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<div id='redlist-js'></div> <div class='feature layout-feature bg-brand'> <div class='layout-container layout-container--centered'> <p class='feature__title'><strong>More than 46,300 species</strong> are threatened with extinction</p> <div class='layout-justify u--margin-bottom-lg'> <p class='feature__subtitle'>That is still 28% of all assessed species.</p> </div> <div class='panels panels--row'> <div class='bg-brand-darker layout-panel panel panel--dark' title='Percentage threatened within the group'> <div class='layout-panel-major'> <p class='heading heading--panel'>Amphibians</p> <p class='panel__data panel__data--key'><strong>41%</strong></p> </div> <div class='layout-panel-minor'> <img class="feature__icon" alt="" title="Percentage threatened within the group" src="https://nrl.iucnredlist.org/assets/icons/taxonomy-amphibians-9031ab78070d1b80a7537ec8baa788814a129d149db7702f76bcf38bb34a4601.svg" /> </div> </div> <div class='bg-brand-darker layout-panel panel panel--dark'> <div class='layout-panel-major'> <p class='heading heading--panel'>Mammals</p> <p class='panel__data panel__data--key'><strong>26%</strong></p> </div> <div class='layout-panel-minor'> <img class="feature__icon" alt="" src="https://nrl.iucnredlist.org/assets/icons/taxonomy-mammals-7617735825d78d25d3b3ebc80e5cb3e4b54e83f9a41a90f8be28ce643442f2ce.svg" /> </div> </div> <div class='bg-brand-darker layout-panel panel panel--dark'> <div class='layout-panel-major'> <p class='heading heading--panel'>Conifers</p> <p class='panel__data panel__data--key'><strong>34%</strong></p> </div> <div class='layout-panel-minor'> <img class="feature__icon" alt="" src="https://nrl.iucnredlist.org/assets/icons/taxonomy-conifers-b142c401f7f4eb061949b323c5ff015526bc573f21b73cfd811bcf28637814ef.svg" /> </div> </div> <div class='bg-brand-darker layout-panel panel panel--dark'> <div class='layout-panel-major'> <p class='heading heading--panel'>Birds</p> <p class='panel__data panel__data--key'><strong>12%</strong></p> </div> <div class='layout-panel-minor'> <img class="feature__icon" alt="" src="https://nrl.iucnredlist.org/assets/icons/taxonomy-birds-1c9a25ad1ae27dbbafc3f7f29c0c2ff2281452e79ac03d1ad4453fbb5e9dac10.svg" /> </div> </div> <div class='bg-brand-darker layout-panel panel panel--dark'> <div class='layout-panel-major'> <p class='heading heading--panel'>Sharks & Rays</p> <p class='panel__data panel__data--key'><strong>37%</strong></p> </div> <div class='layout-panel-minor'> <img class="feature__icon" alt="" src="https://nrl.iucnredlist.org/assets/icons/taxonomy-sharks-8417182ca2e61aedc243ce946e10edc4da0c07427fc5fe3b64026c2ea407dd24.svg" /> </div> </div> <div class='bg-brand-darker layout-panel panel panel--dark'> <div class='layout-panel-major'> <p class='heading heading--panel'>Reef corals</p> <p class='panel__data panel__data--key'><strong>44%</strong></p> </div> <div class='layout-panel-minor'> <img class="feature__icon" alt="" src="https://nrl.iucnredlist.org/assets/icons/taxonomy-corals-54eaf36b5294b95b361ce378f336703b8e0b71c0e8a71ef9af8d54b963d26e9d.svg" /> </div> </div> <div class='bg-brand-darker layout-panel panel panel--dark'> <div class='layout-panel-major'> <p class='heading heading--panel'>Selected Crustaceans</p> <p class='panel__data panel__data--key'><strong>28%</strong></p> </div> <div class='layout-panel-minor'> <img class="feature__icon" alt="" src="https://nrl.iucnredlist.org/assets/icons/taxonomy-crustaceans-02ab4506e96e6a1bd5152e49bb6a7fcb2afd4b7291a97b9658a26941e6b05b01.svg" /> </div> </div> <div class='bg-brand-darker layout-panel panel panel--dark'> <div class='layout-panel-major'> <p class='heading heading--panel'>reptiles</p> <p class='panel__data panel__data--key'><strong>21%</strong></p> </div> <div class='layout-panel-minor'> <img class="feature__icon feature__icon--reptile" alt="" src="https://nrl.iucnredlist.org/assets/icons/taxonomy-reptile-9ac37b8f147fc77dc365dd9a951914841df71d88c09d86e2255344fbc422fdca.svg" /> </div> </div> <div class='bg-brand-darker layout-panel panel panel--dark'> <div class='layout-panel-major'> <p class='heading heading--panel'>Cycads</p> <p class='panel__data panel__data--key'><strong>71%</strong></p> </div> <div class='layout-panel-minor'> <img class="feature__icon feature__icon--cycad" alt="" src="https://nrl.iucnredlist.org/assets/icons/taxonomy-cycad-9947f4c78f5b51f53c1041f647d06e659e6f0d0c236aafde8a70c1d9c4cbda6d.svg" /> </div> </div> </div> <div class='layout-baseline'> <a class="cta cta--primary" href="/support/donate">Take action</a> <div class='feature__body'> <p>Help us make The IUCN Red List a more complete barometer of life.