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</nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Jefferson Lecture</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Honorary lecture series</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Award</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary">Jefferson Lecture</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width: 33%;">Awarded for</th><td class="infobox-data">Distinguished intellectual achievement in <a href="/wiki/Humanities" title="Humanities">humanities</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width: 33%;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data location"><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width: 33%;">Country</th><td class="infobox-data location"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width: 33%;">Presented by</th><td class="infobox-data attendee"><a href="/wiki/National_Endowment_for_the_Humanities" title="National Endowment for the Humanities">National Endowment for the Humanities</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width: 33%;">First awarded</th><td class="infobox-data">1972</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width: 33%;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://neh.gov/about/awards/jefferson-lecture">neh.gov/about/awards/jefferson-lecture</a></td></tr></tbody></table> The Jefferson Lecture in the Humanities is an honorary <a href="/wiki/Lecture_series" class="mw-redirect" title="Lecture series">lecture series</a> established in 1972 by the <a href="/wiki/National_Endowment_for_the_Humanities" title="National Endowment for the Humanities">National Endowment for the Humanities</a> (NEH). According to the NEH, the Lecture is "the highest honor the <a href="/wiki/Federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Federal government of the United States">federal government</a> confers for distinguished intellectual achievement in the <a href="/wiki/Humanities" title="Humanities">humanities</a>."<a href="#cite_note-jefflect-1">[1]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History_of_the_Jefferson_Lecture">History of the Jefferson Lecture</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jefferson_Lecture&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History of the Jefferson Lecture">edit</a>]</div> The Jefferson Lecturer is selected each year by the National Council on the Humanities, the 26-member citizen advisory board of the NEH. The honoree delivers a lecture in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, generally in conjunction with the spring meeting of the council, and receives an honorarium of $10,000. The stated purpose of the honor is to recognize "an individual who has made significant scholarly contributions in the humanities and who has the ability to communicate the knowledge and wisdom of the humanities in a broadly appealing way."<a href="#cite_note-jefflect-1">[1]</a> The first Jefferson Lecturer, in 1972, was <a href="/wiki/Lionel_Trilling" title="Lionel Trilling">Lionel Trilling</a>. He spoke on "Mind in the Modern World." Among other things, Trilling suggested that <a href="/wiki/Humanism" title="Humanism">humanism</a> had become the basis for social improvement, rather than science and the <a href="/wiki/Scientific_method" title="Scientific method">scientific method</a> as has been predicted by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Thomas Jefferson</a>, the Lectures' namesake.<a href="#cite_note-Krebs-2">[2]</a> Ten years later, <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Holton" title="Gerald Holton">Gerald Holton</a>, the first scientist invited to deliver the lecture, drew attention for responding to Trilling, proposing that Jefferson's vision of science as a force for social improvement was still viable, opining that there had been a "relocation of the center of gravity" of scientific inquiry toward solving society's important problems,<a href="#cite_note-Krebs-2">[2]</a> and cautioning that science education had to be improved dramatically or only a small "technological elite" would be equipped to take part in self-government.<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> The selection of the 2000 Jefferson Lecturer led to a spate of controversy. The initial selection was President <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a>. <a href="/wiki/William_R._Ferris" title="William R. Ferris">William R. Ferris</a>, chairman of the NEH, said that his intent was to establish a new tradition for every president to deliver a Jefferson Lecture during his or her presidency, and that this was consistent with the NEH's broader effort to increase public awareness of the humanities. However, some scholars and political opponents objected that the choice of Clinton represented an inappropriate and unprecedented politicization of the NEH. The heads of the <a href="/wiki/American_Council_of_Learned_Societies" title="American Council of Learned Societies">American Council of Learned Societies</a> and the National Humanities Alliance expressed concerns about introducing political considerations into the selection, while <a href="/wiki/William_J._Bennett" class="mw-redirect" title="William J. Bennett">William J. Bennett</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Conservatism in the United States">conservative</a> <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> and former chairman of the NEH under President <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a>, charged that the proposal was an example of how Clinton had "corrupted all of those around him."<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> In the wake of the controversy, President Clinton declined the honor; a <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a> spokesperson said the President "didn't want the work of the National Endowment for the Humanities to be called into question."<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> Ultimately the 2000 honor went to historian <a href="/wiki/James_M._McPherson" title="James M. McPherson">James M. McPherson</a>, whose lecture turned out to be very popular. Subsequently, the NEH revised the criteria for the award to place more emphasis on speaking skills and public appeal.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> The next Jefferson Lecture, by playwright <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Miller" title="Arthur Miller">Arthur Miller</a>, again led to attacks from conservatives<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Jay_Nordlinger" title="Jay Nordlinger">Jay Nordlinger</a>, who called it "a disgrace,"<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> and <a href="/wiki/George_Will" title="George Will">George Will</a>, who did not like the political content of Miller's lecture and argued that Miller was not legitimately a "scholar."<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> Recent Jefferson Lecturers have included journalist/author <a href="/wiki/Tom_Wolfe" title="Tom Wolfe">Tom Wolfe</a>;<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> <a href="/wiki/Straussian" class="mw-redirect" title="Straussian">Straussian</a> conservative political philosopher <a href="/wiki/Harvey_Mansfield" title="Harvey Mansfield">Harvey Mansfield</a>;<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> and novelist <a href="/wiki/John_Updike" title="John Updike">John Updike</a>, who, in a nod to the NEH's <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://picturingamerica.neh.gov/">Picturing America</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161123084231/https://picturingamerica.neh.gov/">Archived</a> 2016-11-23 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> arts initiative, devoted his 2008 lecture to the subject of <a href="/wiki/Visual_arts_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Visual arts of the United States">American art</a>.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> In his 2009 lecture, <a href="/wiki/Bioethicist" class="mw-redirect" title="Bioethicist">bioethicist</a> and self-described "<a href="/wiki/Humanism" title="Humanism">humanist</a>" <a href="/wiki/Leon_Kass" title="Leon Kass">Leon Kass</a> expressed his view that science has become separated from its humanistic origins, and the humanities have lost their connection to metaphysical and theological concerns.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> In 2013 the NEH went in a different direction, selecting film director <a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a>. He was the first filmmaker chosen for the honor, and he spoke on "the evolution of his films, the art of storytelling, and the inspiration he draws from the humanities".<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> In 2014 the Jefferson Lecturer was author <a href="/wiki/Walter_Isaacson" title="Walter Isaacson">Walter Isaacson</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Nola2014-16">[16]</a> and the 2015 honoree was playwright and actress <a href="/wiki/Anna_Deavere_Smith" title="Anna Deavere Smith">Anna Deavere Smith</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Deveare_Smith_NYT-17">[17]</a> As part of the NEH's celebration of its fiftieth anniversary in 2016, it selected documentarian <a href="/wiki/Ken_Burns" title="Ken Burns">Ken Burns</a> to deliver the lecture.<a href="#cite_note-BurnsNYT-18">[18]</a> The 2017 lecturer was <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago" title="University of Chicago">University of Chicago</a> philosophy and law professor <a href="/wiki/Martha_Nussbaum" title="Martha Nussbaum">Martha Nussbaum</a>, who delivered her lecture, entitled "Powerlessness and the Politics of Blame", on May 1, 2017.<a href="#cite_note-NussbaumIHE-19">[19]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publications_based_on_Jefferson_Lectures">Publications based on Jefferson Lectures</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jefferson_Lecture&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Publications based on Jefferson Lectures">edit</a>]</div> A number of the Jefferson Lectures have led to books, including Holton's The Advancement of Science, and Its Burdens,<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Hope_Franklin" title="John Hope Franklin">John Hope Franklin</a>'s Racial Equality in America,<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> <a href="/wiki/Henry_Louis_Gates" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Louis Gates">Henry Louis Gates</a>' The Trials of Phillis Wheatley<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jaroslav_Pelikan" title="Jaroslav Pelikan">Jaroslav Pelikan</a>'s The Vindication of Tradition.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> Updike's 2008 lecture was included in his posthumous 2012 collection Always Looking.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Lewis" title="Bernard Lewis">Bernard Lewis</a>' 1990 lecture on "Western Civilization: A View from the East" was revised and reprinted in <a href="/wiki/The_Atlantic_Monthly" class="mw-redirect" title="The Atlantic Monthly">The Atlantic Monthly</a> under the title "The Roots of Muslim Rage".