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vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Sadržaj</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">premjesti</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Početak</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Kontekst" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kontekst"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Kontekst</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kontekst-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Srednjovjekovno_školstvo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Srednjovjekovno_školstvo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Srednjovjekovno školstvo</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Srednjovjekovno_školstvo-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Sadržaj cjeline Srednjovjekovno školstvo</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Srednjovjekovno_školstvo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Metoda" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Metoda"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Metoda</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Metoda-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Auktori" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Auktori"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1</span> <span>Auktori</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Auktori-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Podjela_po_razdobljima" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Podjela_po_razdobljima"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Podjela po razdobljima</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Podjela_po_razdobljima-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Predstavnici" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Predstavnici"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Predstavnici</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Predstavnici-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Sadržaj cjeline Predstavnici</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Predstavnici-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Rana_skolastika" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rana_skolastika"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Rana skolastika</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rana_skolastika-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Najznačajniji_predstavnici" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Najznačajniji_predstavnici"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.1</span> <span>Najznačajniji predstavnici</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Najznačajniji_predstavnici-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zrela_skolastika" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zrela_skolastika"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Zrela skolastika</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zrela_skolastika-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Najznačajniji_predstavnici_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Najznačajniji_predstavnici_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.1</span> <span>Najznačajniji predstavnici</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Najznačajniji_predstavnici_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kasna_skolastika" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kasna_skolastika"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Kasna skolastika</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kasna_skolastika-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Najznačajniji_predstavnici_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Najznačajniji_predstavnici_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.1</span> <span>Najznačajniji predstavnici</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Najznačajniji_predstavnici_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Također_pogledajte" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Također_pogledajte"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Također pogledajte</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Također_pogledajte-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vanjske_poveznice" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vanjske_poveznice"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Vanjske poveznice</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vanjske_poveznice-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sadržaj" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prikaz sadržaja stranice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prikaz sadržaja stranice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Skolastika</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Idi na druge jezične varijante članka. Dostupan je na 79 jezika" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-79" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">79 jezika</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skolastiek" title="Skolastiek – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Skolastiek" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9_(%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%D8%A9)" title="مدرسية (فلسفة) – arapski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مدرسية (فلسفة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%87" title="سكولايه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سكولايه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escol%C3%A1stica" title="Escolástica – asturijski" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Escolástica" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sxolastika" title="Sxolastika – azerbajdžanski" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sxolastika" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdžanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="اسکولاستیک – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اسکولاستیک" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Схаластыка – bjeloruski" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Схаластыка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bjeloruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrasiah" title="Madrasiah – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Madrasiah" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Схоластика – bugarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Схоластика" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bugarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skolastika" title="Skolastika – bosanski" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Skolastika" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escol%C3%A0stica" title="Escolàstica – katalonski" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Escolàstica" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DA%A9%DB%86%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" title="سکۆلاستیزم – soranski kurdski" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سکۆلاستیزم" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="soranski kurdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholastika" title="Scholastika – češki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Scholastika" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="češki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Схоластика – čuvaški" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Схоластика" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="čuvaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ysgolaeth" title="Ysgolaeth – velški" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ysgolaeth" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="velški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skolastik" title="Skolastik – danski" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Skolastik" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholastik" title="Scholastik – njemački" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Scholastik" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="njemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%87%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Σχολαστικισμός – grčki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σχολαστικισμός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grčki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholasticism" title="Scholasticism – engleski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Scholasticism" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skolastiko" title="Skolastiko – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Skolastiko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escol%C3%A1stica" title="Escolástica – španjolski" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Escolástica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španjolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skolastika" title="Skolastika – estonski" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Skolastika" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eskolastika" title="Eskolastika – baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Eskolastika" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="فلسفه مدرسی – perzijski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فلسفه مدرسی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skolastiikka" title="Skolastiikka – finski" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Skolastiikka" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scolastique" title="Scolastique – francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Scolastique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skolastyk" title="Skolastyk – zapadnofrizijski" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Skolastyk" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="zapadnofrizijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escol%C3%A1stica_(filosof%C3%ADa)" title="Escolástica (filosofía) – galicijski" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Escolástica (filosofía)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%94" title="סכולסטיקה – hebrejski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סכולסטיקה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="विद्वतावाद – hindski" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="विद्वतावाद" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skolasztikus_filoz%C3%B3fia" title="Skolasztikus filozófia – mađarski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Skolasztikus filozófia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="mađarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%AD%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%A1" title="Սխոլաստիկա – armenski" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սխոլաստիկա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholastica" title="Scholastica – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Scholastica" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skolastisisme" title="Skolastisisme – indonezijski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Skolastisisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scolastica" title="Scolastica – interligua" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Scolastica" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interligua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skolastikismo" title="Skolastikismo – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Skolastikismo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sk%C3%B3laspeki" title="Skólaspeki – islandski" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Skólaspeki" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scolastica_(filosofia)" title="Scolastica (filosofia) – talijanski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Scolastica (filosofia)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="talijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B9%E3%82%B3%E3%83%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="スコラ学 – japanski" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="スコラ学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A5%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="სქოლასტიკა – gruzijski" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სქოლასტიკა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orta_%C3%A1sir_sxolastikas%C4%B1" title="Orta ásir sxolastikası – kara-kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Orta ásir sxolastikası" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="kara-kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Схоластика – kazaški" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Схоластика" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%EC%BD%9C%EB%9D%BC%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="스콜라주의 – korejski" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="스콜라주의" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Схоластика – kirgiski" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Схоластика" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholastica_(philosophia)" title="Scholastica (philosophia) – latinski" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Scholastica (philosophia)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholastika" title="Scholastika – litavski" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Scholastika" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litavski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sholastika" title="Sholastika – latvijski" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Sholastika" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sk%C3%B4lastika" title="Skôlastika – malgaški" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Skôlastika" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Схоластика – makedonski" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Схоластика" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8A%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%82" title="സ്കൊളാസ്റ്റിസിസം – malajalamski" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സ്കൊളാസ്റ്റിസിസം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholastiek" title="Scholastiek – nizozemski" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Scholastiek" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skolastikk" title="Skolastikk – norveški nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Skolastikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norveški nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skolastikk" title="Skolastikk – norveški bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Skolastikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norveški bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escol%C3%A2tique" title="Escolâtique – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Escolâtique" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escolastica" title="Escolastica – okcitanski" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Escolastica" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okcitanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A6" title="ਵਿਦਵਤਾਵਾਦ – pandžapski" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਵਿਦਵਤਾਵਾਦ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pandžapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholastyka_(filozofia)" title="Scholastyka (filozofia) – poljski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Scholastyka (filozofia)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poljski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%9A%D9%88%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%87_%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%87" title="ښوونیزه فلسفه – paštunski" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ښوونیزه فلسفه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paštunski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escol%C3%A1stica" title="Escolástica – portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Escolástica" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scolastic%C4%83" title="Scolastică – rumunjski" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Scolastică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Схоластика – ruski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Схоластика" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DA%BE%D9%84_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AA" title="اھل