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <section class='section layout-section'> <h1 class='heading heading--section'>News from IUCN</h1> <div class='cards cards--wide'> <article class='card card--3n card--row card--row--narrow card--shadowed'> <div class='layout-card-minor'> <img class="card__thumbnail u--padding-md" alt="" src="https://nc.iucnredlist.org/redlist/news_snippets/images/1730966997-redlist-campaign-banner-New.jpg" /> </div> <div class='layout-card-major cms-content'> <header class='card__header'> <span class='card__classification'></span> <h2 class='card__title card__title--medium'>IUCN marks 60th anniversary of Red List with year-long campaign to accelerate species assessments</h2> </header> <div class='card__body'> <p><p>Supporters of IUCN gathered on the sidelines of the 16th CoP to the UN Convention on Biodiversity in Cali, Colombia on 28 October to celebrate the 60th anniversary of the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species and to chart an ambitious path forwards for expanding the “barometer of life”.</p> </p> <a href='https://iucn.org/story/202410/iucn-marks-60th-anniversary-red-list-year-long-campaign-accelerate-species-assessments'>Read the full article on IUCN</a> <a aria-hidden='true' class='link--faux' href='https://iucn.org/story/202410/iucn-marks-60th-anniversary-red-list-year-long-campaign-accelerate-species-assessments' tabindex='-1'>Read the full article on IUCN</a> </div> </div> </article> <article class='card card--3n card--row card--row--narrow card--shadowed'> <div class='layout-card-minor'> <img class="card__thumbnail u--padding-md" alt="" src="https://nc.iucnredlist.org/redlist/news_snippets/images/1731490897-4980_2.jpg" /> </div> <div class='layout-card-major cms-content'> <header class='card__header'> <span class='card__classification'></span> <h2 class='card__title card__title--medium'>Over 40% of coral species face extinction – IUCN Red List</h2> </header> <div class='card__body'> <p><p>Forty-four per cent of reef-building coral species globally are at risk of extinction, the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ reveals following a global assessment announced today at the ongoing COP29 UN climate conference in Azerbaijan.</p> </p> <a href='https://iucn.org/press-release/202411/over-40-coral-species-face-extinction-iucn-red-list'>Read the full article on IUCN</a> <a aria-hidden='true' class='link--faux' href='https://iucn.org/press-release/202411/over-40-coral-species-face-extinction-iucn-red-list' tabindex='-1'>Read the full article on IUCN</a> </div> </div> </article> <article class='card card--3n card--row card--row--narrow card--shadowed'> <div class='layout-card-minor'> <img class="card__thumbnail u--padding-md" alt="" src="https://nc.iucnredlist.org/redlist/news_snippets/images/1730142410-garcinia-portoricensis-tree-puerto-rico.-photo-by-3t-vakil_cropped-2.jpg" /> </div> <div class='layout-card-major cms-content'> <header class='card__header'> <span class='card__classification'>2024-10-28</span> <h2 class='card__title card__title--medium'>More than one in three tree species worldwide faces extinction - IUCN Red List</h2> </header> <div class='card__body'> <p><p class="article__text">The first Global Tree Assessment shows 38% of the world’s trees are threatened, according to the IUCN Red List. The latest update of the Red List also highlights the Western European hedgehog is in decline, causing its status to increase to Near Threatened.