9,22.8,15.7,37.3,20.5c14.6,4.8,31.4,7.2,50.4,7.2c16.7,0,30.3-1.7,44.7-5.1 c14.4-3.4,30.5-9.3,48.2-17.6v-65.6C363.2,389.4,342.3,396.3,321.2,396.3z"></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="mono-icon-twitter" viewbox="0 0 19 16"> <g> <path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M16.48 4.594c.024.094.036.246.036.457 0 1.687-.41 3.316-1.23 4.887-.845 1.664-2.028 2.988-3.552 3.972-1.664 1.102-3.574 1.652-5.73 1.652-2.063 0-3.95-.55-5.66-1.652.258.024.55.035.879.035 1.71 0 3.246-.527 4.605-1.582-.82 0-1.54-.24-2.162-.72a3.671 3.671 0 0 1-1.283-1.811c.234.023.457.035.668.035.328 0 .656-.035.984-.105a3.72 3.72 0 0 1-2.11-1.301 3.54 3.54 0 0 1-.843-2.32v-.07a3.475 3.475 0 0 0 1.652.492A4.095 4.095 0 0 1 1.54 5.227a3.546 3.546 0 0 1-.457-1.776c0-.644.176-1.26.527-1.845a10.18 10.18 0 0 0 3.358 2.742 10.219 10.219 0 0 0 4.236 1.125 5.124 5.124 0 0 1-.07-.844c0-.656.164-1.272.492-1.846a3.613 3.613 0 0 1 1.336-1.353 3.565 3.565 0 0 1 1.828-.492c.54 0 1.037.105 1.494.316.457.21.861.492 1.213.844a7.51 7.51 0 0 0 2.356-.88c-.282.868-.82 1.548-1.618 2.04a7.93 7.93 0 0 0 2.11-.598 8.114 8.114 0 0 1-1.864 1.934z"></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="mono-icon-github" viewbox="0 0 19 16"> <g> <path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M8 0C3.58 0 0 3.58 0 8c0 3.54 2.29 6.53 5.47 7.59.4.07.55-.17.55-.38 0-.19-.01-.82-.01-1.49-2.01.37-2.53-.49-2.69-.94-.09-.23-.48-.94-.82-1.13-.28-.15-.68-.52-.01-.53.63-.01 1.08.58 1.23.82.72 1.21 1.87.87 2.33.66.07-.52.28-.87.51-1.07-1.78-.2-3.64-.89-3.64-3.95 0-.87.31-1.59.82-2.15-.08-.2-.36-1.02.08-2.12 0 0 .67-.21 2.2.82.64-.18 1.32-.27 2-.27.68 0 1.36.09 2 .27 1.53-1.04 2.2-.82 2.2-.82.44 1.1.16 1.92.08 2.12.51.56.82 1.27.82 2.15 0 3.07-1.87 3.75-3.65 3.95.29.25.54.73.54 1.48 0 1.07-.01 1.93-.01 2.2 0 .21.15.46.55.38A8.013 8.013 0 0 0 16 8c0-4.42-3.58-8-8-8z"></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="mono-icon-youtube" viewbox="0 0 512 512"> <g> <path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M508.6,148.8c0-45-33.1-81.2-74-81.2C379.2,65,322.7,64,265,64c-3,0-6,0-9,0s-6,0-9,0c-57.6,0-114.2,1-169.6,3.6 c-40.8,0-73.9,36.4-73.9,81.4C1,184.6-0.1,220.2,0,255.8C-0.1,291.4,1,327,3.4,362.7c0,45,33.1,81.5,73.9,81.5 c58.2,2.7,117.9,3.9,178.6,3.8c60.8,0.2,120.3-1,178.6-3.8c40.9,0,74-36.5,74-81.5c2.4-35.7,3.5-71.3,3.4-107 C512.1,220.1,511,184.5,508.6,148.8z M207,353.9V157.4l145,98.2L207,353.9z"></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-magnify" viewbox="0 0 512 512"> <g> <path d="M337.509,305.372h-17.501l-6.571-5.486c20.791-25.232,33.922-57.054,33.922-93.257 C347.358,127.632,283.896,64,205.135,64C127.452,64,64,127.632,64,206.629s63.452,142.628,142.225,142.628 c35.011,0,67.831-13.167,92.991-34.008l6.561,5.487v17.551L415.18,448L448,415.086L337.509,305.372z M206.225,305.372 c-54.702,0-98.463-43.887-98.463-98.743c0-54.858,43.761-98.742,98.463-98.742c54.7,0,98.462,43.884,98.462,98.742 C304.687,261.485,260.925,305.372,206.225,305.372z"></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="burger-menu" viewbox="0 0 14 10"> <g> <path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 5.5v-1h14v1H0zM0 1V0h14v1H0zm0 9V9h14v1H0z"></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="close-x" viewbox="0 0 14 14"> <g> <path fill-rule="nonzero" d="M6.336 7L0 .664.664 0 7 6.336 13.336 0 14 .664 7.664 7 14 13.336l-.664.664L7 7.664.664 14 0 13.336 6.336 7z"></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="share-more-arrow" viewbox="0 0 512 512" style="enable-background:new 0 0 512 512;"> <g> <g> <path d="M512,241.7L273.643,3.343v156.152c-71.41,3.744-138.015,33.337-188.958,84.28C30.075,298.384,0,370.991,0,448.222v60.436 l29.069-52.985c45.354-82.671,132.173-134.027,226.573-134.027c5.986,0,12.004,0.212,18.001,0.632v157.779L512,241.7z M255.642,290.666c-84.543,0-163.661,36.792-217.939,98.885c26.634-114.177,129.256-199.483,251.429-199.483h15.489V78.131 l163.568,163.568L304.621,405.267V294.531l-13.585-1.683C279.347,291.401,267.439,290.666,255.642,290.666z"></path> </g> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="chevron" viewbox="0 0 100 100"> <g> <path d="M22.4566257,37.2056786 L-21.4456527,71.9511488 C-22.9248661,72.9681457 -24.9073712,72.5311671 -25.8758148,70.9765924 L-26.9788683,69.2027424 C-27.9450684,67.6481676 -27.5292733,65.5646602 -26.0500598,64.5484493 L20.154796,28.2208967 C21.5532435,27.2597011 23.3600078,27.2597011 24.759951,28.2208967 L71.0500598,64.4659264 C72.5292733,65.4829232 72.9450684,67.5672166 71.9788683,69.1217913 L70.8750669,70.8956413 C69.9073712,72.4502161 67.9241183,72.8848368 66.4449048,71.8694118 L22.4566257,37.2056786 Z" id="Transparent-Chevron" transform="translate(22.500000, 50.000000) rotate(90.000000) translate(-22.500000, -50.000000) "></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="play-arrow" viewbox="0 0 30 30"> <g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"> <path d="M9 9l12 6-12 6z"></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="bookmark" viewbox="0 0 9 12"> <g> <path fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M.5.5v10.997l3.431-2.374a1 1 0 0 1 1.138 0L8.5 11.497V.5h-8z"></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="heart" viewbox="0 0 14 12"> <g> <path fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M10.24.5c-1.098 0-2.152.576-2.808 1.7L7 2.938l-.432-.74C5.912 1.076 4.858.5 3.76.5 1.996.5.5 1.899.5 3.859.5 5.2 1.644 6.912 3.57 8.747a27.774 27.774 0 0 0 3.373 2.738A.099.099 0 0 0 7 11.5a.104.104 0 0 0 .061-.018 27.75 27.75 0 0 0 3.368-2.735C12.356 6.912 13.5 5.201 13.5 3.859 13.5 1.899 12.003.5 10.24.5z"></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="grid" viewbox="0 0 32 32"> <g> <path d="M6.4,5.7 C6.4,6.166669 6.166669,6.4 5.7,6.4 L0.7,6.4 C0.233331,6.4 0,6.166669 0,5.7 L0,0.7 C0,0.233331 0.233331,0 0.7,0 L5.7,0 C6.166669,0 6.4,0.233331 6.4,0.7 L6.4,5.7 Z M19.2,5.7 C19.2,6.166669 18.966669,6.4 18.5,6.4 L13.5,6.4 C13.033331,6.4 12.8,6.166669 12.8,5.7 L12.8,0.7 C12.8,0.233331 13.033331,0 13.5,0 L18.5,0 C18.966669,0 19.2,0.233331 19.2,0.7 L19.2,5.7 Z M32,5.7 C32,6.166669 31.766669,6.4 31.3,6.4 L26.3,6.4 C25.833331,6.4 25.6,6.166669 25.6,5.7 L25.6,0.7 C25.6,0.233331 25.833331,0 26.3,0 L31.3,0 C31.766669,0 32,0.233331 32,0.7 L32,5.7 Z M6.4,18.5 C6.4,18.966669 6.166669,19.2 5.7,19.2 L0.7,19.2 C0.233331,19.2 0,18.966669 0,18.5 L0,13.5 C0,13.033331 0.233331,12.8 0.7,12.8 L5.7,12.8 C6.166669,12.8 6.4,13.033331 6.4,13.5 L6.4,18.5 Z M19.2,18.5 C19.2,18.966669 18.966669,19.2 18.5,19.2 L13.5,19.2 C13.033331,19.2 12.8,18.966669 12.8,18.5 L12.8,13.5 C12.8,13.033331 13.033331,12.8 13.5,12.8 L18.5,12.8 C18.966669,12.8 19.2,13.033331 19.2,13.5 L19.2,18.5 Z M32,18.5 C32,18.966669 31.766669,19.2 31.3,19.2 L26.3,19.2 C25.833331,19.2 25.6,18.966669 25.6,18.5 L25.6,13.5 C25.6,13.033331 25.833331,12.8 26.3,12.8 L31.3,12.8 C31.766669,12.8 32,13.033331 32,13.5 L32,18.5 Z M6.4,31.3 C6.4,31.766669 6.166669,32 5.7,32 L0.7,32 C0.233331,32 0,31.766669 0,31.3 L0,26.3 C0,25.833331 0.233331,25.6 0.7,25.6 L5.7,25.6 C6.166669,25.6 6.4,25.833331 6.4,26.3 L6.4,31.3 Z M19.2,31.3 C19.2,31.766669 18.966669,32 18.5,32 L13.5,32 C13.033331,32 12.8,31.766669 12.8,31.3 L12.8,26.3 C12.8,25.833331 13.033331,25.6 13.5,25.6 L18.5,25.6 C18.966669,25.6 19.2,25.833331 19.2,26.3 L19.2,31.3 Z M32,31.3 C32,31.766669 31.766669,32 31.3,32 L26.3,32 C25.833331,32 25.6,31.766669 25.6,31.3 L25.6,26.3 C25.6,25.833331 25.833331,25.6 26.3,25.6 L31.3,25.6 C31.766669,25.6 32,25.833331 32,26.3 L32,31.3 Z"></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="filter" viewbox="0 0 16 12"> <path d="M0 2V0h16v2H0zm2.4 5V5h11.2v2H2.4zm2.4 5v-2h6.4v2H4.8z"></path> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-clock" viewbox="0 0 12 12"> <g> <path d="M9.692 6a.457.457 0 0 0-.454-.46H6.461V2.77a.462.462 0 1 0-.923 0V6A.462.462 0 0 0 6 6.463h3.238A.457.457 0 0 0 9.692 6m1.386 0A5.078 5.078 0 1 1 6 .921 5.078 5.078 0 0 1 11.078 6M12 6a6 6 0 1 0-6 6 6 6 0 0 0 6-6"></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-people" viewbox="0 0 19.8 15"> <defs> <style> .people-1{fill:#e0e0e0}.people-2{fill:#ccc}.people-3{fill:#434343} </style> </defs> <g id="three"> <path id="Path_7077" d="M12.179 62.44h-2.163a4.839 4.839 0 0 1-6.233 0H1.621A1.627 1.627 0 0 0 0 64.065v3.422h13.8v-3.422a1.629 1.629 0 0 0-1.621-1.625z" class="people-1" data-name="Path 7077" transform="translate(0 -52.487)"/> <path id="Path_7078" d="M20.61 0c-2.37 0-4.29 2.042-4.29 4.868s1.92 5.118 4.29 5.118 4.29-2.292 4.29-5.118S22.98 0 20.61 0z" class="people-1" data-name="Path 7078" transform="translate(-13.71)"/> </g> <g id="two" transform="translate(3)"> <path id="Path_7077-2" d="M12.179 62.44h-2.163a4.839 4.839 0 0 1-6.233 0H1.621A1.627 1.627 0 0 0 0 64.065v3.422h13.8v-3.422a1.629 1.629 0 0 0-1.621-1.625z" class="people-2" data-name="Path 7077" transform="translate(0 -52.487)"/> <path id="Path_7078-2" d="M20.61 0c-2.37 0-4.29 2.042-4.29 4.868s1.92 5.118 4.29 5.118 4.29-2.292 4.29-5.118S22.98 0 20.61 0z" class="people-2" data-name="Path 7078" transform="translate(-13.71)"/> </g> <g id="one" transform="translate(6)"> <path id="Path_7077-3" d="M12.179 62.44h-2.163a4.839 4.839 0 0 1-6.233 0H1.621A1.627 1.627 0 0 0 0 64.065v3.422h13.8v-3.422a1.629 1.629 0 0 0-1.621-1.625z" class="people-3" data-name="Path 