علميت – sindski" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="اھل علميت" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skolastika" title="Skolastika – srpsko-hrvatski" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Skolastika" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srpsko-hrvatski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholasticism" title="Scholasticism – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Scholasticism" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholastika_(filozofia)" title="Scholastika (filozofia) – slovački" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Scholastika (filozofia)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skolastika" title="Skolastika – albanski" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Skolastika" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Схоластика – srpski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Схоластика" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srpski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skolastik" title="Skolastik – švedski" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Skolastik" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švedski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teolojia_ya_shule" title="Teolojia ya shule – svahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Teolojia ya shule" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="svahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%8C" title="ลัทธิอัสมาจารย์ – tajlandski" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ลัทธิอัสมาจารย์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tajlandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skolastik_felsefe" title="Skolastik felsefe – turski" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Skolastik felsefe" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Схоластика – ukrajinski" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Схоластика" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%84_%D9%85%D8%AA%DA%A9%D9%84%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86" title="اصول متکلمین – urdski" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اصول متکلمین" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sxolastika" title="Sxolastika – uzbečki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sxolastika" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbečki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tri%E1%BA%BFt_h%E1%BB%8Dc_kinh_vi%E1%BB%87n" title="Triết học kinh viện – vijetnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Triết học kinh viện" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vijetnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eskolastika" title="Eskolastika – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Eskolastika" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AF%BA%E8%88%8D%E5%AD%A6%E6%B4%BE" title="寺舍学派 – wu kineski" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="寺舍学派" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E9%99%A2%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6" title="经院哲学 – kineski" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="经院哲学" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B6%93%E9%99%A2%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8" title="經院哲學 – kantonski" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="經院哲學" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q41679#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Poveznice na druge jezike" 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class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Pomagala"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Izgled"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Izgled</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">premjesti</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Laurentius_de_Voltolina_001.jpg/450px-Laurentius_de_Voltolina_001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Laurentius_de_Voltolina_001.jpg/600px-Laurentius_de_Voltolina_001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2024" data-file-height="1634" /></a><figcaption>Filozofija u srednjem vijeku: predavač i slušači (14. st.)</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Skolastika</b> (<a href="/wiki/Gr%C4%8Dki" class="mw-redirect" title="Grčki">grč.</a> <span lang="grc" class="polytonic">σχολή</span>, <a href="/wiki/Latinski" class="mw-redirect" title="Latinski">lat.</a> <b>schola</b>, <i>dokolica</i> > <i>učeno razlaganje</i> > <i>škola</i>; <b>scholasticus</b>, <i>učenjački</i> i <i>učenjak</i>) je filozofska i teološka <a href="/w/index.php?title=Metoda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metoda (stranica ne postoji)">metoda</a> poučavanja u kršćanskim <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0kola" title="Škola">školama</a>, prvo onima u sastavu <a href="/wiki/Samostan" title="Samostan">samostana</a>, zatim u katedralnim školama, te naposljetku na <a href="/wiki/Sveu%C4%8Dili%C5%A1te" title="Sveučilište">sveučilištima</a>. To je oznaka za <a href="/wiki/Srednji_vijek" title="Srednji vijek">srednjovjekovni</a> način filozofiranja, koji je ciljao na pomirenje <a href="/wiki/Anti%C4%8Dka_filozofija" title="Antička filozofija">antičke</a> – prvenstveno <a href="/wiki/Aristotel" title="Aristotel">Aristotelove</a> – <a href="/wiki/Filozofija" title="Filozofija">filozofije</a> s <a href="/wiki/Kr%C5%A1%C4%87anstvo" title="Kršćanstvo">kršćanskom</a> <a href="/wiki/Teologija" class="mw-redirect" title="Teologija">teologijom</a>. Stoljećima – koliko je skolastika trajala – kršćanski je intelektualac (redovnik, klerik) bio «školnik», što znači da je filozofiju shvaćao ne kao slobodno istraživanje, nego kao učenje i poučavanje u službi teologije (pod motom <i>philosophia ancilla theologiae</i>). </p><p>Nerijetko se – ponešto neprecizno – skolastikom naziva sva filozofska, teološka i znanstvena misao <a href="/wiki/Srednji_vijek" title="Srednji vijek">srednjega vijeka</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kontekst">Kontekst</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skolastika&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Uredi odlomak: Kontekst" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skolastika&action=edit&section=1" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Kontekst"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:University_of_Salamanca.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/University_of_Salamanca.jpg/220px-University_of_Salamanca.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="316" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/University_of_Salamanca.jpg/330px-University_of_Salamanca.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/University_of_Salamanca.jpg/440px-University_of_Salamanca.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1008" data-file-height="1448" /></a><figcaption>Fasada sveučilišta u Salamanki</figcaption></figure> <p>Kršćanska se skolastička <a href="/wiki/Spekulacija" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Spekulacija">spekulacija</a> odvijala unutar tradicije i pravovjerja što su ih ustanovili <a href="/wiki/Katoli%C4%8Danstvo" title="Katoličanstvo">crkveni</a> autoriteti. Prema skolastičarima, ne postoji neka <a href="/wiki/Istina" title="Istina">istina</a> koju bi trebalo tražiti, koja ne bi već bila dana; jer sve što je valjalo reći već je bilo predmetom božanske <a href="/w/index.php?title=Objava&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Objava (stranica ne postoji)">objave</a> i sadržano je u <a href="/wiki/Biblija" title="Biblija">Svetom pismu</a>. <a href="/wiki/Stari_zavjet" title="Stari zavjet">Stari</a> i <a href="/wiki/Novi_zavjet" title="Novi zavjet">Novi zavjet</a>, neposredna riječ <a href="/wiki/Bog_Otac" title="Bog Otac">Božja</a>, predstavljaju najveći među svim autoritetima; oni su <a href="/wiki/Dogma" title="Dogma">dogma</a> koja ne može biti predmetom diskusije a da se ne zapadne u <a href="/wiki/Grijeh" title="Grijeh">grijeh</a> ili <a href="/wiki/Hereza" class="mw-redirect" title="Hereza">herezu</a>, a zadaća je srednjovjekovnog mislioca pokušati razjasniti ne uvijek očit smisao Pisma ili djela nekog <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Auktora&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Auktora (stranica ne postoji)">auktora</a></i> (renomiranog autora), uz pozivanje na spise drugih odabranih autora. </p><p>U jesen srednjeg vijeka na zalazu je bila i skolastika, zbog unutarnje <a href="/wiki/Kriza" class="mw-disambig" title="Kriza">krize</a> određene samom njezinom prirodom, to jest zbog poimanja da je sve <a href="/wiki/Znanje" title="Znanje">znanje</a> zatvoren i već konačno dan sistem. Napretkom <a href="/wiki/Znanost" title="Znanost">znanosti</a>, rezultati skolastičke metode postajali su sve suptilniji i zamršeniji, a pribjegavanje znanju i mudrosti <a href="/wiki/Stari_vijek" title="Stari vijek">staroga vijeka</a> razotkrivalo se u svoj svojoj problematičnosti. Prijevodi djela <a href="/wiki/Antika" title="Antika">antičkih</a> autora s <a href="/wiki/Arapski" class="mw-redirect" title="Arapski">arapskog</a> i grčkog (<a href="/wiki/12._stolje%C4%87e" title="12. stoljeće">12.