CINXE.COM
"God and the Initial Cosmological Singularity: A Reply to Quentin Smith" by William Lane Craig
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head><!-- inj yui3-seed: --><script type='text/javascript' src='//cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/yui/3.6.0/yui/yui-min.js'></script><script type='text/javascript' src='//ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.10.2/jquery.min.js'></script><!-- Adobe Analytics --><script type='text/javascript' src='https://assets.adobedtm.com/4a848ae9611a/d0e96722185b/launch-d525bb0064d8.min.js'></script><script type='text/javascript' src=/assets/nr_browser_production.js></script> <!-- def.1 --> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width"> <title> "God and the Initial Cosmological Singularity: A Reply to Quentin Smith" by William Lane Craig </title> <!-- FILE article_meta-tags.inc --><!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/article_meta-tags.inc --> <meta itemprop="name" content="God and the Initial Cosmological Singularity: A Reply to Quentin Smith"> <meta property="og:title" content="God and the Initial Cosmological Singularity: A Reply to Quentin Smith"> <meta name="twitter:title" content="God and the Initial Cosmological Singularity: A Reply to Quentin Smith"> <meta property="article:author" content="William Lane Craig"> <meta name="author" content="William Lane Craig"> <meta name="robots" content="noodp, noydir"> <meta name="description" content="By William Lane Craig, Published on 04/01/92"> <meta itemprop="description" content="By William Lane Craig, Published on 04/01/92"> <meta name="twitter:description" content="By William Lane Craig, Published on 04/01/92"> <meta property="og:description" content="By William Lane Craig, Published on 04/01/92"> <meta name="bepress_citation_journal_title" content="Faith and Philosophy: Journal of the Society of Christian Philosophers"> <meta name="bepress_citation_firstpage" content="238"> <meta name="bepress_citation_lastpage" content="248"> <meta name="bepress_citation_author" content="Craig, William Lane"> <meta name="bepress_citation_title" content="God and the Initial Cosmological Singularity: A Reply to Quentin Smith"> <meta name="bepress_citation_date" content="1992"> <meta name="bepress_citation_volume" content="9"> <meta name="bepress_citation_issue" content="2"> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_download_link.inc --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/article_meta-tags.inc (cont) --> <meta name="bepress_citation_pdf_url" content="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1368&context=faithandphilosophy"> <meta name="bepress_citation_abstract_html_url" content="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol9/iss2/7"> <meta name="bepress_citation_doi" content="10.5840/faithphil19929217"> <meta name="bepress_citation_issn" content="0739-7046"> <meta name="bepress_citation_online_date" content="2018/12/26"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width"> <!-- Additional Twitter data --> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary"> <!-- Additional Open Graph data --> <meta property="og:type" content="article"> <meta property="og:url" content="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol9/iss2/7"> <meta property="og:site_name" content="ePLACE: preserving, learning, and creative exchange"> <!-- Amplitude --> <script type="text/javascript"> (function(e,t){var n=e.amplitude||{_q:[],_iq:{}};var r=t.createElement("script") ;r.type="text/javascript";r.async=true ;r.src="https://cdn.amplitude.com/libs/amplitude-4.5.2-min.gz.js" ;r.integrity="5ceGNbvkytO+PTI82JRl6GwJjVCw6k79kP4le5L5/m0Zny1P7taAF6YVvC4z4Pgj" ;r.onload=function(){if(e.amplitude.runQueuedFunctions){ e.amplitude.runQueuedFunctions()}else{ console.log("[Amplitude] Error: could not load SDK")}} ;var i=t.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];i.parentNode.insertBefore(r,i) ;function s(e,t){e.prototype[t]=function(){ this._q.push([t].concat(Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments,0)));return this}} var o=function(){this._q=[];return this} ;var a=["add","append","clearAll","prepend","set","setOnce","unset"] ;for(var u=0;u<a.length;u++){s(o,a[u])}n.Identify=o;var c=function(){this._q=[] ;return this} ;var l=["setProductId","setQuantity","setPrice","setRevenueType","setEventProperties"] ;for(var p=0;p<l.length;p++){s(c,l[p])}n.Revenue=c ;var d=["init","logEvent","logRevenue","setUserId","setUserProperties","setOptOut","setVersionName","setDomain","setDeviceId","setGlobalUserProperties","identify","clearUserProperties","setGroup","logRevenueV2","regenerateDeviceId","groupIdentify","logEventWithTimestamp","logEventWithGroups","setSessionId","resetSessionId"] ;function v(e){function t(t){e[t]=function(){ e._q.push([t].concat(Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments,0)))}} for(var n=0;n<d.length;n++){t(d[n])}}v(n);n.getInstance=function(e){ e=(!e||e.length===0?"$default_instance":e).toLowerCase() ;if(!n._iq.hasOwnProperty(e)){n._iq[e]={_q:[]};v(n._iq[e])}return n._iq[e]} ;e.amplitude=n})(window,document); amplitude.getInstance().init("1d890e80ea7a0ccc43c2b06438458f50"); </script> <!