7077" transform="translate(0 -52.487)"/> <path id="Path_7078-3" d="M20.61 0c-2.37 0-4.29 2.042-4.29 4.868s1.92 5.118 4.29 5.118 4.29-2.292 4.29-5.118S22.98 0 20.61 0z" class="people-3" data-name="Path 7078" transform="translate(-13.71)"/> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-flying-envelope" viewbox="0 0 50 20"> <g id="lines" transform="translate(0 4)"> <path id="Path_6272" data-name="Path 6272" d="M41.614,47.737c0-.435-.382-.746-.916-.746H24.529c-.534,0-.915.311-.915.746a.846.846,0,0,0,.991.747H40.7C41.232,48.484,41.614,48.173,41.614,47.737Z" transform="translate(-23.614 -46.991)" fill="#333"/> <path id="Path_6273" data-name="Path 6273" d="M41.134,61.628H33.892c-.545,0-.934.312-.934.747s.389.746.934.746h7.242c.545,0,.935-.311.935-.746A.829.829,0,0,0,41.134,61.628Z" transform="translate(-24.569 -53.499)" fill="#333"/> <path id="Path_6274" data-name="Path 6274" d="M41.134,54.311H30.155c-.545,0-.935.312-.935.75s.39.75.935.75H41.134c.545,0,.935-.312.935-.75A.873.873,0,0,0,41.134,54.311Z" transform="translate(-24.569 -50.245)" fill="#333"/> </g> <path id="envelope" d="M56.064,52.362V33.59a.626.626,0,0,0-.638-.614H28.7a.626.626,0,0,0-.638.614V52.362a.626.626,0,0,0,.638.614H55.426A.626.626,0,0,0,56.064,52.362ZM29.34,34.9l8.69,7.916-8.69,8.206ZM43.6,43.421a2.117,2.117,0,0,1-3.067-.018l-10.1-9.2H53.777Zm-4.637.241.68.62A3.51,3.51,0,0,0,42.069,45.3h.03a3.5,3.5,0,0,0,2.385-1l.739-.669,8.6,8.117H30.395Zm7.2-.872,8.634-7.816v15.97Z" transform="translate(-6.064 -32.976)" fill="#333"/> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-phone" viewbox="0 0 12.46119 12.89612"> <path id="icon-phone-path-1" class="cls-1" d="M12.447,9.66091c-.1873-1.277-2.49889-2.05284-3.2515-1.87136C8.28672,8.00869,8.10672,9.093,7.7483,9.12947c-.64788.17271-4.12977-3.73273-4.017-4.378.04044-.37641,1.21015-.33639,1.41944-1.32262C5.358,2.45266,4.87107.46237,3.70062.08018,2.58816-.28307,0,.63641,0,1.86122c0,6.07513,5.22193,11.03193,10.23345,11.0349C11.40834,12.89681,12.60548,10.74137,12.447,9.66091Z"/> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-globe" viewbox="0 0 13 13"> <path id="icon-globe-path-1" class="cls-1" d="M6.5,0A6.5,6.5,0,1,0,13,6.5,6.5,6.5,0,0,0,6.5,0ZM8.657,9.372l-.3.3a.626.626,0,0,0-.162.281c-.04.148-.072.3-.125.442l-.456,1.228a5.23762,5.23762,0,0,1-1.114.114v-.718a1.962,1.962,0,0,0-.593-1.343.839.839,0,0,1-.246-.593V8.248a.836.836,0,0,0-.431-.733c-.377-.208-.912-.5-1.279-.684a3.77825,3.77825,0,0,1-.83-.57L3.1,6.242a3.009,3.009,0,0,1-.473-.544c-.246-.361-.646-.955-.907-1.34a5.27,5.27,0,0,1,2.7-2.671l.629.315a.419.419,0,0,0,.607-.375v-.3A5.23773,5.23773,0,0,1,6.3,1.268l.742.742a.419.419,0,0,1,.00044.59256L7.042,2.603l-.123.123-.271.271a.21.21,0,0,0-.003.297l.003.003.123.123a.21.21,0,0,1,.003.297l-.003.003-.21.21a.21.21,0,0,1-.148.061H6.178a.21.21,0,0,0-.146.059l-.26.253a.21.21,0,0,0-.042.234l.409.817a.21.21,0,0,1-.187.3H5.8a.209.209,0,0,1-.137-.051L5.42,5.392a.42.42,0,0,0-.408-.081L4.2,5.589a.313.313,0,0,0-.041.577l.29.145a1.7751,1.7751,0,0,0,.794.188c.276,0,.592.715.839.839H7.83a.839.839,0,0,1,.593.246l.359.359a.8.8,0,0,1,.234.565,1.22,1.22,0,0,1-.36.864ZM10.93,6.978a.629.629,0,0,1-.371-.261l-.471-.707a.628.628,0,0,1,0-.7l.512-.773a.628.628,0,0,1,.242-.214l.34-.17a5.078,5.078,0,0,1,.511,3.011Z"/> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-arrow-upward" viewbox="0 0 6.80371 6.80518"> <g id="icon-arrow-upward-line-1"> <path class="cls-1" d="M.6,6.8047A.6001.6001,0,0,1,.17615,5.78029L5.78064.17579a.59973.59973,0,1,1,.84766.84864L1.0238,6.62892A.59746.59746,0,0,1,.6,6.8047Z" transform="translate(-0.00037 -0.00001)"/> <path class="cls-1" d="M6.20447,6.80519a.59984.59984,0,0,1-.59961-.6001V1.2007H.6A.6001.6001,0,0,1,.6.0005H6.20447a.59985.59985,0,0,1,.59961.6001V6.20509A.59985.59985,0,0,1,6.20447,6.80519Z" transform="translate(-0.00037 -0.00001)"/> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-map-marker" viewbox="0 0 10.8 13.99915"> <g id="icon-map-marker-line-1"> <path id="icon-map-marker-path-1" class="cls-1" d="M5.4,13.99915h0a22.14319,22.14319,0,0,1-2.7-2.724c-1.231-1.482-2.7-3.705-2.7-5.876a5.4,5.4,0,0,1,10.8,0c0,2.17-1.469,4.392-2.7,5.875A22.14152,22.14152,0,0,1,5.4,13.99915Zm.016-11.536a3.064,3.064,0,1,0,3.064,3.064h0A3.067,3.067,0,0,0,5.416,2.46315Z"/> <circle id="Ellipse_49" data-name="Ellipse 49" class="cls-1" cx="5.428" cy="5.53821" r="1.552"/> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-list-menu" viewbox="0 0 20 15"> <rect class="icon-list-menu-rect-1" x="5" y="0.5" width="15" height="2" rx="1"/> <rect class="icon-list-menu-rect-1" x="5" y="6.5" width="15" height="2" rx="1"/> <rect class="icon-list-menu-rect-1" x="5" y="12.5" width="15" height="2" rx="1"/> <circle class="icon-list-menu-circ-1" cx="1.5" cy="1.5" r="1.5"/> <circle class="icon-list-menu-circ-1" cx="1.5" cy="7.75" r="1.5"/> <circle class="icon-list-menu-circ-1" cx="1.5" cy="13.5" r="1.5"/> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-filters" viewbox="0 0 20 20"> <path class="icon-filters-path-1" d="M19,2H14A2.98287,2.98287,0,0,0,8.36743,2H1A1,1,0,0,0,1,4H8.36743A2.98287,2.98287,0,0,0,14,4h5a1,1,0,0,0,0-2ZM11.18372,4.27673A1.27673,1.27673,0,1,1,12.46045,3,1.27675,1.27675,0,0,1,11.18372,4.27673Z"/> <path class="icon-filters-path-1" d="M1,11H5a2.98287,2.98287,0,0,0,5.63257,0H19a1,1,0,0,0,0-2H10.63257A2.98287,2.98287,0,0,0,5,9H1a1,1,0,0,0,0,2ZM7.81628,8.72327A1.27673,1.27673,0,1,1,6.53955,10,1.27675,1.27675,0,0,1,7.81628,8.72327Z"/> <path class="icon-filters-path-1" d="M19,16H14a2.98287,2.98287,0,0,0-5.63257,0H1a1,1,0,0,0,0,2H8.36743A2.98287,2.98287,0,0,0,14,18h5a1,1,0,0,0,0-2Zm-7.81628,2.27673A1.27673,1.27673,0,1,1,12.46045,17,1.27675,1.27675,0,0,1,11.18372,18.27673Z"/> </symbol> </svg> <ps-header class="page-header-custom-element"> <div class="navigation-panel"> <div class="navigation-panel-inner"> <div class="navigation-wrapper"> <div class="dss-nav-trial" data-reg-role="trial"></div> <nav class="navigation"> <ul class="navigation-menu"> <li data-click="nav0"><div class="navigation-item"> <div class="navigation-item-text"> <a class="navigation-item-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/business">Business</a> </div> </div></li> <li data-click="nav1"><div class="navigation-item"> <div class="navigation-item-text"> <a class="navigation-item-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/california">California</a> </div> </div></li> <li data-click="nav2"><div class="navigation-item"> <div class="navigation-item-text"> <a class="navigation-item-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/environment">Climate & Environment</a> </div> </div></li> <li data-click="nav3"><div class="navigation-item"> <div class="navigation-item-text"> <a class="navigation-item-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts">Entertainment & Arts</a> </div> </div></li> <li data-click="nav4"><div class="navigation-item"> <div class="navigation-item-text"> <a class="navigation-item-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/food">Food</a> </div> </div></li> <li data-click="nav5"><div class="navigation-item"> <div class="navigation-item-text"> <a class="navigation-item-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/business/real-estate">Hot Property</a> </div> </div></li> <li data-click="nav6"><div class="navigation-item"> <div class="navigation-item-text"> <a class="navigation-item-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/homeless-housing">Housing & Homelessness</a> </div> </div></li> <li data-click="nav7"><div class="navigation-item"> <div class="navigation-item-text"> <a class="navigation-item-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/lifestyle">Lifestyle</a> </div> </div></li> <li data-click="nav8"><div class="navigation-item"> <div class="navigation-item-text"> <a class="navigation-item-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/obituaries">Obituaries</a> </div> </div></li> <li data-click="nav9"><div class="navigation-item"> <div class="navigation-item-text"> <a class="navigation-item-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/opinion">Opinion</a> </div> </div></li> <li data-click="nav10"><div class="navigation-item"> <div class="navigation-item-text"> <a class="navigation-item-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/politics">Politics</a> </div> </div></li> <li data-click="nav11"><div class="navigation-item"> <div class="navigation-item-text"> <a class="navigation-item-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/science">Science</a> </div> </div></li> <li data-click="nav12"><div class="navigation-item"> <div class="navigation-item-text"> <a class="navigation-item-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/sports">Sports</a> </div> </div></li> <li data-click="nav13"><div class="navigation-item"> <div class="navigation-item-text"> <a class="navigation-item-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/travel">Travel</a> </div> </div></li> <li data-click="nav14"><div class="navigation-item"> <div class="navigation-item-text"> <a class="navigation-item-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/world-nation">World & Nation</a> </div> </div></li> <li data-click="nav15"><div class="navigation-item"> <div class="navigation-item-text"> <span>_________________</span> </div> </div></li> <li