</a> – 13. st.) stavljali su na raspolaganje sve veći broj ranije izostavljanih <i>auktora</i>, dok je napredak filologije otkrio da su mogi autori, naročito Platon i Aristotel, nepomirljivi kako između sebe tako i s kršćanskom doktrinom. Bilo je zaprepašćujuće, primjerice, otkriće da je Aristotel – konačno u većem opsegu dostupan u <a href="/wiki/Averroes" class="mw-redirect" title="Averroes">Averroesovom</a> prijevodu – držao da je pojedinačna <a href="/wiki/Du%C5%A1a" title="Duša">duša</a> («<a href="/w/index.php?title=Forma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Forma (stranica ne postoji)">forma</a>» tijela) smrtna, što je antikršćanska, a možda i <a href="/wiki/Ateizam" title="Ateizam">ateistička</a> teza. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Srednjovjekovno_školstvo"><span id="Srednjovjekovno_.C5.A1kolstvo"></span>Srednjovjekovno školstvo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skolastika&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Uredi odlomak: Srednjovjekovno školstvo" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skolastika&action=edit&section=2" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Srednjovjekovno školstvo"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Septem-artes-liberales_Herrad-von-Landsberg_Hortus-deliciarum_1180.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Septem-artes-liberales_Herrad-von-Landsberg_Hortus-deliciarum_1180.jpg/220px-Septem-artes-liberales_Herrad-von-Landsberg_Hortus-deliciarum_1180.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="289" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Septem-artes-liberales_Herrad-von-Landsberg_Hortus-deliciarum_1180.jpg/330px-Septem-artes-liberales_Herrad-von-Landsberg_Hortus-deliciarum_1180.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Septem-artes-liberales_Herrad-von-Landsberg_Hortus-deliciarum_1180.jpg/440px-Septem-artes-liberales_Herrad-von-Landsberg_Hortus-deliciarum_1180.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1573" data-file-height="2063" /></a><figcaption><b>Sedam slobodnih vještina</b>;<br />u sredini sjedi Filozofija<br />Herrad von Landsberg (12. st.)</figcaption></figure> <p>Nastavni program srednjovjekovnih škola sastojao se od «sedam slobodnih vještina» (<i>septem artes liberales</i>). Slobodnima su se zvale zato što je bavljenje njima pretpostavljalo dokolicu (<i>sholế</i>). Sedam slobodnih vještina dijelilo se na <i>trivij</i> (<a href="/wiki/Gramatika" title="Gramatika">gramatika</a>, <a href="/wiki/Retorika" class="mw-redirect" title="Retorika">retorika</a> i <a href="/wiki/Dijalektika" title="Dijalektika">dijalektika</a>) i <i>kvadrivij</i> (<a href="/wiki/Aritmetika" title="Aritmetika">aritmetika</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geometrija" title="Geometrija">geometrija</a>, <a href="/wiki/Astronomija" title="Astronomija">astronomija</a> i <a href="/wiki/Muzika" class="mw-redirect" title="Muzika">muzika</a>). Najviši cilj znanstvenog rada bio je sistematizacija odranije danog sadržaja. Dana se građa strukturirala u cjelinu primjenom <a href="/wiki/Definicija" title="Definicija">definicija</a>, klasifikacija, <a href="/wiki/Silogizam" title="Silogizam">silogističkog</a> <a href="/wiki/Dokaz" class="mw-disambig" title="Dokaz">dokazivanja</a>, <b><a href="/wiki/Dedukcija" title="Dedukcija">dedukcijom</a></b> iz <a href="/wiki/Aksiom" title="Aksiom">aksioma</a> i definicija. </p><p>Metode poučavanja u srednjovjekovnim školama bile su: </p> <ul><li><i>lectio</i>, metoda zajedničkog čitanja i komentara, objašnjavanja i tumačenja filozofskog ili teološkog teksta nekog od <i>auktora</i></li> <li><i>disputatio</i> (<a href="/wiki/Hrvatski_jezik" title="Hrvatski jezik">hrv.</a> <i>disput</i>), metoda praktične primjene silogističkih pravila u dokazivanju nekog spornog pitanja; usmena rasprava.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Metoda">Metoda</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skolastika&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Uredi odlomak: Metoda" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skolastika&action=edit&section=3" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Metoda"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Dialectica.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Dialectica.jpg/220px-Dialectica.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="361" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Dialectica.jpg/330px-Dialectica.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Dialectica.jpg/440px-Dialectica.jpg 2x" data-file-width="661" data-file-height="1085" /></a><figcaption><b>Dijalektika</b><br />Hans Sebald Beham (16. st.)</figcaption></figure> <p>Skolastika je temeljne <a href="/wiki/Metafizika" title="Metafizika">metafizičke</a> pojmove naslijeđene <a href="/wiki/Gr%C4%8Dka_filozofija" class="mw-redirect" title="Grčka filozofija">grčkom filozofskom tradicijom</a> preoblikovala i primijenila na objavljene istine, uz postavku da se <a href="/wiki/Spoznaja" title="Spoznaja">spoznaja</a> ravna stanovitim vječnim i nepromjenjivim načelima i uz uvijek naglašavanu različitost i jedinstvo <a href="/wiki/Religija" title="Religija">vjere</a> i <a href="/wiki/Znanje" title="Znanje">znanja</a>, <a href="/wiki/Teologija" class="mw-redirect" title="Teologija">teologije</a> i filozofije. </p><p>Skolastičke metode stavljaju naglasak na <a href="/wiki/Dijalektika" title="Dijalektika">dijalektičko</a> mišljenje i debatno nadmetanje. Primarna svrha skolastike bila je pronaći odgovor na neko pitanje ili razriješiti neku kontradikciju. </p><p>Skolastičari bi kao predmet istraživanja prvo izabrali djelo, primjerice knjigu iz <a href="/wiki/Biblija" title="Biblija">Biblije</a> ili spis što ga je napisao kakav renomirani učenjak, <i>auktor</i>. Čitajući knjigu kritički i u cijelosti, slušači su učili cijeniti teorije <i>auktora</i>. Onda bi uzeli u obzir i druge dokumente povezane s izvornim tekstom, primjerice odredbe <a href="/wiki/Ekumenski_sabor" title="Ekumenski sabor">ekumenskih sabora</a>, papinske poslanice, ili štogod drugo na tu temu, bilo suvremenih bilo ranijih autora. Oko pitanja koja se nisu najuže ticale teologije, kao autoriteti su se dopuštali ne samo veliki grčki, nego i <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">islamski</a> filozofi. </p><p>Potom bi se pribilježile točke neslaganja i prijepora pronađene u tim raznolikim izvorima. Takve pojedinačne rečenice ili ulomci zvali su se <i>sententiae</i>. Biblija, primjerice, sadržava brojna prividna proturječja, i te su kontradikcije već pretresli brojni drugi učenjaci. Skolastičar bi prikupio sve argumente o kontradikcijama te ih sa svih ih strana kritički razmotrio. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:KellsFol027v4Evang.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/KellsFol027v4Evang.jpg/220px-KellsFol027v4Evang.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="290" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/KellsFol027v4Evang.jpg/330px-KellsFol027v4Evang.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/KellsFol027v4Evang.jpg/440px-KellsFol027v4Evang.