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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of 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href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raimondo_di_Sangro" title="Raimondo di Sangro – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Raimondo di Sangro" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raimondo_di_Sangro" title="Raimondo di Sangro – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Raimondo di Sangro" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raimondo_di_Sangro" title="Raimondo di Sangro – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Raimondo di Sangro" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raimondo_di_Sangro" title="Raimondo di Sangro – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Raimondo di Sangro" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88_%D8%AF%D9%89_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%88" title="ريموندو دى سانجرو – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ريموندو دى سانجرو" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raimondo_di_Sangro" title="Raimondo di Sangro – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Raimondo di Sangro" data-language-autonym="Português" 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Raimondo+di+Sangro%22">"Raimondo di Sangro"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Raimondo+di+Sangro%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Raimondo+di+Sangro%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Raimondo+di+Sangro%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Raimondo+di+Sangro%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Raimondo+di+Sangro%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2017</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Expand_language plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-notice skin-invert-image" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Translation_to_english_arrow.svg/50px-Translation_to_english_arrow.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Translation_to_english_arrow.svg/75px-Translation_to_english_arrow.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Translation_to_english_arrow.svg/100px-Translation_to_english_arrow.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="font-size:100%; padding: 0px;"><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="text-align:center; padding-right: 3em; font-weight: normal; text-align: left">You can help <b>expand this article with text translated from <a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raimondo_di_Sangro" class="extiw" title="it:Raimondo di Sangro">the corresponding article</a> in Italian</b>.  <i><small>(January 2017)</small></i> <small>Click [show] for important translation instructions.</small></div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/translate?&u=https%3A%2F%2Fit.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FRaimondo_di_Sangro&sl=it&tl=en&prev=_t&hl=en">View</a> a machine-translated version of the Italian article.</li> <li>Machine translation, like <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://deepl.com">DeepL</a> or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/">Google Translate</a>, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia.</li> <li>Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.</li> <li>You <b>must</b> provide <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Copying_within_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:Copying within Wikipedia">copyright attribution</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_summary" title="Help:Edit summary">edit summary</a> accompanying your translation by providing an <a href="/wiki/Help:Interlanguage_links" title="Help:Interlanguage links">interlanguage link</a> to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is <code>Content in this edit is translated from the existing Italian Wikipedia article at [[:it:Raimondo di Sangro]]; see its history for attribution.</code></li> <li>You may also add the template <code>{{Translated|it|Raimondo di Sangro}}</code> to the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Raimondo_di_Sangro" title="Talk:Raimondo di Sangro">talk page</a>.</li> <li>For more guidance, see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Translation" title="Wikipedia:Translation">Wikipedia:Translation</a>.</li></ul></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Raimondo di Sangro, Prince of Sansevero</b> (30 January 1710 – 22 March 1771) was an Italian nobleman, inventor, soldier, writer, scientist, alchemist and freemason best remembered for his reconstruction of the <a href="/wiki/Cappella_Sansevero" title="Cappella Sansevero">Sansevero Chapel</a> in Naples. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Francesco_de_Mura_-_Raimondo_di_Sangro.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Francesco_de_Mura_-_Raimondo_di_Sangro.png/220px-Francesco_de_Mura_-_Raimondo_di_Sangro.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="270" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Francesco_de_Mura_-_Raimondo_di_Sangro.png/330px-Francesco_de_Mura_-_Raimondo_di_Sangro.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Francesco_de_Mura_-_Raimondo_di_Sangro.png/440px-Francesco_de_Mura_-_Raimondo_di_Sangro.png 2x" data-file-width="952" data-file-height="1168" /></a><figcaption>Raimondo di Sangro, Prince of Sansevero</figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raimondo_di_Sangro&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The seventh Prince of <a href="/wiki/San_Severo" title="San Severo">San Severo</a> was born in <a href="/wiki/Torremaggiore" title="Torremaggiore">Torremaggiore</a> into a noble family. His father was Antonio, Duke of Torremaggiore, and his mother was Cecilia Gaetani of Aragon. His mother died shortly after his birth. He spent his earliest years in Naples and in 1720 he was sent to the Jesuit Clementino college in <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a> to be educated.