data-click="nav16"><div class="navigation-item"> <div class="navigation-item-text"> <a class="navigation-item-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/about">About Us </a> <div class="navigation-item-more"> <button class="subnavigation-button button" aria-label="Open Sub Navigation"><svg class="icon chevron-icon"><use xlink:href="/web/20200806193200im_/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html#chevron"></use></svg></button> </div> </div> <ul class="navigation-item-menu"> <li data-click="navsub0"> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/about">About Us</a> </li> <li data-click="navsub1"> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/archives">Archives</a> </li> <li data-click="navsub2"> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/about/pressreleases">Company News</a> </li> <li data-click="navsub3"> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/about/for-the-record/">For the Record</a> </li> <li data-click="navsub4"> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/tips/" target="_blank">Got a Tip? </a> </li> <li data-click="navsub5"> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://nantmedia.wd5.myworkdayjobs.com/LATimesCareers" target="_blank">L.A. Times Careers</a> </li> <li data-click="navsub6"> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/about/events/">L.A. Times Events</a> </li> <li data-click="navsub7"> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://store.latimes.com/?utm_source=latimes&utm_medium=homepage&utm_campaign=homepage_subnav" target="_blank">L.A. Times Store</a> </li> <li data-click="navsub8"> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/newsroom-directory">Newsroom Directory</a> </li> <li data-click="navsub9"> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/about/la-reprint-request-splash-htmlstory.html" target="_blank">Reprints, Rights & Permissions</a> </li> </ul> <ul class="navigation-item-menu-placeholder"> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/about">About Us</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/archives">Archives</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/about/pressreleases">Company News</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/about/for-the-record/">For the Record</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/tips/" target="_blank">Got a Tip? </a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://nantmedia.wd5.myworkdayjobs.com/LATimesCareers" target="_blank">L.A. Times Careers</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/about/events/">L.A. Times Events</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://store.latimes.com/?utm_source=latimes&utm_medium=homepage&utm_campaign=homepage_subnav" target="_blank">L.A. Times Store</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/newsroom-directory">Newsroom Directory</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/about/la-reprint-request-splash-htmlstory.html" target="_blank">Reprints, Rights & Permissions</a> </li> </ul> </div></li> <li data-click="nav17"><div class="navigation-item"> <div class="navigation-item-text"> <a class="navigation-item-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://placeanad.latimes.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Advertising</a> <div class="navigation-item-more"> <button class="subnavigation-button button" aria-label="Open Sub Navigation"><svg class="icon chevron-icon"><use xlink:href="/web/20200806193200im_/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html#chevron"></use></svg></button> </div> </div> <ul class="navigation-item-menu"> <li data-click="navsub0"> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://placeanad.latimes.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Place an Ad</a> </li> <li data-click="navsub1"> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://classifieds.latimes.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Classifieds</a> </li> <li data-click="navsub2"> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://jobs.latimes.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Find/Post Jobs</a> </li> <li data-click="navsub3"> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://marketplace.latimes.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Local Ads Marketplace</a> </li> <li data-click="navsub4"> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://mediakit.latimes.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Media Kit: Why the L.A. Times?</a> </li> <li data-click="navsub5"> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://marketplace.latimes.com/places/types:23" target="_blank">Hot Property Sections</a> </li> <li data-click="navsub6"> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://placeanad.latimes.com/open-house" target="_blank">Place an Open House</a> </li> <li data-click="navsub7"> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://marketplace.latimes.com/places/categories:43" target="_blank">Sotheby’s International Realty</a> </li> </ul> <ul class="navigation-item-menu-placeholder"> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://placeanad.latimes.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Place an Ad</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://classifieds.latimes.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Classifieds</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://jobs.latimes.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Find/Post Jobs</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://marketplace.latimes.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Local Ads Marketplace</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://mediakit.latimes.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Media Kit: Why the L.A. Times?</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://marketplace.latimes.com/places/types:23" target="_blank">Hot Property Sections</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://placeanad.latimes.com/open-house" target="_blank">Place an Open House</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://marketplace.latimes.com/places/categories:43" target="_blank">Sotheby’s International Realty</a> </li> </ul> </div></li> <li data-click="nav18"><div class="navigation-item"> <div class="navigation-item-text"> <a class="navigation-item-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/brandpublishing">Brand Publishing</a> </div> </div></li> <li data-click="nav19"><div class="navigation-item"> <div class="navigation-item-text"> <a class="navigation-item-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/games">Crossword & Games</a> </div> </div></li> <li data-click="nav20"><div class="navigation-item"> <div class="navigation-item-text"> <a class="navigation-item-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/local/california/la-voice-audio-la-times-alexa-20181207-story.html" target="_blank">L.A. Times News Platforms</a> <div class="navigation-item-more"> <button class="subnavigation-button button" aria-label="Open Sub Navigation"><svg class="icon chevron-icon"><use xlink:href="/web/20200806193200im_/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html#chevron"></use></svg></button> </div> </div> <ul class="navigation-item-menu"> <li data-click="navsub0"> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/local/california/la-voice-audio-la-times-alexa-20181207-story.html">Audio Briefs for Smart Speakers</a> </li> <li data-click="navsub1"> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/espanol/">L.A. Times En Español</a> </li> <li data-click="navsub2"> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://enewspaper.latimes.com/ " target="_blank">eNewspaper</a> </li> <li data-click="navsub3"> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://apps.apple.com/us/app/la-times/id373238146" target="_blank">News App: Apple IOS</a> </li> <li data-click="navsub4"> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.apptivateme.next.la&hl=en_US" target="_blank">News App: Google Play</a> </li> <li data-click="navsub5"> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://membership.latimes.com/newsletters/" target="_blank">Newsletters</a> </li> <li data-click="navsub6"> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2019-07-16/los-angeles-times-podcasts" target="_blank">Podcasts</a> </li> <li data-click="navsub7"> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.youtube.com/user/losangelestimes" target="_blank">YouTube</a> </li> </ul> <ul class="navigation-item-menu-placeholder"> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/local/california/la-voice-audio-la-times-alexa-20181207-story.html">Audio Briefs for Smart Speakers</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/espanol/">L.A. Times En Español</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://enewspaper.latimes.com/ " target="_blank">eNewspaper</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://apps.apple.com/us/app/la-times/id373238146" target="_blank">News App: Apple IOS</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.apptivateme.next.la&hl=en_US" target="_blank">News App: Google