</p> </p> <a href='https://iucn.org/press-release/202410/more-one-three-tree-species-worldwide-faces-extinction-iucn-red-list'>Read the full article on IUCN</a> <a aria-hidden='true' class='link--faux' href='https://iucn.org/press-release/202410/more-one-three-tree-species-worldwide-faces-extinction-iucn-red-list' tabindex='-1'>Read the full article on IUCN</a> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div class='u--align-center'> <a class="section__link-out" href="/news">See all news</a> </div> </section> <section class='section bg-mid layout-feature'> <div class='layout-pair__section layout-container layout-container--centered'> <div class='layout-pair__section__minor'> <figure> <img class="" alt="Main Image" title="© Alejandro Palmarola" src="https://nrl.iucnredlist.org/assets/home/harpalyce_macrocarpa-8b592ff8c46b881b478b65ff915fec77c0801c7f3c22a2ef1de71fca5b641571.jpg" /> <figcaption class='text-caption'> <i> Harpalyce macrocarpa </i> (Critically Endangered, C2a(i) <a href='resources/categories-and-criteria'>ver. 3.1</a>) </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class='layout-pair__section__major -right'> <h1 class='section__title'>What is The IUCN Red List?</h1> <div class='section__body'><p>Established in 1964, <strong>The International Union for Conservation of Nature’s Red List of Threatened Species</strong> has evolved to become the world’s most comprehensive information source on the global conservation status of animal, fungi and plant species.</p> <p>The IUCN Red List is a critical indicator of the health of the world’s biodiversity. Far more than a list of species and their status, it is a powerful tool to inform and catalyze action for biodiversity conservation and policy change, critical to protecting the natural resources we need to survive. It provides information about range, population size, habitat and ecology, use and/or trade, threats, and conservation actions that will help inform necessary conservation decisions.</p></div> <a class='section__link' href='about/background-history'>Learn more about The IUCN Red List</a> </div> </div> </section> <section class='section layout-section' id='redlist_categories_and_criteria'> <div class='layout-pair__section section--bordered'> <div class='layout-pair__section__minor'> <h1 class='section__name section__name--borderless'>The IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria</h1> </div> <div class='layout-pair__section__major -right'> <div class='section__body'> <p> The IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria are intended to be an easily and widely understood system for classifying species at high risk of global extinction. It divides species into nine categories: <strong>Not Evaluated</strong>, <strong>Data Deficient</strong>, <strong>Least Concern</strong>, <strong>Near Threatened</strong>, <strong>Vulnerable</strong>, <strong>Endangered</strong>, <strong>Critically Endangered</strong>, <strong>Extinct in the Wild</strong> and <strong>Extinct</strong>. </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class='categories__frame'> <ul class='categories__frame__slides'> <li class='card card--row card--row--wide card--shadowed'> <div class='layout-card-minor u--align-center'> <img class="u--padding-lg" alt="" src="https://nrl.iucnredlist.org/assets/category-lg/category-lg_dd-3c0d0ae8cd2f4488acf46a608631b9193cf6e650e42c84a15bab96d854d7c99e.svg" /> </div> <div class='layout-card-major'> <header class='card__header'> <h2 class='card__title card__title--xlarge'>Data Deficient (DD)</h2> </header> <div class='card__body'> <p> A taxon is <strong>Data Deficient (DD)</strong> when there is inadequate information to make a direct, or indirect, assessment of its risk of extinction based on its distribution and/or population status. A taxon in this category may be well studied, and its biology well known, but appropriate data on abundance and/or distribution are lacking. </p> <p> <a href="/search?redListCategory=dd">Species categorized as Data Deficient (DD)</a> </p> </div> </div> </li> <li class='arrow'></li> <li class='card card--row card--row--wide card--shadowed'> <div class='layout-card-minor u--align-center'> <img class="u--padding-lg" alt="" src="https://nrl.iucnredlist.org/assets/category-lg/category-lg_lc-d3731e342769efbfd4604f953cfe3c4301a901253deb5f835cbb08eec5f1bc02.svg" /> </div> <div class='layout-card-major'> <header class='card__header'> <h2 class='card__title card__title--xlarge'>Least Concern (LC)</h2> </header> <div class='card__body'> <p> A taxon is <strong>Least Concern (LC)</strong> when it has been evaluated against the Red List criteria and does not qualify for <strong>Critically