‘Crunch time for real’: UN says time for climate delays has run out | Climate crisis

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class="dcr-6v110l">Search input </div></label><input type="text" id="gu-search" aria-required="true" aria-invalid="false" aria-describedby required name="q" placeholder="Search the Guardian" data-link-name="header : search" tabIndex="-1" class="selectableMenuItem dcr-qcy5wo"/><label for="gu-search" class="dcr-0"><div class="dcr-6v110l">google-search </div><div class="dcr-radnun"><svg width="30" viewBox="-3 -3 30 30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M9.273 2c4.023 0 7.25 3.295 7.25 7.273a7.226 7.226 0 0 1-7.25 7.25C5.25 16.523 2 13.296 2 9.273 2 5.295 5.25 2 9.273 2m0 1.84A5.403 5.403 0 0 0 3.84 9.274c0 3 2.409 5.454 5.432 5.454 3 0 5.454-2.454 5.454-5.454 0-3.023-2.454-5.432-5.454-5.432m7.295 10.887L22 20.16 20.16 22l-5.433-5.432v-.932l.91-.909z"></path></svg><span class="dcr-1p0hins">Search</span></div></label><button type="submit" aria-live="polite" aria-label="Search with Google" data-link-name="header : search : 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srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/794dc7a4bb36de71a376289b139f607e6e8b4311/123_0_3617_2172/master/3617.jpg?width=465&dpr=2&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 320px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 320px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/794dc7a4bb36de71a376289b139f607e6e8b4311/123_0_3617_2172/master/3617.jpg?width=465&dpr=1&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 320px)"/><img alt="People walk along the dry bed of the Solimoes river in the Manacapuru region, Amazonas, Brazil" src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/794dc7a4bb36de71a376289b139f607e6e8b4311/123_0_3617_2172/master/3617.jpg?width=465&dpr=1&s=none&crop=none" width="465" height="279.231407243572" loading="eager" class="dcr-evn1e9"/></picture><span class="dcr-v822l1"><div class="dcr-gup2gr"><div class="dcr-zy1nbx"><label for="the-checkbox" class="dcr-1xgwz8b"><svg width="6" height="14" fill="white" viewBox="0 0 6 14"><path d="M4.6 12l-.4 1.4c-.7.2-1.9.6-3 .6-.7 0-1.2-.2-1.2-.9 0-.2 0-.3.1-.5l2-6.7H.7l.4-1.5 4.2-.6h.2L3 12h1.6zm-.3-9.2c-.9 0-1.4-.5-1.4-1.3C2.9.5 3.7 0 4.6 0 5.4 0 6 .5 6 1.3c0 1-.8 1.5-1.7 1.5z"></path></svg></label><input type="checkbox" id="the-checkbox"/> <div id="the-caption"><figcaption data-spacefinder-role="inline" class="dcr-1ie0kc7"><span class="dcr-1inf02i"><svg width="18" height="13" viewBox="0 0 18 13"><path d="M18 3.5v8l-1.5 1.5h-15l-1.5-1.5v-8l1.5-1.5h3.5l2-2h4l2 2h3.5l1.5 1.5zm-9 7.5c1.9 0 3.5-1.6 3.5-3.5s-1.6-3.5-3.5-3.5-3.5 1.6-3.5 3.5 1.6 3.5 3.5 3.5z"></path></svg></span><span class="dcr-1qvd3m6">People walk along the dry bed of the Solimões Tiver in the Manacapuru region of Amazonas in Brazil. The water level continues to drop every day owing to a drought affecting the region.</span> Photograph: Raphael Alves/EPA</figcaption></div></div></div></span><a href="#img-1" data-ignore="global-link-styling" aria-hidden="true" tabIndex="-1" class="open-lightbox dcr-13fd1ms"><button data-element-id="0c35a425-e617-4695-8e20-a4f7779e6c47" type="button" aria-haspopup="dialog" class="open-lightbox dcr-4tmywn"><svg viewBox="-3 -3 30 30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M23 8.75V1.5l-.5-.5h-7.25v1.25l4.5.6L14 8.575 15.4 10l5.75-5.725.6 4.475zm-22 6.5v7.25l.475.5h7.25v-1.25l-4.475-.6 5.725-5.775L8.6 14l-5.775 5.725-.575-4.475z"></path></svg><span class="dcr-194i6pr">View image in fullscreen</span></button></a></div><span class="dcr-n4pnam"><figcaption data-spacefinder-role="inline" class="dcr-1fujct4"><span class="dcr-1inf02i"><svg width="18" height="13" viewBox="0 0 18 13"><path d="M18 3.5v8l-1.5 1.5h-15l-1.5-1.5v-8l1.5-1.5h3.5l2-2h4l2 2h3.5l1.5 1.5zm-9 7.5c1.9 0 3.5-1.6 3.5-3.5s-1.6-3.5-3.5-3.5-3.5 1.6-3.5 3.5 1.6 3.5 3.5 3.5z"></path></svg></span><span class="dcr-1qvd3m6">People walk along the dry bed of the Solimões Tiver in the Manacapuru region of Amazonas in Brazil. The water level continues to drop every day owing to a drought affecting the region.</span> Photograph: Raphael Alves/EPA</figcaption></span></figure></div></div></div><aside style="--grid-area:title;" data-gu-name="title" class="dcr-1fnjjtg"><div class="dcr-10355cg"><div class="dcr-0"><span class="dcr-1v9xu6e"></span><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/climate-crisis" data-component="section" data-link-name="article section" class="content__label__link dcr-qmfkju"><span>Climate crisis</span></a></div></div></aside><div style="--grid-area:border;" data-gu-name="border" class="dcr-1fnjjtg"><div class="dcr-upmzd8"></div></div><div style="--grid-area:headline;" data-gu-name="headline" class="dcr-1fnjjtg"><div class="dcr-14emo0l"><div class="dcr-cohhs3"><div class="dcr-notra3"><div aria-hidden="true" class="dcr-13832xi"><svg width="11" height="11" viewBox="0 0 11 11" fill="currentColor"><path d="M5.4 0C2.4 0 0 2.4 0 5.4s2.