Play</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://membership.latimes.com/newsletters/" target="_blank">Newsletters</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2019-07-16/los-angeles-times-podcasts" target="_blank">Podcasts</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.youtube.com/user/losangelestimes" target="_blank">YouTube</a> </li> </ul> </div></li> <li data-click="nav21"><div class="navigation-item"> <div class="navigation-item-text"> <a class="navigation-item-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://store.latimes.com/?utm_source=latimes&utm_medium=homepage&utm_campaign=homepage_nav" target="_blank">L.A. Times Store</a> </div> </div></li> <li data-click="nav22"><div class="navigation-item"> <div class="navigation-item-text"> <a class="navigation-item-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/flyoutsubscribe" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Subscriptions</a> <div class="navigation-item-more"> <button class="subnavigation-button button" aria-label="Open Sub Navigation"><svg class="icon chevron-icon"><use xlink:href="/web/20200806193200im_/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html#chevron"></use></svg></button> </div> </div> <ul class="navigation-item-menu"> <li data-click="navsub0"> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://myaccount2.latimes.com/index.aspx" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Manage Subscription</a> </li> <li data-click="navsub1"> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://myaccount2.latimes.com/login.aspx?ReturnUrl=%2fsecurepage%2fEZPay.aspx" target="_blank" rel="noopener">EZPAY</a> </li> <li data-click="navsub2"> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://myaccount2.latimes.com/login.aspx?ReturnUrl=%2fsecurepage%2fMissedPaper.aspx" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Delivery Issue</a> </li> <li data-click="navsub3"> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://enewspaper.latimes.com/ " target="_blank" rel="noopener">eNewspaper</a> </li> <li data-click="navsub4"> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/about/marketing/los-angeles-times-for-students-and-educators">Students & Educators</a> </li> <li data-click="navsub5"> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/flyoutsubscribe" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Subscribe</a> </li> <li data-click="navsub6"> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/subscriber-terms-and-conditions" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Subscriber Terms</a> </li> </ul> <ul class="navigation-item-menu-placeholder"> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://myaccount2.latimes.com/index.aspx" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Manage Subscription</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://myaccount2.latimes.com/login.aspx?ReturnUrl=%2fsecurepage%2fEZPay.aspx" target="_blank" rel="noopener">EZPAY</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://myaccount2.latimes.com/login.aspx?ReturnUrl=%2fsecurepage%2fMissedPaper.aspx" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Delivery Issue</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://enewspaper.latimes.com/ " target="_blank" rel="noopener">eNewspaper</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/about/marketing/los-angeles-times-for-students-and-educators">Students & Educators</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/flyoutsubscribe" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Subscribe</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/subscriber-terms-and-conditions" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Subscriber Terms</a> </li> </ul> </div></li> </ul> </nav> <div class="page-header-disclaimer">Copyright © 2020, Los Angeles Times | <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/terms-of-service">Terms of Service</a> | <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/privacy-policy">Privacy Policy</a> | <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/privacy-policy#california-notice-of-collection" target="_blank">CA Notice of Collection</a> | <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://membership.latimes.com/privacy-settings" target="_blank">Do Not Sell My Info</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <header class="page-header"> <button class="button navigation-button" aria-expanded="false"><svg class="icon burger-menu-icon"><use xlink:href="/web/20200806193200im_/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html#burger-menu"></use></svg><svg class="icon close-icon"><use xlink:href="/web/20200806193200im_/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html#close-x"></use></svg><span class="label">Sections</span></button> <div class="page-header-logo"><a aria-label="home page" href="/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/"> <img class="page-logo-image" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200im_/https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/b9/f5/1c9278c94a439e28f5150c679d6f/logo-full-black.svg" alt="Los Angeles Times" width="959" height="120"/> </a> </div> <ul class="navigation-quick-links"> <li data-click="ql0"><a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/california">California</a></li> <li data-click="ql1"><a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts">Entertainment</a></li> <li data-click="ql2"><a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/sports">Sports</a></li> <li data-click="ql3"><a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/food">Food</a></li> <li data-click="ql4"><a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/environment">Climate </a></li> <li data-click="ql5"><a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/opinion">Opinion</a></li> <li data-click="ql6"><a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://placeanad.latimes.com/" target="_blank">|</a></li> <li data-click="ql7"><a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://placeanad.latimes.com/" target="_blank">Place an Ad</a></li> <li data-click="ql8"><a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/games">Crossword</a></li> <li data-click="ql9"><a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://enewspaper.latimes.com/desktop/latimes/default.aspx?pubid=50435180-e58e-48b5-8e0c-236bf740270e" target="_blank">eNewspaper</a></li> </ul> <div class="page-header-end"> <div class="dss-header bar-dss" data-reg-role="base"></div> <button class="button search-button"><svg class="icon magnify-icon"><use xlink:href="/web/20200806193200im_/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html#icon-magnify"></use></svg><span class="visually-hidden">Show Search</span><svg class="icon close-icon"><use xlink:href="/web/20200806193200im_/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html#close-x"></use></svg></button> <div class="search-overlay"> <form class="search-form" action="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/search#nt=navsearch" novalidate="" autocomplete="off"> <label><input placeholder="Search" type="text" class="text-input" name="q" required><span class="visually-hidden">Search Query</span></label> <button type="submit" class="button submit-button"><svg class="icon magnify-icon"><use xlink:href="/web/20200806193200im_/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html#icon-magnify"></use></svg><span class="visually-hidden">Submit Search</span></button> </form> </div> </div> </header> <div class="dss-toaster" data-reg-role="prompt"></div> </ps-header> <div class="page-above"><div class="google-dfp-ad-wrapper"> <div class="google-dfp-ad-caption">Advertisement</div> <div id="google-ad419c263c-fdc1-4cb2-beb3-a2e3daf7fc0c" class="google-dfp-ad" data-slot-name="/21787098806/web.latimes/" data-slot-sizes="[[1280, 220], [970, 250], [970, 90], [728, 90], [320, 50]]" data-ad-type="leaderboard" data-ptype="story" data-slot-adsizemap="[[[1241, 0], [1280, 220], [970, 250], [970, 90], [728, 90]], [[1024, 0], [728, 90], [1280, 220]], [[800, 0], [1280, 220], [728, 90]], [[0, 0], [320, 50], [320, 100], [1280, 220]]]"> <span class="google-dfp-ad-placeholder"></span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="page-ad-margins"> <div class="page-sticky-wrapper"> <div class="page-actions-sticky"> <div class="page-actions-sticky-content"> <ps-actionbar class="action-bar"> <ul class="action-bar-menu"> <li> <a class="action-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.facebook.com/dialog/share?app_id=119932621434123&display=popup&href=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html" target="_blank" data-social-service="facebook"> <svg class="icon facebook-icon"><use xlink:href="/web/20200806193200im_/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html#mono-icon-facebook"></use></svg><span>Facebook</span> </a> </li> <li><a class="action-link ActionLink" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html&text=A%20Cinematic%20Rarity%3A%20Showing%20of%20Leone%27s%20Uncut%20%27America%27" target="_blank" data-social-service="twitter"> <svg><use xlink:href="/web/20200806193200im_/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html#mono-icon-twitter"/></svg><span>Twitter</span> </a> </li> <li> <a class="action-link" data-dropdown-trigger href="#"><svg class="icon share-arrow-icon "><use