<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> According to one source, Lewis' lecture (and the subsequent article) first introduced the term "<a href="/wiki/Islamic_fundamentalism" title="Islamic fundamentalism">Islamic fundamentalism</a>" to North America.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_Jefferson_Lecturers">List of Jefferson Lecturers</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jefferson_Lecture&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: List of Jefferson Lecturers">edit</a>]</div> The following table lists the Jefferson Lecturers and the titles of their lectures.<a href="#cite_note-jefflect-1">[1]</a> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Year</th> <th>Lecturer</th> <th>Lecture Title </th></tr> <tr> <td>1972</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lionel_Trilling" title="Lionel Trilling">Lionel Trilling</a></td> <td>"Mind in the Modern World" </td></tr> <tr> <td>1973</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Erik_Erikson" title="Erik Erikson">Erik Erikson</a></td> <td>"Dimensions of a New Identity" </td></tr> <tr> <td>1974</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Robert_Penn_Warren" title="Robert Penn Warren">Robert Penn Warren</a></td> <td>"Poetry and Democracy" </td></tr> <tr> <td>1975</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paul_A._Freund" title="Paul A. Freund">Paul A. Freund</a></td> <td>"Liberty: The Great Disorder of Speech"<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1976</td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Hope_Franklin" title="John Hope Franklin">John Hope Franklin</a></td> <td>"Racial Equality in America"<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1977</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Saul_Bellow" title="Saul Bellow">Saul Bellow</a></td> <td>"The Writer and His Country Look Each Other Over"<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1978</td> <td><a href="/wiki/C._Vann_Woodward" title="C. Vann Woodward">C. Vann Woodward</a></td> <td>"The European Vision of America" </td></tr> <tr> <td>1979</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Edward_Shils" title="Edward Shils">Edward Shils</a></td> <td>"Render Unto Caesar: Government, Society, and Universities in their Reciprocal Rights and Duties"<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1980</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Tuchman" class="mw-redirect" title="Barbara Tuchman">Barbara Tuchman</a></td> <td>"Mankind's Better Moments"<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1981</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Holton" title="Gerald Holton">Gerald Holton</a></td> <td>"Where is Science Taking Us?" </td></tr> <tr> <td>1982</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Emily_Vermeule" title="Emily Vermeule">Emily Vermeule</a></td> <td>"Greeks and Barbarians: The Classical Experience in the Larger World" </td></tr> <tr> <td>1983</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jaroslav_Pelikan" title="Jaroslav Pelikan">Jaroslav Pelikan</a></td> <td>"The Vindication of Tradition" </td></tr> <tr> <td>1984</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Hook" title="Sidney Hook">Sidney Hook</a></td> <td>"Education in Defense of a Free Society"<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1985</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cleanth_Brooks" title="Cleanth Brooks">Cleanth Brooks</a></td> <td>"Literature in a Technological Age"<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1986</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Leszek_Ko%C5%82akowski" title="Leszek Kołakowski">Leszek Kołakowski</a></td> <td>"The Idolatry of Politics"<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1987</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Forrest_McDonald" title="Forrest McDonald">Forrest McDonald</a></td> <td>"The Intellectual World of the Founding Fathers"<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1988</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Robert_Nisbet" title="Robert Nisbet">Robert Nisbet</a></td> <td>"The Present Age and the State of Community"<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1989</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Walker_Percy" title="Walker Percy">Walker Percy</a></td> <td>"The Fateful Rift: The San Andreas Fault in the Modern Mind"<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a><a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a><a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1990</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Lewis" title="Bernard Lewis">Bernard Lewis</a></td> <td>"Western Civilization: A View from the East"<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1991</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gertrude_Himmelfarb" title="Gertrude Himmelfarb">Gertrude Himmelfarb</a></td> <td>"Of Heroes, Villains and Valets"<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1992</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Knox" title="Bernard Knox">Bernard Knox</a></td> <td>"The Oldest Dead White European Males"<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1993</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Robert_Conquest" title="Robert Conquest">Robert Conquest</a></td> <td>"History, Humanity and Truth"<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1994</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gwendolyn_Brooks" title="Gwendolyn Brooks">Gwendolyn Brooks</a></td> <td>"Family Pictures"<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1995</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vincent_Scully" title="Vincent Scully">Vincent Scully</a></td> <td>"The Architecture of Community"<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1996</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Toni_Morrison" title="Toni Morrison">Toni Morrison</a></td> <td>"The Future of Time"<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1997</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Toulmin" title="Stephen Toulmin">Stephen Toulmin</a></td> <td>"A Dissenter's Story"<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1998</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Bailyn" title="Bernard Bailyn">Bernard Bailyn</a></td> <td>"To Begin the World Anew: Politics and the Creative Imagination"<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1999</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Caroline_Walker_Bynum" title="Caroline Walker Bynum">Caroline Walker Bynum</a></td> <td>"Shape and Story: Some Thoughts About Werewolves"<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2000</td> <td><a href="/wiki/James_M._McPherson" title="James M. McPherson">James M. McPherson</a></td> <td>"'For a Vast Future Also': Lincoln and the Millennium"<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a><a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2001</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Miller" title="Arthur Miller">Arthur Miller</a></td> <td>"On Politics and the Art of Acting"<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a><a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2002</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Henry_Louis_Gates,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Louis Gates, Jr.">Henry Louis Gates, Jr.</a></td> <td>"Mr. Jefferson and the Trials of Phillis Wheatley"<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2003</td> <td><a href="/wiki/David_McCullough" title="David McCullough">David McCullough</a></td> <td>"The Course of Human Events"<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2004</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Helen_Vendler" title="Helen Vendler">Helen Vendler</a></td> <td>"The Ocean, the Bird, and the Scholar"<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2005</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Donald_Kagan" title="Donald Kagan">Donald Kagan</a></td> <td>"In Defense of History"<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a><a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a><a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a><a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a><a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2006</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tom_Wolfe" title="Tom Wolfe">Tom Wolfe</a></td> <td>"The Human Beast"<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a><a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2007</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Mansfield" title="Harvey Mansfield">Harvey Mansfield</a></td> <td>"How to Understand Politics: What the Humanities Can Say to Science"<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2008</td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Updike" title="John Updike">John Updike</a></td> <td>"The Clarity of Things: What Is American about American Art"<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a><a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> <a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2009</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Leon_Kass" title="Leon Kass">Leon Kass</a></td> <td>"'Looking for an Honest Man': Reflections of an Unlicensed Humanist"<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a><a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2010</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Spence" class="mw-redirect" title="Jonathan Spence">Jonathan Spence</a></td> <td>"When Minds Met: China and the West in the Seventeenth Century"<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a><a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2011</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Drew_Gilpin_Faust" title="Drew Gilpin Faust">Drew Gilpin Faust</a></td> <td>"Telling War Stories: Reflections of a Civil War Historian"<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a><a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a><a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a><a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a><a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2012</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wendell_Berry" title="Wendell Berry">Wendell Berry</a></td> <td>"It All Turns on Affection" <a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a><a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a><a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a><a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a><a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2013</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a></td> <td>"Persistence of Vision: Reading the Language of Cinema"<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a><a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a><a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a><a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a><a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2014</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Walter_Isaacson" title="Walter Isaacson">Walter Isaacson</a></td> <td>"The Intersection of the Humanities and the Sciences"<a