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4-2.4 5.4-5.4S8.4 0 5.4 0zm3 6.8H4.7V1.7h.7L6 5.4l2.4.6v.8z"></path></svg> This article is more than <strong>1 month old</strong></div></div><h1 class="dcr-u0152o">‘Crunch time for real’: UN says time for climate delays has run out</h1><div class="dcr-1nvgr5i">This article is more than 1 month old</div></div></div></div><div style="--grid-area:standfirst;" data-gu-name="standfirst" class="dcr-1fnjjtg"><div class=" dcr-4gwv1z"><p>Means to stop catastrophic global heating exist, says UN chief, but political courage is needed to end world’s fossil fuel addiction</p></div></div><aside style="--grid-area:meta;" data-gu-name="meta" class="dcr-1fnjjtg"><div class="dcr-14emo0l"><div class="dcr-ich95x"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="100%" height="13" viewBox="0 0 1300 13" preserveAspectRatio="none" stroke="var(--article-border)" stroke-width="1" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" class="dcr-194w08h"><line x1="0" x2="1300" y1="0.5" y2="0.5"></line><line x1="0" x2="1300" y1="4.5" y2="4.5"></line><line x1="0" x2="1300" y1="8.5" y2="8.5"></line><line x1="0" x2="1300" y1="12.5" y2="12.5"></line></svg></div></div><div class="dcr-14emo0l"><div class=" dcr-1v9sla6"><div class="dcr-5oiine"><div class="dcr-1kpcv08"><div><address aria-label="Contributor info" data-component="meta-byline" data-link-name="byline"><div class=" dcr-1cfpnlw"><a rel="author" data-link-name="auto tag link" href="https://www.theguardian.com/profile/damiancarrington">Damian Carrington</a><span> Environment editor</span></div></address><details style="--mobile-color:inherit;" class="dcr-1pexjb9"><summary class="dcr-1ybxn6r"><span class="dcr-u0h1qy">Thu 24 Oct 2024 15.00 BST</span></summary>Last modified on Thu 24 Oct 2024 17.12 BST</details></div></div><div data-print-layout="hide" class="dcr-9dgpdq"><div class=" dcr-16lnb0w"><gu-island name="ShareButton" priority="feature" deferUntil="visible" 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class="dcr-1bwys2b"><div class="article-body-commercial-selector article-body-viewer-selector dcr-1q6n3e0"><p class="dcr-1eu361v">The huge cuts in carbon emissions now needed to end the climate crisis mean it is “crunch time for real”, according to the UN’s environment chief.</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">An unprecedented global mobilisation of renewable energy, forest protection and other measures is needed to steer the world off the current path towards a catastrophic temperature rise of 3.1C, a report from the UN environment programme (Unep) has found. Extreme heatwaves, storms, droughts and floods are already ravaging communities with less than 1.5C of global heating to date.</p><div id="sign-in-gate"><gu-island name="SignInGateSelector" priority="feature" deferUntil="visible" props="{"contentType":"Article","sectionId":"environment","tags":[{"id":"environment/climate-crisis","type":"Keyword","title":"Climate crisis"},{"id":"environment/environment","type":"Keyword","title":"Environment"},{"id":"campaign/email/green-light","type":"Campaign","title":"Down to Earth (newsletter sign up)"},{"id":"environment/cop29","type":"Keyword","title":"Cop29"},{"id":"world/unitednations","type":"Keyword","title":"United Nations"},{"id":"world/world","type":"Keyword","title":"World news"},{"id":"environment/fossil-fuels","type":"Keyword","title":"Fossil fuels"},{"id":"environment/energy","type":"Keyword","title":"Energy"},{"id":"environment/renewableenergy","type":"Keyword","title":"Renewable 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class="dcr-1eu361v">Current carbon-cutting promises by countries for 2030 are not being met, according to the report, and even if they were met, the temperature rise would only be limited to a still-disastrous 2.6C to 2.8C. There is no more time for “hot air”, the report said, urging nations to act at the <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/cop29" data-link-name="in body link">Cop29 summit</a> in November.</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">Keeping the international goal of 1.5C within reach was technically possible, said the report, but it required emissions to fall by 7.5% annually until 2035. That means halting emissions equivalent to those of the EU every year for a decade. Delaying emissions cuts only means steeper reductions would be needed in future.