xlink:href="/web/20200806193200im_/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html#share-more-arrow"></use></svg><span>Show more sharing options</span></a> </li> </ul> <div class="action-bar-dropdown"> <div class="action-bar-dropdown-header"> <span>Share</span> <button class="button close-button" data-dropdown-close><svg class="icon close-icon"><use xlink:href="/web/20200806193200im_/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html#close-x"></use></svg><span class="visually-hidden">Close extra sharing options</span></button> </div> <ul class="action-bar-dropdown-menu"> <li> <a class="action-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.facebook.com/dialog/share?app_id=119932621434123&display=popup&href=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html" target="_blank" data-social-service="facebook"> <svg class="icon facebook-icon"><use xlink:href="/web/20200806193200im_/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html#mono-icon-facebook"></use></svg><span>Facebook</span> </a> </li> <li><a class="action-link ActionLink" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html&text=A%20Cinematic%20Rarity%3A%20Showing%20of%20Leone%27s%20Uncut%20%27America%27" target="_blank" data-social-service="twitter"> <svg><use xlink:href="/web/20200806193200im_/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html#mono-icon-twitter"/></svg><span>Twitter</span> </a> </li> <li><a class="action-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html&mini=true&title=A%20Cinematic%20Rarity%3A%20Showing%20of%20Leone%27s%20Uncut%20%27America%27&summary=Movies%3A%20Seen%20in%20its%20entirety%2C%20his%201984%20film%20conveys%20melancholy%20and%20sadness%2C%20youthful%20yearning%20and%20mature%20regret.&source=Los%20Angeles%20Times" target="_blank" data-social-service="linkedin"> <svg class="icon linkedin-icon"><use xlink:href="/web/20200806193200im_/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html#mono-icon-linkedin"></use></svg><span>LinkedIn</span> </a> </li> <li><a class="action-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/mailto:/?body=A%20Cinematic%20Rarity%3A%20Showing%20of%20Leone%27s%20Uncut%20%27America%27%0A%0Ahttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html%0A%0AMovies%3A%20Seen%20in%20its%20entirety%2C%20his%201984%20film%20conveys%20melancholy%20and%20sadness%2C%20youthful%20yearning%20and%20mature%20regret." data-social-service="email"> <svg class="icon email-icon"><use xlink:href="/web/20200806193200im_/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html#mono-icon-email"></use></svg><span>Email</span> </a> </li> <li> <a class="action-link" data-social-service="copylink" href="#"><svg class="icon copy-link-icon"><use xlink:href="/web/20200806193200im_/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html#mono-icon-copylink"></use></svg><span>Copy Link URL</span><span data-copied-text>Copied!</span></a> </li> <li> <a class="action-link" data-social-service="print" href="javascript:window.print()"><svg class="icon print-icon"><use xlink:href="/web/20200806193200im_/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html#mono-icon-print"></use></svg><span>Print</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </ps-actionbar> </div> </div> <div class="page-content paywall"> <h1 class="headline"> A Cinematic Rarity: Showing of Leone’s Uncut ‘America’ </h1> <div class="page-wrapper"> <main class="page-main"> <div class="page-main-content"> <article class="story"> <div class="byline"> <div class="byline-text"> <span class="byline-prefix">By </span>KENNETH TURAN </div> <div class="published-date"> <div class="published-day">July 10, 1999</div><div class="published-time">12 AM</div> </div> <div class="page-actions"> <ps-actionbar class="action-bar"> <ul class="action-bar-menu"> <li> <a class="action-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.facebook.com/dialog/share?app_id=119932621434123&display=popup&href=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html" target="_blank" data-social-service="facebook"> <svg class="icon facebook-icon"><use xlink:href="/web/20200806193200im_/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html#mono-icon-facebook"></use></svg><span>Facebook</span> </a> </li> <li><a class="action-link ActionLink" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html&text=A%20Cinematic%20Rarity%3A%20Showing%20of%20Leone%27s%20Uncut%20%27America%27" target="_blank" data-social-service="twitter"> <svg><use xlink:href="/web/20200806193200im_/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html#mono-icon-twitter"/></svg><span>Twitter</span> </a> </li> <li> <a class="action-link" data-dropdown-trigger href="#"><svg class="icon share-arrow-icon "><use xlink:href="/web/20200806193200im_/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html#share-more-arrow"></use></svg><span>Show more sharing options</span></a> </li> </ul> <div class="action-bar-dropdown"> <div class="action-bar-dropdown-header"> <span>Share</span> <button class="button close-button" data-dropdown-close><svg class="icon close-icon"><use xlink:href="/web/20200806193200im_/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html#close-x"></use></svg><span class="visually-hidden">Close extra sharing options</span></button> </div> <ul class="action-bar-dropdown-menu"> <li> <a class="action-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.facebook.com/dialog/share?app_id=119932621434123&display=popup&href=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html" target="_blank" data-social-service="facebook"> <svg class="icon facebook-icon"><use xlink:href="/web/20200806193200im_/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html#mono-icon-facebook"></use></svg><span>Facebook</span> </a> </li> <li><a class="action-link ActionLink" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html&text=A%20Cinematic%20Rarity%3A%20Showing%20of%20Leone%27s%20Uncut%20%27America%27" target="_blank" data-social-service="twitter"> <svg><use xlink:href="/web/20200806193200im_/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html#mono-icon-twitter"/></svg><span>Twitter</span> </a> </li> <li><a class="action-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html&mini=true&title=A%20Cinematic%20Rarity%3A%20Showing%20of%20Leone%27s%20Uncut%20%27America%27&summary=Movies%3A%20Seen%20in%20its%20entirety%2C%20his%201984%20film%20conveys%20melancholy%20and%20sadness%2C%20youthful%20yearning%20and%20mature%20regret.&source=Los%20Angeles%20Times" target="_blank" data-social-service="linkedin"> <svg class="icon linkedin-icon"><use xlink:href="/web/20200806193200im_/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html#mono-icon-linkedin"></use></svg><span>LinkedIn</span> </a> </li> <li><a class="action-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/mailto:/?body=A%20Cinematic%20Rarity%3A%20Showing%20of%20Leone%27s%20Uncut%20%27America%27%0A%0Ahttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html%0A%0AMovies%3A%20Seen%20in%20its%20entirety%2C%20his%201984%20film%20conveys%20melancholy%20and%20sadness%2C%20youthful%20yearning%20and%20mature%20regret." data-social-service="email"> <svg class="icon email-icon"><use xlink:href="/web/20200806193200im_/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html#mono-icon-email"></use></svg><span>Email</span> </a> </li> <li> <a class="action-link" data-social-service="copylink" href="#"><svg class="icon copy-link-icon"><use xlink:href="/web/20200806193200im_/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html#mono-icon-copylink"></use></svg><span>Copy Link URL</span><span data-copied-text>Copied!</span></a> </li> <li> <a class="action-link" data-social-service="print" href="javascript:window.print()"><svg class="icon print-icon"><use xlink:href="/web/20200806193200im_/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html#mono-icon-print"></use></svg><span>Print</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </ps-actionbar> </div> </div> <div class="page-titleline"> TIMES FILM CRITIC </div> <div class="page-article-container"> <div class="page-article-body"><div class="rich-text-article-body"> <div class="rich-text-article-body-content rich-text-body"><p>The best pictures are often the hardest to see. Which is probably why “Once Upon a Time in America,” Sergio Leone’s richly cinematic magnum opus, went 15 years without having access to the U.S. big screens it so thoroughly deserves.</p><p>But now, after being shown at New York’s Museum of Modern Art in February, Leone’s three-hour, 39-minute director’s cut will be screening one time only, tonight at 7:30 p.m. as the closing event of the Los Angeles County Museum of Art’s “Sergio Leone’s America” series at LACMA’S Bing Theater. The print is impeccable and it will no doubt be still more years before this exceptional film, both artificial and naturalistic, excessive as well as tightly controlled, comes this way again.</p><p>When the Ladd Co. originally released “Once Upon a Time” nationwide in 1984, it not only cut nearly an hour and a half off its running time, it also changed everything that was distinctive, even audacious, in the director’s dazzling narrative structure.