-- FILE: article_meta-tags.inc (cont) --> <meta name="bepress_is_article_cover_page" content="1"> <!-- sh.1 --> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/faithandphilosophy/ir-journal-style.css" type="text/css" media="screen"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Faith and Philosophy Newsfeed" href="/faithandphilosophy/recent.rss"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon"> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="/assets/floatbox/floatbox.css"> <script type="text/javascript" src="/assets/jsUtilities.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/assets/footnoteLinks.js"></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/ir-print.css" type="text/css" media="print"> <!--[if IE]> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/ir-ie.css" type="text/css" media="screen"> <![endif]--> <!-- end sh.1 --> <script type="text/javascript">var pageData = {"page":{"environment":"prod","productName":"bpdg","language":"en","name":"ir_journal:volume:issue:article","businessUnit":"els:rp:st"},"visitor":{}};</script> </head> <body > <!-- FILE /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/header.pregen --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/header_custom.inc --><!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/mobile_nav.inc --><!--[if !IE]>--> <script src="/assets/scripts/dc-mobile/dc-responsive-nav.js"></script> <header id="mobile-nav" class="nav-down device-fixed-height" style="visibility: hidden;"> <nav class="nav-collapse"> <ul> <li class="menu-item active device-fixed-width"><a href="https://place.asburyseminary.edu" title="Home" data-scroll >Home</a></li> <li class="menu-item device-fixed-width"><a href="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/do/search/advanced/" title="Search" data-scroll ><i class="icon-search"></i> Search</a></li> <li class="menu-item device-fixed-width"><a href="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/communities.html" title="Browse" data-scroll >Browse Collections</a></li> <li class="menu-item device-fixed-width"><a href="/cgi/myaccount.cgi?context=" title="My Account" data-scroll >My Account</a></li> <li class="menu-item device-fixed-width"><a href="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/about.html" title="About" data-scroll >About</a></li> <li class="menu-item device-fixed-width"><a href="https://network.bepress.com" title="Digital Commons Network" data-scroll ><img width="16" height="16" alt="DC Network" style="vertical-align:top;" src="/assets/md5images/8e240588cf8cd3a028768d4294acd7d3.png"> Digital Commons Network™</a></li> </ul> </nav> </header> <script src="/assets/scripts/dc-mobile/dc-mobile-nav.js"></script> <!--<![endif]--> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/header_custom.inc (cont) --> <div id="faithandphilosophy"> <div id="container"> <a href="#main" class="skiplink" accesskey="2" >Skip to main content</a> <div id="navigation"> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_navigation.inc --> <div id="tabs" role="navigation" aria-label="Main"><ul><li id="tabfour"><a href="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy" title="Home" ><span>Home</span></a></li><li id="tabthree"><a href="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/about.html" title="About" ><span>About</span></a></li><li id="tabtwo"><a href="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/aimsandscope.html" title="Policies" ><span>Policies</span></a></li><li id="tabone"><a href="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/cgi/myaccount.cgi?context=" title="My Account" ><span>My Account</span></a></li></ul></div> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/header_custom.inc (cont) --> </div> <div id="header"> <a href="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy" id="banner_link" title="Faith and Philosophy: Journal of the Society of Christian Philosophers" > <img id="banner_image" alt="Faith and Philosophy: Journal of the Society of Christian Philosophers" width='1944' height='311' src="/assets/md5images/09b855a4e4bbe335fafc0b0fc675004e.png"> </a> </div> <div id="wrapper"> <div id="content"> <div id="main" class="text"> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/ir_breadcrumb.inc --> <ul id="pager"> <li> </li> <li> </li> </ul> <div class="crumbs" role="navigation" aria-label="Breadcrumb"> <p> <a href="https://place.asburyseminary.edu" class="ignore" >Home</a> <span aria-hidden="true">></span> <a href="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/firstfruits" class="ignore" >First Fruits</a> <span aria-hidden="true">></span> <a href="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/firstfruitsjournals" class="ignore" >Journals</a> <span aria-hidden="true">></span> <a href="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy" class="ignore" >Faith and Philosophy</a> <span aria-hidden="true">></span> <a href="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol9" class="ignore" >Vol. 9 (1992)</a> <span aria-hidden="true">></span> <a href="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol9/iss2" class="ignore" >Iss. 2</a> </p> </div> <div class="clear"> </div> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/header_custom.inc (cont) --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/volume/issue/ir_journal_logo.inc --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/header_custom.inc (cont) --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/header.pregen (cont) --> <script type="text/javascript" src="/assets/floatbox/floatbox.js"></script> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/article_info.inc --><!