Endangered</strong>, <strong>Endangered</strong>, <strong>Vulnerable</strong> or <strong>Near Threatened</strong>. </p> <a href="/search?redListCategory=lc">Species categorized as Least Concern (LC)</a> </div> </div> </li> <li class='arrow'></li> <li class='card card--row card--row--wide card--shadowed'> <div class='layout-card-minor u--align-center'> <img class="u--padding-lg" alt="" src="https://nrl.iucnredlist.org/assets/category-lg/category-lg_nt-b1b4d7e271e9257d722fa2e9e9f4c5619b658e6f1d88f4e7da8edf8bce2a7ccb.svg" /> </div> <div class='layout-card-major'> <header class='card__header'> <h2 class='card__title card__title--xlarge'>Near Threatened (NT)</h2> </header> <div class='card__body'> <p> A taxon is <strong>Near Threatened (NT)</strong> when it has been evaluated against the criteria but does not qualify for <strong>Critically Endangered</strong>, <strong>Endangered</strong> or <strong>Vulnerable</strong> now, but is close to qualifying for or is likely to qualify for a threatened category in the near future. </p> <p> <a href="/search?redListCategory=nt">Species categorized as Near Threatened (NT)</a> </p> </div> </div> </li> <li class='arrow'></li> <li class='card card--row card--row--wide card--shadowed'> <div class='layout-card-minor u--align-center'> <img class="u--padding-lg" alt="" src="https://nrl.iucnredlist.org/assets/category-lg/category-lg_vu-a498d553d90492b82044d2046ee9d6a16af6fe94c9ab59529950a6f62ab1a9a1.svg" /> </div> <div class='layout-card-major'> <header class='card__header'> <h2 class='card__title card__title--xlarge'>Vulnerable (VU)</h2> </header> <div class='card__body'> <p> A taxon is <strong>Vulnerable (VU)</strong> when the best available evidence indicates that it meets any of the criteria A to E for Vulnerable, and it is therefore considered to be facing a high risk of extinction in the wild. </p> <p> <a href="/search?redListCategory=vu">Species categorized as Vulnerable (VU)</a> </p> </div> </div> </li> <li class='arrow'></li> <li class='card card--row card--row--wide card--shadowed'> <div class='layout-card-minor u--align-center'> <img class="u--padding-lg" alt="" src="https://nrl.iucnredlist.org/assets/category-lg/category-lg_en-3d09fbfbe01ad6207d5ba4226eb0d8ea2310317f027a8aabe3bbedb74857a309.svg" /> </div> <div class='layout-card-major'> <header class='card__header'> <h2 class='card__title card__title--xlarge'>Endangered (EN)</h2> </header> <div class='card__body'> <p> A taxon is <strong>Endangered (EN)</strong> when the best available evidence indicates that it meets any of the criteria A to E for Endangered, and it is therefore considered to be facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild. </p> <p> <a href="/search?redListCategory=en">Species categorized as Endangered (EN)</a> </p> </div> </div> </li> <li class='arrow'></li> <li class='card card--row card--row--wide card--shadowed'> <div class='layout-card-minor u--align-center'> <img class="u--padding-lg" alt="" src="https://nrl.iucnredlist.org/assets/category-lg/category-lg_cr-3ec06b34573557e2b90a84b1659eae2d61024950f7d28509519a5f7e3758b71e.svg" /> </div> <div class='layout-card-major'> <header class='card__header'> <h2 class='card__title card__title--xlarge'>Critically Endangered (CR)</h2> </header> <div class='card__body'> <p> A taxon is <strong>Critically Endangered (CR)</strong> when the best available evidence indicates that it meets any of the criteria A to E for Critically Endangered, and it is therefore considered to be facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild. </p> <p> <a href="/search?redListCategory=cr">Species categorized as Critically Endangered (CR)</a> </p> </div> </div> </li> <li class='arrow'></li> <li class='card card--row card--row--wide card--shadowed'> <div class='layout-card-minor u--align-center'> <img class="u--padding-lg" alt="" src="https://nrl.iucnredlist.org/assets/category-lg/category-lg_ew-d3e64d0f3ef6f89a4406dc6f882b9dafa6a3738fa2bb68e442523d42743d96df.svg" /> </div> <div class='layout-card-major'> <header class='card__header'> <h2 class='card__title card__title--xlarge'>Extinct in the Wild (EW)</h2> </header> <div class='card__body'> <p> A taxon is <strong>Extinct in the Wild (EW)</strong> when it is known only to survive in cultivation, in captivity or as a naturalized population (or