</p><p>A gangster epic set among Jewish hoodlums on New York’s Lower East Side, “Once Upon a Time” has three main time frames: 1922, 1932-33 and 1968. But far from telling the story in the straightforward manner the abbreviated version favors, Leone’s scheme toys with chronology. The film slips easily back and forth in time, dancing between the decades, often making the connection from one era to another solely by means of brilliant cuts that work like magic.</p><div class="enhancement" data-align-center><div class="google-dfp-ad-wrapper"> <div class="google-dfp-ad-caption">Advertisement</div> <div id="google-ad13c94549-e944-4be7-aa33-30057b018ea9" class="google-dfp-ad injected" data-slot-name="/21787098806/web.latimes/" data-slot-sizes="[[5, 1]]" data-module-targeting="{"instart": "false"}"> <span class="google-dfp-ad-placeholder"></span> </div> </div></div> <p>“Once Upon a Time” follows the fortunes of two boyhood friends and partners in all kinds of crime , David “Noodles” Aaronson (Robert De Niro) and Maximilian “Max” Bercovitz (James Woods). The film starts in 1933, at the beginning of the end for Noodles, with rival hoods looking to end his life, and skips both back to his larcenous boyhood and ahead to his exhausted old age in the 1960s.</p><p>Though the film is defined by its bravura aspects, Leone managed to keep the acting of his two stars as understated and muted as the picture’s carefully modulated color scheme. Though both men have flirted with mannered work in the years since, they show impressive restraint and power in what they do here.</p><p>Also doing fine work are Tuesday Weld as the sexually voracious Carol, William Forsythe as gang member Cockeye, and even producer Arnon Milchan, who has an amusing cameo as an outraged chauffeur. Less successful is Elizabeth McGovern, who never finds her footing as Deborah, the girl of Noodles’ dreams, while Jennifer Connelly discovers ways to be memorable playing Deborah as a headstrong teenage girl.</p><p>Intensely violent in bursts of mayhem that even modern viewers need to be warned about, “Once Upon a Time” is also troublesome in its treatment of women. The film features two exceptionally violent rapes and its screenplay doesn’t recognize the existence of mature females who aren’t, in critic Tony Rayns’ words, “either nymphomaniacs or complaisant victims of male sadists and rapists.”</p><div class="enhancement" data-align-center><div class="google-dfp-ad-wrapper"> <div class="google-dfp-ad-caption">Advertisement</div> <div id="google-ad4578aee3-5489-458d-a666-d8deeecc98ec" class="google-dfp-ad injected" data-slot-name="/21787098806/web.latimes/" data-slot-sizes="[[300, 250]]" data-ad-type="injected" data-hide-desktop="true" data-module-targeting="{"position": "1"}"> <span class="google-dfp-ad-placeholder"></span> </div> </div></div> <p></p><div id="nativo_1"></div><p>Despite, or perhaps because of, having six Italian screenwriters, including Leone, plus giving an additional writing credit to Stuart Kaminsky, dialogue is not “Once Upon a Time’s” strength. The use of English is awkward at times, the 1968 section is not as convincing plot-wise as it might be, and nothing anyone says is as close to memorable as, for instance, the best parts of “The Godfather.”</p><p>More than making up for these drawbacks is Leone’s exceptional filmmaking skill, his gift for lush storytelling and his ability to create a visual tapestry luxurious enough to make you swoon without sacrificing the fierceness of his vision.</p><p>Working with cinematographer Tonino Delli Colli, Leone got so involved with the spectacular, large scale physical recreation of the Lower East Side that energizes this film that, according to Leone biographer David N. Meyer, he built the same set in three different cities.</p><p>Yet, paradoxically, many of this film’s most memorable images are smaller, quieter ones. Impossible to forget are the sight of children skipping past the gargantuan Williamsburg Bridge, a series of bright red balls popping up on the foggy East River, a shootout in a feather factory or even a tombstone in the grip of an earthmover rising as if by magic above a cemetery wall.</p><div class="enhancement" data-align-center><div class="google-dfp-ad-wrapper"> <div class="google-dfp-ad-caption">Advertisement</div> <div id="google-ad58f5dc4e-81b7-45fa-a201-c8be70fee141" class="google-dfp-ad injected" data-slot-name="/21787098806/web.latimes/" data-slot-sizes="[[300, 250]]" data-ad-type="injected" data-hide-desktop="true" data-module-targeting="{"position": "2"}"> <span class="google-dfp-ad-placeholder"></span> </div> </div></div> <p>Even though “Once Upon a Time” contains considerable mayhem, its overall mood is far from the macho triumphalism of most contemporary violent films. Helped by Ennio Morricone’s trademark score, especially the hauntingplaying of pan pipes by Gheorghe Zamfir, this is a work whose overall mood is one of overwhelming melancholy and sadness, of youthful yearning, mature regret, and the transcendent but fleeting nature of memory itself.</p><p>The important thing about filmmaking, Leone said once in an interview, is “to make a world that is not now. A real world, a genuine world, but one that allows myth to live. The myth is everything.” Of the five films he directed between 1964 and 1984, this, his last film, makes that point the strongest.</p><p><i> * “Once Upon a Time in America,” LACMA, Bing Theater, 5905 Wilshire Blvd. 7:30 p.m. $5-$7. (323) 857-6010.</i></p></div> </div> </div> <hr/> </div> </article> <div class="bylines"> <div class="author-info"> <div class="author-avatar"> <a aria-label="Kenneth Turan" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/people/kenneth-turan"> <img alt="" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200im_/https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/8b75692/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1152x1152+448+0/resize/100x100!/quality/90/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fdc%2F83%2F5d479e6644bdedf9736801287b49%2Fimg-5bb2af3a-turbine-la-bio-kenneth-turan" width="100" height="100"> </a> </div> <div class="author-bio"> <div class="author-name"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/people/kenneth-turan" aria-label="">Kenneth Turan</a> </div> <div class="author-social-media"><div class="social-bar"> <p class="social-bar-heading">Follow Us</p> <ul class="social-bar-menu"> <li> <a class="social-link" rel="noreferrer" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://twitter.com/kennethturan" target="_blank" data-social-service="twitter"><svg class="icon social-icon"><use xlink:href="/web/20200806193200im_/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html#mono-icon-twitter"></use></svg><span class="visually-hidden">twitter</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <p class="author-bio-text">Kenneth Turan is the former film critic for the Los Angeles Times.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="page-main-content-footer"></div> <div class="revcontent"> <ps-revcontent id="rc-adblock-widget" data-adb-wid="113336" data-wid="113324" data-rc-widget data-widget-host="habitat" data-endpoint="trends.revcontent.com"> </ps-revcontent> </div> </div> </main> <aside class="rail"> <div class="rail-content"> <div class="list list-l" data-list-id="00000171-55cd-d822-a973-f7eda32b0001"> <div class="list-header list-l-list-header"> <p class="list-header-title list-l-list-header-title">Subscribers Are Reading</p> </div> <ul class="list-menu list-l-menu"> <li data-click="liL0promoXSmall" data-hide-img data-hide-description data-hide-timestamp data-hide-more-coverage> <ps-promo class="promo promo-x-small" data-content-type="article"> <div class="promo-wrapper"> <div class="promo-title-container-dupe"> <p class="promo-category"> <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/business">Business</a> </p> <p class="promo-title"> <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/business/story/2020-08-05/trader-joes-joses-mings-labels-branding-backlash">If you’re in love with Trader Joe’s, its stances can also break your heart</a> </p> </div> <div class="promo-media"> <a class="link" aria-label="If you’re in love with Trader Joe’s, its stances can also break your heart" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/business/story/2020-08-05/trader-joes-joses-mings-labels-branding-backlash"> <img class="image" alt="SHERMAN OAKS, CA -JULY 20, 2020: Customers make their way with shopping carts outside of Trader Joe's on Riverside Dr. In Sherman Oaks. Trader Joe's has responded to criticisms about its packaging by announcing that it is in the process of eliminating labels that use ethnic-sounding names intended to be humorous. The offending products bear such labels as Trader Ming's for foods and condiments related to Chinese cuisine, Trader Jose's for Mexican-style products and Trader Giotto's for Italian-themed items. (Mel Melcon / Los Angeles Times)" width="320" height="209" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/cf0fce9/2147483647/strip/true/crop/6314x4124+0+89/resize/320x209!