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/openurl.inc --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/article_info.inc (cont) --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_download_link.inc --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/article_info.inc (cont) --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/ir_article_header.inc --><div id="sub"> <div id="alpha"><!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/article_info.inc (cont) --><div id='title' class='element'> <h1><a href='https://place.asburyseminary.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1368&context=faithandphilosophy'>God and the Initial Cosmological Singularity: A Reply to Quentin Smith</a></h1> </div> <div class='clear'></div> <div id='authors' class='element'> <h2 class='visually-hidden'>Authors</h2> <p class="author"><a href='https://place.asburyseminary.edu/do/search/?q=author%3A%22William%20Lane%20Craig%22&start=0&context=2435816'><strong>William Lane Craig</strong></a><br /> </p></div> <div class='clear'></div> <div id='publication_date' class='element'> <h2 class='field-heading'>Publication Date</h2> <p>4-1-1992</p> </div> <div class='clear'></div> <div id='document_type' class='element'> <h2 class='field-heading'>Document Type</h2> <p>Article</p> </div> <div class='clear'></div> <div id='fpage' class='element'> <h2 class='field-heading'>First Page</h2> <p>238</p> </div> <div class='clear'></div> <div id='lpage' class='element'> <h2 class='field-heading'>Last Page</h2> <p>248</p> </div> <div class='clear'></div> <div id='doi' class='element'> <h2 class='field-heading'>DOI</h2> <p>10.5840/faithphil19929217</p> </div> <div class='clear'></div> <div id='recommended_citation' class='element'> <h2 class='field-heading'>Recommended Citation</h2> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/ir_citation.inc --> <p class="citation"> Craig, William Lane (1992) "God and the Initial Cosmological Singularity: A Reply to Quentin Smith," <em>Faith and Philosophy: Journal of the Society of Christian Philosophers</em>: Vol. 9: Iss. 2, Article 7. <br> DOI: 10.5840/faithphil19929217 <br> Available at: https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol9/iss2/7</p> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/article_info.inc (cont) --></div> <div class='clear'></div> </div> </div> <div id='beta_7-3'> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/info_box_7_3.inc --><!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/openurl.inc --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/info_box_7_3.inc (cont) --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_download_link.inc --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/info_box_7_3.inc (cont) --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/info_box_download_button.inc --><div class="aside download-button"> <a id="pdf" class="btn" href="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1368&context=faithandphilosophy" title="PDF (218 KB) opens in new window" target="_blank" > <i class="icon-download-alt" aria-hidden="true"></i> Download </a> </div> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/info_box_7_3.inc (cont) --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/info_box_embargo.inc --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/info_box_7_3.inc (cont) --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/info_box_custom_upper.inc --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/info_box_7_3.inc (cont) --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/info_box_openurl.inc --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/info_box_7_3.inc (cont) --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/info_box_article_metrics.inc --> <div id="article-stats" class="aside hidden"> <p class="article-downloads-wrapper hidden"><span id="article-downloads"></span> DOWNLOADS</p> <p class="article-stats-date hidden">Since December 26, 2018</p> <p class="article-plum-metrics"> <a href="https://plu.mx/plum/a/?repo_url=https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol9/iss2/7" class="plumx-plum-print-popup plum-bigben-theme" data-badge="true" data-hide-when-empty="true" ></a> </p> </div> <script type="text/javascript" src="//cdn.plu.mx/widget-popup.js"></script> <!-- Article Download Counts --> <script type="text/javascript" src="/assets/scripts/article-downloads.pack.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> insertDownloads(13537735); </script> <!