</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">Unep said countries must collectively commit to cut 42% off annual greenhouse gas emissions by 2030 and 57% by 2035 in their next UN pledges, called nationally determined contributions and due in February. Without these pledges, and rapid action to back them up, the 1.5C goal would be gone, the UN said.</p><gu-island name="InteractiveBlockComponent" priority="critical" deferUntil="idle" props="{"url":"https://interactive.guim.co.uk/uploader/embed/2024/10/emissions-scenarios/giv-4559QIPrD0jXVxs4/","scriptUrl":"https://interactive.guim.co.uk/embed/iframe-wrapper/0.1/boot.js","alt":"Chart","format":{"design":0,"display":0,"theme":0},"elementId":"93c4ef31-9f2b-4ef5-b741-28a17ec2dcfa","isMainMedia":false}"><figure id="93c4ef31-9f2b-4ef5-b741-28a17ec2dcfa" data-alt="Chart" data-testid="interactive-element-Chart" data-spacefinder-role="inline" class="element element-interactive element--inline element-inline dcr-w422y2"><div data-name="placeholder" class="dcr-ri3hap"><div class="dcr-1h7eqaz"></div></div><a data-name="placeholder" href="https://interactive.guim.co.uk/uploader/embed/2024/10/emissions-scenarios/giv-4559QIPrD0jXVxs4/" class="dcr-1eupayo">Chart</a></figure></gu-island><p class="dcr-1eu361v">However, the head of Unep, Inger Andersen, said it was misguided to fixate only on whether the 1.5C target was kept or not, because every fraction of a degree of global heating avoided would save lives, damage and costs: “Don’t over-focus on a magic number. Keeping temperature as low as possible is where we need to be.”</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">The finance and <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/apr/20/down-to-earth-ipcc-emissions" data-link-name="in body link">technology to slash emissions exists</a>, Andersen said, but “political courage” was needed, particularly from the G20 nations (excluding the African Union) that cause 77% of global emissions.</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">Andersen said the world’s nations made strong climate promises at the Paris summit in 2015. “Now is the time to live up to that – it’s climate crunch time for real. We need global mobilisation on a scale and pace never seen before, starting right now, or the 1.5C goal will soon be dead and the ‘well below 2C’ target will take its place in the intensive care unit.”</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">Unep’s last two annual reports highlighted “<a href="https://www.unep.org/resources/emissions-gap-report-2022" data-link-name="in body link">the closing window</a>” for action and the “<a href="https://www.unep.org/resources/emissions-gap-report-2023" data-link-name="in body link">broken record</a>” of failed promises. “Now we’re saying, this is it,” she said.</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">“The irritating thing is technology is there for the grasping, as are the job and economic development opportunities,” Andersen said. “It just takes political courage and some strong leadership.”</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">The UN secretary general, António Guterres, said: <strong>“</strong>We’re playing with fire; but there can be no more playing for time. We’re out of time.” He said global heating was supercharging monster hurricanes, bringing biblical floods, turning forests into tinder boxes and cities into saunas.</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">“Governments must wean us off our fossil fuel addiction: showing how they will phase them out – fast and fairly,” he said, adding that levies on fossil fuels could help pay for climate action.</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">The <a href="https://www.unep.org/emissions-gap-report-2024" data-link-name="in body link">Unep report</a> found that faster rollout of solar and wind energy could provide 27% of the emissions cuts needed. “That’s massive and this is a cheap, proven technology – it’s not a gamble to invest in,” Andersen said.</p><figure data-spacefinder-role="inline" data-spacefinder-type="model.dotcomrendering.pageElements.NewsletterSignupBlockElement" class=" dcr-173mewl"><a data-ignore="global-link-styling" href="#EmailSignup-skip-link-14" class="dcr-jzxpee">skip past newsletter promotion</a><aside aria-label="newsletter promotion" class="dcr-av5vqf"><div class="dcr-10et71f"><p class="dcr-rsfwa">Sign up to <span>Down to Earth</span></p><div class="dcr-9ypm66"><div class="dcr-ibdtyj"><div class="dcr-1hwoqtr"><svg viewBox="-3 -3 30 30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M18.364 2H5.636v5.68H3.43L2 9.29l9.048 7.504h1.904L22 9.289 20.571 7.68h-2.207zm-1.819 5.68v-.946h-9.09v.946zm0-3.787h-9.09v.947h9.09zM2 20.58v-8.994l9.048 6.627h1.904L22 11.586v8.994L20.571 22H3.43zM7.455 9.574h9.09v.947h-9.09z"></path></svg></div><span class="dcr-tx2qx">Free weekly newsletter</span></div></div></div><p