/quality/90/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F6f%2Fe4%2F492cd59b442b98b6ca331dcc880e%2Fla-photos-1staff-577963-la-me-trader-joes-blm3-mam.jpg" data-lazy-load="true" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw=="> </a> </div> <div class="promo-content"> <div class="promo-title-container"> <p class="promo-category"> <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/business">Business</a> </p> <p class="promo-title"> <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/business/story/2020-08-05/trader-joes-joses-mings-labels-branding-backlash">If you’re in love with Trader Joe’s, its stances can also break your heart</a> </p> </div> <p class="promo-description">The controversy over Trader Joe’s ethnic-sounding brands shows how today’s increasingly polarized society puts the whimsical grocery chain in a tough spot.</p> <p class="promo-timestamp" data-date="Aug. 5, 2020" data-shouldshowdate="true" data-shouldshowtime="true" data-timestamp="1596628842820"></p> </div> </div> </ps-promo> </li> <li data-click="liL1promoXSmall" data-hide-img data-hide-description data-hide-timestamp data-hide-more-coverage> <ps-promo class="promo promo-x-small" data-content-type="article"> <div class="promo-wrapper"> <div class="promo-title-container-dupe"> <p class="promo-category"> <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/california">California</a> </p> <p class="promo-title"> <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-08-03/lapd-responds-to-party-at-mulholland-drive-mansion" data-autoplayable-video>A wild party at Mulholland Drive mansion, a deadly shooting and fears of COVID-19 spread</a> </p> </div> <div class="promo-media"> <a class="link" aria-label="A wild party at Mulholland Drive mansion, a deadly shooting and fears of COVID-19 spread" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-08-03/lapd-responds-to-party-at-mulholland-drive-mansion"> <img class="image" alt="Partygoer killed when gunfire breaks out at L.A. mansion" width="320" height="209" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/9dafadf/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1654x1080+133+0/resize/320x209!/quality/90/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F38%2Fbe%2Ffe41877b43948e8baf65d38122d3%2Fbeverly-crest-party-gvp-thmb.jpg" data-lazy-load="true" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw=="> </a> </div> <div class="promo-content"> <div class="promo-title-container"> <p class="promo-category"> <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/california">California</a> </p> <p class="promo-title"> <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-08-03/lapd-responds-to-party-at-mulholland-drive-mansion" data-autoplayable-video>A wild party at Mulholland Drive mansion, a deadly shooting and fears of COVID-19 spread</a> </p> </div> <p class="promo-description">Three people were shot, one fatally, and two others injured at a party in a mansion on Mulholland Drive where police had investigated a disturbance hours earlier.</p> <p class="promo-timestamp" data-date="Aug. 4, 2020" data-shouldshowdate="true" data-shouldshowtime="true" data-timestamp="1596585328543"></p> </div> </div> </ps-promo> </li> <li data-click="liL2promoXSmall" data-hide-img data-hide-description data-hide-timestamp data-hide-more-coverage> <ps-promo class="promo promo-x-small" data-content-type="article"> <div class="promo-wrapper"> <div class="promo-title-container-dupe"> <p class="promo-category"> <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/politics">Politics</a> </p> <p class="promo-title"> <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2020-08-04/trumps-base-erodes-new-poll-california">Trump’s base starting to erode, new poll shows</a> </p> </div> <div class="promo-media"> <a class="link" aria-label="Trump’s base starting to erode, new poll shows" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2020-08-04/trumps-base-erodes-new-poll-california"> <img class="image" alt="President Donald Trump arrives at the White House in Washington, Saturday, Aug. 1, 2020, as he returns from a visit to Trump National Golf Club in Sterling, Va. (AP Photo/Patrick Semansky)" width="320" height="209" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/72d6b9c/2147483647/strip/true/crop/2473x1615+0+17/resize/320x209!/quality/90/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Ff4%2F5a%2F56405eef4a88a1ba3a59e4c0a21c%2Ftrump-03535.jpg" data-lazy-load="true" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw=="> </a> </div> <div class="promo-content"> <div class="promo-title-container"> <p class="promo-category"> <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/politics">Politics</a> </p> <p class="promo-title"> <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2020-08-04/trumps-base-erodes-new-poll-california">Trump’s base starting to erode, new poll shows</a> </p> </div> <p class="promo-description">In Central Valley and other conservative parts of California, small but significant numbers of Republican voters have turned against Trump.</p> <p class="promo-timestamp" data-date="Aug. 4, 2020" data-shouldshowdate="true" data-shouldshowtime="true" data-timestamp="1596542403269"></p> <div class="promo-items"> <p class="promo-items-title">More Coverage</p> <div class="promo-items-item"><a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2020-08-04/trump-reelection-republicans-future">With the president’s reelection uncertain, Republicans battle over their future</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </ps-promo> </li> <li data-click="liL3promoXSmall" data-hide-img data-hide-description data-hide-timestamp data-hide-more-coverage> <ps-promo class="promo promo-x-small" data-content-type="article"> <div class="promo-wrapper"> <div class="promo-title-container-dupe"> <p class="promo-category"> <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/california">California</a> </p> <p class="promo-title"> <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-08-04/californias-coronavirus-test-result-data-may-be-flawed-says-top-health-official">California’s coronavirus test result data may be flawed, top health official says</a> </p> </div> <div class="promo-media"> <a class="link" aria-label="California’s coronavirus test result data may be flawed, top health official says" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-08-04/californias-coronavirus-test-result-data-may-be-flawed-says-top-health-official"> <img class="image" alt="A man wears a mask in Huntington Beach. (Allen J. Schaben / Los Angeles Times)" width="320" height="209" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/0896f5c/2147483647/strip/true/crop/4681x3057+0+0/resize/320x209!/quality/90/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fb2%2Fcc%2Fa45021884abb8927ecbcd1f1cff0%2Fla-photos-1staff-577958-la-me-huntington-no-masks-20-ajs.jpg" data-lazy-load="true" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw=="> </a> </div> <div class="promo-content"> <div class="promo-title-container"> <p class="promo-category"> <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/california">California</a> </p> <p class="promo-title"> <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-08-04/californias-coronavirus-test-result-data-may-be-flawed-says-top-health-official">California’s coronavirus test result data may be flawed, top health official says</a> </p> </div> <p class="promo-description">Newsom may have relied on faulty numbers when announcing a steep decline in infection rates. </p> <p class="promo-timestamp" data-date="Aug. 4, 2020" data-shouldshowdate="true" data-shouldshowtime="true" data-timestamp="1596588063368"></p> <div class="promo-items"> <p class="promo-items-title">More Coverage</p> <div class="promo-items-item"><a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/projects/california-coronavirus-cases-tracking-outbreak/" target="_blank">Tracking the coronavirus in California</a></div> <div class="promo-items-item"><a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/espanol/" target="_blank">Noticias en español</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </ps-promo> </li> <li data-click="liL4promoXSmall" data-hide-img data-hide-description data-hide-timestamp data-hide-more-coverage> <ps-promo class="promo promo-x-small" data-content-type="article"> <div class="promo-wrapper"> <div class="promo-title-container-dupe"> <p class="promo-category"> <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/business">Business</a> </p> <p class="promo-title"> <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/business/story/2020-08-05/hollywood-highland-makeover-includes-offices">Hollywood & Highland is getting a big makeover that includes turning stores into offices</a> </p> </div> <div class="promo-media"> <a class="link" aria-label="Hollywood & Highland is getting a big makeover that includes turning stores into offices" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/business/story/2020-08-05/hollywood-highland-makeover-includes-offices"> <img class="image" alt="Rendering of the Hollywood & Highland shopping and entertainment center after a $100 million makeover by owners DJM and Gaw Capital USA. The complex in Hollywood will be renamed Ovation. (DJM/Gaw Capital)" width="320" height="209" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/f8112af/2147483647/strip/true/crop/4800x3135+100+0/resize/320x209!