-- Add border to Plum badge & download counts when visible --> <script> // bind to event when PlumX widget loads jQuery('body').bind('plum:widget-load', function(e){ // if Plum badge is visible if (jQuery('.PlumX-Popup').length) { // remove 'hidden' class jQuery('#article-stats').removeClass('hidden'); jQuery('.article-stats-date').addClass('plum-border'); } }); // bind to event when page loads jQuery(window).bind('load',function(e){ // if DC downloads are visible if (jQuery('#article-downloads').text().length > 0) { // add border to aside jQuery('#article-stats').removeClass('hidden'); } }); </script> <!-- Amplitude Event Tracking --> <script> $(function() { // This is the handler for Plum popup engagement on mouseover $("#article-stats").on("mouseover", "a.plx-wrapping-print-link", function(event) { // Send the event to Amplitude amplitude.getInstance().logEvent("plumPopupMouseover"); }); // This is the handler for Plum badge and 'see details' link clickthrough $("#article-stats").on("click", "div.ppp-container.ppp-small.ppp-badge", function(event) { // Send the event to Amplitude amplitude.getInstance().logEvent("plumDetailsClick"); }); // This is the handler for AddThis link clickthrough $(".addthis_toolbox").on("click", "a", function(event) { // Send the event to Amplitude amplitude.getInstance().logEvent("addThisClick"); }); // This is the handler for AddThis link clickthrough $(".aside.download-button").on("click", "a", function(event) { // Send the event to Amplitude amplitude.getInstance().logEvent("downloadClick"); }); }); </script> <!-- Adobe Analytics: Download Click Tracker --> <script> $(function() { // Download button click event tracker for PDFs $(".aside.download-button").on("click", "a#pdf", function(event) { pageDataTracker.trackEvent('navigationClick', { link: { location: 'aside download-button', name: 'pdf' } }); }); // Download button click event tracker for native files $(".aside.download-button").on("click", "a#native", function(event) { pageDataTracker.trackEvent('navigationClick', { link: { location: 'aside download-button', name: 'native' } }); }); }); </script> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/info_box_7_3.inc (cont) --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/info_box_disciplines.inc --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/info_box_7_3.inc (cont) --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/bookmark_widget.inc --> <div id="share" class="aside"> <h2>Share</h2> <div class="a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_24 a2a_default_style"> <a class="a2a_button_facebook"></a> <a class="a2a_button_linkedin"></a> <a class="a2a_button_whatsapp"></a> <a class="a2a_button_email"></a> <a class="a2a_dd"></a> <script async src="https://static.addtoany.com/menu/page.js"></script> </div> </div> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/info_box_7_3.inc (cont) --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/info_box_geolocate.inc --><!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_geolocate_enabled_and_displayed.inc --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/info_box_geolocate.inc (cont) --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/info_box_7_3.inc (cont) --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/zotero_coins.inc --> <span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fplace.asburyseminary.edu%2Ffaithandphilosophy%2Fvol9%2Fiss2%2F7&rft.atitle=God%20and%20the%20Initial%20Cosmological%20Singularity%3A%20A%20Reply%20to%20Quentin%20Smith&rft.aufirst=William&rft.aulast=Craig&rft.jtitle=Faith%20and%20Philosophy%3A%20Journal%20of%20the%20Society%20of%20Christian%20Philosophers&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=2&rft.issn=0739-7046&rft.spage=238&rft.epage=248&rft.date=1992-04-01&rft_id=info:doi/10.5840%2Ffaithphil19929217">COinS</span> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/info_box_7_3.inc (cont) --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/info_box_custom_lower.inc --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/info_box_7_3.inc (cont) --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/article_info.inc (cont) --></div> <div class='clear'> </div> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/ir_article_custom_fields.inc --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/article_info.inc (cont) --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_display_pdf.inc --> <div class='clear'> </div> <div id="display-pdf"> <object type='application/pdf' data='https://place.asburyseminary.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1368&context=faithandphilosophy#toolbar=0&navpanes=0&scrollbar=1' width='660' height='460'> <div id="message"> <p>To view the content in your browser, please <a href="https://get.adobe.com/reader/" title="Adobe - Adobe Reader download" >download Adobe Reader</a> or, alternately, <br> you may <a href="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1368&context=faithandphilosophy" >Download</a> the file to your hard drive.</p> <p> NOTE: The latest versions of Adobe Reader do not support viewing <acronym title="Portable Document Format">PDF</acronym> files within Firefox on Mac OS and if you are using a modern (Intel) Mac, there is no official plugin for viewing <acronym title="Portable Document Format">PDF</acronym> files within the browser window. </p> </object> </div> <div class='clear'> </div> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/article_info.inc (cont) --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/volume/issue/article/index.html (cont) --> <!