Oxford Word of the Year 2024 - Oxford University Press

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class="full-screen-video alignfull block " style=""> <video playsinline autoplay muted loop poster=""> <source src="https://corp.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/vbb_1-1.mp4" type="video/mp4"> <source src="" type="video/webm"> </video> <div class="video-overlay blue"> <div class="wrapper"> <div class="inner big" data-aos='fade-up'> <div class="text"> <h1>Oxford Word of the Year</h1> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="scroll-down" data-aos='fade-down'> <span> Scroll down </span> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path d="M235.3 267.3L224 278.6l-11.3-11.3-160-160L41.4 96 64 73.4 75.3 84.7 224 233.4 372.7 84.7 384 73.4 406.6 96l-11.3 11.3-160 160zm0 192L224 470.6l-11.3-11.3-160-160L41.4 288 64 265.4l11.3 11.3L224 425.4 372.7 276.7 384 265.4 406.6 288l-11.3 11.3-160 160z"/></svg> </div> </div> <div id="block_3e3736eb1d02b7fb21d8e17402391b3e" class="sticky-menu alignfull block block-background-colour blue text-white merge-below " style=""> <div class="wrapper"> <div class="visible-desktop"> <div class="links-container"> <a class='h5' href="#shortlist-2024" target=''>Our 2024 shortlist</a> <a class='h5' href="#our-approach" target=''>Our approach</a> <a class='h5' href="#winners" target=''>Recent winners</a> </div> </div> <div class="visible-phone"> <div class="links-container"> <div class="click-to-expand"> <span class="btn-icon transparent"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path d="M401 113L241 273c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L47 113c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9s24.6-9.4 33.9 0l143 143L367 79c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0s9.4 24.6 0 33.9zm0 192L241 465c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L47 305c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9s24.6-9.4 33.9 0l143 143L367 271c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0s9.4 24.6 0 33.9z" fill='currentColor'/></svg>Click to expand</span> </div> <div class="links-container phone"> <a class='h5' href="#shortlist-2024" target=''>Our 2024 shortlist</a> <a class='h5' href="#our-approach" target=''>Our approach</a> <a class='h5' href="#winners" target=''>Recent winners</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="filler"></div> </div> <div id="block_28557fa3590442e78836b7a6bf55720b" class="title-and-text alignfull block text-auto merge-above merge-below " style=""> <div class="wrapper variable"> <div class="inner"> <h2 data-aos='fade-up'>And the Oxford Word of the Year 2024 is…</h2> <div class="intro-text" data-aos='fade-up'> <h1><span style="color: #0043e0;">brain rot</span></h1> <p style="text-align: center;">(n.) Supposed deterioration of a person’s mental or intellectual state, especially viewed as a result of overconsumption of material (now particularly online content) considered to be trivial or unchallenging. Also: something characterized as likely to lead to such deterioration.</p> </div> <div class="text" data-aos='fade-up'> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="block_7b492e9a96591c66c073d683282b4bac" class="text-and-image alignfull block merge-above " style=""> <div class='wrapper' data-aos='fade-up'> <div class="inner"> <div class='columns flip'> <div class='col'> <div class="text-block left"> <h2 class='' data-aos='fade-up'>Why ‘brain rot’?</h2> <div class="text " data-aos='fade-up'> <p>After over 37,000 votes, worldwide public discussion, and analysis of our language data, we have named ‘brain rot’ as our Word of the Year for 2024.</p> <p>Our experts noticed that ‘brain rot’ gained new prominence this year as a term used to capture concerns about the impact of consuming excessive amounts of low-quality online content, especially on social media. The term increased in usage frequency by 230% between 2023 and 2024.</p> <p>The first recorded use of ‘brain rot’ was found in 1854 in Henry David Thoreau’s book <em>Walden</em>, but has taken on new significance as an expression in the digital age.</p> </div> <a href="https://corp.oup.com/news/brain-rot-named-oxford-word-of-the-year-2024/" target='' class="button " data-aos='fade-up'>Read more about ‘brain rot’</a> </div> </div> <div class='col image' data-aos='fade-up'> <img src='https://corp.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/WOTY24_winnerarticle_1200x800_2.png' alt=''> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="block_19e4a67fd8b7705801cb72f10da9177d" class="text-blocks alignfull block merge-above dark-text" style=""> <div class="wrapper middle"> <div class="inner"> <h2></h2> <div class="text-blocks-grid centre"> <div class="text-block-container" data-aos='fade-up'> <img decoding="async" src="https://corp.