href="#cite_note-Nola2014-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a><a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a><a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a><a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2015</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Anna_Deavere_Smith" title="Anna Deavere Smith">Anna Deavere Smith</a></td> <td>"On the Road: A Search for American Character"<a href="#cite_note-Deveare_Smith_NYT-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a><a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a><a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2016</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ken_Burns" title="Ken Burns">Ken Burns</a></td> <td>Race in America (subject; no title announced)<a href="#cite_note-BurnsNYT-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a><a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a><a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2017</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Martha_Nussbaum" title="Martha Nussbaum">Martha Nussbaum</a></td> <td>"Powerlessness and the Politics of Blame"<a href="#cite_note-NussbaumIHE-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a><a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a><a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2018 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rita_Charon" title="Rita Charon">Rita Charon</a> </td> <td>"To See the Suffering: The Humanities Have What Medicine Needs"<a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a><a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a><a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2019</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Columba_Stewart" title="Columba Stewart">Columba Stewart</a></td> <td>"Cultural Heritage Present and Future: A Benedictine Monk's Long View"<a href="#cite_note-StewartNEH-126">[126]</a><a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a><a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2022</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Delbanco" title="Andrew Delbanco">Andrew Delbanco</a></td> <td>"The Question of Reparations: Our Past, Our Present, Our Future"<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a><a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a><a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2023</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Simmons" title="Ruth Simmons">Ruth Simmons</a></td> <td>"Facing History to Find a Better Future"<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a><a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jefferson_Lecture&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-jefflect-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-jefflect_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-jefflect_1-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-jefflect_1-2">c</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.neh.gov/about/awards/jefferson-lecture">Jefferson Lecture</a> at NEH Website (retrieved January 22, 2009). </li> <li id="cite_note-Krebs-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Krebs_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krebs_2-1">b</a> Alvin Krebs and <a href="/wiki/Robert_McG._Thomas" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert McG. Thomas">Robert McG. Thomas</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1981/05/12/nyregion/notes-on-people-jeffersonian-theory-gets-new-lease-on-life.html">"Notes on People; Jeffersonian Theory Gets New Lease on Life,"</a> The New York Times, May 12, 1981. </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20121211143912/http://www.thecrimson.harvard.edu/article.aspx?ref=226614">"Holton, in Jefferson Lecture, Criticizes Science Education,"</a> <a href="/wiki/Harvard_Crimson" title="Harvard Crimson">Harvard Crimson</a>, May 15, 1981. </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> Irvin Molotsky, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1999/09/21/us/choice-of-clinton-to-give-humanities-lecture-meets-resistance.html">"Choice of Clinton to Give Humanities Lecture Meets Resistance," </a> <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>, September 21, 1999. </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9D05E3DC173FF931A1575AC0A96F958260">"National News Briefs; Clinton Declines Offer To Give Scholarly Talk,"</a> <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>, September 22, 1999. </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> Ron Southwick, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chronicle.com/free/v47/i06/06a03001.htm">"NEH Wants Jefferson Lectures to Have More Public Appeal,"</a> <a href="/wiki/Chronicle_of_Higher_Education" class="mw-redirect" title="Chronicle of Higher Education">Chronicle of Higher Education</a>, October 6, 2000. </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> Bruce Craig, "Arthur Miller's Jefferson Lecture Stirs Controversy," in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oah.org/pubs/nl/2001may/ncc.html">"Capital Commentary"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081122153656/http://www.oah.org/pubs/nl/2001may/ncc.html">Archived</a> 2008-11-22 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, OAH Newsletter [published by <a href="/wiki/Organization_of_American_Historians" title="Organization of American Historians">Organization of American Historians</a>], May 2001. </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> Jay Nordlinger, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalreview.com/impromptus/impromptus042202.asp">"Back to Plessy, Easter with Fidel, Miller's new tale, &c."</a> <a href="/wiki/National_Review" title="National Review">National Review</a>, April 22, 2002. </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <a href="/wiki/George_Will" title="George Will">George Will</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jewishworldreview.com/cols/will041001.asp">"Enduring Arthur Miller: Oh, the Humanities!"</a> <a href="/wiki/Jewish_World_Review" title="Jewish World Review">Jewish World Review</a>, April 10, 2001. </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> David Epstein, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2006/05/11/wolfe">"A Speech in Full,"</a> <a href="/wiki/Inside_Higher_Ed" title="Inside Higher Ed">Inside Higher Ed</a>, May 11, 2006. </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> Philip Kennicott, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/05/08/AR2007050802282.html">"A Strauss Primer, With Glossy Mansfield Finish,"</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>, May 9, 2007. </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> Jennifer Howard, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chronicle.com/news/article/4541/in-jefferson-lecture-updike-says-american-art-is-known-by-its-insecurity">"In Jefferson Lecture, Updike Says American Art Is Known by Its Insecurity,"</a> <a href="/wiki/Chronicle_of_Higher_Education" class="mw-redirect" title="Chronicle of Higher Education">Chronicle of Higher Education</a>, May 23, 2008. </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> Jay Tolson,<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usnews.com/articles/news/national/2008/05/23/john-updike-on-american-art.html">"John Updike on American Art,"</a> <a href="/wiki/U.S._News_%26_World_Report" title="U.S. News & World Report">U.S. News & World Report</a>, May 23, 2008. </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> Serena Golden, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2009/05/22/kass">"Tough Love for the Humanities"</a>, <a href="/wiki/Inside_Higher_Ed" title="Inside Higher Ed">Inside Higher Ed</a>, May 22, 2009 (retrieved May 22, 2009). </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> Dave Itzkoff, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://artsbeat.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/02/19/hes-talking-to-you-scorsese-to-give-jefferson-lecture-for-national-endowment-for-the-humanities/">"He's Talking to You: Scorsese to Give Jefferson Lecture for National Endowment for the Humanities"</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>, February 19, 2013. </li> <li id="cite_note-Nola2014-16">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Nola2014_16-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nola2014_16-1">b</a> Chris Waddington, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nola.com/celebrities/index.ssf/2014/01/best-selling_biographer_walter.html">"Best-selling biographer Walter Isaacson will deliver prestigious Jefferson Lecture in 2014"</a>, <a href="/wiki/Times-Picayune" class="mw-redirect" title="Times-Picayune">Times-Picayune</a>, January 28, 2014. </li> <li id="cite_note-Deveare_Smith_NYT-17">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Deveare_Smith_NYT_17-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Deveare_Smith_NYT_17-1">b</a> Jennifer Schuessler, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://artsbeat.blogs.nytimes.com/2015/02/19/anna-deavere-smith-to-deliver-jefferson-lecture/?_r=0">"Anna Deavere Smith to Deliver Jefferson Lecture"</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>, February 19, 2015. </li> <li id="cite_note-BurnsNYT-18">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BurnsNYT_18-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BurnsNYT_18-1">b</a> Lorne Manly, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://artsbeat.blogs.nytimes.com/2016/01/18/ken-burns-to-discuss-race-in-jefferson-lecture/?_r=0">"Ken Burns to Discuss Race in Jefferson Lecture"</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>, January 18, 2016. </li> <li id="cite_note-NussbaumIHE-19">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NussbaumIHE_19-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NussbaumIHE_19-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.insidehighered.com/quicktakes/2017/01/19/martha-nussbaum-named-jefferson-lecturer">"Martha Nussbaum Named Jefferson Lecturer"</a>, <a href="/wiki/Inside_Higher_Ed" title="Inside Higher Ed">Inside Higher Ed</a>, January 19, 2017. </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Holton" title="Gerald Holton">Gerald Holton</a>, The Advancement of Science, and Its Burdens: The Jefferson Lecture and Other Essays (Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press 1986), <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-27243-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-27243-2">0-521-27243-2</a>. </li> <li 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Retrieved 2020-04-19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=On+Politics+and+the+Art+of+Acting&rft.pub=National+Endowment+for+the+Humanities&rft.date=2001-03-26&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Arthur&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fneh.dspacedirect.org%2Fhandle%2F11215%2F3773&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.neh.gov/news/press-release/2001-01-04https://www.neh.gov/news/press-release/2001-01-04">"Playwright Arthur Miller Named the 2001 NEH Jefferson Lecturer in the Humanities"</a>. National Endowment for the Humanities. 2001-01-04. Retrieved 2023-06-29.