<sup id="cite_ref-Legler2_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Legler2-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1726 he inherited the title of prince of Sansevero from his grandfather. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raimondo_di_Sangro&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1730, at the age of 20, he returned to Naples. He became a friend of <a href="/wiki/Charles_III_of_Spain" title="Charles III of Spain">Charles Bourbon</a>, who became king of Naples in 1734, for whom he invented a waterproof cape <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>. </p><p>In 1744 he distinguished himself at the head of a regiment during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Velletri_(1744)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Velletri (1744)">Battle of Velletri</a>, in the war between the <a href="/wiki/Habsburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Habsburg">Habsburgs</a> and the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Bourbon" title="House of Bourbon">Bourbons</a>. While in command of the military he built a cannon out of lightweight materials which had a longer range than the standard ones of the time, and wrote a military treatise on the employment of infantry (<i>Manuale di esercizi militari per la fanteria</i>) for which he was praised by <a href="/wiki/Frederick_II_of_Prussia" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick II of Prussia">Frederick II of Prussia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Legler2_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Legler2-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His real interests, however, were the studies of <a href="/wiki/Alchemy" title="Alchemy">alchemy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mechanics" title="Mechanics">mechanics</a> and the sciences in general. Among his inventions were: </p> <ul><li>An hydraulic device that could pump water to any height</li> <li>An "eternal flame", using chemical compounds of his own invention<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>A carriage with wood and cork "horses" which, driven by a cunning system of paddlewheels, could travel on both land and water<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Coloured fireworks</li> <li>A printing press which could print different colours in a single impression.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publishing">Publishing</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raimondo_di_Sangro&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Publishing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Prince spoke several European languages, as well as <a href="/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic">Arabic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hebrew" class="mw-redirect" title="Hebrew">Hebrew</a>. After returning to Naples he set up a printing press in the basement of his house where he printed both his own works and those of others, some of which he translated himself. As some of these were censored by the ecclesiastical authorities he also wrote anonymously. Some of his publications were clearly influenced by <a href="/wiki/Freemasonry" title="Freemasonry">Freemasonry</a>, and he communicated with fellow masons such as the Scot <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Michael_Ramsay" title="Andrew Michael Ramsay">Andrew Michael Ramsay</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> whose <i>Voyages of Cyrus</i> he translated and published, and the English poet <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Pope" title="Alexander Pope">Alexander Pope</a>, whose <i>Rape of the Lock</i> he translated and published (although, due to condemnations by the <a href="/wiki/Jesuits" title="Jesuits">Jesuits</a>, he had to deny these activities). He was head of the Neapolitan masonic lodge until he was excommunicated by the Church, making an enemy of the Neapolitan cardinal <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Spinelli" title="Giuseppe Spinelli">Giuseppe Spinelli</a>. The excommunication was later revoked by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XIV" title="Pope Benedict XIV">Pope Benedict XIV</a>, probably on account of the influence of the di Sangro family.<sup id="cite_ref-Legler2_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Legler2-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Whilst in Naples, he forged a friendship with <a href="/wiki/Fortunato_Felice" class="mw-redirect" title="Fortunato Felice">Fortunato-Bartolommeo de Félice</a>, <a href="/wiki/Count_Panzutti" title="Count Panzutti">2nd Count di Panzutti</a>, who had been appointed chair of experimental physics and mathematics at <a href="/wiki/Naples_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Naples University">Naples University</a> by <a href="/wiki/Galiani" class="mw-redirect" title="Galiani">Celestino Galiani</a> and later set up the famous publishing press at <a href="/wiki/Yverdon" class="mw-redirect" title="Yverdon">Yverdon</a> in 1762. Together the Prince and the Count translated the physicist <a href="/wiki/John_Arbuthnot" title="John Arbuthnot">John Arbuthnot</a>'s works from Latin. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rumours">Rumours</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raimondo_di_Sangro&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Rumours"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Many legends grew up around his alchemical activities: that he could create blood out of nothing, that he could replicate the liquefaction of blood of <a href="/wiki/San_Gennaro" class="mw-redirect" title="San Gennaro">San Gennaro</a>, that he had people killed so that he could use their bones and skin for experiments. The Sansevero Chapel was said to have been constructed on an old temple of <a href="/wiki/Isis" title="Isis">Isis</a>, and di Sangro was said to have been a <a href="/wiki/Rosicrucian" class="mw-redirect" title="Rosicrucian">Rosicrucian</a>. To justify this, locals pointed to a massive <a href="/wiki/Nile_God_Statue,_Naples" title="Nile God Statue, Naples">Statue of the God of the Nile</a>, located just around the corner from his home. </p><p>To add to the sense of dread, di Sangro's family home in Naples, the <a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Sansevero" class="mw-redirect" title="Palazzo Sansevero">Palazzo Sansevero</a>, was the scene of a brutal murder at the end of the 16th century, when the composer <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Gesualdo" title="Carlo Gesualdo">Carlo Gesualdo</a> caught his wife and her lover <i><a href="/wiki/In_flagrante_delicto" title="In flagrante delicto">in flagrante delicto</a></i>, and hacked them to death in their bed.