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/CasperGroundel-500x500.png" alt=""> <div class="subtitle"> </div> <h3 class='h2 post-title'>Casper Grathwohl</h3> <div class="text"> <p>President of Oxford Languages</p> <p><em><span class="TextRun SCXW117491602 BCX4" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="none"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW117491602 BCX4">”</span></span>Looking back at the Oxford Word of the Year over the past two decades, you can see society’s growing preoccupation with how our virtual lives are evolving, the way internet culture is permeating so much of who we are and what we talk about. Last year’s winning word, ‘rizz’, was an interesting example of how language is increasingly formed, shaped, and shared within online communities.</em></p> <p><em>‘Brain rot’ speaks to one of the perceived dangers of virtual life, and how we are using our free time. It feels like a rightful next chapter in the cultural conversation about humanity and technology. It’s not surprising that so many voters embraced the term, endorsing it as our choice this year.<span class="TextRun SCXW117491602 BCX4" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="none"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW117491602 BCX4">”</span></span></em></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="shortlist-2024" class="mini-report alignfull block " style=""> <div class="colour-scheme dark-blue"> <div class="wrapper" data-aos='fade-up'> <div class="inner small"> <div class="text-block centre"> <h2 class='' data-aos='fade-up'>Learn more about our shortlist</h2> </div> <div class="swiper"> <div class="swiper-pagination"></div> <div class="swiper-wrapper"> <div class="swiper-slide" data-heading="brain rot"> <div class="columns"> <div class="col"> <h2 style="text-align: left;"><strong><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignnone wp-image-4565" src="https://corp.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/brainrot.png" alt="" width="55" height="55" srcset="https://corp.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/brainrot.png 333w, https://corp.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/brainrot-150x150.png 150w" sizes="(max-width: 55px) 100vw, 55px" /> </strong>brain rot</h2> <p style="font-weight: 400;">(n.) Supposed deterioration of a person’s mental or intellectual state, especially viewed as a result of overconsumption of material (now particularly online content) considered to be trivial or unchallenging. Also: something characterized as likely to lead to such deterioration.</p> </div> <div class="col"> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Origin</strong></p> <p style="font-weight: 400;">The first recorded use of ‘brain rot’ that we’ve identified was in Henry David Thoreau’s book <em>Walden</em> in 1854, with a small number of further occurrences in the nineteenth century.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Why is it in our shortlist?</strong></p> <p style="font-weight: 400;">Although it is not a new or recent concept, ‘brain rot’ has been widely used on social media this year, particularly on TikTok, and the term has become more prominent, increasing by 250% in frequency per million words between 2023 and 2024 in our corpus.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="swiper-slide" data-heading="demure"> <div class="columns"> <div class="col"> <h2 style="font-weight: 400; text-align: left;"><strong><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignnone wp-image-4566" src="https://corp.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/demure.png" alt="" width="56" height="56" srcset="https://corp.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/demure.png 333w, https://corp.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/demure-150x150.png 150w" sizes="(max-width: 56px) 100vw, 56px" /> </strong>demure</h2> <p style="font-weight: 400;">(adj.) Of a person: reserved or restrained in appearance or behaviour. Of clothing: not showy, ostentatious, or overly revealing.</p> </div> <div class="col"> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Origin</strong></p> <p style="font-weight: 400;">The earliest use of ‘demure’ in the <em>Oxford English Dictionary</em> is from 1377, referring to the sea being calm.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;">The OED sense—‘Of persons (and their bearing, speech, etc.): Sober, grave, serious; reserved or composed in demeanour’—is attested from the late 1400s and has been in continuous use since then. We’ve seen use referring to unostentatious clothing since at least the seventeenth century.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Why is it in our shortlist?</strong></p> <p style="font-weight: 400;">We saw a big increase in usage of ‘demure’ in August 2024, after <a href="https://www.tiktok.com/@joolieannie" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Jools Lebron</a> used the word in a short viral video on TikTok. Lebron’s use of the phrase ‘very demure, very mindful’ to refer to her clothing and makeup choices was picked up and widely repeated by users on the platform and in the media.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;">Some commentators saw the trend as a reaction to the idea of a ‘brat summer’ (popularized in the wake of Charli XCX’s album <em>Brat</em>); while ‘brat’ was widely associated with impulsive, hedonistic, and self-confident behaviour and outlook, ‘demure’ is linked to an idea of personal reserve and careful self-presentation.