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Endowment+for+the+Humanities&rft.atitle=Playwright+Arthur+Miller+Named+the+2001+NEH+Jefferson+Lecturer+in+the+Humanities&rft.date=2001-01-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.neh.gov%2Fnews%2Fpress-release%2F2001-01-04https%3A%2F%2Fwww.neh.gov%2Fnews%2Fpress-release%2F2001-01-04&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.neh.gov/about/awards/jefferson-lecture/henry-louis-gates-jr-biography">"Henry Louis Gates, Jr"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Endowment_for_the_Humanities" title="National Endowment for the Humanities">National Endowment for the Humanities</a>. Retrieved 2020-04-19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Henry+Louis+Gates%2C+Jr.&rft.pub=National+Endowment+for+the+Humanities&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.neh.gov%2Fabout%2Fawards%2Fjefferson-lecture%2Fhenry-louis-gates-jr-biography&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://neh.dspacedirect.org/handle/11215/3762">"Mister Jefferson and the Trials of Phillis Wheatley"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Endowment_for_the_Humanities" title="National Endowment for the Humanities">National Endowment for the Humanities</a>. Retrieved 2020-04-19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mister+Jefferson+and+the+Trials+of+Phillis+Wheatley&rft.pub=National+Endowment+for+the+Humanities&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fneh.dspacedirect.org%2Fhandle%2F11215%2F3762&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.neh.gov/news/press-release/2001-12-20">"Harvard Professor Henry Louis Gates, Jr. Named the 2002 NEH Jefferson Lecturer in the Humanities"</a>. National Endowment for the Humanities. 2001-12-20. Retrieved 2023-06-29.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Endowment+for+the+Humanities&rft.atitle=Harvard+Professor+Henry+Louis+Gates%2C+Jr.+Named+the+2002+NEH+Jefferson+Lecturer+in+the+Humanities&rft.date=2001-12-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.neh.gov%2Fnews%2Fpress-release%2F2001-12-20&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.neh.gov/about/awards/jefferson-lecture/david-mccullough-biography">"David McCullough"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Endowment_for_the_Humanities" title="National Endowment for the Humanities">National Endowment for the Humanities</a>. 1944-08-18. Retrieved 2020-04-19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=David+McCullough&rft.pub=National+Endowment+for+the+Humanities&rft.date=1944-08-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.neh.gov%2Fabout%2Fawards%2Fjefferson-lecture%2Fdavid-mccullough-biography&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavid_McCullough2009" class="citation book cs1">David McCullough (2009-12-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yLy1Dm_coCkC">The Course of Human Events: The 2003 Jefferson Lecture in the Humanities</a>. <a href="/wiki/Simon_and_Schuster" class="mw-redirect" title="Simon and Schuster">Simon and Schuster</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781439190012" title="Special:BookSources/9781439190012"><bdi>9781439190012</bdi></a>. Retrieved 2020-04-19 – via <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Course+of+Human+Events%3A+The+2003+Jefferson+Lecture+in+the+Humanities&rft.pub=Simon+and+Schuster&rft.date=2009-12-01&rft.isbn=9781439190012&rft.au=David+McCullough&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyLy1Dm_coCkC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://neh.dspacedirect.org/handle/11215/3770">"The Course of Human Events"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Endowment_for_the_Humanities" title="National Endowment for the Humanities">National Endowment for the Humanities</a>. Retrieved 2020-04-19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Course+of+Human+Events&rft.pub=National+Endowment+for+the+Humanities&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fneh.dspacedirect.org%2Fhandle%2F11215%2F3770&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.neh.gov/news/press-release/2003-03-11">"Historian and Author David McCullough to Deliver the 2003 Jefferson Lecture in the Humanities"</a>. National Endowment for the Humanities. 2003-03-11. Retrieved 2023-06-29.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Endowment+for+the+Humanities&rft.atitle=Historian+and+Author+David+McCullough+to+Deliver+the+2003+Jefferson+Lecture+in+the+Humanities&rft.date=2003-03-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.neh.gov%2Fnews%2Fpress-release%2F2003-03-11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.neh.gov/about/awards/jefferson-lecture/helen-vendler-biography">"Helen Vendler"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Endowment_for_the_Humanities" title="National Endowment for the Humanities">National Endowment for the Humanities</a>. 2004-04-18. Retrieved 2020-04-19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Helen+Vendler&rft.pub=National+Endowment+for+the+Humanities&rft.date=2004-04-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.neh.gov%2Fabout%2Fawards%2Fjefferson-lecture%2Fhelen-vendler-biography&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://neh.dspacedirect.org/handle/11215/3782">"The Ocean, the Bird, and the Scholar"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Endowment_for_the_Humanities" title="National Endowment for the Humanities">National Endowment for the Humanities</a>. Retrieved 2020-04-19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Ocean%2C+the+Bird%2C+and+the+Scholar&rft.pub=National+Endowment+for+the+Humanities&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fneh.dspacedirect.org%2Fhandle%2F11215%2F3782&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.neh.gov/news/press-release/2004-03-11">"Helen Vendler, Renowned Author, Scholar, and Poetry Critic, to Deliver the 2004 Jefferson Lecture"</a>. National Endowment for the Humanities. 2004-03-11. Retrieved 2023-06-29.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Endowment+for+the+Humanities&rft.atitle=Helen+Vendler%2C+Renowned+Author%2C+Scholar%2C+and+Poetry+Critic%2C+to+Deliver+the+2004+Jefferson+Lecture&rft.date=2004-03-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.neh.gov%2Fnews%2Fpress-release%2F2004-03-11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.neh.gov/about/awards/jefferson-lecture/donald-kagan-biography">"Donald Kagan"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Endowment_for_the_Humanities" title="National Endowment for the Humanities">National Endowment for the Humanities</a>. 2016-06-21. Retrieved 2020-04-19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Donald+Kagan&rft.pub=National+Endowment+for+the+Humanities&rft.date=2016-06-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.neh.gov%2Fabout%2Fawards%2Fjefferson-lecture%2Fdonald-kagan-biography&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/2005/05/13/yale-historian-donald-kagan-mixing-the-old-and-the-neo/d9902732-30b0-44e6-ac9c-67a5f1f80dcd/">"Yale Historian Donald Kagan, Mixing the Old And the Neo"</a>. The Washington Post. 2005-05-13. Retrieved 2020-04-19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Yale+Historian+Donald+Kagan%2C+Mixing+the+Old+And+the+Neo&rft.date=2005-05-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Farchive%2Flifestyle%2F2005%2F05%2F13%2Fyale-historian-donald-kagan-mixing-the-old-and-the-neo%2Fd9902732-30b0-44e6-ac9c-67a5f1f80dcd%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/12019">"Donald Kagan: In Defense of History"</a>. History News Network. Retrieved 2020-04-19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Donald+Kagan%3A+In+Defense+of+History&rft.pub=History+News+Network&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhistorynewsnetwork.org%2Farticle%2F12019&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKagan2004" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Donald_Kagan" title="Donald Kagan">Kagan, Donald</a> (2004-05-18). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://neh.dspacedirect.org/handle/11215/3765?show=full">"In Defense of History"</a>. Jefferson Lecture. Retrieved 2020-04-19 – via National Endowment for the Humanities. <q>Lecture text with footnotes</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=In+Defense+of+History&rft.series=Jefferson+Lecture&rft.date=2004-05-18&rft.aulast=Kagan&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fneh.dspacedirect.org%2Fhandle%2F11215%2F3765%3Fshow%3Dfull&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://neh.dspacedirect.org/handle/11215/3501">"Ephemera from Twenty-fourth Jefferson Lecture with Donald Kagan"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Endowment_for_the_Humanities" title="National Endowment for the Humanities">National Endowment for the Humanities</a>. 2005-05-12. Retrieved 2020-04-19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ephemera+from+Twenty-fourth+Jefferson+Lecture+with+Donald+Kagan&rft.pub=National+Endowment+for+the+Humanities&rft.date=2005-05-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fneh.dspacedirect.org%2Fhandle%2F11215%2F3501&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://neh.dspacedirect.org/handle/11215/3500">"Photographs from Twenty-fourth Jefferson Lecture with Donald Kagan"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Endowment_for_the_Humanities" title="National Endowment for the Humanities">National Endowment for the Humanities</a>. 2005-05-12. Retrieved 2020-04-19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Photographs+from+Twenty-fourth+Jefferson+Lecture+with+Donald+Kagan&rft.pub=National+Endowment+for+the+Humanities&rft.date=2005-05-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fneh.dspacedirect.org%2Fhandle%2F11215%2F3500&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.neh.gov/news/press-release/2005-02-22">"Donald Kagan, Renowned Scholar, Author, and Classicist, to Deliver the 2005 Jefferson Lecture in the Humanities"</a>. National Endowment for the Humanities. 2005-02-22. Retrieved 2023-06-29.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Endowment+for+the+Humanities&rft.atitle=Donald+Kagan%2C+Renowned+Scholar%2C+Author%2C+and+Classicist%2C+to+Deliver+the+2005+Jefferson+Lecture+in+the+Humanities&rft.date=2005-02-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.neh.gov%2Fnews%2Fpress-release%2F2005-02-22&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.neh.gov/about/awards/jefferson-lecture/tom-wolfe-biography">"Tom Wolfe"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Endowment_for_the_Humanities" title="National Endowment for the Humanities">National Endowment for the Humanities</a>. Retrieved 2020-04-19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tom+Wolfe&rft.pub=National+Endowment+for+the+Humanities&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.neh.gov%2Fabout%2Fawards%2Fjefferson-lecture%2Ftom-wolfe-biography&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://neh.dspacedirect.org/handle/11215/3494">"Invitation to Thirty-fifth Jefferson Lecture with Tom Wolfe"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Endowment_for_the_Humanities" title="National Endowment for the Humanities">National Endowment for the Humanities</a>. 