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1391" data-file-height="1836" /></a><figcaption>Četiri kanonska evanđelja: <b>autoritet kao istina</b><br />(Simboli evanđelista u <i>Knjizi iz Kellsa</i>)</figcaption></figure> <p>Nakon što bi se naveli izvori i nesuglasice, dijalektički bi se prividno proturječni argumenti spojili u usklađenu i usuglašenu cjelinu. To se postizalo na dva načina. </p><p>Prvo, <a href="/wiki/Filologija" title="Filologija">filološkom</a> analizom, gdje su se propitivale konkretne riječi i dokazivalo se da bi one mogle imati više od jednog značenja te da je autor riječi mogao pridati neko drugo značenje. Dvosmislenost u riječima mogla se koristiti da se nađu dodirne točke između dva inače kontradiktorna iskaza. Drugo, <a href="/wiki/Logika" title="Logika">logičkom</a> analizom – koja se oslanjala na pravila formalne logike – da se pokaže da kontradikcija nije ni bilo, nego je riječ o iskrivljenom tumačenju čitatelja. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Auktori">Auktori</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skolastika&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Uredi odlomak: Auktori" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skolastika&action=edit&section=4" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Auktori"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kao auktori najčešće su se uzimali sljedeći autori i djela: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biblija" title="Biblija">Biblija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platon" title="Platon">Platon</a> (naročito dijalog <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timej_(dijalog)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timej (dijalog) (stranica ne postoji)">Timej</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aristotel" title="Aristotel">Aristotel</a> ("Filozof") i njegov prevoditelj i komentator Averroes ("Komentator")</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aurelije_Augustin" class="mw-redirect" title="Aurelije Augustin">Aurelije Augustin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boecije" class="mw-redirect" title="Boecije">Boetije</a> i njegov spis <i><a href="/wiki/Utjeha_filozofije" title="Utjeha filozofije">Utjeha filozofije</a></i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petrus_Lombardus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Petrus Lombardus (stranica ne postoji)">Petrus Lombardus</a> (točnije, njegovo djelo <i>Libri Quattuor Sententiarum</i>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Podjela_po_razdobljima">Podjela po razdobljima</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skolastika&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Uredi odlomak: Podjela po razdobljima" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skolastika&action=edit&section=5" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Podjela po razdobljima"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Skolastika se može podijeliti u sljedeća razdoblja: </p> <ul><li><tt><b>Rana skolastika</b> (oko 800. – 1200./1250.).</tt> Postavlja se problem <a href="/w/index.php?title=Univerzalije&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Univerzalije (stranica ne postoji)">univerzalija</a>, proučavaju se Aristotelovi logički spisi, uobličuje se skolastička metoda</li> <li><tt><b>Zrela skolastika</b> (oko 1200./1250. – 1350./1400.).</tt> Proučavaju se i ostali Aristotelovi spisi, polemizira se s <a href="/wiki/Islamska_skolastika" title="Islamska skolastika">islamskom</a> i židovskom filozofijom, vjerske istine nastoje se pomiriti s filozofijom, točnije kršćanska tradicija s Aristotelovim nasljeđem</li> <li><tt><b>Kasna skolastika</b> (oko 1350./1400. – 1500.).</tt> Ovo je razdoblje razračunavanja s okamizmom; obilježio ga je i razdor između <a href="/wiki/Misticizam" title="Misticizam">mističnog</a> iskustva i skolastičkog nauka</li> <li><tt><b>Novovjekovna skolastika</b> (16. – 17. st.).</tt> Ovo razdoblje, nakon <a href="/wiki/Reformacija" title="Reformacija">reformacije</a> i <a href="/wiki/Renesansa" title="Renesansa">renesanse</a>, posebno je obilježilo španjolsku i talijansku filozofiju</li> <li><tt><b>Novoskolastika</b> (od 19. st. naovamo).</tt> Nakon brojnih kritika, koje su je karakterizirale povijesnom i ograničenom na <a href="/wiki/Srednji_vijek" title="Srednji vijek">srednji vijek</a>, skolastika se rehabilitira.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Predstavnici">Predstavnici</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skolastika&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Uredi odlomak: Predstavnici" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skolastika&action=edit&section=6" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Predstavnici"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rana_skolastika">Rana skolastika</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skolastika&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Uredi odlomak: Rana skolastika" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skolastika&action=edit&section=7" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Rana skolastika"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Anselmo_Canterburyjski" class="mw-redirect" title="Anselmo Canterburyjski">Anselmo Canterburyjski</a> ponekad se naziva ocem skolastike, zbog istaknutog mjesta koje u njegovoj teologiji zauzima <a href="/wiki/Razum" title="Razum">razum</a>. Dok je djelo njegovog jedinog velikog prethodnika, <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Skot_Eriugena" title="Ivan Skot Eriugena">Eriugene</a>, sadržavalo previše <a href="/wiki/Spekulacija" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Spekulacija">spekulativnih</a> i <a href="/wiki/Misticizam" title="Misticizam">mističnih</a> elemenata za dosljednog skolastičkog učenjaka, u Anselma nailazimo na klasične karakteristike skolastičke teološke misli: priznanje veze razuma i objave te pokušaje da se razradi racionalan sustav vjere. Valja ipak reći da Anselmov pristup u njegovo doba nije bio naročito utjecajan, te da se i on sam ograđivao od naučavanja katedralnih škola. </p><p>Među ostalim autorima i djelima ovog razdoblja valja još posebno istaknuti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anselmo_iz_Laona&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anselmo iz Laona (stranica ne postoji)">Anselma iz Laona</a> i njegove glose uz <a href="/wiki/Sveto_pismo" class="mw-redirect" title="Sveto pismo">Sveto pismo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Petar_Abelard" title="Petar Abelard">Abelarda</a> zaslužnoga za zamah dijalektike (jedne od <i>vještina</i> srednjovjekovnog trivija) te <a href="/w/index.php?title=Petrus_Lombardus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Petrus Lombardus (stranica ne postoji)">Petrusa Lombardusa</a> i njegovu zbirku sentencija tj. mišljenja <a href="/wiki/Crkveni_oci" class="mw-redirect" title="Crkveni oci">crkvenih otaca</a> i drugih <i>auktora</i> (<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Libri_Quattuor_Sententiarum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Libri Quattuor Sententiarum (stranica ne postoji)">Libri Quattuor Sententiarum</a></i>). </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Anselm_of_Canterbury.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Anselm_of_Canterbury.jpg/140px-Anselm_of_Canterbury.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Anselm_of_Canterbury.jpg/210px-Anselm_of_Canterbury.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Anselm_of_Canterbury.jpg/280px-Anselm_of_Canterbury.jpg 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="432" /></a><figcaption><b>Anselmo Canterburyjski</b></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Najznačajniji_predstavnici"><span id="Najzna.C4.8Dajniji_predstavnici"></span>Najznačajniji predstavnici</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skolastika&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Uredi odlomak: Najznačajniji predstavnici" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skolastika&action=edit&section=8" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Najznačajniji predstavnici"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anselmo_Canterburyjski" class="mw-redirect" title="Anselmo Canterburyjski">Anselmo Canterburyjski</a> (<a href="/wiki/1033." title="1033.">1033.</a> – <a href="/wiki/1109." title="1109.">1109.