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="swiper-slide" data-heading="dynamic pricing"> <div class="columns"> <div class="col"> <h2 style="font-weight: 400; text-align: left;"><strong><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignnone wp-image-4567" src="https://corp.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/dynamicpricing.png" alt="" width="54" height="54" srcset="https://corp.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/dynamicpricing.png 333w, https://corp.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/dynamicpricing-150x150.png 150w" sizes="(max-width: 54px) 100vw, 54px" /> </strong>dynamic pricing</h2> <p style="font-weight: 400;">(n.) The practice of varying the price for a product or service to reflect changing market conditions; in particular, the charging of a higher price at a time of greater demand.</p> </div> <div class="col"> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Origin</strong></p> <p style="font-weight: 400;">‘Dynamic pricing’ is a loan translation—or ‘calque’—of the Swedish term ‘dynamiska prisbildning’. It found its way into English through the work of two Swedish economists: Gunnar Myrdal, who coined the original phrase in 1927, and Erik Lindahl, who translated Myrdal’s work into English in 1929.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;">Since then, the term has been regularly used in economic and business contexts, but has recently become prominent in less specialized use.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Why is it in our shortlist?</strong></p> <p style="font-weight: 400;">Whilst dynamic pricing is not a new phenomenon, this year has seen a heightened awareness of—and controversy over—its use. In some high-profile cases, dynamic pricing was used in setting prices for concert tickets, resulting in fans (often reluctantly) paying very high prices to see their favourite artists. In some cases, fans were in a virtual queue for hours before realizing how much they would be asked to pay, leading to questions about the transparency of dynamic pricing practices, as well as value for money.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="swiper-slide" data-heading="lore"> <div class="columns"> <div class="col"> <h2 style="font-weight: 400; text-align: left;"><strong><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignnone wp-image-4568" src="https://corp.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/lore.png" alt="" width="55" height="55" srcset="https://corp.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/lore.png 333w, https://corp.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/lore-150x150.png 150w" sizes="(max-width: 55px) 100vw, 55px" /> </strong>lore</h2> <p style="font-weight: 400;">(n.) A body of (supposed) facts, background information, and anecdotes relating to someone or something, regarded as knowledge required for full understanding or informed discussion of the subject in question.</p> </div> <div class="col"> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Origin</strong></p> <p style="font-weight: 400;">The oldest sense of ‘lore’ in the <em>Oxford English Dictionary</em> is ‘the act of teaching; the condition of being taught; instruction, tuition, education’, coming from the Blickling Homilies, a collection of Old English sermons which is around 1,000 years old.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;">Another sense refers to ‘the body of traditional facts, anecdotes, or beliefs relating to some particular subject; as in <em>animal lore</em>, <em>bird lore</em>, <em>fairy lore</em>, <em>plant lore</em>, etc.’.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Why is it in our shortlist?</strong></p> <p style="font-weight: 400;">In recent years, people have been using ‘lore’ in different ways and in new contexts. For example, they might now talk about the lore surrounding a particular celebrity, or a character in a book or film, or even refer to their own personal history as their lore. Online cultures and social media have seen the emergence of new kinds of celebrities and highly-engaged fandoms, and the word has been applied much more widely.</p> <p>It is often a sign of ‘gatekeeping’ behaviour, in which some fans lay claim to a superior knowledge as a means of asserting themselves over other fans who they claim ‘do not know the lore’ as well as them.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="swiper-slide" data-heading="romantasy"> <div class="columns"> <div class="col"> <h2 style="font-weight: 400; text-align: left;"><strong><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignnone wp-image-4569" src="https://corp.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/romantasy.png" alt="" width="54" height="54" srcset="https://corp.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/romantasy.png 333w, https://corp.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/romantasy-150x150.png 150w" sizes="(max-width: 54px) 100vw, 54px" /> </strong>romantasy</h2> <p style="font-weight: 400;">(n.) A genre of fiction combining elements of romantic fiction and fantasy, typically featuring themes of magic, the supernatural, or adventure alongside a central romantic storyline.