2006-05-10. Retrieved 2020-04-19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Invitation+to+Thirty-fifth+Jefferson+Lecture+with+Tom+Wolfe&rft.pub=National+Endowment+for+the+Humanities&rft.date=2006-05-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fneh.dspacedirect.org%2Fhandle%2F11215%2F3494&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://neh.dspacedirect.org/handle/11215/3783">"The Human Beast"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Endowment_for_the_Humanities" title="National Endowment for the Humanities">National Endowment for the Humanities</a>. Retrieved 2020-04-19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Human+Beast&rft.pub=National+Endowment+for+the+Humanities&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fneh.dspacedirect.org%2Fhandle%2F11215%2F3783&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.neh.gov/news/press-release/2006-02-23">"Tom Wolfe, Noted American Author and Journalist, to Deliver the 2006 Jefferson Lecture in the Humanities"</a>. National Endowment for the Humanities. 2006-02-23. Retrieved 2023-06-29.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Endowment+for+the+Humanities&rft.atitle=Tom+Wolfe%2C+Noted+American+Author+and+Journalist%2C+to+Deliver+the+2006+Jefferson+Lecture+in+the+Humanities&rft.date=2006-02-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.neh.gov%2Fnews%2Fpress-release%2F2006-02-23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.neh.gov/about/awards/jefferson-lecture/harvey-mansfield-biography">"Harvey Mansfield"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Endowment_for_the_Humanities" title="National Endowment for the Humanities">National Endowment for the Humanities</a>. 2016-06-21. Retrieved 2020-04-19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Harvey+Mansfield&rft.pub=National+Endowment+for+the+Humanities&rft.date=2016-06-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.neh.gov%2Fabout%2Fawards%2Fjefferson-lecture%2Fharvey-mansfield-biography&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://neh.dspacedirect.org/handle/11215/3769">"How to Understand Politics: What the Humanities Can Say to Science"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Endowment_for_the_Humanities" title="National Endowment for the Humanities">National Endowment for the Humanities</a>. Retrieved 2020-04-19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+to+Understand+Politics%3A+What+the+Humanities+Can+Say+to+Science&rft.pub=National+Endowment+for+the+Humanities&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fneh.dspacedirect.org%2Fhandle%2F11215%2F3769&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.neh.gov/news/press-release/2007-03-22">"Harvey Mansfield, Noted American Author and Political Theorist, to Deliver the 2007 Jefferson Lecture in the Humanities"</a>. National Endowment for the Humanities. 2007-03-22. Retrieved 2023-06-29.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Endowment+for+the+Humanities&rft.atitle=Harvey+Mansfield%2C+Noted+American+Author+and+Political+Theorist%2C+to+Deliver+the+2007+Jefferson+Lecture+in+the+Humanities&rft.date=2007-03-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.neh.gov%2Fnews%2Fpress-release%2F2007-03-22&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.neh.gov/about/awards/jefferson-lecture/john-updike-biography">"John Updike"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Endowment_for_the_Humanities" title="National Endowment for the Humanities">National Endowment for the Humanities</a>. 2016-06-21. 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Retrieved 2020-04-19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Clarity+of+Things%3A+What+is+American+about+American+Art%3F&rft.pub=National+Endowment+for+the+Humanities&rft.date=2008-05-22&rft.aulast=Updike&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fneh.dspacedirect.org%2Fhandle%2F11215%2F3781&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/video/?199132-1/american-art">"American Art | C-SPAN.org"</a>. www.c-span.org. Retrieved 2020-04-19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.c-span.org&rft.atitle=American+Art+%26%23124%3B+C-SPAN.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.c-span.org%2Fvideo%2F%3F199132-1%2Famerican-art&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.neh.gov/news/press-release/2008-03-18">"John Updike to Deliver 2008 Jefferson Lecture in the Humanities"</a>. National Endowment for the Humanities. 2008-03-18. Retrieved 2023-06-29.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Endowment+for+the+Humanities&rft.atitle=John+Updike+to+Deliver+2008+Jefferson+Lecture+in+the+Humanities&rft.date=2008-03-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.neh.gov%2Fnews%2Fpress-release%2F2008-03-18&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.neh.gov/about/awards/jefferson-lecture/leon-kass-biography">"Leon Kass"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Endowment_for_the_Humanities" title="National Endowment for the Humanities">National Endowment for the Humanities</a>. 2016-06-21. 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Retrieved 2020-04-19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Looking+for+an+Honest+Man%3A+Reflections+of+an+Unlicensed+Humanist&rft.pub=National+Endowment+for+the+Humanities&rft.date=2009-05-22&rft.aulast=Kass&rft.aufirst=Leon+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fneh.dspacedirect.org%2Fhandle%2F11215%2F3766&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.neh.gov/news/press-release/2009-03-23">"Leon Kass, Noted Humanities Scholar and Bioethicist, to Deliver the 2009 Jefferson Lecture in the Humanities"</a>. National Endowment for the Humanities. 2009-03-23. Retrieved 2023-06-29.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Endowment+for+the+Humanities&rft.atitle=Leon+Kass%2C+Noted+Humanities+Scholar+and+Bioethicist%2C+to+Deliver+the+2009+Jefferson+Lecture+in+the+Humanities&rft.date=2009-03-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.neh.gov%2Fnews%2Fpress-release%2F2009-03-23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.neh.gov/about/awards/jefferson-lecture/jonathan-spence-biography">"Jonathan Spence"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Endowment_for_the_Humanities" title="National Endowment for the Humanities">National Endowment for the Humanities</a>. 1936-08-11. 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Retrieved 2020-04-19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2017+Jefferson+Lecture%3A+NEH+Chairman+William+Adams+Interviews+Martha+Nussbaum&rft.pub=YouTube&rft.date=2017-03-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DPWZbQuqAQCI&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.facebook.com/watch/live/?ref=watch_permalink&v=1653654471312201">"2017 Jefferson Lecture in the Humanities with Martha C. Nussbaum"</a>. Facebook. Retrieved 2023-06-29.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Facebook&rft.atitle=2017+Jefferson+Lecture+in+the+Humanities+with+Martha+C.+Nussbaum&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2Fwatch%2Flive%2F%3Fref%3Dwatch_permalink%26v%3D1653654471312201&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.neh.gov/news/dr-rita-charon-named-2018-jefferson-lecturer-humanities">"Dr. Rita Charon Named the 2018 Jefferson Lecturer in the Humanities"</a>. National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH). Retrieved 2018-10-16.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Endowment+for+the+Humanities+%28NEH%29&rft.atitle=Dr.+Rita+Charon+Named+the+2018+Jefferson+Lecturer+in+the+Humanities&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.neh.gov%2Fnews%2Fdr-rita-charon-named-2018-jefferson-lecturer-humanities&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.neh.gov/award/drritacharon">"Dr. Rita Charon"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Endowment_for_the_Humanities" title="National Endowment for the Humanities">National Endowment for the Humanities</a>. 2018-09-04. Retrieved 2020-04-19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dr.+Rita+Charon&rft.pub=National+Endowment+for+the+Humanities&rft.date=2018-09-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.neh.gov%2Faward%2Fdrritacharon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7yI0rdQEAj8">"2018 Jefferson Lecture in the Humanities with Dr. Rita Charon"</a>. YouTube. 2018-10-18. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211215/7yI0rdQEAj8">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-12-15. Retrieved 2020-04-19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2018+Jefferson+Lecture+in+the+Humanities+with+Dr.+Rita+Charon&rft.pub=YouTube&rft.date=2018-10-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D7yI0rdQEAj8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-StewartNEH-126"><a href="#cite_ref-StewartNEH_126-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.neh.gov/news/father-columba-stewart-named-2019-jefferson-lecturer-humanities">"Father Columba Stewart Named the 2019 Jefferson Lecturer in the Humanities"</a>, NEH, July 18, 2019. </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s-kcZ50nn5M">"2019 Jefferson Lecture in the Humanities with Father Columba Stewart"</a>. YouTube. 2019-11-25. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211215/s-kcZ50nn5M">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-12-15. Retrieved 2020-04-19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2019+Jefferson+Lecture+in+the+Humanities+with+Father+Columba+Stewart&rft.pub=YouTube&rft.date=2019-11-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3Ds-kcZ50nn5M&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.neh.gov/award/father-columba-stewart">"Father Columba Stewart"</a>. National Endowment for the Humanities. Retrieved 2023-06-29.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Endowment+for+the+Humanities&rft.atitle=Father+Columba+Stewart&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.neh.gov%2Faward%2Ffather-columba-stewart&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.neh.gov/news/andrew-delbanco-named-2022-jefferson-lecturer-humanities">"Andrew Delbanco Named the 2022 Jefferson Lecturer in the Humanities"</a>. neh.gov. National Endowment for the Humanities. July 14, 2022. Retrieved October 9, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=neh.gov&rft.atitle=Andrew+Delbanco+Named+the+2022+Jefferson+Lecturer+in+the+Humanities&rft.date=2022-07-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.neh.gov%2Fnews%2Fandrew-delbanco-named-2022-jefferson-lecturer-humanities&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.neh.gov/award/andrew-delbanco">"Andrew Delbanco"</a>. National Endowment for the Humanities. Retrieved 2023-06-29.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Endowment+for+the+Humanities&rft.atitle=Andrew+Delbanco&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.neh.gov%2Faward%2Fandrew-delbanco&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rCn6--R67l0">"2022 Jefferson Lecture in the Humanities"</a>. YouTube. 2022-12-08. Retrieved 2023-06-29.