</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anselmo_iz_Laona&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anselmo iz Laona (stranica ne postoji)">Anselmo iz Laona</a> (oko 1050. – <a href="/wiki/1117." title="1117.">1117.</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugo_od_sv._Viktora" title="Hugo od sv. Viktora">Hugo od sv. Viktora</a> (<a href="/wiki/1078." title="1078.">1078.</a> – <a href="/wiki/1151." title="1151.">1151.</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petar_Abelard" title="Petar Abelard">Petar Abelard</a> (<a href="/wiki/1079." title="1079.">1079.</a> – <a href="/wiki/1142." title="1142.">1142.</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_od_Clairvauxa" class="mw-redirect" title="Bernard od Clairvauxa">Bernard od Clairvauxa</a> (<a href="/wiki/1090." title="1090.">1090.</a> – <a href="/wiki/1153." title="1153.">1153.</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hildegarda_iz_Bingena" title="Hildegarda iz Bingena">Hildegarda iz Bingena</a> (<a href="/wiki/1098." title="1098.">1098.</a> – 1179.)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petrus_Lombardus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Petrus Lombardus (stranica ne postoji)">Petrus Lombardus</a> (oko 1100. – <a href="/wiki/1160." title="1160.">1160.</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alan_iz_Lillea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alan iz Lillea (stranica ne postoji)">Alan iz Lillea</a> (oko 1128. – <a href="/wiki/1202." title="1202.">1202.</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joakim_da_Fiore&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joakim da Fiore (stranica ne postoji)">Joakim da Fiore</a> (oko 1135. – 1202.)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Zrela_skolastika">Zrela skolastika</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skolastika&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Uredi odlomak: Zrela skolastika" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skolastika&action=edit&section=9" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Zrela skolastika"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>U ovome je periodu skolastička je metoda – kombinirajući <a href="/w/index.php?title=Logika_pojmova&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Logika pojmova (stranica ne postoji)">logiku pojmova</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metafizika" title="Metafizika">metafiziku</a> i <a href="/wiki/Semantika" title="Semantika">semantiku</a> u jednu disciplinu – izašla iz okvira teologije i proširila se i na filozofiju prirode, psihologiju, <a href="/wiki/Teorija_spoznaje" title="Teorija spoznaje">teoriju spoznaje</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Filozofija_znanosti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Filozofija znanosti (stranica ne postoji)">filozofiju znanosti</a>. U Španjolskoj su skolastičari dali znatan doprinos i <a href="/wiki/Ekonomija" class="mw-disambig" title="Ekonomija">ekonomskoj</a> teoriji.<br /> Za zamah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Filozofija_prirode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Filozofija prirode (stranica ne postoji)">filozofije prirode</a> i znanstvene metode na tlu teologije posebno su zaslužni <a href="/wiki/Robert_Grosseteste" title="Robert Grosseteste">Robert Grosseteste</a> i <a href="/wiki/Roger_Bacon" title="Roger Bacon">Roger Bacon</a>. </p><p>Povijesni kontekst ovoga razdoblja obilježili su pokušaji gušenja različitih heterodoksnih vjerskih pokreta, kakvi su bili <a href="/wiki/Katari" title="Katari">katari</a> i <a href="/wiki/Valdenzi" title="Valdenzi">valdenzi</a>. Usporedan zamah <a href="/wiki/Prosja%C4%8Dki_redovi" title="Prosjački redovi">prosjačkih redova</a> (osobito <a href="/wiki/Franjevci" title="Franjevci">franjevaca</a> i <a href="/wiki/Dominikanci" class="mw-redirect" title="Dominikanci">dominikanaca</a>) dijelom se može tumačiti kao vid ortodoksne alternative <a href="/wiki/Hereza" class="mw-redirect" title="Hereza">heretičkim</a> pokretima.<br /> Iz redova franjevaca i dominikanaca potekli su teolozi kao što su <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aleksandar_Hale%C5%A1ki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aleksandar Haleški (stranica ne postoji)">Aleksandar Haleški</a> i <a href="/wiki/Bonaventura" class="mw-redirect" title="Bonaventura">Bonaventura</a> (oba franjevci) te <a href="/wiki/Toma_Akvinski" title="Toma Akvinski">Toma Akvinski</a> (dominikanac). </p><p>To je također doba procvata <a href="/wiki/Mistika" class="mw-redirect" title="Mistika">mističke</a> teologije, gdje su i žene – poput <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mechthild_iz_Magdeburga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mechthild iz Magdeburga (stranica ne postoji)">Mechthild iz Magdeburga</a> – igrale važnu ulogu. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Giovanni_di_Paolo_St._Thomas_Aquinas_Confounding_Averro%C3%ABs.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Giovanni_di_Paolo_St._Thomas_Aquinas_Confounding_Averro%C3%ABs.JPG/210px-Giovanni_di_Paolo_St._Thomas_Aquinas_Confounding_Averro%C3%ABs.JPG" decoding="async" width="210" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Giovanni_di_Paolo_St._Thomas_Aquinas_Confounding_Averro%C3%ABs.JPG/315px-Giovanni_di_Paolo_St._Thomas_Aquinas_Confounding_Averro%C3%ABs.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Giovanni_di_Paolo_St._Thomas_Aquinas_Confounding_Averro%C3%ABs.JPG/420px-Giovanni_di_Paolo_St._Thomas_Aquinas_Confounding_Averro%C3%ABs.JPG 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="553" /></a><figcaption><b>Sv. Toma Akvinski</b> zbunjuje Averroesa<br />(Giovanni di Paolo, 15. st)</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Najznačajniji_predstavnici_2"><span id="Najzna.C4.8Dajniji_predstavnici_2"></span>Najznačajniji predstavnici</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skolastika&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Uredi odlomak: Najznačajniji predstavnici" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skolastika&action=edit&section=10" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Najznačajniji predstavnici"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sveti_Dominik" title="Sveti Dominik">Sv. Dominik</a> (<a href="/wiki/1170." title="1170.">1170.</a> – <a href="/wiki/1221." title="1221.">1221.</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Grosseteste" title="Robert Grosseteste">Robert Grosseteste</a> (oko <a href="/wiki/1175." title="1175.">1175.</a> – <a href="/wiki/1253." title="1253.">1253.</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sv._Franjo_Asi%C5%A1ki" class="mw-redirect" title="Sv. Franjo Asiški">Sv. Franjo Asiški</a> (<a href="/wiki/1182." title="1182.">1182.</a> – <a href="/wiki/1226." title="1226.">1226.</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aleksandar_Hale%C5%A1ki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aleksandar Haleški (stranica ne postoji)">Aleksandar Haleški</a> (oko 1185. – <a href="/wiki/1245." title="1245.">1245.</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mechthild_iz_Magdeburga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mechthild iz Magdeburga (stranica ne postoji)">Mechthild iz Magdeburga</a> (<a href="/wiki/1210." title="1210.">1210.</a> – <a href="/wiki/1285." title="1285.">1285.</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Bacon" title="Roger Bacon">Roger Bacon</a> (<a href="/wiki/1214." title="1214.">1214.</a> – <a href="/wiki/1294." title="1294.">1294.</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sveti_Bonaventura" title="Sveti Bonaventura">Sv. Bonaventura</a> (1221. – <a href="/wiki/1274." title="1274.">1274.</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sveti_Toma_Akvinski" class="mw-redirect" title="Sveti Toma Akvinski">Sv. Toma Akvinski</a> (<a href="/wiki/1225." title="1225.">1225.</a> – 1274.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/An%C4%91ela_iz_Foligna" title="Anđela iz Foligna">Anđela iz Foligna</a> (<a href="/wiki/1248." title="1248.">1248.</a> – <a href="/wiki/1309." title="1309.">1309.</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meister_Eckhart" title="Meister Eckhart">Meister Eckhart</a> (<a href="/wiki/1260." title="1260.">1260.