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class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ذاتی آلات" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ذاتی آلات</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ur.wikipedia.org&uselang=ur"><span>عطیہ دیجیے</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D8%AA%D8%AE%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%82_%DA%A9%DA%BE%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%81&returnto=%D8%AC%D9%88%DA%A9%DA%BE%D9%85" title="کھاتہ بنانے یا اس میں داخل ہونے کی سفارش کی جاتی ہے؛ تاہم یہ ضروری نہیں"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>کھاتہ بنائیں</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%84_%DB%81%D9%88%DA%BA&returnto=%D8%AC%D9%88%DA%A9%DA%BE%D9%85" title="کھاتے میں داخل ہونے کی سفارش کی جاتی ہے؛ تاہم یہ ضروری نہیں [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>داخل ہوں</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA:%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%81" aria-label="ترمیم کاری کے متعلق مزید تفصیلات"><span>مزید تفصیلات</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%AA%DB%8C%DA%BA" title="اس آئی پی پتے سے انجام دی جانے والی تمام ترامیم کی فہرست [y]" accesskey="y"><span>شراکتیں</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%84%DB%81_%D8%AE%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84" title="اس آئی پی پتے کی ترامیم سے متعلق گفتگو [n]" accesskey="n"><span>تبادلۂ خیال</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="ویب گاہ"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="مندرجات" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">مندرجات</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">بغلی پٹی پر جائیں</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">چھپائیں</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">دیباچہ</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-مزید_دیکھیے" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#مزید_دیکھیے"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>مزید دیکھیے</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-مزید_دیکھیے-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-حوالہ_جات" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#حوالہ_جات"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>حوالہ جات</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-حوالہ_جات-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="مندرجات" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="فہرست عناوین دیکھیں" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">فہرست عناوین دیکھیں</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">جوکھم</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 66 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-66" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">66 زبانیں</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B7%D8%B1%D8%A9" title="مخاطرة – عربی" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مخاطرة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="عربی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3%DA%A9" title="ریسک – فارسی" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ریسک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="فارسی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risk" title="Risk – انگریزی" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Risk" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="انگریزی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risiko" title="Risiko – افریقی" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Risiko" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="افریقی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risgo" title="Risgo – اراگونیز" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Risgo" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="اراگونیز" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riesgu" title="Riesgu – اسٹوریائی" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Riesgu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="اسٹوریائی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risk_(iqtisadi)" title="Risk (iqtisadi) – آذربائیجانی" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Risk (iqtisadi)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="آذربائیجانی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9D%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%81%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF" title="ঝুঁকি – بنگلہ" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ঝুঁকি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="بنگلہ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BBi-hi%C3%A1m" title="Gûi-hiám – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Gûi-hiám" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Рызыка – بیلاروسی" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Рызыка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="بیلاروسی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Рызыка – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Рызыка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Риск – بلغاری" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Риск" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="بلغاری" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rizik" title="Rizik – بوسنیائی" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Rizik" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="بوسنیائی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risc" title="Risc – کیٹالان" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Risc" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="کیٹالان" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Теветкел – چوواش" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Теветкел" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="چوواش" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riziko" title="Riziko – چیک" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Riziko" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="چیک" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risiko" title="Risiko – ڈینش" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Risiko" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="ڈینش" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risiko" title="Risiko – جرمن" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Risiko" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="جرمن" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risk" title="Risk – اسٹونین" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Risk" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="اسٹونین" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riesgo" title="Riesgo – ہسپانوی" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Riesgo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="ہسپانوی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risko" title="Risko – ایسپرانٹو" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Risko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="ایسپرانٹو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrisku_(ziurgabetasuna)" title="Arrisku (ziurgabetasuna) – باسکی" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Arrisku (ziurgabetasuna)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="باسکی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risque" title="Risque – فرانسیسی" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Risque" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="فرانسیسی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riosca" title="Riosca – آئرش" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Riosca" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="آئرش" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%97%98%EC%84%B1" title="위험성 – کوریائی" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="위험성" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="کوریائی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8C%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%AF" title="Ռիսկ – آرمینیائی" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ռիսկ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="آرمینیائی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE" title="जोखिम – ہندی" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="जोखिम" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="ہندی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rizik" title="Rizik – کراتی" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Rizik" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="کراتی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risiko" title="Risiko – انڈونیثیائی" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Risiko" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="انڈونیثیائی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rischio" title="Rischio – اطالوی" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Rischio" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="اطالوی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%9F" title="סיכון – عبرانی" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סיכון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="عبرانی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kp%C9%9Bd%C9%A9s%CA%8B%CA%8B_(Risque)" title="Kpɛdɩsʋʋ (Risque) – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Kpɛdɩsʋʋ (Risque)" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AF" title="ಅಪಾಯ – کنّاڈا" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಅಪಾಯ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="کنّاڈا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%99%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Тәуекел – قزاخ" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Тәуекел" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="قزاخ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risks" title="Risks – لیٹوین" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Risks" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="لیٹوین" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rizika" title="Rizika – لیتھوینین" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Rizika" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="لیتھوینین" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kock%C3%A1zat" title="Kockázat – ہنگیرین" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kockázat" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ہنگیرین" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Ризик – مقدونیائی" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Ризик" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="مقدونیائی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risiko" title="Risiko – مالے" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Risiko" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="مالے" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vakaleqai" title="Vakaleqai – فجی" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Vakaleqai" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="فجی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risico" title="Risico – ڈچ" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Risico" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="ڈچ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE" title="जोखिम – نیپالی" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="जोखिम" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="نیپالی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B9%E3%82%AF" title="リスク – جاپانی" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="リスク" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="جاپانی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="بہترین مضمون"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risiko" title="Risiko – نارویجین بوکمل" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Risiko" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="نارویجین بوکمل" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risiko" title="Risiko – ادنی جرمن" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Risiko" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="ادنی جرمن" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryzyko" title="Ryzyko – پولش" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ryzyko" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="پولش" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risco_(administra%C3%A7%C3%A3o)" title="Risco (administração) – پُرتگالی" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Risco (administração)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="پُرتگالی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risc" title="Risc – رومینین" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Risc" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="رومینین" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Риск – روسی" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Риск" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="روسی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risku" title="Risku – البانی" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Risku" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="البانی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ACsicu_(dammaggiu)" title="Rìsicu (dammaggiu) – سیسیلین" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Rìsicu (dammaggiu)" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="سیسیلین" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danger" title="Danger – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Danger" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xasiloon-laawe" title="Xasiloon-laawe – صومالی" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Xasiloon-laawe" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="صومالی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Ризик – سربین" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ризик" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="سربین" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rizik" title="Rizik – سربو-کروئیشین" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Rizik" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="سربو-کروئیشین" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riski" title="Riski – فینیش" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Riski" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="فینیش" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risk" title="Risk – سویڈش" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Risk" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="سویڈش" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="இடர் – تمل" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இடர்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="تمل" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Риск – تاتار" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Риск" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="تاتار" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87" title="ความเสี่ยง – تھائی" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ความเสี่ยง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="تھائی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risk" title="Risk – ترکی" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Risk" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="ترکی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Ризик – یوکرینیائی" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ризик" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="یوکرینیائی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%E1%BB%A7i_ro" title="Rủi ro – ویتنامی" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Rủi ro" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="ویتنامی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A3%8E%E9%99%A9" title="风险 – وو چائینیز" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="风险" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="وو چائینیز" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A2%A8%E9%9A%AA" title="風險 – کینٹونیز" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="風險" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="کینٹونیز" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A3%8E%E9%99%A9" title="风险 – چینی" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="风险" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="چینی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q104493#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="ترمیم بین اللسانی روابط" class="wbc-editpage">ترمیم روابط</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="فضائے نام"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%DA%A9%DA%BE%D9%85" title="مواد پر مشتمل صفحہ دیکھیں [c]" accesskey="c"><span>صفحہ</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%84%DB%82_%D8%AE%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84:%D8%AC%D9%88%DA%A9%DA%BE%D9%85" rel="discussion" title="مضمون کے متعلق گفتگو کریں [t]" accesskey="t"><span>تبادلۂ خیال</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="زبان کا لہجہ بدلیں" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span 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href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AC%D9%88%DA%A9%DA%BE%D9%85&action=history" title="اس صفحہ کے سابقہ نسخے [h]" accesskey="h"><span>تاریخچہ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="آلات" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">آلات</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">آلات</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">بغلی پٹی پر جائیں</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">چھپائیں</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> اقدامات </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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صفحات کی فہرست جو اس صفحہ سے مربوط ہیں [j]" accesskey="j"><span>مربوط صفحات</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%82%DB%81_%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%DB%81_%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%BA/%D8%AC%D9%88%DA%A9%DA%BE%D9%85" rel="nofollow" title="اِس صفحہ سے مربوط صفحات میں حالیہ تبدیلیاں [k]" accesskey="k"><span>متعلقہ تبدیلیاں</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D8%AE%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%B5%DB%8C_%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="جملہ خصوصی صفحات کی فہرست [q]" accesskey="q"><span>خصوصی صفحات</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AC%D9%88%DA%A9%DA%BE%D9%85&oldid=4351007" title="صفحہ کے اس نسخہ کا مستقل ربط"><span>مستقل ربط</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AC%D9%88%DA%A9%DA%BE%D9%85&action=info" title="اس صفحہ کے بارے میں مزید معلومات"><span>معلومات صفحہ</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%81&page=%D8%AC%D9%88%DA%A9%DA%BE%D9%85&id=4351007&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="اس صفحہ کا حوالہ دینے کا طریقہ"><span>مضمون کا حوالہ</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A2%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%84_%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%B1_%DA%A9%D9%86%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%81&url=https%3A%2F%2Fur.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D8%25AC%25D9%2588%25DA%25A9%25DA%25BE%25D9%2585"><span>مختصر یوآرایل</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fur.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D8%25AC%25D9%2588%25DA%25A9%25DA%25BE%25D9%2585"><span>ڈاؤن لوڈ کیوآر</span></a></li><li id="t-shorturl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//ur.wikipedia.org/s/izrx" title="اس مختصر ربط کو نقل کریں"><span>مختصر یوآرایل</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> طباعت/برآمد </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%D8%AC%D9%88%DA%A9%DA%BE%D9%85"><span>تخلیق کتاب</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%DB%8C_%DA%88%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%81&page=%D8%AC%D9%88%DA%A9%DA%BE%D9%85&action=show-download-screen"><span>ڈاؤن لوڈ بشکلPDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AC%D9%88%DA%A9%DA%BE%D9%85&printable=yes" title="اِس صفحہ کا قابلِ طبع نسخہ [p]" accesskey="p"><span>قابل طبع نسخہ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> دیگر منصوبے </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Risk" hreflang="en"><span>ویکی ذخائر</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q104493" title="متعلقہ ڈیٹا سے منسلک کریں [g]" accesskey="g"><span>ڈیٹا آئٹم</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">بغلی پٹی پر جائیں</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">چھپائیں</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">آزاد دائرۃ المعارف، ویکیپیڈیا سے</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-rtl mw-parser-output" lang="ur" dir="rtl"><p>سادہ لفظوں میں <b>جوکھم</b> (<a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B2%DB%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="انگریزی">انگریزی</a>: Risk) سے مراد کسی ناچاقی صورت حال کا وجود میں آنا ہے۔