</p> </div> <div class="col"> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Origin</strong></p> <p style="font-weight: 400;">In this sense, ‘romantasy’ originates from 2008 when the word was used as a genre label by Random House in Germany, for a German translation of an English romantic fantasy novel.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Why is it in our shortlist?</strong></p> <p style="font-weight: 400;">After a gradual increase in use over time, ‘romantasy’ has sharply increased in use and become mainstream in the past year. This increase could be down to a couple of factors. The romantasy genre is very popular in spaces on TikTok where people discuss and recommend books—a community known as BookTok—which may have contributed to wider awareness and use of the word. Meanwhile, the popularity of the romantasy genre itself could perhaps be linked to an increased appetite for escapism to counteract widespread political and economic gloom.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="swiper-slide" data-heading="slop"> <div class="columns"> <div class="col"> <h2 style="font-weight: 400; text-align: left;"><strong><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignnone wp-image-4570" src="https://corp.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/slop.png" alt="" width="55" height="55" srcset="https://corp.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/slop.png 333w, https://corp.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/slop-150x150.png 150w" sizes="(max-width: 55px) 100vw, 55px" /> </strong>slop</h2> <p style="font-weight: 400;">(n.) Art, writing, or other content generated using artificial intelligence, shared and distributed online in an indiscriminate or intrusive way, and characterized as being of low quality, inauthentic, or inaccurate.</p> </div> <div class="col"> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Origin</strong></p> <p style="font-weight: 400;">‘Slop’ has been used to refer to cultural material since at least the mid-nineteenth century, originally being applied to overly sentimental literature, and later more generally to nonsense or rubbish.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Why is it in our shortlist?</strong></p> <p style="font-weight: 400;">In 2024, we have seen a 332% increase in the use of ‘slop’ to refer specifically to material produced using a large language model (LLM), which is often viewed as being low-quality or inaccurate. This type of low-quality, AI-generated material is becoming increasingly visible to people using internet search engines or social media, who often view it as unwanted or inferior.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="our-approach" class="title-and-text alignfull block block-background-colour blue text-white merge-below " style=""> <div class="wrapper variable"> <div class="inner"> <h2 data-aos='fade-up'></h2> <div class="intro-text" data-aos='fade-up'> </div> <div class="text" data-aos='fade-up'> <h1 style="text-align: center;">Our approach</h1> <h3>Every year, our lexicographers analyse the English language to summarize words and expression that have reflected our world during the last 12 months.</h3> <p style="text-align: center;">We analyse data and trends to identify new and emerging words and expressions, which our lexicographers think of as a ‘single unit’, and examine the shifts in how more established language is being used. The team also consider suggestions from our colleagues and the public, and look back at the world’s most influential moments of the year to inform their shortlist—culminating in a word or expression of cultural significance.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <figure class="wp-block-image alignfull size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1920" height="165" src="https://corp.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/starsvg.svg" alt="" class="wp-image-4214"/></figure> <div id="block_fcde14484b50772797af1fdad3b414a9" class="title-and-text alignfull block block-background-colour dark-blue text-white merge-above merge-below " style=""> <div class="wrapper variable"> <div class="inner"> <h2 data-aos='fade-up'>Celebrating 20 years of Oxford Word of the Year</h2> <div class="intro-text" data-aos='fade-up'> <p style="text-align: center;">In 2024, we’re delighted to be celebrating our 20th anniversary, as we reflect on the words that stood the test of time, as well as the ones that captured a moment.