</a> – <a href="/wiki/1328." title="1328.">1328.</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marsilije_iz_Padove&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marsilije iz Padove (stranica ne postoji)">Marsilije iz Padove</a> (<a href="/wiki/1270." title="1270.">1270.</a> – <a href="/wiki/1342." title="1342.">1342.</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duns_Scot" class="mw-redirect" title="Duns Scot">Duns Scot</a> (<a href="/wiki/1266." title="1266.">1266.</a> – <a href="/wiki/1308." title="1308.">1308.</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Occam" title="William Occam">William Occam</a> (oko 1285. – <a href="/wiki/1349." title="1349.">1349.</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kasna_skolastika">Kasna skolastika</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skolastika&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Uredi odlomak: Kasna skolastika" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skolastika&action=edit&section=11" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Kasna skolastika"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kasnu je skolastiku u filozofiji obilježilo razračunavanje s tradicijom <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Duns_%C5%A0kot" title="Ivan Duns Škot">skotističkog</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Voluntarizam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voluntarizam (stranica ne postoji)">voluntarizma</a> i <a href="/wiki/William_Occam" title="William Occam">okamističkog</a> <a href="/wiki/Nominalizam" title="Nominalizam">nominalizma</a> te sve kompleksnija, suptilnija i kruća terminologija i <a href="/wiki/Pojam" title="Pojam">pojmovna</a> diferenciranost. </p><p>Istodobno, to je razdoblje u kojemu su bili djelatni raznoliki pokreti s ciljem reforme institucionalne crkve (<a href="/wiki/Koncilijarizam" title="Koncilijarizam">koncilijarizam</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lolardi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lolardi (stranica ne postoji)">lolardi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Husiti" title="Husiti">husiti</a>). Širili su se i različiti pokreti duhovne obnove, kao što je <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Devotio_moderna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Devotio moderna (stranica ne postoji)">devotio moderna</a></i>. </p><p>Nepomirljiv razdor između struja koje je odlikovao strog i formalistički filozofsko-teološkog nauk i onih koje su davale prednost neposrednom mističnom iskustvu najavio je razrješenje skolastike. Također, izvana, u duhu <a href="/wiki/Humanizam" title="Humanizam">humanizma</a>, skolastika je viđena kao krut, zastario i neprikladan način filozofiranja, te je potisnuta i donekle zaboravljena (premda se mjestimice i dalje njegovala, primjerice u <a href="/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca">Salamanki</a>). </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Thomas_a_kempis_agnietenberg_painting.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Thomas_a_kempis_agnietenberg_painting.jpg/220px-Thomas_a_kempis_agnietenberg_painting.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Thomas_a_kempis_agnietenberg_painting.jpg/330px-Thomas_a_kempis_agnietenberg_painting.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3f/Thomas_a_kempis_agnietenberg_painting.jpg 2x" data-file-width="343" data-file-height="257" /></a><figcaption><b>Toma Kempenac</b> na brdu Sv. Agneze<br />(nepoznat autor, 16. st)</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Najznačajniji_predstavnici_3"><span id="Najzna.C4.8Dajniji_predstavnici_3"></span>Najznačajniji predstavnici</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skolastika&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Uredi odlomak: Najznačajniji predstavnici" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skolastika&action=edit&section=12" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Najznačajniji predstavnici"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Wycliffe" title="John Wycliffe">John Wycliffe</a> (oko <a href="/wiki/1320." title="1320.">1320.</a> – <a href="/wiki/1384." title="1384.">1384.</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julijana_iz_Norwicha" title="Julijana iz Norwicha">Julijana iz Norwicha</a> (<a href="/wiki/1342." title="1342.">1342.</a> – <a href="/wiki/1413." title="1413.">1413.</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geert_Groote&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geert Groote (stranica ne postoji)">Geert Groote</a> (<a href="/wiki/1340." title="1340.">1340.</a> – <a href="/wiki/1384." title="1384.">1384.</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sveta_Katarina_Sijenska" class="mw-redirect" title="Sveta Katarina Sijenska">Sv. Katarina Sijenska</a> (<a href="/wiki/1347." title="1347.">1347.</a> – <a href="/wiki/1380." title="1380.">1380.</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean_Gerson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean Gerson (stranica ne postoji)">Jean Gerson</a> (<a href="/wiki/1363." title="1363.">1363.</a> – <a href="/wiki/1429." title="1429.">1429.</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Hus" title="Jan Hus">Jan Hus</a> (oko <a href="/wiki/1369." title="1369.">1369.</a> – <a href="/wiki/1415." title="1415.">1415.</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toma_Kempenac" title="Toma Kempenac">Toma Kempenac</a> (<a href="/wiki/1380." title="1380.">1380.</a> – <a href="/wiki/1471." title="1471.">1471.</a>)</li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Također_pogledajte"><span id="Tako.C4.91er_pogledajte"></span>Također pogledajte</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skolastika&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Uredi odlomak: Također pogledajte" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skolastika&action=edit&section=13" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Također pogledajte"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kr%C5%A1%C4%87anska_filozofija" title="Kršćanska filozofija">Kršćanska filozofija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katolicizam" class="mw-redirect" title="Katolicizam">Katolicizam</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vanjske_poveznice">Vanjske poveznice</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skolastika&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Uredi odlomak: Vanjske poveznice" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skolastika&action=edit&section=14" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Vanjske poveznice"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span style="cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="engleski jezik">(<span style="color:#606060; font-size:80%; position:relative; bottom:0.1em"><a href="/wiki/Engl." class="mw-redirect" title="Engl.">engl.</a></span>)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9108672/Scholasticism">Scholasticism</a> (<i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i>)</li> <li><span style="cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="engleski jezik">(<span style="color:#606060; font-size:80%; position:relative; bottom:0.1em"><a href="/wiki/Engl." class="mw-redirect" title="Engl.">engl.</a></span>)</span> Joseph Rickaby, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.nd.edu/Departments/Maritain/etext/scholas1.htm">Scholasticism</a>  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061205060452/http://www2.nd.edu/Departments/Maritain/etext/scholas1.htm">Arhivirana inačica izvorne stranice</a> od 5. prosinca 2006. (<a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>) (<i>Jacques Maritain Center</i>)</li> <li><span style="cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="engleski jezik">(<span style="color:#606060; font-size:80%; position:relative; bottom:0.1em"><a href="/wiki/Engl." class="mw-redirect" title="Engl.">engl.