<sup id="cite_ref-Cambridge_1-0" class="reference" style="font-size: 75%;"><a href="#cite_note-Cambridge-1">[1]</a></sup> جوکھم میں <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%BA%DB%8C%D8%B1_%DB%8C%D9%82%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="غیر یقینی (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">غیر یقینی</a> کا عنصر بھی شامل ہوتا ہے کہ کسی بھی سرگرمی کا اثر یا تاثیر سامنے مشاہدے میں آئے گی، جو کسی انسانی قدر کو متاثر کرے گی (جیسے کہ صحت، تن درستی، جائداد یا ماحول)۔ جوکھم میں اکثر زور منفی پہلو اور ناپسندیدہ عواقب پر ہوتا ہے۔<sup id="cite_ref-SRA2018_2-0" class="reference" style="font-size: 75%;"><a href="#cite_note-SRA2018-2">[2]</a></sup> اس تعلق سے کئی تعریفیں تجویز کی جا چکی ہیں۔ بین الاقوامی سطح پر جوکھم سے متعلق عام سمجھ بوجھ جو مختلف محاذوں پر رائج ہے، وہ یہ ہے کہ یہ "مقاصد پر غیر یقینی کی اثر انگیزی ہے"۔ <sup id="cite_ref-ISOGuide73_3-0" class="reference" style="font-size: 75%;"><a href="#cite_note-ISOGuide73-3">[3]</a></sup> </p><p>جوکھم کے بارے سوچ، اس کے تجزیے کے عام طریقے اور جائزے، جوکھم کی پیمائش اور یہاں تک کہ جوکھم کی تعریفیں مختلف عملی زاویوں سے الگ الگ ہو سکتی ہیں، جیسے کہ <a href="/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="کاروبار">کاروبار</a>، <a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="معاشیات">معاشیات</a>، <a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AD%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3" title="ماحولیاتی سائنس">ماحولیات</a>، <a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="مالیات">مالیات</a>، <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D9%B9%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%DB%8C" title="اطلاعاتی ٹیکنالوجی">اطلاعاتی ٹیکنالوجی</a>، <a href="/wiki/%D8%B5%D8%AD%D8%AA" title="صحت">صحت</a>، <a href="/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%81" title="بیمہ">بیمہ</a>، <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AD%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B8%D8%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="حفاظت (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">حفاظت</a> اور <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B5%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="صیانت (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">صیانت</a>، وغیرہ۔ </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="مزید_دیکھیے"><span id=".D9.85.D8.B2.DB.8C.D8.AF_.D8.AF.DB.8C.DA.A9.DA.BE.DB.8C.DB.92"></span>مزید دیکھیے</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AC%D9%88%DA%A9%DA%BE%D9%85&action=edit&section=1" title="تدوینِ قطعہ: مزید دیکھیے"><span>ترمیم</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%DA%A9%DA%BE%D9%85_%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%AA" title="جوکھم کی نظامت">جوکھم کی نظامت</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%84_%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%81" title="متبادل منصوبہ">متبادل منصوبہ</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="حوالہ_جات"><span id=".D8.AD.D9.88.D8.A7.D9.84.DB.81_.D8.AC.D8.A7.D8.AA"></span>حوالہ جات</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AC%D9%88%DA%A9%DA%BE%D9%85&action=edit&section=2" title="تدوینِ قطعہ: حوالہ جات"><span>ترمیم</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4721619">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Cambridge-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Cambridge_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/risk">"Risk"</a>۔ Cambridge Dictionary</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fur.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%AC%D9%88%DA%A9%DA%BE%D9%85&rft.atitle=Risk&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cambridge+Dictionary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdictionary.cambridge.org%2Fdictionary%2Fenglish%2Frisk&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6342468">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-right:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SRA2018-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-SRA2018_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181221011051/http://www.sra.org/sites/default/files/pdf/SRA%20Glossary%20-%20FINAL.pdf">"Glossary"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>۔ Society for Risk Analysis۔ 21 دسمبر 2018 میں <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sra.org/sites/default/files/pdf/SRA%20Glossary%20-%20FINAL.pdf">اصل</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> سے آرکائیو شدہ<span class="reference-accessdate">۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 13 اپریل 2020</span></span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fur.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%AC%D9%88%DA%A9%DA%BE%D9%85&rft.btitle=Glossary&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sra.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fpdf%2FSRA%2520Glossary%2520-%2520FINAL.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">الوسيط <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> تم تجاهله (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA:%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%81_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AA_%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8%A7%DA%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="معاونت:حوالہ جات کی غلطياں (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">معاونت</a>); </span><span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">تحقق من التاريخ في: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|access-date=</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA:%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%81_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AA_%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8%A7%DA%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="معاونت:حوالہ جات کی غلطياں (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">معاونت</a>)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6342468"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ISOGuide73-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-ISOGuide73_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:guide:73:ed-1:v1:en">"Guide 73:2009 Risk Management - Vocabulary"</a>۔ ISO</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fur.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%AC%D9%88%DA%A9%DA%BE%D9%85&rft.atitle=Guide+73%3A2009+Risk+Management+-+Vocabulary&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ISO&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iso.org%2Fobp%2Fui%2F%23iso%3Astd%3Aiso%3Aguide%3A73%3Aed-1%3Av1%3Aen&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6342468"></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">اخذ کردہ از «<a dir="ltr" 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