</p> </div> <div class="text" data-aos='fade-up'> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="block_2102ad820fba6f7e93d7ce4aa95dfbae" class="image-slider alignfull block block-background-colour dark-blue text-white merge-above merge-below single-col" style=""> <div class="wrapper"> <div class="inner"> <div class="columns"> <div class="col image-column" data-aos="fade-up"> <div class="swiper"> <div class="navigation-buttons" data-aos='fade-up'> <div class="swiper-navigation prev"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="50" height="50" viewBox="0 0 50 50"> <g id="Group_380" data-name="Group 380" transform="translate(-1352 -1870)"> <path id="Path_64" data-name="Path 64" d="M13,38.25,28.625,22.625,13,7" transform="translate(1357.75 1872.375)" fill="none" stroke="#c9d6d7" stroke-miterlimit="10" stroke-width="2"/> <g id="Ellipse_2" data-name="Ellipse 2" transform="translate(1352 1870)" fill="none" stroke="#c9d6d7" stroke-width="2"> <circle cx="25" cy="25" r="25" stroke="none"/> <circle cx="25" cy="25" r="24" fill="none"/> </g> </g> </svg> </div> <div class="swiper-navigation next"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="50" height="50" viewBox="0 0 50 50"> <g id="Group_380" data-name="Group 380" transform="translate(-1352 -1870)"> <path id="Path_64" data-name="Path 64" d="M13,38.25,28.625,22.625,13,7" transform="translate(1357.75 1872.375)" fill="none" stroke="#c9d6d7" stroke-miterlimit="10" stroke-width="2"/> <g id="Ellipse_2" data-name="Ellipse 2" transform="translate(1352 1870)" fill="none" stroke="#c9d6d7" stroke-width="2"> <circle cx="25" cy="25" r="25" stroke="none"/> <circle cx="25" cy="25" r="24" fill="none"/> </g> </g> </svg> </div> </div> <div class="swiper-wrapper"> <div class="swiper-slide"> <figure> <img decoding="async" src="https://corp.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/WOTY_TimelineWinnerslideUPDATED_Slide1.png" alt=""> </figure> </div> <div class="swiper-slide"> <figure> <img decoding="async" src="https://corp.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/2.png" alt=""> </figure> </div> <div class="swiper-slide"> <figure> <img decoding="async" src="https://corp.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/3.png" alt=""> </figure> </div> <div class="swiper-slide"> <figure> <img decoding="async" src="https://corp.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/WOTYtimeline_landingpage_FINAL-1_Page_4-1600x1080.png" alt=""> </figure> </div> <div class="swiper-slide"> <figure> <img decoding="async" src="https://corp.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/5.png" alt=""> </figure> </div> <div class="swiper-slide"> <figure> <img decoding="async" src="https://corp.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/WOTY_TimelineWinnerslideUPDATED.png" alt=""> </figure> </div> </div> <div class="swiper-pagination"></div> </div> </div> <div class="col text-column" data-aos="fade-up"> <div class="text-block centre"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="block_f66e2272410f6e98452988a5bccac1aa" class="text-and-image alignfull block block-background-colour light-grey " style=""> <div class='wrapper' data-aos='fade-up'> <div class="inner"> <div class='columns'> <div class='col'> <div class="text-block left"> <div class="text " data-aos='fade-up'> <h2>Defining the past 20 years</h2> <p>Find out all about the history of Oxford Word of the Year with us.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">We take a look at our past winners and shortlisted candidates, and explore some of the key themes, developments, and moods that they have captured over the years.</p> <p> </p> </div> <a href="https://corp.oup.com/feature/oxford-word-of-the-year-defining-the-past-20-years/" target='' class="button " data-aos='fade-up'>Read our insights</a> </div> </div> <div class='col image' data-aos='fade-up'> <img src='https://corp.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Featured-insights-2-01.png' alt=''> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="block_c322620e422d27fd1c0034b3942190ba" class="title-and-text alignfull block text-black merge-below " style=""> <div class="wrapper variable"> <div class="inner"> <h2 data-aos='fade-up'></h2> <div class="intro-text" data-aos='fade-up'> <h1 style="text-align: center;">Recent winners</h1> </div> <div class="text" data-aos='fade-up'> <h3 style="text-align: center;">Read more about some of our winning words and how we chose them, with insights shared by our Oxford Languages team.</h3> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="winners" class="image-and-text-slider alignfull block merge-above " style=""> <div class="wrapper"> <div class="inner" data-aos="fade-up"> <div class="text-block centre"> </div> <div class="swiper"> <div class="navigation-buttons" data-aos='fade-up'> <div class="swiper-navigation prev"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="50" height="50" viewBox="0 0 50 50"> <g id="Group_380" data-name="Group 380" transform="translate(-1352 -1870)"> <path id="Path_64" data-name="Path 64" d="M13,38.25,28.625,22.625,13,7" transform="translate(1357.75 1872.375)" fill="none" stroke="#c9d6d7" stroke-miterlimit="10" stroke-width="2"/> <g id="Ellipse_2" data-name="Ellipse 2" transform="translate(1352 1870)" fill="none" stroke="#c9d6d7" stroke-width="2"> <circle cx="25" cy="25" r="25" stroke="none"/> <circle cx="25" cy="25" r="24" fill="none"/> </g> </g> </svg> </div> <div class="swiper-navigation next"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="50" height="50" viewBox="0 0 50 50"> <g id="Group_380" data-name="Group 380" transform="translate(-1352 -1870)"> <path id="Path_64" data-name="Path 64" d="M13,38.25,28.625,22.625,13,7" transform="translate(1357.75 1872.375)" fill="none" stroke="#c9d6d7" stroke-miterlimit="10" stroke-width="2"/> <g id="Ellipse_2" data-name="Ellipse 