-- FILE /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/footer.pregen --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/footer_custom_7_8.inc --> </div> <div class="verticalalign"> </div> <div class="clear"> </div> </div> <div id="sidebar"> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/ir_journal_sidebar_7_8.inc --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/journals/place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/assets/ir_journal_sidebar_links_7_8.inc --><ul class="sb-custom-journal"> <li class="sb-home"> <a href="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy" title="Faith and Philosophy: Journal of the Society of Christian Philosophers" accesskey="1" > Journal Home </a> </li> <li class="sb-about"> <a href="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/about.html" > About This Journal </a> </li> <li class="sb-aims"> <a href="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/aimsandscope.html" > Aims, Scope, and Policies </a> </li> <li class="sb-ed-board"> <a href="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/editorialboard.html" > Editorial Board </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/patrons.html" > Patrons of the Journal </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/supportfp.html" > Support Faith and Philosophy </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="sb-custom-journal" id="sb-custom-submit-links"> <li> <a href="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/submitarticle.html" > Submit Article </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/submitbook.html" > Submit Book for Review </a> </li> </ul><!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/ir_journal_sidebar_7_8.inc (cont) --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/urc_badge.inc --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/ir_journal_sidebar_7_8.inc (cont) --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/ir_journal_navcontainer_7_8.inc --><div id="navcontainer"> <ul id="navlist"> <li class="sb-rss"> <a href="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/announcements.html" title="Receive notifications of new content" > Receive Email Notices or RSS </a> </li> </ul> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/ir_journal_special_issue_7_8.inc --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/ir_journal_navcontainer_7_8.inc (cont) --> </div><!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/ir_journal_sidebar_7_8.inc (cont) --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/ir_journal_sidebar_search_7_8.inc --><div class="sidebar-search"> <form method="post" action="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/cgi/redirect.cgi" id="browse"> <label for="url"> Select an issue: </label> <br> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/ir_journal_volume_issue_popup_7_8.inc --><div> <span class="border"> <select name="url" id="url"> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/all_issues.html"> All Issues </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol40/iss2"> Vol. 40, Iss. 2 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol40/iss1"> Vol. 40, Iss. 1 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol39/iss4"> Vol. 39, Iss. 4 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol39/iss3"> Vol. 39, Iss. 3 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol39/iss2"> Vol. 39, Iss. 2 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol39/iss1"> Vol. 39, Iss. 1 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol38/iss4"> Vol. 38, Iss. 4 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol38/iss3"> Vol. 38, Iss. 3 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol38/iss2"> Vol. 38, Iss. 2 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol38/iss1"> Vol. 38, Iss. 1 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol37/iss4"> Vol. 37, Iss. 4 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol37/iss3"> Vol. 37, Iss. 3 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol37/iss2"> Vol. 37, Iss. 2 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol37/iss1"> Vol. 37, Iss. 1 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol36/iss4"> Vol. 36, Iss. 4 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol36/iss3"> Vol. 36, Iss. 3 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol36/iss2"> Vol. 36, Iss. 2 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol36/iss1"> Vol. 36, Iss. 1 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol35/iss4"> Vol. 35, Iss. 4 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol35/iss3"> Vol. 35, Iss. 3 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol35/iss2"> Vol. 35, Iss. 2 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol35/iss1"> Vol. 35, Iss. 1 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol34/iss4"> Vol. 34, Iss. 4 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol34/iss3"> Vol. 34, Iss. 3 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol34/iss2"> Vol. 34, Iss. 2 