</a></span>)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13548a.htm">Scholasticism</a> (<i>The Catholic Encyclopedia</i>)</li></ul> <table class="navbox" cellspacing="0" style=";"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"><tbody><tr><th style=";" colspan="2" class="navbox-naslov"><div style="float:left; width:6em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand navbar" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-variant:small-caps; ;;border:none;;"><a href="/wiki/Predlo%C5%BEak:Filozofija" title="Predložak:Filozofija"><span title="Vidi ovaj predložak." style=";;border:none;;">v</span></a> • <a href="/wiki/Razgovor_o_predlo%C5%A1ku:Filozofija" title="Razgovor o predlošku:Filozofija"><span style="color:#002bb8;;;border:none;;" title="Razgovor o ovom predlošku.">r</span></a> • <a class="external text" href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Predlo%C5%BEak:Filozofija&action=edit"><span style="color:#002bb8;;;border:none;;" title="Možete urediti ovaj predložak. Prije spremanja provjerite kako će izgledati.">u</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/Filozofija" title="Filozofija">Filozofija</a></span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-iznadispod" style=";text-align:center; background-color: #ddf;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Isto%C4%8Dnja%C4%8Dka_filozofija" title="Istočnjačka filozofija">Istočnjačka filozofija</a> • <a href="/wiki/Zapadnja%C4%8Dka_filozofija" title="Zapadnjačka filozofija">Zapadnjačka filozofija</a></td></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-grupa" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Povijest_filozofije" title="Povijest filozofije">Povijest filozofije</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-popis navbox-neparni"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Anti%C4%8Dka_filozofija" title="Antička filozofija">Antička</a> • <a href="/wiki/Srednjovjekovna_filozofija" title="Srednjovjekovna filozofija">Srednjovjekovna</a> • <a href="/wiki/Novovjekovna_filozofija" title="Novovjekovna filozofija">Novovjekovna</a> • <a href="/wiki/Moderna_filozofija" title="Moderna filozofija">Suvremena</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-grupa" style=";;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Popis_filozofskih_tema&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Popis filozofskih tema (stranica ne postoji)">Popisi</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-popis navbox-parni"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Podjele_filozofije&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Podjele filozofije (stranica ne postoji)">Podjele filozofije</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Abecedni_popisi_filozofa" title="Kategorija:Abecedni popisi filozofa">Filozofi</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Filozofije&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Filozofije (stranica ne postoji)">Filozofije</a> • <a href="/wiki/Dodatak:Popis_filozofskih_termina" title="Dodatak:Popis filozofskih termina">Glosarij</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Filozofski_pokreti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Filozofski pokreti (stranica ne postoji)">Pokreti</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-grupa" style=";;">Discipline</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-popis navbox-neparni"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Estetika" title="Estetika">Estetika</a> • <a href="/wiki/Etika" title="Etika">Etika</a> • <a href="/wiki/Filozofija_politike" class="mw-redirect" title="Filozofija politike">Filozofija politike</a> • <a href="/wiki/Filozofija_povijesti" title="Filozofija povijesti">Filozofija povijesti</a> • <a href="/wiki/Logika" title="Logika">Logika</a> • <a href="/wiki/Metafizika" title="Metafizika">Metafizika</a> • <a href="/wiki/Epistemologija" title="Epistemologija">Spoznajna teorija</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-grupa" style=";;">Teme filozofije</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-popis navbox-parni"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Socijalna_filozofija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Socijalna filozofija (stranica ne postoji)">Društvo</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Meta-filozofija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meta-filozofija (stranica ne postoji)">Filozofija</a> • <a href="/wiki/Filozofija_jezika" title="Filozofija jezika">Jezik</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Filozofija_i_knji%C5%BEevnost&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Filozofija i književnost (stranica ne postoji)">Književnost</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Filozofska_antropologija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Filozofska antropologija (stranica ne postoji)">Ljudska priroda</a> • <a href="/wiki/Filozofija_matematike" title="Filozofija matematike">Matematika</a> • <a href="/wiki/Filozofija_povijesti" title="Filozofija povijesti">Povijest</a> • <a href="/wiki/Filozofija_prava" title="Filozofija prava">Pravo</a> • <a href="/wiki/Filozofija_religije" title="Filozofija religije">Religija</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Filozofija_tehnologije&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Filozofija tehnologije (stranica ne postoji)">Tehnologija</a> • <a href="/wiki/Filozofija_uma" title="Filozofija uma">Um</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Filozofija_znanosti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Filozofija znanosti (stranica ne postoji)">Znanost</a> • <a href="/wiki/Politi%C4%8Dka_filozofija" title="Politička filozofija">Politika</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-grupa" style=";;">Škole</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-popis navbox-neparni"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Analiti%C4%8Dka_filozofija" title="Analitička filozofija">Analitička filozofija</a> • <a href="/wiki/Dekonstrukcija" title="Dekonstrukcija">Dekonstrukcija</a> • <a href="/wiki/Dijalekti%C4%8Dki_materijalizam" title="Dijalektički materijalizam">Dijalektički materijalizam</a> • <a href="/wiki/Empirizam" title="Empirizam">Empirizam</a> • <a href="/wiki/Egzistencijalizam" class="mw-redirect" title="Egzistencijalizam">Egzistencijalizam</a> • <a href="/wiki/Fenomenologija" title="Fenomenologija">Fenomenologija</a> • <a href="/wiki/Hermeneutika" title="Hermeneutika">Hermeneutika</a> • <a href="/wiki/Idealizam" title="Idealizam">Idealizam</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kontinentalna_filozofija" title="Kontinentalna filozofija">Kontinentalna filozofija</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kriti%C4%8Dka_teorija" title="Kritička teorija">Kritička teorija</a> • <a href="/wiki/Logi%C4%8Dki_pozitivizam" title="Logički pozitivizam">Logički pozitivizam</a> • <a href="/wiki/Marksizam" title="Marksizam">Marksizam</a> • <a href="/wiki/Materijalizam" title="Materijalizam">Materijalizam</a> • <a href="/wiki/Nihilizam" title="Nihilizam">Nihilizam</a> • <a href="/wiki/Novoplatonizam" title="Novoplatonizam">Novoplatonizam</a> • <a href="/wiki/Platonizam" title="Platonizam">Platonizam</a> • <a href="/wiki/Postmodernizam" class="mw-redirect" title="Postmodernizam">Postmodernizam</a> • <a href="/wiki/Poststrukturalizam" title="Poststrukturalizam">Poststrukturalizam</a> • <a href="/wiki/Pozitivizam" title="Pozitivizam">Pozitivizam</a> • <a href="/wiki/Pragmatizam" title="Pragmatizam">Pragmatizam</a> • <a href="/wiki/Predsokratovci" class="mw-redirect" title="Predsokratovci">Predsokratovci</a> • <a href="/wiki/Racionalizam" title="Racionalizam">Racionalizam</a> • <a href="/wiki/Realizam_(filozofija)" title="Realizam (filozofija)">Realizam</a> • <a href="/wiki/Relativizam" title="Relativizam">Relativizam</a> • <a href="/wiki/Religijska_filozofija" title="Religijska filozofija">Religijska filozofija</a> • <a href="/wiki/Skepticizam" title="Skepticizam">Skepticizam</a> • <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Skolastika</a> • <a href="/wiki/Strukturalizam" title="Strukturalizam">Strukturalizam</a> • <a href="/wiki/Utilitarizam" title="Utilitarizam">Utilitarizam</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-iznadispod" style=";text-align:center; background-color: #ddf;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Filozofija" title="Kategorija:Filozofija">Kategorija</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Dobavljeno iz "<a dir="ltr" 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