2" transform="translate(1352 1870)" fill="none" stroke="#c9d6d7" stroke-width="2"> <circle cx="25" cy="25" r="25" stroke="none"/> <circle cx="25" cy="25" r="24" fill="none"/> </g> </g> </svg> </div> </div> <div class="swiper-wrapper"> <div class="swiper-slide"> <div class="columns"> <div class="col text-column"> <div class="text-block centre"> <h2 class='' data-aos='fade-up'>2023: Rizz</h2> <div class="text " data-aos='fade-up'> <p>Through head-to-head contests held over an action-packed four-day period, over 30,000 people whittled a shortlist of eight words down to four finalists—<em>rizz</em>, <em>Swiftie</em>, <em>situationship</em>, and <em>prompt</em>. Our language experts considered our corpus data, the number of votes, and public commentary, before we announced <em>rizz </em>as the Oxford Word of the Year 2023.</p> </div> <a href="https://languages.oup.com/word-of-the-year/2023/" target='_blank' class="button " data-aos='fade-up'>Read our report on rizz</a> </div> </div> <div class="col"> <figure> <img decoding="async" src="https://corp.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Rizz-carusel-01.png" alt=""> </figure> </div> </div> </div> <div class="swiper-slide"> <div class="columns"> <div class="col text-column"> <div class="text-block centre"> <h2 class='' data-aos='fade-up'>2022: Goblin mode</h2> <div class="text " data-aos='fade-up'> <p>As the world began to open up after the pandemic, we opened up the Oxford Word of the Year to a public vote in 2022—the first time in our history—giving people worldwide a chance to choose from our shortlist. Over 340,000 votes later, <em>goblin mode</em> took the crown with a 93% share of the vote, beating <em>metaverse</em> and <em>#IStandWith</em>.</p> </div> <a href="https://languages.oup.com/word-of-the-year/2022/" target='_blank' class="button " data-aos='fade-up'>The year the world went goblin mode</a> </div> </div> <div class="col"> <figure> <img decoding="async" src="https://corp.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Untitled-7.png" alt=""> </figure> </div> </div> </div> <div class="swiper-slide"> <div class="columns"> <div class="col text-column"> <div class="text-block centre"> <h2 class='' data-aos='fade-up'>2021: Vax</h2> <div class="text " data-aos='fade-up'> <p>As Covid vaccinations began to roll out, we noticed the growth of the term ‘vax’ and its multiple derivatives, and the range of contexts it was being used in—such as <em>getting vaxxed</em>, <em>fully vaxxed</em>, and <em>vax cards</em>.</p> </div> <a href="https://languages.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/oxford-languages-word-of-the-year-2021.pdf" target='_blank' class="button " data-aos='fade-up'>Read more about vax</a> </div> </div> <div class="col"> <figure> <img decoding="async" src="https://corp.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/vax2.png" alt=""> </figure> </div> </div> </div> <div class="swiper-slide"> <div class="columns"> <div class="col text-column"> <div class="text-block centre"> <h2 class='' data-aos='fade-up'>2020: Words of an Unprecedented Year</h2> <div class="text " data-aos='fade-up'> <p>We decided that we could not sum up the events of 2020 and the pandemic with a single word, given the range and speed of change during the year. Instead, we released a report on the Words of an Unprecedented Year.</p> </div> <a href="https://languages.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/oxford-languages-words-of-an-unprecedented-year-2020.pdf" target='_blank' class="button " data-aos='fade-up'>Find out more</a> </div> </div> <div class="col"> <figure> <img decoding="async" src="https://corp.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/2020.png" alt=""> </figure> </div> </div> </div> <div class="swiper-slide"> <div class="columns"> <div class="col text-column"> <div class="text-block centre"> <h2 class='' data-aos='fade-up'>2019: Climate emergency</h2> <div class="text " data-aos='fade-up'> <p>Heightened public awareness of climate science and the implications for communities around the world generated enormous discussion around the world. In 2019, our research found an escalation in the language people use to articulate information and ideas concerning the climate—leading us to name <em>climate emergency</em> as Word of the Year and to compile a themed shortlist of words increasingly being used about the climate.</p> </div> <a href="https://languages.oup.com/word-of-the-year/2019/" target='_blank' class="button " data-aos='fade-up'>Read more on climate emergency</a> </div> </div> <div class="col"> <figure> <img decoding="async" src="https://corp.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Climate-v2.png" alt=""> </figure> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="swiper-pagination"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="block_80aa6973de5bb5eacd19625e402cf215" class="feature-posts alignfull block merge-above " style=""> <div class="wrapper"> <div class="inner small"> <div class="text-block centre"> <h2 class='' data-aos='fade-up'>Related stories</h2> </div> <div class="feature-posts-container inner small "> <div 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