/quality/90/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fe0%2F85%2Fbf58d63d4c808009a6c4b4645f39%2Ffi-ovation-hollywood-highland-1.jpg" data-lazy-load="true" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw=="> </a> </div> <div class="promo-content"> <div class="promo-title-container"> <p class="promo-category"> <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/business">Business</a> </p> <p class="promo-title"> <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/business/story/2020-08-05/hollywood-highland-makeover-includes-offices">Hollywood & Highland is getting a big makeover that includes turning stores into offices</a> </p> </div> <p class="promo-description">The $100-million overhaul of the Hollywood & Highland shopping and entertainment center will bring offices to the complex and a new name: Ovation.</p> <p class="promo-timestamp" data-date="Aug. 5, 2020" data-shouldshowdate="true" data-shouldshowtime="true" data-timestamp="1596632427280"></p> </div> </div> </ps-promo> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="google-dfp-ad-wrapper"> <div class="google-dfp-ad-caption">Advertisement</div> <div id="google-ad06c1ec1a-8ef9-40e6-8af5-c9a3ef5ea540" class="google-dfp-ad" data-slot-name="/21787098806/web.latimes/" data-slot-sizes="[[300, 250], [300, 600]]" data-ad-type="mrec" data-ptype="story" data-slot-adsizemap="[[[800, 0], [300, 250], [300, 600]], [[0, 0], [0, 0]]]"> <span class="google-dfp-ad-placeholder"></span> </div> </div> <div class="google-dfp-ad-wrapper"> <div class="google-dfp-ad-caption">Advertisement</div> <div id="google-adbeb04494-e674-4a2d-9833-37a4d4656efe" class="google-dfp-ad" data-slot-name="/21787098806/web.latimes/" data-slot-sizes="[[300, 250], [300, 600]]" data-ad-type="mrec" data-ptype="story" data-slot-adsizemap="[[[800, 0], [300, 250], [300, 600]], [[0, 0], [0, 0]]]"> <span class="google-dfp-ad-placeholder"></span> </div> </div> <div class="google-dfp-ad-wrapper"> <div class="google-dfp-ad-caption">Advertisement</div> <div id="google-ad960860e2-4ce4-4b77-a917-826ff2aa8dd6" class="google-dfp-ad" data-slot-name="/21787098806/web.latimes/" data-slot-sizes="[[300, 250], [300, 600]]" data-ad-type="mrec" data-ptype="story" data-slot-adsizemap="[[[800, 0], [300, 250], [300, 600]], [[0, 0], [0, 0]]]"> <span class="google-dfp-ad-placeholder"></span> </div> </div> <div class="google-dfp-ad-wrapper"> <div class="google-dfp-ad-caption">Advertisement</div> <div id="google-ad69d5439b-a992-40a3-9ab0-eca470709b86" class="google-dfp-ad" data-slot-name="/21787098806/web.latimes/" data-slot-sizes="[[300, 250], [300, 600]]" data-ad-type="mrec" data-ptype="story" data-slot-adsizemap="[[[800, 0], [300, 250], [300, 600]], [[0, 0], [0, 0]]]"> <span class="google-dfp-ad-placeholder"></span> </div> </div> <div class="google-dfp-ad-wrapper"> <div class="google-dfp-ad-caption">Advertisement</div> <div id="google-ad939381bb-cc48-4876-8459-e21f0c89ce99" class="google-dfp-ad" data-slot-name="/21787098806/web.latimes/" data-slot-sizes="[[300, 250], [300, 600]]" data-ad-type="mrec" data-ptype="story" data-slot-adsizemap="[[[800, 0], [300, 250], [300, 600]], [[0, 0], [0, 0]]]"> <span class="google-dfp-ad-placeholder"></span> </div> </div> </div> </aside> </div> </div> </div> <div class="page-below"><div class="google-dfp-ad-wrapper"> <div class="google-dfp-ad-caption">Advertisement</div> <div id="google-ada83df608-50f9-492b-a3b2-f2cad68b1767" class="google-dfp-ad" data-slot-name="/21787098806/web.latimes/" data-slot-sizes="[[970, 90], [728, 90]]" data-ad-type="leaderboard" data-ptype="story" data-slot-adsizemap="[[[1024, 0], [970, 90], [728, 90]], [[0, 0], [300, 250]]]"> <span class="google-dfp-ad-placeholder"></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <footer class="page-footer"> <div class="page-footer-content"> <div class="page-footer-logo"><a aria-label="home page" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/"> <img class="page-logo-image" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200im_/https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/0e/c6/b86a8b4b43a793259deb28a32a56/latlogoinverse.svg" alt="Los Angeles Times" width="959" height="120"/> </a> </div> <div class="page-footer-group"> <div class="group"> <div class="rich-text-module"> <div class="rich-text-body rich-text-items"><p><u><a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/footersubscribe" target="_blank">Subscribe for unlimited access</a></u></p></div> </div> <div class="page-footer-social"><div class="social-bar"> <p class="social-bar-heading">Follow Us</p> <ul class="social-bar-menu"> <li> <a class="social-link" rel="noreferrer" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://twitter.com/latimes" target="_blank" data-social-service="twitter"><svg class="icon social-icon"><use xlink:href="/web/20200806193200im_/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html#mono-icon-twitter"></use></svg><span class="visually-hidden">twitter</span></a> </li> <li> <a class="social-link" rel="noreferrer" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.instagram.com/latimes/" target="_blank" data-social-service="instagram"><svg class="icon social-icon"><use xlink:href="/web/20200806193200im_/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html#mono-icon-instagram"></use></svg><span class="visually-hidden">instagram</span></a> </li> <li> <a class="social-link" rel="noreferrer" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.youtube.com/losangelestimes" target="_blank" data-social-service="youtube"><svg class="icon social-icon"><use xlink:href="/web/20200806193200im_/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html#mono-icon-youtube"></use></svg><span class="visually-hidden">youtube</span></a> </li> <li> <a class="social-link" rel="noreferrer" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.facebook.com/latimes" target="_blank" data-social-service="facebook"><svg class="icon social-icon"><use xlink:href="/web/20200806193200im_/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-10-ca-54482-story.html#mono-icon-facebook"></use></svg><span class="visually-hidden">facebook</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="group"> <nav class="footer-navigation"> <ul class="footer-navigation-menu"> <li data-click="navf0"> <ul class="footer-navigation-submenu"> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://enewspaper.latimes.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">eNewspaper</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/coupon-codes" target="_blank">Coupons</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://jobs.latimes.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Find/Post Jobs</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://placeanad.latimes.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Place an Ad</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://mediakit.latimes.com/" target="_blank">Media Kit: Why the L. A. Times? </a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.bestcovery.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Bestcovery</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li data-click="navf1"> <ul class="footer-navigation-submenu"> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/games/daily-crossword">Crossword</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/games">Games</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/obituaries">Obituaries</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2019-07-16/los-angeles-times-podcasts" target="_blank">Podcasts</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/food/recipes">Recipes</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimeswine.com/club" target="_blank">Wine Club</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li data-click="navf2"> <ul class="footer-navigation-submenu"> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/about">About/Contact</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/about/for-the-record/">For the Record</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://nantmedia.wd5.myworkdayjobs.com/LATimesCareers" target="_blank">L.A. Times Careers</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://myaccount2.latimes.com/index.aspx" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Manage Subscription</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/about/la-reprint-request-splash-htmlstory.html">Reprints and Permissions</a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/sitemap" target="_blank">Site Map</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="page-footer-disclaimer">Copyright © 2020, Los Angeles Times | <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/terms-of-service">Terms of Service</a> | <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/privacy-policy">Privacy Policy</a> | <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://www.latimes.com/privacy-policy#california-notice-of-collection" target="_blank">CA Notice of Collection</a> | <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806193200/https://membership.latimes.com/privacy-settings" target="_blank">Do Not Sell My Info</a></div> </div> </footer> </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

A Cinematic Rarity: Showing of Leone's Uncut 'America' - Los Angeles Times