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=YouTube&rft.atitle=2022+Jefferson+Lecture+in+the+Humanities&rft.date=2022-12-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DrCn6--R67l0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtoninformer.com/ruth-simmons-to-deliver-jefferson-lecture-at-smithsonian-black-history-museum-next-month/">"Ruth Simmons to Deliver Jefferson Lecture at Smithsonian Black History Museum Next Month"</a>. neh.gov. National Endowment for the Humanities. August 29, 2023. Retrieved November 29, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=neh.gov&rft.atitle=Ruth+Simmons+to+Deliver+Jefferson+Lecture+at+Smithsonian+Black+History+Museum+Next+Month&rft.date=2023-08-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtoninformer.com%2Fruth-simmons-to-deliver-jefferson-lecture-at-smithsonian-black-history-museum-next-month%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreenberg2023" class="citation web cs1">Greenberg, Susan H. (September 27, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.insidehighered.com/news/quick-takes/2023/09/27/ruth-simmons-delivers-stirring-tribute-humanities">"Ruth Simmons Delivers Stirring Tribute to the Humanities"</a>. Inside Higher Ed. Retrieved November 29, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Inside+Higher+Ed&rft.atitle=Ruth+Simmons+Delivers+Stirring+Tribute+to+the+Humanities&rft.date=2023-09-27&rft.aulast=Greenberg&rft.aufirst=Susan+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.insidehighered.com%2Fnews%2Fquick-takes%2F2023%2F09%2F27%2Fruth-simmons-delivers-stirring-tribute-humanities&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jefferson_Lecture&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.neh.gov/about/awards/jefferson-lecture">Official website</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://neh.dspacedirect.org/handle/11215/2891">"Jefferson Lecture in the Humanities"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Endowment_for_the_Humanities" title="National Endowment for the Humanities">National Endowment for the Humanities</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jefferson+Lecture+in+the+Humanities&rft.pub=National+Endowment+for+the+Humanities&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fneh.dspacedirect.org%2Fhandle%2F11215%2F2891&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJefferson+Lecture" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output 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Freund">Freund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hope_Franklin" title="John Hope Franklin">Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saul_Bellow" title="Saul Bellow">Bellow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._Vann_Woodward" title="C. Vann Woodward">Woodward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Shils" title="Edward Shils">Shils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Tuchman" class="mw-redirect" title="Barbara Tuchman">Tuchman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Holton" title="Gerald Holton">Holton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emily_Vermeule" title="Emily Vermeule">Vermeule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaroslav_Pelikan" title="Jaroslav Pelikan">Pelikan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Hook" title="Sidney Hook">Hook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleanth_Brooks" title="Cleanth Brooks">C. Brooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leszek_Ko%C5%82akowski" title="Leszek Kołakowski">Kołakowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forrest_McDonald" title="Forrest McDonald">McDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Nisbet" title="Robert Nisbet">Nisbet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walker_Percy" title="Walker Percy">Percy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Lewis" title="Bernard Lewis">Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gertrude_Himmelfarb" title="Gertrude Himmelfarb">Himmelfarb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Knox" title="Bernard Knox">Knox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Conquest" title="Robert Conquest">Conquest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwendolyn_Brooks" title="Gwendolyn Brooks">G. Brooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincent_Scully" title="Vincent Scully">Scully</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toni_Morrison" title="Toni Morrison">Morrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Toulmin" title="Stephen Toulmin">Toulmin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Bailyn" title="Bernard Bailyn">Bailyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caroline_Bynum" class="mw-redirect" title="Caroline Bynum">Bynum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_M._McPherson" title="James M. McPherson">McPherson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Miller" title="Arthur Miller">Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Louis_Gates,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Louis Gates, Jr.">Gates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_McCullough" title="David McCullough">McCullough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Vendler" title="Helen Vendler">Vendler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Kagan" title="Donald Kagan">Kagan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Wolfe" title="Tom Wolfe">Wolfe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Mansfield" title="Harvey Mansfield">Mansfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Updike" title="John Updike">Updike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leon_Kass" title="Leon Kass">Kass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Spence" class="mw-redirect" title="Jonathan Spence">Spence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drew_Gilpin_Faust" title="Drew Gilpin Faust">Faust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wendell_Berry" title="Wendell Berry">Berry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Scorsese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Isaacson" title="Walter Isaacson">Isaacson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Deavere_Smith" title="Anna Deavere Smith">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Burns" title="Ken Burns">Burns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Nussbaum" title="Martha Nussbaum">Nussbaum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rita_Charon" title="Rita Charon">Charon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columba_Stewart" title="Columba Stewart">Stewart</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Thomas_Jefferson" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Thomas_Jefferson" title="Template:Thomas Jefferson"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Thomas_Jefferson" title="Template talk:Thomas Jefferson"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Thomas_Jefferson" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Thomas Jefferson"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Thomas_Jefferson" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Thomas Jefferson</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of presidents of the United States">3rd</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a> (1801–1809)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of vice presidents of the United States">2nd</a> <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President of the United States</a> (1797–1801)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_secretaries_of_state_of_the_United_States" title="List of secretaries of state of the United States">1st</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">United States Secretary of State</a> (1790–1793)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_of_the_United_States_to_France" title="List of ambassadors of the United States to France">U.S. Minister to France</a> (1785–1789)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_delegates_to_the_Continental_Congress" title="List of delegates to the Continental Congress">Delegate</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Congress_of_the_Confederation" title="Congress of the Confederation">Congress of the Confederation</a> (1783–1784)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Virginia" title="List of governors of Virginia">2nd</a> <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Virginia" title="Governor of Virginia">Governor of Virginia</a> (1779–1781)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_delegates_to_the_Continental_Congress" title="List of delegates to the Continental Congress">Delegate</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Second_Continental_Congress" title="Second Continental Congress">Second Continental Congress</a> (1775–1776)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Virginia_Convention" title="Fifth Virginia Convention">Delegate, Fifth Virginia Convention</a> (1776)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Founding documents of the United States</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A_Summary_View_of_the_Rights_of_British_America" title="A Summary View of the Rights of British America">A Summary View of the Rights of British America</a> (1774)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olive_Branch_Petition" title="Olive Branch Petition">Olive Branch Petition</a> (1775)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Declaration_of_the_Causes_and_Necessity_of_Taking_Up_Arms" title="Declaration of the Causes and Necessity of Taking Up Arms">Declaration of the Causes and Necessity of Taking Up Arms</a> (1775)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Declaration_of_Independence" title="United States Declaration of Independence">Declaration of Independence</a> (1776) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Committee_of_Five" title="Committee of Five">Committee of Five</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physical_history_of_the_United_States_Declaration_of_Independence" title="Physical history of the United States Declaration of Independence">physical history</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/All_men_are_created_equal" title="All men are created equal">All men are created equal</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Life,_Liberty_and_the_pursuit_of_Happiness" title="Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness">Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Consent_of_the_governed#In_the_United_States_of_America" title="Consent of the governed">Consent of the governed</a>"</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Statute_for_Religious_Freedom" title="Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom">Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom</a> (1786)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_Ordinance_of_1784" title="Land Ordinance of 1784">Land Ordinance of 1784</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_Ordinance_of_1785" title="Land Ordinance of 1785">Land Ordinance of 1785</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/French_Revolution#Declaration_of_the_Rights_of_Man" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Co-author, <a