class="dcr-1xjndtj">The planet's most important stories. Get all the week's environment news - the good, the bad and the essential</p><gu-island name="SecureSignup" priority="feature" deferUntil="visible" props="{"newsletterId":"green-light","successDescription":"The planet's most important stories. Get all the week's environment news - the good, the bad and the essential"}"><form id="secure-signup-green-light" class="dcr-kfi215"><label for="P0-2" class="dcr-0"><div class="dcr-1qn103b">Enter your email address </div></label><input type="email" id="P0-2" aria-required="true" aria-invalid="false" aria-describedby required name="email" class="dcr-dpem99"/><button type="submit" aria-live="polite" class="dcr-zll6x8">Sign up</button></form></gu-island><span class="dcr-1eusqlu"><strong>Privacy Notice: </strong>Newsletters may contain info about charities, online ads, and content funded by outside parties. For more information see our <a data-ignore="global-link-styling" href="https://www.theguardian.com/help/privacy-policy" rel="noreferrer" class="dcr-1rjy2q9">Privacy Policy</a>. We use Google reCaptcha to protect our website and the Google <a data-ignore="global-link-styling" href="https://policies.google.com/privacy" rel="noreferrer" class="dcr-1rjy2q9">Privacy Policy</a> and <a data-ignore="global-link-styling" href="https://policies.google.com/terms" rel="noreferrer" class="dcr-1rjy2q9">Terms of Service</a> apply.</span></aside><p id="EmailSignup-skip-link-14" tabIndex="0" aria-label="after newsletter promotion" role="note" class="dcr-jzxpee">after newsletter promotion</p></figure><p class="dcr-1eu361v">Stopping the destruction of forests could bring another 20% cut, the report said. Much of the rest could come from energy efficiency and the electrification of buildings, transport and industry, as well as cutting methane emissions from fossil fuel facilities, which Andersen described as “not hard”.</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">The estimated investment needed to cut emissions to net zero is $1-2tn a year, according to the report, about 1% of the value of the global economy and financial markets. “We’re talking a couple of percentage points that would be incremental in terms of renewal of ageing infrastructure” in developed countries, said Andersen. But developing countries would need finance from rich nations, a topic at the top of the <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/cop29" data-link-name="in body link" data-component="auto-linked-tag">Cop29</a> agenda.</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">The global geopolitical situation was difficult, acknowledged Andersen, with conflicts in the Middle East and Ukraine, and tensions between western nations and Russia and China. But she said: “If there is a space where the world has been able to meet, it is really the environment space.”</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">She cited a recent G20 meeting of environment and climate ministers. “These are not the best friends, all of them, and yet they managed to have a [good] communique.” She said there had been significant green policy shifts in the US, China, Germany, India and Brazil, but a a much greater effort was required.</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">“The sooner we strike out hard for a low-carbon, sustainable and prosperous future, the sooner we will get there – which will save lives, save money and protect the planetary systems upon which we all depend,” she said.</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">“World leaders continue to drag their feet, protecting the interests of the fossil fuel industry, while people are suffering right now. At Cop29, leaders must respond and act on their fair share of responsibility – especially wealthier nations who have fuelled this crisis for decades,” said Harjeet Singh, at the Fossil Fuel Non-Proliferation Treaty Initiative.</p></div></div><gu-island name="SlotBodyEnd" priority="feature" deferUntil="visible" props="{"contentType":"Article","contributionsServiceUrl":"https://contributions.guardianapis.com","idApiUrl":"https://idapi.theguardian.com","isMinuteArticle":false,"isPaidContent":false,"pageId":"environment/2024/oct/24/crunch-time-for-real-un-says-time-for-climate-delays-has-run-out","sectionId":"environment","shouldHideReaderRevenue":false,"stage":"PROD","tags":[{"id":"environment/climate-crisis","type":"Keyword","title":"Climate crisis"},{"id":"environment/environment","type":"Keyword","title":"Environment"},{"id":"campaign/email/green-light","type":"Campaign","title":"Down to Earth (newsletter sign 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‘Crunch time for real’: UN says time for climate delays has run out | Climate crisis | The Guardian