populations) well outside the past range. A taxon is presumed Extinct in the Wild when exhaustive surveys in known and/or expected habitat, at appropriate times (diurnal, seasonal, annual), throughout its historic range have failed to record an individual. Surveys should be over a time frame appropriate to the taxon's life cycle and life form. </p> <p> <a href="/search?redListCategory=ew">Species categorized as Extinct in the Wild (EW)</a> </p> </div> </div> </li> <li class='arrow'></li> <li class='card card--row card--row--wide card--shadowed'> <div class='layout-card-minor u--align-center'> <img class="u--padding-lg" alt="" src="https://nrl.iucnredlist.org/assets/category-lg/category-lg_ex-5aa9fe2bfb20930fdec6d1c5b619f81b6e2fdd56de9d10984b0aef3801bcb9a2.svg" /> </div> <div class='layout-card-major'> <header class='card__header'> <h2 class='card__title card__title--xlarge'>Extinct (EX)</h2> </header> <div class='card__body'> <p> A taxon is <strong>Extinct (EX)</strong> when there is no reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. A taxon is presumed Extinct when exhaustive surveys in known and/or expected habitat, at appropriate times (diurnal, seasonal, annual), throughout its historic range have failed to record an individual. Surveys should be over a time frame appropriate to the taxon's life cycle and life form. </p> <p> <a href="/search?redListCategory=ex">Species categorized as Extinct (EX)</a> </p> </div> </div> </li> <li class='arrow'></li> <li class='card card--row card--row--wide card--shadowed'> <div class='layout-card-minor u--align-center'> <img class="u--padding-lg" alt="" src="https://nrl.iucnredlist.org/assets/category-lg/category-lg_ne-4ba5db90bdb573b08059b7e8348a704a1419100a5ab42ba43ba9c6aa4bbdf5a6.svg" /> </div> <div class='layout-card-major'> <header class='card__header'> <h2 class='card__title card__title--xlarge'>Not Evaluated (NE)</h2> </header> <div class='card__body'> <p> A taxon is <strong>Not Evaluated (NE)</strong> when it has not yet been evaluated against the criteria. </p> <p> Not Evaluated (NE) species are not published on the IUCN Red List </p> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> <div class='categories__scrollbar'> <div class='categories__scrollbar__handle'></div> </div> </section> <section class='section bg-mid layout-feature'> <div class='layout-pair__section layout-container layout-container--centered'> <div class='layout-pair__section__major -left'> <h1 class='section__title'>Our goals</h1> <div class='section__body u--margin-bottom-md'> <p class='section__body__lede'>To date, more than 166,000 species have been assessed for The IUCN Red List.</p> <p>This is an incredible achievement. However, our work is nowhere near complete. We need to substantially increase the number of wild species assessed, particularly plants, invertebrates and fungi.</p> <p>Our current goals, based on the IUCN Red List Strategic Plan (2021-2030), are to have 260,000 species assessed and to reassess 142,000 of those species to ensure the information on their status is up-to-date so that we can monitor trends in change of status. Meeting these goals will provide the most up-to-date indication of the health of the world’s biodiversity to guide critical conservation action. This is only achievable with support from people like you.</p> </div> <a class="cta cta--secondary" href="/support/donate">Donate now</a> </div> <div class='layout-pair__section__minor'> <aside> <h2 class='u--hide'>Goal statistics</h2> <div class='panel panel--dark bg-light'> <p class='heading'>Species assessed</p> <p class='panel__data panel__data--key'> <strong>166,061</strong> </p> </div> <div class='panel panel--dark bg-complementary'> <p class='heading'>Goal</p> <p class='panel__data panel__data--key'> <strong>260,000</strong> </p> </div> <div class='panel panel--dark bg-complementary-darker'> <p class='panel__data panel__data--std'> </p> <p class='panel__data panel__data--std'> <span class='panel-data__description'><strong>93,939</strong> species remaining</span> </p> </div> </aside> </div> </div> </section> </main>  <footer class='layout-footer' id='colophon' role='contentinfo'> <section> <h1 class='heading heading--section'> <div class='layout-container 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