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol34/iss1"> Vol. 34, Iss. 1 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol33/iss4"> Vol. 33, Iss. 4 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol33/iss3"> Vol. 33, Iss. 3 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol33/iss2"> Vol. 33, Iss. 2 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol33/iss1"> Vol. 33, Iss. 1 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol32/iss4"> Vol. 32, Iss. 4 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol32/iss3"> Vol. 32, Iss. 3 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol32/iss2"> Vol. 32, Iss. 2 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol32/iss1"> Vol. 32, Iss. 1 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol31/iss4"> Vol. 31, Iss. 4 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol31/iss3"> Vol. 31, Iss. 3 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol31/iss2"> Vol. 31, Iss. 2 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol31/iss1"> Vol. 31, Iss. 1 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol30/iss4"> Vol. 30, Iss. 4 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol30/iss3"> Vol. 30, Iss. 3 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol30/iss2"> Vol. 30, Iss. 2 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol30/iss1"> Vol. 30, Iss. 1 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol29/iss4"> Vol. 29, Iss. 4 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol29/iss3"> Vol. 29, Iss. 3 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol29/iss2"> Vol. 29, Iss. 2 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol29/iss1"> Vol. 29, Iss. 1 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol28/iss4"> Vol. 28, Iss. 4 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol28/iss3"> Vol. 28, Iss. 3 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol28/iss2"> Vol. 28, Iss. 2 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol28/iss1"> Vol. 28, Iss. 1 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol27/iss4"> Vol. 27, Iss. 4 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol27/iss3"> Vol. 27, Iss. 3 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol27/iss2"> Vol. 27, Iss. 2 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol27/iss1"> Vol. 27, Iss. 1 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol26/iss5"> Vol. 26, Iss. 5 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol26/iss4"> Vol. 26, Iss. 4 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol26/iss3"> Vol. 26, Iss. 3 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol26/iss2"> Vol. 26, Iss. 2 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol26/iss1"> Vol. 26, Iss. 1 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol25/iss4"> Vol. 25, Iss. 4 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol25/iss3"> Vol. 25, Iss. 3 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol25/iss2"> Vol. 25, Iss. 2 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol25/iss1"> Vol. 25, Iss. 1 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol24/iss4"> Vol. 24, Iss. 4 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol24/iss3"> Vol. 24, Iss. 3 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol24/iss2"> Vol. 24, Iss. 2 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol24/iss1"> Vol. 24, Iss. 1 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol23/iss4"> Vol. 23, Iss. 4 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol23/iss3"> Vol. 23, Iss. 3 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol23/iss2"> Vol. 23, Iss. 2 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol23/iss1"> Vol. 23, Iss. 1 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol22/iss5"> Vol. 22, Iss. 5 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol22/iss4"> Vol. 22, Iss. 4 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol22/iss3"> Vol. 22, Iss. 3 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol22/iss2"> Vol. 22, Iss. 2 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol22/iss1"> Vol. 22, Iss. 1 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol21/iss4"> Vol. 21, Iss. 4 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol21/iss3"> Vol. 21, Iss. 3 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol21/iss2"> Vol. 21, Iss. 2 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol21/iss1"> Vol. 21, Iss. 1 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol20/iss4"> Vol. 20, Iss. 4 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol20/iss3"> Vol. 20, Iss. 3 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol20/iss2"> Vol. 20, Iss. 2 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol20/iss1"> Vol. 20, Iss. 1 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol19/iss4"> Vol. 19, Iss. 4 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol19/iss3"> Vol. 19, Iss. 3 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol19/iss2"> Vol. 19, Iss. 2 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol19/iss1"> Vol. 19, Iss. 1 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol18/iss4"> Vol. 18, Iss. 4 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol18/iss3"> Vol. 