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_life">Later life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raimondo_di_Sangro&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Later life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The last years of his life were dedicated to decorating the Sansevero Chapel with marble works from the greatest artists of the time, including <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Corradini" title="Antonio Corradini">Antonio Corradini</a>, <a href="/wiki/Francesco_Queirolo" title="Francesco Queirolo">Francesco Queirolo</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Sanmartino" title="Giuseppe Sanmartino">Giuseppe Sanmartino</a> (whose <i><a href="/wiki/Veiled_Christ" title="Veiled Christ">Veiled Christ</a>'</i>s detailed marble veil was thought by many to be created by di Sangro's alchemy) and preparing anatomical models. Two of the models, known as <a href="/wiki/Anatomical_machines" class="mw-redirect" title="Anatomical machines">anatomical machines</a>, are still on display in the chapel, and have given rise to legends as to how they were constructed (even today the exact method is not known). Until recently many Neapolitans believed that the models were of his servant and a pregnant woman, into whose veins an artificial substance was injected under pressure, but the latest research has shown that the models are artificial.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He destroyed his own scientific archive before he died. After his death, his descendants, under threat of <a href="/wiki/Excommunication" title="Excommunication">excommunication</a> by the Church due to di Sangro's involvement with <a href="/wiki/Freemasonry" title="Freemasonry">Freemasonry</a> and alchemy, destroyed what was left of his writings, formulae, laboratory equipment and results of experiments. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death">Death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raimondo_di_Sangro&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Raimondo di Sangro died in Naples in 1771, his death being hastened by the continuous use of dangerous chemicals in his experiments and inventions. In 1794, the Swedish naturalist <a href="/wiki/Carl_Peter_Thunberg" title="Carl Peter Thunberg">Carl Peter Thunberg</a> named the plant genus <i><a href="/wiki/Sansevieria" title="Sansevieria">Sansevieria</a></i> after him. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raimondo_di_Sangro&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Legler2-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Legler2_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Legler2_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Legler2_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFLegler1990" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Legler, Rolf (1990). <i>Der Golf von Neapel</i> (in German). Cologne: DuMont Buchverlag. p. 135. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-7701-2254-2" title="Special:BookSources/3-7701-2254-2"><bdi>3-7701-2254-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Der+Golf+von+Neapel&rft.place=Cologne&rft.pages=135&rft.pub=DuMont+Buchverlag&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=3-7701-2254-2&rft.aulast=Legler&rft.aufirst=Rolf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaimondo+di+Sangro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Raimondo di Sangro (translated from the French by Elita Serrao), <i>Il lume eterno</i> (from <i>Dissertation sur un Lampe antique trouvé à Munich en l'année 1753. Ecrite par M.r le Prince de St. Severe pour servir de fluite a la prémière partie de ses Lettres à M.r l'Abbé Nollet à Paris</i>), Bastogi 1993 (in Italian).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">La Gazzetta di Napoli, 24 July 1770</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.museosansevero.it/en/raimondo-di-sangro/experiments-and-inventions">"Raimondo di Sangro - Experiments and Inventions"</a>. Sansevero Chapel Museum<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Raimondo+di+Sangro+-+Experiments+and+Inventions&rft.pub=Sansevero+Chapel+Museum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.museosansevero.it%2Fen%2Fraimondo-di-sangro%2Fexperiments-and-inventions&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaimondo+di+Sangro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaudy1964" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Daudy, Philippe (1964). <i>Neapel</i> (in German). Lausanne: Editions Rencontre. p. 89.