href="/wiki/Declaration_of_the_Rights_of_Man_and_of_the_Citizen" title="Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen">Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen</a> (1789)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Thomas_Jefferson" title="Presidency of Thomas Jefferson">Presidency</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Act_Prohibiting_Importation_of_Slaves" title="Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves">Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Purchase" title="Louisiana Purchase">Louisiana Purchase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_and_Clark_Expedition" title="Lewis and Clark Expedition">Lewis and Clark Expedition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Liberty" title="Empire of Liberty">Empire of Liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunbar_and_Hunter_Expedition" title="Dunbar and Hunter Expedition">Dunbar and Hunter Expedition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_River_Expedition_(1806)" title="Red River Expedition (1806)">Red River Expedition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pike_Expedition" title="Pike Expedition">Pike Expedition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Road#Cumberland_Road" title="National Road">Cumberland Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embargo_Act_of_1807" title="Embargo Act of 1807">Embargo Act of 1807</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chesapeake%E2%80%93Leopard_affair" title="Chesapeake–Leopard affair">Chesapeake–Leopard affair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-Intercourse_Act_(1809)" title="Non-Intercourse Act (1809)">Non-Intercourse Act</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Barbary_War" title="First Barbary War">First Barbary War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson_and_Native_Americans" title="Thomas Jefferson and Native Americans">Native American policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burr_conspiracy" title="Burr conspiracy">Burr conspiracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marbury_v._Madison" title="Marbury v. Madison">Marbury v. Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_Military_Academy" title="History of the United States Military Academy">West Point Military Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Thomas_Jefferson#Speeches" title="Presidency of Thomas Jefferson">State of the Union Addresses</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1801_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1801 State of the Union Address">1801</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1802_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1802 State of the Union Address">1802</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1805_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1805 State of the Union Address">1805</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Thomas_Jefferson#Administration" title="Presidency of Thomas Jefferson">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Thomas_Jefferson" title="List of federal judges appointed by Thomas Jefferson">Federal judicial appointments</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other noted accomplishments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Early_life_and_career_of_Thomas_Jefferson" title="Early life and career of Thomas Jefferson">Early life and career</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franco-American_alliance" title="Franco-American alliance">Franco-American alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Virginia" title="University of Virginia">Founder, University of Virginia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_University_of_Virginia" title="History of the University of Virginia">history</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratification_Day_(United_States)" title="Ratification Day (United States)">Ratification Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Administration_party" title="Anti-Administration party">Anti-Administration party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic-Republican_Party" title="Democratic-Republican Party">Democratic-Republican Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeffersonian_democracy" title="Jeffersonian democracy">Jeffersonian democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plan_for_Establishing_Uniformity_in_the_Coinage,_Weights,_and_Measures_of_the_United_States" title="Plan for Establishing Uniformity in the Coinage, Weights, and Measures of the United States">Coinage, Weights, and Measures report</a> (1790)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Residence_Act" title="Residence Act">Residence Act</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Compromise_of_1790" title="Compromise of 1790">Compromise of 1790</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kentucky_and_Virginia_Resolutions" title="Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions">Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson%27s_Manual" title="Jefferson's Manual">A Manual of Parliamentary Practice</a> (1801)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_disk" title="Jefferson disk">Jefferson disk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swivel_chair" title="Swivel chair">Swivel chair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megalonyx" title="Megalonyx">Megalonyx</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jeffersonian_architecture" title="Jeffersonian architecture">Jeffersonian architecture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barboursville_(James_Barbour)" title="Barboursville (James Barbour)">Barboursville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farmington_(Albemarle_County,_Virginia)" title="Farmington (Albemarle County, Virginia)">Farmington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monticello" title="Monticello">Monticello</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gardens_of_Monticello" title="Gardens of Monticello">gardens</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poplar_Forest" title="Poplar Forest">Poplar Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Virginia#The_Grounds" title="University of Virginia">University of Virginia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Rotunda_(University_of_Virginia)" title="The Rotunda (University of Virginia)">The Rotunda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Lawn" title="The Lawn">The Lawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Hall" title="Jefferson Hall">Jefferson Hall</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_State_Capitol" title="Virginia State Capitol">Virginia State Capitol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House Colonnades</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other writings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Papers_of_Thomas_Jefferson" title="The Papers of Thomas Jefferson">The Papers of Thomas Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notes_on_the_State_of_Virginia" title="Notes on the State of Virginia">Notes on the State of Virginia</a> (1785)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proposals_for_concerted_operation_among_the_powers_at_war_with_the_Pyratical_states_of_Barbary" title="Proposals for concerted operation among the powers at war with the Pyratical states of Barbary">Pyratical states of Barbary proposals</a> (1786)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memorandums_taken_on_a_journey_from_Paris_into_the_southern_parts_of_France_and_Northern_Italy,_in_the_year_1787" title="Memorandums taken on a journey from Paris into the southern parts of France and Northern Italy, in the year 1787">European journey memorandums</a> (1787)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson_and_Native_Americans" title="Thomas Jefferson and Native Americans">Indian removal letters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Bible" title="Jefferson Bible">The Life and Morals of Jesus of Nazareth</a> (c. 1819)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Historical_Society#Collections" title="Massachusetts Historical Society">Jefferson manuscript collection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Founders_Online" title="Founders Online">Founders Online</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Enlightenment" title="American Enlightenment">American Enlightenment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson#American_Philosophical_Society" title="Thomas Jefferson">American Philosophical Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Founding_Fathers_of_the_United_States" title="Founding Fathers of the United States">Founding Fathers of the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_reputation_of_Thomas_Jefferson" title="Historical reputation of Thomas Jefferson">Historical reputation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson_and_education" title="Thomas Jefferson and education">Jefferson and education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_views_of_Thomas_Jefferson" title="Religious views of Thomas Jefferson">Religious views</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson_and_slavery" title="Thomas Jefferson and slavery">Jefferson and slavery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress#History" title="Library of Congress">Jefferson and the Library of Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Pier" title="Jefferson Pier">Jefferson Pier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_the_Mockingbird" title="Dick the Mockingbird">Pet mockingbird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Gazette" title="National Gazette">National Gazette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sally_Hemings" title="Sally Hemings">Sally Hemings</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson%E2%80%93Hemings_controversy" title="Jefferson–Hemings controversy">Jefferson–Hemings controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betty_Hemings" title="Betty Hemings">Betty Hemings</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States#Jefferson,_Madison,_and_the_"wall_of_separation"" title="Separation of church and state in the United States">Separation of church and state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tufton_Farm" title="Tufton Farm">Tufton Farm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor%27s_Palace_(Williamsburg,_Virginia)" title="Governor's Palace (Williamsburg, Virginia)">Governor's Palace (Williamsburg, Virginia)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_dynasty" title="Virginia dynasty">Virginia dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ward_republic" title="Ward republic">Ward republic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Presidential elections <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1796_United_States_presidential_election" title="1796 United States presidential election">1796</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1800_United_States_presidential_election" title="1800 United States presidential