18, Iss. 3 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol18/iss2"> Vol. 18, Iss. 2 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol18/iss1"> Vol. 18, Iss. 1 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol17/iss4"> Vol. 17, Iss. 4 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol17/iss3"> Vol. 17, Iss. 3 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol17/iss2"> Vol. 17, Iss. 2 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol17/iss1"> Vol. 17, Iss. 1 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol16/iss4"> Vol. 16, Iss. 4 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol16/iss3"> Vol. 16, Iss. 3 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol16/iss2"> Vol. 16, Iss. 2 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol16/iss1"> Vol. 16, Iss. 1 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol15/iss4"> Vol. 15, Iss. 4 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol15/iss3"> Vol. 15, Iss. 3 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol15/iss2"> Vol. 15, Iss. 2 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol15/iss1"> Vol. 15, Iss. 1 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol14/iss4"> Vol. 14, Iss. 4 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol14/iss3"> Vol. 14, Iss. 3 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol14/iss2"> Vol. 14, Iss. 2 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol14/iss1"> Vol. 14, Iss. 1 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol13/iss4"> Vol. 13, Iss. 4 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol13/iss3"> Vol. 13, Iss. 3 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol13/iss2"> Vol. 13, Iss. 2 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol13/iss1"> Vol. 13, Iss. 1 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol12/iss4"> Vol. 12, Iss. 4 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol12/iss3"> Vol. 12, Iss. 3 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol12/iss2"> Vol. 12, Iss. 2 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol12/iss1"> Vol. 12, Iss. 1 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol11/iss4"> Vol. 11, Iss. 4 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol11/iss3"> Vol. 11, Iss. 3 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol11/iss2"> Vol. 11, Iss. 2 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol11/iss1"> Vol. 11, Iss. 1 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol10/iss4"> Vol. 10, Iss. 4 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol10/iss3"> Vol. 10, Iss. 3 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol10/iss2"> Vol. 10, Iss. 2 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol10/iss1"> Vol. 10, Iss. 1 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol9/iss4"> Vol. 9, Iss. 4 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol9/iss3"> Vol. 9, Iss. 3 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol9/iss2"> Vol. 9, Iss. 2 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol9/iss1"> Vol. 9, Iss. 1 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol8/iss4"> Vol. 8, Iss. 4 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol8/iss3"> Vol. 8, Iss. 3 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol8/iss2"> Vol. 8, Iss. 2 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol8/iss1"> Vol. 8, Iss. 1 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol7/iss4"> Vol. 7, Iss. 4 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol7/iss3"> Vol. 7, Iss. 3 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol7/iss2"> Vol. 7, Iss. 2 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol7/iss1"> Vol. 7, Iss. 1 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol6/iss4"> Vol. 6, Iss. 4 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol6/iss3"> Vol. 6, Iss. 3 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol6/iss2"> Vol. 6, Iss. 2 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol6/iss1"> Vol. 6, Iss. 1 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol5/iss4"> Vol. 5, Iss. 4 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol5/iss3"> Vol. 5, Iss. 3 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol5/iss2"> Vol. 5, Iss. 2 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol5/iss1"> Vol. 5, Iss. 1 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol4/iss4"> Vol. 4, Iss. 4 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol4/iss3"> Vol. 4, Iss. 3 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol4/iss2"> Vol. 4, Iss. 2 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol4/iss1"> Vol. 4, Iss. 1 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol3/iss4"> Vol. 3, Iss. 4 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol3/iss3"> Vol. 3, Iss. 3 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol3/iss2"> Vol. 3, Iss. 2 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol3/iss1"> Vol. 3, Iss. 1 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol2/iss4"> Vol. 2, Iss. 4 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol2/iss3"> Vol. 2, Iss. 3 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol2/iss2"> Vol. 2, Iss. 2 