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Neapel&rft.place=Lausanne&rft.pages=89&rft.pub=Editions+Rencontre&rft.date=1964&rft.aulast=Daudy&rft.aufirst=Philippe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaimondo+di+Sangro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">G.D. Henderson: "Chevalier Ramsay" Thomas Nelson and Sons London,1952</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Il Mattino newspaper, Naples, Italy, 28 December 2008</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRenata_PetersLucia_Dacome2007" class="citation web cs1">Renata Peters; Lucia Dacome (23 August 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/266147352">"The anatomical machines of the Prince of Sansevero"</a>. University College London (UCL)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 February</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+anatomical+machines+of+the+Prince+of+Sansevero&rft.pub=University+College+London+%28UCL%29&rft.date=2007-08-23&rft.au=Renata+Peters&rft.au=Lucia+Dacome&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F266147352&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaimondo+di+Sangro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raimondo_di_Sangro&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFImbruglia2017" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Imbruglia, Girolamo (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/raimondo-di-sangro_(Dizionario-Biografico)">"SANGRO, Raimondo di"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Dizionario_Biografico_degli_Italiani" title="Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani">Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani</a>, Volume 90: Salvestrini–Saviozzo da Siena</i> (in Italian). Rome: <a href="/wiki/Treccani" title="Treccani">Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8-81200032-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-8-81200032-6"><bdi>978-8-81200032-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=SANGRO%2C+Raimondo+di&rft.btitle=Dizionario+Biografico+degli+Italiani%2C+Volume+90%3A+Salvestrini%E2%80%93Saviozzo+da+Siena&rft.place=Rome&rft.pub=Istituto+dell%27Enciclopedia+Italiana&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-8-81200032-6&rft.aulast=Imbruglia&rft.aufirst=Girolamo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.treccani.it%2Fenciclopedia%2Fraimondo-di-sangro_%28Dizionario-Biografico%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaimondo+di+Sangro" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFde_Ceglia2020" class="citation journal cs1">de Ceglia, Francesco Paolo (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/44175505">"The fantastic anatomy of Raimondo de Sangro, prince of Sansevero"</a>. <i>La Medicina Nei Secoli</i>. <b>32</b> (2): 657–678.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=La+Medicina+Nei+Secoli&rft.atitle=The+fantastic+anatomy+of+Raimondo+de+Sangro%2C+prince+of+Sansevero&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=657-678&rft.date=2020&rft.aulast=de+Ceglia&rft.aufirst=Francesco+Paolo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F44175505&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaimondo+di+Sangro" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/sangro-raimondo-di-principe-di-sansevero/">Sangro, Raimondo di, principe di Sansevero</a> entry <span class="languageicon">(in Italian)</span> by Alessandro Cutolo in the <i><a href="/wiki/Treccani" title="Treccani">Enciclopedia Treccani</a></i>, 1936</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.museosansevero.it/">"Sansevero Chapel Website"</a> (in Italian).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sansevero+Chapel+Website&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.museosansevero.it%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaimondo+di+Sangro" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081019114513/http://www.napolitudine.com/Video/documentari/CappellaSansevero.htm">Video of the Sansevero Chapel</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Italian)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cittadelmonte.info/2008/10/12/raimondo-di-sangro-vii-principe-di-sansevero/">Raimondo di Sangro VII Prince of Sansevero</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Italian)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nobili-napoletani.it/Sangro.htm">Neapolitan Aristocracy - The Family of di Sangro</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Italian)</span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q119049#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q119049#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q119049#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000108002340">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/51954948">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/120002/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJB8rGKP86BYxfhrq86xjC">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/119195984">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n83200623">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14811643g">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14811643g">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Sangro, Raimondo : di"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/CFIV070589">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p239914686">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bncatalogo.cl/F?func=direct&local_base=red10&doc_number=000392796">Chile</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9812170406505606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/49161">Vatican</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500129570">ULAN</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="SANGRO, Raimondo di"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/raimondo-di-sangro_(Dizionario-Biografico)">Italian People</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd119195984.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/119195984">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/105575895">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6jq3k97">SNAC</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rism.online/people/50039460">RISM</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Raimondo_di_Sangro&oldid=1241077999">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Raimondo_di_Sangro&oldid=1241077999</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1710_births" title="Category:1710 births">1710 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1771_deaths" title="Category:1771 deaths">1771 deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_excommunicated_by_the_Catholic_Church" 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