election">1800</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1804_United_States_presidential_election" title="1804 United States presidential election">1804</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legacy and <a href="/wiki/List_of_memorials_to_Thomas_Jefferson" title="List of memorials to Thomas Jefferson">memorials</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Thomas_Jefferson" title="Bibliography of Thomas Jefferson">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Memorial" title="Jefferson Memorial">Jefferson Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Rushmore" title="Mount Rushmore">Mount Rushmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson%27s_Birthday" title="Jefferson's Birthday">Birthday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson_Building" title="Thomas Jefferson Building">Thomas Jefferson Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_River" title="Jefferson River">Jefferson River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Territory" title="Jefferson Territory">Jefferson Territory</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jefferson Lecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gateway_Arch_National_Park" title="Gateway Arch National Park">Jefferson National Expansion Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson_Star_for_Foreign_Service" title="Thomas Jefferson Star for Foreign Service">Thomas Jefferson Star for Foreign Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_statues_of_Thomas_Jefferson" title="List of statues of Thomas Jefferson">Statues</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson_(Bitter)" title="Thomas Jefferson (Bitter)">Karl Bitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Monument_(Louisville,_Kentucky)" title="Jefferson Monument (Louisville, Kentucky)">Louisville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Thomas_Jefferson_(University_of_Virginia)" title="Statue of Thomas Jefferson (University of Virginia)">University of Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Thomas_Jefferson_(David_d%27Angers)" title="Statue of Thomas Jefferson (David d'Angers)">David d'Angers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Literary_and_Debating_Society" title="Jefferson Literary and Debating Society">Jefferson Literary and Debating Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson_Foundation" title="Thomas Jefferson Foundation">Thomas Jefferson Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson_National_Accelerator_Facility" title="Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility">Jefferson Lab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monticello_Association" title="Monticello Association">Monticello Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_City,_Missouri" title="Jefferson City, Missouri">Jefferson City, Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_%26_Jefferson_College" title="Washington & Jefferson College">Jefferson College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson_University" title="Thomas Jefferson University">Thomas Jefferson University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Washington_and_Jefferson_National_Forests" title="George Washington and Jefferson National Forests">Washington and Jefferson National Forests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_peaks_named_Mount_Jefferson" title="List of peaks named Mount Jefferson">Peaks and mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Rock" title="Jefferson Rock">Jefferson Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_memorials_to_Thomas_Jefferson" title="List of memorials to Thomas Jefferson">Other placenames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson%E2%80%93Jackson_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Jefferson–Jackson Day">Jefferson–Jackson Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_on_currency" title="List of presidents of the United States on currency">Currency depictions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_nickel" title="Jefferson nickel">Jefferson nickel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_two-dollar_bill" title="United States two-dollar bill">Two-dollar bill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Purchase_Exposition_gold_dollar" title="Louisiana Purchase Exposition gold dollar">Louisiana Purchase Exposition gold dollar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson_250th_Anniversary_silver_dollar" title="Thomas Jefferson 250th Anniversary silver dollar">250th Anniversary silver dollar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidents_of_the_United_States_on_U.S._postage_stamps#Thomas_Jefferson" title="Presidents of the United States on U.S. postage stamps">U.S. postage stamps</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cultural_depictions_of_Thomas_Jefferson" title="Cultural depictions of Thomas Jefferson">Cultural depictions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Patriots_(play)" title="The Patriots (play)">The Patriots</a> (1946 play)</li> <li>1776 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1776_(musical)" title="1776 (musical)">1969 musical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1776_(film)" title="1776 (film)">1972 film</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_in_Paris" title="Jefferson in Paris">Jefferson in Paris</a> (1995 film)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson_(film)" title="Thomas Jefferson (film)">Thomas Jefferson</a> (1997 film)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Adams_(miniseries)" title="John Adams (miniseries)">John Adams</a> (2008 miniseries)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson%27s_Garden" title="Jefferson's Garden">Jefferson's Garden</a> (2015 play)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton_(musical)" title="Hamilton (musical)">Hamilton</a> (2015 musical)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardy_Rodenstock" title="Hardy Rodenstock">Wine bottles controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_depictions_of_Sally_Hemings" title="Cultural depictions of Sally Hemings">Cultural depictions of Sally Hemings</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Jefferson" title="Martha Jefferson">Martha Jefferson</a> (wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Jefferson_Randolph" title="Martha Jefferson Randolph">Martha Jefferson Randolph</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Jefferson_Eppes" title="Mary Jefferson Eppes">Mary Jefferson Eppes</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Hemings" title="Harriet Hemings">Harriet Hemings</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_Hemings" title="Madison Hemings">Madison Hemings</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eston_Hemings" title="Eston Hemings">Eston Hemings</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson_Randolph" title="Thomas Jefferson Randolph">Thomas J. Randolph</a> (grandson)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Randolph" title="George W. Randolph">George W. Randolph</a> (grandson)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellen_Randolph_Coolidge" title="Ellen Randolph Coolidge">Ellen Randolph Coolidge</a> (granddaughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelia_Jefferson_Randolph" title="Cornelia Jefferson Randolph">Cornelia Jefferson Randolph</a> (granddaughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_W._Eppes" title="Francis W. Eppes">Francis Eppes</a> (grandson)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Wayles_Jefferson" title="John Wayles Jefferson">John Wayles Jefferson</a> (grandson)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_N._Randolph" title="Sarah N. Randolph">Sarah N. Randolph</a> (great-granddaughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._Jefferson_Coolidge" title="T. Jefferson Coolidge">T. Jefferson Coolidge</a> (great-grandson)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Madison_Roberts" title="Frederick Madison Roberts">Frederick Madison Roberts</a> (great-grandson)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Jefferson" title="Peter Jefferson">Peter Jefferson</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Randolph_Jefferson" title="Jane Randolph Jefferson">Jane Randolph Jefferson</a> (mother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucy_Jefferson_Lewis" title="Lucy Jefferson Lewis">Lucy Jefferson Lewis</a> (sister)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randolph_Jefferson" title="Randolph Jefferson">Randolph Jefferson</a> (brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Carr_(Virginia_politician)" title="Peter Carr (Virginia politician)">Peter Carr</a> (nephew)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Carr_(politician)" title="Samuel Carr (politician)">Samuel Carr</a> (nephew)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dabney_Carr" title="Dabney Carr">Dabney Carr</a> (nephew)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dabney_S._Carr" title="Dabney S. Carr">Dabney S. Carr</a> (grand-nephew)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isham_Randolph_of_Dungeness" title="Isham Randolph of Dungeness">Isham Randolph</a> (grandfather)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Randolph" title="William Randolph">William Randolph</a> (great-grandfather)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Soane" title="Henry Soane">Henry Soane</a> (2nd great-grandfather)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams">← John Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Madison" title="James Madison">James Madison →</a></li></ul> <ul><li>← John Adams</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Burr" title="Aaron Burr">Aaron Burr →</a></li></ul> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Thomas_Jefferson" title="Category:Thomas Jefferson">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jefferson_Lecture&oldid=1249598001">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jefferson_Lecture&oldid=1249598001</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lecture_series" title="Category:Lecture series">Lecture series</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_awards" title="Category:American awards">American awards</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Humanities_awards" title="Category:Humanities awards">Humanities awards</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Recurring_events_established_in_1972" title="Category:Recurring events established in 1972">Recurring events established in 1972</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1972_establishments_in_Washington,_D.C." title="Category:1972 establishments in Washington, D.C.">1972 establishments in Washington, D.C.</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:National_Endowment_for_the_Humanities" title="Category:National Endowment for the Humanities">National Endowment for the Humanities</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Humanities_education" title="Category:Humanities education">Humanities education</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 5 October 2024, at 19:37 (UTC).</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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