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol2/iss1"> Vol. 2, Iss. 1 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol1/iss4"> Vol. 1, Iss. 4 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol1/iss3"> Vol. 1, Iss. 3 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol1/iss2"> Vol. 1, Iss. 2 </option> <option value="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol1/iss1"> Vol. 1, Iss. 1 </option> </select> <input type="submit" value="Browse" class="searchbutton" style="font-size:11px;"> </span> </div> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/ir_journal_sidebar_search_7_8.inc (cont) --> <div style="clear:left;"> </div> </form> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_sidebar_search_7_8.inc --><h2>Search</h2> <form method='get' action='https://place.asburyseminary.edu/do/search/' id="sidebar-search"> <label for="search" accesskey="4"> Enter search terms: </label> <div> <span class="border"> <input type="text" name='q' class="search" id="search"> </span> <input type="submit" value="Search" class="searchbutton" style="font-size:11px;"> </div> <label for="context" class="visually-hidden"> Select context to search: </label> <div> <span class="border"> <select name="fq" id="context"> <option value='virtual_ancestor_link:"https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy"'>in this journal</option> <option value='virtual_ancestor_link:"https://place.asburyseminary.edu"'>in this repository</option> <option value='virtual_ancestor_link:"http:/"'>across all repositories</option> </select> </span> </div> </form> <p class="advanced"> <a href="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/do/search/advanced/?fq=virtual_ancestor_link:%22https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy%22" > Advanced Search </a> </p> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/ir_journal_sidebar_search_7_8.inc (cont) --> </div> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/ir_journal_sidebar_7_8.inc (cont) --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/ir_journal_issn_7_8.inc --> <div id="issn"> <p class="sb-issn">ISSN: 0739-7046</p> </div> <div class="clear"> </div> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/ir_journal_sidebar_7_8.inc (cont) --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/ir_journal_custom_lower_7_8.inc --><!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/ir_journal_sidebar_7_8.inc (cont) --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/ir_custom_sidebar_images.inc --><!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/ir_journal_sidebar_7_8.inc (cont) --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_sidebar_geolocate.inc --><!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_geolocate_enabled_and_displayed.inc --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_sidebar_geolocate.inc (cont) --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/ir_journal_sidebar_7_8.inc (cont) --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/ir_journal_custom_lowest_7_8.inc --><!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/ir_journal_sidebar_7_8.inc (cont) --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/footer_custom_7_8.inc (cont) --> <div class="verticalalign"> </div> </div> </div> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/ir_journal_footer_content.inc --><div id="footer" role="contentinfo"> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_bepress_logo.inc --><div id="bepress"> <a href="https://www.elsevier.com/solutions/digital-commons" title="Elsevier - Digital Commons" > <em>Elsevier - Digital Commons</em> </a> </div> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/ir_journal_footer_content.inc (cont) --> <p> <a href="https://place.asburyseminary.edu" title="Home page" accesskey="1" >Home</a> | <a href="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/about.html" title="About" >About</a> | <a href="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faq.html" title="FAQ" >FAQ</a> | <a href="/cgi/myaccount.cgi?context=" title="My Account Page" accesskey="3" >My Account</a> | <a href="https://place.asburyseminary.edu/accessibility.html" title="Accessibility Statement" accesskey="0" >Accessibility Statement</a> </p> <p> <a class="secondary-link" href="https://www.bepress.com/privacy" title="Privacy Policy" >Privacy</a> <a class="secondary-link" href="https://www.bepress.com/copyright" title="Copyright Policy" >Copyright</a> </p> </div> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/footer_custom_7_8.inc (cont) --> </div> </div> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/place.asburyseminary.edu/assets/ir_analytics.inc --><!-- Google tag (gtag.js) --> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-K8PQZ5SWH8"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-K8PQZ5SWH8'); </script><!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/footer_custom_7_8.inc (cont) --> <!-- FILE: /srv/sequoia/main/data/assets/site/ir_journal/footer.pregen (cont) --> <script type='text/javascript' src='/assets/scripts/bpbootstrap-20160726.pack.js'></script><script type='text/javascript'>BPBootstrap.init({appendCookie:''})</script></body></html>